Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| prevalence of hepatitides in our hemodialyzed population. | we evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis in our hemodialysed population (65 patients, 37 m and 28 f). screening for a and b hepatitis was tested with the ria method and research of the anti-hcv with the immunoenzymatic method (ortho hcv elisa test of 2nd generation). 15 patients (23.07%) were anti-hcv positive (anti-hcv+); 23 (35.38%) showed positivity for 1 or more markers of b hepatitis (hbv+). a meaningful greater prevalence of b virus infections in anti-hcv+ patients (86.66%), compared to ne ... | 1992 | 1501728 |
| [the maxillofacial surgeon faced with the hiv-positive patient: risks and prevention]. | prevention against the transmission of the hiv must be universal today, which means that it applies to all patients. blood, tissues, the csf are infected, but nasal secreta, tears and saliva are not contaminated unless they contain blood. the statistical risk of an hiv serological conversion when making an injection is an estimate of 0.1 to 0.3%, one hundred times less than with the hepatitis b virus. the best protection for maxillofacial surgeons, who are very exposed by the manipulation of obj ... | 1992 | 1502450 |
| [cell culture and its application primary culture of human hepatocytes and its application]. | difficulty in obtaining human liver specimens has made a delay in the development of methodology for isolation and primary culture of human hepatocytes compared to animal hepatocyte cultures. recently the collagenase-liver-perfusion technique, which was developed for rat hepatocyte isolation, has been applied to prepare isolated human hepatocytes. this method greatly improved the yield and viability of hepatocytes of human liver tissues. since then, the isolated human hepatocytes and their prima ... | 1992 | 1503493 |
| hbsag retention sensitizes the hepatocyte to injury by physiological concentrations of interferon-gamma. | the role that inflammatory cytokines may play in the life cycle of the hepatitis b virus and in the pathogenesis of its associated liver disease has not been carefully delineated. in this report, we demonstrate that bacterial lipopolysaccharide, a potent inducer of inflammatory cytokines in vivo, causes a severe acute liver disease in transgenic mice whose hepatocytes produce the hepatitis b virus large envelope polypeptide and retain hbsag within the endoplasmic reticulum. in contrast, 100-fold ... | 1992 | 1505908 |
| misleading facts. | 1992 | 1506579 | |
| chronic alcohol intoxication decreases the serum level of hepatitis b surface antigen in transgenic mice. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections with an unusual serological profile, viz. positivity of hbv-dna in the absence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), have been described in alcoholics. this atypical pattern could be due to a low circulating level of viral particles rendering hbsag undetectable with commercial kits, whereas hbv-dna remains positive using the highly sensitive hybridization technique. we hypothesize that the well-known alcohol-induced impairment of protein secretion could also ... | 1992 | 1506627 |
| biological standards for hepatitis b virus assays. | 1992 | 1506644 | |
| horizontal transmission of hepatitis b virus infection. | 1992 | 1506648 | |
| [antiphospholipid syndrome and resistance to replacement therapy in hemophilia]. | the paper described the appearance of lipoid anticoagulant (la) in the presence of hepatitis b virus in the blood of hemophilia a patient. profuse and long-term bleeding after the extraction of the tooth that failed to be treated with big doses of cryoprecipitation was noted. intense replacement therapy resulted in the appearance of factor viii inhibitor in a titre of 4.5 units per ml in the patient's blood. big-dose prednisolone therapy helped an immediate arrest of the bleeding and a rapid dec ... | 1992 | 1507818 |
| hepatitis b vaccination in children: five year booster study. | to demonstrate that appropriate doses of hepatitis b vaccines would be protective for at least five years in children. this would be shown by administering booster doses and measuring the response. | 1992 | 1508451 |
| cloning of hepadnaviruses using microquantity serum. | 1992 | 1508732 | |
| [evaluation of virological/serological parameters for hepatitis b]. | 1992 | 1509460 | |
| skin infections in tanna, vanuatu in 1989. | skin infections are an important health problem in vanuatu and other pacific island countries. in this study, 18,223 people, representing 90% of the population of the southern island of tanna in vanuatu, were examined. scabies was found in 16% of those screened, with 24% of children under 10 years affected. other skin infections were predominantly furuncles, abscesses, impetigo and cellulitis and were found in 12% overall and in 16% of children under 10 years of age. these infections were found ... | 1992 | 1509813 |
| exposure to hepatitis b virus in the general population of hisayama, japan: significance of isolated antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen in general population. | cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of hepatitis b serological markers was performed in 2,411 residents who accounted for 74.4% of the population aged 40 and over and living in hisayama town, japan, in 1983. overall prevalences were 40.7% for both anti-hbs and anti-hbc, 6.1% for isolated anti-hbs and 5.4% for isolated anti-hbc. the condition with isolated anti-hbs was different from those with isolated anti-hbc and both anti-hbc and anti-hbs as follows. the titer of anti-hbs in isolated ant ... | 1992 | 1511950 |
| prevalences of hepatitis b surface antigen carriers and liver damages in the general population of hisayama, japan. | the prevalences of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) carriers and liver damages were studied in 2,411 residents aged 40 and over and living in hisayama, japan in 1983. hepatitis b virus (hbv) associated markers were all measured by radioimmunoassay. hbsag carriers were found in 2.3 per cent of the residents. hepatitis b e antigen and antibody to hepatitis b e antigen were positive in 8.9 per cent and 80.4 per cent, respectively, of hbsag carriers. the prevalences of liver damages in hbsag carr ... | 1992 | 1511951 |
| cloning and sequencing of hepatitis b virus pre-s and s gene regions. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify the pre-s1, pre-s2 and s gene regions of hepatitis b virus (hbv). sera from three different patients were used as the source of hbv dna. the resulting 1.2-kb amplification product was cloned into the plasmid pibi30. restriction enzyme analysis revealed that there are two bamhi sites located about 300 bp apart within the s gene. dna sequencing revealed a greatest homology to the hbvadw subtype. | 1992 | 1514053 |
| therapies for hepatitis b virus: current status and future possibilities. | alpha-interferon is the first agent with proven therapeutic efficacy in humans with chronic hbv infection. obviously, further research is needed to clarify and expand the role of interferon in this setting. in addition, an overall response rate of less than 50% illustrates the need for continuing innovation in the treatment of hbv infection especially in patients with predictors of poor outcome. despite the advent of effective vaccines against hbv, this pathogen is likely to remain a source of s ... | 1992 | 1514436 |
| delta virus as a vector for the delivery of biologically-active rnas: possibly a ribozyme specific for chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | 1992 | 1514438 | |
| hepatitis b virus dna in liver tissue of chronic hbsag carriers in childhood and its relationship to other viral markers. | the aim of the study was to examine the state of hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna in liver tissue of 103 children with chronic hepatitis b aged 0.5-18 years to detect free and integrated viral sequences by southern blot hybridization. hbv dna was found in 74 patients. seventy-two were seropositive for hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) and two had anti-hbe antibodies. integrated sequences could be demonstrated in two children. one of them had only integrated hbv dna and was anti-hbe seropositive. the othe ... | 1992 | 1517947 |
| [the prevalence of serum markers of the hepatitis b virus in the personnel of a general hospital]. | 1992 | 1520557 | |
| [markers of hbv infection in drug addicts]. | prevalence of markers of hbv infection was tested in two cohorts of drug addicts: in 140 addicts whose sera were drawn in the years 1985-1986 and in 100 addicts whose sera were drawn in the years 1988-1989. hbsag was found in 10 (7%) patients in the earlier cohort and in 12 (12%) addicts in the latter, while at least one marker of hbv infection was present in 39% and 69%, respectively no correlation was found between the presence of markers of hbv infection and age, gender, or hiv status, howeve ... | 1992 | 1523136 |
| [the obligation to vaccinate against the hepatitis b virus in question]. | 1992 | 1523379 | |
| initial safety and immunogenicity studies of an oral recombinant adenohepatitis b vaccine. | orally administered adenovirus may be a useful vaccine carrier of cloned antigens of other pathogens. a recombinant adenohepatitis vaccine wy-ad7hz6-1, which expressed hepatitis b surface antigen and contained a large deletion in early region 3 (e3), was constructed and studied in humans. volunteers received wy-ad7hz6-1 (n = 3), adenovirus type 7 vaccine (n = 3) or placebo (n = 3). recipients of wy-ad7hz6-1 shed less vaccine virus in the stool for a shorter period and had a lower titre of anti-a ... | 1992 | 1523878 |
| the risk for hepatitis a, b, and c at two institutions for children in somalia with different socioeconomic conditions. | the prevalence of serologic markers for hepatitis a, b, and c was investigated in children from two residential institutions in somalia. among 596 individuals at one residence (shebeli), the prevalences were 96% for antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav), 75% for total hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers, 16% for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), and 1.5% for antibody to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv). corresponding figures for the 76 individuals at a smaller residence (societe organisation socia ... | 1992 | 1524149 |
| [healthy and pseudo-healthy carriers of hepatitis b virus. a comparative clinical, biological and pathological approach]. | from a series of 100 patients hospitalized for chronic hepatitis b infections (hbv), 51 chronic carriers of the hbs antigen without elevated aminotransferases or circulating hbv dna were studied retrospectively. they had no unusual epidemiological or clinical features compared to the other patients, but were distinguished by their normal liver function tests, except for 5 cases of isolated hypergammaglobulinemia. hepatic biopsies performed on 28 patients showed minor lesions or normal tissue in ... | 1992 | 1524350 |
| human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and hepatitis b virus transcription in peripheral blood lymphocytes from co-infected subjects. | the molecular characteristics of peripheral blood lymphocyte (pbl) infection by hepatitis b virus (hbv) were studied in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infected subjects using highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based techniques. dna and rna samples were purified from pbls of hiv-1 infected individuals, regardless of their hbv serological status and assayed using pcr and reverse-transcription (rt) pcr, respectively. the data shown here are an extension of previous report ... | 1992 | 1524492 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b and c viruses and human immunodeficiency virus infections in women of reproductive age. | to determine the prevalence of hepatitis b and c viruses, and human immunodeficiency virus infections in women of reproductive age attending a health care system. | 1992 | 1525103 |
| reverse seroconversion of hepatitis b virus infectious status after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from a carrier donor. | a 35-year-old man with acute promyelocytic leukemia received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant (bmt) in second complete remission. the donor was his 18-year-old brother, a chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) carrier with detectable serum hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) and hepatitis b virus dna (hbv dna). before bmt, the recipient was immune to hbv, with serum antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs), antibody to hbeag (anti-hbe) and normal liver function. examination of th ... | 1992 | 1525609 |
| deletions in the hepatitis b virus small envelope protein: effect on assembly and secretion of surface antigen particles. | the small envelope s protein of hepatitis b virus carrying the surface antigen has the unique property of mobilizing cellular lipids into empty envelope particles which are secreted from mammalian cells. we studied the biogenesis of such particles using site-directed mutagenesis. in this study, we describe the effect of deletions in the n-terminal hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains of the s protein. whereas short overlapping deletions of hydrophilic sequences flanking the first hydrophobic doma ... | 1992 | 1527845 |
| [seroepidemiological analysis of hepatitis b virus infection between anesthesia personnel and hospital administration staffs in changhua christian hospital]. | for hospital personnel, transmission of virus is a common and serious occupational hazard. other than suffering from physical discomfort, these infected hospital staffs may also transmit the disease to patients through their blood, mucous or secretion contamination. the purpose of this study is intended to understand the condition of hepatitis b virus infection between anesthetists and hospital administration staffs. forty-six anesthetists (study group) and 90 hospital administration staffs (con ... | 1992 | 1528103 |
| [incidence of hepatitis d virus infection in chronic hepatitis b virus carriers]. | in carriers of hbsag (hepatitis b virus surface antigen) the incidence of hepatitis d virus infection was studied in 72 (61.3%) males and 45 (38.5%) females, totally in 117 cases with a mean age of 34.8 years. there were 26 (22.2%) asymptomatic carriers of hbsag where in other chronic carriers the diagnosis were as follows; 29 (24.7%) chronic persistent hepatitis, 20 (17.0%) chronic lobular hepatitis, 23 (19.6%) chronic active hepatitis and 19 (16.2%) posthepatic cirrhosis. the incidence of hdv ... | 1992 | 1528142 |
| [genetic variants of hepatitis b virus and their clinical significance]. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) mutants have recently been identified in patients with acute and chronic hbv infection. they accumulate during the natural course of infection and may eventually constitute the major or only viral species. mutations have been detected in all viral genes (except the x-gene) and may be associated with a specific clinical course of the infection, e.g., chronic active or fulminant hepatitis. the exact contribution of mutations to the natural clinical course of hbv infection r ... | 1992 | 1529189 |
| conserved cysteines of the hepatitis b virus core protein are not required for assembly of replication-competent core particles nor for their envelopment. | replication of hepatitis b virus (hbv) proceeds by reverse transcription of an rna intermediate inside the viral nucleocapsid formed by the core protein. this protein contains four cys residues which occur at equivalent positions in the core proteins of all known mammalian hepadnaviruses, suggesting that they might be of structural and/or functional importance. the four his residues of the core protein are located strikingly close to the three n-proximal cysteines. this arrangement is likewise c ... | 1992 | 1529550 |
| high prevalence of viral infection in adults with homozygous and heterozygous alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and chronic liver disease. | to determine the prevalence of chronic liver disease in adults with homozygous (pi zz) and heterozygous (pi z) alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and to assess the presence of other possible risk factors for the development of chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver in these patients. | 1992 | 1530195 |
| review of management of incidents involving exposure to blood in a london teaching hospital, 1989-91. | to review management of incidents involving exposure to blood reported to an occupational health unit. | 1992 | 1530692 |
| the immune response to hepatitis b vaccine in humans: inheritance patterns in families. | we have recently shown that the human antibody response to the hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) vaccine is major histocompatibility complex (mhc) associated. in studies of nonresponders to the vaccine, we found an increased incidence of individuals homozygous for human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (hla) proteins associated with the extended (conserved) haplotype [hla-b8,sc01,dr3]. in later prospective vaccination trials, we showed that none of five individuals homozygous for thi ... | 1992 | 1531063 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b in pregnant women. | 1992 | 1532216 | |
| is nonresponsiveness to hepatitis b vaccine due to latent hepatitis b virus infection? | 1992 | 1532408 | |
| significance of isolated anti-hbc seropositivity by elisa: implications and the role of radioimmunoassay. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) surface antigen (hbsag) and antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs) are excellent markers for hbv infection and its immunity. the significance of isolated antibody to hbv core antigen (anti-hbc) seropositivity is not certain. to elucidate this, sera from 638 chinese adult subjects, aged 18-52 years, seronegative for both hbsag and anti-hbs, were tested for anti-hbc. fifty-one (8%) were found to have an isolated anti-hbc seropositivity by elisa, and all were negative for igm-anti-hbc ... | 1992 | 1532979 |
| seroepidemiology of hepatitis b virus infection in saudi arabian children: a baseline survey for mass vaccination against hepatitis b. | saudi arabia is considered to be an area of endemic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. by adult age, 7% persons have hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and about 70% have one or more hbv markers. in order to provide a baseline for the integration of hepatitis b vaccine into the extended programme of immunisation (epi), a population-based survey of hbv markers was made among saudi children. the overall prevalence of hbsag was 6.7%, with at least one hbv marker being positive in 19.7% persons tes ... | 1992 | 1533236 |
| characterization of t-cell tolerance to hepatitis b virus (hbv) antigen in transgenic mice. | we made three different lines of hepatitis b virus (hbv) transgenic mice which express different amounts of hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) and/or hepatitis b core antigen (hbcag) to analyse the cellular mechanisms of hbcag specific t-cell tolerance. bs10 (official designation, 1.2hb-bs10) transgenic mice, which contain the whole hbv genome, express relatively high amounts of hbeag in the serum and hbcag in the liver. spc mice, which contain hepatitis b virus core and precore gene, express small a ... | 1992 | 1533387 |
| [protection of babies born to hbsag(+) mothers]. | babies of 17 hbsag positive mothers were passively and actively immunized with hbig and hbv vaccine. seven infants born from hbsag (+) mothers were not immunized with their families decisions and used as control group. 24 infants were followed for 12-18 months. 76.4% of immunized babies were anti-hbs positive at 12 months. none of the babies who were not immunized were hbsag positive at 12 months. | 1992 | 1533439 |
| clinical evaluation of low dose intradermally administered hepatitis b vaccine: a comparison of plasma-derived and recombinant yeast-derived vaccines. | a study of the safety and immunogenicity of plasma-derived and yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis b vaccines administered by the intradermal route is reported. three groups of medical students were inoculated intradermally at 0, 1 and 6 months with 2 micrograms of vaccine. group 1 (n = 24) were administered plasma-derived vaccine (green cross hb-vaccine), group 2 (n = 21) yeast-derived recombinant vaccine (engerix b), and group 3 (n = 13) two doses of plasma-derived vaccine with a third dose of ... | 1992 | 1533478 |
| simultaneous injection of hepatitis b vaccine with bcg and killed poliovirus vaccine. | in most developing countries, hepatitis b virus is endemic and prevention has to be carried out early in life and on a mass scale. in these regions, simultaneous administration of multiple antigens is normal practice. we have therefore investigated the interaction of hepatitis b vaccine with bcg and inactivated polio vaccine. the serological antibody response to poliovirus and hbsag as well as the cellular immune response to tuberculin post bcg immunization were assessed. the immune responses to ... | 1992 | 1533479 |
| vaccination against hepatitis b in preschool children with down's syndrome. | twenty-nine healthy hbsag- and hbsab-negative children with down's syndrome who were living at home (mean age 42 months; 19 m, 10 f) were vaccinated against hepatitis b virus either with recombinant dna or plasma-derived vaccine. both groups of children responded well to the vaccination schedules, with hbsab seroconversion rates close to 100%. vaccination against hepatitis b in preschool children with down's syndrome is effective in spite of the existing abnormalities of the immune function. | 1992 | 1533557 |
| impact of hepatitis b virus infection on women and children. | hbv infection acquired during infancy and early childhood has a high likelihood of progressing to chronic infection, which can lead to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. in areas of the world where hbv infection occurs predominantly in infants and young children, routine infant immunization with hepatitis b vaccine is the most appropriate vaccination strategy. in the united states, the majority of hbv infections occur in adults with behaviors or occupations that ... | 1992 | 1533649 |
| gly145 to arg substitution in hbs antigen of immune escape mutant of hepatitis b virus. | a japanese child born to an hbeag-positive carrier mother received anti-hbs immunoglobulins and a plasma-derived hbs vaccine with a poor anti-hbs-antibody response. the child, who is now 3 years old, is presently suffering from chronic hepatitis with unusual serological findings that are positive for hbsag, anti-hbs and hbeag, since being infected with a measles virus at 12 months of age. the nucleotide sequences of the s region of hbv dna obtained from the patient, the mother and an hbeag-posit ... | 1992 | 1534223 |
| anamnestic response to hepatitis b vaccine in nonalcoholic liver cirrhosis patients with and without hbv-dna. | two methods were used to unveil a possible previous hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection in patients with postnecrotic liver cirrhosis. the anamnestic response to a booster injection of hb vaccine was assessed, and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique for the detection of hbv-dna in serum and liver tissue, using primers to span the precore and core regions, was employed. seventeen patients with postnecrotic liver cirrhosis were selected from a population with a high prevalence of hbv infec ... | 1992 | 1534439 |
| heat stability of a recombinant dna hepatitis b vaccine. | the heat stability of a recombinant dna hepatitis b vaccine was studied in healthy adult volunteers. when compared with vaccine stored at 4 degrees c, heating of the vaccine for 1 week at 45 degrees c or for 1 month at 37 degrees c did not alter the reactogenicity or the ability of the vaccine to elicit antibody titres considered to be protective. these results have significance in situations where the cold chain is broken, as can happen in countries where proper storage and transport facilities ... | 1992 | 1534639 |
| comparative immunogenicity in children of mammalian cell-derived recombinant hepatitis b vaccine and plasma-derived hepatitis b vaccine. | three doses of hepatitis b vaccine were given at 2, 4 and 9 months of age to 220 senegalese infants living in the dakar area of senegal. half of the infants received 5 micrograms plasma-derived hepatitis b vaccine (hevac b) and the remainder 20 micrograms mammalian cell-derived recombinant hepatitis b vaccine (genhevac b). both vaccines contain s and pre-s2 encoded proteins; however, the recombinant vaccine had a much higher pre-s2 content than the plasma-derived vaccine. adverse reactions to bo ... | 1992 | 1534640 |
| design and synthesis of a self-assembling peptide derived from the envelope proteins of hiv type 1. an approach to heterovalent immunogens. | a chimeric peptide that included sequences from gp120 and gp41 of hiv type 1 was synthesized. cleavage from solid support yielded a composite of self-oligomerized products with molecular masses ranging from 5 to about 9 kda. the oligomer but not its reduced, monomeric form was recognized by human anti-hiv sera and at least one of the two lysines in the sequence was involved in antibody binding. the oligomeric peptide was immunogenic, yielding a conformation-specific antibody response. co-oligome ... | 1992 | 1534827 |
| control of hepatitis b in australia. the case for alternative strategies. | 1992 | 1534864 | |
| prospects for control of hepatitis b virus infection: implications of childhood vaccination and long-term protection. | hepatitis b vaccine has been recommended for high-risk individuals in the united states for more than a decade. this targeted strategy, however, has failed to control hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. universal immunization is being considered as an alternative approach, in particular the inclusion of hepatitis b vaccine with routine childhood vaccinations. data presented herein demonstrate a high degree of efficacy for hepatitis vaccine with hepatitis b immune globulin in preventing perinatal ... | 1992 | 1534885 |
| long-term follow-up of hepatitis b vaccination in susceptible hospital personnel. | two hundred and sixty-seven susceptible hospital personnel who had been randomly divided into three groups to receive different doses (5 micrograms, 2 micrograms or 1 microgram) of a plasma-derived hepatitis b vaccine on a four-dose schedule were investigated annually for 4 years. of them, 251 were vaccine responders. the percentages of persistence of antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs) in these 3 groups were 95.5% (84/88), 92.3% (72/78) and 95.3% (81/85), respectively (p greater ... | 1992 | 1535229 |
| reduced response to hepatitis b virus vaccination in boys with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. | vaccination against hepatitis b virus (hbv) was performed in 18 boys (aged 5.7 +/- 2.4 years) suffering from steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (ssns) and in a control group of 21 healthy boys (aged 5.6 +/- 3.8 years). the percentage of patients who responded to vaccination was significantly lower than the control group 1, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 months after the start of vaccination. the titre of antibodies to hbv surface antigen produced by responders at 6 and 24 months was significantly lower i ... | 1992 | 1535506 |
| chronic hepatitis b virus infection in an anti-hbc-nonreactive blood donor: variant virus or defective immune response? | viral sequence and host immune response were investigated in an unusual, asymptomatic chronic hepatitis b virus carrier (human leukocyte antigen type a24, bw61, bw62, bw6, drw11, drw52, dqw7) who was consistently nonreactive for antibody to hbc and had a normal alt level over a 5-yr study period. the precore and core region dna sequences of virus isolated from his serum had seven silent mutations that resulted in no changes in the amino acid sequence of the adr hbsag subtype. he had no abnormali ... | 1992 | 1535607 |
| human immunodeficiency virus testing experience and hepatitis b vaccination and testing status of healthcare workers in south carolina: implications for compliance with us public health service guidelines. | to assess the previous human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) testing experience and the hepatitis b (hb) vaccination and testing status of healthcare workers potentially involved in invasive surgical procedures. | 1992 | 1535641 |
| hepatitis b vaccine set for introduction into national immunization programs. | 1992 | 1535642 | |
| hepatitis b vaccine. | 1992 | 1535682 | |
| [effectiveness and tolerance of genetically engineered vaccines for hepatitis b--a comparative study]. | the two hepatitis b vaccines produced by gene technology that are presently available in germany, were compared in respect of efficacy and tolerance in 80 nurses (female and male) who were under training. both vaccines proved to be highly effective and well tolerated. in respect of the achieved anti-hbs titer, however, the two vaccines differed significantly from each other. using the 20 micrograms hbs antigen, the antibody titers obtained were higher by a factor of 1.8. the article gives update ... | 1992 | 1535816 |
| correlation of hepatitis b virus, hepatitis d virus and human immunodeficiency virus type i infection markers in hepatitis b surface antigen positive haemophiliacs and patients without haemophilia with clinical and histopathological outcome of hepatitis. | the hepatitis d virus (hdv) infection plays a major role in severe liver damage caused by hepatitis. to establish the prevalence of hdv infection in haemophilic patients and patients without haemophilia, 87 patients with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection were examined for serological evidence of delta hepatitis. in addition hbv, hdv and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv) infection markers were compared to clinical and histopathological outcome of hepatitis. out of 46 haemophiliacs ... | 1992 | 1537369 |
| high-level expression of hepatitis b viral antigens in fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis. | the expression of hepatitis b viral antigens was quantified in liver tissue from four transplant recipients with fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis (fch) and compared with five other transplant recipients who did not develop this syndrome and 30 patients with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. as measured by radioimmunoassays, the liver tissue from patients with fch had significantly greater amounts of both hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and nucleocapsid antigens than to transplant pat ... | 1992 | 1537531 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction to demonstrate hepatitis b virus dna in serum of children with chronic hepatitis b. | the polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate the presence of hepatitis b virus dna in sera of 61 children with chronic hepatitis b and negative results on dot blot hybridization tests. our results demonstrate that most chronic carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen in childhood have hepatitis b virus dna detectable by polymerase chain reaction in their serum and must be considered infectious. | 1992 | 1538294 |
| hepatic transplantation for hepatitis b-associated liver disease. | 1992 | 1539241 | |
| polymerase chain reaction detects hepatitis b virus dna in paraffin-embedded liver tissue from patients sero- and histo-negative for active hepatitis b. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to analyse tissues from paraffin blocks of liver needle biopsies retrospectively. biopsies of 29 patients with proven hbsag and hbcag expression in liver tissue and of 8 healthy volunteers served as positive (group 1) and negative tissue controls (group 2), respectively. these were compared with 16 patients with proven hbsag expression in liver but lack of hbcag (group 3), with 23 patients with anti-hbc as the only hepatitis b virus (hbv)-related mark ... | 1992 | 1539446 |
| a second look at the cost of mandatory human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis b virus testing for healthcare workers performing invasive procedures. | 1992 | 1541802 | |
| infections that cause vasculitis. | an infectious cause has long been suspected for most forms of vasculitis. in most cases vascular damage has been ascribed to immune-mediated mechanisms rather than direct microbial toxicity. evidence cited in this review provides further support for a causal role of infection in the vasculitides by strengthening the link between group a streptococci and hepatitis b virus with polyarteritis nodosa and kawasaki syndrome. it is anticipated that the application of new molecular technology will provi ... | 1992 | 1543661 |
| [professional activity of hbsag-positive surgeon]. | 1992 | 1544358 | |
| spontaneous loss of hbsag in children with chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | spontaneous loss of hbsag is infrequent in adult hbv carriers. little is known about this serological change in children. in a prospective study of 420 hepatitis b virus-carrier children who were observed for 1 to 12 yr (mean = 4.3 yr), spontaneous loss of hbsag occurred in 10 patients, with an average incidence of 0.6%/yr. the hbsag clearance rate was significantly higher in children who had anti-hbe; children who were at an older age on entry; children whose mothers were hbsag-; or children wi ... | 1992 | 1544619 |
| [detection of hepatitis b virus dna in serum by gene amplification in patients with chronic hepatitis b and in patients chronic hepatitis c]. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) constitutes important methodological progress for detecting the presence of viral nucleic acids when these are found in small quantities in serum or tissues. the aim of this study was the use of pcr to detect dna of the hepatitis b virus (hbv) in patients with chronic hbsag positive hepatitis (hc-b) and in patients with chronic non a non b hepatitis with antibodies against the virus of hepatitis c (anti-hcv) positive (hc-c). | 1992 | 1545620 |
| guidelines for health care workers who have hepatitis b virus or human immunodeficiency virus infection. | 1992 | 1545945 | |
| characterization of the hepatitis b virus pres/s region encoded transcriptional transactivator. | a transactivating function generated by carboxy-terminal truncation of the hbv envelope proteins has been recently described. to characterize the pres/s protein domains responsible for transactivation, pres1/s2/s and pres2/s 3' deletion mutants under the control of the adenoviral major late promoter were tested for their transactivating potential in cotransfection experiments using the c-myc and c-fos regulatory sequences as targets. deletion of the carboxyterminal hydrophobic domain of the s pr ... | 1992 | 1546461 |
| [problems in differential diagnosis in chronic hepatitis b]. | 1992 | 1546492 | |
| what is the dentist's occupational risk of becoming infected with hepatitis b or the human immunodeficiency virus? | surveys have shown that dentists are reluctant to treat persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). however, dentists are much more willing to treat patients with infectious hepatitis b virus (hbv). this study shows that the annual cumulative risk of infection from routine treatment of patients whose seropositivity is undisclosed is 57 times greater from hbv than from hiv, and that the risk of dying from hbv infection is 1.7 times greater than the risk of hiv infection, for whi ... | 1992 | 1546781 |
| assembly of hepatitis delta virus particles. | hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is a subviral satellite of hepatitis b virus (hbv). since the rna genome of hdv can replicate in cultured cells in the absence of hbv, it has been suggested that the only helper function of hbv is to supply hbv coat proteins in the assembly process of hdv particles. to examine the factors involved in such virion assembly, we transiently cotransfected cells with various hepadnavirus constructs and cdnas of hdv and analyzed the particles released into the medium. we rep ... | 1992 | 1548764 |
| autopresentation of hepatitis b virus envelope antigens by t cells. | processing and presentation by t cells appear to be limited to antigens that can directly interact with the t-cell surface, thereby overcoming the t-cell inefficiency in antigen capture and internalization. our study provides evidence that the hepatitis b virus (hbv) envelope proteins can also be efficiently processed and presented by cd4+ and cd8+ t cells to other t cells in a human leukocyte antigen class ii-restricted fashion. this phenomenon suggests a receptor-mediated interaction between t ... | 1992 | 1548778 |
| human immunodeficiency virus type 1 major neutralizing determinant exposed on hepatitis b surface antigen particles is highly immunogenic in primates. | hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) produced by recombinant dna technology is now widely and safely used worldwide for hepatitis b vaccination. we used the hbsag particle as a carrier molecule for presentation of selected human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) determinants to the immune system. immunization of rhesus monkeys with an hbsag chimera carrying the hiv-1 envelope major neutralizing determinant allowed us to generate proliferative t-cell responses and, in some cases, neutralizing ... | 1992 | 1548782 |
| identification of three essential regions of hepatitis b virus x protein for trans-activation function. | the x protein of hepatitis b virus (hbv) consists of 154 amino acids and trans-activates various cellular and viral promoters and enhancers. to investigate the essential amino acid sequences of x protein for trans-activation function, various mutations were introduced into the x open reading frame and analysed for trans-activation activity by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay. the amino acid sequences 46-52 (especially pro-46, his-49 and his-52), 61-69 (especially cys-61, gly-67 to pro-68 ... | 1992 | 1549357 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b virus markers in sweden: a community-based serosurvey of 4,000 young swedish adults. | the influence of age, origin, and region of domicile on the prevalence of hepatitis b virus markers was investigated in a cross-sectional sample of young swedish adults. sera and demographic data were prospectively collected from 2,000 male conscripts and 2,000 pregnant women from urban and rural parts of sweden during 1988-1989. a total of 10 of 4,000 (0.25%) were found to be hepatitis b surface antigen carriers, and 62 (1.6%) were positive for both anti-hepatitis b core antigen and anti-hepati ... | 1992 | 1550092 |
| prenatal transmission of hepatitis b virus to neonates born to serum hepatitis b virus dna-positive mothers. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna was detected by in vitro enzymatic dna amplification techniques in 66.7% (six of nine) of hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag)-positive and in 21.1% (7 of 33) of hbsag-negative pregnant women. five of the hbv dna and hbsag-positive women and one hbv dna-positive but hbsag-negative woman gave birth to infants positive for serum hbv dna at time of birth. these results suggest that hbsag-negative pregnant women are potentially capable of transmitting hbv dna to thei ... | 1992 | 1550637 |
| natural history and control of perinatally acquired hepatitis b virus infection. | maternal-infant transmission of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is estimated to account for 40-50% of hbv carriers in chinese populations, but is uncommon among other ethnic groups. the high frequency of maternal-infant transmission among chinese populations is related to the high prevalence of carrier mothers with replicative hbv infection. the natural course of perinatally acquired hbv infection consists of three phases: an initial phase of immune tolerance followed by a phase of immune clea ... | 1992 | 1551246 |
| interactions between human immunodeficiency virus-1, hepatitis delta virus and hepatitis b virus infections in 260 chronic carriers of hepatitis b virus. | to evaluate the factors determining the severity of chronic hepatitis b virus infection and the interactions of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis delta virus infections, we retrospectively analyzed 260 patients, 146 of whom were followed for a mean of 31.4 +/- 1.8 mo. human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis delta virus status and aminotransferase activities, histological activity index, alcohol consumption and the prevalence of cirrhosis were investigated. the pat ... | 1992 | 1551633 |
| a randomized controlled trial of lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha in patients with chronic hepatitis b lacking hbeag. | ongoing hepatitis b virus replication in the presence of antibody to hbeag can be observed in patients with active liver disease. these forms of chronic hepatitis b have been described as having a poor prognosis. we have conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the efficacy of lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha in 60 patients with antibody to hbeag and hepatitis b virus dna-positive chronic hepatitis. patients received 5 million u/m2 interferon three times a week for 6 mo, or no treatment. ... | 1992 | 1551634 |
| effect of duration of hepatitis b virus infection on the association between human immunodeficiency virus type-1 and hepatitis b viral replication. | this study examined the effect of duration of hepatitis b virus infection on the association between human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infection and hepatitis b viral replication. twenty-five chronic hbsag carriers were studied. presence of hepatitis b virus dna and expression of hbeag were more frequent among 20 chronic hbsag carriers positive for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 antibody compared with five chronic hbsag carriers negative for human immunodeficiency virus type-1 antibody, b ... | 1992 | 1551635 |
| prevalence of delta virus infection in high risk population and hepatitis b virus related liver diseases. | two hundred and fifty four high risk persons or patients with hepatitis b virus related liver disease (209 men, 45 women; age range 1-78 years) were tested for anti-delta antibody and igm anti-hbc to determine the prevalence of delta agent coinfection and superinfection. the prevalence of delta infection was as follows: acute viral hepatitis 23/148 (16%) and chronic liver disease 17/92 (19%), and asymptomatic hbsag carriers 1/6 (17%). in the high risk population, the delta antibody prevalence wa ... | 1992 | 1551704 |
| gianotti-crosti syndrome: a retrospective analysis of 308 cases. | there is no agreement as to whether papular acrodermatitis of childhood caused by hepatitis b virus can be differentiated from other papulovesicular acrolocated syndromes. | 1992 | 1552055 |
| osha finalizes rules for preventing health-care workers' exposure to hiv and hepatitis b virus. | 1992 | 1553991 | |
| a comparison of hiv-1, hbv, and htlv-i/ii seroprevalence rates of injured patients admitted through california emergency departments. | to determine the seroprevalence rates of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and human t-lymphotropic virus (htlv-i/ii) and to compare these rates with the hiv-1 seroprevalence rate in a sample of injured patients admitted through ten california emergency departments. | 1992 | 1554177 |
| incidence of anti-htlv-1 antibody in liver disease. | positivity for serum anti-htlv-1 antibody (anti-htlv-1) in 171 patients with various chronic liver diseases and 22 asymptomatic hepatitis b virus (hbv) carriers was compared with that of 200 healthy controls in the chikugo district of japan. the rate of anti-htlv-1 positivity in patients with liver disease was 8.1% (14/171) and was higher than that (3.5%: 7/200) in healthy controls, but the difference was not significant. however, in patients with liver disease with a history of blood transfusio ... | 1992 | 1555747 |
| a rapid and quantitative solution hybridization method for detection of hbv dna in serum. | a sensitive and convenient solution hybridization technique was adapted for the semiquantitative detection of hepatitis b virus dna in serum. the assay utilizes 35s-isotope as label and biotin-avidin interaction for collection of the hybrids onto microtitre plate wells. results are obtained as numerical values, which allow quantification. 10(6) molecules of hbv dna/ml serum could be detected by a 3-h hybridization followed by a 2-h collection reaction. by analyzing 500 microliters of serum, 30 ( ... | 1992 | 1556163 |
| human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis b virus infections in a new york city alcoholic population. | alcoholics have previously been reported to have an increased susceptibility to hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. since human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is transmitted in a similar fashion, we studied 143 consecutive in- and outpatient alcoholics residing in new york city for hiv and hbv prevalence and associated risk factors. of these alcoholics, 19 (13%) individuals were hiv positive, 57 (40%) were hepatitis b seropositive. intravenous drug use and sexual contact with an iv drug user were t ... | 1992 | 1556861 |
| transmission of serologically silent hepatitis b virus along with hepatitis c virus in two cases of posttransfusion hepatitis. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to investigate the presence of hepatitis b virus (hbv)-related dna sequences in blood from three blood donors and two transfusion recipients who developed posttransfusion non-a, non-b hepatitis (nanbh). in the first case, the sole donor was positive for antibody to hepatitis b surface (hbs) and core (hbc) antigens and had elevated alanine aminotransferase (alt) levels, while the recipient had no hbv serologic markers. both the donor and the recipient ... | 1992 | 1557801 |
| [a patient with liver cirrhosis manifesting various symptoms including cerebellar ataxia due to germanium intoxication]. | a patient with hepatitis b virus-associated cirrhosis manifested various symptoms such as anemia, renal damage and neurological signs including cerebellar ataxia due to long-term administration of germanium-containing food. the patient was a 40-year-old male who had taken germanium containing mineral cheese for 26 months after he was diagnosed as having cirrhosis. twenty four months after beginning to take the mineral cheese, he began manifesting paresthesia of the extremities, dysarthria and ga ... | 1992 | 1559652 |
| duck hepatitis b virus infection of hepatocytes is not dependent on low ph. | the ph dependency for initiation of infection by the hepadnavirus duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv) was investigated in primary duck hepatocytes. first, an infection assay was developed using a radioimmunoblot to measure dhbv e antigen secreted into tissue culture fluid from infected hepatocytes. the quantity of this viral marker was proportional to the duration of inoculation and the amount of dhbv used as inoculum. the role of ph in initiation of dhbv infection was investigated by using this assay ... | 1992 | 1560528 |
| characterization of hepatitis b virus capsid particle assembly in xenopus oocytes. | little is known about the assembly of the 28-nm nucleocapsid or core particle of hepatitis b virus. here we show that this assembly process can be reconstituted in xenopus oocytes injected with a synthetic mrna encoding the hepatitis b virus capsid protein (p21.5). injected oocytes produce both a nonparticulate p21.5 species (free p21.5) and capsid particles. we describe rapid and simple methods for fractionating these species on a small scale either with step gradients of 10 to 60% (wt/vol) suc ... | 1992 | 1560538 |
| risk factors for hepatitis b virus infection among women attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases. | risk factors for and serologic evidence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection were analyzed among 557 women. study subjects were attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases and enrolled in a clinical trial of nonoxynol-9 prevention of gonococcal and chlamydial infections. seventy-eight (14%) showed serologic evidence of past hbv infection. only age at time of serum collection was significantly associated with hbv marker prevalence (p = 0.04). none of the four measures of sexual activity ... | 1992 | 1561582 |
| introduction of hepatitis delta virus into polish drug community. | the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (hdv) infection was studied in 140 unselected intravenous drug addicts whose sera were drawn between 1985 and 1986 and in 100 addicts from whom sera were obtained between 1988 and 1989. it was observed that 1.8% of those positive for hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers from the earlier period and 23.2% of those from the later period had detectable anti-delta antibodies. among drug addicts referred with acute or chronic hbv infection, the first evidence of hdv ... | 1992 | 1563812 |
| high-flux membranes are not permeable to hepatitis b virus-dna. | 1992 | 1565194 | |
| detection of hepatitis b virus dna by polymerase chain reaction in serum and liver of children with chronic hepatitis b negative for hepatitis b virus dna by conventional hybridization tests. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna was detected by polymerase chain reaction in the serum of 87 and liver tissue of 40 children with chronic hepatitis b, negative for hbv dna by dot blot and southern blot hybridization, respectively. in sera hbv dna could be detected in 73 hepatitis b surface antigen carriers; 14 were hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag), 56 were anti-hbe-seropositive and 3 had neither hbeag nor positive anti-hbe. in 14 anti-hbe-positive patients no hbv dna could be found. viral sequences in ... | 1992 | 1565536 |
| modulation of hepatitis b viral antigen expression by immunosuppressive drugs in primary hepatocyte culture. | in one pattern of hepatitis b virus (hbv) recurrence following orthotopic liver transplantation--namely, fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis (fch), the intrahepatic expression of hbv antigens was found to be markedly increased, suggesting that hbv may be directly cytopathic to the liver cells. understanding how immunosuppressive drugs influence hbv may be of considerable clinical relevance in the treatment of patients with chronic hbv infection after liver transplantation. to determine how these dru ... | 1992 | 1566355 |