Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| management of infections due to antibiotic-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. | antibiotic-resistant strains of streptococcus pneumoniae are becoming more prevalent throughout the world; this has resulted in modifications of treatment approaches. management of bacterial meningitis has the greatest consensus. strategies for treating other systemic infections such as pneumonia, bacteremia, and musculoskeletal infections are evolving, in part related to the availability of new antibiotics which are active in vitro against isolates resistant to penicillin and the extended-spect ... | 1998 | 9767060 |
| is bacterial tracheitis changing? a 14-month experience in a pediatric intensive care unit. | bacterial tracheitis is characterized by acute upper-airway obstruction and purulent secretions within the trachea. historically, affected children were young, stridorous, and toxic-appearing and required tracheal intubation, and morbidity and mortality were significant. staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism involved. during the 14 months of this retrospective study, 46 children were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit because of this diagnosis, and their medical records w ... | 1998 | 9770140 |
| the ability to bind albumin is correlated with nitric oxide sensitivity in moraxella catarrhalis. | moraxella catarrhalis is sensitive to no generators, e.g. s-nitroso-n-acetylpenicillamine (snap) and sodium nitroprusside (snp), but can spontaneously develop higher snp tolerance. using sds-page of outer membrane proteins and immunoblotting for serum albumin, we found that the wild strain bound more blood-medium-derived albumin than the snp-resistant variant did. there was a negative correlation between no tolerance and the presence of serum albumin in the medium. we suggest that m. catarrhalis ... | 1998 | 9770282 |
| human milk lactoferrin inactivates two putative colonization factors expressed by haemophilus influenzae. | haemophilus influenzae is a major cause of otitis media and other respiratory tract disease in children. the pathogenesis of disease begins with colonization of the upper respiratory mucosa, a process that involves evasion of local immune mechanisms and adherence to epithelial cells. several studies have demonstrated that human milk is protective against h. influenzae colonization and disease. in the present study, we examined the effect of human milk on the h. influenzae iga1 protease and hap a ... | 1998 | 9770539 |
| recent advances: medical microbiology. | 1998 | 9774296 | |
| detection of point mutations associated with resistance of helicobacter pylori to clarithromycin by hybridization in liquid phase. | when the standard procedure for determining antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria is used, the results are delayed, especially for bacteria that grow slowly, such as helicobacter pylori. treatment for this bacterium may involve clarithromycin, a compound for which resistance has been associated with point mutations on the 23s rrna gene. this resistance is currently found in organisms isolated from 0 to 15% of patients and jeopardizes the success of the treatment. we have designed a test involvin ... | 1998 | 9774580 |
| correlation between presence of viable bacteria and presence of endotoxin in middle-ear effusions. | the presence of endotoxin (detected by the limulus amebocyte lysate assay) was compared to the presence of viable haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis (detected by pcr) in 106 middle-ear effusions from pediatric patients with chronic otitis media. endotoxin was found in 81 of the 106 specimens. of these 81 specimens, 66 (81.5%) also tested positive for one or both of the gram-negative bacteria h. influenzae and m. catarrhalis. the data suggest that viable gram-negative bacteria, dete ... | 1998 | 9774611 |
| bacterial lactoferrin receptors. | lactoferrin is thought to play a pivotal role in prevention of infection in the host and its ability to sequester iron from potential pathogens has been considered an important component of its antimicrobial function. a number of bacterial species in the neisseriaceae have developed a mechanism for acquiring iron directly from this host glycoprotein which involves surface receptors capable of specifically binding lactoferrin. initial attempts at identifying the receptor proteins in neisseria and ... | 1998 | 9781351 |
| sinusitis in neurologically impaired children. | the microbiologic features of infected sinus aspirates in nine children with neurologic impairment were studied. anaerobic bacteria, always mixed with aerobic and facultative bacteria, were isolated in 6 (67%) aspirates and aerobic bacteria only in 3 (33%). there were 24 bacterial isolates, 12 aerobic or facultative and 12 anaerobic. the predominant aerobic isolates were klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, and staphylococcus aureus (2 each) and proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, hae ... | 1998 | 9781990 |
| [the etiology of sporadic acute pneumonia in children]. | the complex microbiological study of tracheobronchial washings and the detection of antibodies to surface components of whole bacterial cells in the indirect fluorescence test permitted the determination of the pneumococcal etiology of acute pneumonia (ap) in 134 children aged 1 month to 13 years (97.1%). in the course of ap 13 patients (9.4%) were found to have acute infectious processes caused by haemophilus influenzae (5 cases), different enterobacteria (4 cases), moraxella catarrhalis (2 cas ... | 1998 | 9783407 |
| antigenic diversity and gene polymorphisms in haemophilus influenzae. | 1998 | 9784503 | |
| otitis media: focus on antimicrobial resistance and new treatment options. | antimicrobial resistance among organisms that cause acute otitis media (aom) and new approaches in the prevention and treatment of aom are discussed. organisms commonly responsible for causing aom include streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. the evolution of pneumococcal resistance to penicillins, erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and oral cephalosporins may require treatment with agents such as vancomycin or rifampin in certain patients. h. inf ... | 1998 | 9784768 |
| mucosal immunity and bacteriology of the eustachian tube. | the pathogenesis of otitis media is a multifaceted process that is not completely understood. eustachian tube dysfunction plays a central but uncertain role, as do viral and bacterial microorganisms. of the latter, the three most important are streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. this article reviews the various mechanisms of infection and the immune system's response to them. | 1998 | 9787518 |
| [clinical significance of fungal and microbial associations and antibacterial therapy for treatment of chronic inflammatory respiratory tract diseases in children]. | microbiological examination applied to 270 children with chronic inflammatory and relapsing respiratory tract diseases revealed that by the frequency of the etiologically significant organisms the main pathogens isolated from the bronchial secretion belonged to haemophilus influenzae, then followed streptococcus pneumoniae and the less frequent isolates belonged to branhamella catarrhalis characterized by high susceptibility to the 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins, erythromycin and azithrom ... | 1998 | 9791682 |
| bay 12-8039, a novel fluoroquinolone. activity against important respiratory tract pathogens. | bay 12-8039 or moxifloxacin is a new 8-methoxyquinolone with documented, improved activity against gram-positive cocci and anaerobic bacteria. this study tested 1250 commonly isolated respiratory tract pathogens (251 moraxella catarrhalis, 499 haemophilus influenzae, 500 streptococcus pneumoniae) from 1996-1997 clinical infections at more than 30 medical centers. among the m. catarrhalis strains (81% beta-lactamase-positive) the bay 12-8039 mic90 was 0.06 microgram/ml, a potency equal to ofloxac ... | 1998 | 9791757 |
| [in vitro activity of trovafloxacin in 238 respiratory pathogens]. | the in vitro activity of trovafloxacin against 238 clinical isolates obtained from respiratory specimens were compared with ciprofloxacin. fifty-four haemophilus influenzae, 58 streptococcus pneumoniae, 40 moraxella catarrhalis, 21 streptococcus pyogenes, 25 klebsiella pneumoniae and 40 staphylococcus aureus (21 methicillin resistant and 19 methicillin susceptible) were studied. the mic was determined following nccls recommendations. ciprofloxacin and trovafloxacin mic90 was 0.016 mg/l and 0.016 ... | 1998 | 9795289 |
| tuberculosis of bones and joints: diagnostic approaches. | mycobacterial and routine aerobic and anaerobic cultures were made prospectively from 22 patients with bone and/or joint tuberculosis. mycobacteria were found on direct smear in 6 patients (27.3%), on culture in 14 (63.6%) and on histological section in 5 (22.7%). in one patient routine culture at operation revealed growth of nocardia asteroides and moraxella catarrhalis in addition to a positive culture of mycobacteria. routine sinus culture showed growth of staphylococcus epidermis in 3 out of ... | 1998 | 9795812 |
| activities of new fluoroquinolones against fluoroquinolone-resistant pathogens of the lower respiratory tract. | the activities of six new fluoroquinolones (moxifloxacin, grepafloxacin, gatifloxacin, trovafloxacin, clinafloxacin, and levofloxacin) compared with those of sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin with or without reserpine (20 microg/ml) were determined for 19 streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, 5 haemophilus sp. isolates, and 10 pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin from patients with clinically confirmed lower respiratory tract infections. based upon the mics at ... | 1998 | 9797232 |
| activity of hmr 3647 compared to those of five agents against haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis by mic determination and time-kill assay. | the microdilution mics of hmr 3647, erythromycin a, azithromycin, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and pristinamycin against 50/90% of 249 haemophilus influenzae and 50 moraxella catarrhalis isolates were 2/4, 0.06/0.125; 8/16, 0.25/0.25; 2/4, 0.06/0.125; 16/16, 0.25/0.25; 32/>32, 1/2; and 2/4, 0.5/0.5 microg/ml. azithromycin was bactericidal against all 10 h. influenzae and 3 of 5 m. catarrhalis isolates and hmr 3647, erythromycin a, clarithromycin, roxithromycin, and pristinamycin were bacterios ... | 1998 | 9797250 |
| overview of the clinical features of cefixime. | third-generation cephalosporins in oral formulations have become an increasingly important first-line choice against common bacterial infections. cefixime is one such agent, which possesses excellent efficacy against a broad spectrum of pathogens, including haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis. clinical success rates are similar to cefaclor, clarithromycin, and other cephalosporins. importantly, cefixime also possesses excellent activity against beta-lactama ... | 1998 | 9797415 |
| cefixime in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections and otitis media. | an increasing number of clinical failures has been noted after treatment of upper respiratory tract infection and acute otitis media with conventional antibiotics. at present, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and group a beta-hemolytic streptococcus (gabhs) are the bacterial pathogens most frequently responsible for these infections. although gabhs has so far not developed penicillin resistance, the frequency of bacteriological failures with either benzathi ... | 1998 | 9797419 |
| medical therapy of otitis media: use, abuse, efficacy, and morbidity. | objective: otitis media (om) is one of the most common paediatric disorders encountered by primary care physicians. streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis are the principal pathogens responsible for om. as a result of the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, the use of antimicrobial therapy in om has come under close scrutiny. amoxicillin remains the most appropriate option for initial empiric therapy of acute otitis media (aom). the duration of ... | 1998 | 9800637 |
| pathogens isolated during treatment failures in otitis. | a prospective study in the paris region to evaluate the clinical and bacteriologic epidemiology of acute otitis media in infants in whom oral antibiotic therapy resulted in clinical failure. | 1998 | 9802629 |
| treatment of children with secretory otitis media (som) with amoxicillin and clavulanic acid (spektramox) or penicillin-v (primcillin). bacteriological findings in the nasopharynx before and after treatment. | a total of 386 children, aged 1-10, with secretory otitis media for at least 3 months were randomly allocated to 2 or 4 weeks' treatment with penicillin-v (primcillin) or amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (spektramox). spektramox was superior (p < 0.01) to primcillin in eradicating haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis from the nasopharynx. no difference was noted for streptococcus pneumoniae and haemolytic streptococci, gr. a, b, c, g. no increase in the number of beta-lactamase-produc ... | 1998 | 9804023 |
| synthesis, spectral and antimicrobial properties of 5-chloroarylidene aromatic derivatives of imidazoline-4-one. | the synthesis of new chloro-benzylidene substituted derivatives of hydantoin and their antimicrobial activity is reported. the structure-activity relationships showed that the antibacterial effect of investigated compounds depends on the distance of the phenyl ring from the amine residue and the kind of substitutes on the phenyl ring. in the investigated group of derivatives, 5-(2-chlorobenzylidene)-2-(4-fluorobenzylamine)-imidazoline-4-one and 5-(2-chlorobenzylidene)-2-(2-phenylethylamine)-imid ... | 1998 | 9812333 |
| enhancement of pulmonary clearance of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis following immunization with outer membrane protein cd in a mouse model. | moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis is an important human respiratory tract pathogen. outer membrane protein (omp) cd is highly conserved among strains and has characteristics that indicate it may be an effective vaccine antigen. this study investigated the effect of immunization with omp cd on pulmonary clearance following intratracheal challenge of mice with m. catarrhalis. two routes of immunization were studied: mucosal immunization (intra-peyer's patch followed by intratracheal boost) and i ... | 1998 | 9815219 |
| discrimination between apo and iron-loaded forms of transferrin by transferrin binding protein b and its n-terminal subfragment. | many pathogens of the pasteurellaceae and neisseriaceae possess a surface receptor that binds transferrin (tf) as an initial step in an iron acquisition process. this receptor is comprised of two proteins, transferrin binding protein a (tbpa) and transferrin binding protein b (tbpb). since the ability to recognize the iron-loaded form of tf preferentially would be a useful attribute of these receptors, we examined this property in a number of bacterial species. in solid-phase binding assays with ... | 1998 | 9817820 |
| evolution of streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes and antibiotic resistance in spain: update (1990 to 1996). | 1998 | 9817852 | |
| 16s ribosomal dna typing for identification of pathogens in patients with bacterial keratitis. | the identification of pathogens in patients with bacterial keratitis remains problematic because standard diagnostic tests are negative for 40 to 60% of patients. a cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine if pcr and sequence analysis of 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) could be used to detect bacterial pathogens in patients with keratitis. corneal specimens were collected for culture and rdna typing. variable segments of each rdna specimen were amplified by pcr, sequenced, and aligned with the ... | 1998 | 9817860 |
| molecular epidemiology of ampicillin-resistant non-beta-lactamase-producing haemophilus influenzae. | resistance to ampicillin without beta-lactamase production is not a frequent occurrence among haemophilus influenzae strains. this kind of resistance is encountered in unencapsulated strains isolated from bronchial secretions and ear, nose, and throat specimens and is exceptional in h. influenzae type b. we studied 29 of these strains from various areas in france and 2 reference strains. strains were compared by using ribotyping, arbitarily primed pcr with two primers, and pulsed-field gel elect ... | 1998 | 9817886 |
| cd40 engagement triggers switching to iga1 and iga2 in human b cells through induction of endogenous tgf-beta: evidence for tgf-beta but not il-10-dependent direct s mu-->s alpha and sequential s mu-->s gamma, s gamma-->s alpha dna recombination. | iga are major effectors of antimicrobial defense in the respiratory and digestive tracts. we have analyzed the requirements for and the modalities of switching to iga using our recently identified monoclonal model of human germinal center differentiation, cl-01 b cells. cl-01 cells bear surface igm (sigm) and sigd and switch to all seven downstream isotypes in response to physiologic stimuli. in these cells, cd40 engagement by cd40 ligand induces production of endogenous tgf-beta and il-10, expr ... | 1998 | 9820493 |
| antimicrobial activity of merocyanine 540: a photosensitizing dye. | the antimicrobial activity of merocyanine 540 (mc 540), a photosensitizing dye previously used to purge malignant cells from autologous bone marrow grafts, was evaluated against a panel of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and candida albicans in the presence and absence of light. in the absence of light, mc 540 demonstrated no antibacterial activity against any of the organisms tested. when combined with increasing intervals of photoillumination, growth inhibition was observed with all g ... | 1998 | 9823532 |
| fluoroquinolone-resistant moraxella catarrhalis in a patient with pneumonia: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (1998). | fluoroquinolone resistance in moraxella catarrhalis isolates has been quite rare. this report presents a case history of a 22-year-old man with compromised immune status and severe pneumonia caused by m. catarrhalis. the organism was markedly resistant (mics, 1.5- > 32 micrograms/ml) to several marketed fluoroquinolones including the agent (levofloxacin) used for concurrent and prior therapy. the emergence of this problematic strain seems related to chronic exposure of the patient to compounds i ... | 1998 | 9823538 |
| etiology, susceptibility, and treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of complicated chronic bronchitis in the primary care setting: ciprofloxacin 750 mg b.i.d. versus clarithromycin 500 mg b.i.d. bronchitis study group. | although controversial, antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (aecb) appears beneficial in patients with a history of repeated infections, those who have comorbid illnesses, and those with marked airway obstruction. in a community-based, open, randomized trial, the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin (cip) 750 mg and clarithromycin (cla) 500 mg, each given twice daily for 10 days, were compared in 2180 patients with aecb (1083 cip, 1097 cla). patie ... | 1998 | 9829441 |
| etiology of childhood pneumonia: serologic results of a prospective, population-based study. | to investigate the etiology of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia, we conducted a prospective, population-based study covering the total population <15 years of age (n = 8851) in 4 municipalities in eastern finland. | 1998 | 9849979 |
| pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of new and old antimicrobial agents for acute otitis media. | selection of appropriate antibiotic treatment for children with acute otitis media (aom) is challenging. although the diagnosis is relatively easy for experienced clinicians, the distinction between aom and otitis media with effusion is often more subtle. in general therapy is empiric and the pathogen causing disease in a given patient remains unknown. however, this situation is made even more difficult by the dynamic nature of the pathogenesis of aom. both the proportion of patients infected wi ... | 1998 | 9850001 |
| rapid identification of nine microorganisms causing acute respiratory tract infections by single-tube multiplex reverse transcription-pcr: feasibility study. | acute respiratory tract infections (aris) are leading causes of morbidity and, in developing countries, mortality in children. a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) assay was developed to allow in one test the detection of nine different microorganisms (enterovirus, influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus [rsv], parainfluenzaviruses type 1 and type 3, adenovirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and chlamydia pneumoniae) that do not usually colonize the respiratory tracts of humans ... | 1999 | 9854054 |
| nitrogen-carbon-linked (azolylphenyl)oxazolidinones with potent antibacterial activity against the fastidious gram-negative organisms haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. | 1998 | 9857083 | |
| [bacterial flora in pharyngitis and tonsillitis]. | the aim of the study was a microbiological analysis of pharyngeal swabs obtained from 158 patients with the diagnosis of pharyngitis and purulent exudates from the tonsillar crypts of 10 patients treated for chronic purulent tonsillitis. beta haemolytic streptococci groups a, b, c and g were isolated from 30% of the patients. the most frequently isolated were streptococcus pyogenes--12% of patients and streptococcus group c--10.7%. other streptococci were isolated less frequently: streptococcus ... | 1998 | 9857615 |
| [the impact of bronchial colonization in the quality of life of patients with chronic, stable bronchitis]. | the aim of this study was to determine the impact of respiratory function and bacterial colonization of the lower airway on the quality of life of patients with chronic, stable bronchitis (cb). | 1998 | 9859087 |
| adhesin expression in matched nasopharyngeal and middle ear isolates of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae from children with acute otitis media. | the hmw1 and hmw2 proteins, hia, and hemagglutinating pili are important adherence factors in nontypeable haemophilus influenzae. to gain insight into the relative importance of these adhesins in nasopharyngeal colonization and localized respiratory tract disease, we assessed their expression in matched nasopharyngeal and middle ear isolates of nontypeable h. influenzae from 17 children with acute otitis media. in all patients, including 11 with bilateral disease, the matched isolates were isoge ... | 1999 | 9864255 |
| microbiologic characteristics of persistent otitis media. | to identify the pathogens isolated from children with acute otitis media who did not respond to antimicrobial drug therapy. | 1998 | 9865757 |
| etiology of respiratory tract infection in adults in a general practice setting. | a prospective study was conducted over a 3-month winter period in three general practice clinics in an urban population in southern israel to identify the etiological agents of respiratory tract infections (rti) in adults. rti was defined as an acute febrile illness with cough, coryza, sore throat or hoarseness. serum samples were taken from all patients in both the acute and convalescent phases of their illness. tests were conducted for detection of 17 microorganisms known to cause rti, includi ... | 1998 | 9865980 |
| [the tonsils and adenoids as a site of infection and the cause of obstruction]. | the failure to eradicate group a beta-hemolytic streptococci from the pharynx is partly due to a low compliance, but above all, an alteration of the oropharyngeal microbiological flora: reduction of alpha-haemolytic streptococci which inhibit group a beta-hemolytic streptococci and increase of microorganisms such as streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis. these latter act indirectly destroying the beta-lactamic ring of penicillins. however, this obstacle is overc ... | 1998 | 9866845 |
| eradication by ceftriaxone of streptococcus pneumoniae isolates with increased resistance to penicillin in cases of acute otitis media. | this multicenter, noncomparative, nonrandomized study evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of ceftriaxone for treating acute otitis media in children following clinical failure of oral antibiotic therapy. middle-ear fluid samples were collected on day 0 and on day 3, 4, or 5 (day 3 to 5) and were used to test whether ceftriaxone therapy can eradicate streptococcus pneumoniae isolates with increased resistance to penicillin (mic >/= 1 mg/liter). at the first visit, on day 0, middle-ear flui ... | 1999 | 9869558 |
| two pharmacodynamic models for assessing the efficacy of amoxicillin-clavulanate against experimental respiratory tract infections caused by strains of streptococcus pneumoniae. | two models of respiratory tract infection were used to investigate the pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin-clavulanate against streptococcus pneumoniae. eight strains of s. pneumoniae were used in a mouse model in which the animals were infected intranasally and were then treated with a range of doses and dose intervals. the time that the plasma amoxicillin concentration remained above the mic (t>mic) correlated well with bacterial killing, such that if t>mic was below 20% there was no effect on bac ... | 1999 | 9869561 |
| efficacy of high-dose amoxicillin-clavulanate against experimental respiratory tract infections caused by strains of streptococcus pneumoniae. | the purpose of the present investigation was to determine if the efficacy of amoxicillin-clavulanate against penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae could be improved by increasing the pediatric amoxicillin unit dose (90 versus 45 mg/kg of body weight/day) while maintaining the clavulanate unit dose at 6.4 mg/kg/day. a rat pneumonia model was used. in that model approximately 6 log10 cfu of one of four strains of s. pneumoniae (amoxicillin mics, 2 microg/ml [one strain], 4 microg/ml [two s ... | 1999 | 9869562 |
| characterization of dihydrofolate reductase genes from trimethoprim-susceptible and trimethoprim-resistant strains of enterococcus faecalis. | enterococci are usually susceptible in vitro to trimethoprim; however, high-level resistance (hlr) (mics, >1,024 microg/ml) has been reported. we studied enterococcus faecalis del, for which the trimethoprim mic was >1,024 microg/ml. no transfer of resistance was achieved by broth or filter matings. two different genes that conferred trimethoprim resistance when they were cloned in escherichia coli (mics, 128 and >1,024 microg/ml) were studied. one gene that coded for a polypeptide of 165 amino ... | 1999 | 9869579 |
| increase in quinolone resistance in a haemophilus influenzae strain isolated from a patient with recurrent respiratory infections treated with ofloxacin. | the increase in the level of quinolone resistance of haemophilus influenzae clinical isolates during ofloxacin therapy of a patient with recurrent respiratory infections was investigated. the first isolate (mic of ciprofloxacin of 2 microg/ml) and the second isolate (mic of 32 microg/ml) belonged to the same clone, as shown by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and the increase in the resistance level was associated with a substitution in ser-84 to arg in the parc protein. these results emphasize ... | 1999 | 9869583 |
| serum antibodies specific to cd outer membrane protein of moraxella catarrhalis, p6 outer membrane protein of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae and capsular polysaccharides of streptococcus pneumoniae in children with otitis media with effusion. | we measured the levels of serum igg antibodies to cd outer membrane protein of moraxella catarrhalis, p6 outer membrane protein of non-typeable haemophilus influenzae and capsular polysaccharides of streptococcus pneumoniae in 168 children with otitis media with effusion (ome) who were followed prospectively, using elisa. serum igg antibodies to cd, p6 and pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides were detected in all samples. the anti-pneumococcal polysaccharides antibody level was highest, followe ... | 1998 | 9870628 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of important pathogens of bacterial respiratory tract infections in northeast germany]. | there is still a lack of comprehensive study results about resistance of bacterial respiratory pathogens from the east of the federal republic of germany. | 1998 | 9872042 |
| the effect of pseudomonas aeruginosa infection on clinical parameters in steady-state bronchiectasis. | to investigate the effect of pseudomonas aeruginosa infection on clinical parameters in chinese patients with noncystic fibrosis and steady-state bronchiectasis. | 1998 | 9872194 |
| bacteriologic efficacy of a three-day intramuscular ceftriaxone regimen in nonresponsive acute otitis media. | to determine the bacteriologic efficacy of ceftriaxone in nonresponsive acute otitis media in children. | 1998 | 9877360 |
| the identification of response regulators of branhamella catarrhalis using pcr. | potential response regulator gene fragments from the genome of branhamella (moraxella) catarrhalis were isolated by pcr using degenerate oligonucleotide primers. dna sequence analysis of several cloned pcr products with similar restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) patterns revealed that the cloned gene fragment had significant homology to members of the ompr sub-family of response regulator genes, including 61% identity with the phob gene of haemophilus influenzae. the derived amino acid sequ ... | 1998 | 9879927 |
| outer-membrane antigen expression by moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis influences pulmonary clearance. | moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis is a common respiratory tract pathogen in man. the bacterium shows a strong tendency to form aggregates in vitro. a variant strain of m. catarrhalis that showed a reduced tendency to form aggregates was selected by successive in-vitro passage in broth culture from which aggregates had settled. the non-clumping variant strain showed alteration in expression of outer-membrane antigens, including the hmw-omp, an outer-membrane protein of c. 200 kda, outer-membran ... | 1998 | 9879959 |
| [study on bacteremia due to community-acquired infection in infants and children without underlying diseases]. | between july 1988 and june 1998, 22 pediatric patients without underlying diseases were diagnosed as bacteremia caused by community-acquired infection in asahikawa kosei hospital. the age range of the patients was from 7 days to 4 years. their diseases were meningitis in 6, urinary tract infection in 6, respiratory tract infection in 4, skin infection in 2, and unknown origin in 4. the causative organisms were escherichia coli in 7, haemophilus influenzae in 4, streptococcus pneumoniae in 4, sta ... | 1998 | 9884506 |
| evaluation of amplicor neisseria gonorrhoeae pcr using cppb nested pcr and 16s rrna pcr. | certain strains of neisseria subflava and neisseria cinerea are known to produce false-positive results with the amplicor neisseria gonorrhoeae pcr (roche diagnostic systems, branchburg, n.j.). the analytical sensitivity and analytical specificity of three pcr tests were assessed with 3 geographically diverse n. gonorrhoeae strains and 30 non-n. gonorrhoeae neisseria spp. the sensitivities of the in-house nested cppb gene and the 16s rrna pcr methods were greater than that of the amplicor n. gon ... | 1999 | 9889224 |
| comparison of randomly amplified polymorphic dna analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for typing of moraxella catarrhalis strains. | randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) for the analysis of 13 moraxella catarrhalis isolates, 11 successive strains isolated from sputa of five children and 2 isolates obtained the same day from twins, were compared. rapd and pfge both yielded nine types from the 13 isolates, showing a chronic colonization with one strain in three patients and a successive colonization with different strains in two patients. the promising results obtained with rapd ... | 1999 | 9889241 |
| binding and utilization of human transferrin by prevotella nigrescens. | to survive and multiply within their hosts, pathogens must possess efficient iron-scavenging mechanisms. in the present study, we investigate the capacity of prevotella nigrescens and prevotella intermedia to use various sources of iron for growth and characterize the transferrin-binding activity of p. nigrescens. iron-saturated human transferrin and lactoferrin, but not ferric chloride and the iron-free form of transferrin, could be used as sources of iron by p. nigrescens and p. intermedia. ne ... | 1999 | 9916061 |
| neisseria gonorrhoeae mutants altered in toxicity to human fallopian tubes and molecular characterization of the genetic locus involved. | in an effort to identify potential cytotoxins expressed by neisseria gonorrhoeae, we have identified a locus that, when mutated in the gonococcus, results in a significant increase in toxicity of the strain to human fallopian tube organ cultures (hftoc). this locus, gly1, contains two open reading frames (orfs) which are likely cotranscribed. orf1 encodes a polypeptide of 17.8 kda with a signal sequence that is recognized and processed in escherichia coli and n. gonorrhoeae. the 15.6-kda process ... | 1999 | 9916071 |
| use of an isogenic mutant constructed in moraxella catarrhalis to identify a protective epitope of outer membrane protein b1 defined by monoclonal antibody 11c6. | moraxella catarrhalis-induced otitis media continues to be a significant cause of infection in young children, prompting increased efforts at identifying effective vaccine antigens. we have previously demonstrated that m. catarrhalis expresses specific outer membrane proteins (omps) in response to iron limitation and that this organism can utilize transferrin and lactoferrin for in vitro growth. one of these proteins, which binds human transferrin, is omp b1. as the human host presents a natural ... | 1999 | 9916077 |
| escherichia coli atcc 35218 as a quality control isolate for susceptibility testing of haemophilus influenzae with haemophilus test medium. | current national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) susceptibility guidelines for quality control testing with haemophilus influenzae do not include a beta-lactamase-producing strain that could detect the deterioration of the beta-lactamase inhibitor components of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin-sulbactam, and piperacillin-tazobactam. the objective of the study was to determine if comparable quality control results for escherichia coli atcc 35218, a beta-lactamase-produc ... | 1999 | 9925519 |
| activities of newer fluoroquinolones against streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates including those with mutations in the gyra, parc, and pare loci. | resistance to fluoroquinolone (fq) antibiotics in streptococcus pneumoniae has been attributed primarily to specific mutations in the genes for dna gyrase (gyra and gyrb) and topoisomerase iv (parc and pare). resistance to some fqs can result from a single mutation in one or more of the genes encoding these essential enzymes. a group of 160 clinical isolates of pneumococci was examined in this study, including 36 ofloxacin-resistant isolates (mics, > or = 8 micrograms/ml) recovered from patients ... | 1999 | 9925527 |
| haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections: antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (united states and canada, 1997). | between february and june of 1997, a large number of community-acquired respiratory tract isolates of haemophilus influenzae (n = 1,077) and moraxella catarrhalis (n = 503) from 27 u.s. and 7 canadian medical centers were characterized as part of the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program. overall prevalences of beta-lactamase production were 33.5% in h. influenzae and 92.2% in m. catarrhalis with no differences noted between isolates recovered in the united states and those from canada. amon ... | 1999 | 9925540 |
| the relationship between the volume of antimicrobial consumption in human communities and the frequency of resistance. | the threat to human health posed by antibiotic resistance is of growing concern. many commensal and pathogenic organisms have developed resistance to well established and newer antibiotics. the major selection pressure driving changes in the frequency of antibiotic resistance is the volume of drug use. however, establishing a quantitative relationship between the frequency of resistance and volume of drug use has proved difficult. using population genetic methods and epidemiological observations ... | 1999 | 9927709 |
| strategies for dealing with amoxicillin failure in acute otitis media. | acute otitis media is the most common bacterial infection in pediatric patients. the predominant pathogens of acute otitis media are streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. traditionally, amoxicillin has been the first-line therapeutic choice for patients with uncomplicated acute otitis media. however, with the increasing isolation of beta-lactamase-producing organisms and penicillin-resistant s pneumoniae, the frequency of amoxicillin treatment failures also ... | 1999 | 9932075 |
| [protein antigens of branhamella (moraxella) catarrhalis and neisseria meningitidis]. | 1998 | 9949519 | |
| isolation of pathogenic bacteria from induced sputum from hospitalized children with pneumonia in bangladesh. | a prospective study was carried out on 157 patients admitted to a paediatric hospital in dhaka, bangladesh to determine the bacteria present in the induced sputum of paediatric patients with x-ray proven pneumonia. their ages ranged from 21 days to 11 years; 65 per cent of them were male and 35 per cent were female. the most affected age group was between 6 months and 2 years old. respiratory secretions produced by induced cough were taken by swab from the oropharynx for culture and smear. the p ... | 1998 | 9972076 |
| nested duplex pcr to detect bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis and its application in diagnosis of pertussis in nonmetropolitan southeast queensland, australia. | a duplex pcr to detect bordetella pertussis and bordetella parapertussis was developed with the insertion sequences is481 (b. pertussis) and is1001 (b. parapertussis) and evaluated with specimens from 520 consecutive patients presenting with possible pertussis. no culture-positive-pcr-negative results occurred, giving the method a sensitivity of 100%. for b. pertussis, 58 of 520 patients (11.2%) were positive by pcr compared to 17 of 520 patients positive (3.3%) by culture. for b. parapertussis, ... | 1999 | 9986820 |
| application of pbp1a pcr in identification of penicillin-resistant streptococcus pneumoniae. | a seminested pcr assay, based on the amplification of the pneumococcal pbp1a gene, was developed for the detection of penicillin resistance in clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae. the assay was able to differentiate between intermediate (mics = 0.25 to 0.5 microgram/ml) and higher-level (mics = >/=1 microgram/ml) resistance. two species-specific primers, 1a-1 and 1a-2, which amplified a 1,043-bp region of the pbp1a penicillin-binding region, were used for pneumococcal detection. two re ... | 1999 | 9986824 |
| usefulness of pcr and antigen latex agglutination test with samples obtained by transthoracic needle aspiration for diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia. | in a large number of cases, the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is not established. some cases are probably caused by streptococcus pneumoniae. transthoracic needle aspiration (tna) culture has a limited sensitivity which might be improved by antigen detection or gene amplification techniques. we evaluated the capacity of a pcr assay and a latex agglutination test to detect s. pneumoniae in samples obtained by tna from 95 patients with moderate-to-severe cap. latex agglutination a ... | 1999 | 9986837 |
| studies to establish quality control ranges for sb-265805 (lb2030) when using national committee for laboratory standards antimicrobial susceptibility test methods. quality control study group. | 1999 | 9988595 | |
| the levels and bactericidal capacity of antibodies directed against the uspa1 and uspa2 outer membrane proteins of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis in adults and children. | the uspa1 and uspa2 proteins from moraxella catarrhalis share antigenic epitopes and are promising vaccine candidates. in this study, the levels and bactericidal activities of antibodies in sera from healthy adults and children toward uspa1 and uspa2 from the o35e strain were measured. human sera contained antibodies to both proteins, and the levels of immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies were age dependent. adult sera had significantly higher titers of igg than child sera (p < 0.01). the igg3 tite ... | 1999 | 10024576 |
| characterization of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis lbpb, lbpa, and lactoferrin receptor orf3 isogenic mutants. | pathogenic members of the family neisseriaceae produce specific receptors to acquire iron from their host's lactoferrin and transferrin. recently, putative moraxella catarrhalis lactoferrin receptor genes and a third open reading frame (lbpb, lbpa, and orf3) were cloned and sequenced. we describe the preliminary characterization of isogenic mutants deficient in lbpb, lbpa, or orf3 protein. | 1999 | 10024604 |
| the effect of cigarette smoke on adherence of respiratory pathogens to buccal epithelial cells. | smoking is associated with an increased risk of respiratory tract infection in adults. in children, exposure to cigarette smoke is a risk factor for respiratory tract infection and bacterial meningitis: active smoking and passive exposure to cigarette smoke is also associated with carriage of some potentially pathogenic species of bacteria in both adults and children. the aims of the study were to determine the effect of active smoking on: (1) bacterial binding to epithelial cells; (2) expressio ... | 1999 | 10030544 |
| transmission electron microscopy studies of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | a trypsin-sensitive 200-kda protein has been reported to be exclusively associated with haemagglutinating isolates of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. transmission electron microscopy studies revealed that haemagglutination by m. catarrhalis to both human and rabbit erythrocytes was mediated by a trypsin-sensitive outer fibrillar coat. this fibrillar layer was absent on non-haemagglutinating isolates examined. immuno-electron microscopy, using a polyclonal antiserum containing antibodies to ... | 1999 | 10030548 |
| in vitro activities of aminomethyl-substituted analogs of novel tetrahydrofuranyl carbapenems. | cl 188,624, cl 190,294, and cl 191,121 are novel aminomethyl tetrahydrofuranyl (thf)-1 beta-methylcarbapenems. the in vitro antibacterial activities of these thf carbapenems were evaluated and compared with those of biapenem, imipenem, and meropenem against 554 recent clinical isolates obtained from geographically distinct medical centers across north america. the antibacterial activities of the thf carbapenems were equivalent to that of biapenem, and the thf carbapenems were slightly more activ ... | 1999 | 10049250 |
| comparative in vitro activities of amoxicillin-clavulanate against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from antral puncture specimens from patients with sinusitis. | by an agar dilution method, the antimicrobial susceptibilities of antral sinus puncture isolates were studied. pneumococci were generally susceptible to amoxicillin, azithromycin, and clarithromycin, but 17% of pneumococcal isolates were resistant to cefuroxime. haemophilus influenzae isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and clarithromycin. beta-lactamase production occurred in 69% of prevotella species. one-third of peptostreptococcus magnus isolates were resistant to azithromycin and clarith ... | 1999 | 10049296 |
| ketolide treatment of haemophilus influenzae experimental pneumonia. | the mics of hmr 3004 and hmr 3647 at which 90% of beta-lactamase-producing haemophilus influenzae isolates were inhibited were 4 and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively. both hmr 3004 and hmr 3647 were active against beta-lactamase-producing h. influenzae in a murine model of experimental pneumonia. as assessed by pulmonary clearance of h. influenzae, hmr 3004 was more effective (p < 0.05) than was azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, erythromycin a, pristinamycin, or hmr 3647 in this model. | 1999 | 10049297 |
| comparative activity of quinupristin/dalfopristin and rpr 106972 and the effect of medium on in-vitro test results. | quinupristin/dalfopristin and rpr 106972 were active in vitro against a wide range of aerobic gram-positive organisms including enterococcus faecium. however, most isolates of enterococcus faecalis were resistant or of intermediate sensitivity. against staphylococcus aureus quinupristin/dalfopristin was more active but for all other species the range of activity of the two drugs was the same or rpr 106972 was more active. rpr 106972 was also more active against the respiratory pathogens haemophi ... | 1998 | 10052893 |
| predisposing factors to bacterial colonization in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | the aim of this prospective observational study was to determine those factors influencing bacterial colonization in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). eighty-eight outpatients with stable copd and 20 patients with normal spirometry and chest radiography (controls) had a fibreoptic bronchoscopy performed with topical aerosol anaesthesia. bacterial colonization was determined using the protected specimen brush (psb) with a cut-off > or = 10(3) colony-forming units ... | 1999 | 10065679 |
| immunoglobulin subclass distribution and diagnostic value of leishmania donovani antigen-specific immunoglobulin g3 in indian kala-azar patients. | visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, a fatal tropical disease, remains problematic, as early diagnosis is difficult and treatment often results in drug resistance and relapse. we have developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts (lag) to detect specific antibody responses in 25 untreated indian visceral leishmaniasis patients. to investigate the pathogenetic significance of isotype markers in kala-azar, relative levels of specifi ... | 1999 | 10066659 |
| [evaluation of mycobacterium kansasii isolates from a clinical laboratory in a city hospital]. | fifteen isolates of mycobacterium kansasii in showa university fujigaoka hospital between 1982 and 1995 were investigated. comparing by gender, 13 were isolated from male patients and only two were isolated from female patients. the average of cases was 48 years old and 14 out of 15 cases (93%) were isolated from respiratory tract specimens. the rate of the smear- and culture-positives was 64%, which was significantly higher than that (26%) of m. avium complex (p < 0.01 by chi 2 test). all 4 iso ... | 1999 | 10067052 |
| [a consideration on the results of nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibilities--gram-positive cocci and gram-negative cocci]. | the results of the semi-annual nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibilities, conducted by the japanese ministry of health and welfare during the period of january 1993 to july 1995, were analyzed for typical gram-positive cocci and gram-negative cocci in the purpose of provision of an index for antimicrobial selection. during these 3 years, streptococcus pyogenes (group a) and streptococcus agalactiae (group b) showed slightly increasing tendency in susceptibility to ofloxacin (oflx ... | 1998 | 10077775 |
| ciprofloxacin versus cefuroxime axetil in the treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis. sinusitis infection study group. | this study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin to cefuroxime axetil for the management of acute bacterial sinusitis or acute exacerbations of chronic sinusitis. | 1999 | 10077777 |
| intravenous azithromycin. | to review the pharmacology, microbiology, chemistry, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, tolerability, dosage, administration, and economic issues of intravenous azithromycin. | 1999 | 10084418 |
| middle ear fluid cytokine and inflammatory cell kinetics in the chinchilla otitis media model. | streptococcus pneumoniae is the most frequent microbe causing middle ear infection. the pathophysiology of pneumococcal otitis media has been characterized by measurement of local inflammatory mediators such as inflammatory cells, lysozyme, oxidative metabolic products, and inflammatory cytokines. the role of cytokines in bacterial infection has been elucidated with animal models, and interleukin (il)-1beta, il-6, and il-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) are recognized as being impor ... | 1999 | 10085040 |
| effectiveness of short-course therapy (5 days) with grepafloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | three hundred eighty-nine patients were enrolled in a double-masked, multicenter, randomized clinical trial comparing the clinical and bacteriologic efficacies and safety of a 5-day course (n = 195) versus a 10-day course (n = 194) of grepafloxacin 400 mg once daily in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (abecb). patients in the 5-day treatment group received placebo on days 6 through 10. bacteriologic assessments were based on cultures of sputum specimens obtain ... | 1999 | 10090434 |
| spectrum and antimicrobial activity of alexomycin (pnu-82, 127), a peptide compound projected for use in animal health. | alexomycin (pnu-82, 127) is a thiopeptide antimicrobial complex intended for veterinary practice that belongs to a series of cyclic peptides produced by streptomyces arginensis. mics against selected routine and fastidious clinical isolates of animal and human origin were determined by broth microdilution or agar dilution reference methods. alexomycin was active against gram-positive pathogens such as oxacillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci ... | 1999 | 10092967 |
| hmbr, a hemoglobin-binding outer membrane protein of neisseria meningitidis, undergoes phase variation. | neisseria meningitidis uses hemoglobin (hb) as an iron source via two tonb-dependent outer membrane receptors, hmbr and hpub. analysis of 25 epidemiologically unrelated clinical isolates from serogroups a, b, c, and y revealed that 64% strains possessed both hb receptor genes. examination of the hmbr expression pattern in strains in which the hpub gene was genetically inactivated revealed two distinct hb utilization phenotypes. five strains retained the ability to grow as a confluent lawn, while ... | 1999 | 10094683 |
| moraxella catarrhalis endocarditis: report of a case and literature review. | a 53-year-old man developed severe acute systemic illness three weeks after an upper respiratory tract infection. serial blood cultures grew moraxella catarrhalis. during antibiotic treatment, fever and infectious parameters disappeared, but severe aortic regurgitation developed. aortic valve replacement was performed, during which extensive destruction of the aortic valve was noted. endocarditis due to m. catarrhalis is very rare with, to our knowledge, only six cases having been reported to da ... | 1999 | 10096493 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of a novel glycylcycline, the 9-t-butylglycylamido derivative of minocycline (gar-936). | the 9-t-butylglycylamido derivative of minocycline (tbg-mino) is a recently synthesized member of a novel group of antibiotics, the glycylcyclines. this new derivative, like the first glycylcyclines, the n,n-dimethylglycylamido derivative of minocycline and 6-demethyl-6-deoxytetracycline, possesses activity against bacterial isolates containing the two major determinants responsible for tetracycline resistance: ribosomal protection and active efflux. the in vitro activities of tbg-mino and the c ... | 1999 | 10103174 |
| in vitro activities of ketolides hmr 3647 [correction of hrm 3647] and hmr 3004 [correction of hrm 3004], levofloxacin, and other quinolones and macrolides against neisseria spp. and moraxella catarrhalis. | in vitro activities of the ketolides hmr 3647 [corrected] and hmr 3004 [corrected] against pathogenic neisseria gonorrhoeae and n. meningitidis, saprophytic neisseria isolates, and moraxella catarrhalis were determined. the comparison of ketolide activities with those of the other macrolides shows a much better activity in the majority of species, with macrolide mics at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited between 8- and 10-fold higher. | 1999 | 10103218 |
| combined microautoradiography-16s rrna probe technique for determination of radioisotope uptake by specific microbial cell types in situ. | we propose a novel method for studying the function of specific microbial groups in situ. since natural microbial communities are dynamic both in composition and in activities, we argue that the microbial "black box" should not be regarded as homogeneous. our technique breaks down this black box with group-specific fluorescent 16s rrna probes and simultaneously determines 3h-substrate uptake by each of the subgroups present via microautoradiography (mar). total direct counting, fluorescent in si ... | 1999 | 10103276 |
| comparison of two rapid methods used in the identification of haemophilus and moraxella species. | both haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis cause pneumonia in children and adults. the timely isolation and identification of these two organisms is important for the initiation of antibiotic therapy. this paper compares two commercial systems with traditional biochemical methods with respect to accuracy, cost and turn-around-time. | 1991 | 10119493 |
| choosing between the new cephalosporin antibiotics: a pharmacodynamic approach. | the use of pharmacodynamic properties when formulating antibacterial administration guidelines can maximise the potential for efficacy while minimising the risk of toxicity. aminoglycosides and quinolones demonstrate concentration-dependent bactericidal killing, which is maximised when their concentrations appreciably exceed their minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) for an organism. beta-lactams demonstrate time-dependent or concentration-independent bactericidal killing, which is maximised ... | 1994 | 10147287 |
| moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis: clinical, microbiological and immunological features in lower respiratory tract infections. | 1999 | 10189833 | |
| antibodies specific to outer membrane antigens of moraxella catarrhalis in sera and middle ear effusions from children with otitis media with effusion. | recent studies have shown that bacterial dna is present in a significant percentage of middle ear effusions, suggesting that persistent bacterial infection may be more important in pathogenesis and recurrence of otitis media with effusion (ome) than previously considered. although moraxella (m.) catarrhalis is one of the most common pathogens of otitis media, relatively little is known about immune response to the organism. the objective of the present study is to investigate how systemic and lo ... | 1998 | 10190589 |
| topical ofloxacin versus systemic amoxicillin/clavulanate in purulent otorrhea in children with tympanostomy tubes. | acute otitis media (aom) in children with tympanostomy tubes in place typically presents with otorrhea (draining ear). because therapy is not standardized, various topical and systemic antibiotics of unproven efficacy and safety have been used in this indication. this study compared the safety and efficacy of ofloxacin otic solution, 0.3% (oflx) with that of augmentin oral suspension (aug) in pediatric subjects 1-12 years of age with tympanostomy tubes and acute purulent otorrhea. subjects were ... | 1998 | 10190709 |
| clinical microbiology reviews: genesis of a journal. | in 1986 planning for a new asm review journal, clinical microbiology reviews (cmr), began. cmr would publish articles primarily of interest to persons concerned with pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, epidemiology, and control of human and veterinary pathogens. the first issue was published in january 1988, with quarterly publication since then. the journal quickly became successful in terms of subscribers and impact on the field, earning a strong national and international reputation. the achi ... | 1999 | 10194455 |