Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| african swine fever virus protein pe296r is a dna repair apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease required for virus growth in swine macrophages. | we show here that the african swine fever virus (asfv) protein pe296r, predicted to be a class ii apurinic/apyrimidinic (ap) endonuclease, possesses endonucleolytic activity specific for ap sites. biochemical characterization of the purified recombinant enzyme indicated that the k(m) and catalytic efficiency values for the endonucleolytic reaction are in the range of those reported for escherichia coli endonuclease iv (endo iv) and human ape1. in addition to endonuclease activity, the asfv enzym ... | 2006 | 16641276 |
| efficacy and functionality of lipoprotein opri from pseudomonas aeruginosa as adjuvant for a subunit vaccine against classical swine fever. | bacterial lipoproteins are potent stimulators of innate immune responses and can mediate humoral and cytotoxic t cell responses without additional adjuvants. opri derived from pseudomonas aeruginosa was tested in vitro and in vivo for its adjuvant potential in the context of a classical swine fever (csf) subunit vaccine. opri activated porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells (modc), upregulating cd80/86 and mhc class ii expression, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines. opri enhanced csfv-antig ... | 2006 | 16678311 |
| characterisation of the discrepancy between pcr and virus isolation in relation to classical swine fever virus detection. | in order to confirm and characterise further the discrepancies observed between diagnostic rt-npcr and virus isolation results for the detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv), a test panel of three new rt-pcrs was designed, amplifying parts of the ns2, ns3 and ns5a regions. screening of negative samples by virus isolation with the new panel not only confirmed the discrepancies previously observed but also indicated that these were not associated with a specific genomic region. however, n ... | 2006 | 16682087 |
| a one-step multiplex real-time rt-pcr for detection and typing of bovine viral diarrhea viruses. | a one-step multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using smartcycler technology and taqman probes was developed for detection and typing of bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv). common primers and type-specific (bvdv1 and bvdv2) taqman probes were designed in the 5'-untranslated region of the viral genome. the real-time assay was able to detect 10-100 tcid50 of virus, with correlation coefficient (r2) values of 0.998 and 0.999 for bvdv1 and bvdv2, respectivel ... | 2006 | 16687219 |
| a multiplex dna suspension microarray for simultaneous detection and differentiation of classical swine fever virus and other pestiviruses. | an oligonucleotide suspension microarray (luminex microsphere system) was developed for detection and differentiation of animal pestiviruses: classical swine fever virus (csfv), bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2 (bvdv1 and bvdv2), and border disease virus (bdv). species-specific and pestivirus-common oligonucleotide probes were designed to the 5' utr region and conjugated to individual color-coded luminex carboxy beads (probe beads). target pestivirus sequences were amplified by asymmetr ... | 2006 | 16690139 |
| high ifn-alpha responses associated with depletion of lymphocytes and natural ifn-producing cells during classical swine fever. | during the acute phase of the viral hemorrhagic disease, classical swine fever (csf), a severe hematologic depletion in primary lymphoid organs and depletion of peripheral blood t and b lymphocytes are observed. the onset of these pathologic events is before viremia and independent of leukocyte infection, indicating a host-mediated effect possibly through a cytokine storm. here, we show that high serum levels of interferon- alpha (ifn-alpha) were found during this phase of csf, detectable as ear ... | 2006 | 16704301 |
| [threatening classical swine fever from germany. congressman veerman makes pcr test for classical swine fever possible]. | 2006 | 16711570 | |
| [genetic typing of classical swine fever viruses--a review]. | classical swine fever (csf) is a notifiable disease of domestic pigs and wild boar. it is caused by the highly contagious csf virus and in its acute form the disease generally results in high morbidity and mortality. due to the great economical impact an outbreak can cause to the pig industry it is one of the most important swine diseases worldwide. to limit the damage in the case of a new outbreak it is necessary to identify the virus as fast as possible. this information helps epidemiologists ... | 2006 | 16716047 |
| replication of classical swine fever virus strains and isolates in different porcine cell lines. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is an economically important pathogen of domestic pigs and wild boar. due to the highly variable clinical picture of csf, laboratory methods are essential for an unambiguous diagnosis. virus isolation using cell culture is still considered the gold standard. it is based on the incubation of permissive cells with organ or leukocyte preparations followed by antigen detection. in the "eu diagnostic manual for csf diagnosis", the permanent cell line pk(15) (porcine ... | 2006 | 16716048 |
| case report: the significance of genotyping for the epidemiological tracing of classical swine fever (csf). | in germany, eleven outbreaks of csf in domestic pig holdings were reported in 2002. they occurred exclusively in regions where csf virus circulated in the wild boar population. in ten cases the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the isolates from domestic pigs and wild boar had identical sequences in the 5' non-translated region (5'ntr). however, in one case a subtype was isolated which was slightly different from the virus subtype found in the wild boar population of that region. this case is ... | 2006 | 16716053 |
| monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (sus scrofa) in slovenia. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious multi-systemic haemorrhagic viral disease of pigs. not only domestic pigs, but also wild boar appear to play a crucial role in the epidemiology of csf. spleen (n = 739) and blood coagulum (n = 562) sampled from wild boars (sus scrofa) shot in 2002, and serum samples from 746 wild boar shot in 2003 and 2004, were tested throughout slovenia. in 2002, 17 samples were positive on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test for antibodies against ... | 2006 | 16732885 |
| kinetics of african swine fever virus infection in ornithodoros erraticus ticks. | the kinetics of african swine fever virus (asfv) infection in ornithodoros erraticus ticks were investigated in specimens collected in the field at different times following an outbreak of the disease in portugal in 1999 and in ticks infected experimentally with a virus isolated from a tick collected during this outbreak. in ticks collected from the field, initial screening for asfv was carried out by pcr, followed by attempts to isolate the virus in macrophage cultures. considering total number ... | 2006 | 16760388 |
| identification of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in korean native goat (capra hircus). | in the genus pestivirus, four genetically distinct viral species are currently recognized: bovine viral diarrhea viruses type 1 and 2 (bvdv-1, bvdv-2), classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv). bvdv-1 and bdv infections have been described in goat species. since 1998, border disease (bd) like symptoms in goats have been reported repeatedly in two southern-most provinces of korea, which until then had been regarded as being free from bd. as a result of retrospective inves ... | 2006 | 16766076 |
| classical swine fever virus replicon particles lacking the erns gene: a potential marker vaccine for intradermal application. | classical swine fever virus replicon particles (csf-vrp) deficient for e(rns) were evaluated as a non-transmissible marker vaccine. a cdna clone of csfv strain alfort/187 was used to obtain a replication-competent mutant genome (replicon) lacking the sequence encoding the 227 amino acids of the glycoprotein e(rns) (a187dele(rns)). for packaging of a187dele(rns) into virus particles, porcine kidney cell lines constitutively expressing e(rns) of csfv were established. the rescued vrp were infectio ... | 2006 | 16777037 |
| in planta production of two peptides of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) e2 glycoprotein fused to the coat protein of potato virus x. | classical swine fever (csfv) is one of the most important viral infectious diseases affecting wild boars and domestic pigs. the etiological agent of the disease is the csf virus, a single stranded rna virus belonging to the family flaviviridae. all preventive measures in domestic pigs have been focused in interrupting the chain of infection and in avoiding the spread of csfv within wild boars as well as interrupting transmission from wild boars to domestic pigs. the use of plant based vaccine ag ... | 2006 | 16792815 |
| "self" and "nonself" manipulation of interferon defense during persistent infection: bovine viral diarrhea virus resists alpha/beta interferon without blocking antiviral activity against unrelated viruses replicating in its host cells. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), together with classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv) of sheep, belongs to the genus pestivirus of the flaviviridae. bvdv is either cytopathic (cp) or noncytopathic (ncp), as defined by its effect on cultured cells. infection of pregnant animals with the ncp biotype may lead to the birth of persistently infected calves that are immunotolerant to the infecting viral strain. in addition to evading the adaptive immune system, bvdv evades ... | 2006 | 16809298 |
| molecular epidemiology of african swine fever virus studied by analysis of four variable genome regions. | variable regions of the african swine fever virus genome, which contain arrays of tandem repeats, were compared in the genomes of isolates obtained over a 40-year period. comparison of the size of products generated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from four different genome regions, within the b602l and kp86r genes and intergenic regions j286l and btsj, placed 43 closely related isolated from europe, the caribbean, west and central africa into 17 different virus sub-groups. sequence analysis ... | 2006 | 16817033 |
| [swine fever and the consequences in dutch veterinary clinics. interview by miel bingen and michael van wijngaarden]. | 2006 | 16830513 | |
| the role of b cells in the immune response to pestivirus (classical swine fever virus). | pigs inoculated with the alfort 187 isolate of classical swine fever (csf) virus were used to study the immunological mechanisms associated with the humoral immune response in the disease. quantitative and qualitative changes in the b-cell population (lambda light chain [c-lambda]-positive, immunoglobulins [ig]-m-positive, and igg-positive were demonstrated in the spleen, thymus and ileocaecal lymph node. blood and serum samples were used to examine changes in leucocytes, albumin/globulin ratios ... | 2006 | 16844443 |
| neuropathologic study of experimental classical swine fever. | the aim of this study was to report on the lesions occurring in the central nervous system (cns) during experimental classical swine fever (csf) to clarify the spatial and chronologic distribution of the lesions and virus antigen in the cns. to learn more about the pathogenetic mechanisms of the lesions during csf in the cns and to investigate the role of the virus in these mechanisms, cellular infiltrates and infected cells have been characterized. twenty-eight pigs were inoculated with the vir ... | 2006 | 16846995 |
| development of a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay with fluorogenic probes to discriminate korean wild-type and vaccine isolates of classical swine fever virus. | a 1-step reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay using taqman minor-groove-binding (mgb) probes was developed to distinguish between vaccine-type and wild-type strains of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in korea. because attenuated korean lom strains have been used in animal vaccination in korea for some time but csf remains a serious problem, there was a need for a practical approach to differentiating vaccine and field strains. we examined the fluorescence of 5 vaccin ... | 2006 | 16850946 |
| african swine fever virus induces filopodia-like projections at the plasma membrane. | when exiting the cell vaccinia virus induces actin polymerization and formation of a characteristic actin tail on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane, directly beneath the extracellular particle. the actin tail acts to propel the virus away from the cell surface to enhance its cell-to-cell spread. we now demonstrate that african swine fever virus (asfv), a member of the asfarviridae family, also stimulates the polymerization of actin at the cell surface. intracellular asfv particles projec ... | 2006 | 16869831 |
| epidemiological survey of viral diseases of pigs in the mekong delta of vietnam between 1999 and 2003. | in the mekong delta, backyard pig rearing plays an integral role in recycling nutrients in farming systems and generating valuable cash income. however, development has been hampered by fatal epizootics of piglets and reproductive failure of sows. diseases are named by symptoms and blindly treated with antibiotics. as antibiotics are often ineffectual, involvement of viral diseases are suspected. to identify the causative agent, we first sero-surveyed porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrom ... | 2006 | 16904851 |
| identification of a novel virulence determinant within the e2 structural glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) e2 glycoprotein contains a discrete epitope (tavspttlr, residues 829-837 of csfv polyprotein) recognized by monoclonal antibody (mab) wh303, used to differentiate csfv from related ruminant pestiviruses, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and border disease virus (bdv), that infect swine without causing disease. progressive mutations were introduced into mab wh303 epitope in csfv virulent strain brescia (bicv) to obtain the homologous amino acid sequence of bvd ... | 2006 | 16908042 |
| phenotype-based identification of host genes required for replication of african swine fever virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) produces a fatal acute hemorrhagic fever in domesticated pigs that potentially is a worldwide economic threat. using an expressed sequence tag (est) library-based antisense method of random gene inactivation and a phenotypic screen for limitation of asfv replication in cultured human cells, we identified six host genes whose cellular functions are required by asfv. these included three loci, bat3 (hla-b-associated transcript 3), c1qtnf (c1q and tumor necrosis fac ... | 2006 | 16912318 |
| [classical swine fever in germany, in hindsight]. | 2006 | 16916202 | |
| [classical swine fever: holland barely escapes]. | 2006 | 16916205 | |
| mutational analysis of the gdd sequence motif of classical swine fever virus rna-dependent rna polymerases. | to define the function of the gdd motif of the rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) of classical swine fever virus (csfv), single amino acid substitutions were introduced into the csfv ns5b. all substitutions within the gdd motif were detrimental to the polymerase activity, the binding activity and the terminal nucleotidyl transferase activity of the ns5b protein. it was also found that the wild-type ns5b had higher rdrp activity with mg(+2) than with mn(+2) whereas some mutants worked better wit ... | 2007 | 16917742 |
| marker vaccine strategies and candidate csfv marker vaccines. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important highly contagious disease of swine worldwide. classical swine fever virus (csfv) is its etiological agent, and the only natural hosts are domestic pigs and wild boars. although field csfv strains vary in the virulence, they all result in serious losses in pig industry. highly virulent field strains generally cause acute disease and high mortality; moderately virulent field strains raise subacute or chronic infections; postnatal infection b ... | 2007 | 16934915 |
| african swine fever virus causes microtubule-dependent dispersal of the trans-golgi network and slows delivery of membrane protein to the plasma membrane. | viral interference with secretory cargo is a common mechanism for pathogen immune evasion. selective down regulation of critical immune system molecules such as major histocompatibility complex (mhc) proteins enables pathogens to mask themselves from their host. african swine fever virus (asfv) disrupts the trans-golgi network (tgn) by altering the localization of tgn46, an organelle marker for the distal secretory pathway. reorganization of membrane transport components may provide a mechanism ... | 2006 | 16956944 |
| protein pe120r of african swine fever virus is post-translationally acetylated as revealed by post-source decay maldi mass spectrometry. | post-translational modification of proteins is a key regulatory event in many cellular processes. african swine fever virus (asfv) is a large dna virus that contains about 150 open reading frames (orf) which encode for more than 150 polypeptides, most of them without assigned function. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2de) followed by post-source decay matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (psd-maldi-ms) revealed that asfv protein pe120r, essential for virus transport ... | 2007 | 16964554 |
| genome comparison of a novel classical swine fever virus isolated in china in 2004 with other csfv strains. | the genome of a novel classical swine fever virus (csfv), swh/ca/2004, isolated from a hog pen in henan province, central china, is 12,296 nucleotides (nt) in length. it is composed of a 373-nt 5' terminal non-translated region (ntr), a 11,697-nt open reading frame (orf) encoding a polyprotein of 3,898 amino acids (aa), and a 226-nt 3'-ntr. genome comparison of the swh/ca/2004 isolate (genbank accession: dq127910) with other known csfv isolates was performed and analyzed. corresponding segments ... | 2006 | 16972026 |
| limited bvdv transmission and full protection against csfv transmission in pigs experimentally infected with bvdv type 1b. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in pigs may interfere with the detection and epidemiology of classical swine fever virus (csfv). to investigate the importance of bvdv infections in pigs, first we studied the transmission dynamics of a recent bvdv field isolate. subsequently, the protection of bvd antibodies against transmission and clinical disease of csf virus was studied. only limited transmission of bvdv occurred (r = 0.20), while no csfv transmission occurred in pigs with bvdv antibodies. ... | 2006 | 16979307 |
| generation of filamentous instead of icosahedral particles by repression of african swine fever virus structural protein pb438l. | the mechanisms involved in the construction of the icosahedral capsid of the african swine fever virus (asfv) particle are not well understood at present. capsid formation requires protein p72, the major capsid component, but other viral proteins are likely to play also a role in this process. we have examined the function of the asfv structural protein pb438l, encoded by gene b438l, in virus morphogenesis. we show that protein pb438l associates with membranes during the infection, behaving as a ... | 2006 | 17005638 |
| a semliki forest virus replicon vectored dna vaccine expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus protects pigs from lethal challenge. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes significant losses in pig industry in many countries in asia and europe. the e2 glycoprotein of csfv is the main target for neutralizing antibodies. recently, the replicon of alphaviruses, such as semliki forest virus (sfv), has been developed as replicative expression vectors for gene delivery. in this study, we constructed a plasmid dna based on sfv replicon encoding the e2 glycoprotein of csfv and evaluated its efficacy in rabbits and pigs. the result ... | 2007 | 17007970 |
| the african swine fever virus nonstructural protein pb602l is required for formation of the icosahedral capsid of the virus particle. | african swine fever virus (asfv) protein pb602l has been described as a molecular chaperone for the correct folding of the major capsid protein p72. we have studied the function of protein pb602l during the viral assembly process by using a recombinant asfv, vb602li, which inducibly expresses the gene coding for this protein. we show that protein pb602l is a late nonstructural protein, which, in contrast with protein p72, is excluded from the viral factory. repression of protein pb602l synthesis ... | 2006 | 17035321 |
| silencing of natural interferon producing cell activation by porcine circovirus type 2 dna. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection of natural interferon producing cells (nipcs) impairs the induction of interferon (ifn)-alpha and tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha by cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine (cpg) oligodeoxynucleotides (odns), thereby preventing both their autocrine maturation and the paracrine maturation of myeloid dendritic cells (dcs). the present study shows that the pcv2-mediated inhibition of nipcs was mediated by viral dna, although it was independent of virus replic ... | 2007 | 17038051 |
| regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase expression by viral a238l-mediated inhibition of p65/rela acetylation and p300 transactivation. | uncontrolled generation of nitric oxide (no) by inducible nitric-oxide synthase (inos) can cause damage to host cells and inflammation, two undesirable events for virus spreading. african swine fever virus (asfv) infection regulates inos-induced gene expression through the synthesis of the a238l virus protein. we here explored the role of a238l, an nf-kappab and nfat inhibitor, in the regulation of inos transcription in macrophages. no production and inos mrna and protein levels as well as inos ... | 2006 | 17041221 |
| macrophage transcriptional responses following in vitro infection with a highly virulent african swine fever virus isolate. | we used a porcine microarray containing 2,880 cdnas to investigate the response of macrophages to infection by a virulent african swine fever virus (asfv) isolate, malawi lil20/1. one hundred twenty-five targets were found to be significantly altered at either or both 4 h and 16 h postinfection compared with targets after mock infection. these targets were assigned into three groups according to their temporal expression profiles. eighty-six targets showed increased expression levels at 4 h post ... | 2006 | 17041222 |
| quadruple antigenic epitope peptide producing immune protection against classical swine fever virus. | research on epitope-based vaccines is a current focus in the development of new vaccines against classical swine fever virus (csfv). the present study aimed to engineer a quadruple antigenic epitope peptide of the csfv immunogen e2 glycoprotein by splice overlap extension (soe) pcr, expressed in e. coli fused with glutathione s-transferase (gst), and named rgst-4e. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot analysis showed that purified rgst-4e had an excellent immunoreactivity w ... | 2006 | 17050046 |
| sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of uncertain factors in a scenario tree model for classical swine fever introduction. | introduction of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a continuing threat to the pig production sector in the european union. a scenario tree model was developed to obtain more insight into the main risk factors determining the probability of csfv introduction (p(csfv)). as this model contains many uncertain input parameters, sensitivity analysis was used to indicate which of these parameters influence model results most. group screening combined with the statistical techniques of design of expe ... | 2006 | 17054533 |
| validation of a real-time rt-pcr assay for rapid and specific diagnosis of classical swine fever virus. | two new real-time rt-pcr kits developed by lsi (taqvet csf) and adiagene (adiavet csf) obtained a manufacturing agreement in france during the past year. for that purpose, the classical swine fever (csf) national reference laboratory (nrl) planned a schedule of conditions to be fulfilled by commercial real-time rt-pcr assays. the producers were asked to introduce an internal control to check the rna extraction efficacy. the different criteria assessed were: sensitivity, specificity, especially " ... | 2006 | 17058493 |
| bacteriophage t4 nanoparticle capsid surface soc and hoc bipartite display with enhanced classical swine fever virus immunogenicity: a powerful immunological approach. | the phage t4 hoc, soc bipartite display system is attractive for the expression of cdna and display of peptides or proteins at high copy numbers on the phage capsid surface. until recently, using t4 phage vector to display large foreign molecular immunogens resulted only from either an soc or hoc single site. in this report, the main advantages of the phage t4 system over other display technologies are substantiated by using the phage t4 soc, hoc dual site display vector t4-zh(-) to express: (1) ... | 2007 | 17081627 |
| factors critical for successful vaccination against classical swine fever in endemic areas. | classical swine fever (csf) or hog cholera, caused by the classical swine fever virus (csfv), is one of the most important viral diseases that cause serious economic loss to the swine industry worldwide. during the past 5 years, several techniques for measuring porcine cell-mediated immunity (cmi) were applied, in conjunction with other conventional techniques, to study factors that influence the induction of csfv-specific immunity. information, obtained from a series of experiments, demonstrate ... | 2007 | 17097243 |
| n-linked glycosylation status of classical swine fever virus strain brescia e2 glycoprotein influences virulence in swine. | e2 is one of the three envelope glycoproteins of classical swine fever virus (csfv). previous studies indicate that e2 is involved in several functions, including virus attachment and entry to target cells, production of antibodies, induction of protective immune response in swine, and virulence. here, we have investigated the role of e2 glycosylation of the highly virulent csfv strain brescia in infection of the natural host. seven putative glycosylation sites in e2 were modified by site-direct ... | 2007 | 17108025 |
| protection of gruntlings against classical swine fever virus-infection after oral vaccination of sows with c-strain vaccine. | the objective of this study was to investigate the maternal protection of gruntlings derived from wild sows vaccinated orally against classical swine fever (csf) using c-strain vaccine. three vaccinated sows and one unvaccinated control sow were included. challenge infection of the progeny was carried out either intranasally or by contact at the beginning of the third month of life (61-65 days post-natum). whereas, two of three litters had maternal antibodies, the progeny of one vaccinated sow w ... | 2006 | 17123422 |
| first results of detection of prrsv and csfv rna by sybr green i-based quantitative pcr. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) and classical swine fever (csf) cause significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. as both diseases cause similar symptoms, rapid and reliable detection of these diseases is essential for disease surveillance. a quantitative sybr green i-based reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) is described for simultaneous and differential diagnosis. the established rt-pcr for the quantitation of prrsv and csfv cdna was f ... | 2006 | 17123423 |
| a one-step, gel-based rt-pcr assay with comparable performance to real-time rt-pcr for detection of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever, a notifiable disease to the office international des epizooties (oie), is a highly contagious viral disease affecting both domestic pigs and wild boars. rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of the causing agent classical swine fever virus (csfv) is therefore essential for diagnosis and control of the disease. most protocols for gel-based pcr consist of two steps, reverse transcription followed by pcr. such a protocol is time consuming, laborious and more prone to conta ... | 2007 | 17123637 |
| influence of different diets on growth performance, meat quality, and disease resistance in pig crossbreeds (pie x mc-local) and pie (lw x mc-local). | the present study evaluated the effect of different dietary formulations on the growth rate in pigs and their resistance to infection with hog cholera. results indicate that growth rates can be enhanced by certain formulations and that there is a correlation between this increased growth rate and increased resistance to infection with hog cholera. | 2006 | 17135567 |
| [exclusion of classical swine fever by pcr test]. | 2006 | 17137224 | |
| asfv dna polymerse x is extremely error-prone under diverse assay conditions and within multiple dna sequence contexts. | we previously demonstrated that the dna repair system encoded by the african swine fever virus (asfv) is both extremely error-prone during the single-nucleotide gap-filling step (catalyzed by asfv dna polymerase x) and extremely error-tolerant during the nick-sealing step (catalyzed by asfv dna ligase). on the basis of these findings we have suggested that at least some of the diversity known to exist among asfv isolates may be a consequence of mutagenic dna repair, wherein damaged nucleotides a ... | 2006 | 17144676 |
| detection of classical swine fever vaccine virus in blood and tissue samples of pigs vaccinated either with a conventional c-strain vaccine or a modified live marker vaccine. | attenuated live classical swine fever (csf) viruses are the most efficacious vaccines against the disease. however, little is known about the distribution and detection of csf vaccine viruses in the host. we therefore compared the new recombinant attenuated marker vaccine virus cp7_e2alf with the conventional c-strain vaccine concerning virus isolation, antigen-, and genome-detection in different samples within the first 42 days post-vaccination (p.v.). leukocytes and several organs such as tons ... | 2007 | 17147979 |
| reduced redox potential of the cytosol is important for african swine fever virus capsid assembly and maturation. | assembly of african swine fever virus (asfv) involves the transfer of the major capsid protein, p73, from the cytosol onto the cytoplasmic face of endoplasmic reticulum-derived membranes. during this process, the folding of p73 is dependent upon transient association with a specific viral chaperone, cap80. the cell cytoplasm maintains high concentrations of reduced glutathione, leading to a reducing environment. here, the effects of redox environment on the assembly of asfv have been studied. di ... | 2007 | 17170439 |
| a sequence database allowing automated genotyping of classical swine fever virus isolates. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious viral disease of pigs. according to the oie classification of diseases it is classified as a notifiable (previously list a) disease, thus having the potential for causing severe socio-economic problems and affecting severely the international trade of pigs and pig products. effective control measures are compulsory, and to expose weaknesses a reliable tracing of the spread of the virus is necessary. genetic typing has proved to be the method of ... | 2007 | 17187869 |
| recombination and expression of classical swine fever virus (csfv) structural protein e2 gene in chlamydomonas reinhardtii chroloplasts. | the expression of classical swine fever virus (csfv) structural protein e2 in different vectors, which has been shown to carry critical epitopes, has been established. here, we reported a chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast expression vector, p64e2, containing classical swine fever virus structural protein e2 gene, which was constructed and transferred to c. reinhardtii by biolistic bombardment method. the transformants were identified by pcr, southern blotting, western blotting after selectin ... | 2007 | 17188850 |
| molecular beacon real-time pcr detection of swine viruses. | rapid and reliable detection of viral pathogens is critical for the management of the diseases threatening the economic competitiveness of the swine farming industry worldwide. molecular beacon assays are one type of real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technology capable of fast, specific, sensitive, and reliable viral detection. in this paper, the development of molecular beacon assays as novel tools for the rapid detection of aujeszky's disease virus, african swine fever virus, porcine c ... | 2007 | 17196673 |
| serodiagnostic comparison between two methods, elisa and surface plasmon resonance for the detection of antibodies of classical swine fever. | a protein chip based on surface plasmon resonance (spr) was developed to measure the antibody (ab) titers of classical swine fever virus (csfv) using the recombinant gp55 protein as an antigen. the diagnostic potential of this spr assay for detecting the ab titers to csfv gp55 was compared that of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using 170 serum samples from 14 pig farms. the spr assay was highly specific and sensitive, and there were no cross-reactions detected. there was a strong ... | 2006 | 17213702 |
| the myd116 african swine fever virus homologue interacts with the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 and activates its phosphatase activity. | the dp71l protein of african swine fever virus (asfv) shares sequence similarity with the herpes simplex virus icp34.5 protein over a c-terminal domain. we showed that the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (pp1) interacts specifically with the asfv dp71l protein in a yeast two-hybrid screen. the chimeric full-length dp71l protein, from asfv strain badajoz 71 (ba71v), fused to glutathione s-transferase (dp71l-gst) was expressed in escherichia coli and shown to bind specifically to the pp ... | 2007 | 17215279 |
| classical swine fever virus npro interacts with interferon regulatory factor 3 and induces its proteasomal degradation. | viruses have evolved a multitude of strategies to subvert the innate immune system by interfering with components of the alpha/beta interferon (ifn-alpha/beta) induction and signaling pathway. it is well established that the pestiviruses prevent ifn-alpha/beta induction in their primary target cells, such as epitheloidal and endothelial cells, macrophages, and conventional dendritic cells, a phenotype mediated by the viral protein n(pro). central players in the ifn-alpha/beta induction cascade a ... | 2007 | 17215286 |
| detection of african swine fever virus genomic dna in a nigerian red river hog (potamochoerus porcus). | 2007 | 17220525 | |
| diagnostic methods for detection of classical swine fever virus--status quo and new developments. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious disease causing major losses in pig populations almost worldwide. the disease occurs in many regions of asia, central and south america and parts of europe and africa. some countries have eradicated the disease (australia, usa, canada, within the eu), yet it keeps recurring sporadically (south africa, germany, netherlands, england). the causative virus is a member of the genus pestivirus, family flaviviridae. the first diagnosis of csf is based ... | 2007 | 17229496 |
| demonstrating freedom from disease using multiple complex data sources 2: case study--classical swine fever in denmark. | a method for quantitative evaluation of surveillance for disease freedom has been presented in the accompanying paper (martin et al., 2007). this paper presents an application of the methods, using as an example surveillance for classical swine fever (csf) in denmark in 2005. a scenario tree model is presented for the abattoir-based serology component of the danish csf surveillance system, in which blood samples are collected in an ad hoc abattoir sampling process, from adult pigs originating in ... | 2007 | 17239459 |
| novel marker vaccines against classical swine fever. | classical swine fever (csf) is one of the most devastating epizootic diseases of pigs worldwide. for eradication and control purposes, csf vaccination is an important tool, and efficacious and safe attenuated vaccines have been available for many decades (for example, the c-strain vaccines). in addition to administering them parenterally, live attenuated vaccines are also administered orally for the control and eradication of csf in wild boar populations. however, antibodies against live attenua ... | 2007 | 17239502 |
| comparative susceptibility of indigenous and improved pig breeds to classical swine fever virus infection: practical and epidemiological implications in a subsistence-based, developing country setting. | this study investigated the comparative susceptibility of indigenous moo laat and improved large white/landrace pig breeds to infection with classical swine fever virus (csfv) under controlled conditions in the lao people's democratic republic (lao pdr). the moo laat (ml) and large white/landrace cross-breed (lwc) pigs were inoculated with a standard challenge strain designated lao/kham225 (infectivity titre of 10(2.75) tcid50/ml). the results demonstrated that both the native breed and an impro ... | 2006 | 17243474 |
| african swine fever virus a238l inhibitor of nf-kappab and of calcineurin phosphatase is imported actively into the nucleus and exported by a crm1-mediated pathway. | this study examined nuclear and cytoplasmic shuttling of the african swine fever virus (asfv) a238l protein, which is an inhibitor of nf-kappab and of calcineurin phosphatase. the results showed that the protein was present in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm in asfv-infected cells and that the higher molecular mass 32 kda form of the a238l protein was the predominant nuclear form, which accumulated later in infection. in contrast, both the 28 and 32 kda forms of the a238l protein were present ... | 2007 | 17251557 |
| virulence, immunogenicity and vaccine properties of a novel chimeric pestivirus. | a chimeric pestivirus of border disease virus gifhorn and bovine viral diarrhea virus cp7 (meyers et al., 1996) was constructed. virulence, immunogenicity and vaccine properties of the chimeric virus were studied in a vaccination-challenge experiment in pigs. the chimeric virus proved to be avirulent and neither chimeric virus nor viral rna was detected in serum after vaccination. the safety of the vaccine was tested by horizontal transmission to sentinel pigs, which remained uninfected. the vac ... | 2007 | 17251566 |
| hcv and csfv ires domain ii mediate eif2 release during 80s ribosome assembly. | internal ribosome entry site (ires) rnas from the hepatitis c virus (hcv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv) coordinate cap-independent assembly of eukaryotic 48s initiation complexes, consisting of the 40s ribosomal subunit, eukaryotic initiation factor (eif) 3 and the eif2/gtp/met-trna(i)(met) ternary complex. here, we report that these ireses also play a functional role during 80s ribosome assembly downstream of 48s complex formation, in promoting eif5-induced gtp hydrolysis and eif2/gdp ... | 2007 | 17255934 |
| cp7_e2alf: a safe and efficient marker vaccine strain for oral immunisation of wild boar against classical swine fever virus (csfv). | wild boar are an important reservoir of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in several european countries, where most of the primary outbreaks in domestic pigs are directly related to the endemic disease situation in the wild boar population. oral immunisation has been introduced as an additional control measure to accelerate csf eradication in wild boar in germany since 1993. immunisation with an oral bait vaccine based on the conventionally attenuated live vaccine strain "c" proved to be safe a ... | 2007 | 17257713 |
| evaluation of real-time rt-pcr assay for the routine intra vitam diagnosis of classical swine fever. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic quality of the real-time rt-pcr assay described by hoffmann et al. [hoffmann, b., beer, m., schelp, c., schirrmeier, h., depner, k., 2005. validation of a real-time rt-pcr assay for sensitive and specific detection of classical swine fever. j. virol. methods 130, 36-44] for the routine intra vitam diagnosis of classical swine fever (csf). we compared the assay with conventional diagnostic methods by using defined diagnostic material from an ani ... | 2007 | 17257786 |
| an immunohistochemical study of the tonsils in pigs with acute african swine fever virus infection. | an immunohistochemical study of the tonsils was carried out to gain further insight in the pathogenesis of acute african swine fever (asf). twenty-one pigs were inoculated by intramuscular route with a highly virulent isolate of asf virus and painlessly killed at 1-7dpi. viral antigen was highly distributed in the tonsil from 3 to 4dpi and an increase in the number of monocyte-macrophages was very evident at the same days post inoculation. this phenomenon was observed together with an increase o ... | 2007 | 17258254 |
| simulated detection of syndromic classical swine fever on a finnish pig-breeding farm. | although finland has not experienced a classical swine fever (csf) epidemic since 1917, the concern about early detection is relevant. the time until detection of csf on a pig-breeding farm was predicted by simulation, and earlier detection of csf-infected farms was assessed. eight to 12 weeks will pass before csf is detected on a finnish pig-breeding farm, which resembles detection of the index farm for actual csf epidemics in europe. although notification of suspected csf on the infected farm ... | 2007 | 17291361 |
| phylogenetic characterization of classical swine fever viruses isolated in korea between 1988 and 2003. | twenty-four isolates of classical swine fever (csf) virus which were obtained from csf outbreaks during 1988 and 2003 in the republic of korea were genetically characterized for partial e2 gene (190 nucleotides) and compared with csf viruses reported by other countries. phylogenetic analyses classified korean field isolates between1988 and 1999 into subgroup 3.2, forming an independent clade distinct from csf viruses identified in other countries. in contrast, the viruses isolated during 2002-20 ... | 2007 | 17328983 |
| use of damaged dna and dntp substrates by the error-prone dna polymerase x from african swine fever virus. | the structural specificity that translesion dna polymerases often show for a particular class of lesions suggests that the predominant criterion of selection during their evolution has been the capacity for lesion tolerance and that the error-proneness they display when copying undamaged templates may simply be a byproduct of this adaptation. regardless of selection criteria/evolutionary history, at present both of these properties coexist in these enzymes, and both properties confer a fitness a ... | 2007 | 17335287 |
| a multiplex nested rt-pcr for the detection and differentiation of wild-type viruses from c-strain vaccine of classical swine fever virus. | a multiplex nested rt-pcr (rt-npcr) was developed for the detection and differentiation of classical swine fever virus (csfv). a fragment of 447 or 343 bp was amplified from the genomic rna of c-strain or virulent shimen strain, respectively, and two fragments of 447 and 343 bp were simultaneously amplified from the mixed samples of c-strain and shimen. when detecting several wild-type isolates representative of different subgroups (1.1, 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3) circulating in mainland china and sampl ... | 2007 | 17346808 |
| diagnostic procedures after completion of oral immunisation against classical swine fever in wild boar. | the purpose of this paper is to define diagnostic procedures for wild boar after the completion of oral immunisation against classical swine fever (csf). epidemiological analysis of csf in wild boar in germany demonstrated that it is vital to carry out virological investigations on all animals found dead, sick or involved in traffic accidents. in principle, this should ensure an effective and prompt diagnosis of csf. in addition, a defined number of wild boar, especially young animals < or = 6 m ... | 2006 | 17361765 |
| assessment of classical swine fever diagnostics and vaccine performance. | rapid and accurate diagnosis is of the utmost importance in the control of epizootic diseases such as classical swine fever (csf), and efficacious vaccination can be used as a supporting tool. while most of the recently developed csf vaccines and diagnostic kits are mostly validated according to world organisation for animal health (oie) standards, not all of the well-established traditional vaccines and diagnostic tests were subject to these validation procedures and requirements. in this repor ... | 2006 | 17361768 |
| descriptive epidemiology of the outbreak of classical swine fever in catalonia (spain), 2001/02. | spain suffered an outbreak of classical swine fever between june 14, 2001 and may 7, 2002, which affected 49 herds; this paper describes the epidemiological characteristics of the 39 herds that were affected in catalonia, an area of high pig density in the north east of spain. the outbreak took place in two waves, which affected first the province of lleida and then barcelona. a total of 291,058 animals were slaughtered, 59,595 belonging to infected herds; 22 of the infected herds were detected ... | 2007 | 17384291 |
| pasteurella multocida and its role in porcine pneumonia. | pasteurella multocida has been recognized as a contributor to debilitating and fatal porcine pneumonia for at least 120 years and there continues to be sustained, unabated high prevalence of the organism in cases submitted for diagnostic work up. understanding of its role in disease has been limited, in part because of difficulty in reproducing the disease experimentally with capsular type a strains of p. multocida, the predominant type associated with porcine pneumonia. this limitation has stym ... | 2006 | 17389051 |
| mutations in the carboxyl terminal region of e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus are responsible for viral attenuation in swine. | we have previously reported [risatti, g.r., borca, m.v., kutish, g.f., lu, z., holinka, l.g., french, r.a., tulman, e.r., rock, d.l. 2005a. the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus is a virulence determinant in swine. j. virol. 79, 3787-3796] that chimeric virus 319.1v containing the e2 glycoprotein gene from classical swine fever virus (csfv) vaccine strain cs with the genetic background of highly virulent csfv strain brescia (bicv) was markedly attenuated in pigs. to identify the ami ... | 2007 | 17418362 |
| a unified kinetic mechanism applicable to multiple dna polymerases. | after extensive studies spanning over half a century, there is little consensus on the kinetic mechanism of dna polymerases. using stopped-flow fluorescence assays for mammalian dna polymerase beta (pol beta), we have previously identified a fast fluorescence transition corresponding to conformational closing, and a slow fluorescence transition matching the rate of single-nucleotide incorporation. here, by varying ph and buffer viscosity, we have decoupled the rate of single-nucleotide incorpora ... | 2007 | 17419590 |
| combined dna vaccination against three animal viruses elicits decreased immunogenicity of a single plasmid in mice. | in order to investigate whether combined dna vaccines are an ideal way to combine antigens in a single vaccine formulation, we immunized mice with three plasmids (pvsg, pvgd and pve2), respectively, encoding the antigen of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), pseudorabies virus (prv) and classic swine fever virus (csfv), either alone or in a combined vaccine regimen. we also investigated the immune responses induced by a series of mixtures in which three plasmids were mixed in pairs. then we fur ... | 2007 | 17420075 |
| evidence of natural recombination in classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever (csf) virus, one member of the family flaviviridae is the pathogen of csf, an economically important and highly contagious disease of pigs. although homologous recombination has been demonstrated in many other members of the family, it is unknown whether there is recombination in natural populations of csfv. to detect possible recombination events, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of 25 full-length csfv strains isolated all over the world. putative recombinant sequences ... | 2007 | 17428567 |
| identification and characterization of the ntpase activity of classical swine fever virus (csfv) nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) expressed in bacteria. | the nonstructural protein 3 (ns3) of members of the family flaviviridae possesses multiple enzyme activities that are likely to be essential for viral replication. here, we cloned and expressed full-length csfv ns3 protein (ns3fl) and its n-terminal truncated version (ntns3) in e. coli. ntpase activities of the purified ns3fl and ntns3 proteins and their reaction conditions were investigated. the results showed that csfv ns3fl and ntns3 proteins contained a specific polynucleotide-stimulated ntp ... | 2007 | 17447110 |
| nonstructural proteins ns2-3 and ns4a of classical swine fever virus: essential features for infectious particle formation. | the nonstructural protein ns2-3 of pestiviruses undergoes tightly regulated processing. for bovine viral diarrhea virus it was shown that uncleaved ns2-3 is required for infectious particle formation while cleaved ns3 is essential for genome replication. to further investigate the functions of ns2-3 and ns4a in the pestivirus life cycle, we established t7 rna polymerase-dependent trans-complementation for p7-ns2-3-4a of classical swine fever virus (csfv). expression of ns2-3 and ns4a in trans re ... | 2007 | 17482232 |
| serum antibodies directed against classical swine fever virus and other pestiviruses in wild boar (sus scrofa) in the republic of croatia. | the presence of serum antibodies directed against classical swine fever (csf) virus and other pestiviruses among the wild boar (sus scrofa) population in croatia was investigated. during 2003, serum samples from 214 wild boars were collected in 10 hunting areas in the continental part of the country. the sera were examined by enzyme immunoassay (elisa) and in the virus neutralization test (vnt). out of 214 sera tested 111 (51.87 %) were positive by elisa and regarding neutralising antibodies, ag ... | 2007 | 17484502 |
| protection of pigs from lethal challenge by a dna vaccine based on an alphavirus replicon expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus. | in a previous study, it has been shown that a semliki forest virus (sfv) replicon vectored dna vaccine (psfv1cs-e2) expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) conferred full protection for pigs immunized three times with 600 microg of the vaccine. this study was designed to evaluate further the efficacy of the vaccine with lower dosage and fewer inoculations. pigs were immunized twice with 100 microg of psfv1cs-e2 (n=5) or control plasmid psfv1cs (n=3), respectively, an ... | 2007 | 17499369 |
| evidence of indirect transmission of classical swine fever virus through contacts with people. | a strict system for visiting experimentally inoculated and susceptible weaner pigs was used to examine the potential indirect transmission of classical swine fever (csf) virus by people wearing contaminated boots, gloves and coveralls. the inoculated and susceptible pigs were housed in separate compartments, between which the airborne transmission of the virus was impossible. a worst-case scenario with an intensive visiting protocol and no form of disinfection or hygiene was established. fifteen ... | 2007 | 17513834 |
| [nonspecific clinical signs in pigs and use of exclusion diagnosis for classical swine fever: a survey among pig farmers and veterinary practitioners]. | outbreaks of classical swine fever (csf) occurred in spring 2006 in germany close to the dutch border. on 6th april dutch pig farmers were given the possibility to submit blood samples directly via their veterinary practitioner to the national reference laboratory for csf if their pigs had non-specific clinical symptoms or if pigs were being treated with antibiotics. the pig farm was not quarantined and was not visited by the veterinary authorities. over a period of 9 weeks 156 pig farmers submi ... | 2007 | 17515178 |
| mycoplasma contamination and viral immunomodulatory activity: dendritic cells open pandora's box. | during in vitro investigations on the interaction of classical swine fever virus (csfv)--an immunosuppressive viral pathogen--with monocyte-derived dendritic cells (modc) a soluble factor with a strong anti-proliferative activity for t lymphocytes was found. this activity, with an inhibitory dilution 50% (id(50)) of 10(3)-10(7), was induced after virus infection of monocytes differentiating into dc. uv--inactivation of the supernatants and blocking experiments with a monoclonal antibody against ... | 2007 | 17532055 |
| identification of a novel virus in pigs--bungowannah virus: a possible new species of pestivirus. | in 2003 an outbreak of sudden deaths occurred in 3-4-week-old piglets on a farm in new south wales, australia. there was a marked increase in the birth of stillborn foetuses. pathological changes consisted of a multifocal non-suppurative myocarditis. a viral infection was suspected but a wide range of known agents were excluded. a modified sequence independent single primer amplification (sispa) method was used to identify a novel virus associated with this outbreak. conserved 5'utr motifs, the ... | 2007 | 17561301 |
| a common neutralizing epitope on envelope glycoprotein e2 of different pestiviruses: implications for improvement of vaccines and diagnostics for classical swine fever (csf)? | the pestivirus genus within the family of flaviviridae consists of at least three species; classical swine fever virus (csfv) found in swine and wild boar, bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 and type 2 (bvdv-i and bvdv-ii) mainly isolated from cattle and border disease virus (bdv) preferably replicating in ovine species. many features demonstrate differences between csfv and other pestiviruses, bvdv-i, bvdv-ii and bdv, here defined as noncsfv, whereas other features show similarities between al ... | 2007 | 17561359 |
| characterization of interaction of classical swine fever virus ns3 helicase with 3' untranslated region. | the classical swine fever virus (csfv) full-length ns3 protein (ns3f) and the truncated ns3 protein (ns3h) with postulated helicase domain were expressed and demonstrated to have helicase activity. further, the electrophoretic mobility shift assays containing ns3h and the viral 3' terminal sequences showed that ns3h specifically bound to the plus- and minus-strand 3'utr. the minus-strand 3'utr had higher binding activity. the 21-nt fragments at the 3'-most terminal sequences of both 3'utrs were ... | 2007 | 17566586 |
| [alphavirus replicon-vectored plasmid dna-based vaccine elicits protective immunity against classical swine fever virus]. | we have shown previously that a semliki forest virus (sfv) replicon vectored dna vaccine (psfv1cs-e2) expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) conferred full protection for pigs immunized three times with 600 microg of the vaccine. this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the dna vaccine with lower dosage and fewer inoculations. pigs were immunized twice with 100 microg psfv1cs-e2 (n = 5) or control plasmid psfv1cs (n = 3), respectively. pigs immunized with psfv1cs ... | 2007 | 17577989 |
| african swine fever virus p37 structural protein is localized in nuclear foci containing the viral dna at early post-infection times. | the replication of african swine fever virus dna is initiated inside the nucleus of host cells, being followed by a longer cytoplasmic replication stage. in face of previous results demonstrating the nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling activity of asfv p37 structural protein when considered isolated from the virus infection, we performed a systematic analysis of the subcellular localization of p37 protein in asfv-infected cells, aiming at identifying the role of the nuclear transport mediated by this p ... | 2007 | 17580096 |
| recombinant e2 glycoprotein of bovine viral diarrhea virus induces a solid humoral neutralizing immune response but fails to confer total protection in cattle. | two recombinant baculoviruses were produced in order to obtain a bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) immunogen: acnpv/e2 expressing e2 glycoprotein, and acnpv/e0e1e2 expressing the polyprotein region coding for the three structural proteins of bvdv (e0, e1, and e2). mice were immunized with sf9 cells infected with the recombinant baculoviruses in a water in oil formulation and the production of neutralizing antibodies was evaluated. since e2 elicited higher neutralizing antibody titers than e0-e1 ... | 2007 | 17581680 |
| variation in e(rns) viral glycoprotein associated with failure of immunohistochemistry and commercial antigen capture elisa to detect a field strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) affects cattle populations causing clinical signs that range from subclinical immunosuppression to severe reproductive and respiratory problems. detection and removal of persistently infected (pi) calves is the single most important factor for control and eradication of bvdv. current testing strategies to detect pi calves rely heavily on immunohistochemistry (ihc) and a commercially available antigen capture elisa (ace) assay. these viral assays depend on 1 or ... | 2007 | 17582710 |
| expression and functional characterization of classical swine fever virus e(rns) protein. | e(rns) is an envelope glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) with unusual rnase activity. recently, e(rns) was found to have a new function of counteracting the beta-interferon (ifn-beta) induction pathway. in this study, wildtype ernssm and two mutated e(rns) proteins ernsh297k and ernsh346k were expressed in insect cells and purified for rnase activity and function analysis. rnase activity assay in vitro demonstrated that only wildtype e(rns) protein had rnase activity. however, bo ... | 2007 | 17587595 |
| a search for structurally similar cellular internal ribosome entry sites. | internal ribosome entry sites (ires) allow ribosomes to be recruited to mrna in a cap-independent manner. some viruses that impair cap-dependent translation initiation utilize ires to ensure that the viral rna will efficiently compete for the translation machinery. ires are also employed for the translation of a subset of cellular messages during conditions that inhibit cap-dependent translation initiation. ires from viruses like hepatitis c and classical swine fever virus share a similar struct ... | 2007 | 17591613 |
| efficient priming against classical swine fever with a safe glycoprotein e2 expressing orf virus recombinant (orfv vrv-e2). | an increasing demand in livestock animal husbandry for intervention or emergency vaccination strategies requires a rapid onset of protection linked to prevention of infectious agent spread. using the new recombinant parapoxvirus (ppv) orf virus (orfv) as a vaccine expressing the csfv e2 glycoprotein we demonstrate that a single intra-muscular application confers solid protection. in the prime only concept, multi-site application of the vector vaccine turned out to be superior to single-site appl ... | 2007 | 17600594 |
| [monitoring of infectious diseases among wild boars]. | sixty-seven serum samples and 43 pathological material samples from wild boars, taken in 5 regions of russia and in the kharkov region of the ukraine in 2002 to 2005 were studied. wild boars in some regions of russia were shown to be carriers of aujeszky's disease virus, porcine parvovirus, porcine circovirus type 2, lymphotropic herpesvirus-1, porcine cytomegalovirus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. the classical swine fever (csf) virus genome was detected by polymerase chai ... | 2007 | 17601049 |