Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| prosthetic bypass with a distal vein patch for limb salvage. | certain patients require tibial bypass for limb salvage without adequate vein available as the conduit. polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) bypasses result in decreased patency prompting the addition of venous tissue at the distal anastomosis as cuffs, collars, and boots. we assessed feasibility and graft patency of a distal vein patch (dvp) interposed between ptfe and the tibial artery. | 1997 | 9293838 |
| autopathogenic t helper cell type 1 (th1) and protective th2 clones differ in their recognition of the autoantigenic peptide of myelin proteolipid protein. | we previously generated a panel of t helper cell 1 (th1) clones specific for an encephalitogenic peptide of myelin proteolipid protein (plp) peptide 139-151 (hslgkwlghpdkf) that induces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) upon adoptive transfer. in spite of the differences in their t cell receptor (tcr) gene usage, all these th1 clones required w144 as the primary and most critical tcr contact residue for the activation. in this study, we determined the tcr contact residues of a pane ... | 0 | 9294141 |
| cryosurgical ablation of the normal ventral prostate plus adjuvant does not protect copenhagen rats from dunning prostatic adenocarcinoma challenge. | we wished to determine if cryosurgical ablation of the normal ventral prostate of copenhagen rats confers protective immunity against a subsequent challenge with dunning r3327 matlylu prostatic adenocarcinoma. in human melanoma, tumor antigens have been characterized as normal cellular proteins. we reasoned that cryosurgical ablation of the normal prostate along with immunostimulatory adjuvants might release prostatic antigens to the immune system engendering an immune response and rendering rat ... | 1997 | 9302178 |
| factors associated with peer social competence in preadolescents with craniofacial anomalies. | examined factors associated with peer social competence in preadolescents with craniofacial anomalies (cfa). preadolescents with relatively greater social competence reported more frequent companionship with peers, and more positive harter (1985) self-perception profile for children perceptions of physical appearance and scholastic and athletic competence; their parents were more likely to encourage them to interact with peers. preadolescents lower on social competence reported more loneliness a ... | 1997 | 9302844 |
| internal validity of the disruptive behavior disorder symptoms: implications from parent ratings for a dimensional approach to symptom validity. | a dimensional approach was used to evaluate the internal validity of the dsm-iii-r adhd-inattention, adhd-hyperactivity/impulsivity, oppositional defiant disorder (odd), and conduct disorder (cd) symptoms (i.e., whether a symptom has a stronger correlation with its own dimension that the other three). parents rated 4,019 children between the ages of 2 and 19 on these symptoms. the results showed that 5 of the 6 inattention symptoms, 3 of the 4 hyperactivity symptoms, 1 of the 4 impulsivity sympt ... | 1997 | 9304447 |
| comparison of digital subtraction and cut film arteriography in the evaluation of suspected thoracic aortic injury. | to determine whether intraarterial digital subtraction arteriography (dsa) is as sensitive and specific as cut film arteriography (cfa) in the evaluation of suspected aortic injury resulting from blunt chest trauma. | 2016 | 9314371 |
| role of interleukin 12 and costimulators in t cell anergy in vivo. | the induction of t cell anergy in vivo is thought to result from antigen recognition in the absence of co-stimulation and inflammation, and is associated with a block in t cell proliferation and th1 differentiation. here we have examined the role of interleukin (il)-12, a potent inducer of th1 responses, in regulating this process. t cell tolerance was induced by the administration of protein antigen without adjuvant in normal mice, and in recipients of adoptively transferred t cells from t cell ... | 1997 | 9314560 |
| induction of tissue-specific autoimmune prostatitis with prostatic acid phosphatase immunization: implications for immunotherapy of prostate cancer. | prostatic acid phosphatase (pap) is uniquely expressed in prostatic tissue and prostate cancer. in this study, the immunogenicity of pap was investigated in a male rat model. we show that immunization with recombinant rat or human pap in cfa leads to a significant ab response, but does not generate ctl or result in autoimmune prostatitis. in contrast, immunization with recombinant vaccinia expressing human pap, but not rat pap, generates a ctl response and tissue-specific prostatitis in the abse ... | 1997 | 9317107 |
| prevention of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by intrathymic s-antigen injection. | the objective of this paper was to determine whether intrathymic injection of retinal s-antigen (s-ag) can prevent experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau) in lewis rats. lewis rats were injected intrathymically with 25-100 micrograms of s-ag in 100 microliters split between thymic lobes. controls received vehicle alone (pbs) or 100 micrograms of bsa. animals were immunized two weeks later with 100 micrograms of s-ag in cfa with or without pertussis toxin (0.5 micrograms/rat). clinical ocular ... | 1997 | 9326761 |
| production of highly potent horse antivenom against the thai cobra (naja kaouthia). | naja kaouthia (nk) causes the highest fatality due to snake venom poisoning in thailand. the specific antivenom produced is of low potency and in short supply. the aim of this study was to improve the antivenom potency. bentonite and complete freund's adjuvants (cfa) and various immunogens were compared. six groups of three to five horses were immunized as follows: group 1, nk venom adsorbed on bentonite; group 2, nk venom in cfa; group 3, nk venom in cfa in multi-emulsion formulation; group 4, ... | 1997 | 9330463 |
| a critical role for lymphotoxin in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. | the lymphotoxin (lt)/tumor necrosis factor (tnf) family has been implicated in the neurologic inflammatory diseases multiple sclerosis (ms) and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae). to determine the role of individual family members in eae, c57bl/6 mice, lt-alpha-deficient (lt-alpha-/- mice), or lt-beta-deficient (lt-beta-/- mice), and their wild-type (wt) littermates were immunized with rat myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (mog) peptide 35-55. c57bl/6 and wt mice developed chronic, ... | 1997 | 9334362 |
| occurrence, distribution, and associations of o and h serogroups, colonization factor antigens, and toxins of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is a leading cause of infectious diarrhea worldwide. four categories of antigens have been commonly studied: o serogroup, h serogroup, colonization factor antigens (cfa), and toxins. a database has been complied from published reports of nearly 1,000 etec isolates from 18 locations and analyzed to determine the occurrence, distribution, and associations of o serogroup, h serogroup, cfa, and toxin type. tables listing the associations of antigens are presen ... | 1997 | 9336662 |
| photodynamic treatment of red blood cell concentrates for virus inactivation enhances red blood cell aggregation: protection with antioxidants. | photodynamic treatment (pdt) using phthalocyanines and red light appears to be a promising procedure for decontamination of red blood cell (rbc) concentrates for transfusion. a possible complication of this treatment may be induced aggregation of rbc. the production of rbc aggregates was measured with a novel computerized cell flow properties analyzer (cfa). the pdt of rbc concentrates with sulfonated aluminum phthalocyanine (aipcs4) and the silicon phthalocyanine pc 4 under virucidal conditions ... | 1997 | 9337623 |
| evaluation of a training program for persons with sci paraplegia using the parastep 1 ambulation system: part 5. lower extremity blood flow and hyperemic responses to occlusion are augmented by ambulation training. | to test whether 12 weeks of exercise conditioning using functional neuromuscular stimulation (fns) ambulation alters the resting lower extremity blood flow and hyperemic responses to vascular occlusion in subjects with paraplegia, and to determine whether an association exists between limb flow and lower extremity fat-free mass. | 1997 | 9344298 |
| the effect of linomide, an immunoregulator in experimental autoimmune diseases, on humoral antibody responses in mice. | linomide (quinoline-3-carboxamide), a well tolerated, orally administered compound was recently shown to be effective in the prevention and treatment of several autoimmune diseases in experimental animal models. we have investigated its effect on specific humoral immune responses directed to t-cell-dependent soluble or particulate antigens and to a t cell-independent antigen in several mouse strains. linomide administered after antigen priming did not affect primary and secondary antibody respon ... | 1997 | 9344330 |
| specific activation of the cysteine protease cpp32 during the negative selection of t cells in the thymus. | cysteine proteases of the ced-3 and ice family have been recently proposed as the ultimate executioners in several mammalian cell death pathways. among them, the cysteine protease cpp32 has been shown to participate in programmed cell death (pcd), or apoptosis, affecting lymphoid cells in vitro. in the thymus, negative selection is a mechanism through which developing thymocytes expressing a tcr with high affinity for self peptide-mhc complexes are eliminated by pcd. in order to investigate the ... | 1997 | 9348308 |
| critical points of tumor necrosis factor action in central nervous system autoimmune inflammation defined by gene targeting. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-dependent sites of action in the generation of autoimmune inflammation have been defined by targeted disruption of tnf in the c57bl/6 mouse strain. c57bl/6 mice are susceptible to an inflammatory, demyelinating form of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) induced by the 35-55 peptide of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. direct targeting of a strain in which eae was inducible was necessary, as the location of the tnf gene renders segregation of the mutate ... | 1997 | 9348316 |
| adjuvant-carrageenan-induced inflammation in mice. | 1. a study was conducted to evaluate the optimum conditions for the induction of adjuvant-carrageenan-induced inflammation (acii) in swiss and dba/1 mice. 2. acii was induced in mice under experimental conditions similar to those known to be effective in rats. mice were immunized by subdermal injection of freund's complete adjuvant (cfa), followed by a subplantar inoculation of carrageenan at different times. 3. the diversities of the responses on acii between both strains of mice and rats were ... | 1997 | 9352319 |
| peptides 14vidll18 and 96feaaal101 defined as epitopes of antibodies raised against amino acid sequences of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli colonization factor antigen i fused to salmonella flagellin. | antibodies raised against four hybrid salmonella flagellins carrying amino acid sequences derived from the fimbrial subunit of the colonization factor i antigen (cfa/i) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), i.e. hybrid flagellins fla i (aa 1-15), fla ii (aa 11-25), fla iii (aa 32-45) and fla iv (aa 88-102), were not able to inhibit the in vitro binding of cfa/i-expressing etec bacteria to enterocyte-like caco-2 cells. however, one of the hybrid flagellins (fla ii) was recognized by a previ ... | 1997 | 9353922 |
| t cell functions in granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor deficient mice. | immunological functions were analyzed in mice lacking granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf). the response of splenic t cells to allo-antigens, anti-mouse cd3 mab, interleukin 2 (il-2), or concanavalin a was comparable in gm-csf +/+ and gm-csf -/- mice. to investigate the responses of cd8(+) and cd4+ t cells against exogenous antigens, mice were immunized with ovalbumin peptide or with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh). cytotoxic cd8+ t cells with specificity for ovalbumin pepti ... | 1997 | 9356488 |
| cpg oligodeoxynucleotides act as adjuvants that switch on t helper 1 (th1) immunity. | synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (odn) that contain unmethylated cpg motifs (cpg odn) induce macrophages to secrete il-12, which induces interferon (ifn)-gamma secretion by natural killer (nk) cells. since these cytokines can induce t helper 1 (th1) differentiation, we examined the effects of coadministered cpg odn on the differentiation of th responses to hen egg lysozyme (hel). in both balb/c (th2-biased) and b10.d2 (th1-biased) mice, immunization with hel in incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa) ... | 1997 | 9362523 |
| suppressive role of b cells in chronic colitis of t cell receptor alpha mutant mice. | the role of antibodies (abs) in the development of chronic colitis in t cell receptor (tcr)-alpha-/- mice was explored by creating double mutant mice (tcr-alpha-/- x immunoglobulin (ig)mu-/-), which lack b cells. tcr-alpha-/- x ig mu-/- mice spontaneously developed colitis at an earlier age, and the colitis was more severe than in tcr-alpha-/- mice. colitis was induced in recombination-activating gene-1 (rag-1-/-) mice by the transfer of mesenteric lymph node (mln) cells from tcr-alpha-/- x ig m ... | 0 | 9362534 |
| the role of cellular immunity both in the induction and effector phases of experimental allergic blepharoconjunctivitis (eac) in rats. | in allergic conjunctivitis, the early phase reaction has been studied extensively both in humans and animals. although cellular infiltration is the main feature of the late phase reaction, the role of cellular immunity remains unclear. the purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of cellular immunity both in the induction and effector phases of experimental allergic blepharoconjunctivitis (eac). to analyse the involvement of cellular immunity in the induction phase, 6-8-week-old male lewi ... | 1997 | 9367642 |
| dimensions of the dental fear survey among patients with dental phobia. | the aims of this study were to analyze and assess dimensions of the dental fear survey (dfs), which has been developed to measure dental fears and phobias. the present study of 313 dental-phobic individuals analyzed the dfs in a factor analysis using an exploratory (efa) and a confirmatory (cfa) factor analysis to show dimensions and latent variables. the efa showed a five-factor structure, with dimensions including items characterizing 'avoidance of dental care', 'physiologic arousal during den ... | 1997 | 9370030 |
| coob plays a chaperone-like role for the proteins involved in formation of cs1 pili of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | cs1 pili serve as the prototype of a class of filamentous appendages found on the surface of strains of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. the four genes needed to synthesize functional cs1 pili in e. coli k12 are: cooa, which encodes the major pilin protein; cood, which encodes a minor pilin protein found at the tip of the structure; cooc, which encodes a protein found in the outer membrane of piliated bacteria; and coob. we show here that coob, which is required for pilus assembly but is not pa ... | 1997 | 9371833 |
| toxicity and occupational health hazards of coal fly ash (cfa). a review of data and comparison to coal mine dust. | coal fly ashes (cfa) are complex particles of a variable composition, which is mainly dependent on the combustion process, the source of coal and the precipitation technique. toxic constituents in these particles are considered to be metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and silica. the purpose of this review was to study the in vitro and in vivo data on coal fly ash and relate the studied endpoints to the role of (crystalline) silica, considering its recent classification as a human carcinog ... | 1997 | 9375525 |
| antigen-specific chemotaxis of b cells. | the chemoattractant effect of soluble protein antigens for b cells from immunized mice was examined. mice were immunized either via the footpad with ovalbumin (ova) in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) or with cfa alone; or intraperitoneally with ova incorporated in immune-stimulating complexes (ova-iscom) or with saline. after 8-14 days b cells were purified from the spleens or the draining popliteal nodes and tested in vitro for locomotor responses to antigen using polarization (shape-change) a ... | 1997 | 9378498 |
| copolymer 1 induces t cells of the t helper type 2 that crossreact with myelin basic protein and suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. | the synthetic amino acid copolymer copolymer 1 (cop 1) suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) and is beneficial in multiple sclerosis. to further understand cop 1 suppressive activity, we studied the cytokine secretion profile of various cop 1-induced t cell lines and clones. unlike t cell lines induced by myelin basic protein (mbp), which secreted either t cell helper type 1 (th1) or both th1 and th2 cytokines, the t cell lines/clones induced by cop 1 showed a progressively ... | 1997 | 9380718 |
| immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing the cpg motif are effective as immune adjuvants in tumor antigen immunization. | recent advances in our understanding of the immune response are allowing for the logical design of new approaches to cancer immunization. one area of interest is the development of new immune adjuvants. immunostimulatory oligodeoxynucleotides containing the cpg motif (cpg odn) can induce production of a wide variety of cytokines and activate b cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and nk cells. using the 38c13 b cell lymphoma model, we assessed whether cpg odn can function as immune adjuvants in tu ... | 0 | 9380720 |
| enhanced immunogenicity of hiv-1 vaccine construct by modification of the native peptide sequence. | viral proteins are not naturally selected for high affinity major histocompatibility complex (mhc) binding sequences; indeed, if there is any selection, it is likely to be negative in nature. thus, one should be able to increase viral peptide binding to mhc in the rational design of synthetic peptide vaccines. the t1 helper peptide from the hiv-1 envelope protein was made more immunogenic for inducing t cell proliferation to the native sequence by replacing a residue that exerts an adverse influ ... | 1997 | 9380724 |
| epitope analysis of the cs3 fimbrial subunit of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and the construction of novel cs3::st and cs3::lt-b immunogens. | enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) are the major cause of traveler's diarrhoea and the cs3 fimbriae/fibrillae are expressed by most strains bearing the colonization factor cfa/ii. the cstah gene cluster determining cs3 biosynthesis has been previously cloned and sequenced and it has been shown that csth encodes the major fimbrial subunit and csta-g encode an assembly cassette. in the work described here we have sought to define the surface exposed domains on cs3 and to manipulate them so that cs3 ca ... | 1997 | 9382733 |
| cd19-regulated signaling thresholds control peripheral tolerance and autoantibody production in b lymphocytes. | the cd19 cell surface molecule regulates signal transduction events critical for b lymphocyte development and humoral immunity. increasing the density of cd19 expression renders b lymphocytes hyper-responsive to transmembrane signals, and transgenic mice that overexpress cd19 have increased levels of autoantibodies. the role of cd19 in tolerance regulation and autoantibody generation was therefore examined by crossing mice that overexpress a human cd19 transgene with transgenic mice expressing a ... | 1997 | 9382890 |
| modulation of experimental autoimmune neuritis in lewis rats by oral application of myelin antigens. | experimental autoimmune neuritis (ean) in lewis rats is a t cell-mediated disease and serves as an animal model of human inflammatory demyelinating neuropathies. ean can be induced by immunization with complete bovine peripheral nerve myelin (bpm), the myelin protein p2 or its neuritogenic peptide, each emulsified in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). the present study evaluates the effect of oral tolerization with bpm or p2 protein on the development of actively induced ean. oral administration ... | 1997 | 9394785 |
| nitric oxide and the immunomodulation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. | previous studies examining the effect of nitric oxide synthase (nos) inhibition on the course of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) have yielded conflicting results. this may relate to the use of nonspecific inhibitors and to differences between active and adoptive eae. we examined the effect of treatment with l-n-(1-iminoethyl)lysine (l-nil), a selective inhibitor of the cytokine-inducible isoform of nos, on the clinical course of active and adoptive eae in lewis rats. we find that w ... | 1997 | 9394811 |
| in vivo cimetidine immunomodulatory effects on the cutaneous reaction to oxazolone in the chicken. | the effect of the histamine h2-receptor antagonist, cimetidine, on the cutaneous arthus-like hypersensitivity to oxazolone elicited injecting subcutaneously oxazolone conjugated to egg-albumin (ea-ox) has been examined in the chicken. cimetidine had opposite effects on the cutaneous reaction to oxazolone in relation to a different immunization schedule. cimetidine enhanced the cutaneous reaction to oxazolone obtained immunizing chickens with oxazolone dissolved in ethanol (eth-ox); instead cimet ... | 1997 | 9403346 |
| cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: lack of association with epstein-barr virus infection. | cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (cfa) is a well defined clinical entity of unknown aetiology. an association between cfa and the presence of protein indicating epstein-barr virus (ebv) replication within epithelial cells of the respiratory tract has recently been suggested, leading to speculation for a role for ebv in the pathogenesis of cfa. | 1997 | 9404376 |
| role of b cells in antigen presentation of the hepatitis b core. | the hepatitis b virus (hbv) nucleocapsid or core antigen (hbcag) is extremely immunogenic during infection and after immunization. for example, during many chronic infections, hbcag is the only antigen capable of eliciting an immune response, and nanogram amounts of hbcag elicit antibody production in mice. recent structural analysis has revealed a number of characteristics that may help explain this potent immunogenicity. our analysis of how the hbcag is presented to the immune system revealed ... | 1997 | 9405667 |
| cyclopropane ring formation in membrane lipids of bacteria. | it has been known for several decades that cyclopropane fatty acids (cfas) occur in the phospholipids of many species of bacteria. cfas are formed by the addition of a methylene group, derived from the methyl group of s-adenosylmethionine, across the carbon-carbon double bond of unsaturated fatty acids (ufas). the c1 transfer does not involve free fatty acids or intermediates of phospholipid biosynthesis but, rather, mature phospholipid molecules already incorporated into membrane bilayers. furt ... | 1997 | 9409147 |
| antigen is required for the activation of effector activities, whereas interleukin 2 is required for the maintenance of memory in ovalbumin-specific, cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocytes. | the mechanisms that maintain memory in t cells are not completely understood. we have investigated the role of antigen and interleukin (il)-2 in the growth and maintenance of cd8+ t cells using a cytolytic t cell line specific for ovalbumin (ova)257-264 presented by h-2kb. this line does not secrete il-4 or il-2; hence, stimulation with the ova-transfected el4 line (e.g7-ova) does not induce proliferation without addition of exogenous growth factors. furthermore, this line can be maintained cont ... | 1998 | 9419210 |
| persistence of peptide-induced cd4+ t cell anergy in vitro. | clonal t cell unresponsiveness, or anergy, has been proposed as a mechanism of peripheral tolerance in vivo, and as a potential means of curbing unwanted t cell responses. in this study, anergy was induced in a t helper cell (th) clone reactive to hemoglobin (hb) peptide 64-76 by coculture of the t cells with live antigen-presenting cells (apcs) and 74l, a peptide analog of hb(64-76) that contains a single amino acid substitution of leucine for glycine at position 74, or with a low concentration ... | 0 | 9419214 |
| phylogeny of the genus flavivirus. | we undertook a comprehensive phylogenetic study to establish the genetic relationship among the viruses of the genus flavivirus and to compare the classification based on molecular phylogeny with the existing serologic method. by using a combination of quantitative definitions (bootstrap support level and the pairwise nucleotide sequence identity), the viruses could be classified into clusters, clades, and species. our phylogenetic study revealed for the first time that from the putative ancesto ... | 1998 | 9420202 |
| antibody-secreting cell responses and protective immunity assessed in gnotobiotic pigs inoculated orally or intramuscularly with inactivated human rotavirus. | newborn gnotobiotic pigs were inoculated twice perorally (p.o.) (group 1) or intramuscularly (i.m.) (group 2) or three times i.m. (group 3) with inactivated wa strain human rotavirus and challenged with virulent wa human rotavirus 20 to 24 days later. to assess correlates of protection, antibody-secreting cells (asc) were enumerated in intestinal and systemic lymphoid tissues from pigs in each group at selected postinoculation days (pid) or postchallenge days. few virus-specific asc were detecte ... | 1998 | 9420231 |
| protection from autoimmune diabetes by adjuvant therapy in the non-obese diabetic mouse: the role of interleukin-4 and interleukin-10. | insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) is an autoimmune disease that is characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets. a single administration of cfa prevents clinical hyperglycaemia in non-obese diabetic (nod) mice. we have previously shown that cfa administration does not eliminate insulitis in the pancreas of the treated animals, but diverts the disease process from a destructive to a non-destructive pathway. we provide evidence that this phenom ... | 1997 | 9429894 |
| a natural immunological adjuvant enhances t cell clonal expansion through a cd28-dependent, interleukin (il)-2-independent mechanism. | the adoptive transfer of naive cd4(+) t cell receptor (tcr) transgenic t cells was used to investigate the mechanisms by which the adjuvant lipopolysaccharide (lps) enhance t cell clonal expansion in vivo. subcutaneous administration of soluble antigen (ag) resulted in rapid and transient accumulation of the ag-specific t cells in the draining lymph nodes (lns), which was preceded by the production of interleukin (il)-2. cd28-deficient, ag-specific t cells produced only small amounts of il-2 in ... | 0 | 9432980 |
| uric acid, a natural scavenger of peroxynitrite, in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. | uric acid, the naturally occurring product of purine metabolism, is a strong peroxynitrite scavenger, as demonstrated by the capacity to bind peroxynitrite but not nitric oxide (no) produced by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells of a mouse monocyte line. in this study, we used uric acid to treat experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) in the plsjl strain of mice, which develop a chronic form of the disease with remissions and exacerbations. uric acid administration was found to have stron ... | 1998 | 9435251 |
| infection with colonization factor antigen i-expressing enterotoxigenic escherichia coli boosts antibody responses against heterologous colonization factors in primed subjects. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) adhere to the intestinal mucosa by a number of fimbrial colonization factors (cfs) that have been claimed to induce only type-specific immunity. however, adult bangladeshi patients infected with cfa/i-expressing bacteria, developed significant plasma iga antibody responses, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, not only against the homologous fimbriae but also against several heterologous cfs, i.e. cs1, cs2, cs4 and pcfo166 fimbriae. in contr ... | 1997 | 9440444 |
| cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: have we made any progress? | the interstitial lung diseases (ild) are a heterogeneous group of disorders the most common of which is cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (cfa). this article has summarized recent work in particular on the diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment of cfa, by reviewing published data accessed through medline searching. recent reports suggest a higher prevalence of cfa than previously documented (13.2-20.2/100,000 population) and a rising mortality rate. the prognosis is universally poor with 50% of pa ... | 1996 | 9441111 |
| binding of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli to isolated enterocytes and intestinal mucus. | binding of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) to the small intestine is a prerequisite for colonization and is mediated by colonization factor (cf) antigens. coli surface antigen 6 (cs6) is considered a cf but binding to isolated enterocytes has not been established. in this study bacteria expressing cs6 were analysed for binding to enterocytes from human and rabbit small intestine, isolated using either an edta-containing buffer or a buffer devoid of edta. we found that the bacteria ... | 1997 | 9441860 |
| proteolytic processing at the amino terminus of human coronavirus 229e gene 1-encoded polyproteins: identification of a papain-like proteinase and its substrate. | expression of the coronavirus gene 1-encoded polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, is linked to a series of proteolytic events involving virus-encoded proteinases. in this study, we used transfection and immunoprecipitation assays to show that the human coronavirus 229e-encoded papain-like cysteine proteinase, pcp1, is responsible for the release of an amino-terminal protein, p9, from the gene 1-encoded polyproteins. the same protein, p9, has also been identified in virus-infected cells. furthermore, us ... | 1998 | 9444982 |
| a spontaneous low-pathogenic variant of theiler's virus contains an amino acid substitution within the predominant vp1(233-250) t-cell epitope. | theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (tmev) induces immune-mediated demyelination after intracerebral inoculation of the virus into susceptible mouse strains. we isolated from a tmev bean 8386 viral stock, a low-pathogenic variant which requires greater than a 10,000-fold increase in viral inoculation for the manifestation of detectable clinical signs. intracerebral inoculation of this variant virus induced a strong, long-lasting, protective immunity from the demyelinating disease caused by ... | 1998 | 9444995 |
| immunogenicity of a 48-kilodalton recombinant t-cell-reactive protein of coccidioides immitis. | the outcome of coccidioidomycosis depends to a large extent on the effectiveness of the t-cell-mediated immune (cmi) response to the fungal pathogen. for this reason, identification of coccidioides immitis antigens which stimulate t cells is important for understanding the nature of host defense against the organism and essential for the development of an effective vaccine. here we describe the immunogenicity of a 48-kda t-cell-reactive protein (tcrp). the antigen is expressed by parasitic cells ... | 1998 | 9453590 |
| neutrophil-activating protein mediates adhesion of helicobacter pylori to sulfated carbohydrates on high-molecular-weight salivary mucin. | the in vitro binding of surface-exposed material and outer membrane proteins of helicobacter pylori to high-molecular-weight salivary mucin was studied. we identified a 16-kda surface protein which adhered to high-molecular-weight salivary mucin. this protein binds specifically to sulfated oligosaccharide structures such as sulfo-lewis a, sulfogalactose and sulfo-n-acetyl-glucosamine on mucin. sequence analysis of the protein proved that it was identical to the n-terminal amino acid sequence of ... | 1998 | 9453593 |
| analysis of the yersinia pestis v protein for the presence of linear antibody epitopes. | the v protein expressed by pathogenic yersinia pestis is an important virulence factor and protective immunogen. the presence of linear b-cell epitopes in the v protein was investigated by using a series of 17 overlapping linear peptides. groups of 10 mice were immunized intraperitoneally with 30 microg of each peptide on days 0, 30, and 60. although the v protein-specific antibody response to the peptides varied, most of the peptides elicited high antibody titers. the immunized mice were challe ... | 1998 | 9453605 |
| mapping of the t-cell epitope in the major 43-kilodalton glycoprotein of paracoccidioides brasiliensis which induces a th-1 response protective against fungal infection in balb/c mice. | the 43-kda glycoprotein of paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the major diagnostic antigen of paracoccidioidomycosis, the prevalent systemic mycosis of latin america. apart from eliciting high antibody titers, gp43 is also immunodominant in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in infected animals and humans. the cellular immune response in mice to gp43 administered in complete freund's adjuvant involves cd4+ th-1 lymphocytes, secreting gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) and interleukin 2 (il-2) but n ... | 1998 | 9453642 |
| resident and infiltrating cells in the rat iris during the early stages of experimental melanin protein-induced uveitis (emiu). | experimental melanin protein-induced uveitis (emiu) is reported to be a model of anterior uveitis and choroiditis in which the retina is spared. in this study, we chose to compare emiu with experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (eau), a well-recognised model of endogenous posterior uveitis, with regard to the nature and dynamics of the cellular infiltrate in the iris. female lewis albino rats were immunised with mixtures of crude retinal extract/complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) (eau), phosphate- ... | 1997 | 9455739 |
| diarrheagenic escherichia coli. | escherichia coli is the predominant nonpathogenic facultative flora of the human intestine. some e. coli strains, however, have developed the ability to cause disease of the gastrointestinal, urinary, or central nervous system in even the most robust human hosts. diarrheagenic strains of e. coli can be divided into at least six different categories with corresponding distinct pathogenic schemes. taken together, these organisms probably represent the most common cause of pediatric diarrhea worldw ... | 1998 | 9457432 |
| expression of inos, enos, and peroxynitrite-modified proteins in experimental anti-myeloperoxidase associated crescentic glomerulonephritis. | nitric oxide radicals are recognized as important mediators in various physiological and pathophysiological processes. during inflammation, increased amounts of nitric oxide (no) are produced, but it is unclear whether no radicals are either protective or harmful. to obtain more insight into the role of no in glomerular inflammation, we studied the temporal expression of endothelial no synthase (enos) and inducible nos (inos) in conjunction with platelet aggregation, inflammatory cell influx, su ... | 1998 | 9461097 |
| an interleukin (il)-10/il-12 immunoregulatory circuit controls susceptibility to autoimmune disease. | cells of the innate immune system secrete cytokines early in immune responses that guide maturing t helper (th) cells along appropriate lineages. this study investigates the role of cytokine networks, bridging the innate and acquired immune systems, in the pathogenesis of an organ specific autoimmune disease. experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae), a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, is widely used as an animal model for multiple sclerosis. we demonstrate that interleuk ... | 1998 | 9463404 |
| autoreactivity of t cells from nonobese diabetic mice: an i-ag7-dependent reaction. | mice bearing the i-ag7 class ii major histocompatibility complex molecules contain a high number of spontaneous autoreactive t cells, as estimated by limiting-dilution assays. we found this autoreactivity in various strains that bear the i-ag7 molecule, such as the nonobese diabetic (nod) mouse strain, which spontaneously develops autoimmune diabetes. however, nod mice strains that do not express the i-ag7 molecule, but instead express i-ab, do not have a high incidence of autoreactive t cells. ... | 1998 | 9465083 |
| photo-oxidized bovine arterial grafts: short-term results. | biologic grafts are the conduit of choice for vascular reconstructive procedures. the short-term thrombogenicity, patency, and stability of bovine arterial grafts, altered by a dye-mediated photo-oxidation process, was evaluated in the canine common femoral vein (cfv) and artery (cfa) model. modified bovine interposition grafts were implanted in the cfv of 12 dogs and in the cfa of 11 dogs, respectively. polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) implants on the contralateral side served as controls. patenc ... | 1998 | 9466507 |
| lack of orally induced systemic unresponsiveness in ifn-gamma knockout mice. | splenic t cells isolated from balb/c mice that had been mucosally tolerized by oral administration of 25 mg of ova revealed selective increases in ifn-gamma production with impaired levels of il-2, il-4, il-5, and il-10. these mice possessed reduced splenic ova-specific t cell proliferative and delayed-type hypersensitivity responses when compared with nontolerized controls. further, ova-specific igg ab responses in serum and the numbers of igg ab-forming cells in spleen were significantly dimin ... | 1998 | 9469425 |
| trna(arg) (fimu) and expression of sef14 and sef21 in salmonella enteritidis. | a tn10 insertion affecting sef14 fimbrial synthesis in salmonella enteritidis was located 13 bp upstream of a gene designated fimu. the 77-bp dna sequence of fimu from s. enteritidis was identical to that of fimu encoding trna(arg) (ucu) from salmonella typhimurium and 96% identical to that of the escherichia coli argu homolog. furthermore, the open reading frame adjacent to and overlapping the 3' end of fimu was similar to the prophage dlp12 integrase gene. the fimu-encoded transcript comigrate ... | 1998 | 9473037 |
| role of chronic inflammation in the promotion of prostatic hyperplasia in rats. | chronic prostatitis is a common histopathological finding in prostatectomized patients. a possible interrelationship between the presence of leukocyte exudate and the extent of the hyperplastic lesions has been suggested. the aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of the immunomodulator compounds, complete freund adjuvant (cfa) and cyclosporin a (csa), administered alone or together with citral on the induction and extent of rat prostatic hyperplasia. | 1998 | 9474230 |
| epidemiology of permanent childhood hearing impairment in trent region, 1985-1993. | this retrospective study of permanent childhood hearing impairment (pchi) > or = 40 db hl in children born between 1985 and 1993 and resident in trent health region, achieved an ascertainment of 92.9% of that expected from previous studies and 100% for the subset of children born between 1985 and 1990. the prevalence rate of all permanent hearing impairment > or = 40 db hl for the birth cohort 1985-90 is 133 (95% confidence interval, (ci) 122-145) per 100,000 live births (1 in 750). sixteen per ... | 1997 | 9478287 |
| monocyte chemotactic protein 1 regulates oral tolerance induction by inhibition of t helper cell 1-related cytokines. | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) is a t cell-mediated autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that serves as an animal model for multiple sclerosis. antigen-specific tolerance regimens, including oral tolerance, have been used prophylactically to prevent development of acute eae as well as a number of other autoimmune diseases. two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the immunologic basis for disease inhibition: bystander immune suppression and clonal a ... | 0 | 9480983 |
| prevention of th2-mediated murine allergic airways disease by soluble antigen administration in the neonate. | it has been demonstrated recently that neonatal antigen administration in the mouse can lead to priming for th2-mediated immune responses. this observation has important implications for the development of vaccination strategies in humans, particularly for individuals who may be predisposed to atopy or asthma. in this paper it is shown that although i.p. administration of antigen (100 microg) in adjuvant to the neonate does indeed prime for th2-mediated disease in mice [allergic airways disease ... | 1998 | 9482904 |
| cd81 on b cells promotes interleukin 4 secretion and antibody production during t helper type 2 immune responses. | mice lacking cd81 (tapa-1), a widely expressed tetraspanin molecule, have impaired antibody responses to protein antigens. this defect is specific to antigens that preferentially stimulate a t helper 2 response (ovalbumin or keyhole limpet hemocyanin in alum) and is only seen with t cell-dependent antigens. absence of cd81 on b cells is sufficient to cause the defect. also, antigen-specific interleukin (il) 4 production is greatly reduced in the spleen and lymph nodes of cd81-null mice compared ... | 1998 | 9482907 |
| presentation of cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide (gxm) on activated antigen-presenting cells inhibits the t-suppressor response and enhances delayed-type hypersensitivity and survival. | a hallmark of infection with cryptococcus neoformans is depression of the immune system characterized by poor inflammatory responses and loss of delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) and antibody responses. t-suppressor cell (ts) responses, elicited by the capsular polysaccharide (gxm) of the organism, are known to develop during infection. this study was undertaken to develop a method to inhibit the anti-gxm ts response and thereby study the influence of the ts response on immune responsiveness a ... | 1997 | 9486105 |
| cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis with preserved lung volumes. | cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (cfa) is an uncommon disorder of unknown aetiology characterised by interstitial fibrosis which typically shows a restrictive pattern on pulmonary function testing. some patients with cfa and relative preservation of lung volumes have been described and it has been suggested that their volume preservation may be due to concomitant emphysema. in a retrospective study the relative frequency of preserved lung volumes in cfa, its relationship to emphysema determined ... | 0 | 9487350 |
| d-lactate production and [14c]succinic acid uptake by adherent and nonadherent escherichia coli. | escherichia coli isolates of different adherence phenotypes produced different amounts of d-lactate. alterations of culture conditions did not influence the amount of d-lactate produced. the observed ph decreases in tissue culture medium corresponded with increases in d-lactate concentration. very little [14c]succinic acid was incorporated into cells during the in vitro incubation of adherent and nonadherent e. coli with hela cells, but the amounts of tracer removed from the culture medium by ad ... | 1998 | 9488374 |
| mutation in the peb1a locus of campylobacter jejuni reduces interactions with epithelial cells and intestinal colonization of mice. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of bacterial diarrhea throughout the world. we previously found that peb1 is a homolog of cluster 3 binding proteins of bacterial abc transporters and that a c. jejuni adhesin, cell-binding factor 1 (cbf1), if not identical to, contains peb1. a single protein migrating at approximately 27 to 28 kda was recognized by anti-cbf1 and anti-peb1. to determine the role that the operon encoding peb1 plays in c. jejuni adherence, peb1a, the gene encoding ... | 1998 | 9488379 |
| relationship of impairment of schistosome 28-kilodalton glutathione s-transferase (gst) activity to expression of immunity to schistosoma mattheei in calves vaccinated with recombinant schistosoma bovis 28-kilodalton gst. | sera from calves vaccinated with the recombinant schistosoma bovis-derived 28-kda glutathione s-transferase (28gst) and subsequently naturally or experimentally exposed to schistosoma mattheei were studied for their content of specific immunoglobulin g (igg) and iga antibodies to recombinant s. bovis 28gst as well as for their capacity to inhibit the enzymatic activity of the antigen. the results were analyzed in regard to the presence (natural infection) or absence (experimental infection) of a ... | 1998 | 9488407 |
| parameters for using mannan-muc1 fusion protein to induce cellular immunity. | we have previously reported preclinical studies in mice of the human mucin 1 (muc1) antigen covalently linked to the yeast cell-wall mannan polysaccharide (mfp), and shown strong cellular responses of the t1 type using mice. we now describe the optimum parameters for administration of mfp to obtain cellular immunity [as measured by the cytotoxic t cell precursor (ctlp) frequency]. in dose/response studies, in which 1 microg-150 microg was given by the i.p. route, it was clear that doses of 1-7 m ... | 1998 | 9490202 |
| resting energy expenditure in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis. | a proportion of patients with chronic airflow limitation appear to have a raised resting energy expenditure (ree). this has been suggested as the reason for weight loss which may occur in these patients. a previous study found an increased ree in patients with interstitial lung disease of mixed aetiology. we were interested in studying ree in a more homogeneous group, with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (cfa). twenty patients with cfa were studied. they were compared with 18 controls matched f ... | 1997 | 9493654 |
| alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: a case-control study. | cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (cfa) is an interstitial lung disease, which by definition is of unknown aetiology. recent evidence has suggested that smoking and occupational exposure to dusts may be environmental risk factors for the disease, but there has been little research into potential host risk factors. one previous study has suggested that the prevalence of abnormal alpha1-antitrypsin phenotypes may be increased in patients with cfa. since alpha1-antitrypsin is important in regulating ... | 1997 | 9493678 |
| antibody responses and body weights of chicken lines selected for high and low humoral responsiveness to sheep red blood cells. 2. effects of separate application of freund's complete and incomplete adjuvant and antigen. | antibody (ab) responses to srbc, bsa, mycobacterium butyricum, and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) were measured in two chicken lines divergently selected for high and low ab responses to srbc, and in a randombred control line. levels of ab binding srbc, bsa, and mycobacterium protein, but not lps were higher in the high ab producing (h) line than in the control (c) and low ab producing (l) lines (p < 0.05), and at almost every time, the l line showed significantly lower titers than th ... | 1998 | 9495490 |
| oxidative stress-related parameters in prostate of rats with experimental autoimmune prostatitis. | oxidative stress in tissues can be provoked by an augmented metabolic rate, which may sometimes be combined with a decrease in the antioxidant capacity. | 1998 | 9496901 |
| production of antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs) by murine hepatitis b virus carriers: neonatal tolerance versus antigen presentation by dendritic cells. | the inability of hepatitis b virus (hbv) transgenic mice, which express abundant hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in sera from the neonatal period onwards, to produce antibody to hbsag (anti-hbs) is considered to be due to defective function of lymphocytes. the defective function is thought to result from neonatal tolerance because antigenic challenge during the neonatal period is considered to be a tolerogenic event rather than an immunogenic one. however, a series of mixed culture experimen ... | 1997 | 9497491 |
| milk immunoglobulin with specific activity against purified colonization factor antigens can protect against oral challenge with enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is the most commonly isolated pathogen responsible for travelers' diarrhea and the cause of up to 650 million cases of pediatric diarrhea per year in the developing world. as a safe alternative to the prophylactic use of antibiotics, a hyperimmune bovine milk antibody product with specific activity against purified colonization factor antigens (cfas) was developed and evaluated in a human challenge study. twenty-five healthy adult volunteers were challenge ... | 1998 | 9498445 |
| safety and immunogenicity of an oral, killed enterotoxigenic escherichia coli-cholera toxin b subunit vaccine in egyptian adults. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is the leading cause of bacterial diarrhea in young children in developing countries. the safety and immunogenicity of a killed, oral etec vaccine consisting of whole cells plus recombinantly produced cholera toxin b subunit (rctb) was evaluated in egypt, which is endemic for etec diarrhea. seventy-four healthy egyptian adults (21-45 years old) were randomized and received two doses of the etec/rctb vaccine (e003) or placebo 2 weeks apart. the frequency of ... | 1998 | 9498468 |
| the house dust mite allergen, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, promotes type 2 responses by modulating the balance between il-4 and ifn-gamma. | a common property of allergens is their potential to generate type 2 cytokine responses. to understand the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon, we have evaluated the polarizing potential of a major allergen, dermatophagoides pteronyssinus 1 (der p 1), in an heterologous immunization system using the glutathione s-transferase of the parasite schistosoma mansoni (sm28-gst) as immunogen. in previous studies, we showed that immunization with the sm28-gst emulsified in cfa induced a nonpolarized i ... | 1998 | 9498790 |
| temperament as a predictor of symptomatology in children: addressing contamination of measures. | temperament has been conceptualized as an important predictor of children's psychological adjustment. however, even with reliable and valid measures, there is the additional problem of overlapping item content across measures of temperament and symptoms that threatens the interpretability of such associations. this study assessed this possible confounding using both confirmatory factor analysis (cfa) and expert ratings. a number of items from temperament measures of negative and positive emotion ... | 1998 | 9499565 |
| glutathione levels in antigen-presenting cells modulate th1 versus th2 response patterns. | current thinking attributes the balance between t helper 1 (th1) and th2 cytokine response patterns in immune responses to the nature of the antigen, the genetic composition of the host, and the cytokines involved in the early interaction between t cells and antigen-presenting cells. here we introduce glutathione, a tripeptide that regulates intracellular redox and other aspects of cell physiology, as a key regulatory element in this process. by using three different methods to deplete glutathio ... | 1998 | 9501217 |
| proliferation and phenotype regulation in the subventricular zone during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: in vivo evidence of a role for nerve growth factor. | proliferating cells in the subventricular zone (svz) of adult rat brain could provide a source of cells for repair attempts during degenerative diseases. however, very few reports dealt with the spontaneous regulation of this cell population during experimental conditions. in this paper, we describe an increase in the proliferation activity in the svz during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease widely used as an experimental model for human multiple sclerosis. moreove ... | 1998 | 9501242 |
| pre-emptive intrathecal mk-801, a non-competitive n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, inhibits the up-regulation of spinal dynorphin mrna and hyperalgesia in a rat model of chronic inflammation. | the effects of n-methyl-d-aspartate(nmda) receptor antagonist, mk-801, on the expression of spinal dynorphin (dyn) mrna and the hyperalgesia induced by peripheral inflammation were studied by northern analysis and behavioral test. following an unilateral injection of complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) into the rat hindpaw, there appeared a significant hyperalgesia of inflamed hindpaw and up-regulation of ipsilateral spinal dyn mrna; while the pre-emptive and continuous intrathecal administration o ... | 1998 | 9502215 |
| [devaluation of the african financial community franc and the dietary strategies of families in bamako (mali)]. | this survey, conducted in 1996, evaluated changes in the way families feed themselves caused by the effects of devaluation of the cfa franc. it involved semi-directed interviews with 64 subjects from various socio-economic backgrounds (affluent, middle-class, poor). the subjects spoke of the difficulties of daily life, lack of money and rapid, unpredictable rises in the prices of essential goods caused by the devaluation. they did not understand the reasons for the devaluation, which has caused ... | 2008 | 9503493 |
| [continuous and common epitopes present in fimbriae of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec)]. | colonization factor antigens (cfas and pcfs) are important virulence factors of escherichia coli (etec) diarrhea. antibodies to cfas produced after etec infection are protective; however, the cfa epitopes which induce protective antibodies have not yet been characterized. this study is the characterization of the immune response to cfas at molecular level and identification of the epitopes associated with inhibition of cell-adherence and protection that will lead to the development of methods to ... | 1997 | 9504082 |
| conditioned flavour aversions in sheep: the relationship between the dose rate of a secondary plant compound and the acquisition and persistence of aversions. | within the overall objective of whether ruminants are able to form conditioned aversions (cfa) toward a food flavour associated with the administration of an aversive stimulus which occurs naturally in food plants (oxalic acid, oa), two specific objectives were tested: (1) whether the rate and degree of formation of cfa are dependent on the dose rate of oa administered and (2) whether the persistence of formed cfa depends on the previous dose rate of oa. sheep were conditioned to associate the s ... | 1998 | 9505803 |
| quantitative analyses of thalamic and cortical origins of neurons projecting to the rostral and caudal forelimb motor areas in the cerebral cortex of rats. | on the basis of studies using intracortical microstimulation, the existence of rostrocaudally separate two forelimb representation areas has been inferred in the motor cortex of rats. they are termed caudal and rostral forelimb areas (cfa and rfa). in this study, it was confirmed first that rfa and cfa are located in cytoarchitectonically distinct areas (medial and lateral parts of agranular cortex, respectively). in the second part of this study, the distribution of thalamic and cortical neuron ... | 1998 | 9507093 |
| corynebacterium riegelii sp. nov., an unusual species isolated from female patients with urinary tract infections. | four strains of an unknown coryneform bacterium were isolated in pure culture from females with urinary tract infections. strong urease activity and the ability to slowly ferment maltose but not glucose were the most significant phenotypic features of this catalase-positive, nonmotile, nonlipophilic, rod-shaped bacterium which served to distinguish it from all other presently defined coryneform bacteria. chemotaxonomic investigations demonstrated that the unknown bacterium belonged to the genus ... | 1998 | 9508284 |
| growth phase and temperature influence promoter activity, transcript abundance, and protein stability during biosynthesis of the pseudomonas syringae phytotoxin coronatine. | the plant-pathogenic bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea pg4180.n9 synthesizes high levels of the polyketide phytotoxin coronatine (cor) at 18 degrees c, whereas no detectable toxin is produced at 28 degrees c. previously, we reported that the temperature-sensitive activation of three promoters within the cor biosynthetic gene cluster might explain thermoregulation of cor biosynthesis. the present study was aimed at furthering our understanding of the transcriptional as well as the postt ... | 1998 | 9515901 |
| protection against peroxynitrite-induced fibroblast injury and arthritis development by inhibition of poly(adp-ribose) synthase. | peroxynitrite, a cytotoxic oxidant formed from nitric oxide (no) and superoxide, induces dna strand breakage, which activates the nuclear enzyme poly(adp-ribose) synthase (pars; ec 2.4.2.30). the cellular function of pars was determined in fibroblast lines from pars knockout animals (pars-/-) and corresponding wild-type animals (pars+/+), with the aid of the lipophilic pars inhibitor 5-iodo-6-amino-1,2-benzopyrone (inh2bp). we investigated the role of pars in peroxynitrite-induced fibroblast inj ... | 0 | 9520459 |
| alpha/beta-t cell receptor (tcr)+cd4-cd8- (nkt) thymocytes prevent insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in nonobese diabetic (nod)/lt mice by the influence of interleukin (il)-4 and/or il-10. | we have previously shown that nonobese diabetic (nod) mice are selectively deficient in alpha/beta-t cell receptor (tcr)+cd4-cd8- nkt cells, a defect that may contribute to their susceptibility to the spontaneous development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm). the role of nkt cells in protection from iddm in nod mice was studied by the infusion of thymocyte subsets into young female nod mice. a single intravenous injection of 10(6) cd4-/lowcd8- or cd4-cd8- thymocytes from female (balb ... | 1998 | 9529321 |
| dna as an adjuvant: capacity of insect dna and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides to augment t cell responses to specific antigen. | how strong adjuvants such as complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) promote t cell priming to protein antigens in vivo is still unclear. since the unmethylated cpg motifs in dna of bacteria and other nonvertebrates are stimulatory for b cells and antigen-presenting cells, the strong adjuvanticity of cfa could be attributed, at least in part, to the presence of dead bacteria, i.e., a source of stimulatory dna. in support of this possibility, evidence is presented that insect dna in mineral oil has even ... | 0 | 9529331 |
| cd28-independent induction of t helper cells and immunoglobulin class switches requires costimulation by the heat-stable antigen. | it is well established that b7-cd28/ctla4 interactions play an important role in the induction of t helper cells for t-dependent antibody responses. however, targeted mutation of cd28 does not significantly affect production of igg and activation of cd4 t helper cells in response to infections by some viruses and nematode parasites. to test whether the cd28-independent induction of ig class switches requires costimulation by the heat-stable antigen (hsa), we compared t helper cell induction and ... | 0 | 9529332 |
| possible pulmonary embolus: evaluation with digital subtraction versus cut-film angiography--prospective study in 80 patients. | to determine whether intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (dsa) is as accurate as cut-film (film hard-copy) angiography (cfa) in the evaluation of suspected pulmonary embolus. | 1998 | 9530308 |
| pulmonary embolism: comparison of cut-film and digital pulmonary angiography. | to compare "cut-film" (film hard-copy) angiography (cfa) with digital pulmonary angiography in the detection of pulmonary embolism (pe). | 1998 | 9530309 |
| reliability and factor structure of the multidimensional pain inventory--swedish language version (mpi-s). | the psychological assessment of chronic pain is often accomplished using questionnaires such as the (west haven-yale) multidimensional pain inventory ((why)mpi) which is constructed to capture the multidimensionality of chronic pain. the (why)mpi theoretically originates from behavioural and cognitive behavioural theories of pain. it is divided into three parts and measures psychosocial and behavioural consequences of pain. this questionnaire has displayed satisfactory psychometric properties an ... | 1998 | 9539679 |
| biochemical and genetic characterization of a prevotella intermedia/nigrescens-like organism. | thirty-three previously non-typable faintly pigmented gram-negative anaerobic bacterial isolates, biochemically most closely related to prevotella intermedia and prevotella nigrescens, were analysed for enzymic reactions, cellular fatty acid (cfa) composition, electrophoretic mobility of malate and glutamate dehydrogenases, hybridization with p. intermedia and p. nigrescens species-specific oligonucleotide probes and, for genetic heterogeneity, by arbitrarily primed pcr (ap-pcr). p. intermedia a ... | 1998 | 9542074 |
| nasal administration of multiple antigens suppresses experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis, encephalomyelitis and neuritis. | oral tolerization with acetylcholine receptor (achr) and myelin basic protein (mbp) prior to immunization with achr+mbp+ complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) alleviated clinical signs of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (eamg)+experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) and achr- or mbp-specific t and b cell responses. tolerance induced via the nasal route needs much less tolerogen and may still be as effective as oral tolerance induction. we now immunized lewis rats with achr+mbp+bovine ... | 1998 | 9562316 |