Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| zidovudine inhibits hepatitis b virus replication. | hepatitis b virus dna polymerase is a viral enzyme that can use viral dna as well as viral rna as a template for dna synthesis. since both activities are essential for the production of new virus particles, blocking of this enzyme should reduce viral replication. in the present study the in vitro effect of zidovudine triphosphate on hepatitis b virus dna polymerase activity and the in vivo effect of zidovudine on viral replication in chronic hbsag-positive patients are investigated. zidovudine t ... | 1992 | 1444323 |
| cloning and characterization of cdnas coding for heavy and light chains of a monoclonal antibody specific for pre-s2 antigen of hepatitis b virus. | binding specificity of a monoclonal antibody (mab) (kappa, gamma 2b) h8 which can react with the pre-s2 peptide of hepatitis b virus (hbv) was determined by western blot analyses. from the hybridoma cell line secreting mab h8, poly(a)+ rna was prepared and used as a template for cdna synthesis and cloning. full-length cdnas coding for the heavy and kappa light chains of the mab were cloned from the cdna library and characterized by nucleotide (nt) sequence analyses and n-terminal amino acid sequ ... | 1992 | 1446832 |
| recurrence of hepatitis b and delta hepatitis after orthotopic liver transplantation. | the clinical course of 10 liver transplant recipients who had hepatitis b virus (hbv) and five recipients with hbv and d (delta) infection before transplantation is described. six patients who underwent eight transplants died. the estimated one and two year survival rates in patients with hbv only before transplantation were 74% and 67% respectively. the estimated one and two year survival in patients with hbv and hdv infection beforehand was 100%. graft infection by hbv occurred in 8 of 10 pati ... | 1992 | 1446866 |
| hepatitis b virus precore mutants are identical in carriers from various ethnic origins and are associated with a range of liver disease severity. | hepatitis b virus carriers in israel are mostly hbeag negative, of whom 5% to 10% have circulating hepatitis b virus. recently, a hepatitis b virus variant with a stop codon in the precore region was identified, and it was suggested that specific mutations are associated with fulminant or severe chronic active hepatitis. we have analyzed serum samples from hbeag-positive and hbeag-negative patients by polymerase chain reaction, using primers spanning the precore/core region. nucleotide sequence ... | 1992 | 1446889 |
| tetrapeptide qdpr is a minimal immunodominant epitope within the pres2 domain of hepatitis b virus. | a hepatitis b virus pres2 deletion library with the pres2 sequence fused to the coat protein of the rna phage fr (fr cp) as a carrier has been constructed and used for the approximate localization of epitope recognized by a panel of murine monoclonal anti-pres2 antibodies. dna copies of putative pres2 epitopes were synthesized and cloned within the fr cp gene. tetrapeptide gln-asp-pro-arg (qdpr) corresponding to the pres (132-135) sequence was found to be the minimal sufficient recognition site ... | 1992 | 1446923 |
| the pathogenesis of vacuoles produced in rat and mouse liver cells by a conjugate of adenine arabinoside monophosphate with lactosaminated albumin. | a conjugate of adenine arabinoside monophosphate with lactosaminated albumin produced vacuoles in hepatic cells of rats and mice when given at doses 5-10 times higher than that (35 mg/kg) capable of inhibiting hepatitis b virus replication in patients with chronic hepatitis b. the vacuoles were due to the swelling of secondary lysosomes probably caused by incapacity of the lysosomal enzymes to rapidly digest large amounts of conjugate into products able to cross the lysosomal membrane. although ... | 1992 | 1447497 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b virus in kurdish refugees. | 1992 | 1447510 | |
| [efficiency of prevaccination screening of anti-hbc in the anti-hepatitis b vaccination programs]. | the convenience of carrying out pre-vaccination screening of vhb markers depends on the relative costs of screening and vaccination and also on the prevalence of susceptible subjects in each group of the population. the aim of the present work was to analyse the efficiency of pre-vaccination screening of antihbc in catalonia in 1991. | 1992 | 1447934 |
| immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis b vaccine in urban black children from ga-rankuwa, bophuthatswana, south africa. | many areas in southern africa have a relatively high endemicity for hepatitis b for which the only effective medical measure is vaccination. the aim of this study was to evaluate the antibody response to a recombinant hepatitis b vaccine (engerix b; smith kline-beecham) in a black urban population, with the use of the recommended regimen and a low dose, short course. one hundred eleven children seronegative for hepatitis b virus (5 to 19 years old) were randomized to receive one of the two vacci ... | 1992 | 1448312 |
| safety and efficacy of interferon alpha-2b following prednisone withdrawal in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis b. a case-controlled, randomised study. | the therapeutic effects of interferon alpha-2b (intron a; scherag) in patients with chronic active hepatitis caused by hepatitis b virus (hbv) were assessed in a randomised, case-controlled clinical trial conducted between january 1988 and june 1990. treatment involved a short course of prednisone followed by interferon alpha-2b, initially 10 million u by subcutaneous injection, 3 times a week for 16 weeks. all patients were symptomatic, were known to have had hepatitis b surface antigen and hep ... | 1992 | 1448711 |
| identification of a binding protein to the x gene promoter region of hepatitis b virus. | the x protein of hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a transactivator to homologous and heterologous viral and cellular transcriptional regulatory elements. one sequence-specific binding protein, whose binding site located from nt 1102 to nt 1117 of hbv dna, was identified by mobility shift assay and dnase i foot-printing analysis. a cat assay experiment demonstrated this 16-bp binding site to have a promoter activity in the x gene transcription. the 58-bp dna fragment (nt 1085 to nt 1142), which contain ... | 1992 | 1448911 |
| variants of hepatitis b virus. | 1992 | 1448960 | |
| manufacture and in vitro characterization of a solvent/detergent-treated human plasma. | we have developed a modified solvent/detergent (s/d) treatment to inactivate viruses in human plasma using 1% w/w final concentration of tri(n-butyl) phosphate (tnbp) and triton x-100 and an incubation period of 4 h at 30 degrees c. the procedure inactivates > or = 10(6) chimpanzee-infectious doses (cid50) of hbv, > or = 10(5) cid50 of hcv, and > or = 10(6.2) tissue culture infectious doses (tcid50) of hiv. after virus inactivation, eleven plasma batches were lyophilized and 12 batches were deep ... | 1992 | 1448962 |
| [orthotopic liver transplantation in hepatic cirrhosis: on the problem of infection of the transplant with persistent hepatitis viruses]. | 269 orthotopic liver transplantations (olt) were performed in 253 patients at our institution from september 1988 to may 1992. 121 patients had end-stage cirrhosis secondary to viral hepatitis type b, delta, or type non-a non-b and c respectively. reinfection of the graft by persistent viruses is a potential complication in these cases. passive immunization with anti-hbs hyperimmunoglobulin (hig) can prevent clinically relevant reinfection of the graft in patients with hepatitis b virus (hbv) in ... | 1992 | 1449005 |
| hepatitis b and renal transplantation: dangling the sword of damocles? | 1992 | 1449162 | |
| pcr analysis of hbv infected sera: relationship between expression of pre-s antigens and viral replication. | in order to determine the biological significance of the pre-s antigens in hbv infection, hbsag sera were tested for the presence of pre-s1 and pre-s2. hbv dna was detected by spot-hybridization and pcr. the data show a complete correlation between pre-s antigenemia and hbv dna replication in anti-hbe positive cases. pcr but not spot-hybridization was adequately sensitive to also detect hbv dna in roughly half of the pres negative sera as well. thus pcr appears to be a valuable technique for det ... | 1992 | 1450677 |
| detection of hbv dna by pcr in serum from an hbsag negative blood donor implicated in cases of post-transfusion hepatitis b. | an hbsag negative blood donor, and three of her recipients, who developed hbsag positive post-transfusion hepatitis b, were all positive for serum hbv dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and by subtype discriminating pcr were found to harbour hbv specifying ayw. thus hbv specifying ayw. thus hbv dna may be detected and sub-typed by pcr in infectious hbsag negative individuals. | 1992 | 1450678 |
| chronic viral hepatitis in children. | hepatitis b virus is the most common causative agent of chronic viral hepatitis in children. the disease may take an aggressive course, but remains mostly asymptomatic. hdv infection occurs in about 13% of those children who are chronic carriers and are hbsag positive. hcv infection is generally related to parenteral risk and generally remains asymptomatic. in addition to describing the course of the various diseases, treatment and control measures are discussed. | 1992 | 1450698 |
| effect of prednisone priming followed by alfa-interferon in treatment of children with chronic hepatitis b: an interim analysis of a controlled trial. | a six-month analysis of a controlled trial on the treatment of chronic hepatitis b in children shows that prednisone priming followed by alpha-interferon 2a was effective in 6 of 9 treated patients in reducing hbv replication and disease activity. | 1992 | 1450701 |
| antibody to hepatitis c virus in acute, self-limited, type b hepatitis. | sera from 104 patients with self-limited, acute type b hepatitis were tested for the presence of anti-hcv antibodies. the results show that especially drug users with acute type b (and occasionally coinfected with type d) hepatitis commonly are infected with hcv. furthermore, hcv infection may have preceded infection with the other agents and may be responsible for high alt levels. | 1992 | 1450712 |
| absence of free core antigen in anti-hbc negative viremic hepatitis b carriers. | using enzyme immune assay and immune electron microscopy, we have examined the sera of immune-suppressed anti-hbc negative hbv-infected patients for the presence of hbcag. our results suggest that free hbv core particles are absent or present only in minute amounts in the blood of chronic carriers and that at the most, only minimal amounts of core antigen are found on the surface of the virus particles. | 1992 | 1450721 |
| hepatitis b virus specific transcripts in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | we report on the analysis of hbv transcription in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of chronically infected patients by polymerase chain reaction amplification. our results suggest that in these cells gene expression occurs either as pregenomic or subgenomic transcripts. | 1992 | 1450723 |
| detection of transcriptionally active hepatitis b virus dna in peripheral mononuclear blood cells after infection during immunosuppressive chemotherapy using the polymerase chain reaction. | using pcr we have studied mononuclear peripheral blood leucocytes (pmbls) from hbv-infected immunosuppressed patients in order to detect the presence of hbv genomes. our results indicate that non-transient pmbl infection is common in immunotolerant carriers. in addition, the presence of pregenomic mrna sequences suggests that virus replication may take place in pmbls, possibly implicating the latter as a source of virus after replication has ceased in the liver. | 1992 | 1450725 |
| the hepatitis b virus x protein transactivation of c-fos and c-myc proto-oncogenes is mediated by multiple transcription factors. | we have constructed two expression vectors in order to study the action of the hbv 17 kd x protein on the c-fos and c-myc promoters. the results show that the promoters contain multiple elements that respond to x protein, suggesting involvement of multiple transcription factors. the exact mechanism of the interaction remains elusive, but our data allow speculation about the factors that may be influenced. | 1992 | 1450726 |
| trans-activation by hepatitis b virus x protein is mediated via a tumour promoter pathway. | we have studied the c-myc gene as a possible target of hbv x protein in liver carcinogenesis. our results indicate that trans-activation by x protein occurs via pkc/ap1 signal transduction, suggesting a possible two-step mechanism in hbv related liver carcinogenesis. | 1992 | 1450727 |
| truncated pre-s/s proteins transactivate multiple target sequences. | in order to investigate the transactivational function of hbv truncated pres/s proteins we have constructed two sets of plasmids and have tested their transactivational potential on the c-myc regulatory sequences and the tpa-responsive element. we found that pres/s proteins only become transactivationally active when truncated at the carboxy terminal end. furthermore, using immunofluorescence microscopy we determined that the proteins are located exclusively in the cytoplasm, apparently ruling o ... | 1992 | 1450728 |
| variants of hepatitis b virus. | variations in the course of disease caused by hepatitis b virus may often be attributed to genomic variants of the virus. it must be kept in mind, however, that other factors, i.e. immunocompetence of the host and new methods of detection such as pcr, may also result in apparently aberrant phenotypic expression. examples of both situations are presented here and the need is stressed for combined virological, biochemical and clinical studies. | 1992 | 1450729 |
| hepatitis b virus (hbv) genomic variations in chronic hepatitis. | using pcr we have examined the sequence of the pre-c/c region of hbv from sera of anti-hbe positive, chronically hbv-infected patients. the large majority of sera tested contained a mixture of heterogeneous pre-c sequences with 1-3 non-randomly located point mutations. some of the resultant variant viruses are incapable of synthesizing immunogenic proteins and may be involved in viral persistence in chronic carrier states. | 1992 | 1450730 |
| lack of pre-c region mutation in woodchuck hepatitis virus from seroconverted woodchucks. | woodchuck hepatitis virus, which shares a large degree of homology with human hbv, was examined for indications of mutational variants. no alteration in the pre-c region was found, but as in hbv, viral dna could still be detected by pcr after seroconversion to anti-whe. | 1992 | 1450731 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in chinese patients with viral hepatitis and hepatic failure. | anti-hcv assay with ortho kits was done in 100 blood donors and recipients and 374 cases of viral hepatitis, including 65 cases of fulminant, subacute and chronic hepatic failure. none of the 100 blood donors and recipients showed positive anti-hcv response. anti-hcv was positive in 7.6% of the patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, 9.7% of the patients with chronic active hepatitis and 23.1% of the patients with liver cirrhosis. high prevalence of anti-hcv was observed in subacute hepatic ... | 1992 | 1451557 |
| intrahepatic expression of pre-s1 and pre-s2 antigens in chronic hepatitis b virus infection in relation to hepatitis b virus replication and hepatitis delta virus superinfection. | hepatocyte expression of pre-s1 and pre-s2 in relation to hepatitis b virus replication (hepatitis b virus-dna in serum and hbcag in the liver), histological activity and hepatitis delta virus superinfection was studied by indirect immunofluorescence on frozen sections of liver specimens from 68 patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection. all 44 patients with chronic type b hepatitis had pre-s1 and pre-s2 display in the liver. the distribution of pre-s1 in the liver was membranous in one, ... | 1992 | 1452081 |
| hepatitis b virus infection in pregnant mothers and its transmission to infants. | screening for serological markers of hepatitis b virus infection was done on 500 pregnant mothers. hbsag, antihbs and hbeag were done. hbsag was positive in 3.6%, antihbs in 17.4% and hbeag in 0.4% cases. the infants born to the asymptomatic hbsag carrier mothers were followed up to 6 months to determine the vertical transmission of hbv infection. rate of transmission of infection from hbsag positive mothers to infants were 16.66% irrespective of hbeag status, whereas it was nearly 100% in case ... | 1992 | 1452257 |
| a study of hepatitis b and c prevalence and liver function in multiply transfused thalassemic and their parents. | a series of clinics were conducted in delhi, india, in january, 1990. of 54 patients with beta thalassemia major (mean age 7.6 years), 11.1% (6 out of 54) tested positive for antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti hcv antibodies) and 66.6% (36 out of 54) showed evidence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. only 7.4% (4 out of 54) were hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) positive. of their parents, 2.2% (2 out of 90) tested positive for anti hcv antibodies, 28.9% (26 out of 90) showed evidence of ... | 1992 | 1452308 |
| experimental studies on the inhibition effects of 1000 chinese medicinal herbs on the surface antigen of hepatitis b virus. | the reverse passive hemagglutination inhibition test was used in the screening of 1000 chinese materia medica for inhibitors of hepatitis b virus surface antigen. the herbal drugs were commercially available and the surface antigen was from sera of hepatitis b patients. 127 effective drugs were obtained from the survey of which 28 were highly inhibitory (8:1), 35 were moderately effective (4:1), and 64 mildly effective (2:1). further experiments with varying dosages of the drug, dosages of hbsag ... | 1992 | 1453758 |
| literature review of hepatitis b: should eye care practitioners receive a hepatitis b vaccine? | the incidence of hepatitis b infection has been steadily increasing over the last 5 years. the current literature has established that eye care practitioners are in the high risk category for contracting and transmitting this serious viral infection. hepatitis b virus (hbv) is present in all bodily fluids including tears and is considered to be more easily transmitted with a higher degree of infectiousness than human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). fortunately, unlike acquired immune deficiency sy ... | 1992 | 1454308 |
| detection of hepatitis b virus dna in human serum samples: use of digoxigenin-labeled oligonucleotides as modified primers for the polymerase chain reaction. | nonradioactive techniques have been used for the direct detection of hepatitis b virus dna in human serum samples. a comparison of two different systems using digoxigenin-labeled dna probes is presented. furthermore, oligonucleotides containing one molecule of the hapten digoxigenin at the 5'-end were prepared and used as primers for the polymerase chain reaction. amplified dna can be directly analyzed with anti-digoxigenin fab fragments labeled with alkaline phosphatase and chemiluminescent sub ... | 1992 | 1456439 |
| [the immunopathogenesis of hepatitis b]. | knowledge of hepatitis b immunopathogenesis has greatly improved in the last few years thanks to the development of new methods of lymphocyte culture and the introduction of molecular techniques in the study of the cell-mediated antiviral immune responses. some of the immune mechanisms likely responsible for liver cell injury and viral clearance during hepatitis b have recently been characterized. by using synthetic peptides and high efficiency recombinant expression vectors. hla class i restric ... | 1992 | 1457254 |
| human immunodeficiency virus as a risk factor in miscellaneous cancers. | the association of malignancies, such as non-hodgkin's lymphoma and kaposi's sarcoma, with human immunodeficiency virus infection has been recognized since the beginning of the epidemic. however, an increasing number of tumors not diagnostic of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has been described in this setting. taking into consideration that survival of patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection is increasing because of improvement of supportive care and better control of human immu ... | 1992 | 1457506 |
| clonal growth of hepatitis b virus-integrated hepatocytes in cirrhotic liver nodules. | a total of 83 cirrhotic nodules (pseudolobules) individually collected from 11 cirrhotic livers of hepatitis b virus carrier patient were analyzed for the frequency and mode of hepatitis b virus integration as well as histological features. southern blot analysis disclosed discrete bands at higher molecular weight region in 26 of 83 nodules (31.3%), indicating a clonal growth of hepatocytes with viral integration. considerable variation (0-75%) existed in the positive rates for discrete bands in ... | 1992 | 1458469 |
| probing the human antibody repertoire to exogenous antigens. characterization of the h and l chain v region gene segments from anti-hepatitis b virus antibodies. | structural studies of human antibody v regions have been largely limited to those involving the fetal repertoire, autoantibodies, and malignant cell rearrangements, leaving the "normal" repertoire relatively unexplored. in this study we describe the nucleotide sequences of the h and l chain v regions of four antibodies specific for the surface ag of the hepatitis b virus. monoclonal cell lines were derived from healthy individuals who received standard immunizations with the serum-derived or rec ... | 1992 | 1460290 |
| current seroepidemiology of hepatitis d virus infection among hepatitis b surface antigen carriers of general and high-risk populations in taiwan. | in order to assess the current seroepidemiology of hepatitis d virus (hdv) infection in taiwan where hepatitis b virus (hbv) is hyperendemic, a total of 756 voluntary blood donors, 641 prostitutes, 1,014 patients with sexually transmitted diseases (stds), and 628 drug abusers were studied. radioimmunoassays were used for testing hbv infection markers and antibody against hdv (anti-hdv) among hbsag carriers. the anti-hdv prevalence among hbsag carriers was significantly higher in std patients (9. ... | 1992 | 1460460 |
| [a case of hbv carrier with acute hepatitis type b developed after initial infection in adulthood]. | 1992 | 1460771 | |
| [low risk of acquiring the hepatitis c virus for the health personnel]. | the hepatitis c virus (hcv) is transmitted by the same routes as that of hepatitis b (hbv) and that of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). health care workers have been considered at risk although of different intensity for acquiring the hbv and hiv with the risk of acquiring the hcv being ignored. | 1992 | 1460924 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of hepatitis b virus, subtype adr (sradr) and phylogenetic analysis. | 1992 | 1461746 | |
| evidence that hepatitis d virus needs hepatitis b virus to cause hepatocellular damage. | serial liver biopsy specimens from 11 patients who had liver transplants after hepatitis d virus (hdv)-related end-stage liver disease developed were examined, allowing a novel opportunity to study the evolution of hdv infection in relation to hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection from the earliest stages. hepatitis d virus antigen was detected in liver tissue in the absence of either tissue or serologic evidence of hbv recurrence within 3 months in all eight patients biopsied at that time. after se ... | 1992 | 1462952 |
| estrogen suppresses hepatitis b virus expression in male athymic mice transplanted with hbv transfected hep g-2 cells. | hormones are known to regulate both viral and cellular genes. it has been shown previously that estrogen has an effect on liver gene transcription and mrna stability. sex hormones might have a role in the chronic persistence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. in fact, there is a male preponderance in the incidence of chronic hbv infection, and hbsag expression was reported to be much higher in male transgenic mice than in the females. we investigated the effect of estrogen on hbv gene express ... | 1992 | 1463321 |
| reactivation of hepatitis b virus infection with an unusual pattern of serological markers. | a 73-year-old man presented with acute hepatitis, judged to be a reactivation of hepatitis b virus infection. his serum samples during a follow-up time of 16 months showed an unusual pattern of serological markers. he was consistently hbeag positive, hbsag fluctuated just under the cut-off value and he had a low level of circulating anti-hbs. by electron microscopy numerous aggregates of surface antigen particles, but not complete virions were seen. he was hbv dna positive by hybridization. the ... | 1992 | 1465585 |
| absence of hepatitis delta virus infection in chronic hemodialysis and kidney transplant patients in france. | hemodialyzed patients and kidney recipients are frequently multiply-transfused and infected by hepatitis b virus (hbv). hepatitis delta virus (hdv) has a symbiotic association with hbv. the prevalence of hdv infection has, surprisingly, not been assessed in patients in hemodialysis or renal transplantation setting. we retrospectively studied the prevalence of serum delta antigen and antidelta antibodies by a microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 77 of the 80 hbsag-positive patients who under ... | 1992 | 1465775 |
| the occupational hazard of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis b virus infection. i. perceived risks and preventive measures adopted by anaesthetists: a postal survey. | we have conducted a postal survey of members of the association of anaesthetists to ascertain perceived risks and preventive measures adopted with regard to the occupational hazard of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis b virus infection. despite recognition of the infection risk and the adoption of appropriate measures when managing known infected patients, the majority of anaesthetists have not implemented simple precautions in their daily routine work. less than 16% of respondents rout ... | 1992 | 1466429 |
| the occupational hazard of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis b virus infection. ii. effect of grade, age, sex and region of employment on perceived risks and preventive measures adopted by anaesthetists. | the effect of grade, age, sex and region of employment on the attitude of anaesthetists to the possible risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection and the measures adopted to minimise the risk were assessed. as a group, anaesthetists in training were more concerned than consultants about the risk of hiv or hbv infection and, as a consequence, were more likely to adopt protective measures. a similar variation was seen with age, younger anaesthetists being mor ... | 1992 | 1466430 |
| [prevalence of serological markers of the hepatitis b virus in the out-patient population of the city of vigo]. | to discover the prevalence of serological markers of the hepatitis b virus in the out-patient population of the city of vigo. | 1992 | 1467420 |
| electron microscopic study of hepatitis b virus-associated antigens on the infected liver cell membrane in relation to analysis of immune target antigens in chronic hepatitis b. | to clarify the characteristics of cell surface pre-s2 ag, hbcag and hbeag immunohistochemically and to explore their relationship with a cellular immune target antigen, 31 liver biopsy specimens from chronic hbv carriers were examined by immunoperoxidase staining. by immune light microscopy, pre-s2 ag was detected on the liver cell membrane in 18 (58%) of the 31 cases, hbcag in 4 cases (13%) and hbeag in 4 cases (13%). pre-s2 ag frequently showed a honeycomb-like membrane expression pattern whic ... | 1992 | 1468605 |
| molecular basis of hepatitis b virus serotype variations within the four major subtypes. | amino acid residues 101 to 180 of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) were predicted by sequencing the corresponding part of the s gene of hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna in 46 hbsag-positive sera, which had been subtyped by immunodiffusion with respect to d/y, w/r, w1 to w4 and q. the sequences of the nine different hbv serotypes defined by these specificities were found to be homogeneous proving that they represent consistent variations of hbv at the genomic level. residue 127 was found to be impo ... | 1992 | 1469353 |
| [laboratory problems of chemotherapy of viral infections in humans]. | the following problems are presented and discussed: scientific and epidemiologic basis of chemotherapy, relations of antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo especially important when new-drugs are developed and evaluated, inhibitors used in medical treatment and mechanisms of their antiviral functions, genesis and nature of virus resistance, possible role of interfering defective particles. the paper is addressed both to laboratories involved in new drugs construction as well to clinical ones pe ... | 1992 | 1470577 |
| [atypical development of chronic hepatitis b: role of the b virus mutant. apropos of a case]. | 1992 | 1470785 | |
| field studies of aflatoxin exposure, metabolism and induction of genetic alterations in relation to hbv infection and hepatocellular carcinoma in the gambia and thailand. | the relative contribution of aflatoxins (af) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) to the aetiology of liver cancer remains to be determined, as does the mechanism of any interaction between these two factors. methods to measure individual exposure to af permit the assessment of this possible interaction in field studies. the measurement of af covalently bound to albumin in peripheral blood has been particularly useful in this respect. in east and west african countries the majority (75-100%) of individua ... | 1992 | 1471197 |
| [the prevalence of the markers of viral hepatitis b and delta among the population in regions differing in the level of morbidity]. | from two regions differing by the levels of incidence of hepatitis b, 2019 blood serum specimens from normal population were examined for markers of hbv infection. in moscow, among 1040 samples examined hbsag was found in 2.0%, anti-hbs in 10.0%, anti-hbc in the absence of hbsag and anti-hbs in 4.5%. in the osh province of kirgizstan, among 979 subjects examined the same markers were found in 10.3%, 22.4%, and 14.0%, respectively. in this area, hbsag was detected most frequently among infants (1 ... | 1992 | 1471341 |
| cleavage of hepatitis b virus rna by three ribozymes transcribed from a single dna template. | hepatitis b virus is a dna virus which replicates asymmetrically through reverse transcription of an rna intermediate (pregenomic rna). as a first step toward an antiviral strategy, a single synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide coding for 3 ribozyme motifs directed against three adjacent sites within the pregenomic rna was synthesized, cloned and transcribed in vitro. experiments utilizing 5' and 3' end labeling of rna demonstrated that the three ribozymes accurately cleaved hepatitis b virus substrat ... | 1992 | 1472046 |
| absence of genomes of dna tumor viruses and expression of oncogenes and growth factors in two esophageal carcinoma cell lines of chinese origin. | to study the oncogenesis of human esophageal carcinoma, the presence of dna sequences homologous to several dna tumor viruses and the expression of oncogenes and growth factor genes were examined in two esophageal carcinoma cell lines of chinese origin, ce48t/vgh and ce81t/vgh. southern blot analyses failed to detect sequences homologous to hepatitis b virus (hbv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), cytomegalovirus (cmv) or human papilloma virus (hpv) genomes. norther ... | 1992 | 1473373 |
| acute delta hepatitis without hepatitis b surface antigen detectable in the blood. | the case is described of a 42-year-old man suffering from acute delta hepatitis without hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) being detectable in his blood. tests on the patient's blood were negative for anti-hbcigm and hbeag but positive for anti-hbs, anti-hbe, hdag and anti-digm. it is well known that the delta antigen-antibody system is detectable only in hbsag carriers except rarely in persons recently recovered from acute hepatitis b virus (hbv) and delta infection. we report one of the rare ... | 1992 | 1474270 |
| assessment of former and newly developed hbv assays in a third world setting. | newly available hbv serological assays have not been established routinely in most underdeveloped countries. utilizing enzyme-immune assays to determine the presence of pre-s1 antigen and anti-pre-s2, and using two conventional hybridization techniques and the pcr assay to detect hbv-dna, we studied 30 hbsag chronic carriers and as a reference group 10 subjects whose only hbv routine marker was anti-hbc. seventy-nine percent of the hbeag positive carriers showed detectable hbv-dna by a non-radio ... | 1992 | 1474375 |
| the detection in urine specimens of igg and igm antibodies to hepatitis a and hepatitis b core antigens. | the use of urine as a noninvasive specimen for the diagnosis of hepatitis a (hav) and hepatitis b (hbv) virus infections was investigated. specimens of urine were collected at the same time as blood or saliva specimens, or singly in cases of previously serologically confirmed recent infection. the specimens were tested for igg and igm anti-hav and anti-hbc by immunoglobulin class-specific capture radioimmunoassays (gacria and macria). on the basis of assays on urine specimens it was possible to ... | 1992 | 1474376 |
| [a study of duck hepatitis b virus infection in chinese ducklings]. | intraperitoneal inoculation of duck hepatitis b virus in three different dosages (9 x 10(7), 1.8 x 10(8), 9 x 10(8) dhbv particles) into 3 to 21 day-old chinese ducklings provided from a dhbv free flock produced a persistent infection up to 93.3% in 60 animals. the serum and liver specimens of these ducklings were examined by dna dot blot hybridization on the 30th day after inoculation. the results showed that: (1) examination of viral dna in liver was more sensitive and reliable than estimation ... | 1992 | 1477940 |
| [the determination of serum hepatitis b virus dna by polymerase chain reaction in hepatitis b patients treated with alpha-interferon]. | to clarify the status of hbv in serum of chronic hepatitis b (chb) patients who were treated with alpha-interferon, we determined the serum hbv dna before and after treatment in 15 chb patients with polymerase chain reaction (pcr). before treatment all the 15 patients were hbsag and hbeag positive. hbv dna was also positive with dot-blot hybridization (db), pcr, ethidium bromide (pcr-eb) and pcr southern-blot hybridization (pcr-sbh). hbeab was negative in all the 15 patients. 12 patients has the ... | 1992 | 1478124 |
| [mutation in the pre-c gene of hepatitis b virus and anti-hbe positive chronic hepatitis b]. | 1992 | 1478131 | |
| [immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis b virus infection]. | 1992 | 1479848 | |
| dna isolation using methidium-spermine-sepharose. | 1992 | 1479904 | |
| [morphologic characteristics of hbv markers and products of iron metabolism in liver tissue in patients with hepatitis b virus]. | in the histomorphologic analysis of 126 liver biopsies with hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection the authors have met some difficulties in the interpretation of findings of three biopsies which showed the presence of hemosiderine and ferritin deposits in hepatocytes. the lack of cells with the appearance of "ground glass", that is, ground glass hepatocytes which are one of the important features of hbv infection and aberration from the standard features in some histochemical stainings are noticed i ... | 1992 | 1481464 |
| intrahepatic expression of hepatitis b core and surface antigens in chronic hepatitis delta-virus infection. | to evaluate the interference of hepatitis b virus (hbv) protein expression in the liver in chronic hepatitis delta-virus (hdv) infection, the intrahepatic expression of hepatitis b core and surface antigens (hbcag and hbsag) was studied in 36 hbsag carriers who were seropositive for anti-hdv and in 36 anti-hdv negative controls [18 with serum hepatitis b e-antigen (hbeag) and 18 with anti-hbe]. of 18 hbeag-positive patients with anti-hdv, 12 had hdv antigen (hdag) in the liver. hbcag was positiv ... | 1992 | 1484148 |
| comparison of pre-core/core hepatitis b virus region in liver tissue and serum from patients with chronic hepatitis b infection. | we examined the relationship between hbv-dna isolated from the liver and from the serum in patients with various serological characteristics of chronic hepatitis b infection. amplification and direct sequencing of the hbv pre-core/core region was carried out in 9 patients who were seropositive for hbsag and hbv-dna--4 hbeag positive and 5 anti-hbe positive. complete sequence identity was observed between hbv-dna isolated from the serum and the liver in individual patients. in addition, shortened ... | 1992 | 1484156 |
| [recombinant surface proteins of the hepatitis b virus, exhibiting the immunodominant membrane protein of the hiv-1 virus]. | 1992 | 1486344 | |
| liver damage in italian patients with hereditary hemochromatosis is highly influenced by hepatitis b and c virus infection. | we evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in 78 italian patients with hereditary hemochromatosis as well as the relation between hcv antibody (anti-hcv) status, hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and liver histology. none of the patients had been transfused or ever consumed more than 60 g of alcohol per day. eighteen showed histological signs of chronic hepatitis, active cirrhosis was present in 12, chronic active hepatitis in 4 and chronic per ... | 1992 | 1487615 |
| long term efficacy of hepatitis b immunoprophylaxis in neonates at risk: using different vaccine and schedule. | passive and active immunization for the prevention of hepatitis b virus (hbv) transmission in neonates born to hbeag positive carrier mothers was studied using different kinds and dosages of combined hepatitis b immunoglobulin (hbig) and hepatitis b vaccine. the long term efficacy of these various immunoprophylaxis programmes was evaluated up to 3 years of age. eight groups of neonates, 20 in each group, received hbig either the usual dose of 100 iu intramuscularly or intravenously or increased ... | 1992 | 1487680 |
| [occurrence of hbv serological markers in patients with chronic hepatitis]. | 1992 | 1488325 | |
| [long-term clinical observations of chronic active hepatitis hbsag (+)]. | this paper presents results of 3-18 year clinical observation of 48 patients with chronic active hepatitis hbsag (+). 40 patients had suffered viral hepatitis for a period from 6 months to 3 years (avg. 1.5 year) before chronic active hepatitis manifested. cirrhosis hepatis was a consequence of chronic active hepatitis in 52.1%, chronic active hepatitis in 45.8%, and chronic persistence in 2.1% of cases, during observation period. the average transition time from chronic active hepatitis to cirr ... | 1992 | 1488326 |
| hepatitis 'b' virus (hbv) screening in blood banks in delhi. | 1992 | 1488801 | |
| [detection of hbv-dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of anti-hiv-positive patients and its relation to other serological markers of hbv]. | hbv infection has been investigated in 47 anti-human hiv positive patients in relation to a similar group of 33 anti-hiv negative patients. serological hbv markers were found in 87% of anti-hiv positive patients. the difference in markers of viral replication (hbeag, hbv-dna) was not statistically significant between the two groups. it has been suggested that hbv infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells could be a cofactor implicated in the development of immunodeficiency due to hiv. for ... | 1992 | 1489771 |
| hepatitis b virus infection in hospital personnel. | healthcare workers are known to be prone to infection with the hepatitis b virus. we did this study, as there are only a few reports from india on the prevalence of this infection among hospital personnel, so that a rational and effective immunization policy could be evolved. | 1992 | 1490154 |
| [progress in the field of liver transplantation in the last 10 years]. | during the past 10 years, liver transplantation has developed into an established form of treatment. in 1991 alone, almost 450 liver transplants were performed in germany with a mean 1-year survival of 70%. consistent progress in the fields of organ preservation, surgical techniques, and prevention of disease recurrence has made a more than 90% 1-year survival rate achievable during the last 3 years in berlin. progress in organ preservation is based on the use of colloidal solutions, pharmacolog ... | 1992 | 1493268 |
| [hepatitis b virus vaccine. evaluation and perspectives]. | 1992 | 1493897 | |
| crescentic glomerulonephritis related to hepatitis b virus. | crescentic glomerulonephritis was diagnosed in two chronic hepatitis b surface antigen carriers. in all three biopsies performed, hepatitis b e antigen was found in glomerular capillary tufts. the first patient presented with nephrotic syndrome and acute renal failure. the glomerular pathology revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis with endocapillary proliferation, and she recovered spontaneously with normal renal function over the following 6 mo despite a persistent hepatitis b surface antigene ... | 1992 | 1495931 |
| prevention of perinatal transmission of the hepatitis b virus. outcome of infants in a community prevention program. | to assess the outcome of infants born to hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag)-positive mothers who received prenatal and infant care in a large, public health care system. | 1992 | 1496944 |
| hepatitis virus infection (hbv and hcv) in eleven japanese hemodialysis units. | to evaluate hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection in hemodialysis (hd) units, serum samples from 607 hd patients and 150 staff members at 11 hd units in japan were collected, and were compared with those from 704 ordinary blood donors as a control. serum samples subjected to a first generation elisa for antibody to hcv (anti-c100-3) and were tested by elisa for hb surface antigen (hbs-ag), antibody to hbs-ag, and antibody to hb core antigen (anti-hbc) as hbv markers. we a ... | 1992 | 1499167 |
| reactivation of precore mutant hepatitis b virus leading to fulminant hepatic failure following cytotoxic treatment. | three hepatitis b virus carriers who were hb(e)ag negative and having normal liver function developed fulminant hepatitis with evidence of hbv replication following intensive chemotherapy for non-hodgkin's lymphoma. each was continuously negative for hb(e)ag. analysis of the precore region of hbv isolated from each demonstrated that the hbv of each had a point mutation in the precore region that inhibited the synthesis and the release of hepatitis b(e) antigen. this observation suggests that all ... | 1992 | 1499451 |
| molecular hybridization techniques in current diagnosis of chronic hepatitis b in childhood. | following the cloning and sequencing of the hepatitis b virus genome, molecular hybridization techniques have been established to detect hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna in serum and liver tissue. analyses can be performed by dot blot, southern blot and in situ hybridization. hbv dna is regarded to be the most sensitive marker of viral replication and infectivity which was previously related to the presence of hepatitis b e antigen in serum and hepatitis b core antigen in liver cells. in liver tissue ... | 1992 | 1499573 |
| bilateral mycotic axillary artery false aneurysms in an intravenous drug user: unsuspected broken needle-tips pose a risk to the treating personnel. | mycotic false aneurysms due to local arterial injury from attempted intravenous injections in drug addicts are increasing in frequency. the high incidence of hiv and hepatitis b virus in parenteral drug users may present a considerable risk to the treating personnel. this paper reports the unsuspected presence of broken needle-tips in the subcutaneous tissues of an intravenous drug abuser, in association with bilateral mycotic aneurysms of the axillary arteries. broken needle-tips have the poten ... | 1992 | 1499749 |
| developmental and liver-specific expression directed by the serum amyloid p component promoter in transgenic mice. | transgenic mice were produced by microinjection of a human serum amyloid p component (hsap) gene or a fusion gene (ss) comprising the promoter for hsap (nucleotides -600 to -14 from the start codon) and the coding region of the hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag). in adult mice, both transgenes were expressed only in the liver, and thus the pattern of expression resembled that of the endogenous mouse sap gene. both hsap mrna and hbsag were first detected in liver on the second postnatal da ... | 1992 | 1500416 |
| direct detection of hepatitis b virus from dried blood spots by polymerase chain reaction amplification. | the presence of hepatitis b virus dna in the sera of individuals is the most definitive marker of an active viral infection. we have used polymerase chain reaction detection of hepatitis b virus dna directly on whole blood dried as a spot on filter paper. the method is rapid, specific, and sensitive and has the ability to detect as little as 10 virus particles by ethidium bromide staining of the polymerase chain reaction-amplified products. the method is cost-effective, and the stability of the ... | 1992 | 1500493 |
| course of hepatitis b and d virus infection in auxiliary liver grafts in hepatitis b-positive patients. a light-microscopic and immunohistochemical study. | four patients who received an auxiliary partial liver graft for decompensated liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis b (hbv), associated in two cases with hepatitis d virus (hdv) superinfection, were studied. the sequential appearance of hepatitis b and d antigens in the grafts was investigated in serial liver biopsies by immuno-histochemical methods and compared with the viral antigenic profiles of the host livers. the histological changes in the liver grafts were studied in relation to the viral exp ... | 1992 | 1500681 |
| anti-hbe-positive chronic hepatitis b with hbv-dna in the serum response to a 6-month course of lymphoblastoid interferon. | eighteen heterosexual hbsag carriers with anti-hbe- and hbv-dna-positive chronic hepatitis b (chb) were randomly assigned to receive human lymphoblastoid interferon (ly-ifn) at a dose of 5 mu/m2 i.m. three times a week for 6 months (ten cases) or no treatment (eight cases). all patients were followed for 24 months after ifn discontinuation and received a second liver biopsy. during the 6 months of treatment all patients had a progressive reduction of serum hbv-dna levels, and at the end of thera ... | 1992 | 1500686 |
| hepatitis b x antigen and polymerase antibodies in the serum of hepatitis b carriers with or without hepatitis delta virus infection. effects of interferon treatment. | previous work has shown that the hepatitis b x antigen (hbxag) and antibodies directed against the polymerase of hepatitis b virus (anti-pol) are early markers of hepatitis b virus (hbv) replication in natural infections. the present study was carried out to test the hypothesis that the appearance of one or both of these markers signaled reactivation in chronic carriers with liver disease who were treated with alpha-interferon (ifn). the results show that hbv dna decreased among the patients who ... | 1992 | 1500693 |
| hepatitis d virus superinfection remains a rare occurrence in non-drug abusers in hong kong. | recent studies from taiwan reported an increased prevalence of hepatitis d virus (hdv) superinfection as well as a spread of hdv infection to non-drug abusers. we examined the current prevalence of hdv superinfection in hong kong by testing sera from a large cohort of patients with acute and chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection, collected between january 1988 and december 1990, for igg antibody to hdv (anti-hdv). anti-hdv was detected in 13 (93%) of 14 parenteral drug abusers who had hbv-re ... | 1992 | 1500697 |
| detection of serum hbv-dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in patients before reactivation of chronic hepatitis b. | reactivation of chronic hepatitis b is characterized by the reappearance of hbv-dna in serum. the purpose of the study was to determine whether, before reactivation, hbv-dna would be detectable in serum, using a sensitive procedure of detection, namely polymerase chain reaction (pcr). we studied 17 patients with chronic hepatitis b who experienced an episode of reactivation, defined by the reappearance of hbv-dna in serum. none of these 17 sera had hbv-dna demonstrable by dot-blot hybridization ... | 1992 | 1500699 |
| immunologic and molecular basis of viral persistence. the hepatitis b virus model. | 1992 | 1500701 | |
| hcv in non-replicative chronic hbv infection. | 1992 | 1500703 | |
| rna- and dna-binding activities in hepatitis b virus capsid protein: a model for their roles in viral replication. | the hepatitis b virus capsid or core protein (p21.5) binds nucleic acid through a carboxy-terminal protamine region that contains nucleic acid-binding motifs organized into four repeats (i to iv). using carboxy-terminally truncated proteins expressed in escherichia coli, we detected both rna- and dna-binding activities within the repeats. rna-binding and packaging activity, assessed by resolving purified e. coli capsids on agarose gels and disclosing their rna content with ethidium bromide, requ ... | 1992 | 1501273 |
| a cysteine and a hydrophobic sequence in the noncleaved portion of the pre-c leader peptide determine the biophysical properties of the secretory core protein (hbe protein) of human hepatitis b virus. | the molecular basis of the biophysical and antigenic differences between the cellular core protein (hbc protein) and the secreted core protein (hbe protein) of human hepatitis b virus was examined. the data show that the properties which distinguish the hbe protein from the hbc protein are due mostly to the 10-amino-acid portion of the hbe leader sequence which remains attached to the hbe protein after cleavage. a cysteine located within this region determines the quaternary structure and the an ... | 1992 | 1501277 |
| cys residues of the hepatitis b virus capsid protein are not essential for the assembly of viral core particles but can influence their stability. | in the spherical capsid of hepatitis b virus (hbv), intermolecular disulfide bonds cross-link the approximately 180 p21.5 capsid protein subunits into a stable lattice. in this study, we used mutant capsid proteins to investigate the role that disulfide bonds and the four p21.5 cys residues (positions 48, 61, 107, and 185) play in capsid assembly and/or stabilization. p21.5 cys residues were either replaced by ala or removed (cys-185) by carboxyl-terminal truncation, creating cys-minus mutants w ... | 1992 | 1501280 |
| the precore gene of the woodchuck hepatitis virus genome is not essential for viral replication in the natural host. | a number of naturally occurring hepatitis b virus mutants that cannot synthesize the virus precore protein have been identified. such mutants have been associated with more severe forms of hepatitis, including fulminant hepatitis. the most common mutation observed is a substitution of g to a in the distal precore gene that converts a codon specifying trp (tgg) to a termination codon (tag). using oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis, we have produced the same point mutation in the precore gene of ... | 1992 | 1501300 |
| nosography and immunopathogenesis of viral hepatitis. | five viruses are responsible for the vast majority of cases of viral related hepatitis. they have been named hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis d virus (hdv), hepatitis e virus (hev). the more recent literature concerning the viral structure, the epidemiology, the serological identification, the clinical course and the prevention of each type of hepatitis is reviewed. hbv is not directly cytopathic. hepatitis is a consequence of the destruction o ... | 1992 | 1501725 |