Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| an orf virus sequence showing homology to the 14k 'fusion' protein of vaccinia virus. | the nucleotide sequence of a region of dna 30 kb from the right end of the orf virus genome has been determined. examination of the sequences revealed an open reading frame encoding a 10k peptide with significant amino acid homology to the 14k 'fusion' protein reported in vaccinia virus. the orf virus sequence has a 31% identity with the vaccinia virus protein, but a higher level of homology of core predicted residues. the secondary structure of both proteins is also similar. the occurrence of t ... | 1991 | 2033392 |
| human cytotoxic t cell responses to vaccinia virus vaccination. | recombinant vaccinia viruses have been proposed as live virus vectors in man to generate both specific humoral and cellular immune responses. the generation of such responses following revaccination was followed in five normal volunteers. all five showed elevated (35- to 6500-fold) vaccinia virus-specific igg by 14 days post-vaccination, following uncomplicated vaccination by dermal scarification. four of the five had elevated total serum immunoglobulins with increased spontaneous and pokeweed m ... | 1991 | 2033393 |
| analysis of the protective effect of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein in newcastle disease virus infection. | the role of immune responses to haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein in protection against a newcastle disease virus (ndv) infection was investigated using a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing hn (hn-rvv). live hn-rvv replicated in chickens and completely protected them from lethal infection with virulent ndv. inactivated hn-rvv also protected chickens when administered with adjuvant but not when administered without adjuvant. however, large amounts of the inactivated hn-rvv (100-fold ex ... | 1991 | 2033394 |
| a mutation in the gene encoding the vaccinia virus 37,000-m(r) protein confers resistance to an inhibitor of virus envelopment and release. | plaque formation in vaccinia virus is inhibited by the compound n1-isonicotinoyl-n2-3-methyl-4-chlorobenzoylhydrazine (imcbh). we have isolated a mutant virus that forms wild-type plaques in the presence of the drug. comparison of wild-type and mutant virus showed that both viruses produced similar amounts of infectious intracellular naked virus in the presence of the drug. in contrast to the mutant, no extracellular enveloped virus was obtained from imcbh-treated cells infected with wild-type v ... | 1991 | 2041074 |
| characterization of a molluscum contagiosum virus homolog of the vaccinia virus p37k major envelope antigen. | we present the first nucleotide sequence data for molluscum contagiosum virus (mcv), an unclassified poxvirus. a 2,276-bp xhoi fragment from a near left-terminal fragment of mcv subtype i (mcvi) and a 1,920-bp xhoi fragment from the corresponding locus of mcv subtype ii (mcvii) were sequenced and analyzed for open reading frames (orfs). a large, complete orf of 1,167 bp was present in both fragments. the putative polypeptide has a calculated molecular mass of 43 kda (p43k protein) and was shown ... | 1991 | 2041084 |
| molecular characterization of the vaccinia virus hemagglutinin gene. | the vaccinia virus hemagglutinin (ha) is a glycoprotein found on the plasma membrane of infected cells and the envelope of extracellular virus. two forms of ha (85 and 68 kda) are detected by immunoblot analysis. although hemagglutination activity is only readily detectable late in infection, the 85-kda ha appears early and accumulates throughout infection, whereas the 68-kda form appears only late in the cycle. production of the 68-kda ha but not the 85-kda ha was inhibited by either cytosine a ... | 1991 | 2041086 |
| a transcription factor for expression of vaccinia virus late genes is encoded by an intermediate gene. | a factor, designated vltf-1, that is required in vitro for specific transcription of vaccinia virus late genes was previously isolated from vaccinia virus-infected cells. subsequent genetic experiments identified three vaccinia virus genes, encoding proteins of 17, 26, and 30 kda, that together trans activate late gene expression in vivo. the purpose of this study was to determine whether vltf-1 corresponded to one of the three trans activators. toward this end, vltf-1 was further purified, the ... | 1991 | 2041091 |
| gp160, the envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, is a dimer of 125-kilodalton subunits stabilized through interactions between their gp41 domains. | the molecular masses, carbohydrate contents, oligomeric status, and overall molecular structure of the env glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1--gp120, gp160, and gp41--have been determined by quantitative electron microscopy. using purified gp160s, a water-soluble form of env purified from a recombinant vaccinia virus expression system, we have measured the masses of several hundred individual molecules by dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. when combined with ... | 1991 | 2041094 |
| simultaneous expression of the lassa virus n and gpc genes from a single recombinant vaccinia virus. | a new transfer vector was constructed that directs the insertion of two heterologous genes into the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase (tk) gene during a single recombination event. this vector, pdavac2, contains bidirectional vaccinia p7.5 early/late promoter elements and two unique cloning sites. cdna clones containing the complete coding sequences for the lassa virus (josiah strain) nucleoprotein (n) and glycoprotein (gpc) genes were inserted into the vaccinia tk gene using this transfer vector. ... | 1991 | 2042398 |
| effects of mutations in glycosylation sites and disulphide bonds on processing, cd4-binding and fusion activity of human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoproteins. | site-directed mutagenesis was used to study the biological significance of a disulphide bridge and two n-linked oligosaccharides in the cd4-binding region of the envelope glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. mutagenesis was performed in a phage m13 system at sites corresponding to the cysteine residue (amino acid 402) and the asparagine residues (390 and 447) of the env gene. the mutated env gene was inserted into a recombinant vaccinia virus under the control of the vaccinia vi ... | 1991 | 2045792 |
| nucleotide sequence of 42 kbp of vaccinia virus strain wr from near the right inverted terminal repeat. | the nucleotide sequence of 42090 bp of vaccinia virus strain wr is presented. the sequence includes the sali l, f, g and i fragments and starts near the centre of the hindiii a fragment and extends rightwards towards the genomic terminus, finishing approximately 0.5 kb internal of the inverted terminal repeat (itr). translation of this region has identified 65 open reading frames (orfs) of greater than 65 amino acids in length. fifty-one of these which do not extensively overlap other larger orf ... | 1991 | 2045793 |
| french ban immunotherapy treatment. | 1991 | 2047868 | |
| vaccinia virus: a tool for research and vaccine development. | vaccinia virus is no longer needed for smallpox immunization, but now serves as a useful vector for expressing genes within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. as a research tool, recombinant vaccinia viruses are used to synthesize biologically active proteins and analyze structure-function relations, determine the targets of humoral- and cell-mediated immunity, and investigate the immune responses needed for protection against specific infectious diseases. when more data on safety and efficacy a ... | 1991 | 2047875 |
| tfiid is required for in vitro transcription of the human u6 gene by rna polymerase iii. | we present evidence that transcription factor tfiid, known for its central role in transcription by rna polymerase ii, is also involved in rna polymerase iii transcription of the human u6 snrna gene. recombinant human tfiid, expressed either via a vaccinia virus vector in hela cells or in escherichia coli, affects u6 transcription in three different in vitro assays. first, tfiid-containing fractions stimulate u6 transcription in reactions containing rate-limiting amounts of hela nuclear extract. ... | 1991 | 2050122 |
| mechanism of antiviral and cytotoxic action of (+/-)-6' beta-fluoroaristeromycin, a potent inhibitor of s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. | (+/-)-6' beta-fluoroaristeromycin (f-c-ado) is a potent and competitive inhibitor of purified s-adenosylhomocysteine (adohcy) hydrolase isolated from murine l929 cells (ki = 3.1 nm). it also inhibits vaccinia virus and vesicular stomatitis virus replication in l929 cells, at a 90% inhibitory dose (id90) of 3.5 and 13 microm, respectively. considering the close correlation that has been found between ki and id90 for other adohcy hydrolase inhibitors [biochem. pharmacol. 38:1061-1067 (1989)], f-c- ... | 1991 | 2051990 |
| cytotoxic t-cell response to simian immunodeficiency virus by cynomolgus macaque monkeys immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus. | simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) gag-specific major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) activity was elicited in four out of six cynomolgus macaques after two immunizations with siv gag recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv). no activity could be seen in three out of three non-immunized control animals. low levels of anti-gag antibody were also seen in the same four responding animals. virus-specific, mhc-restricted ctl are thought to give some protection and to ... | 1991 | 2059372 |
| invariant chain targets hla class ii molecules to acidic endosomes containing internalized influenza virus. | the role of the hla class ii-associated invariant chain in the intracellular trafficking of hla-dr molecules was examined in a transient expression system using hela cells. in the absence of alpha and beta polypeptides, invariant chain was retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (er). in the absence of invariant chain, intracellular alpha beta heterodimers could be detected only in the er and the golgi apparatus. however, when alpha and beta subunits were coexpressed with invariant chain, hla-dr m ... | 1991 | 2068076 |
| antiviral activities of 5-ethynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4- carboxamide and related compounds. | a series of novel compounds, 5-alkynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4- carboxamides, have been identified as broad-spectrum antiviral agents. 5-ethynyl-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylimidazole-4- carboxamide (eicar), the most potent congener of the group, showed antiviral potency about 10- to 100-fold greater than that of ribavirin. similar in spectrum to ribavirin, eicar was particularly active (50% inhibitory concentration, 0.2 to 4 micrograms/ml) against poxviruses (vaccinia virus), togaviruses (si ... | 1991 | 2069373 |
| expression of functional bunyamwera virus l protein by recombinant vaccinia viruses. | a cdna containing the complete coding sequence of the bunyamwera virus (family bunyaviridae) l genome segment has been constructed and cloned into two recombinant vaccinia virus expression systems. in the first, the l gene is under control of vaccinia virus p7.5 promoter; in the second, the l gene is under control of the bacteriophage t7 phi 10 promoter, and expression of the l gene requires coinfection with a second recombinant vaccinia virus which synthesizes t7 rna polymerase. both systems ex ... | 1991 | 2072449 |
| mechanism of selective translation of vaccinia virus mrnas: differential role of poly(a) and initiation factors in the translation of viral and cellular mrnas. | we have recently demonstrated that the poly(a) moieties of short rnas obtained from both in vitro transcription and from vaccinia virus (vv)-infected cells exhibit dissimilar effects on the in vitro translation of cellular and vv mrnas (r. bablanian, g. coppola, p. masters, and a. k. banerjee, virology 148:375-380, 1986; m. j. su and r. bablanian, virology 179:679-693, 1990). in the present study, we have investigated the roles of poly(a), m7gtp, and initiation factors in the mechanism of select ... | 1991 | 2072458 |
| a mutation (pro-30 to leu) in cyp21 represents a potential nonclassic steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency allele. | the mild nonclassic form of steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is one of the most common autosomal recessive disorders in humans, occurring in almost 1% of caucasians and about 3% of ashkenazi jews. many patients with this disorder carry a val-281----leu missense mutation in the cyp21 gene. this and most other mutations causing 21-hydroxylase deficiency are normally present in the cyp21p pseudogene and have presumably been transferred to cyp21 by gene conversion. to identify other potential noncl ... | 1991 | 2072928 |
| oligopeptide inhibitors of hiv-induced syncytium formation. | the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) envelope glycoprotein is essential for virus entry and the formation of multinucleated giant cells by cell fusion, one of the major virus-induced cytopathic effects. to study the effects of potential fusion inhibitors, a vaccinia virus recombinant expressing the envelope glycoprotein was generated and used to infect hela cd4+ cells. syncytium induction was observed as early as 4 h postinfection and continued until the entire monolayer was fused. th ... | 1990 | 2078410 |
| expression of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase using recombinant vaccinia virus. | ligand specificity of the type i steroid receptor is apparently conferred by the activity of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. to determine the kinetic properties of this enzyme, rat liver cdna was expressed in cultured cells using recombinant vaccinia virus. although this enzyme catalyzes only dehydrogenation when purified from rat liver, the recombinant enzyme obtained from cell lysates catalyzed both 11 beta-dehydrogenation of corticosterone to 11-dehydrocorticosterone and the reverse 11- ... | 1990 | 2082184 |
| [submicroscopic changes in the chorion-allantois of chick embryos infected with vaccinia virus]. | 1990 | 2082558 | |
| vaccinia virus-mediated damage of murine ovaries and protection by virus-expressed interleukin-2. | vaccinia virus was shown to replicate in the ovaries of normal inbred mice and cause sufficient damage to ovarian follicles to decrease fertility of the mice. the mouse-adapted strain, vv-wr, had a greater affinity for growth in ovaries than the vaccine strains, vv-elstree, vv-nybh or vv-copenhagen. virus reached the ovaries after intravenous or intraperitoneal inoculation, but not after subcutaneous inoculation in the foot pad. interleukin-2 (il-2), when expressed by a recombinant vaccinia viru ... | 1990 | 2083953 |
| anti-asialo-gm1 inhibits vaccinia virus infection of murine ovaries: asialo-gm1 as an additional virus receptor? | the neurovirulent strain of vaccinia virus, vv-wr, or recombinants derived from vv-wr, cause highly productive infection of murine ovaries, but infection could be partially inhibited in vivo using an antiserum to asialo-gm1 (as-gm1). in vitro analysis by flow cytometry revealed that murine ovarian cells expressed a cell surface antigen identical to or cross-reactive with as-gm1. the capacity of vv-wr to infect murine ovaries appears to depend in part upon as-gm1 expression on ovarian cells. | 1990 | 2083955 |
| effect of a non-protein fraction from an extract of the inflamed skin of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus (neurotropin) on meth a-induced delayed type hypersensitivity. | the effect of a non-protein fraction from an extract of inflamed skin of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus (neurotropin, nsp) was studied on meth a tumor-induced delayed type hypersensitivity (meth a-dth) in balb/c mice. nsp enhanced the meth a-dth. nsp also enhanced the dth suppressed with 5-fluorouracil (5-fu). moreover, nsp inhibited the fatal effect of 5-fu and restored the decrease of body weight caused by 5-fu. however, nsp reduced partially but significantly the suppression of the tu ... | 1990 | 2087010 |
| dna repair and human pathology. | disorders in the dna repair in the human lymphocytes isolated from patients with marfan's syndrome, homocystinuria, schizophrenia, and gout have been found. in this investigation criteria used estimating the dna repair were the following: host cell reactivation (vaccinia virus reactivation) and its mutagenesis, dna repair synthesis, resynthesis of dna breakages. lymphoblastoid interferon was used as a modulator of dna repair activity. pretreatment of normal human cells with interferon stimulated ... | 1990 | 2094126 |
| [formation of virus-like particles by hiv-1 gag proteins, expressed by a recombinant vaccinia virus]. | monkey kidney cells cv-1 were infected with recombinant vaccinia virus carrying hiv-1 gag gene with a deletion of 230 nucleotide pairs from the 3'-terminus. the main gene product detected in the lysates of infected cells was the gag precursor rp50. the protein was accumulated on the cell membranes suggesting that it had a myristylated n-terminus, and was cleaved by a recombinant virus specific protease with the formation of two proteins, p17 and p24 corresponding in molecular masses to mature ga ... | 1990 | 2094814 |
| recombinant virus vaccines--present status and future prospects. | several dna viruses have recently emerged as useful eucaryotic vectors. the ability to incorporate large amounts of foreign dna in the vaccinia virus genome without loss of infectivity, evidence to correct glycosylation and processing of expressed proteins and the wide host range of vaccinia virus all contribute to the versatility of this system as a research tool. the development of recombinant dna technology and its use in genetic engineering has provided opportunities to construct dna-recombi ... | 1990 | 2102650 |
| functional analysis of the coronavirus mhv-jhm surface glycoproteins in vaccinia virus recombinants. | 1990 | 2103098 | |
| structural and functional characterization of a cell surface binding protein of vaccinia virus. | the nature of the interaction between the enveloped dna-containing poxviruses and the surfaces of host cells as a first step in virus infection is not known. in this investigation we have identified and defined structural and functional properties of a 32-kda protein of vaccinia virus. this protein is part of the virus envelope and binds to the cell surface of various cultured cells. the gene encoding the 32-kda viral protein was mapped and sequenced. it was found to code a 35,426-da protein wit ... | 1990 | 2104847 |
| expression of the bacillus anthracis protective antigen gene by baculovirus and vaccinia virus recombinants. | the gene encoding bacillus anthracis protective antigen (pa) was modified by site-directed mutagenesis, subcloned into baculovirus and vaccinia virus plasmid transfer vectors (pacym1 and psc-11, respectively), and inserted via homologous recombinations into baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus or vaccinia virus (strains wr and connaught). expression of pa was detected in both systems by immunofluorescence assays with antisera from rabbits immunized with b. anthracis pa. ... | 1990 | 2105271 |
| immunodeficient mice recover from infection with vaccinia virus expressing interferon-gamma. | recombinant vaccinia viruses (vv)-encoding murine interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) were constructed and the effect of virus-encoded ifn-gamma on the immune response towards vv in vivo investigated. in athymic nude mice and sublethally irradiated euthymic mice, ifn-gamma expression by vv enabled the mice to recover from the infection, whereas mice infected with the control virus died. in normal cba/h mice also, the growth of vv was greatly reduced and it was cleared faster from mouse organs than the ... | 1990 | 2106440 |
| detection of primary cytotoxic t lymphocytes specific for the envelope glycoprotein of hiv-1 by deletion of the env amino-terminal signal sequence. | a heterogenous population of envelope glycoprotein-specific cytotoxic effector cells are found in the peripheral blood of individuals infected with hiv-1, and in many cases env-specific lysis is not restricted by mhc molecules and is not blocked by antibody to cd3 (rivière, y. et al., j. virol. 1989, 63:2270). in order to detect env-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) in fresh peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hiv-1-infected donors, a mutant env gene with deletion of the amino-terminal si ... | 1990 | 2106442 |
| human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein/cd4-mediated fusion of nonprimate cells with human cells. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infects human cells by binding to surface cd4 molecules and directly fusing with the cell membrane. although mouse cells expressing human cd4 bind hiv, they do not become infected, apparently because of a block in membrane fusion. to study this problem, we constructed a recombinant vaccinia virus that can infect and promote transient expression of full-length cd4 in mammalian cells. this virus, together with another vaccinia recombinant encoding biologically ac ... | 1990 | 2109100 |
| selection of recombinant vaccinia viruses (tian tan strain) expressing hepatitis b virus surface antigen by using beta-galactosidase as a marker. | we constructed a plasmid that contains a small piece of dna with two vaccinia promoters running in opposite directions--a promoter from a late gene encoding an 11 k polypeptide (p11) and a promoter from an early gene encoding 25k (p25). these promoters were isolated from the tian tan strain of vaccinia virus and were flanked by the thymidine kinase (tk) sequence of the same virus. genes encoding the hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) and the escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (lacz) were ... | 1990 | 2111142 |
| cd8+ t lymphocytes of patients with aids maintain normal broad cytolytic function despite the loss of human immunodeficiency virus-specific cytotoxicity. | in this study, we have investigated the potential mechanisms responsible for the loss of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1)-specific cytolytic activity in the advanced stages of hiv-1 infection. we have demonstrated that hiv-1-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes are predominantly contained within the cd8+dr+ subset. furthermore, we have shown by a redirected killing assay that there is a dichotomy between hiv-1-specific cytolytic activity and broad cytolytic potential since the cytolytic m ... | 1990 | 2112749 |
| the serum-inducible mouse gene krox-24 encodes a sequence-specific transcriptional activator. | the mouse gene krox-24 is transiently activated during cell cycle reentry. it encodes a protein with three zinc fingers similar to those of the transcription factor sp1. here we present a biochemical characterization of the gene products. krox-24 mrna is translated into two proteins of 82 and 88 kilodaltons, designated p82krox-24 and p88krox-24, respectively. p82krox-24 is initiated at the first aug codon of the open reading frame, whereas synthesis of p88krox-24 starts at a non-aug codon locate ... | 1990 | 2113174 |
| beta-amyloid precursor detected in human cerebral cortex. | 1. amyloid deposition is one of the pathologic hallmarks of alzheimer's disease. since the isolation of the beta-amyloid gene, which revealed that the amyloid forming 4 kd protein is part of a larger precursor, interest has focused on the process by which amyloid is generated and deposited. 2. the authors have developed an immunologic means of detecting amyloid precursor proteins in human brain. 3. the method involves the expression of human beta-amyloid precursor cdna in a recombinant vaccinia ... | 1990 | 2113696 |
| relief of chronic burning pain in fabry disease with neurotropin. | neurotropin, an extract from the inflamed skin of vaccinia virus-inoculated rabbits, was effective in the relief of sharp or burning pain induced by pyrexia, hot weather, bathing, or exercise in 2 siblings with fabry disease. neither neurotropin nor carbamazepine mono-therapy relieved the episodic colicky pain in 1 patient; however, therapy with both drugs eliminated the pain completely. this result suggests that the mechanisms underlying the analgesic actions of both drugs may be complementary ... | 1990 | 2113806 |
| quaternary structure of vaccinia virus thymidine kinase. | thymidine kinase enzymes isolated from a variety of sources are generally considered to have a native molecular weight of 80-90 kda composed of two 40-45 kda subunits. although these parameters may accurately describe the atypical deoxypyrimidine kinases expressed by members of the herpesviridae, the nucleotide sequences of thymidine kinase genes isolated from human, mouse, chicken and variety of poxviruses (vaccinia virus, monkeypox virus, variola virus, fowlpox virus and capripoxvirus) predict ... | 1990 | 2114104 |
| cytochrome b5 potentiation of cytochrome p-450 catalytic activity demonstrated by a vaccinia virus-mediated in situ reconstitution system. | a cdna containing the full coding region of human cytochrome b5 was inserted into a vaccinia virus cdna expression vector. infection of human thymidine kinase-minus (tk-) 143 cells in culture with this recombinant virus resulted in production of 0.3 nmol of cytochrome b5 per mg of cell lysate protein. the expressed cytochrome had a reduced difference spectrum with a soret peak at 424 nm, typical of pure cytochrome b5. tk- 143 cells have little detectable endogenous cytochrome b5, cytochrome p-45 ... | 1990 | 2115170 |
| cytolytic t-lymphocyte responses to respiratory syncytial virus: effector cell phenotype and target proteins. | cytolytic t-lymphocyte (ctl) activity specific for respiratory syncytial (rs) virus was investigated after intranasal infection of mice with rs virus, after intraperitoneal infection of mice with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the f glycoprotein, and after intramuscular vaccination of mice with formalin-inactivated rs virus or a chimeric glycoprotein, fg, expressed from a recombinant baculovirus. spleen cell cultures from mice previously infected with live rs virus or the f-protein reco ... | 1990 | 2117070 |
| prospects for an aids vaccine. | the development of a vaccine against hiv meets with considerable difficulties. the virus shows considerable genetic variability. neutralizing antibodies raised against one hiv-1 isolate do not cross-neutralize other hiv-1 isolates. hiv can also spread directly from cell to cell without entering extracellular fluids, thus escaping neutralization. it can remain latent in the body for long periods of time, probably as an integrated provirus in the genome of the host cell. moreover, the hiv envelope ... | 1990 | 2117487 |
| synthesis, oligomerization, and biological activity of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope glycoprotein expressed by a recombinant vaccinia virus. | the full-length envelope gene from an infectious human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (hiv-2) molecular clone was expressed in cd4+ and cd4- cells by a recombinant vaccinia virus vector. pulse-chase experiments indicated that gp160 was processed into gp120 and gp41 subunits. although large amounts of gp120 were shed into the medium, the recombinant vaccinia virus-infected cells fused with uninfected cd4+ cells. the receptor binding of hiv-2 gp120 was further analyzed using a panel composed of nin ... | 1990 | 2117828 |
| the role of b cells for in vivo t cell responses to a friend virus-induced leukemia. | b cells can function as antigen-presenting cells and accessory cells for t cell responses. this study evaluated the role of b cells in the induction of protective t cell immunity to a friend murine leukemia virus (f-mulv)-induced leukemia (fbl). b cell-deficient mice exhibited significantly reduced tumor-specific cd4+ helper and cd8+ cytotoxic t cell responses after priming with fbl or a recombinant vaccinia virus containing f-mulv antigens. moreover, these mice had diminished t cell responses t ... | 1990 | 2118273 |
| viruses as vectors. | traditional vaccines against diseases caused by viruses are based on live attenuated viruses or killed virus preparations. through the application of molecular biology it is now possible to consider several new approaches to making vaccines, which may combine increased efficacy with greater safety. one of these approaches is to manipulate genetically a virus so that it carries and expresses a foreign gene (or part of a gene) which codes for a protective antigen for another disease. adeno-, polio ... | 1990 | 2119537 |
| [the preservation of a dna repair disorder in continuous-line fibroblasts obtained from gout patients]. | dna repair was explored in continuous cells withdrawn from gout patients. the data obtained were compared to those on primary cells (lymphocytes) from the same patients. two continuous lines of fibroblasts obtained from the biopsy material of patients suffering from gout were examined for stability of reparation defects on long cell passage. the studies were made with 4 to 12 passages of patients' fibroblasts. the use of criteria reflecting certain stages of dna repair (reparative synthesis of d ... | 1990 | 2120786 |
| [protective effect of ascorbic acid in cells of people exposed to cobalt chloride]. | the workers contacting with cobalt chloride for 10 years and more have been receiving 50 mg ascorbic acid for 30 days. dna repair was analysed after this procedure in lymphocytes cultivated in vitro according to following criteria: reactivation and induced mutagenesis of vaccinia virus as well as formation of dna breaks and their resynthesis upon treatment with cobalt chloride and 4-nitro-quinoline-1-oxide. | 1990 | 2121602 |
| interferon gamma is involved in the recovery of athymic nude mice from recombinant vaccinia virus/interleukin 2 infection. | athymic nude mice recover from an infection with recombinant vaccinia virus (vv) encoding murine interleukin 2 (il-2), but treatment with a mab to il-2 accentuated infection. administration of a mab against interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) to mice infected with the il-2-encoding virus completely prevented the il-2-induced mechanisms of recovery. both asialo-gm1+ (nk) and asialo-gm1- (non-nk) cells were participants in the ifn-gamma-mediated recovery of nude mice from infection with the il-2-encoding ... | 1990 | 2121889 |
| transcription factor ap-4 contains multiple dimerization domains that regulate dimer specificity. | enhancer binding protein ap-4 is a transcription factor that activates both viral and cellular genes by binding to the symmetrical dna sequence, cagctg. here, we report the molecular cloning and characterization of human ap-4 cdnas. the deduced amino acid sequence reveals that ap-4 is a helix-loop-helix (hlh) protein. like other members of this family, the ap-4 hlh motif and the adjacent basic domain are necessary and sufficient to confer site-specific dna binding. however, unlike other hlh prot ... | 1990 | 2123466 |
| expression of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae proteins by vaccinia virus. | eight mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. leprae genes were inserted into the vaccinia virus genome by in vivo recombination. the resulting virus recombinants were shown to express five different m. tuberculosis proteins (71, 65, 35, 19, and 12 kda) and three m. leprae proteins (65 and 18 kda and a biotin-binding protein) by western immunoblot analysis, radioimmunoprecipitation, or black-plaque assay. when injected into balb/c mice, the recombinants expressing the m. tuberculosis 71-, 65-, or 35-k ... | 1990 | 2123833 |
| extrachromosomal recombination in vaccinia-infected cells requires a functional dna polymerase participating at a level other than dna replication. | homologous recombination was measured in vaccinia-infected cells cotransfected with two plasmid recombination substrates. one plasmid contains a vaccinia protein lacz coding region bearing a 1.1 kb 3' terminal deletion while the other plasmid contains a non-promoted lacz coding region bearing a 1.1 kb 5' terminal deletion. homologous recombination occurring between the 825 bp of lacz common to both plasmids regenerates a functional lacz gene from which b-galactosidase expression was measured. th ... | 1990 | 2127968 |
| neutralizing antibody titers following revaccination with vaccinia virus. | 1990 | 2132886 | |
| treatment and prophylaxis of recurrent genital herpes using vaccinia immunostimulant (antiherpin). | 192 patients, 72 women and 120 men, aged 18-75, presenting genital herpes, were followed. among these, 122 formed the test batch, exclusively with antiherpin, and 70 represented the control batch, treated with other therapeutic preparations. antiherpin was administered by percutaneous route, by scarification. the following results were obtained: in the test batch 68.02% recoveries, 30.33% improvements and 1.64% statu quo; in the control batch no recoveries were recorded: only 60% statu quo but a ... | 1990 | 2135159 |
| antigen presentation requires transport of mhc class i molecules from the endoplasmic reticulum. | the role of exocytosis of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules in the presentation of antigens to mouse cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) was examined by use of a recombinant vaccinia virus that expresses the e19 glycoprotein from adenovirus. e19 blocked the presentation of vaccinia and influenza virus proteins to ctls in a mhc class i allele-specific manner identical to its inhibition of mhc class i transport from the endoplasmic reticulum. this finding indicates that (i) the r ... | 1990 | 2137259 |
| vaccinia virus gene encoding a component of the viral early transcription factor. | the gene product of the vaccinia virus open reading frame d6r was synthesized in bacteria and used to raise antiserum against the protein. using the antiserum as a probe, we demonstrated that the d6r protein is a component of the virion particle, localized to the virus core structure. the d6r protein, purified from virions, has been shown to copurify with the vaccinia virus early transcription factor (vetf). the apparent molecular weight of the d6r polypeptide is identical to that of the smaller ... | 1990 | 2138681 |
| immunization of mice with recombinant vaccinia virus expressing authentic dengue virus nonstructural protein ns1 protects against lethal dengue virus encephalitis. | the protective immunity conferred by a set of recombinant vaccinia viruses containing the entire coding sequence of dengue virus type 4 nonstructural glycoprotein ns1 plus various flanking sequences was evaluated by using a mouse encephalitis model. mice immunized with recombinant vns1-ns2a, which expresses authentic ns1, were solidly protected against intracerebral dengue virus challenge. however, mice immunized with recombinants vns1-15%ns2a and vrsvg/ns1-15%ns2a, which express aberrant forms ... | 1990 | 2143542 |
| cleavage of dengue virus ns1-ns2a requires an octapeptide sequence at the c terminus of ns1. | the length of amino acid sequence at the ns1-ns2a juncture of dengue virus that is required for specific cleavage effected by the cis-acting function of ns2a was identified by deletion analysis. recombinant dna sequences of ns1-ns2a, each containing a deletion in ns1 followed by a sequence of 3 to 20 amino acids at the c terminus of ns1 preceding the cleavage site, were constructed and expressed with vaccinia virus as a vector. the ns1 product of recombinant vaccinia virus-infected cells was imm ... | 1990 | 2143546 |
| protection of mice against yellow fever virus encephalitis by immunization with a vaccinia virus recombinant encoding the yellow fever virus non-structural proteins, ns1, ns2a and ns2b. | recent evidence of a protective immune response to the flavivirus non-structural protein, ns1, has suggested its incorporation into possible recombinant vaccines. the region of the 17d yellow fever virus (yfv) genome encoding the c terminus of envelope glycoprotein and extending to the n terminus of non-structural protein ns3 (ns1-ns2a-ns2b; nucleotides 2030 to 4940) was expressed in vaccinia virus and physical and immunogenic properties of the ns1 moiety were studied. recombinant ns1 protein, a ... | 1990 | 2144016 |
| circulating cd8+ cytotoxic t lymphocytes specific for htlv-i px in patients with htlv-i associated neurological disease. | the human t-lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i), the first human retrovirus to be characterized, is associated with adult t-cell leukaemia and a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system termed tropical spastic paraparesis, or htlv-i-associated myelopathy. only 1% of individuals infected with htlv-i develop clinical disease however. the various manifestations of an htlv-i infection may be related to differences in the genetic backgrounds of individuals, infection with variant stra ... | 1990 | 2146511 |
| development of recombinant antigen vaccines for the control of theileriosis. | immunization against theileria parva involves infection with sporozoites and simultaneous treatment with a long-acting tetracycline. for t. annulata, immunization is achieved by inoculation of attenuated schizont-infected lymphocytes. the two methods are inadequate because of the use of live organisms and the methods are also bedevilled by the multiplicity of strains, particularly of t. parva. for these reasons, alternative methods of control are being sought. in this review an attempt is made t ... | 1990 | 2149448 |
| the gag-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes in rhesus monkeys infected with the simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques. | the simian immunodeficiency virus of macaques (sivmac) is a lentivirus which induces an aids-like disease in rhesus monkeys. we have explored the virus-specific cellular immune response in sivmac-infected rhesus monkeys. con a-activated, il-2 expanded pbl of some sivmac-infected rhesus monkeys lyse autologous b lymphoblastoid cell lines infected with a recombinant vaccinia virus that carries the sivmac gag gene. this lysis is mediated by cd8+ lymphocytes and is mhc class i restricted. moreover, ... | 1990 | 2153161 |
| construction of fowlpox virus vectors with intergenic insertions: expression of the beta-galactosidase gene and the measles virus fusion gene. | a dna fragment from fowlpox virus cloned on a plasmid vector was modified to contain foreign dna inserts within an intergenic region. in a first step, a 32-base-pair intergenic region from the fowlpox virus genome corresponding to the position of the thymidine kinase locus in the vaccinia virus genome was enlarged to 55 base pairs by site-directed mutagenesis. a unique restriction endonuclease site introduced upstream of the intergenic region was then used to insert various foreign dna fragments ... | 1990 | 2153222 |
| cell surface expression of human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) gp55-116 (gb): use of hcmv-recombinant vaccinia virus-infected cells in analysis of the human neutralizing antibody response. | cell surface expression of the human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) major envelope glycoprotein complex, gp55-116 (gb), was studied by using monoclonal antibodies and an hcmv gp55-116 (gb) recombinant vaccinia virus. hcmv-infected human fibroblasts and recombinant vaccinia virus-infected hela cells expresses three electrophoretically distinct proteins of mr 170,000, 116,000, and 55,000 on their surface. these species have been previously identified within infected cells and purified virions. two unique ... | 1990 | 2154594 |
| limited expression of poliovirus by vaccinia virus recombinants due to inhibition of the vector by proteinase 2a. | a recombinant vaccinia virus was constructed that expressed poliovirus coat precursor protein p1 fused to about two-thirds of the 2a proteinase. the truncated 2a segment could be cleaved away from the p1 region by coinfecting with poliovirus type 1, 2, or 3 or with human rhinovirus 14 but not with encephalomyocarditis virus. further cleavage of the vector-derived p1 to yield mature poliovirus capsid proteins was not observed. attempts to isolate vaccinia virus recombinants containing portions of ... | 1990 | 2154618 |
| early death after feline infectious peritonitis virus challenge due to recombinant vaccinia virus immunization. | the gene encoding the fusogenic spike protein of the coronavirus causing feline infectious peritonitis was recombined into the genome of vaccinia virus. the recombinant induced spike-protein-specific, in vitro neutralizing antibodies in mice. when kittens were immunized with the recombinant, low titers of neutralizing antibodies were obtained. after challenge with feline infectious peritonitis virus, these animals succumbed earlier than did the control group immunized with wild-type vaccinia vir ... | 1990 | 2154621 |
| inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus replication in dexamethasone-treated l929 cells. | we previously demonstrated that dexamethasone treatment of l929 cells inhibited plaque formation by vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), encephalomyocarditis virus, or vaccinia virus. we now have characterized the antiviral effects of glucocorticoids in l929 cells. dexamethasone did not directly inactivate vsv nor did steroid treatment of l929 cells affect virion adsorption or penetration. the vsv yield in l929 cells treated with dexamethasone for a period of only 4 or 8 hr was decreased by 50% whe ... | 1990 | 2154755 |
| identification of the point mutations in two vaccinia virus nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase i temperature-sensitive mutants and role of this dna-dependent atpase enzyme in virus gene expression. | the biological function of the nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase i (ntpase i) enzyme of vaccinia virus is not yet known. in this investigation we have identified the genetic lesion of two temperature-sensitive mutants of vaccinia virus, ts50 and ts36, as single point mutations contained within the 5'615 nucleotides of the ntpase i gene (ts50, g to a at position 131; ts36, c to t at position 556). the point mutations result in amino acid substitutions of gly to glu-44 (ts50) and pro to ser ... | 1990 | 2154883 |
| insertional inactivation of the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase encoded by vaccinia virus is associated with reduced virulence in vivo. | to assess whether a fully functional vv ribonucleotide reductase enzyme is required during both in vitro and in vivo replication of vv, three mutant viruses were constructed by marker transfer techniques: m1 lambda, an m1 insertion mutant; tk-, an insertion mutant of the vv thymidine kinase (tk) gene; and m1 lambda/tk-, a double mutant. extracts of cells infected with the m1 lambda or m1 lambda/tk- mutant viruses were assayed for ribonucleotide reductase activity and it was found that insertiona ... | 1990 | 2154895 |
| innate resistance to herpes simplex virus infection. human lymphocyte and monocyte inhibition of viral replication. | peripheral blood monocytes and lymphocytes isolated from most humans are resistant to hsv infection in vitro. viral replication is inhibited very early in the cycle, prior to the onset of alpha-protein synthesis; no viral protein or dna synthesis is detectable even up to 1 week later. the enhanced expression of two 62-kda and 57-kda cellular proteins, however, is induced in the lymphocyte population within 3 to 5 h after infection. a 30-kda protein is induced in the monocyte population immediate ... | 1990 | 2155270 |
| a major thyroid hormone response element in the third intron of the rat growth hormone gene. | the rat growth hormone (rgh) gene constitutes a well-documented model system for the direct regulation of transcription by thyroid hormones. in order to analyse its interaction with sequences in the rgh gene, we have overproduced the thyroid hormone receptor-alpha (c-erba) protein using a vaccinia virus expression system. the expressed protein bound t3 and dna-cellulose with expected affinities, and the major binding site for the receptor protein was found to be located in the third intron of th ... | 1990 | 2155782 |
| regulation of foreign gene in fowlpox virus by a vaccinia virus promoter. | a vaccinia virus promoter was evaluated for regulation of a foreign gene in fowlpox virus by a transient expression assay. fowlpox virus-infected quail cells, transfected with plasmid dna containing chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene ligated to a vaccinia virus promoter, expressed cat activity. no cat activity was detected either in uninfected cells or fowlpox virus-infected cells. these results indicated that a heterologous vaccinia virus promoter can regulate expression of a foreign ... | 1990 | 2157394 |
| induction of immunoglobulin g fc receptors by recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing glycoproteins e and i of herpes simplex virus type 1. | glycoprotein e (ge) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) will bind immunoglobulin g (igg) (fc) affinity columns (r. b. bauke and p. g. spear, j. virol. 32:779-789, 1979), but recent evidence suggests that the hsv-1 fc receptor is composed of a complex of ge and glycoprotein i (gi) and that both gi and ge are required for fc receptor activity (d. c. johnson and v. feenstra, j. virol. 61:2208-2216, 1987; d. c. johnson, m. c. frame, m. w. ligas, a. m. cross, and n. d. stow, j. virol. 62:1347-1354 ... | 1990 | 2157879 |
| orthopoxvirus gene expression in xenopus laevis oocytes: a component of the virion is needed for late gene expression. | we have examined the feasibility of using xenopus laevis oocytes microinjected with rabbit poxvirus as a system to study poxvirus gene expression. the injection of either intact virus or subviral cores resulted in accurate synthesis of viral proteins. this expression was dependent on the multiplicity of injected virus, with the optimal injected dose being equivalent to approximately 300 pfu per oocyte. extensive viral gene expression including late viral protein synthesis was observed when intac ... | 1990 | 2157885 |
| coexpression by vaccinia virus recombinants of equine herpesvirus 1 glycoproteins gp13 and gp14 results in potentiated immunity. | the equine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein 14 (ehv-1 gp14) gene was cloned, sequenced, and expressed by vaccinia virus recombinants. recombinant virus vp613 elicited the production of ehv-1-neutralizing antibodies in guinea pigs and was effective in protecting hamsters from subsequent lethal ehv-1 challenge. coexpression of ehv-1 gp14 in vaccinia virus recombinant vp634 along with ehv-1 gp13 (p. guo, s. goebel, s. davis, m. e. perkus, b. languet, p. desmettre, g. allen, and e. paoletti, j. virol. 63: ... | 1990 | 2157895 |
| human cytotoxic t-cell responses against epstein-barr virus nuclear antigens demonstrated by using recombinant vaccinia viruses. | the potentially pathogenic effects of infection with epstein-barr virus (ebv), a b-lymphotropic agent with cell growth-transforming potential, are contained in healthy virus carriers by virus-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) surveillance. the target antigens against which such ctl responses are directed are yet undefined, but the antigens probably derived from one or more of the ebv "latent" proteins constitutively expressed in virus-transformed b cells. we have analyzed target specificity ... | 1990 | 2158098 |
| stereospecific synthesis and antiviral properties of different enantiomerically pure carbocyclic 2'-deoxyribonucleoside analogues derived from common chiral pools: (+)-(1r,5s)- and (-)-(1s,5r)-2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-6-en-3-one. | enantiomerically pure (+)- and (-)-carbocyclic thymidine, (-)-carbocyclic 3'-epi-thymidine, (+)-carbocyclic 3'-deoxy-3'-azidothymidine, (+)-carbocyclic 2,3'-o-anhydrothymidine, (+)-carbocyclic 3'-o,6'-methylenethymidine, and (+)-(6's)-carbocyclic 6'-methylthymidine were synthesized in a stereospecific manner from common chiral pools of (+)-(1r,5s)- and (-)-(1s,5r)-2-oxabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-6-en-3-one and evaluated for antiviral activity. (+)-carbathymidine and, to a lesser extent, (+)-carbocyclic 2 ... | 1990 | 2158560 |
| virus-induced autoantibody response to a transgenic viral antigen. | the induction of autoantibodies and their possible role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease are poorly understood. involvement of infectious agents has been suspected, but direct evidence is sparse. whether immunological unresponsiveness to self by antibody-forming b cells is maintained by clonal abortion, clonal anergy or suppression, or how the scenario of interactions between helper t cells, b cells and antigen-presenting cells is distorted in autoantibody responses, is being analysed a ... | 1990 | 2158632 |
| characterization and expression of a glycoprotein encoded by the epstein-barr virus bamhi i fragment. | computer-assisted analysis of the epstein-barr virus (ebv) open reading frame bilf2 (b95-8 nucleotides 150,525 to 149,782) predicts that it codes for a membrane-bound glycoprotein. [3h]glucosamine labeling of cells infected with vaccinia virus recombinants that expressed the bilf2 open reading frame revealed several diffuse species of glycoproteins of around 80,000 and 55,000 daltons. a monoclonal antibody derived from spleens of mice immunized with ebv immunoprecipitated the ebv-derived protein ... | 1990 | 2159529 |
| induction of protective immunity in animals vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia viruses that express prem and e glycoproteins of japanese encephalitis virus. | a cdna clone representing the genome of structural proteins of japanese encephalitis virus (jev) was inserted into the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus strains lc16mo and wr under the control of a strong early-late promoter for the vaccinia virus 7.5-kilodalton polypeptide. indirect immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated flow cytometric analysis revealed that the recombinant vaccinia viruses expressed jev e protein on the membrane surface, as well as in the cytoplasm, of recombinan ... | 1990 | 2159544 |
| replication and amplification of defective interfering particle rnas of vesicular stomatitis virus in cells expressing viral proteins from vectors containing cloned cdnas. | replication and amplification of rna genomes of defective interfering (di) particles of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) depend on the expression of viral proteins and have until now been attained only in cells coinfected with helper vsv. in the work described in this report, we used a recombinant vaccinia virus-t7 rna polymerase expression system to synthesize individual vsv proteins in cells transfected with plasmid dnas that contain cdna copies of the vsv genes downstream of the t7 rna polyme ... | 1990 | 2159555 |
| transient dominant selection of recombinant vaccinia viruses. | a general method for constructing and selecting recombinant vaccinia viruses with insertions, deletions, or mutations in any gene that is similar in principle to one originally devised for saccharomyces cerevisiae (s. scherer and r. w. davis, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 76:4951-4955, 1979) is described. the selectable marker used, escherichia coli guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, is not retained within the final recombinant virus, and hence, this procedure may be used serially to introduce seve ... | 1990 | 2159565 |
| expression of the outer capsid protein, vp2, from a full length cdna clone of genome segment 2 of bluetongue serotype 1 from south africa, using both sp6 and vaccinia expression systems and a comparison of the nucleic acid sequence of this segment with those of other serotypes. | genome segment 2 of bluetongue virus serotype 1 from south africa (btv-1sa) was purified from a preparation of all ten dsrna segments. this dsrna was used as a template to make a full-length dna copy of segment 2, which was then cloned into puc19. the cdna insert was transferred into a bacterial expression vector (pgem; promega) and, by means of in vitro transcription and translation systems, used to synthesise a polypeptide of similar size to vp2 (as analyzed by page). the cdna insert was also ... | 1990 | 2160764 |
| a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the major capsid protein of simian rotavirus-induced anti-rotavirus antibodies. | cdna molecules encoding the major structural protein (vp6) of the simian rotavirus sa11 were inserted under the control of the vaccinia virus 7.5 kda promoter into the thymidine kinase gene. synthesis of vp6 was demonstrated by immunoprecipitation of recombinant virus-infected cell. mice inoculated via several routes with this recombinant vaccinia produce high titers of antirotavirus antibodies lacking neutralizing activity. | 1990 | 2160766 |
| transcript analysis of the equine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein b gene homologue and its expression by a recombinant vaccinia virus. | transcript mapping of the equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) glycoprotein b (gb) gene homologue by northern blot, s1 nuclease and primer extension analyses indicated that two overlapping transcripts of 3.4 and 4.6 kb originated from the same strand and were transcribed from left to right between coordinates 0.40 and 0.43 of the ehv-1 genome. the 3.4 kb transcript encoded ehv-1 gb and the 5' rna terminus was located approximately 30 bases downstream from a probable tata element. the coding region of th ... | 1990 | 2161047 |
| identification and dna sequence of the shope fibroma virus dna topoisomerase gene. | the shope fibroma virus (sfv) dna topoisomerase gene has been identified and mapped to the bamhi d fragment near the midpoint of the genome. the dna sequence of the sfv bamhi s fragment together with the contiguous bamhi-clai subfragment of bamhi d which encompasses the topoisomerase gene and two flanking genes has been determined and analyzed. both the sfv dna topoisomerase and the two flanking genes are closely related in terms of sequence and spatial organization to the homologous sequences f ... | 1990 | 2161144 |
| intracellular expression and processing of foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid precursors using vaccinia virus vectors: influence of the l protease. | cdna cassettes of fmdv have been constructed which encode the capsid precursor (p1-2a) alone or with the proteases l and 3c which are required for processing of this precursor to the products 1ab, 1c, and 1d. these cassettes have been analyzed using in vitro transcription and translation reactions and within cells using recombinant vaccinia viruses. processing of the precursors occurred more efficiently in cells than in cell-free systems but similar properties were observed. it was not possible ... | 1990 | 2161149 |
| transient expression assay for qualitative assessment of gene expression by fowlpox virus. | a transient expression assay for fowlpox virus (fpv) was developed to assess the feasibility of using heterologous promoters in fpv and to qualitatively determine relative promoter strength. a transient expression system for fpv has not been reported, and various methods used for transient expression in vaccinia-virus-infected cells produced negative results when used with fpv. here a successful method for transient expression of e. coli beta-galactosidase in fpv-infected chick embryo fibroblast ... | 1990 | 2161157 |
| interaction and mutual stabilization of the two subunits of vaccinia virus mrna capping enzyme coexpressed in escherichia coli. | the genes d1 and d2, predicted to encode the 95- and 31-kda subunits of the vaccinia virus mrna capping enzyme, were coexpressed from the same plasmid in escherichia coli. induction with low concentrations of isopropyl beta-d-thiogalactoside was necessary to obtain soluble enzyme. the active heterodimer was purified by column chromatography and was shown to have both rna guanylyltransferase and mrna (guanine-n7-)-methyltransferase activities. formation of the m7g(5')pppg cap structure was verifi ... | 1990 | 2161527 |
| comparative analysis of vaccinia virus promoter activity in fowlpox and vaccinia virus recombinants. | a quantitative and qualitative comparison of vaccinia virus (vv) promoter activity in fowlpox virus (fpv) and vv recombinants was performed. the vv pl11 late promoter was used to express beta-galactosidase from the e. coli lacz gene in fpv (fpv-lacz) and vv (vv-lacz) recombinants. time courses of fpv-lacz beta-galactosidase expression in chicken embryo skin (ces) cells demonstrated temporal regulation of the pl11 promoter with maximum enzyme activity nine- and four-fold lower than those obtained ... | 1990 | 2161593 |
| estradiol metabolism by complementary deoxyribonucleic acid-expressed human cytochrome p450s. | twelve forms of human cytochrome p450 were synthesized in human hepatoma hep g2 cells by means of cdna-directed expression using vaccinia virus. the cdna-expressed enzymes were tested for their ability to oxidize estradiol. incubation of [14c]estradiol with cell lysates containing p450 ia2 resulted in the production of 2-hydroxy and 4-hydroxy metabolites with substrate turnovers of 2.74 and 0.27 min-1, respectively. p450s iiia3 and iiia4 yielded the same metabolites at about one third the rate o ... | 1990 | 2161748 |
| five of 12 forms of vaccinia virus-expressed human hepatic cytochrome p450 metabolically activate aflatoxin b1. | twelve forms of human hepatic cytochrome p450 were expressed in hepatoma cells by means of recombinant vaccinia viruses. the expressed p450s were analyzed for their abilities to activate the potent hepatocarcinogen aflatoxin b1 to metabolites having mutagenic or dna-binding properties. five forms, p450s ia2, iia3, iib7, iiia3, and iiia4, activated aflatoxin b1 to mutagenic metabolites as assessed by the production of his revertants of salmonella typhimurium in the ames test. the same p450s catal ... | 1990 | 2162057 |
| phenotypic selection and characterization of mutant alleles of a eukaryotic dna topoisomerase i. | we have developed a simple, effective genetic screen for mutant alleles of eukaryotic dna topoisomerase i that manifest severely depressed or complete loss of enzymatic function. the screen is based on the extreme toxicity of vaccinia topoisomerase expression in the escherichia coli lysogen strain bl21(de3) and is notable for its ease in distinguishing nonsense mutations (that result in truncated proteins) from missense mutations. the power of the method is evinced by our observation that 100% o ... | 1990 | 2163340 |
| vaccinia recombinants expressing early bovine papilloma virus (bpv1) proteins: retardation of bpv1 tumour development. | papillomaviruses are aetiological agents of epithelial proliferative diseases in animals and in man. it was previously demonstrated that animals inoculated with live vaccinia recombinants expressing early proteins of polyoma virus resist challenge with polyoma-tumour cells, and this approach has been extended to the development of a vaccine against papillomavirus-transformed cells. bovine papillomavirus type 1 (bpv1), a virus responsible for dermal lesions in cattle, is a prototype virus of the ... | 1990 | 2163573 |
| catalytic activity of vaccinia mrna capping enzyme subunits coexpressed in escherichia coli. | rna triphosphatase, rna guanylyltransferase, and rna (guanine-7)-methyltransferase activities are associated with the vaccinia virus mrna capping enzyme, a heterodimeric protein containing polypeptides of mr 95,000 and mr 31,000. the genes encoding the large and small subunits (corresponding to the d1 and the d12 orfs, respectively, of the viral genome) were coexpressed in escherichia coli bl21 (de3) under the control of a bacteriophage t7 promoter. guanylyltransferase activity (assayed as the f ... | 1990 | 2164022 |
| domain structure of vaccinia virus mrna capping enzyme. activity of the mr 95,000 subunit expressed in escherichia coli. | the d1 gene encoding the large subunit of vaccinia virus mrna capping enzyme was expressed in escherichia coli bl21(de3) under the control of a bacteriophage t7 promoter. guanylyltransferase activity (assayed as the formation of a covalent enzyme-guanylate complex) was detected in soluble lysates of these bacteria. two major species of protein-gmp complex were formed, one of mr 95,000 (corresponding in size to the d1 gene product) and one of mr 60,000. partial purification of the guanylyltransfe ... | 1990 | 2164023 |
| immunogenicity of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins expressed in vaccinia virus recombinants. | vaccinia virus recombinants expressing glycoproteins b (vgb11), d (vgd52), e (ge/7.5 and ge/4b), g (gg-vac), h (gh-vac), and i (gi-vac) of hsv-1 were used to compare the protective response to these individual glycoproteins in the mouse. glycoprotein d induced the best neutralizing antibody titers and the most increased rates of hsv clearance from the ear as well as good protection from the establishment of latent hsv infections in the sensory ganglia. glycoprotein b also induced good neutralizi ... | 1990 | 2164732 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of a 10.5 kbp hindiii fragment of fowlpox virus: relatedness to the central portion of the vaccinia virus hindiii d region. | the nucleotide sequence of a 10465 bp hindiii genomic fragment from fowlpox virus (fpv) is presented. analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed 10 potential major open reading frames (orfs). five of these orfs are predicted to encode polypeptides with significant homology to hypothetical polypeptides derived from nucleotide sequence analysis of the vaccinia virus (vv) hindiii d region. interestingly, these homologous orfs do not occur in the same tandem arrangement in the fpv genome as they d ... | 1990 | 2165135 |