Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| antifungal activity of dna-lipid complexes and dna-lipid films against candida species. | in this study amphiphilic lipids, dna-lipid complexes, and dna-lipid films were prepared, and their antifungal activity against candida species was examined. the amphiphilic lipids were synthesized from a reaction of glycine or l-alanine with n-alkyl alcohol in the presence of p-toluene sulfonic acid. dna-lipid complexes, which were prepared by the simple mixing of dna and amphiphilic lipids, were insoluble in water. self-standing, water-insoluble dna-lipid films were prepared by casting the dna ... | 2006 | 16254958 |
| successful treatment of candida glabrata peritonitis with fluconazole plus flucytosine in a premature infant following in vitro fertilization. | 2005 | 16261301 | |
| the trend of susceptibilities to amphotericin b and fluconazole of candida species from 1999 to 2002 in taiwan. | candida species have various degrees of susceptibility to common antifungal drugs. the extent of resistance to amphotericin b and fluconazole of candida glabrata isolates causing candidemia has been reported. active surveillance may help us to monitor the trend of susceptibility to antifungal drugs and to determine if there is an emerging co-resistance to both drugs of candida species, specifically, of c. glabrata in taiwan. | 2005 | 16266438 |
| multilocus sequence typing for differentiation of strains of candida tropicalis. | a system is described for typing isolates of the pathogenic fungus candida tropicalis, based on sequence polymorphisms in fragments of six genes: icl1, mdr1, sapt2, sapt4, xyr1, and zwf1a. the system differentiated 87 diploid sequence types (dsts) among a total of 106 isolates tested or 80 dsts among 88 isolates from unique sources. replicate isolates from the same source clustered together with high statistical similarity, with the exception of one isolate. however, a clade of very closely rela ... | 2005 | 16272492 |
| piperazine propanol derivative as a novel antifungal targeting 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase. | 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase, which synthesizes a main component of fungal cell wall, is one of the promising targets for antifungal agents. in order to identify novel chemical classes of 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase inhibitors, we screened a chemical library monitoring inhibition of the candida albicans 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase activity. the piperazine propanol derivative gsi578 [(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-carbamic acid 3-(4-benzothiazol-2-yl-piperazine-1-yl)-propyl ester] was identified as a potent i ... | 2005 | 16272705 |
| biomimetic synthesis, antimicrobial, antileishmanial and antimalarial activities of euglobals and their analogues. | in the present communication, naturally occurring phloroglucinol-monoterpene adducts, euglobals g1-g4 (3b/a and 4a/b) and 16 new analogues (13a/b-18a/b and 19-22) were synthesized by biomimetic approach. these synthetic compounds differ from natural euglobals in the nature of monoterpene and acyl functionality. all of these compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial, antifungal, antileishmanial and antimalarial activities. analogue 17b possessed good antibacterial activity against methicil ... | 2006 | 16274995 |
| candida glabrata prosthetic valve endocarditis treated successfully with fluconazole plus caspofungin without surgery: a case report and literature review. | reported here is the case of a 72-year-old man who was diagnosed with candida glabrata prosthetic mitral valve endocarditis and treated successfully with fluconazole plus caspofungin after he refused and was determined unfit for surgery. initial treatment with intravenous amphotericin b resulted in acute renal impairment. despite 8 days of intravenous fluconazole therapy, he remained fungemic. caspofungin was added to the treatment regimen with subsequent sterilisation of blood culture. the pati ... | 2005 | 16283214 |
| genetic relatedness of oral yeasts within and between patients with marginal periodontitis and subjects with oral health. | yeasts are found in periodontal pockets at a frequency of 15-21%. however, the genetic relatedness of oral yeasts within and between patients with marginal periodontitis is not clear. | 2005 | 16302922 |
| treatment of candida glabrata infection in immunosuppressed mice by using a combination of liposomal amphotericin b with caspofungin or micafungin. | while candida albicans remains the most common candida isolate, candida glabrata accounts for approximately 15 to 20% of all candida infections in the united states. in this study we used immunosuppressed mice infected with c. glabrata to investigate the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin b alone or in combination with the echinocandin caspofungin or micafungin. for monotherapy, mice were given six daily doses of liposomal amphotericin b (3 to 20 mg/kg of body weight), caspofungin (1 to 5 mg/kg) ... | 2005 | 16304150 |
| comparison of the fungicidal activities of caspofungin and amphotericin b against candida glabrata. | we investigated the fungicidal activity of caspofungin (cas) and amphotericin b (amb) against 16 clinical isolates of candida glabrata. the minimum fungicidal concentrations (mfcs) of cas were similar to those of amb, ranging from 2.0 to >8.0 microg/ml. time-kill assays performed on selected isolates showed that amb was fungicidal at concentrations four times the mic while cas was not. a neutropenic-mouse model of disseminated infection was utilized to determine the residual fungal kidney burden ... | 2005 | 16304162 |
| [a man with candida pyopneumopericarditis and cardiac tamponade in conjunction with gastric tube infection]. | a 55-year-old man who had undergone oesophagectomy with retrosternal gastric tube reconstruction for oesophageal carcinoma several years before, presented with retrosternal pain, fever and chills. he appeared to have candida glabratarelated pyopneumopericarditis and a fungal infection in the gastric tube. because of cardiac tamponade, the pericardium was surgically drained. the patient was given antibiotics and fluconazole. he left the hospital after one month in relatively good condition. two m ... | 2005 | 16304890 |
| vulvovaginal candidiasis in a flemish patient population. | increased resistance to fluconazole has been reported in oral, oesophageal and urinary candida isolates, but this has not been observed commonly in genital tract isolates. the rate of isolation of candida spp. and their susceptibility to amphotericin b, flucytosine and azoles were determined in a number of clinical practices in the city of ghent, belgium. patients with symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis (vvc) were treated with fluconazole, and the mycological and clinical outcomes were evaluat ... | 2005 | 16307555 |
| fluconazole dosing in continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (cvvhf): need for a high daily dose of 800 mg. | to cover intermediate sensitive candida glabrata in icu patients, fluconazole plasma peak levels at least in the range of 16-32 microg/ml appear necessary for treatment. previous studies did not reach these fluconazole levels under continuous veno-venous haemofiltration (cvvhf) with dosages of 200-600 mg fluconzole daily. in the present study, nine patients simultaneously requiring cvvhf for treatment of acute oligoanuric renal failure and antimycotic therapy of candida septicemia received fluco ... | 2006 | 16311263 |
| in vitro and in vivo antifungal activities of the eight steroid saponins from tribulus terrestris l. with potent activity against fluconazole-resistant fungal pathogens. | antifungal activity of natural products is being studied widely. saponins are known to be antifungal and antibacterial. we have isolated eight steroid saponins from tribulus terrestris l., namely tts-8, tts-9, tts-10, tts-11, tts-12, tts-13, tts-14 and tts-15. tts-12 and tts-15 were identified as tigogenin-3-o-beta-d-xylopyranosyl(1-->2)-[beta-d-xylopyranosyl(1-->3)]-beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1-->4)-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)]-beta-d-galactopyranoside and tigogenin-3-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl(1-- ... | 2005 | 16327151 |
| late-onset donor-to-host transmission of candida glabrata following corneal transplantation. | to demonstrate the potential value of obtaining routine fungal cultures of donor rims at the time of corneal transplantation and instituting prophylactic therapy in culture-positive cases, even in the absence of clinical evidence of established microbial keratitis or endophthalmitis. | 2006 | 16331055 |
| pcr protocol for specific identification of candida nivariensis, a recently described pathogenic yeast. | candida nivariensis is a recently described pathogenic yeast closely related to candida glabrata. we developed a specific set of oligonucleotide primers based on the internal transcribed spacer regions of the rrna gene for the rapid identification of c. nivariensis. pcr with these primers amplified a 206-bp amplicon from c. nivariensis. | 2005 | 16333128 |
| epidemiological study on vaginal candida glabrata isolated from pregnant women. | candida glabrata was the second most frequently occurring fungus and the dominant non-albicans species caused candidal vulvovaginitis. we used a randomly amplified polymorphic dna method to compare genotypes of vaginal c. glabrata from pregnant women with or without clinical symptoms. the aims of our study were to define the prevalence of c. glabrata during pregnancy and identify the relationship between genotypes of c. glabrata and the clinical symptoms. a total of 50 c. glabrata strains were i ... | 2006 | 16338838 |
| intracorneal injection of amphothericin b for recurrent fungal keratitis and endophthalmitis. | penetrating keratoplasty carries an infectious risk. its requirement for topical corticosteroid therapy facilitates fungal growth with resulting keratitis. although progression of fungal keratitis to intraocular infection is uncommon, endophthalmitis resulting from keratitis usually has a poor visual prognosis. fungal infection under these circumstances remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. we report a complicated case of recurrent fungal keratitis with endophthalmitis following a cont ... | 2005 | 16344445 |
| current treatment strategies for disseminated candidiasis. | the incidence of disseminated candidiasis has increased dramatically over the past several decades. fortunately, in recent years, a variety of new antifungal agents have become available to treat these infections. on the basis of efficacy, safety, and cost considerations, fluconazole is the agent of choice for the empirical treatment of disseminated candidiasis in nonneutropenic, hemodynamically stable patients, unless a patient is suspected to be infected with an azole-resistant species (i.e., ... | 2006 | 16355336 |
| a probable case of aspiration pneumonia caused by candida glabrata in a non-neutropenic patient with candidemia. | primary candida pneumonia is rare, and detailed reports of candida glabrata pneumonia have not been described. a 71-year-old woman had been treated for heart failure and developed aspiration pneumonia, which was refractory to antibacterial treatment. antifungal treatment against c. glabrata resulted in resolution of pneumonia and candidemia. we report a probable case of c. glabrata pneumonia. | 2005 | 16357460 |
| an in vitro evaluation of the adhesion of candida species to oral and lung tissue cells. | the analysis of the adherence capacity of fungi to surfaces of both oral tissue and different tissues would be of interest in the fungal dissemination as an oral and systemic pathogen. we developed an in vitro adenosine triphosphate (atp)-based assay technique to extract the cellular and fungal atp separately, which allowed the quantitative evaluation of the adhesion of the yeast to monolayers of human gingival epithelial cells (gec), gingival fibroblasts (gf) and pulmonary fibroblasts (pf). sev ... | 2006 | 16367812 |
| human recombinant antimannan immunoglobulin g1 antibody confers resistance to hematogenously disseminated candidiasis in mice. | mannan is a major cell wall component found in candida species. natural antimannan antibody is present in sera from most normal adults, but its role in host resistance to hematogenously disseminated candidiasis is unknown. the purpose of this study was to develop recombinant human antimannan antibody and to study its protective function. a phage fab display combinatorial library containing fab genes from bone marrow lymphocytes was screened with candida albicans yeast cells and chemically purifi ... | 2006 | 16368991 |
| redirecting carbon flux in torulopsis glabrata from pyruvate to alpha-ketoglutaric acid by changing metabolic co-factors. | the nutrition conditions needed to redirect the carbon flux in torulopsis glabrata, a pyruvate hyper-production yeast, from pyruvate to alpha-ketoglutaric acid (kg) were investigated in a stirred fermentor. a minor amount of kg (1.3 gl(-1)) was produced when naoh was used to control the ph, while 12 g kg l(-1) was produced when caco(3) was used instead. when thiamine and biotin were included in the medium, 13 g kg l(-1) and 68 g pyruvate l(-1) were produced after 48 h when glucose was nearly con ... | 2006 | 16369692 |
| visualizing syntenic relationships among the hemiascomycetes with the yeast gene order browser. | the yeast gene order browser (ygob) is an online tool designed to facilitate the comparative genomic visualization and appraisal of synteny within and between the genomes of seven hemiascomycete yeast species. three of these genomes are polyploid, and hence contain intra-genomic syntenic regions, the correct assembly of which is a particular success of ygob. designed to accurately assemble, display and score gene order relationships, ygob is both an interactive tool for browsing genomic data, an ... | 2006 | 16381909 |
| presumptive identification of candida species other than c. albicans, c. krusei, and c. tropicalis with the chromogenic medium chromagar candida. | chromagar candida (cac) is increasingly being reported as a medium used to differentiate candida albicans from non-albicans candida (nac) species. rapid identification of nac can assist the clinician in selecting appropriate antifungal therapy. cac is a differential chromogenic medium designed to identify c. albicans, c. krusei, and c. tropicalis based on colony color and morphology. some reports have proposed that cac can also reliably identify c. dubliniensis and c. glabrata. | 2006 | 16390552 |
| disappearance of antigenic factor 6 in candida glabrata ifo 0622 strain cells cultured at high temperature. | the candida glabrata ifo 0622 strain cells obtained after cultivation at 27 degrees c and at 37 degrees c and then at 27 degrees c (37-27 degrees c) for 48 h in yeast extract-added sabouraud liquid medium (yslm) showed the same agglutination patterns against factor sera 1, 4, 6, and 34 in the commercially available factor serum kit 'candida check'. on the other hand, the cells of the strain cultured at 37 degrees c had completely lost its reactivity against the factor serum 6. the enzyme-linked ... | 2006 | 16394538 |
| candida bracarensis sp. nov., a novel anamorphic yeast species phenotypically similar to candida glabrata. | two yeast strains, 153mt and ncyc 3133, isolated from clinical sources in separate hospitals were found to be almost identical in the sequences of the d1/d2 domain of large-subunit rdna, the pcr fingerprinting profiles and physiological characteristics. the isolates are phenotypically similar, although not identical, to candida glabrata and kluyveromyces delphensis (recently renamed nakaseomyces delphensis). sequence analysis of the 26s rdna d1/d2 gene variable region revealed that the two clini ... | 2006 | 16403904 |
| redirection of the nadh oxidation pathway in torulopsis glabrata leads to an enhanced pyruvate production. | this study aimed at increasing the pyruvate productivity of a multi-vitamin auxotrophic yeast torulopsis glabrata by redirecting nadh oxidation from adenosine triphosphate (atp)-production pathway (oxidative phosphorylation pathway) to non-atp production pathway (fermentative pathway). two respiratory-deficient mutants, rd-17 and rd-18, were screened and selected after ethidium bromide (etbr) mutagenesis of the parent strain t. glabrata cctcc m202019. compared with the parent strain, cytochrome ... | 2006 | 16404561 |
| synthesis of reduced xanthatin derivatives and in vitro evaluation of their antifungal activity. | abstract the synthesis of new xanthanolide derivatives is reported starting from xanthatin, a sesquiterpenic lactone isolated from xanthium macrocarpum (asteraceae). in vitro evaluation of their antifungal activity has been investigated. | 2005 | 16408793 |
| in vitro interactions of anidulafungin with azole antifungals, amphotericin b and 5-fluorocytosine against candida species. | anidulafungin, an echinocandin, is in late stage development for the treatment of fungal infections. we investigated the activity of anidulafungin in combination with other antifungal agents (fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, amphotericin b and 5-fluorocytosine) against four isolates each of candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis and candida tropicalis, and two isolates of candida krusei using a macrobroth chequerboard method with interactions evaluated by fractional inh ... | 2006 | 16414247 |
| candida colonization of the respiratory tract and subsequent pseudomonas ventilator-associated pneumonia. | recovery of candida from the respiratory tract of a critically ill patient receiving mechanical ventilation (mv) usually indicates colonization rather than infection of the respiratory tract. however, interactions between candida and bacteria, particularly pseudomonas, have been reported. thus, candida colonization of the respiratory tract may predispose to bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap). | 2006 | 16424420 |
| hexadecylphosphocholine (miltefosine) has broad-spectrum fungicidal activity and is efficacious in a mouse model of cryptococcosis. | the alkyl phosphocholine drug miltefosine is structurally similar to natural substrates of the fungal virulence determinant phospholipase b1 (plb1), which is a potential drug target. we determined the mics of miltefosine against key fungal pathogens, correlated antifungal activity with inhibition of the plb1 activities (plb, lysophospholipase [lpl], and lysophospholipase-transacylase [lpta]), and investigated its efficacy in a mouse model of disseminated cryptococcosis. miltefosine inhibited sec ... | 2006 | 16436691 |
| antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in non-neutropenic critically ill patients. | invasive fungal infections, important causes of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients, may be preventable with the prophylactic administration of antifungal agents. | 2006 | 16437504 |
| what defines the quality of patient care in tinea pedis? | the aim of this study has been to evaluate patients with tinea pedis for their demographic data and attitudes affecting the treatment of disease, and to compare the in vitro activity of 10 antifungal agents and to relate them to their in vivo activity. | 2006 | 16441623 |
| fluconazole for the management of invasive candidiasis: where do we stand after 15 years? | candida spp. are responsible for most of the fungal infections in humans. available since 1990, fluconazole is well established as a leading drug in the setting of prevention and treatment of mucosal and invasive candidiasis. fluconazole displays predictable pharmacokinetics and an excellent tolerance profile in all groups, including the elderly and children. fluconazole is a fungistatic drug against yeasts and lacks activity against moulds. candida krusei is intrinsically resistant to fluconazo ... | 2006 | 16449304 |
| triazole cross-resistance among candida spp.: case report, occurrence among bloodstream isolates, and implications for antifungal therapy. | candida spp. are common causes of bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients. fluconazole (flc) remains a first-line therapy for candidemia; and voriconazole (vrc), an expanded-spectrum triazole, was recently approved for the treatment of candidemia in nonneutropenic patients. in vitro studies have suggested that vrc has potent activity against candida spp. with reduced susceptibilities to flc. we present a case report of invasive candidiasis and candidemia due to a candida glabrata isol ... | 2006 | 16455909 |
| antifungal agents for preventing fungal infections in non-neutropenic critically ill and surgical patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. | this study aims to systematically identify and summarize the effects of antifungal prophylaxis in non-neutropenic critically ill adult patients on all-cause mortality and the incidence of invasive fungal infections. | 2006 | 16459344 |
| epidemiology of candidaemia and antifungal susceptibility patterns in an italian tertiary-care hospital. | the epidemiological and antifungal susceptibility data for 94 episodes of candidaemia in an italian tertiary-care hospital between january 2000 and august 2003 were evaluated by prospective laboratory-based surveillance. the incidence of fungaemia was 0.90 episodes/10 000 patient-days, and the most common species isolated were candida albicans (40.4%), candida parapsilosis (22.3%), candida tropicalis (16.0%) and candida glabrata (12.8%). among 24 patients who received antifungal prophylaxis, non ... | 2006 | 16460550 |
| a case of peritonitis caused by rhizopus microsporus. | we report a case of a 62-year-old female patient who developed peritonitis after receiving a renal transplant. candida glabrata was detected and treated with voriconazole. as the patient did not improve under therapy, laparotomy was performed. mould-like plaques were found on the peritoneum. using culture as well as pan-fungal polymerase chain reaction (pcr) followed by dna microarray hybridisation of the amplicon, the causative agent was identified as rhizopus microsporus. despite aggressive su ... | 2006 | 16466449 |
| rapid identification of fungal pathogens in bact/alert, bactec, and bbl mgit media using polymerase chain reaction and dna sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer regions. | we report a direct polymerase chain reaction/sequence (d-pcrs)-based method for the rapid identification of clinically significant fungi from 5 different types of commercial broth enrichment media inoculated with clinical specimens. media including bact/alert fa (biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france) (n = 87), bactec plus aerobic/f (becton dickinson, microbiology systems, sparks, md) (n = 16), bactec peds plus/f (becton dickinson) (n = 15), bactec lytic/10 anaerobic/f (becton dickinson) (n = 11) b ... | 2006 | 16466900 |
| dna probes for the rapid identification of medically important candida species using a multianalyte profiling system. | recently, a new flow cytometric technology to detect multiple dna target sequences in a single microtiter well plate was developed [multianalyte profiling (map) system, luminex corp., austin, tx]. dna probes, directed to the internal transcribed spacer 2 region of ribosomal dna, were therefore designed to detect and differentiate pcr amplicons from six medically important candida species using this system. each probe was covalently linked to one of 100 available microsphere (bead) sets. biotinyl ... | 2006 | 16487306 |
| roles of cellular respiration, cgcdr1, and cgcdr2 in candida glabrata resistance to histatin 5. | histatin 5, a human salivary protein with broad-spectrum antifungal activity, is remarkably ineffective against candida glabrata. fluconazole resistance in this fungus is due in most cases to upregulation of cgcdr efflux pumps. we investigated whether the distinct resistance of c. glabrata to histatin 5 is related to similar mechanisms. | 2006 | 16495279 |
| evolutionary relationships between saccharomyces cerevisiae and other fungal species as determined from genome comparisons. | the increasing number of fungal genomes whose sequence has been completed permits their comparison both at the nucleotide and protein levels. the information thus obtained improves our knowledge on evolutionary relationships between fungi. comparison of the saccharomyces cerevisiae genome with other hemiascomycetes genomes confirms that a whole-genome duplication occurred before the diversification between candida glabrata and the saccharomyces sensu stricto species and after separation from the ... | 2005 | 16499414 |
| [multicenter study of fungemia due to yeasts in argentina]. | the incidence of candidemia has increased approximately 500% in high-complexity hospitals. a change in the spectrum of candida infections due to species other than candida albicans has also been detected. between april 1999 and april 2000 a multicenter study was performed in order to determine the species distribution associated to candidemias in argentina and the susceptibility profile of the isolates to the current antifungal drugs. thirty six institutions have participated. all the 265 yeast ... | 2005 | 16502638 |
| amphotericin b and caspofungin resistance in candida glabrata isolates recovered from a critically ill patient. | consecutive candida glabrata isolates recovered from a patient in an intensive care unit were resistant to amphotericin b (minimum inhibitory concentration, up to 32 mu g/ml; determined by etest [ab biodisk]). analyses at the national reference laboratory showed that some isolates were also resistant to azoles and caspofungin. in this study, 4 isolates were studied thoroughly using susceptibility assays and a mouse model and to determine clonality. | 2006 | 16511756 |
| activity of novel non-amphipathic cationic antimicrobial peptides against candida species. | candida species are problematic opportunistic pathogens in the hospital setting, where they are frequently associated with opportunistic infections of indwelling medical devices. there are only a few effective classes of antifungal agents currently available, and some species, such as candida lusitaniae, candida glabrata and candida krusei, are intrinsically resistant to some of these drugs, further reducing existing therapeutic options. we have recently developed synthetic, non-amphipathic cati ... | 2006 | 16524895 |
| highly variable rates of genome rearrangements between hemiascomycetous yeast lineages. | hemiascomycete yeasts cover an evolutionary span comparable to that of the entire phylum of chordates. since this group currently contains the largest number of complete genome sequences it presents unique opportunities to understand the evolution of genome organization in eukaryotes. we inferred rates of genome instability on all branches of a phylogenetic tree for 11 species and calculated species-specific rates of genome rearrangements. we characterized all inversion events that occurred with ... | 2006 | 16532063 |
| [antifungal susceptibility among the isolates of yeast from the university hospital of the ryukyus]. | during the period from 1999 to 2003, a total of 2,255 isolates of yeast from the patients of the university hospital of the ryukyus were determined for their antifungal susceptibilities by the asty (kyokuto pharmaceutical industrial co., ltd., tokyo) colorimetric microdilution testing. the isolates included 1,576 strains of candida albicans, 409 of c. glabrata, 69 of c. tropicalis, 60 of c. parapsilosis and 141 of other candida species. a high and uniform antifungal activity of amphotericin b ag ... | 2005 | 16536058 |
| sequence analysis of rnase mrp rna reveals its origination from eukaryotic rnase p rna. | rnase mrp is a eukaryote-specific endoribonuclease that generates rna primers for mitochondrial dna replication and processes precursor rrna. rnase p is a ubiquitous endoribonuclease that cleaves precursor trna transcripts to produce their mature 5' termini. we found extensive sequence homology of catalytic domains and specificity domains between their rna subunits in many organisms. in candida glabrata, the internal loop of helix p3 is 100% conserved between mrp and p rnas. the helix p8 of mrp ... | 2006 | 16540690 |
| multiple rounds of speciation associated with reciprocal gene loss in polyploid yeasts. | a whole-genome duplication occurred in a shared ancestor of the yeast species saccharomyces cerevisiae, saccharomyces castellii and candida glabrata. here we trace the subsequent losses of duplicated genes, and show that the pattern of loss differs among the three species at 20% of all loci. for example, several transcription factor genes, including ste12, tec1, tup1 and mcm1, are single-copy in s. cerevisiae but are retained in duplicate in s. castellii and c. glabrata. at many loci, different ... | 2006 | 16541074 |
| flocculation, adhesion and biofilm formation in yeasts. | yeast cells possess a remarkable capacity to adhere to abiotic surfaces, cells and tissues. these adhesion properties are of medical and industrial relevance. pathogenic yeasts such as candida albicans and candida glabrata adhere to medical devices and form drug-resistant biofilms. in contrast, cell-cell adhesion (flocculation) is a desirable property of industrial saccharomyces cerevisiae strains that allows the easy separation of cells from the fermentation product. adhesion is conferred by a ... | 2006 | 16556216 |
| candida glabrata pdr1, a transcriptional regulator of a pleiotropic drug resistance network, mediates azole resistance in clinical isolates and petite mutants. | candida glabrata, a yeast with intrinsically low susceptibility to azoles, frequently develops increased azole resistance during prolonged treatment. transposon mutagenesis revealed that disruption of cgpdr1 resulted in an 8- to 16-fold increase in fluconazole susceptibility of c. glabrata. cgpdr1 is a homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae pdr1, which encodes a transcriptional regulator of multidrug transporters. northern blot analyses indicated that cgpdr1 regulated both constitutive and drug-ind ... | 2006 | 16569856 |
| in vitro antibacterial, antifungal & cytotoxic activity of some isonicotinoylhydrazide schiff's bases and their cobalt (ii), copper (ii), nickel (ii) and zinc (ii) complexes. | isonicotinoylhydrazide schiff's bases formed by the reaction of substituted and unsubstituted furyl-2-carboxaldehyde and thiophene-2-carboxaldehyde with isoniazid and, their co (ii), cu (ii), ni (ii) and zn (ii) complexes have been synthesized, characterized and screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhi, shigella dysenteriae, bacillus cereus, corynebac ... | 2006 | 16570512 |
| synthesis of new 3-(substituted phenacyl)-5-[3'-(4h-4-oxo-1-benzopyran-2-yl)-benzylidene]-2,4-thiazolidinediones and their antimicrobial activity. | synthesis of 3-(3-nitrophenacyl)thiazolidine-2,4-dione 2g and 3-(substituted phenacyl)-5-[3'-(4h-4-oxo-1-benzopyran-2-yl)-benzylidene]-2,4-thiazolidinediones 4a-g are reported in this paper. these compounds 4a-g were prepared from 3'-flavone carboxaldehyde and 3-substituted phenacyl-2,4-thiazolidinediones using knoevenagel reaction. the structures of all compounds were confirmed by ir, 1h-nmr, mass spectral data, and elemental analyses. the molecules 4a-g were evaluated for in-vitro antimicrobia ... | 2006 | 16572478 |
| a multicenter randomized trial evaluating posaconazole versus fluconazole for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis in subjects with hiv/aids. | oropharyngeal candidiasis is the most common opportunistic infection among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). use of some agents is hampered by lack of efficacy, emergence of resistance, adverse events, and need for intravenous administration. posaconazole is an extended-spectrum triazole with potent in vitro activity against candida species, including candida albicans, candida glabrata, and candida krusei (including fluconazole-resistant strains). | 2006 | 16575739 |
| phenotypic switching in candida lusitaniae on copper sulfate indicator agar: association with amphotericin b resistance and filamentation. | candida lusitaniae is an opportunistic yeast pathogen that has the ability to develop resistance to amphotericin b (amb). the mechanism(s) for this resistance is not well understood, although there are data supporting mutations in sterol pathways and other data supporting phenotypic switching (ps). the goal of this study was to determine whether c. lusitaniae has a ps system and to characterize any phenotypes, including any changes in amb mics. when 10(4) cfu of an amb-resistant (mic of 16 to 32 ... | 2006 | 16597887 |
| the rna polymerase iii-dependent family of genes in hemiascomycetes: comparative rnomics, decoding strategies, transcription and evolutionary implications. | we present the first comprehensive analysis of rna polymerase iii (pol iii) transcribed genes in ten yeast genomes. this set includes all trna genes (tdna) and genes coding for snr6 (u6), snr52, scr1 and rpr1 rna in the nine hemiascomycetes saccharomyces cerevisiae, saccharomyces castellii, candida glabrata, kluyveromyces waltii, kluyveromyces lactis, eremothecium gossypii, debaryomyces hansenii, candida albicans, yarrowia lipolytica and the archiascomycete schizosaccharomyces pombe. we systemat ... | 2006 | 16600899 |
| [effects of temperature on the kinetics and level of energy charge and oxidation-reduction state in pyruvate biosynthesis]. | temperature plays an important role in pyruvate biosynthesis by torulopsis glabrata 620. the effects of temperature on the substrate consumption, cell growth, pyruvate biosynthesis and level of energy charge and oxidation-reduction state have been investigated. during the constant temperature fermentation, higher temperature can enhance the rate of glucose consumption, cell growth and pyruvate production. however, it also leads to higher energy charge in the prophase of fermentation, too much co ... | 2006 | 16607963 |
| successful treatment of liposomal amphotericin b refractory candida glabrata fungaemia in a patient undergoing a stem cell transplantation. | blood stream infections caused by candida glabrata are difficult to manage. we describe a patient who underwent an allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation for acute myeloid leukaemia. the patient developed c. glabrata fungaemia that was refractory to liposomal amphotericin b therapy. after changing the therapy to caspofungin, blood cultures became sterile within two days and the patient recovered clinically. the patient died shortly after due to graft-versus-host disease and at autopsy t ... | 2006 | 16609161 |
| epidemiology of candida albicans infections and role of non-candida-albicans yeasts. | infections of the skin and the mucous membranes due to candida species may occur either in immuncompromised or in non-immuncompromised patients. this is in contrast to systemic candidiasis (e.g. candidemia) which is only seen in severely immunocompromised patients. bloodstream infections caused by candida species are increasingly recognized in critical ill adult and pediatric individuals, with significant associated morbidity and mortality. candida albicans is the single most common fungal speci ... | 2006 | 16611037 |
| in vitro anticandidal activity of xanthorrhizol isolated from curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb. | xanthorrhizol, isolated from the methanol extract of curcuma xanthorrhiza roxb., was investigated for its anticandidal activity using six candida species. | 2006 | 16617064 |
| epidemiology of superficial mycosis (tinea pedis, onychomycosis) in elementary school children in istanbul, turkey. | the purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of tinea pedis and onychomycosis in children of elementary school age and to examine the socio-demographic attributes that may be effective in correlation of both mycoses. 3,390 female and 3,768 male children between ages 6-14 have been examined in seven schools. skin scrapings and nail samples were taken from 13 students who were suspected to have tinea pedis and from 49 students who were suspected to have onychomycosis. according to dire ... | 2006 | 16617585 |
| [candiduria in intensive care unit: significance and value of yeast numeration in urine]. | justification: candiduria is increasingly frequent among patients admitted to intensive care units but its significance remains unclear. | 2006 | 16626924 |
| successful maintenance of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in a patient after fungal peritonitis and dialysate leakage. | fungal peritonitis (fp) and dialysate leakage have often been reported in association with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd), which has to be discontinued in many cases due to these complications. this report describes the first case of dialysate leakage into the urinary bladder of a 70-year-old male patient, after the area of the left ureteral ostium had been very deeply resected. the leakage probably led to severe fungal peritonitis developing 1 day after the ostium resection. t ... | 2006 | 16629231 |
| increasing glycolytic flux in torulopsis glabrata by redirecting atp production from oxidative phosphorylation to substrate-level phosphorylation. | this study aimed at further increasing the pyruvate productivity of a multi-vitamin auxotrophic yeast torulopsis glabrata by redirecting atp production from oxidative phosphorylation to substrate-level phosphorylation. | 2006 | 16630005 |
| evolution of gene families: the multidrug resistance transporter genes in five related yeast species. | the available genomic sequences of five closely related hemiascomycetous yeast species (kluyveromyces lactis, kluyveromyces waltii, candida glabrata, ashbya (eremothecium) gossypii with saccharomyces cerevisiae as a reference) were analysed to identify multidrug resistance (mdr) transport proteins belonging to the atp-binding cassette (abc) and major facilitator superfamilies (mfs), respectively. the phylogenetic trees clearly demonstrate that a similar set of gene (sub)families already existed ... | 2006 | 16630275 |
| antifungal activity of c-27 steroidal saponins. | as part of our search for new antifungal agents from natural resources, 22 c-27 steroidal saponins and 6 steroidal sapogenins isolated from several monocotyledonous plants were tested for their antifungal activity against the opportunistic pathogens candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida krusei, cryptococcus neoformans, and aspergillus fumigatus. the results showed that the antifungal activity of the steroidal saponins was associated with their aglycone moieties and the number and structure ... | 2006 | 16641439 |
| changing incidence of candida bloodstream infections among nicu patients in the united states: 1995-2004. | recent reports suggest that candidemia caused by fluconazole-resistant strains is increasing in certain adult populations. we evaluated the annual incidence of neonatal candidemia and the frequency of disease caused by different species of candida among neonates in the united states. | 2006 | 16651324 |
| cadmium-sulfide crystallites in cd-(gammaec)(n)g peptide complexes from tomato. | hydroponically grown tomato plants (lycopersicon esculentum p. mill. cv golden boy) exposed to 100 micromolar cadmium sulfate produced metal-(gammaec)(n)g peptide complexes containing acid-labile sulfur. the properties of the complexes resemble those of the cadmium-(gammaec)(n)g peptide complexes from schizosaccharomyces pombe and candida glabrata known to contain a cadmium sulfide crystallite core. the crystallite is stabilized by a sheath of peptides of general structure (gammaglu-cys)(n)-gly. ... | 1992 | 16668618 |
| candidaemia and antifungal therapy in a french university hospital: rough trends over a decade and possible links. | evidence for an increased prevalence of candidaemia and for high associated mortality in the 1990s led to a number of different recommendations concerning the management of at risk patients as well as an increase in the availability and prescription of new antifungal agents. the aim of this study was to parallel in our hospital candidemia incidence with the nature of prescribed antifungal drugs between 1993 and 2003. | 2006 | 16670011 |
| candidemia in patients with hematologic malignancies: analysis of 7 years' experience in a single center. | we report 45 incidents of candidemia in 45 patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies between 1997 and 2004. a large majority of species isolated were non-albicans and there was an unexpectedly high incidence of candida tropicalis. the attributable mortality (15%) was interestingly low in this population of severely immunocompromised patients. | 2006 | 16670081 |
| clinical significance of azole antifungal drug cross-resistance in candida glabrata. | candida glabrata, which can become resistant to fluconazole, is a common cause of bloodstream infection. this study was performed to determine the significance of cross-resistance to new azole drugs among c. glabrata isolates recovered as a cause of infection in azole-treated hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct) recipients. seven cases of invasive candidiasis caused by c. glabrata occurred in hsct recipients who were receiving azole therapy between january 2000 and december 2004 in our inst ... | 2006 | 16672401 |
| [susceptibility of yeasts to antifungal agents in kaunas university of medicine hospital]. | the aim of this study was to determine the species of yeast and their susceptibility to antifungal agents isolated from clinical specimens of patients treated in kaunas university of medicine hospital. | 2006 | 16687901 |
| identification of candida species in formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded oral mucosa by sequencing of ribosomal dna. | aim-to identify candida species in formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue by sequencing candidal rdna.methods-target rdna sequences were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from fresh isolates of candida and from 18 preserved oral mucosal tissue samples (16 cases of chronic hyperplastic candidiasis and two fibroepithelial polyps), shown histologically to contain candida. identification of candida species within tissue was based on a comparison of the rdna sequences obtained with t ... | 1996 | 16696040 |
| differentiation of candida species obtained from nosocomial candidemia using rapd-pcr technique. | thirteen strains of the genus candida were isolated from catheter, urine and surgical wounds from individual patients of the santa casa de misericórdia, belo horizonte, mg, brazil. ten strains were characterized as candida albicans, two as candida glabrata, and one as candida parapsilosis. isolates were evaluated for molecular relatedness by random amplified polymorphic dna technique using 15 primers. the analysis of the genomic dna obtained revealed a low intraspecific polymorphism and did not ... | 2006 | 16699645 |
| evaluation of vitek 2 for identification of yeasts in the clinical laboratory. | the vitek 2 system was compared with conventional assimilation, fermentation and morphological methods for its ability to identify yeast isolates from among 151 clinical specimens and 16 known type culture or quality control strains. an unequivocal identification was obtained for 155 (92.8%) isolates, with low discrimination for nine (5.4%) and false identification for three (1.8%) isolates. all isolates of candida albicans, candida glabrata and candida krusei were identified correctly. it was c ... | 2006 | 16700713 |
| distribution and antifungal susceptibility of candida species isolated from different age populations in taiwan. | a total of 3,926 yeast isolates were isolated from 24 hospitals participating in the taiwan surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of yeasts (tsary) from july to september 2002. candida albicans (69.1%) was the most common species, followed by candida tropicalis (12.9%), candida glabrata (8.3%), candida parapsilosis (2.7%), candida krusei (0.6%), and others (6.4%). to study the distribution and antifungal susceptibility of candida species according to sources and patient ages, we have collecte ... | 2006 | 16702103 |
| control of a candida glabrata prosthetic endovascular infection with posaconazole. | a 63-year-old man with a history of cirrhosis of the liver developed candida glabrata fungemia after undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (tips) placement. treatment with oral fluconazole was initially effective, but when the patient became neutropenic, subsequent blood cultures grew c. glabrata and a thrombus developed, which partially occluded the stent. despite treatment with fluconazole, blood cultures remained positive for c. glabrata. treatment with posaconazole resulte ... | 2006 | 16702108 |
| recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. | recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis affects five percent of women of child-bearing age. the most common organism is candidia albicans, but an increasing number of infections are caused by nonalbicans species. fungal culture directs treatment as nonalbicans species may be azole resistant. c. albicans will respond to anyazole antifungal. treat c. glabrata with boric acid. maintenance therapy should be started immediately after treatment of the acute episode and should last for six months. | 2006 | 16703718 |
| enhancement of pyruvate productivity in torulopsis glabrata: increase of nad+ availability. | this study aimed at increasing the pyruvate productivity from a multi-vitamin auxotrophic yeast torulopsis glabrata, by increasing the availability of nad+. we examined two strategies for increasing availability of nad+. to supplement nicotinic acid (na), the precursor of nad+; and to increase the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase integrating with addition acetaldehyde as exterior electron acceptor. the addition of 8 mg l(-1) na to the fermentation medium resulted in a significant increase in th ... | 2006 | 16713000 |
| routine urine culture at the time of percutaneous urinary drainage: does every patient need one? | to determine the clinical variables associated with bacteriuria in patients undergoing primary percutaneous antegrade urinary drainage procedures in order to predict the utility of routinely obtaining urine cultures at the time of the procedure. | 2006 | 16729231 |
| proteomic analysis of experimentally induced azole resistance in candida glabrata. | the aim of the present study was to identify changes in the proteome of a laboratory-derived azole-resistant strain of candida glabrata compared with its susceptible parent strain in an effort to identify proteins that are differentially expressed in association with azole resistance. | 2006 | 16735426 |
| manoalide derivatives from a sponge, luffariella sp. | a new derivative of manoalide, 24-n-propyl-o-manoalide (1) together with manoalide (4) and four known derivatives (2, 3, 5, 6) were isolated from the methanolic extract of a sponge. their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic method. all the compounds showed significant cytotoxicity against hct-116 cell line by mts assay. secomanoalide indicated antifungal activity on fungal lines candida glabrata,candida krusei and candida albicans by invitro antibiotic assay. | 2006 | 16753777 |
| caspofungin activity against clinical isolates of azole cross-resistant candida glabrata overexpressing efflux pump genes. | several studies have documented the potent in vitro activity of caspofungin against candida spp. this is of special concern for candida glabrata infections that are often resistant to many azole antifungal agents and, consequently, difficult to treat. the aim of the present study was to expand the data on the in vitro activity of caspofungin against azole-resistant isolates of c. glabrata. | 2006 | 16757500 |
| effect of fluconazole consumption on long-term trends in candidal ecology. | fluconazole is an antifungal agent that is widely used for the treatment of candida infection. because of its favourable safety profile it is extensively used for prophylaxis in patient populations with a substantial risk for candida infection. at the individual patient level, exposure to fluconazole selects for candida non-albicans strains such as candida glabrata and candida krusei, with reduced susceptibility or intrinsic resistance to fluconazole. the effect of the volume of consumption of f ... | 2006 | 16757503 |
| time to initiation of fluconazole therapy impacts mortality in patients with candidemia: a multi-institutional study. | inadequate antimicrobial treatment is an independent determinant of hospital mortality, and fungal bloodstream infections are among the types of infection with the highest rates of inappropriate initial treatment. because of significant potential for reducing high mortality rates, we sought to assess the impact of delayed treatment across multiple study sites. the goals our analyses were to establish the frequency and duration of delayed antifungal treatment and to evaluate the relationship betw ... | 2006 | 16758414 |
| epidemiology of community-onset candidemia in connecticut and maryland. | almost one-third of patients with bloodstream infections with candida species (candidemia) have onset of disease that occurs outside of the hospital or < or = 2 days after hospital admission (i.e., community-onset candidemia). we compared the characteristics of patients who developed candidemia by the timing of onset of infection. | 2006 | 16758415 |
| [acute adverse effects following administration of liposomal amphotericin b]. | 2006 | 16762265 | |
| infectious complications following 72 consecutive enteric-drained pancreas transplants. | new immunosuppressive protocols and advanced surgical technique resulted in an improved outcome of pancreatic transplantation (ptx) with infection remaining the most common complication. seventy-two enteric-drained whole ptxs performed at the innsbruck university hospital between september 2002 and october 2004 were retrospectively analyzed. prophylactic immunosuppression consisted of either the standard protocol consisting of single bolus antithymocyteglobulin (atg) (thymoglobulin, sangstat or ... | 2006 | 16764633 |
| atropurosides a-g, new steroidal saponins from smilacina atropurpurea. | atropurosides a-g (1-7), seven new steroidal saponins, which possess new polyhydroxylated aglycones, were isolated from the rhizomes of smilacina atropurpurea (convallariaceae), together with a known saponin, dioscin (8). their structures were elucidated on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis, including 1d and 2d nmr techniques and chemical methods. antifungal testing of the eight compounds indicated that atropurosides b (2) and f (6) were fungicidal against candida albicans, candida gl ... | 2006 | 16766007 |
| candida colonization of the vagina in elderly residents of a long-term-care hospital. | the present study was conducted in order to determine the prevalence of vaginal colonization by candida spp in elderly residents of a long-term-care hospital and to examine the determinants of vaginal candidiasis. vaginal swabs for gram stain and culture were obtained from 106 bedridden residents of a long-term-care hospital (study group; mean age, 83+/-7 years) and a control group of 50 similarly aged women admitted to an acute-care hospital for non-genital problems (mean age, 81+/-8 years). th ... | 2006 | 16767488 |
| antifungal effect of voriconazole on intracellular candida glabrata, candida krusei and candida parapsilosis in human monocyte-derived macrophages. | infections caused by candida species other than candida albicans are increasingly common, and decreased susceptibility to azoles has made them more difficult to treat. since phagocytic killing is important in elimination of candida infections, intracellular killing of fluconazole-resistant candida glabrata, candida krusei and candida parapsilosis (four strains each) by voriconazole was investigated in human monocyte-derived macrophages (mdms). mdms were infected with candida, and voriconazole wa ... | 2006 | 16772413 |
| kre29p is a novel nuclear protein involved in dna repair and mitotic fidelity in candida glabrata. | candida glabrata kre29 is an ortholog of saccharomyces cerevisiae kre29. s. cerevisiae kre29p has been identified by affinity purification as a subunit of the smc5-smc6 complex, which is required for dna repair and chromosome segregation. however, mutant phenotypes of s. cerevisiae kre29 have not been well characterized and none of its orthologs' functions has been reported. here we report phenotypic characteristics of a c. glabrata kre29 deletant. the absence of c. glabrata kre29p resulted in d ... | 2006 | 16775745 |
| [prevalence of vaginal candidiasis in pregnant women. identification of yeasts and susceptibility to antifungal agents]. | pregnant women are more susceptible to both vaginal colonization and infection by yeast. our objectives were to determine the prevalence in pregnant women of yeasts isolated from vaginal exudates and their susceptibility to current antifungal drugs. a total of 493 patients was studied between december 1998 and february 2000. the prevalence of candida spp. was 28% (candida albicans 90.4%; candida glabrata 6.3%; candida parapsilosis 1.1%, candida kefyr 1.1 %; unidentified species 1.1 %). the diffu ... | 2006 | 16784126 |
| capillary isoelectric focusing of microorganisms in the ph range 2-5 in a dynamically modified fs capillary with uv detection. | the isoelectric points of many microbial cells lie within the ph range spanning from 1.5 to 4.5. in this work, we suggest a cief method for the separation of cells according to their isoelectric points in the ph range of 2-5. it includes the segmental injection of the sample pulse composed of the segment of the selected simple ampholytes, the segment of the bioanalytes and the segment of carrier ampholytes into fused silica capillaries dynamically modified by poly(ethylene glycole). this polymer ... | 2006 | 16791563 |
| characterizing the effects of caspofungin on candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, and candida glabrata isolates by simultaneous time-kill and postantifungal-effect experiments. | we measured time-kills and postantifungal effects (pafes) of caspofungin against candida albicans, c. parapsilosis, and c. glabrata isolates. one-hour exposure to caspofungin during pafe experiments accounted for the majority of killing during time-kill experiments. regrowth of all isolates was inhibited for at least 24 h following drug washout. | 2006 | 16801448 |
| pdr1 regulates multidrug resistance in candida glabrata: gene disruption and genome-wide expression studies. | candida glabrata emerged in the last decade as a common cause of mucosal and invasive fungal infection, in large part due to its intrinsic or acquired resistance to azole antifungals such as fluconazole. in c. glabrata clinical isolates, the predominant mechanism behind azole resistance is upregulated expression of multidrug transporter genes cdr1 and pdh1. we previously reported that azole-resistant mutants (mic >or= 64 microg ml(-1)) of strain 66032 (mic = 16 microg ml(-1)) similarly show coor ... | 2006 | 16803598 |
| transfer of genetic material between pathogenic and food-borne yeasts. | many pathogenic yeast species are asexual and therefore not involved in intra- or interspecies mating. however, high-frequency transfer of plasmid dna was observed when pathogenic and food-borne yeasts were grown together. this property could play a crucial role in the spread of virulence and drug resistance factors among yeasts. | 2006 | 16820520 |
| biology of the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata. | the yeasts, being favorite eukaryotic microorganisms used in food industry and biotechnologies for production of biomass and various substances, are also used as model organisms in genetic manipulation, molecular and biological research. in this respect, saccharomyces cerevisiae is the best-known species but current situation in medicine and industry requires the use of other species. here we summarize the basic taxonomic, morphological, physiological, genetic, etc. information about the pathoge ... | 2006 | 16821705 |
| antifungal activity of some tanzanian plants used traditionally for the treatment of fungal infections. | using the ethnobotanical approach, some tanzanian plants reported to be used by traditional healers for the treatment of oral candidiasis and fungal infections of the skin were collected and screened for their antifungal activity against candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei and cryptococcus neoformans. a total of 65 crude methanol extracts belonging to 56 plant species and 38 families were screened using the broth microdilution method, acco ... | 2006 | 16829001 |