Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies and aptamers against major antigens of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | specific antibodies, available in unlimited quantities, have not been produced against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the bacterium that causes johne's disease (jd). to fill this gap in jd research, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis were produced from balb/c mice immunized with a whole-cell extract of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. a total of 10 hybridomas producing mabs to proteins ranging from 25 to 85 kda were obtained. all mabs showed some ... | 2007 | 17344350 |
| effect of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection on production, reproduction, and health traits in us holsteins. | our objective was to estimate the effect of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection on milk, fat, and protein yield deviations, pregnancy rate, lactation somatic cell score, and projected total months in milk (productive life). a serum elisa and fecal culture for m. paratuberculosis were performed on 4375 holsteins in 232 dhia herds throughout the us. primarily first through third lactation cows (99% of total) were assayed for infection. trait information (except productive life) was obtained f ... | 2007 | 17350703 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile homogeneity of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from cattle and heterogeneity of those from sheep and goats. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes paratuberculosis in animals and is suspected of causing crohn's disease in humans. characterization of strains led to classify paratuberculosis isolates in two main types, cattle type strains, found affecting all host species, and sheep type strains, reported affecting mainly sheep. in order to get a better understanding of the epidemiology of paratuberculosis a large set of map isolates obtained from different species over the last 25 yea ... | 2007 | 17352818 |
| association of fecal shedding of mycobacteria with high elisa-determined seroprevalence for paratuberculosis in beef herds. | to evaluate the seroprevalence of paratuberculosis by use of 2 commercial elisas in association with prevalence of fecal shedding of mycobacteria within beef cattle herds. | 2007 | 17362167 |
| contribution of environmental mycobacteria to false-positive serum elisa results for paratuberculosis. | to evaluate the effect of exposure to environmental mycobacteria on results of 2 commercial elisas for paratuberculosis in cattle. | 2007 | 17362168 |
| antigen discovery: a postgenomic approach to paratuberculosis diagnosis. | paratuberculosis is a chronic enteritis caused in domestic and wild ruminant species by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) that is responsible for major economic losses to the agricultural industry. to date, no satisfactory therapeutic, vaccine, or diagnostic tools are available, globally impairing all control programs. in this study, we have undertaken a large-scale postgenomic analysis of map proteins, to identify specific antigens that could potentially improve the diagnosis of ... | 2007 | 17366477 |
| the associations between culling due to clinical johne's disease or the detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis fecal shedding and the diagnosis of clinical or subclinical diseases in two dairy herds in minnesota, usa. | our objectives were to identify associations between clinical or subclinical diseases and subsequent culling because of clinical johne's disease (jd) or the detection of fecal shedding of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (map) after 305 days in milk (dim). a total of 1297 cows from two minnesota dairies were enrolled in the study. from study cows, fecal samples were obtained prior to calving (close-up period) and after at least 305 dim or at the time of leaving the herd (sold/dead). between 3 and ... | 2007 | 17368838 |
| short communication: association analysis of microsatellites and mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis antibody response in german holsteins. | paratuberculosis in ruminants is characterized by chronic granulomatous enteritis, resulting in persistent diarrhea and progressive wasting of cattle infected with mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map). the disease occurs worldwide with high frequency, leading to growing economic losses in beef and dairy industries. the objective of this study was to investigate associations of microsatellites (bmc9006, bb704, bb705, bb717, bb719, bms1617, bb702, and bobt24) located near or within cand ... | 2007 | 17369236 |
| survey of ground beef for the detection of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) is thought to be associated with crohn's disease in humans. since johne's disease affects dairy and beef cattle, meat may be a possible route of transmission of map to humans. in this study, we compared a rapid multiplex real time pcr assay and conventional culture to detect map in ground beef. the real time pcr assay amplifies both an internal sequence of the is900 gene and an internal control targeting the ruminant-specific mt-cyt-b gene, in order to ... | 2007 | 17378715 |
| host responses to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a complex arsenal. | the immune system is not always successful in recognizing and destroying pathogens it may encounter. host immunity to mycobacteria is characterized by a very complex series of events, designed to clear the infection. the first line of defense is uptake and processing of the pathogen by macrophages, followed by the initiation of cell-mediated immunity. the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as ifn-gamma is credited with containment of mycobacterial infections. yet it is clear that activ ... | 2006 | 17389054 |
| impact of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infection on serologic surveillance for johne's disease in goats. | false-positive results on serologic assays for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) are believed to occur due to cross-reacting antibody produced by corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (c. pstb) infection in goats. this issue of compromised specificity was evaluated by testing 771 adult goats from 10 midwestern goat herds in 2004. assays for map infection included radiometric fecal culture and 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas); elisa-positive samples were tested by agar g ... | 2007 | 17402615 |
| combined streptomycin-isoniazid-rifampin therapy in the treatment of johne's disease in a goat. | johne's disease (paratuberculosis) is an insidious, invariably fatal, chronic disease of ruminants. an increasing role for the goat as a companion animal as well as its commercial use stimulated interest in attempting to treat johne's disease in this species. the disease tends to differ both clinically and pathologically in goats compared to cattle because the former species often has less severe intestinal involvement. it was, therefore, speculated that response to therapy may differ between ca ... | 1982 | 17422141 |
| rapid and reliable method for quantification of mycobacterium paratuberculosis by use of the bactec mgit 960 system. | a simple method for the enumeration of viable mycobacterium paratuberculosis cells was developed and evaluated using the mgit 960 culture system. for each of 12 m. paratuberculosis strains isolated from either cattle or humans, single-cell suspensions of m. paratuberculosis cells were adjusted to an optical density at 600 nm of 1.00 (10(7.6) to 10(8.2) cells/ml), and serial dilutions were prepared. standard curves were established by relating the mgit time-to-detection data to the log10 cfu for ... | 2007 | 17428943 |
| uv light inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in milk as assessed by fastplaquetb phage assay and culture. | uv light inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in middlebrook 7h9 broth and whole and semiskim milk was investigated using a laboratory-scale uv machine that incorporated static mixers within uv-penetrable pipes. uv treatment proved to be less effective in killing m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis suspended in milk (0.5- to 1.0-log(10) reduction per 1,000 mj/ml) than that suspended in middlebrook 7h9 broth (2.5- to 3.3-log(10) reduction per 1,000 mj/ml). the fastplaquetb pha ... | 2007 | 17435001 |
| epidemiological evidence for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis as a cause of crohn's disease. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johne's disease, a chronic enteritis in ruminants including cattle, sheep, goats, and farmed deer. recently, this bacterium has received an increasingly wide interest because of a rapidly growing body of scientific evidence which suggests that human infection with this microorganism may be causing some, and possibly all, cases of crohn's disease. recent studies have shown that a high percentage of people with crohn's disea ... | 2007 | 17445316 |
| experimental animal infection models for johne's disease, an infectious enteropathy caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | a critical literature review of experimental infection models for johne's disease in farm and laboratory animals was conducted. a total of 73 references were admitted. they were published between 1938 and 2006 and covered species as diverse as cattle, sheep, goats, deer, mice, pigs and others. the factors that appeared to influence the outcome of experimental infections with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb) were the species, breed and age of subject used for the infection, the ... | 2008 | 17449304 |
| application of different methods for the diagnosis of experimental paratuberculosis in goats. | the diagnosis of subclinical paratuberculosis is still considered a major problem worldwide. as part of investigating diagnostic strategies for the paratuberculosis infection, sequential results of various diagnostic methods in a progressive experimental infection in goats were evaluated. twenty-three goat kids were divided into three groups: the infected, contact and control, comprising 10, five and eight goats respectively. animals of the infected group were orally inoculated on seven occasion ... | 2007 | 17456145 |
| immune response to and faecal shedding of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in young dairy calves, and the association between test results in the calves and the infection status of their dams. | the objectives of this study were to: (i) evaluate the results of an intradermal skin test, a modified ifn-gamma test, and a commercial elisa in commercially raised dairy calves at 2, 4, 6 and 8 months of age relative to faecal shedding of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map); (ii) determine the proportion of 8-month-old calves shedding map in faeces as detected by culture and one tube nested polymerase chain reaction (otsn-pcr) and (iii) explore the association between results of tes ... | 2007 | 17456147 |
| augmentation of secreted and intracellular gamma interferon following johnin purified protein derivative sensitization of cows naturally infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | measurement of secreted interferon (ifn)-gamma has proven to be a valuable tool for the detection of animals infected with mycobacterial pathogens, including mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. previous reports have suggested that tuberculin skin testing can influence the performance of the ifn-gamma assay. in the present study, healthy noninfected cows, and cows subclinically and clinically infected with m. paratuberculosis were administered an intradermal injection of johnin purified ... | 2007 | 17459831 |
| skin test and gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results in sheep exposed to dead mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis organisms. | cell-mediated immunity (cmi) diagnostic tests, such as the gamma interferon enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ifn-gamma elisa) and the johnin skin test, have the potential to detect animals infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) early in the course of the disease. while these cmi tests tend to be relatively specific in noninfected flocks, in map-infected flocks, these tests often identify animals that cannot be confirmed infected by any other reference test, includi ... | 2007 | 17459838 |
| diagnosis of paratuberculosis by fecal culture and elisa on milk and serum samples in two types of chilean dairy goat herds. | fecal culture has been the primary method used to diagnose paratuberculosis in goats. it is laborious, slow, and expensive. validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) on milk samples could make paratuberculosis testing more widely available for goat farmers. the aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of serum and milk elisas for paratuberculosis, relative to fecal culture, in chilean dairy goats. eight dairy goat herds were selected. feces, blood, and milk samples were co ... | 2007 | 17459841 |
| experimental challenge models for johne's disease: a review and proposed international guidelines. | an international committee of johne's disease (jd) researchers was convened to develop guidelines for jd challenge studies in multiple animal species. the intent was to develop and propose international standard guidelines for models based on animal species that would gain acceptance worldwide. parameters essential for the development of long-term and short-term infection models were outlined and harmonized to provide a "best fit" jd challenge model for cattle, goats, sheep, cervids, and mice. t ... | 2007 | 17467201 |
| development of a method for bayesian nonparametric roc analysis with application to an elisa for johne's disease in dairy cattle. | six hundred and sixty-eight dairy cattle were tested for johne's disease using a direct-fecal real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), fecal culture, and serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). likelihood ratios (lrs) were estimated for five categories of sample-to-positive (s/p) values for the elisa: <0.1, 0.1-0.249, 0.25-0.399, 0.4-0.999, > or =1.0. the statistical method assumed a single multinomial model for cross-classified rt-pcr, fecal culture results, and elisa category str ... | 2007 | 17482696 |
| seroprevalence of and agroecological risk factors for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and neospora caninum infection among adult beef cattle in cow-calf herds in alberta, canada. | a province-wide cross-sectional seroprevalence and agroecological risk factor study of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) and neospora caninum (nc) infection among cattle in 100 cow-calf herds in alberta was conducted. the seroprevalence of map in adult cattle was 1.5% across all herds. using a widely accepted herd test cutpoint of 2 or more seropositive cows out of 30 animals tested, 7.9% of herds were estimated to be infected (95% confidence interval (ci): 2.3-23.4%). seropr ... | 2007 | 17494367 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in scavenging mammals in wisconsin. | the presence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in non-ruminant wildlife has raised questions regarding the role of these species in johne's disease transmission. in this study we tested 472 tissues from 212 animals of six different species of scavenging mammals. all animals were taken from within a 210-square-mile area in dane and iowa counties of south central wisconsin from september to may in 2003-04 and tested for the presence of map. we detected map-specific dna in 81 of ... | 2007 | 17495318 |
| effective heat inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in raw milk contaminated with naturally infected feces. | the effectiveness of high-temperature, short holding time (htst) pasteurization and homogenization with respect to inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis was evaluated quantitatively. this allowed a detailed determination of inactivation kinetics. high concentrations of feces from cows with clinical symptoms of johne's disease were used to contaminate raw milk in order to realistically mimic possible incidents most closely. final m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis concentratio ... | 2007 | 17496131 |
| influence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on colitis development and specific immune responses during disease. | the granulomatous and intramural inflammation observed in cases of inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd) and veterinary johne's disease suggests that mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is a causative agent. however, an incomplete understanding of the immunological steps responsible for the pathologies of ibd makes this conclusion uncertain. sera from interleukin-10-deficient (il-10(-/-)) mice with spontaneous colitis displayed significantly higher m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific i ... | 2007 | 17502388 |
| environmental mycobacteria in soil and water on beef ranches: association between presence of cultivable mycobacteria and soil and water physicochemical characteristics. | exposure to environmental mycobacteria has been reported to be a factor contributing to false-positive results on bovine serological tests detecting antibodies to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb). this study was conducted to investigate the association between recovery of mycobacteria from the environment of cattle and both (i) historically high or low seroprevalence to mptb, and (ii) soil and water physicochemical characteristics. eighty-two samples (soil and water) from nine ... | 2007 | 17512144 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis diagnosis and geno-typing: genomic insights. | effective control of paratuberculosis and investigations of potential link to crohn's disease have been hampered by the lack of effective assays for easy and accurate diagnosis of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). map is extremely fastidious and depends on iron chelator (mycobactin). map strains from humans and sheep are very difficult to isolate and may require years to emerge. therefore, small numbers of map isolates have been maintained in available collections. this situ ... | 2009 | 17517501 |
| new variable-number tandem-repeat markers for typing mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and m. avium strains: comparison with is900 and is1245 restriction fragment length polymorphism typing. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the etiological agent of paratuberculosis, affects a wide range of domestic ruminants and has been suggested to be involved in crohn's disease in humans. most available methods for identifying and differentiating strains of this difficult species are technically demanding and have limited discriminatory power. here, we report the identification of novel pcr-based typing markers consisting of variable-number tandem repeats (vntrs) of genetic elements c ... | 2007 | 17537942 |
| role of the mapk(erk) pathway in regulation of cytokine expression by mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis-exposed bovine monocytes. | to evaluate the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal-regulated kinase (mapk(erk)) pathway in the interaction between mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) organisms and bovine monocytes. | 2007 | 17542695 |
| evaluation of indigenous milk elisa with m-culture and m-pcr for the diagnosis of bovine johne's disease (bjd) in lactating indian dairy cattle. | present study is the first attempt to evaluate an indigenous milk elisa with milk culture, standardize milk pcr, estimate lacto-prevalence of map and genotype map dna from milk samples in few indian dairy herds. in all 115 cows were sampled from 669 lactating cows in six dairy herds from three districts of north india. fifty milk samples (four herds) were screened by three tests (milk culture, m-elisa and m-pcr). lacto-prevalence of map in four dairy herds was 84.0% (50.0% in fat and 62.0% in se ... | 2008 | 17544046 |
| autoreactive antibodies are present in sheep with johne's disease and cross-react with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis antigens. | mycobacterial infection has been linked to the generation of autoantibodies, including anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (anca), in clinical studies and small animal models. in an attempt to identify antibodies that react with both self and mycobacterial antigens in naturally infected ruminants, we generated a phage display library comprising single chain antibody fragments (scfv) from sheep with johne's disease (jd). the library was screened simultaneously against ovine small intestina ... | 2007 | 17544799 |
| pooled faecal culture for the detection of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis in goats. | to evaluate pooled faecal culture for herd diagnosis of caprine johne's disease and relate these findings to faecal shedding rates of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map). | 2007 | 17547638 |
| life and death in bovine monocytes: the fate of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | we previously reported that the number of acid-fast bacilli within mycobacterium paratuberculosis-infected bovine monocytes increased steadily during an 8-day incubation period in vitro, despite a decrease in the number of viable bacilli as estimated by a radiometric method. in this study, we used differential live/dead staining of bacilli from infected monocytes to show that the percentage of viable bacilli decreased during an 8-day incubation period. we observed poor phagosome-lysosome fusion ... | 2007 | 17548182 |
| evaluation of radiometric faecal culture and direct pcr on pooled faeces for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle. | dilution rates for pooled faecal culture (pfc) and direct is900 polymerase chain reaction (d-pcr) tests were evaluated on faecal samples from infected cows mixed with uninfected faeces in dilutions from 1 in 5 to 1 in 50. pfc was performed by radiometric culture, with confirmation by is900 pcr and restriction endonuclease analysis (pcr/rea) on growth, and by mycobactin dependency testing on solid medium. using 37 culture positive faecal samples from 12 subclinical cows, 83.8% and 94.6% of sample ... | 2007 | 17560743 |
| assessment of management-related risk factors for paratuberculosis in danish dairy herds using bayesian mixture models. | transmission of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) to susceptible animals is primarily considered to occur via faeces and milk originating from infectious cows. however, studies of factors resulting in increased transmission of map are difficult to perform due to a long and unpredictable incubation period and inaccurate diagnostic tests. a multi-level bayesian mixture model has been shown to predict the infection status of an individual cow more precisely than traditional cut-off ... | 2007 | 17561292 |
| on the action of 5-amino-salicylic acid and sulfapyridine on m. avium including subspecies paratuberculosis. | introduced in 1942, sulfasalazine (a conjugate of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-asa) and sulfapyridine) is the most prescribed medication used to treat "inflammatory" bowel disease (ibd.) although controversial, there are increasingly compelling data that mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) may be an etiological agent in some or all of ibd. we have shown that two other agents used in the therapy of ibd (methotrexate and 6-mp) profoundly inhibit map growth. we concluded that their mo ... | 2007 | 17565369 |
| reduction in milk yield associated with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection in dairy cows. | to assess the profitability of control schemes for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map)-infection implemented in dairy herds, accurate estimates of its production effects are needed. this study aimed at quantifying the variation in milk yield of dairy cows according to their map-infection status. the cow-status was determined by combining (i) its testing(s)-result(s) (serum elisa, faecal culture (fc), pcr, ziehl staining), (ii) the map-status of its herd, and (iii) its possible ... | 2007 | 17565909 |
| bayesian mixture models for within-herd prevalence estimates of bovine paratuberculosis based on a continuous elisa response. | diagnostic inference by use of assays such as elisa is usually done by dichotomizing the optical density (od)-values based on a predetermined cut-off. for paratuberculosis, a slowly developing infection in cattle and other ruminants, it is known that laboratory factors as well as animal specific covariates influence the od-value, but while laboratory factors are adjusted for, the animal specific covariates are seldom utilized when establishing cut-offs. furthermore, when dichotomizing an od-valu ... | 2007 | 17574284 |
| isolation of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from non-ruminant wildlife living in the sheds and on the pastures of greek sheep and goats. | this study aimed to: (1) investigate whether non-ruminant wildlife interfacing with dairy sheep and goats of four greek flocks endemically infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) harboured map and (2) genetically compare the strains isolated from the wildlife to those isolated from the small ruminants of these flocks. we cultured and screened, by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), pooled-tissue samples from 327 wild animals of 11 species for the map-specific is900 inser ... | 2008 | 17578601 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in ovine faeces by direct quantitative pcr has similar or greater sensitivity compared to radiometric culture. | the aims of this study were to develop a new real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay based on is900 for detection and quantification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) dna in faeces, and to use this to detect infected sheep. both the c and s strains of map were detected by the qpcr assay, and no cross reactions were detected with 51 other species of mycobacteria including 10 which contained is900-like sequences. one copy of is900 fragment cloned into plasmid pcr2.1 and 1 fg of ... | 2007 | 17582709 |
| [mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in food and its relationship with crohn's disease]. | paratuberculosis or johne's disease is a chronic enteritis of the cattle and other small ruminant animals caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. in argentina, the strains were characterized in beef and dairy cattle and deer in different genetic patterns by molecular tools. m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis has been linked in men to a chronic inflammation of the intestine, named crohn's disease. there is clinical and experimental evidence to link m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis wi ... | 2007 | 17585661 |
| diagnostic validity and costs of pooled fecal samples and individual blood or fecal samples to determine the cow- and herd-status for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | two tests are used on a regular basis to detect mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map): elisa and fecal culture. fecal culture is considered more sensitive and specific but is costly and requires 3-4 months for results. pooling of fecal samples of individual animals may reduce the high costs of fecal culture. the objective of the study was to investigate the diagnostic validity and costs for pooling of fecal samples in dairy farms relative to culture or an elisa on individual samples ... | 2007 | 17597241 |
| is alpha-dystroglycan the missing link in the mechanism of enterocyte uptake and translocation of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis? | mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) is an important animal pathogen with a potential role in human disease. map is recognized to cause severe diarrheas and wasting syndrome in patients infected by the human immuno-deficiency virus. recently, there is also growing evidence that map is somehow involved into the patho-mechanisms of crohn's disease. however, the mechanism how map binds to the intestinal mucosa and consecutively invades and translocates the intestinal epithelial cells is still ... | 2008 | 17597306 |
| diagnostic performance of the pourquier elisa for detection of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in individual milk and bulk milk samples of dairy herds. | the objective of the study was to determine the diagnostic performance of the pourquier elisa for detection of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in individual milk samples and in bulk milk samples. for individual milk samples the specificity of the pourquier elisa was estimated by testing a panel of individual milk samples from certified map-free herds. the relative sensitivity of the assay in individual milk samples and agreement of the results with those of s ... | 2007 | 17601689 |
| risk factors for ovine johne's disease in infected sheep flocks in australia. | we conducted a cross-sectional study in 2004-2005 to investigate risk factors for ovine johne's disease (ojd) involving 92 infected merino sheep flocks in australia. in each enrolled flock we collected pooled faecal-samples from 3- to 5-year-old sheep and cultured them for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) to determine their ojd status. based on pooled faecal-culture (pfc) results, three outcome variables representing different facets of disease biology were derived: pool ojd sta ... | 2007 | 17602766 |
| effect of maternal cells transferred with colostrum on cellular responses to pathogen antigens in neonatal calves. | to assess the effect of maternal cells or cellular components on neonatal immune responses to intracellular pathogens in calves. | 2007 | 17605614 |
| acute panuveitis with hypopyon in crohn's disease secondary to medical therapy: a case report. | abstract: | 2007 | 17610725 |
| comparative genomics of mycobacterial proteases. | although proteases are recognized as important virulent factors in pathogenic microorganisms, little information is available so far regarding the potential role of these enzymes in diseases caused by mycobacteria. here we use bioinformatic tools to compare the protease-coding genes present in the genome of mycobacterium leprae, mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis. this analysis allowed a review of the nomenclature of the protease family prese ... | 2007 | 17611072 |
| map-associated crohn's disease map, koch's postulates, causality and crohn's disease. | 2007 | 17611175 | |
| identification of a qtl on bta20 affecting susceptibility to mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection in us holsteins. | the objective of this study was to identify qtl affecting susceptibility to mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection in us holsteins. twelve paternal half-sib families were selected for the study based on large numbers of daughters in production and limited relationships among sires. serum and faecal samples from 4350 daughters of these 12 sires were obtained for disease testing. case definition for an infected cow was an elisa sample-to-positive ratio >/=0.25, a positive faecal culture or both. ... | 2007 | 17617211 |
| lymphoproliferative response and its relationship with histological lesions in experimental ovine paratuberculosis and its diagnostic implications. | lymphoproliferative response (lpr) was studied in 19 lambs orally infected (group i) with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) with in vitro lymphocyte stimulation test using mtt dye reduction assay. the non-specific lpr against con a and specific lpr against sonicated antigen and johnin ppd (purified protein derivatives) were estimated on preinfection (0 day) and various days postinfection period (15 to 330 dpi) in the animals, which were classified according to histological and ba ... | 2008 | 17619156 |
| extracellular atp is cytotoxic to mononuclear phagocytes but does not induce killing of intracellular mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the etiologic agent of johne's disease, a chronic granulomatous enteritis in ruminants. atp has been reported to induce cell death of macrophages and killing of mycobacterium species in human and murine macrophages. in this study we investigated the short-term effect of atp on the viability of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-infected bovine mononuclear phagocytes and the bacilli within them. addition of 5 mm atp to m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis- ... | 2007 | 17634511 |
| prevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in swiss raw milk cheeses collected at the retail level. | a total of 143 raw milk cheese samples (soft cheese, n = 9; semihard cheese, n = 133; hard cheese, n = 1), collected at the retail level throughout switzerland, were tested for mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) by immunomagnetic capture plus culture on 7h10-panta medium and in supplemented bac-tec 12b medium, as well as by an f57-based real-time pcr system. furthermore, ph and water activity values were determined for each sample. although no viable map cells could be cultured, 4.2 ... | 2007 | 17638968 |
| differential activation of polymorphisms of the formyl peptide receptor by formyl peptides. | we have investigated the role of two polymorphic sites (r190w and n192k) on the binding and activation of the formyl peptide receptor (fpr) by viral and formyl peptides. wedwvgwi, a peptide with antiviral activity derived from the membrane proximal region of feline immunodeficiency virus, binds with high affinity to fpr. the three tryptophans in the peptide are all essential for fpr binding, just as they were essential for antiviral activity [s. giannecchini, a. di fenza, a.m. d'ursi, d. matteuc ... | 2007 | 17644322 |
| corticotropin-releasing hormone and urocortin expression in peripheral blood cells from experimentally infected cattle with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | urocortin (ucn) is a new neuropeptide of the corticotrophin-releasing hormone (crh) family which plays an important role in immune responses. mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis (johne's disease). the role of ucn or crh in the pathogenesis of map-infection is unknown. in the present study, we first cloned the bovine ucn gene and demonstrated the profile of ucn or crh expression in peripheral blood cells from map-infected cattle and u ... | 2007 | 17644386 |
| effect of high pressure and pasteurization on mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in milk. | to determine the effect of high pressures alone and in conjunction with pasteurization on the viability of two strains of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map). | 2007 | 17651211 |
| mycobacterium paratuberculosis is recognized by toll-like receptors and nod2. | mycobacterium paratuberculosis has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease (cd). the importance of microorganisms in cd is supported by the association of cd with mutations in the intracellular pathogen recognition receptor (prr) nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (nod2). the aim of this study is to investigate the prr involved in the recognition of m. paratuberculosis. methods used include in vitro stimulation of transfected cell lines, murine macrophages, ... | 2007 | 17652449 |
| polymorphisms in gyra and gyrb genes among mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis type i, ii, and iii isolates. | the analysis of the gyra and gyrb genes of a panel of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from types i, ii, and iii detected type-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms. based on these results, we developed a pcr and restriction enzyme analysis to discriminate type i and iii isolates. the application of this technique would be the unique strategy to characterize these strains when there is not enough bacterial growth to perform pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and is900 restri ... | 2007 | 17670925 |
| what is human inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) more like: johne's disease in cattle or ibd in dogs and cats? | 2008 | 17680652 | |
| a comparison of methods to estimate the prevalence of ovine johne's infection from pooled faecal samples. | to compare estimates of ovine johne's infection prevalence produced by several alternate methods based on pooled faecal culture (pfc) results with prevalence estimates based on individual faecal culture (ifc). | 2007 | 17685977 |
| limited phenotypic and functional maturation of bovine monocyte-derived dendritic cells following mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in vitro. | after encountering antigen, dendritic cells (dc) must differentiate into a fully mature phenotype to induce a protective, lasting t cell immunity. paratuberculosis is a disease caused by the intracellular pathogen mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) and is characterized by a transient cell mediated immune response, that when dissipates correlates to the onset of clinical disease. in order to study the mechanism of early cellular immunity associated with m. parat ... | 2007 | 17686529 |
| defining the stressome of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in vitro and in naturally infected cows. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes an enteric infection in cattle, with a great impact on the dairy industry in the united states and worldwide. characterizing the gene expression profile of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis exposed to different stress conditions, or shed in cow feces, could improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. in this report, the stress response of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis on a genome-wide level (stressome) wa ... | 2007 | 17693514 |
| differential cytokine gene expression profiles in the three pathological forms of sheep paratuberculosis. | johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gut caused by infection with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). symptoms include wasting, diarrhoea, loss of condition and eventual death. three forms of johne's disease have been described in sheep - paucibacillary, multibacillary and asymptomatic. the paucibacillary form is characterized by an inflammatory, th1-type immune response. the multibacillary form of the disease, which disseminates the infection, is character ... | 2007 | 17697353 |
| [mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in inflammatory bowel diseases]. | in the paper results were presented of a study on manifestation of infection with mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis in 16 patients aged 15-42 years with leśniowski-crohn disease (group 1), in 20 patients aged 21-50 years with ulcerative colitis (group 2) and in 12 healthy individuals aged 23-60 years (group 3, control). all the ill patients were subjected to surgery, involving partial or total resection of large intestine, while individuals in group 3 (control) were subjected to colonos ... | 2007 | 17702444 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and crohn's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | this systematic review assesses the evidence for an association between mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) and crohn's disease. we analysed 28 case-control studies comparing map in patients with crohn's disease with individuals free of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) or patients with ulcerative colitis. compared with individuals free of ibd, the pooled odds ratio (or) from studies using pcr in tissue samples was 7.01 (95% ci 3.95-12.4) and was 1.72 (1.02-2.90) in studies usin ... | 2007 | 17714674 |
| simulation model for evaluation of testing strategies for detection of paratuberculosis in midwestern us dairy herds. | we developed a stochastic simulation model to compare the herd sensitivity (hse) of five testing strategies for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in midwestern us dairies. testing strategies were elisa serologic testing by two commercial assays (ea and eb), elisa testing with follow-up of positive samples with individual fecal culture (eaifc and ebifc), individual fecal culture (ifc), pooled fecal culture (pfc), and culture of fecal slurry samples from the environmen ... | 2008 | 17719108 |
| cell membrane receptors on bovine mononuclear phagocytes involved in phagocytosis of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis. | to determine cell membrane receptors involved in phagocytosis of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) organisms. | 2007 | 17764412 |
| variation in the immuno-pathological responses of lambs after experimental infection with different strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | ruminant infection by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes a granulomatous inflammatory response in the intestine and associated lymph nodes. differences either in the affected organs or in the inflammatory infiltrate were observed between species and individuals. such differences are usually attributed to variations in host immune responses or to inconsistent effects among different map strains. to evaluate if different map strains induce different immuno-pathological respon ... | 2007 | 17803513 |
| pathogenic 'bison-type' mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis genotype characterized from riverine buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in north india. | despite low per-animal productivity of ruminants in developing countries, johne's disease has not been investigated in buffaloes, which are primarily found in these countries. this is due to lack of expertise, diagnostic kits and priority to production diseases like johne's disease. presence of pathogenic mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) was investigated by screening of target tissues (mesenteric lymph nodes and large intestine) by culture and is 900 pcr, in 50 sacrificed bu ... | 2008 | 17804069 |
| survival of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages is not affected by host infection status but depends on the infecting bacterial genotype. | in this study we investigated the ability of different mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (m. paratuberculosis) strains to survive in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages (mdms) of cows naturally infected with m. paratuberculosis and control cows. we tested the hypotheses that infection status of cows affects macrophage killing ability and that survival of m. paratuberculosis in macrophages is dependent on the strain. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were obtained from johne's d ... | 2007 | 17825427 |
| sero-prevalence of bovine johne's disease in buffaloes and cattle population of north india using indigenous elisa kit based on native mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis 'bison type' genotype of goat origin. | present pilot study is the first attempt in the country to estimate sero-prevalence of bovine johne's disease (bjd) by screening cattle and buffaloes representing large population belonging to farmer's and farm herds in the home tracts (uttar pradesh (up) and punjab) of hariana cattle and murrah buffaloes in north india. indigenous and in-house plate elisa kit (using protoplasmic antigen from native mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis 'bison type' strain of goat origin), originally devel ... | 2008 | 17854892 |
| transmission parameters of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infections in a dairy herd going through a control program. | a johne's disease control program, including stringent management practices and a test-and-cull program (whole-herd fecal-samples taken twice a year), was implemented on a medium-sized pennsylvania dairy farm that was suffering losses from clinical johne's disease. the data that emerged from the control program, combined with birthdates, culling dates, lactation information and pedigrees, yielded an extensive longitudinal dataset. the dataset was processed through sas 9.1 for statistical analysi ... | 2008 | 17868937 |
| characterization of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis disseminated infection in dairy cattle and its association with antemortem test results. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) disseminated infection in dairy cattle affects animal health and productivity and is also a potential public health concern. the study objectives were to characterize map disseminated infection in dairy cattle and to determine the role of antemortem tests in detecting cattle with disseminated infection. forty culled dairy cows representing a variety of serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) results and body conditions were selected f ... | 2008 | 17881159 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from patients with crohn's disease using nucleic acid-based techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | this study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using nucleic acid-based techniques to detect mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) in patients with crohn's disease (cd) compared with controls. database searches were conducted and risk difference estimates were calculated using meta-analysis. fifty-eight studies were reviewed, 47 of which were included in the analysis. the pooled estimate of risk difference from all studies was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [ci], 0.14-0.32) u ... | 2008 | 17886288 |
| comparison of 13 single-round and nested pcr assays targeting is900, ismav2, f57 and locus 255 for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | for molecular biological detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), pcr methods with primers targeting different regions specific for map are used worldwide. however, some uncertainties exist concerning the specificity of certain target regions and the sensitivity. to identify the methods which are best suited for diagnostics, 8 single-round and 5 nested pcr systems including 12 different primer pairs based on is900 (9 x), ismav2 (1x), f57 (1x), and locus 255 (1x) sequences ... | 2008 | 17889455 |
| non-chemical method of dna recovery and characterization of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis using is 900 pcr. | in the present study, two methods of dna isolation-routine, traditional and standard dna isolation protocol for mycobacteria (method 1) and a new non-chemicals and non-enzymes (physical) method (method 2) of dna recovery have been compared and evaluated in is900 pcr for the specific detection of pathogen. using the new method 2, dna has been recovered from few (1 - 3 colonies), extremely minute and stunted colonies. dna, thus, isolated from these colonies (colonies pcr) and cultured for the firs ... | 2007 | 17907748 |
| presence and characterization of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from clinical and suspected cases of crohn's disease and in the healthy human population in india. | to investigate and characterize mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in patients with crohn's disease, attendants of animals with suspected infection, and healthy humans, using multiple diagnostic tests. | 2008 | 17913536 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in cases of irritable bowel syndrome and comparison with crohn's disease and johne's disease: common neural and immune pathogenicities. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis causes johne's disease, a systemic infection and chronic inflammation of the intestine that affects many species, including primates. infection is widespread in livestock, and human populations are exposed. johne's disease is associated with immune dysregulation, with involvement of the enteric nervous system overlapping with features of irritable bowel syndrome in humans. the present study was designed to look for an association between mycobacterium ... | 2007 | 17913930 |
| bovine monocyte tlr2 receptors differentially regulate the intracellular fate of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and mycobacterium avium subsp. avium. | pathogenic mycobacterial organisms have the capacity to inhibit macrophage activation and phagosome maturation. although the mechanism is complex, several studies have incriminated signaling through tlr2 receptors with subsequent activation of the mapk pathway p38 (mapkp38) and overproduction of il-10 in the survival of pathogenic mycobacterial organisms. in the present study, we compared the response of bovine monocytes with infection by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), th ... | 2008 | 17913973 |
| the etiology of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | the etiology of crohn's disease (cd) has drawn heated controversy in the literature. compelling evidence in the literature has accumulated lately that could incriminate the mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), the well-known agent of john's disease in cattle. the evidence is isolation of the organism or its dna and rna, detection of the anti-map antibodies in crohn's patients, increasing incidents of cd in areas close to the cattle pastures, and the possibility of treating the ... | 2007 | 17914503 |
| microbial mannan inhibits bacterial killing by macrophages: a possible pathogenic mechanism for crohn's disease. | crohn's disease (cd) is mimicked by inherited phagocyte disorders and is associated with circulating antibodies against yeast mannan (anti-saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody; asca). we speculated that mannans might impair phagocyte function. | 2007 | 17919633 |
| prevalence of serum antibodies to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cattle in galicia (northwest spain). | prior to establishing a control and prevention program for johne's disease in cattle in galicia (northwest spain), a survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of the disease. for this survey, 61,069 animals of at least 1-year of age from 2735 randomly selected herds were bled and samples analyzed with a commercial elisa. the estimated true individual-level prevalences--assuming the manufacturer's reported test sensitivity of 48.5% and specificity of 98.9%--were 3.02% in dairy cattle, 1.03% ... | 2007 | 17928078 |
| in utero infection of cattle with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a critical review and meta-analysis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb) causes johne's disease in ruminants. disease control programmes aim to break the faecal-oral cow-calf transmission cycle through hygienic calf rearing and removal of affected cows from the herd, but these programmes do not take account of the potential for congenital infection. the aims of this study were to critically review research on in utero infection, determine the prevalence of fetal infection in cattle through meta-analysis and estimate ... | 2009 | 17928247 |
| the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis map3464 gene encodes an oxidoreductase involved in invasion of bovine epithelial cells through the activation of host cell cdc42. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of cattle takes place through the intestinal mucosa. to identify m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genes associated with the invasion of bovine epithelial cells in vitro, we screened a library of transposon mutants. several mutants of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis were identified which invaded madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) epithelial cells less efficiently than wild-type (wt) m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the deltaox mutant had the t ... | 2008 | 17938223 |
| interference of paratuberculosis with the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a goat flock with a natural mixed infection. | detection of infected animals is a key step in eradication programs of tuberculosis. paratuberculosis infection has been demonstrated to compromise the specificity of the diagnostic tests. however, its effect on their sensitivity has not been clarified. in the present study, skin tests and the interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) assay were evaluated in a goat flock (n=177) with a mixed tuberculosis-paratuberculosis infection in order to assess the possible effect of paratuberculosis on their sensitivit ... | 2008 | 17954015 |
| influence of type of culture medium on characterization of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtypes. | we evaluated the effects of culture and/or enrichment methods on the selection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtypes. m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from bovine fecal samples processed using a centrifugation protocol were investigated in both liquid (mgit paratb tubes) and solid (herrold's egg yolk medium) culture media. for this evaluation, m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtyping was based on the sequence variation in two of the most discriminatory short sequence ... | 2008 | 17959762 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infects and multiplies in enteric glial cells. | to establish the role of enteric glial cells during infection with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in crohn's disease. | 2007 | 17963299 |
| the australian antibiotic trial in crohn's disease: alternative conclusions from the same study. | 2007 | 17983824 | |
| flawed australian cd study does not end map controversy. | 2007 | 17983825 | |
| australian crohn's antibiotic study opens new horizons. | 2007 | 17983826 | |
| importance of the australian crohn's disease antibiotic study. | 2007 | 17983827 | |
| experimental infection of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis or johne's disease, a chronic enteric disease of domestic ruminants as well as some nondomestic ruminants. paratuberculosis is characterized by a protracted subclinical phase followed by clinical signs such as diarrhea, weight loss, and hypoproteinemia. fecal shedding of map is characteristic of both the subclinical and clinical phases, and it is important in disease transmission. lesions of paratubercul ... | 2007 | 17984254 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in bison (bison bison) from northern canada. | nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using the mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map)-specific region, locus 251, was used as a screening tool for the detection of map dna in fecal samples from northern canadian bison herds. further characterization of positive samples (26/835) was performed because map dna was found without signs of disease. strain typing, using pcr-restriction endonucleas assay (rea), was limited to two samples but revealed that the samples corresponded to a c ... | 2007 | 17984279 |
| an inter-laboratory ring trial for the detection and isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from raw milk artificially contaminated with naturally infected faeces. | there is a need for standardised, robust, reproducible molecular and culture methods to achieve clarification of the inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the causative microbial agent of johne's disease, in (faecally) contaminated milk and other food products such as meat. this study assessed the performance of a commercially available map dna extraction kit for milk adiapure and accompanying pcr detection kit adiavet alongside 'in-house' molecular and culture metho ... | 2008 | 17993386 |
| brain heart infusion broth may not be a required component for the decontamination process for the isolation of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from fecal samples using esp broth cultures. | based on the authors' laboratory experience indicating that increased bacterial contamination in mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) cultures may be because of the addition of brain heart infusion broth (bhi) during the decontamination process, this study was designed to examine whether bhi is a required component for the isolation of map from esp(r) broth cultures. twenty-six national veterinary services laboratory (nvsl) proficiency test samples supplied for the year 2005 were used ... | 2007 | 17998562 |
| simulation modeling to evaluate the persistence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) on commercial dairy farms in the united states. | we developed a series of deterministic mathematical models of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) transmission on commercial us dairies. our models build upon and modify models and assumptions in previous work to better reflect the pathobiology of the disease. parameter values were obtained from literature for animal turnover in us dairy herds and rates of transition between disease states. the models developed were used to test three hypotheses. (1) infectious transmission followi ... | 2008 | 18022716 |
| role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in the differential response of bovine monocytes to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and mycobacterium avium subsp. avium. | we compared the kinetics of activation and antimicrobial activities of mapk-p38 and mapk-erk in bovine monocytes infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and mycobacterium avium subsp. avium (maa). monocytes were incubated with map or maa organisms with or without a specific inhibitor of the mapk-p38 pathway (sb203580), and mapk phosphorylation and antimicrobial functions of monocytes were evaluated. at early time points mapk-p38 phosphorylation was greater in map-infected ... | 2007 | 18035573 |
| profiling bovine antibody responses to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection by using protein arrays. | with the genome sequence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis determined, technologies are now being developed for construction of protein arrays to detect the presence of antibodies against m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in host serum. the power of this approach is that it enables a direct comparison of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteins to each other in relation to their immunostimulatory capabilities. in this study, 93 recombinant proteins, produced in escherichia coli, wer ... | 2008 | 18039835 |