Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| benefits of recombinant dna technology for the study of mycobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 3058391 | |
| implications of prior bcg vaccination programmes in the community on the protective efficacy of new antileprosy vaccines. | 1988 | 3058589 | |
| a 28-kda protein from mycobacterium leprae is a target of the human antibody response in lepromatous leprosy. | the gene for a 28-kda mycobacterium leprae protein ag, a major target of antibodies from patients with lepromatous leprosy, was cloned from a lambda-gt11-m. leprae dna expression library and sequenced. antibodies to this protein were detected in the serum of the majority of 15 individual lepromatous patients that were tested. the predicted amino acid sequence of the 28-kda protein suggests that it is localized to the bacterial plasma membrane or cell wall. | 1988 | 3058804 |
| presence of mycobactin-like substance in mycobacterium leprae. | chloroform extracts of m. leprae suspensions--crude, partially purified and purified--were prepared by standard methods. similar extracts were also prepared from the livers of normal armadillos using the same methods that were used to prepare crude and partially purified m. leprae suspensions. the only chloroform extract that supported the growth of m. paratuberculosis was the one prepared from percoll gradient-purified m. leprae. other four extracts not only did not support the growth of mycoba ... | 1988 | 3058826 |
| a bacteriological assessment of multibacillary cases in leprosy colonies after 4 1/2 years of multidrug therapy. | in this presentation we have devised a novel way of calculating the total bacterial quantum in 100 (78 ll and 22 bl) multibacillary leprosy patients living in leprosy colonies. the calculation is based on ridley's logarithmic scale. we have also attempted to assess the reduction in the bacterial quantum as a result of intervention through multidrug therapy (mdt). 53% of the patients rendered bacteriologically negative within two years of treatment of mdt and 94% at 54th pulse dose i.e. at 54th m ... | 1988 | 3058827 |
| influence of acetylator phenotype of the leprosy patient on the emergence of dapsone resistant leprosy. | the half time of disappearance of dapsone and monoacetyl dapsone and the acetylator phenotype of the leprosy patients who harboured dapsone sensitive and dapsone resistant m. leprae was assessed in 27 subjects. sixteen patients were rapid acetylators, five were slow and six were intermediate acetylators. the mean t 1 1/2 lives of dapsone (30.26 +/- 11.0) and monoacetyl dapsone (31.11 +/- 12.0) were also studied in the above patients. the percentage of different acetylators in both resistant and ... | 1988 | 3058828 |
| filamentous phase in life cycle of m. leprae(?): a preliminary communication. | certain structures which indicate probable involvement of a filamentous phase in life cycle of m. leprae have been noted in preserved skin biopsy suspensions from lepromatous leprosy cases. these include (i) filaments with empty or pink round spaces within them (ii) conidia-like structures and (iii) membranes with acid fast bacilli. these structures were rare in the fresh material. | 1988 | 3058829 |
| paucibacillary primary dapsone resistance--a case report. | a case of primary paucibacillary dapsone resistance was presented. its clinical suspicion and diagnosis are stressed. emergence of dapsone resistance and its implications are shortly reviewed. a short note on its prevention is discussed. literature is briefly reviewed. | 1988 | 3060544 |
| secondary and primary dapsone resistant leprosy: an analysis of 199 patients from st. thomas hospital and leprosy project, chettupattu, south india. | the occurrence of secondary and primary dapsone resistance in 199 patients in our control area and the influence of certain variables such as age, initial bacteriological and morphological indices, duration of regular dapsone monotherapy, on the emergence of dapsone resistance was investigated. ninety one of 122 patients and 29 out of 77 showed secondary (sdr) and primary (pdr) resistance to dapsone respectively. very low bi (bi:2.5) group also showed both sdr (60%) and pdr (40%). low or high mi ... | 1988 | 3060545 |
| armadillos in an indian leprosy research centre. | 1988 | 3060547 | |
| primary drug resistance to both rifampicin and dapsone in a paucibacillary leprosy patient. | a thirty-one year old male patient was diagnosed and treated for a pure or better primary neuritic case of leprosy with dapsone (100 mg daily for 2 years) and rifampicin (600 mg daily for 6 months). from the very outset, the patient did not show any improvement; on the top of it, he subsequently, developed a cutaneous patch, which on histopathological examination, revealed classical features of bt leprosy. acid-fast bacilli were absent both in skin slit smear and histologic section. a primary re ... | 1988 | 3060548 |
| [a summary of leprology]. | 1988 | 3061274 | |
| chemical synthesis of an artificial antigen containing the trisaccharide hapten of mycobacterium leprae. | the trisaccharide allyl o-(3,4-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-o-(2,3-di-o-methyl-al pha-l- rhamnopyranosyl)-(1----2)-3-o-methyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside was synthesized from partially methylated monosaccharide derivatives. condensation of 1,4-di-o-acetyl-2,3-di-o-methyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranose promoted by boron trifluoride etherate with the appropriate alcohol proceeded stereoselectively and with very high yields. selective deacetylation and glycosylation with 2,4-di-o-acetyl-3,6-di- ... | 1988 | 3063382 |
| synthesis and immunoreactivity of neoglycoproteins containing the trisaccharide unit of phenolic glycolipid i of mycobacterium leprae. | the trisaccharide segment, o-(3,6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-o-(2,3-di-o-methyl- alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1----2)-3-o-methyl-l-rhamnopyranose, of the mycobacterium leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid i has been synthesized as its 8-(methoxycarbonyl)octyl glycoside and coupled to a carrier protein, to produce a leprosy-specific neoglycoprotein, the so-called natural trisaccharide-octyl-bovine serum albumin (nt-o-bsa). special features of the synthetic strategy were the use of si ... | 1988 | 3063383 |
| the status of leprosy control in malaysia. | 1988 | 3064325 | |
| the present status of leprosy vaccine development. | 1988 | 3064326 | |
| use of anti-m. leprae phenolic glycolipid-i antibody detection for early diagnosis and prognosis of leprosy. | untreated patients suffering from tuberculoid, lepromatous and indeterminate leprosy, their domiciliary contacts, and healthy controls, all living in guadeloupe, west indies, were tested by an elisa for detecting igm antibodies to the terminal disaccharide of the phenolic glycolipid-i antigen of mycobacterium leprae. on most subjects, a mitsuda test was also performed. a large majority of the tuberculoid patients and healthy subjects were mitsuda positive. the seropositivity rate reached 44% amo ... | 1988 | 3065419 |
| in vitro synthesis of antimycobacterial antibodies with different specificities in various tissues of leprosy patients. | for the detection of the synthesis in vitro of anti-mycobacterium leprae antibodies in various tissues of leprosy patients, biopsy specimens of skin lesions, nasal mucosa, larynx, lymph nodes, and bone marrow were cultured in a medium containing 14c-labeled lysine and isoleucine. the culture fluids were analyzed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel and autoradiography. the results show that synthesis of anti-m. leprae antibodies occurs at the investigated sites of leprosy patie ... | 1988 | 3065420 |
| effects of freezing and thawing on the viability and the ultrastructure of in vivo grown mycobacteria. | the influence of different frequencies of freezing-thawing cycles on the viability of in vivo grown mycobacteria was investigated. pieces of armadillo tissues naturally or experimentally infected with mycobacterium leprae were analyzed. the viability of m. leprae was determined by mouse foot pad titration. the viability of cultivable mycobacteria, sometimes present in armadillo tissues, was determined by culture. electron-microscopic studies were performed on fresh or frozen-thawed armadillo tis ... | 1988 | 3065421 |
| inhibition of phenolic glycolipid-i synthesis in extracellular mycobacterium leprae as an indicator of antimicrobial activity. | the effects of 22 antimicrobial agents on the incorporation of [u14c] palmitic acid ([u14c] pa) into the unique phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) antigen of mycobacterium leprae were studied. nude-mouse-propagated m. leprae were incubated in a modified dubos medium in the presence of antimicrobial agents for 4 days. [u14c] pa was then added and incubation was continued for 8 days. the antileprosy agents dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine (2 micrograms/ml each) caused a significant reduction in [u14c ... | 1988 | 3065422 |
| search for leprous infection in some small wild animals of louisiana. | 1988 | 3065423 | |
| psychrophilic mycobacteria in m. leprae-infected tissues. | 1988 | 3065424 | |
| multiplication of armadillo-derived m. leprae in murine dissociated schwann cell cultures. | 1988 | 3065425 | |
| purification and characterization of a 36 kda antigen of mycobacterium leprae. | a 36 kda antigen of mycobacterium leprae was purified by phenol biphasic partition followed by preparative sds-page. the purified antigen appeared as a single band in sds-page and eluted as a single peak in ion-exchange chromatography. the antigen comprised epitopes which were cross-reactive with m. tuberculosis, as well as a species-specific epitope (recognized by mab f47-9). different treatments of the 36 kda antigen suggested it to be largely protein in nature; the amino acid composition of 8 ... | 1988 | 3065448 |
| [viruses in multiple sclerosis]. | 1988 | 3066017 | |
| accessory cell function of dendritic cells from lymph nodes containing mycobacterium leprae induced granulomas. | dendritic cells were enriched from guinea pig auricular lymph nodes containing mycobacterium leprae induced granulomas by immunomagnetic depletion of other cells. these cells were strongly positive for major histocompatibility complex class ii antigens and labelled with an antidendritic cell monoclonal antibody, but not with an antimacrophage antibody. interdigitating dendritic cells were identified in the granulomatous lymph node by staining with the antidendritic cell antibody and by transmiss ... | 1988 | 3068154 |
| recognition of mycobacterial antigens by sera from patients with leprosy. | mycobacterium leprae sonic extracts prepared from armadillo-derived bacteria were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting (immunoblotting) procedures and probed with serum or plasma samples from 20 patients with lepromatous leprosy and 14 healthy endemic controls. five proteins of 33, 25, 18, 15, and 12 kilodaltons (kda) were frequently recognized; the 33- and 15-kda proteins were, respectively, recognized with high intensity by 16 and 13 of th ... | 1988 | 3068245 |
| demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in skin biopsies from indeterminate leprosy cases. | because the correct diagnosis of indeterminate leprosy (il) requires the finding of acid-fast bacilli in skin lesions from clinically and histopathologically suggestive cases, it is necessary to develop a reliable method for this purpose. this paper presents a simple procedure, available to every general laboratory, which consists in obtaining 2 suspensions: si, by mincing and grinding the tissue in phosphate-buffered saline; and sii, after treating si with naoh solution and digesting with tryps ... | 1988 | 3068861 |
| the efficacy of a cell-mediated reaction in the disposal of m. leprae in human skin. | the inability of lepromatous leprosy patients to mount a cellular immune response against mycobacterium leprae antigens is not understood. the extensive intracellular replication of bacilli in the phagocytes and the relative paucity of t lymphocytes in the lesions suggest that these patients might be incapable of generating normal delayed type hypersensitivity responses in their skin. in order to elucidate this problem we evaluated the patient's response to local antigen administration. our obse ... | 1988 | 3069709 |
| lepromin conversion induced by a 'sub-unit' vaccine from icrc bacilli. | 1988 | 3071521 | |
| particular matrix for fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric analysis of phenolic glycolipid antigens isolated from pathogen mycobacteria. | phenolic glycolipids play a key role as an antigenic probe for serodiagnosis of some human pathogen mycobacterial infections. the lipidic part which corresponds to a phenolphthiocerol dimycocerosate molecule, and the presence of partial o-methylated sugars, confer a high hydrophobicity to this kind of molecule. fast atom bombardment (fab) mass spectrometric analysis with standard matrices such as glycerol or thioglycerol was unsuccessful. using a new matrix--monobutyltriethylene glycol--fab anal ... | 1988 | 3072032 |
| monitoring of bacterial drug response by mass spectrometry of single cells. | the application of the laser microprobe mass analyser lamma 500 to the solution of problems in the field of microbiology is reported. the special features of this instrument allow the analysis of single bacterial cells, and questions can be answered which are not accessible to the normally applied integral methods. thus it is possible to establish distributions of, for instance, elemental concentrations within a bacterial population and of correlations between measured characteristics of a bacte ... | 1988 | 3072034 |
| dermal characteristics of the hereditary hairless-athymic mouse and the multiplication at early stage of mycobacterium leprae inoculated into the right hind foot. | 1988 | 3072329 | |
| [epidemiological immunological studies on leprosy in okinawa. iii. reactivity to the standard and diluted lepromins of leprosy patients in the mainland and okinawa]. | 1988 | 3072330 | |
| mucosal immunity to mycobacteria in leprosy patients and their contacts. | 1988 | 3072455 | |
| use of soluble antigens in leprosy epidemiology. | 1988 | 3072456 | |
| a concentration method for detection and quantitation of bacillaemia in leprosy and its comparison with other techniques. | 1988 | 3072457 | |
| slit-skin smears from the fingers in leprosy. | 1988 | 3072458 | |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of macrolides against mycobacterium leprae. | we previously demonstrated the potent in vitro activity of erythromycin against mycobacterium leprae as determined by its effect on atp pools and rates of palmitate oxidation and phenolic glycolipid i synthesis. in the present study, the relative in vitro activities of a number of new macrolides with superior pharmacokinetic properties were assessed. in addition, for the most active compounds, concentrations in serum were determined by bioassay during continuous administration in the feed of mic ... | 1988 | 3072920 |
| the effects of chemotherapy on antibody levels in lepromatous patients. | 1988 | 3073284 | |
| the influence of antimycobacterial chemotherapy on delayed hypersensitivity skin-test reactions in leprosy patients. | 1988 | 3073285 | |
| rifampicin monotherapy in paucibacillary leprosy. | 1988 | 3073286 | |
| inefficacy of thalidomide on rat adjuvant-induced arthritis and lack of arthrogenicity of hansen bacilli. | 1988 | 3074967 | |
| demonstration of acid fast bacilli in the circulating immune complex of leprosy cases and contacts. | 1988 | 3075597 | |
| correlation of in vitro fc receptor assay with in vivo mouse foot pad method. | resistant strains of m. leprae have been reported to the various antileprosy drugs. there is currently no accepted test to identify the susceptibility pattern of m. leprae to the drugs in a short period. the only accepted test is the mouse foot method which takes a long period to yield results. the fc receptor assay using the ability of viable m. leprae to alter the membrane of the macrophage is well established. it takes only ten days and is inexpensive. in 6 cases of leprosy patients the susce ... | 1988 | 3075631 |
| detection of leprosy antigenuria through dot-elisa. | fifty-five samples of urine from different grades of leprosy patients and normal persons were processed for detection of pgl-1 antigen through dot-elisa on nitrocellulose paper strips using anti-human igg horse raddish peroxidaseconjugate. about 66.6% of the paucibacillary and 100% of the multibacillary leprosy cases were detectable through this technique on the basis of differential colour development on the strips. possibility of its use in the field conditions has been discussed. | 1988 | 3075632 |
| bacillaemia in leprosy: correlation with slit-skin and nasal smears. | twenty five multibacillary patients (bl/ll) were studied for bacillaemia. majority (76%) showed acid fast bacilli in peripheral blood. there was good correlation between bacillary load in peripheral blood and bacteriological index (bi) but poor correlation with morphological index (mi) of skin slit smear and bi/mi of nasal smear. | 1988 | 3075633 |
| detection of lepromatous leprosy patients shedding m. leprae in nasal droppings by enzyme immunoassay. | enzyme immunoassays (eias) for detection of lepromatous leprosy (ll) patients harbouring m. leprae in nasal mucosa are described. one eia measures igm antibodies against the synthetic disaccharide (nd-bsa) residue of phenolic glycolipid i of m. leprae, whereas the other titrates primarily igg antibodies against sonicate supernatant antigens of mycobacterium w. (m.w.). fifty coded leprosy sera were analysed by eias under a double blind code. amongst the 20 ll patients with positive nasal smear, 1 ... | 1988 | 3075634 |
| reliability of direct skin smear microscopy in leprosy. | skin smear direct microscopy is an important tool for diagnosis of leprosy. the study was planned to understand the reproducibility of skin smear reading by a trained technician. skin smears were collected from known patients of leprosy from the field area. they were stained for acid fast bacilli following the standard cold staining procedure and were read following the ridley scale. a sample of smears was re-examined on two occasions by the same technician, following blind procedure. there was ... | 1988 | 3075636 |
| use of non-conventional antigen: m. habana in detecting m. leprae antibodies from leprosy patients and contacts in fla-abs test. | an indirect immunofluorescent (fla-abs) test has been developed to detect m. leprae specific antibodies in the active and subclinical cases of leprosy. an antigenically related mycobacterium, m. habana, was used as an antigen to detect m. leprae specific antibodies in the sera samples of leprosy patients. a comparison was made with m. leprae antigen using same set of sera samples. m. habana is capable of detecting anti-m. leprae antibodies in the serum samples of leprosy patients, previously abs ... | 1988 | 3075637 |
| use of carbon sources for lipid biosynthesis in mycobacterium leprae: a comparison with other pathogenic mycobacteria. | carbon from glycerol and palmitate, but not significantly from five other carbon sources tested, was incorporated into lipids by suspensions of non-growing mycobacterium leprae organisms. however, of the five other substrates three-citrate, glucose and pyruvate-were taken up. nongrowing mycobacterium microti and mycobacterium avium incorporated carbon into lipids from most simple carbon sources tested unless they were obtained from growth media including palmitate or from experimentally infected ... | 1988 | 3075652 |
| a component of mycobacterium leprae as a serodiagnostic tool for leprosy. | 1988 | 3076580 | |
| leprosy in malawi. 2. background, design and prospects of the karonga prevention trial, a leprosy vaccine trial in northern malawi. | the karonga prevention trial is the largest vaccine trial ever mounted in africa. it is designed to test two hypotheses: (i) whether the addition of killed mycobacterium leprae can increase the protection against leprosy (and tuberculosis) imparted by bcg alone; and (ii) whether repeating a bcg vaccination can increase upon the protection provided by an initial dose. the rationale and design of the trial are discussed in relation to the history of vaccination against leprosy and to several conte ... | 1988 | 3076995 |
| the experimental inoculation with leprosy bacillus in various hybrid nude mice (continued): the results of cd-1(icr) hybrid nude mice. | 1988 | 3077621 | |
| [cultivation trial of mycobacterium leprae by transformation with deoxyribonucleic acid from cultivable acid-fast bacilli]. | 1988 | 3077623 | |
| successful preparations and characterizations of monoclonal antibodies to a 65,000 dalton protein of mucobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 3077624 | |
| [the malta project (a program for the eradication of leprosy)]. | 1988 | 3078224 | |
| stress-induced proteins and the immune response to leprosy. | mycobacterial antigens which play a major role in humoral and cell-mediated immune recognition are related to proteins which are induced in response to stress stimuli. the potential involvement of stress-induced proteins in infectious disease and in autoimmune responses is discussed. | 1988 | 3079230 |
| pathogenesis of a third world disease: lessons from leprosy. | 1988 | 3079280 | |
| [mycobacteria isolated from armadillos dasypus novemcinctus inoculated with mycobacterium leprae]. | the authors report the isolation of two mycobacteria from armadillos livers and spleens, inoculated with mycobacterium leprae in the kato medium. they discuss this results. | 1988 | 3079304 |
| a simplified serological test for leprosy based on a 3,6-di-o-methylglucose-containing synthetic antigen. | the recent advent of synthetic antigens containing the mycobacterium leprae-specific epitope, 3,6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, has allowed the development of simple specific serological tests for leprosy. the incorporation of one such product, 8-carbonyloctyl o-[4-o-(3,6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-alpha-l- rhamnopyranoside]-bsa, into a simple "spot" test, diffusion-in-gel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), allowed an over 90% detection rate of untreated lepromatous leprosy ... | 1986 | 3080916 |
| human t-cell clones with reactivity to mycobacterium leprae as tools for the characterization of potential vaccines against leprosy. | t-cell clones with the t4 phenotype were established from patients with tuberculoid leprosy. the antigen reactivity of these clones ranged from stringent specificity for mycobacterium leprae to broad cross-reactivity with other mycobacteria. killed m. leprae had a weak stimulatory capacity which could be enhanced by ultrasonication. among the three candidate antileprosy vaccines, m. leprae, m. bovis bcg, and the icrc (indian cancer research center) strain, the last was superior in stimulating cr ... | 1986 | 3081446 |
| immunity to leprosy. iii. the in vitro induction of b lymphocyte proliferation by mycobacteria. | the development of murine proliferative response assays has been initiated to begin to evaluate t-lymphocyte responses to the antigens of mycobacterium leprae. in this study, m. leprae and 13 related strains of mycobacteria have been tested for stimulatory effects in proliferation assays using murine spleen, thymus or lymph node cultures. a number of mycobacteria were found to directly stimulate the proliferation of spleen and lymph node cells of all mouse strains tested including c3h/hej mice. ... | 1986 | 3086467 |
| lack of mycobacterium leprae-specific uptake in schwann cells. | among mycobacteria, mycobacterium leprae have a unique property to infect peripheral nerves, which is the cause of a variety of debilities seen in leprosy. the possibility of selective uptake of m. leprae by schwann cells was studied using a rat schwannoma cell line 33b and rat sciatic nerve-derived schwann cells. m. leprae were phagocytosed by 33b cells but so also were seven other mycobacteria ("mycobacterium w," bcg, m. tuberculosis h37rv, m. nonchromogenicum, m. vaccae, icrc bacillus, and m. ... | 1986 | 3086468 |
| local and systemic effects of intradermal recombinant interferon-gamma in patients with lepromatous leprosy. | evidence that interferon-gamma may be a physiologic macrophage-activating factor, and that macrophage activation may be defective in lepromatous leprosy, led us to test the effects of intradermal injection of low doses of recombinant interferon-gamma in six patients with this disease. interferon-gamma, 1 or 10 micrograms, was administered daily by jet gun for three days into a single cutaneous lesion. a biopsy specimen was taken from the injection site on the sixth study day and compared with sp ... | 1986 | 3086725 |
| detection of mycobacterial antigens in leprosy serum immune complex. | the antigens from immune complexes of sera from patients with mycobacterial diseases were released by sodium dodecyl sulfate. the antigenic activity of the released proteins was tested by agar gel diffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. this simple method provided direct evidence for the presence of mycobacterial antigens in the immune complexes of sera from patients with leprosy and tuberculosis. | 1986 | 3088033 |
| effect of recombinant interferon-gamma on hydrogen peroxide-releasing capacity of monocyte-derived macrophages from patients with lepromatous leprosy. | monocyte-derived macrophages from 14 patients with lepromatous leprosy respond to rifn-gamma with an enhanced secretion of h2o2 in a fashion similar to that of cells obtained from normal donors. the activation is not dependent on the cutaneous bacterial index, the length of treatment, or the stage and activity of the disease. h2o2 release can be triggered in these cells both by phorbol myristate acetate and by intact irradiated mycobacterium leprae. uptake of m. leprae by both normal donors' and ... | 1986 | 3088117 |
| structure and antigenicity of the phosphorylated lipopolysaccharide antigens from the leprosy and tubercle bacilli. | a family of major arabinose- and mannose-containing phosphorylated lipopolysaccharides was isolated from mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium tuberculosis. the only antigenic member of the family, lipoarabinomannan (lam)-b, was purified by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography in detergent and recovered in large quantities (15 mg/g of bacteria). it yielded a broad diffuse band on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis but appeared homogeneous by this criterion and gel filtration. beside ... | 1986 | 3091602 |
| mycobacterium leprae-specific lyt-2+ t lymphocytes with cytolytic activity. | mice were immunized intradermally with 10(7) irradiated mycobacterium leprae organisms, and draining lymph nodes were collected after 4 weeks. lymph node cells were restimulated in vitro with soluble m. leprae antigen and accessory cells. the resulting t-cell line was propagated in vitro in the presence of m. leprae antigen, accessory cells, and interleukin-2-containing supernatants from concanavalin a-stimulated rat spleen cells. long-term cultured t cells were thy-1+ l3t4- lyt-2+ as revealed b ... | 1986 | 3096892 |
| biochemical studies on mycobacterium leprae. | very little information is available on the basic biology of mycobacterium leprae. it is not known why the organism fails to grow in bacteriological media or in cell cultures and why it has an unusual predilection for certain tissues in the human host where cells derived from the neural crest occur (e.g. skin, peripheral nerves adrenal medulla). biochemical studies have revealed that m. leprae contains an unusual form of the enzyme diphenoloxidase which has not been detected in other mycobacteri ... | 1986 | 3098865 |
| mycobacterium leprae-burdened macrophages are refractory to activation by gamma interferon. | mycobacterium leprae grows to enormous numbers in the nu/nu mouse footpad, producing granulomas resembling those of lepromatous leprosy in humans. footpad granuloma cells gorged with m. leprae were established in primary cell culture to examine their functional capabilities. these cells were classified as macrophages by the following criteria: positive staining for nonspecific esterase, reduction of nitro blue tetrazolium during phagocytosis of candida albicans, possession of fc receptors, and p ... | 1987 | 3100449 |
| a simple new method for using antigens separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to stimulate lymphocytes in vitro after converting bands cut from western blots into antigen-bearing particles. | the individual antigenic components present in microgram quantities of complex mixtures can be separated reproducibly by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred onto nitrocellulose blots. we report that the ng quantities of antigen present in single lines cut from such western blots can be used to induce maximal lymphoproliferative responses in 30-60 microtitre wells. in order to achieve this the excised lines of antigen-bearing nitrocellulose sheet must be converted into antigen-bear ... | 1987 | 3104476 |
| the relation between allergy and immunity in leprosy. | 1987 | 3104515 | |
| genes for the major protein antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis: the etiologic agents of tuberculosis and leprosy share an immunodominant antigen. | mycobacterium tuberculosis genes encoding immunologically relevant proteins were isolated by systematically screening a lambda gt11 recombinant dna expression library with a collection of murine monoclonal antibodies directed against protein antigens of this pathogen. these antibodies, previously characterized by a world health organization workshop on monoclonal antibodies against mycobacteria, were used to isolate dna sequences encoding five major protein antigens of this pathogen. to evaluate ... | 1987 | 3104901 |
| periodic acid in the staining of acid-fast bacilli in tissue section. | 1987 | 3105515 | |
| mycobacterium leprae antigen-induced suppression of t cell proliferation in vitro. | the extent to which m. leprae and its products induced suppression of t lymphocyte proliferation in vitro was evaluated. m. leprae antigens suppressed t cell proliferation in response to mitogens and antigens in both lepromatous and tuberculoid patients, as well as controls never exposed to m. leprae or m. leprae endemic areas. both soluble and particulate fractions of m. leprae were found to suppress proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. the extent of suppression was inversely related to th ... | 1987 | 3106496 |
| characteristics of human t-cell clones from bcg and killed m. leprae vaccinated subjects and tuberculosis patients. recognition of recombinant mycobacterial antigens. | 1986 | 3106732 | |
| peptides as potential immunodiagnostic reagents to detect mycobacterial infections. | 1986 | 3106733 | |
| analysis of a leprosy-specific antibody epitope. | 1986 | 3106734 | |
| lepromin stimulates interleukin-2 production and interleukin-2 receptor expression in situ in lepromatous leprosy patients. | 1986 | 3106736 | |
| epithelioid cell granuloma induction in the guinea pig by haptenated mycobacterium leprae. | fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-conjugated mycobacterium leprae (fitc-m. leprae) was injected intradermally into the ears of guinea pigs and granuloma formation in the draining postauricular lymph nodes was studied. at 2 weeks, there was an increase in weights and infiltration of the draining lymph nodes in half of the animals injected with fitc-m. leprae. at 5 weeks, there was a significant increase in the weights and infiltration of these draining lymph nodes in the guinea pigs injected with ... | 1987 | 3109743 |
| structure of the major triglycosyl phenol-phthiocerol of mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain canetti). | phenol-phthiocerol glycolipids have been found previously in mycobacterium leprae, m. kansasii, m. bovis and m. marinum, but not in m. tuberculosis. a search for glycolipids in this latter species showed that the canetti strains of m. tuberculosis synthesize a major triglycosyl phenol-phthiocerol, accompanied by minor amounts of other glycolipids with a similar aglycone moiety. the triglycoside moiety has the following structure: 2,3,4-tri-o-methyl l-fucopyranosyl(alpha 1----3)l-rhamnopyranosyl( ... | 1987 | 3113946 |
| gamma interferon, but not mycobacterium leprae, induces major histocompatibility class ii antigens on cultured rat schwann cells. | in order to investigate the possible role of schwann cells in immune reactions, and in particular their involvement in the response to infection with mycobacterium leprae, it was determined under what conditions schwann cells express major histocompatibility complex class ii (mhc class ii) antigens, since these molecules are thought to have a key role in antigen presentation during cellular immune responses. in situ and in vitro preparations from newborn and adult rat sciatic nerves were used as ... | 1987 | 3114433 |
| expression of major histocompatibility complex class i and class ii antigens in human schwann cell cultures and effects of infection with mycobacterium leprae. | recent experiments on rats have raised the possibility that schwann cells can present antigens to t lymphocytes. we have investigated whether this mechanism might be relevant in leprosy by determining under what conditions human schwann cells express class i and class ii antigens, and whether infection with mycobacterium leprae affects this expression. the distribution of these antigens was examined on human schwann cells in dissociated cell cultures derived from human fetal peripheral nerves. w ... | 1987 | 3115648 |
| mycobacterial carbohydrate antigens for serological testing of patients with leprosy. | to determine whether quantitation of antibodies to mycobacterial carbohydrate determinants would be valuable in serodiagnosis and monitoring of leprosy, we tested serum igm antibody to mycobacterium leprae phenolic glycolipid i and igm and igg antibodies to mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. leprae lipoarabinomannan (lam) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. seventy-one percent of patients with paucibacillary disease and 85.5% of patients with multibacillary disease were positive for at least on ... | 1987 | 3116103 |
| metabolic studies on mycobacteria. iv. assay of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase activity in m. leprae. | cell free extracts from m. tuberculosis h37 rv, m. smegmatis armadillo derived m. leprae and normal armadillo liver homogenates were assayed for the presence of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase activity. it was observed that significant amount of isocitrate lyase and malate synthase activity was present in m. tuberculosis h37 rv, m. smegmatis and armadillo derived m. leprae. no such activity was demonstrable in cell free extracts of normal armadillo liver. it is concluded that m. leprae like ... | 1987 | 3116105 |
| demonstration that the galactosyl and arabinosyl residues in the cell-wall arabinogalactan of mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium tuberculosis are furanoid. | by a complex process involving methylation, partial hydrolysis with acid, reduction with sodium borodeuteride, ethylation, further hydrolysis and reduction, and subsequent capillary gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of the derived alditol acetates, it was established that the arabinogalactans of mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium tuberculosis contain arabinofuranyosyl and galactofuranosyl residues exclusively. thus, the covalently bound, highly immunogenic arabinogalactan of mycoba ... | 1987 | 3119212 |
| immunological activity of a 14-kilodalton recombinant protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. | a 14-kilodalton peptide antigen from mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from an escherichia coli lambda gt 11 recombinant dna clone and was identified by western blotting (immunoblotting) with monoclonal antibody tb68. immunization of mice and guinea pigs with the recombinant peptide (rtb68) induced in vitro lymphoproliferative responses in draining lymph node lymphocyte cultures as well as in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. moreover, rtb68 was found both to induce and to cros ... | 1987 | 3119499 |
| etiological factors in delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in leprosy. | 1987 | 3123582 | |
| oxidation of palmitic acid by mycobacterium leprae in an axenic medium. | the ability of mycobacterium leprae to oxidize palmitic acid during incubation in an axenic medium was studied. by using a buddemeyer-type detection system, partially purified nude-mouse-derived m. leprae was found to produce 14co2 from 14c-labeled palmitic acid in a linear fashion for at least 1 week. procedures known to remove residual host tissue did not diminish the rate of 14co2 evolution, indicating that bacterial metabolism was being measured. palmitate oxidation was temperature sensitive ... | 1988 | 3125213 |
| the first joint thelep-sasakawa memorial health foundation workshop on experimental chemotherapy of leprosy. | 1987 | 3125288 | |
| mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan inhibits gamma interferon-mediated activation of macrophages. | the principal efferent role of the macrophage in acquired resistance to intracellular pathogens depends on activation by t-cell lymphokines, primarily gamma interferon (ifn-gamma). however, mouse macrophages that are heavily burdened with mycobacterium leprae are refractory to activation by ifn-gamma and are thus severely compromised in their capacity for both enhanced microbicidal and tumoricidal activities. we report here that lipoarabinomannan (lam), a highly immunogenic lipopolysaccharide th ... | 1988 | 3128482 |
| analysis of hla-dr glycoproteins by dna-mediated gene transfer. definition of dr2 beta gene products and antigen presentation to t cell clones from leprosy patients. | we have used dna-mediated gene transfer to express hla class ii molecules in mouse l cells for serological, biochemical, and functional analysis. cdna clones encoding the dr2 beta a and dr2 beta b products of the dr2dw2 haplotype were subcloned into a mouse moloney leukemia virus-based expression vector (pj4) and transfected separately into mouse l cells together with a hla-dr alpha/pj4 construct. these transfectants have allowed differential analysis of the two dr2 beta products in a manner nor ... | 1988 | 3128633 |
| serological studies of mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in north indian population. | 1987 | 3130373 | |
| immunogenic "subunit" of the icrc antileprosy vaccine. | the administration of a vaccine containing icrc bacilli, which is currently undergoing clinical trials in india, induces persistent lepromin conversion in lepromatous leprosy (ll) patients and lepromin-negative healthy subjects, with "upgrading" of tissue response in the former. a sonicate of icrc bacilli, when subjected to gel-filtration chromatography using high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc), yields a high molecular weight glycolipoprotein (pp-i) with an apparent molecular weight of 10 ... | 1988 | 3131465 |
| serological activity of natural disaccharide octyl bovine serum albumin (nd-o-bsa) in sera from patients with leprosy, tuberculosis, and normal controls. | we studied the natural disaccharide-octyl-bovine serum albumin (nd-o-bsa) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in sera from 151 leprosy patients, 20 tuberculosis patients, and 42 normal persons from a nonendemic area. the three elisas, whole mycobacterium leprae (wml), phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i), and nd-o-bsa, are all highly sensitive for detecting antibodies against m. leprae. the results indicate that the serological activity has highly significant, positive correlations among the thre ... | 1988 | 3131466 |
| cellular, humoral, and gamma interferon responses to mycobacterium leprae and bcg antigens in healthy individuals exposed to leprosy. | protective immunity against mycobacteria is dependent on antigen-specific t cells. the antibodies induced upon immunization with mycobacteria have no apparent role in host protection. serological techniques have detected some antigens that are also recognized by human t cells but may fail to recognize others. potentially, there may be differences in the epitopes seen by the t and b cell anti-mycobacterial antigen repertoires. we have screened the different components of sonicated bcg or mycobact ... | 1988 | 3131867 |
| stress proteins are immune targets in leprosy and tuberculosis. | to understand the immune response to infection by tuberculosis and leprosy bacilli and to develop improved vaccines, the nature of antigens that are involved in humoral and cell-mediated immunity was investigated. we have determined that five immunodominant protein antigens under study are homologues of stress proteins. this finding and observations with other pathogens suggest that infectious agents may respond to the host environment by producing stress proteins and that these proteins can be ... | 1988 | 3132709 |
| evidence of cell-mediated immune contrasuppression in lepromatous leprosy: modulation of a putative t contrasuppressor cell-subset. | some lepromatous leprosy (ll) patients are characterized by the presence of activated suppressor t cells that specifically inhibit the immune response to mycobacterium leprae antigens. immune contrasuppressor (cs) cell activity antagonize suppressor function. whereas the former function has been extensively studied in leprosy, the latter has not been explored. we studied the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmnc) of 20 patients with leprosy (10 lepromatous and 10 tuberculoid) and six healthy ... | 1988 | 3133142 |
| limited in vitro multiplication of mycobacterium leprae. | the inability to cultivate mycobacterium leprae in vitro has been a major bottleneck in leprosy research. there have been numerous reports on successful in vitro cultivation of this organism, but these reports could not be confirmed by others in the field. hence, in vitro multiplication of m. leprae was evaluated in various culture media. only 2 media supported limited multiplication of m. leprae. one medium was used previously by one of the authors (amd) for in vitro growth of m. lepraemurium a ... | 1988 | 3136783 |