Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| situation of classical swine fever and the epidemiologic and ecologic aspects affecting its distribution in the american continent. | classical swine fever (csf) is a viral transboundary animal disease that is highly contagious among domestic and wild pigs, such as boars and peccaries. today, far from being what was classically described historically, the disease is characterized as having a varied clinical picture, and its diagnosis depends on resorting to proper sample collection and prompt dispatch to a laboratory that can employ several techniques to obtain a definitive diagnosis. laboratory findings should be complemented ... | 2004 | 15604470 |
| an experimental infection (ii) to investigate the importance of indirect classical swine fever virus transmission by excretions and secretions of infected weaner pigs. | an experiment was set up to investigate the role of excretions and secretions in the indirect transmission of classical swine fever virus (csfv). in five small pens, 10 weaner pigs (two pigs per pen) were housed and inoculated with csfv. experimental infection was successful in all pigs. the infected pigs were kept in the pens for a period of 15 days after which the pens were depopulated and pigs were killed. at the moment of depopulation, all inoculated pigs were visibly clinically diseased and ... | 2004 | 15606867 |
| long-term monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (sus scrofa sp.) using serological data. | in the european community, epizootics of classical swine fever (csf) in the wild boar (sus scrofa) are compulsorily monitored because transmission may occur between wild boars and domestic pigs, causing heavy economic losses to the pork industry. the estimation of incidence in populations of wild boars is generally based on viroprevalence. however, viral isolation becomes rare when the incidence is low because the virus cannot be detected for more than a few weeks following infection. on the con ... | 2005 | 15610721 |
| enzyme linked immunoassay and fluorescent antibody techniques in the diagnosis of viral diseases using staphylococcal protein-a instead of anti-gamma-globulins. | staphylococcal protein-a (spa) is known to interact with the crystallizable fragment (fc) of igg molecules from several species. in the present study, spa coupled to either fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) or peroxidase was used in place of antisera to igg for the fluorescent antibody (fa) techniques and the enzyme linked immunoassay (elisa). the spa conjugates produced low background staining when applied in these techniques, and provide a rapid, highly specific and sensitive means for the ide ... | 1980 | 15612263 |
| viruses in boar semen: detection and clinical as well as epidemiological consequences regarding disease transmission by artificial insemination. | many viruses have been reported to be present in boar semen, particularly during the viremic phase of the diseases. some of them, such foot-and-mouth disease virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, swine vesicular disease virus, porcine parvovirus, picornaviruses, adenoviruses, enteroviruses, japanese encephalitis virus, pseudorabies virus, african swine fever virus and reoviruses are of particular importance and accurate monitoring prior to and during the presence of boars i ... | 2005 | 15626416 |
| preclinical diagnosis of african swine fever in contact-exposed swine by a real-time pcr assay. | a fluorogenic probe hydrolysis (taqman) pcr assay for african swine fever virus (asfv) was developed and evaluated in experimentally infected swine. this sensitive and specific one-step single-tube assay, which can be performed in 2 h or less, detected viral dna in tonsil scraping samples 2 to 4 days prior to onset of clinical disease. thus, the assay would have application for preclinical diagnosis of african swine fever and surveillance and/or emergency management of a disease outbreak. | 2005 | 15634958 |
| diagnostic evaluation of a real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay for detection of classical swine fever virus. | a fluorogenic-probe hydrolysis (taqman)-reverse transcriptase (rt) pcr for classical swine fever virus (csfv) was evaluated for diagnostic sensitivity and specificity by using clinical samples obtained from the dominican republic, where the disease is enzootic. the sensitivity of this test, using nasal swab samples taken from both symptomatic and asymptomatic animals, exceeded the diagnostic sensitivity of virus isolation (100% versus 72.4%, respectively) with little loss of specificity (98.9% v ... | 2005 | 15635018 |
| antibody responses of pigs to defined erns fragments after infection with classical swine fever virus. | antibody responses of pigs to defined erns fragments, after classical swine fever virus (csfv) infection, were studied by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). selection of various e(rns) fragments was based on an immunodominant erns region encompassing three overlapping antigenic regions, amino acids 65 to 145 (erns(aa)65-145) (ar1), 84 to 160 (erns(aa)84-160) (ar2), and 109 to 220 (erns(aa)109-220) (ar3), identified earlier by our group (m. lin, e. trottier, j. pasick, and m. sab ... | 2005 | 15643004 |
| cloning and expression of interferon-alpha/gamma from a domestic porcine breed and its effect on classical swine fever virus. | to further evaluate the clinical impact of recombinant poifn-alpha/gamma, poifn-alpha/gamma genes from a chinese domestic big-white porcine breed were cloned using pcr, and expressed in a high-level prokaryotic system. the antiviral activities of rpoifn-alpha/gamma on vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), and classical swine fever virus (csfv) were investigated in different cell lines. the cloned poifn-alpha gene encodes a protein of 166 a ... | 2005 | 15661333 |
| adaptation of an invader assay for the detection of african swine fever virus dna. | a closed tube isothermal invader assay (third wave technologies inc., madison, wisconsin, usa) was adapted for the detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna. several asfv invader assays were designed successfully and tested on a real-time pcr instrument (icycler, biorad). the assay exhibiting the lowest signal/noise ratio (vp73 asfv invader assay) was analysed further using serial 10-fold dilutions of lisbon 60 asfv viral genome. the assay sensitivity was determined to be in the order of ... | 2004 | 15664044 |
| identification of antigenic regions of the erns protein for pig antibodies elicited during classical swine fever virus infection. | the structural glycoprotein e(rns) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is one of the major antibody targets upon infection of pigs with the virus. molecular dissection of the structure of e(rns) would define the minimal immunodominant regions that induce antibody responses after infection and may thus help design an effective diagnostic reagent or vaccine. in this study, deletion analysis was made within amino acids (aa) 297 to 776 of the csfv alfort/187 polyprotein containing the large c-term ... | 2004 | 15671490 |
| characterization of helper virus-independent cytopathogenic classical swine fever virus generated by an in vivo rna recombination system. | molecular analyses revealed that most cytopathogenic (cp) pestivirus strains evolve from noncytopathogenic (noncp) viruses by nonhomologous rna recombination. in contrast to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), cp classical swine fever virus (csfv) field isolates were rarely detected and always represented helper virus-dependent subgenomes. to investigate rna recombination in more detail, we recently established an in vivo system allowing the efficient generation of recombinant cp bvdv strains in ... | 2005 | 15681445 |
| porcine adenovirus as a delivery system for swine vaccines and immunotherapeutics. | porcine adenovirus (padv) has many qualities which make it an ideal choice for use as a delivery vector in swine. it is a low grade pathogen, present almost world-wide in a number of serotypes varying in their virulence and tissue tropism, which may allow for serotype specific vaccine targeting. padv is species specific having only been isolated from swine, reducing the possibility of its spread to other animals or man following administration. when engineered to contain a foreign gene, recombin ... | 2005 | 15683761 |
| phylogenetic analysis of classical swine fever virus in taiwan. | two envelope glycoprotein (erns and e2) regions of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) were amplified by rt-pcr and sequenced directly from 158 specimens collected between 1989 and 2003 in taiwan. phylogenetic analysis of the two regions revealed a similar tree topology and the erns region provided better discrimination than the e2 region. one hundred and fifteen isolates out of the 158 isolates were clustered within subgroup 2.1 (further classified as 2.1a and 2.1b) and 2.2, which were consi ... | 2005 | 15703847 |
| [recombinant analysis of classical swine fever virus]. | to study the possible recombinant relationship among differently derived classical swine fever virus, the coding regions of 21 isolates were analyzed to detect recombination and breakpoints through gene trees comparison and quartet analyses. the results show nucleotide area corresponding to e0, e1 and e2 as a possible recombinant tract between ald ( d49532) and gpe-(d49533) while ns5a-ns5b of the isolate 39 (af407339) appears to be derived from a virulent shimen strain (af092448) sequence. this ... | 2005 | 15715438 |
| african swine fever virus infection disrupts centrosome assembly and function. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a large, enveloped dna virus that assembles in perinuclear sites located close to the centrosome. it is reported here that the microtubule network becomes disorganized soon after the onset of viral dna replication and formation of assembly sites. asfv infection resulted in loss of gamma-tubulin and pericentrin at the centrosome; this was due to protein relocalization, but not degradation. asfv infection also inhibited the ability of the centrosome to nucleate ... | 2005 | 15722518 |
| the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus is a virulence determinant in swine. | to identify genetic determinants of classical swine fever virus (csfv) virulence and host range, chimeras of the highly pathogenic brescia strain and the attenuated vaccine strain cs were constructed and evaluated for viral virulence in swine. upon initial screening, only chimeras 138.8v and 337.14v, the only chimeras containing the e2 glycoprotein of cs, were attenuated in swine despite exhibiting unaltered growth characteristics in primary porcine macrophage cell cultures. additional viral chi ... | 2005 | 15731272 |
| immunoprotective properties of transgenic plants expressing e2 glycoprotein from csfv and cysteine protease from fasciola hepatica. | immune responses were elicited in laboratory animals after oral vaccination by transgenic plants (lettuce and alfalfa) expressing the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) or cysteine protease from fasciola hepatica. elisa analyses demonstrated that the oral route is effective in inducing a specific antibody response against these antigens in mice. | 2005 | 15734053 |
| when can a veterinarian be expected to detect classical swine fever virus among breeding sows in a herd during an outbreak? | the herd sensitivity (hse) and herd specificity (hsp) of clinical diagnosis of an infection with classical swine fever (csf) virus during veterinary inspection of breeding sows in a herd was evaluated. data gathered from visits to herds during the csf outbreak in 1997-1998 in the netherlands were used for the analysis. herds were visited one or more times by the same or by different veterinarians. on the basis of the veterinarians' reports, each visit was coded as 0 (negative clinical diagnosis) ... | 2004 | 15737431 |
| development of new concepts in vaccines and their effects on the control of infectious diseases (classical swine fever in particular). | molecular biology and technological advances in dna recombination have ushered in a new era in vaccinology. in particular, "deleted" vaccines have emerged over the past 10 years. the first such vaccines were used to protect pigs against aujeszky's disease. the same principles were subsequently applied to the development of vaccines against classical swine fever (csf), relaunching the debate on whether to use sanitary or medical measures. the decision about the measures to be applied depends on s ... | 2004 | 15742634 |
| [cultivation of the vaccine strain of the virus of porcine classic plague]. | several cell cultures were compared and examined for their capability to support reproduction of classical swine fever virus (csfv). experimental conditions of virus cultivation were optimized. the subculture of primary lamb testicular (lt) cells was selected for large cell cultivation of csfv. in contrast to many cell lines, these cells were free of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) contamination partly due to liquid nitrogen storage and gamma-ray sterilization of serum used in the growth medi ... | 2005 | 15747873 |
| [isolation of classical swine pest virus from homologous and heterologic cell lines]. | this study was devoted to the choice of cell line for isolation of cspv with high sensitivity. for this purpose the homologous transplantable cell lines from the collection of european references laboratory of csf (national veterinary research institute, pulawy, poland) and heterological primary cell culture from the collection "biotest-laboratory". cell cultures were cultivated as a monolayer in 96-hole microtitration plates. antigen of csfv was detected in peroxides-linked assay (pla). cell cu ... | 2005 | 15765885 |
| fibrocytes are potent stimulators of anti-virus cytotoxic t cells. | fibrocytes (fb) are a population of circulating leukocytes reported to be capable of presenting antigen to cd4(+) t lymphocytes. in contrast, no information is available about their capacity to stimulate cd8(+) cytolytic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses. to this end, fb were isolated from porcine blood to investigate their ability to stimulate ctl responses using a classical swine fever virus model. the isolated fb (referred to as primary fb) displayed the phenotype previously reported for mouse and ... | 2005 | 15767291 |
| phylogenetic analysis of classical swine fever virus isolated from taiwan. | by analyzing the e2 sequences of classical swine fever virus from field outbreaks in taiwan during 1993-2001, three virus populations with distinct genotypes were determined including one historical (subgroup 3.4) and two exotic (subgroup 2.1) strains. the first subgroup 2.1 virus was isolated in 1994 and further sporadic outbreaks occurred after 1996. phylogenetic analysis using the e2 region has segregated the taiwanese strains of 2.1 virus into two different genotypes (termed 2.1a and 2.1b). ... | 2005 | 15778024 |
| [detection and species-specific differentiation of pestiviruses using real-time rt-pcr]. | an important prerequisite for an efficient eradication of pestiviruses like bovine viral diarrhea virus or classical swine fever virus are sensitive and specific detection methods. beside antigen detection with antigen capture elisas and virus isolation using cell culture, the detection of virus genomes by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) becomes more and more important. by using real-time rt-pcr, the disadvantages of conventional pcr methods concerning the risk of contam ... | 2005 | 15803758 |
| oronasal vaccination with classical swine fever virus (csfv) replicon particles with either partial or complete deletion of the e2 gene induces partial protection against lethal challenge with highly virulent csfv. | a cdna clone of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain alfort/187 [ruggli n, tratschin jd, mittelholzer c, hofmann ma. nucleotide sequence of classical swine fever virus strain alfort/187 and transcription of infectious rna from stably cloned full-length cdna. j virol 1996;70(6):3478-87] was used to construct two e2 deletion mutants lacking either the complete e2 gene or, alternatively, a stretch of 204 nucleotides encoding 68 amino acids located in the c-terminal region of the e2 glycopr ... | 2005 | 15837238 |
| phylogenetic analysis of classical swine fever virus (csfv) field isolates from outbreaks in south and central america. | to date, there is little information concerning the epidemiological situation of classical swine fever (csf) in the americas. besides summarizing the available data, genotyping of isolates from outbreaks in domestic pigs in several countries of south and central america was performed. for this, a 190 base fragment of the e2 envelope glycoprotein gene was used. european strains and isolates, and historical isolates from the united states (us) were included for comparison. in contrast to the situa ... | 2005 | 15845261 |
| the antibody response in pigs inoculated with attenuated african swine fever virus. | pigs were inoculated with a modified isolate of african swine fever virus (asfv). complement-fixing (cf) and agar gel diffusion precipitin (agdp) antibodies could be detected in the serums of most pigs from 14-days postinoculation (dpi) until their immunity was challenged with virulent asfv at 117 dpi. reductive cleavage with 2-mercaptoethanol showed that serums collected at 14 to 35 dpi contained 19s antibody, but that the 7s antibody was dominant at 35 and 117 dpi. this distribution of antibod ... | 1968 | 15846892 |
| the purification and concentration of hog cholera virus. | partial purification of hog cholera virus (hcv) using a simple batch-type chromatographic procedure with magnetic ferric oxide (mfo) is described. infectious hcv was adsorbed from isotonic solutions to mfo and was eluted under conditions of low ionic strength and high ph. aqueous solutions of 0.01 m sodium cyanide or 0.0003 m ammonium hydroxide effectively dissociated mfo-hcv complexes. the data indicate that 50 to 100% of the original hcv infectivity was recovered concomitant with a 90 to 95% r ... | 1968 | 15846899 |
| [identification and comparison of neutralizing epitopes of glycoprotein e(rns) of classical swine fever virus]. | structural and envelope glycoprotein e(rns) (gp48) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the second antigenic protein being responsible for eliciting neutralizing antibodies and conferring protective immunity. infection of cells with csfv is mediated by the interaction of glycoprotein e(rns) and e2 with the cell surface receptors. the glycoprotein e(rns) has been shown to contain rnase activity, which plays a role in the viral life cycle and is also involved in virus neutralization. neutraliz ... | 2005 | 15847166 |
| quality management in reference tests for the diagnosis of classical swine fever. | inter-laboratory comparison tests for the diagnosis of classical swine fever (csf) have been established by the national swine fever laboratories of european union (eu) member states. they provide a method of measuring both the quality of the results of diagnostic tests performed by laboratories and the competence with which they were performed. the objective is that all laboratories obtain the same result when investigating the same sample. this study evaluates the results of serological and vi ... | 2004 | 15861884 |
| origin and evolution of viruses causing classical swine fever in cuba. | we have analyzed the origin and evolution of viruses from the classical swine fever (csf) epidemic that affects cuba since 2001 by nucleotide sequencing of regions within the e2 glycoprotein and the ns5b (polymerase) genes. the sequence of 190 nucleotides from e2 gene was determined for 10 csf viruses isolated at different locations of the island, and used for phylogenetic analyses, including sequences from viruses of the 1993--1997 epizootic, previously determined, as well as those from represe ... | 2005 | 15878213 |
| [sensitivity of methods of titration of the vaccine strain of porcine fever virus]. | methods of titration of the cs vaccine strain of classical swine fever virus were compared in vitro and vivo. the titration in the tl and pk-15 cell culture without cytopathic effect is based on the detection of virus antigen by labeled antibodies. the infection intensity in the cell culture virtually correlated with the antigenic and immunogenic activity of dry vaccine used for swine. | 2005 | 15881399 |
| candidate multi-peptide-vaccine against classical swine fever virus induced potent immunity with serological marker. | our previous study proposed a protective multi-peptide-vaccine (mpv) with freund's adjuvant against classical swine fever virus (csfv). in this study, another candidate mpv, using aluminum adjuvant, was further examined. all immunized pigs kept healthy during the experimental period, while the control group rapidly showed clinical symptoms and died. moreover, anti-sera from mpv-immunized pigs could interact with peptides involved in the mpv, in contrast to anti-sera from non-immunized or infecte ... | 2005 | 15882522 |
| a dna vaccine expressing the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus elicits t cell responses that can prime for rapid antibody production and confer total protection upon viral challenge. | immunization of domestic pigs with a dna vaccine expressing the complete e2 protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) conferred total protection against a severe viral challenge. immunization with three doses of plasmid pcdna3.1/e2 elicited a consistent and specific, mhc class ii restricted t cell response in the three domestic pigs analyzed, in the absence of detectable anti-csfv antibodies in serum. upon challenge specific t cell responses were boosted in the three vaccinated pigs, and a r ... | 2005 | 15882536 |
| loss of interferon regulatory factor 3 in cells infected with classical swine fever virus involves the n-terminal protease, npro. | we show that cells infected with the pestivirus classical swine fever virus (csfv) fail to produce alpha/beta interferon not only following treatment with double-stranded rna but also after superinfection with a heterologous virus, the alphavirus sindbis virus, a virus shown to normally induce interferon. we investigated whether the inhibition of interferon synthesis by csfv involved a block in interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf3) activity. cells infected with csfv exhibited a lack of transloca ... | 2005 | 15890962 |
| evolution of t lymphocytes and cytokine expression in classical swine fever (csf) virus infection. | this study characterized the cell-mediated immune response in pigs inoculated with the alfort 187 isolate of classical swine fever (csf) virus. quantitative changes in the t-lymphocyte population (cd3(+), cd4(+) and cd8(+)) and qualitative changes in cytokine expression (il-2, il-4 and ifngamma) by these cells in serum, thymus and spleen were demonstrated. these changes coincided spatially and temporally with previously described quantitative and qualitative changes in monocyte-macrophage popula ... | 2005 | 15893983 |
| detection of classical swine fever virus in archival formalin-fixed tissues by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important office international des epizooties list a disease of swine. inadequate diagnostic infrastructure in developing countries may sometimes make the conduit of viable samples to diagnostic laboratories difficult and at times formalin-fixed tissues may be the only morbid materials available which are not amenable to most laboratory tests. the potential diagnostic abilities in such situations would be enhanced if a highly sensitive and specific ... | 2004 | 15894029 |
| expression of proinflammatory cytokines by hepatic macrophages in acute classical swine fever. | fourteen pigs were inoculated with the 'alfort 187' strain of classical swine fever (csf) virus and killed in pairs at 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14 or 17 days post-inoculation for histopathological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical examination. for the latter method, the antibodies used were those against viral antigen gp55, porcine myeloid marker swc3, il-1alpha, il-6, tnf-alpha and factor viii-related antigen. activation and increase in the number of hepatic macrophages was observed following vir ... | 2005 | 15899492 |
| monte carlo simulation of classical swine fever epidemics and control. i. general concepts and description of the model. | a monte carlo simulation has been developed to describe the spread of classical swine fever virus between farms within a certain region. the data of the farms can be imported and considered individually. transmission occurs via the infection routes direct animal and indirect person and vehicle contact, as well as by contaminated sperm and local spread. parameters, such as incubation period and probability of detection, can be varied by the user and their impact on disease spread can be studied. ... | 2005 | 15908147 |
| tick-borne viruses. | at least 38 viral species are transmitted by ticks. virus-tick-vertebrate host relationships are highly specific and less than 10% of all tick species (argasidae and ixodidae) are known to play a role as vectors of arboviruses. however, a few tick species transmit several (e.g. ixodes ricinus, amblyomma variegatum) or many (i. uriae) tick-borne viruses. tick-borne viruses are found in six different virus families (asfarviridae, reoviridae, rhabdoviridae, orthomyxoviridae, bunyaviridae, flaviviri ... | 2004 | 15938513 |
| an error-prone viral dna ligase. | our recent demonstration that dna polymerase x (pol x), the dna repair polymerase encoded by the african swine fever virus (asfv), is extremely error prone during single-nucleotide gap filling led us to hypothesize that it might contribute to genetic variability in asfv. for the infidelity of pol x to be relevant, however, the dna ligase working downstream of it would need to be capable of sealing nicks containing 3'-oh mismatches. we therefore examined the nick ligation capabilities of the asfv ... | 2005 | 15938630 |
| monte carlo simulation of classical swine fever epidemics and control. ii. validation of the model. | a stochastic and spatial simulation model was developed to simulate the spread of classical swine fever virus among herds in a certain area. a model is a simplification of a real system. the mechanisms and parameters are often not exactly known. validation is necessary to gain insight into model behaviour and to identify risk factors with great impact on the response variables. several risk factors such as incubation period, number of daily farm contacts, probability of detection, probability of ... | 2005 | 15939558 |
| estimating the probability of freedom of classical swine fever virus of the east-belgium wild-boar population. | a report of the scientific committee on animal health and animal welfare of the european commission (cec, 1999.) includes recommendations for setting up monitoring programmes for classical swine fever (csf) infection in a wild-boar population, based on the assumption that one would detect at least 5% prevalence in a csf-infected wild-boar population. this assumption, however, is not science based. we propose an alternative method to provide evidence for a wild-boar population being free of csf a ... | 2005 | 15953649 |
| immunomodulatory effect of plasmids co-expressing cytokines in classical swine fever virus subunit gp55/e2-dna vaccination. | the aim of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effects of il-12, il-18 and cd154 (cd40 ligand, cd40l) in dna-vaccination against the classical swine fever virus. four recombinant plasmids were constructed including the csfv coding region for the glycoprotein gp55/e2 alone or together with porcine il-12, il-18 or cd154 genes. five groups of four pigs each were immunized intramuscularly (i.m.) three times with the respective constructs. the control group was inoculated with empty plas ... | 2005 | 15955282 |
| the kinetics of cytokine production and cd25 expression by porcine lymphocyte subpopulations following exposure to classical swine fever virus (csfv). | surface expression of il-2r-alpha (cd25) is widely used to identify activated lymphocyte populations, while interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) levels have been shown to be a good indicator of cell-mediated immunity (cmi) in pigs. to investigate the relationship between these two parameters, we developed an intracellular cytokine-staining assay and studied the kinetics of cytokine (ifn-gamma and interleukin-10, il-10) production relative to cd25 expression in porcine lymphocyte subpopulations, followin ... | 2005 | 15963818 |
| [site-directed mutagensis of the major antigen e2 gene of csfv, its high level expression in escherichia coli and the immunonicity of recombinant e2 protein]. | classical swine fever virus (csfv), an enveloped positive-stranded rna virus in the genus pestivirus of the flaviviridae family, is the causative agent of a highly contagious swine disease characterized by symptoms of hemorrhagic fever and immune depression, usually leading to substantial economic losses. the serological methods for detection of csfv antibody such as elisa are important means for the diagnosis of csfv and immune surveillance. it is difficult to obtain csfv antigen with high qual ... | 2003 | 15969061 |
| [ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and virus infection]. | ubiquitin is highly conserved 76 amino acid protein found in all eukaryotic organisms and ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (upp) plays a very important role in regulated non-lysosomal atp dependent protein degradation. this pathway participates in or regulates numerous cellular processes, such as selective protein degradation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, receptor control by endocytosis, immune response and the processing of antigens. neverthele ... | 2004 | 15969100 |
| classical swine fever--a step closer. | 2004 | 15977610 | |
| vaccination against classical swine fever virus: limitations and new strategies. | the most widely used vaccines for the control of classical swine fever (csf) in countries where it is endemic are live attenuated virus strains, which are highly efficacious, inducing virtually complete protection against challenge with pathogenic virus. in the european union (eu), the combination of prophylactic mass vaccination and culling of infected pigs in endemic regions has made it possible to almost eradicate the disease. however, it is not possible to discriminate between infected and v ... | 2004 | 15984328 |
| dimerization of glycoprotein e(rns) of classical swine fever virus is not essential for viral replication and infection. | the pestivirus glycoprotein e(rns), a ribonuclease, is expressed on the surface of virions and in infected cells as a disulfide-linked homodimer. e(rns) is involved in the infection process and its rnase activity is probably involved in viral replication and pathogenesis. the most c-terminal cysteine residue forms an intermolecular disulfide bond with another e(rns) monomer, resulting in an e(rns) dimer. to study the function of dimerisation of e(rns) for viral replication, the cysteine residue ... | 2005 | 15986175 |
| [evaluation on the biosafety of classical swine fever dna vaccine]. | the biosafety of dna vaccine is one of the key questions which should be solved before it is used in the clinical trail. in order to evaluate the biosafety of dna vaccine, the csfv dna vaccine was used in the studying target, two main aspects of the vaccine were explored in the study. firstly, the possibility of integration of two kinds of dna vaccine plasmids into pig genome was analyzed by pcr technology after the different vaccines were injected through the intramuscular introduction. the res ... | 2005 | 15989279 |
| classical swine fever (csf) in wild boar: the role of the transplacental infection in the perpetuation of csf. | thirty-four pregnant wild sows and their unborn progeny derived from an endemically infected population in the district of nordvorpommern (mecklenburg-western pomerania) were investigated for classical swine fever virus (csfv) and antibodies. during the last 2.5 years of the epidemic, 20 out of 34 pregnant wild sows investigated were serologically positive. no csfv or viral rna was detected in organs derived from these animals and their progeny. this indicates that young wild boars persistently ... | 2005 | 16000110 |
| statistical evaluation of classical swine fever surveillance plans in italy (1995-2003). | summary surveillance plans were carried out in italy from 1995 to 2003, with the main aim of controlling the possible circulation of low-virulence classical swine fever viral strains. the repetition of a serological monitoring programme over several years, with constantly negative results, can prove the absence of the infection while increasing the degree of confidence. in our case, in 2003, after eight repetitions of the surveillance plan, the probability that there was at least one infected fa ... | 2005 | 16000117 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on a chimeric antigen bearing antigenic regions of structural proteins erns and e2 for serodiagnosis of classical swine fever virus infection. | the antigenic region (residues 109 to 160) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) protein e(rns) and the n-terminal antigenic region (residues 1 to 136) of protein e2 were constructed in the form of a fused, chimeric protein, c21e(rns)e2, for use as an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) antigen for the serodiagnosis of csfv infection. tested with 238 negative-field (csfv-free) sera from canadian sources, the specificity of the elisa was determined to be 93.7%. all 20 sera from experimental ... | 2005 | 16002639 |
| lymphocyte apoptosis and thrombocytopenia in spleen during classical swine fever: role of macrophages and cytokines. | thirty-two large white x landrace pigs, 4 months old, were inoculated with the classical swine fever (csf) or hog cholera virus strain "alfort" in order to identify the mechanism responsible for the lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia observed in the spleen during the experimental induction of disease, by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural techniques. results showed a progressive depletion of splenic lymphoid structures and evidence of platelet aggregation processes. lymphoid depletion was due ... | 2005 | 16006607 |
| fc gamma rii-dependent sensitisation of natural interferon-producing cells for viral infection and interferon-alpha responses. | natural interferon-producing cells (nipc), also called plasmacytoid dendritic cells, are the most potent producers of ifn-alpha in response to viral and bacterial components, serving an important function in innate immune defences. the present work demonstrates that nipc responsiveness can be primed by immunisation, increasing their capacity to produce ifn-alpha after viral infection. nipc isolated from pigs immunised against classical swine fever virus (csfv), a member of the flaviviridae, were ... | 2005 | 16021600 |
| de novo rna synthesis and homology modeling of the classical swine fever virus rna polymerase. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) non-structural protein 5b (ns5b) encodes an rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp), a key enzyme which initiates rna replication by a de novo mechanism without a primer and is a potential target for anti-virus therapy. we expressed the ns5b protein in escherichia coli. the rgtp can stimulate de novo initiation of rna synthesis and mutation of the gdd motif to gly-asp-asp (gaa) abolishes the rna synthesis. to better understand the mechanism of viral rna synthesis i ... | 2005 | 16022897 |
| outbreaks of classical swine fever in the republic of korea in 2003. | 2005 | 16040944 | |
| n(pro) of classical swine fever virus is an antagonist of double-stranded rna-mediated apoptosis and ifn-alpha/beta induction. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) protects cells from double-stranded (ds) rna-mediated apoptosis and ifn-alpha/beta induction. this phenotype is lost when csfv lacks n(pro) (deltan(pro) csfv). in the present study, we demonstrate that n(pro) counteracts dsrna-mediated apoptosis and ifn-alpha/beta induction independently of other csfv elements. for this purpose, we generated porcine sk-6 and pk-15 cell lines constitutively expressing n(pro) fused to the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) ... | 2005 | 16043207 |
| validation of a real-time rt-pcr assay for sensitive and specific detection of classical swine fever. | a fully validated, ready-to-use, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay, multiplexed for simultaneous detection of an internal control, for the simple and rapid diagnosis of classical swine fever (csf) was developed. primers and fam-labeled taqman-probes specific for classical swine fever virus (csfv) were selected from the consensus sequence of the 5' non-translated region (5' ntr) of 78 different csfv strains. for determining analytical sensitivity, an in vitr ... | 2005 | 16055202 |
| in vivo depletion of cd8+ t lymphocytes abrogates protective immunity to african swine fever virus. | to understand the mechanisms involved in protective immunity to african swine fever virus (asfv) infection, the observation that infection with the avirulent portuguese asfv isolate our/t88/3 protects outbred pigs from challenge with the virulent portuguese asfv isolate our/t88/1 was exploited. it was demonstrated that pigs exposed to our/t88/3 and then depleted of cd8+ lymphocytes were no longer fully protected from our/t88/1 challenge. this indicated that cd8+ lymphocytes play an important rol ... | 2005 | 16099902 |
| identification of classical swine fever virus protein e2 as a target for cytotoxic t cells by using mrna-transfected antigen-presenting cells. | vaccination of pigs against classical swine fever virus (csfv) by using live-virus vaccines induces early protection before detectable humoral immune responses. immunological analyses indicate that this is associated with t-cell activation, underlining the importance of targeting cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) responses for vaccine improvement. antigen-presenting cells (apcs) transfected with mrna encoding structural protein e2 or non-structural viral proteins ns3-ns4a were used to identify viral ... | 2005 | 16099911 |
| genetic characterization of a caprine pestivirus as the first member of a putative novel pestivirus subgroup. | currently, the genus pestivirus comprises four approved species, namely bovine viral diarrhoea viruses 1 and 2 (bvdv-1, bvdv-2), classical swine fever virus and border disease virus (bdv). recently, three major genotypes have been identified within the species bdv and termed as subgroups bdv-1, bdv-2 and bdv-3. here, an isolate from animals in a herd showing bd-like syndromes, which occurred in central italy was analysed. a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed using prim ... | 2005 | 16115092 |
| nictitating membrane as a potentially useful postmortem diagnostic specimen for classical swine fever. | the gold standard for diagnosis of classical swine fever (csf) is cell culture virus isolation combined with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and fluorescent antibody test (fat) in cryosections of tonsils, spleen, various lymph nodes, ileum, and kidney. autolytic and heterolytic samples render correct fat evaluation difficult and can even yield false-negative or ambiguously positive results. to extend the spectrum of csf diagnostic specimens, the authors tested whether th ... | 2005 | 16130991 |
| characterization of epitopes for neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to classical swine fever virus e2 and erns using phage-displayed random peptide library. | infection of cells with classical swine fever virus (csfv) is mediated by the interaction of envelope glycoproteins e2 and erns with receptor molecules on the cell surface. these proteins are also the major antigens for eliciting neutralizing antibodies and conferring protective immunity. here we report the identification of multiple neutralizing epitopes on these proteins by screening a phage-displayed random peptide library with csfv-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. two different e ... | 2006 | 16132176 |
| detection and quantitative pathogenesis study of classical swine fever virus using a real time rt-pcr assay. | a real time reverse transcription (rt) taqman pcr assay for the detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv) previously described for use on a smartcycler was validated on the applied biosystems ab 7700 sequence detection system using the roche magna pure instrument for nucleic acid extraction and reaction set up. the primers and probe were specific for the csfv strains (nsw, baker and weybridge) and did not react with other pestiviruses (bdv tobias, bdv #327, bvdv non-cpe and bvdv c24v). ana ... | 2006 | 16139899 |
| vimentin rearrangement during african swine fever virus infection involves retrograde transport along microtubules and phosphorylation of vimentin by calcium calmodulin kinase ii. | african swine fever virus (asfv) infection leads to rearrangement of vimentin into a cage surrounding virus factories. vimentin rearrangement in cells generally involves phosphorylation of n-terminal domains of vimentin by cellular kinases to facilitate disassembly and transport of vimentin filaments on microtubules. here, we demonstrate that the first stage in vimentin rearrangement during asfv infection involves a microtubule-dependent concentration of vimentin into an "aster" within virus ass ... | 2005 | 16140754 |
| phylogenetic analysis of recent isolates of classical swine fever virus from colombia. | the ability to discriminate between different classical swine fever virus (csfv) isolates is a prerequisite for identifying the possible origin of an outbreak. to determine the relatedness between colombian isolates from different geographical regions, genetic sequences of the glycoprotein e2 and the 5'utr of csfv were amplified by pcr, sequenced and compared with reference strains of different genetic grouping. the viruses originated from classical swine fever (csf) outbreaks in colombia during ... | 2006 | 16143418 |
| susceptibility of in vivo- and in vitro-produced porcine embryos to classical swine fever virus. | the objective of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of in vivo- and in vitro-produced (ivp) porcine embryos to classical swine fever virus (csfv). ivp zona pellucida (zp)-intact porcine embryos (n = 721) were co-cultured with csfv for 120 h. after washing according to the international embryo transfer society guidelines (without trypsin) and transferring embryos to csfv-susceptible porcine kidney cells (pk15 cell line), no virus was isolated. however, when 88 ivp zp-intact porcine ... | 2005 | 16149945 |
| role of double-stranded rna and npro of classical swine fever virus in the activation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a noncytopathogenic (ncp) positive-sense rna virus that replicates in myeloid cells including macrophages and dendritic cells (dc). the virus does not induce type i interferon (ifn-alpha/beta), which in macrophages has been related to the presence of the viral npro gene. in the present work, the role of viral double-stranded (ds)rna and npro in the virus-host cell interaction has been analyzed. higher levels of detectable dsrna were produced by a genetically ... | 2005 | 16154171 |
| candidate peptide-vaccine induced potent protection against csfv and identified a principal sequential neutralizing determinant on e2. | previously, two candidate multi-peptide-vaccines (mpvs) consisted of five overlapping synthetic peptides covering the antigenic domain b/c (aa693-777) on envelope protein e2 were prepared in our lab. and they successfully induced peptide-specific neutralizing antibodies and provided pigs with complete protection from the lethal challenge of virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain shimen. in this study, these five peptides were conjugated to bovine serum albumin (bsa), with which five ... | 2006 | 16154668 |
| mutation of e1 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus affects viral virulence in swine. | transposon linker insertion mutagenesis of a full-length infectious clone (ic) (pbic) of the pathogenic classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain brescia was used to identify genetic determinants of csfv virulence and host range. here, we characterize a virus mutant, rb-c22v, possessing a 19-residue insertion at the carboxyl terminus of e1 glycoprotein. although rb-c22v exhibited normal growth characteristics in primary porcine macrophage cell cultures, the major target cell of csfv in vivo, it ... | 2005 | 16168455 |
| genetic typing of classical swine fever viruses from lao pdr by analysis of the 5' non-coding region. | the 5' non-coding region (5'-ncr) of 27 classical swine fever virus (csfv) isolates from lao people's democratic republic (lao pdr) during 1997 and 1999 were amplified by rt-pcr. a 150-bp region of the 5'-ncr amplicons was analysed and compared with reference csfv of european and asian origin and a phylogenetic dendrogram constructed. following analysis, all viruses were determined to belong to genogroup 2. viruses from lao pdr grouped on a geographical basis with the majority of northern/centra ... | 2005 | 16175340 |
| secreted expression of the classical swine fever virus glycoprotein e(rns) in yeast and application to a sandwich blocking elisa. | e(rns) is an envelope glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) with rnase activity. the purpose of this study was to produce an active e(rns) for further applications using the yeast secreted expression system. the e(rns) gene was cloned into the expression vector pgapzalphac which was introduced into pichia pastoris. expression of e(rns) protein in culture supernatant was confirmed by western blot analysis using both the monoclonal antibody against csfv e(rns) and csfv-positive swine ... | 2006 | 16213600 |
| in silico studies of the african swine fever virus dna polymerase x support an induced-fit mechanism. | the african swine fever virus dna polymerase x (pol x), a member of the x family of dna polymerases, is thought to be involved in base excision repair. kinetics data indicate that pol x catalyzes dna polymerization with low fidelity, suggesting a role in viral mutagenesis. though pol x lacks the fingers domain that binds the dna in other members of the x family, it binds dna tightly. to help interpret details of this interaction, molecular dynamics simulations of free pol x at different salt con ... | 2006 | 16214865 |
| [codon optimization and expression in pichia pastoris of e2 gene of classical swine fever virus]. | codon bias was one of the important parameter which influence heterogenous gene expression, optimizing codon sequence could improve expression level of heterogenous gene. in the preview study, wildtype e2 gene was expressed poorly in pichia pastoris, in order to improve the expression level of e2 gene in pichia pastoris, the low usage codons of e2 gene were mutated into high usage codons in pichia pastoris by directed-mutagenesis based on pcr. the result showed that, compared with the results re ... | 2003 | 16281552 |
| evaluation of the epidemiological importance of classical swine fever infected, e2 sub-unit marker vaccinated animals with rt-npcr positive blood samples. | it has been demonstrated that pigs that have been double vaccinated with an e2 sub-unit marker vaccine and that are infected with classical swine fever virus (csfv) through a natural contact infection may react positive in a csfv detecting rt-npcr test, whereas no virus could be isolated by using the conventional virus isolation (vi) technique. to evaluate whether these vaccinated and infected pigs may spread the virus, three experiments were set up. in the first, susceptible pigs were inoculate ... | 2005 | 16283914 |
| candidate peptide-vaccines induced immunity against csfv and identified sequential neutralizing determinants in antigenic domain a of glycoprotein e2. | antigenic domain a is a highly conserved unit on envelope protein e2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv). it was found that mutant e2 containing only unit a, with the unit bc deleted, provided immunized pigs with complete protection against the lethal challenge. in this study, six overlapping peptides (a1-a6) covering this unit were synthesized and conjugated to bovine serum albumin (bsa). two candidate multi-peptide-vaccines (mpvs) using aluminum adjuvant successfully induced potent immunity ... | 2006 | 16300867 |
| development of a nested pcr and its internal control for the detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) in ornithodoros erraticus. | a nested pcr assay, with an internal control, was developed to detect african swine fever virus (asfv) dna in ornithodoros erraticus. the assay revealed a better analytical sensitivity than virus isolation and the oie pcr protocol. all ticks collected from the field, which were positive by virus isolation, were also positive by pcr. viral dna was detected in a further 19 out of 60 ticks from which no virus was isolated. our results show that this assay is reliable and can easily be used to scree ... | 2006 | 16328146 |
| immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus ns3 protein in vitro and in vivo. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease of pigs characterised by fever, severe leukopenia and haemorrhages. with vaccines having an importance in disease control, studies are seeking improved protein-based subunit vaccine against the virus (csfv). in this respect, recombinant viral ns3 protein was analysed for its immunopotentiating capacity, particularly in terms of cytotoxic immune responses. ns3 was effective at inducing in vitro responses, quantified by lym ... | 2006 | 16336932 |
| dna polymerase x from african swine fever virus: quantitative analysis of the enzyme-ssdna interactions and the functional structure of the complex. | interactions of polymerase x from african swine fever virus with single-stranded dna (ssdna) have been studied, using quantitative fluorescence titration and analytical ultracentrifugation techniques. experiments were performed with a fluorescent etheno-derivative of ssdna oligomers. studies of unmodified ssdna oligomers were carried out using the competition titration method. the total site-size of the pol x-ssdna complex is 16(+/-1) nucleotide residues. the large total ssdna-binding site has a ... | 2006 | 16337650 |
| effects of some disinfectants on african swine fever virus. | [this corrects the article on p. 115 in vol. 25.]. | 1973 | 16349959 |
| the viral protein a238l inhibits tnf-alpha expression through a cbp/p300 transcriptional coactivators pathway. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is able to inhibit tnf-alpha-induced gene expression through the synthesis of a238l protein. this was shown by the use of deletion mutants lacking the a238l gene from the vero cell-adapted ba71v asfv strain and from the virulent isolate e70. to further analyze the molecular mechanism by which the viral gene controls tnf-alpha, we have used jurkat cells stably transfected with the viral gene to identify the tnf-alpha regulatory elements involved in the induction o ... | 2006 | 16365438 |
| armored rna as virus surrogate in a real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay proficiency panel. | in recent years testing responsibilities for high-consequence pathogens have been expanded from national reference laboratories into networks of local and regional laboratories in order to support enhanced disease surveillance and to test for surge capacity. this movement of testing of select agents and high-consequence pathogens beyond reference laboratories introduces a critical need for standardized, noninfectious surrogates of disease agents for use as training and proficiency test samples. ... | 2006 | 16390950 |
| negative impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection on the efficacy of classical swine fever vaccine. | recent findings suggest that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) possesses immunomodulatory properties. to investigate the effect of prrsv infection on classical swine fever (csf) vaccine efficacy, 17-day-old pigs were divided into five groups. the experimental group was infected with a thai prrsv (us genotype) a week before csf vaccination and challenged with a virulent csf virus (csfv) 3 weeks following vaccination. the control groups received no prrsv infection, no csf ... | 2006 | 16406169 |
| nuclear export of african swine fever virus p37 protein occurs through two distinct pathways and is mediated by three independent signals. | nucleocytoplasmic shuttling activity of the african swine fever virus p37 protein, a major structural protein of this highly complex virus, has been recently reported. the systematic characterization of the nuclear export ability of this protein constituted the major purpose of the present study. we report that both the n- and c-terminal regions of p37 protein are actively exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of yeast and mammalian cells. moreover, experiments using leptomycin b and small ... | 2006 | 16415017 |
| characterization of the n-terminal domain of classical swine fever virus rna-dependent rna polymerase. | to investigate rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) further, mutational analysis of the n-terminal domain of the ns5b protein of classical swine fever virus was performed. results show that the n-terminal domain (positions 1-300) of the protein might be divided artificially into four different regions, n1-n4. the n1 region (positions 1-61) contained neither conserved lysine nor conserved arginine residues. ns5b protein with deletion of the n1 region has the capacity for elongative rna synthesis, ... | 2006 | 16432021 |
| core protein of pestiviruses is processed at the c terminus by signal peptide peptidase. | the core protein of pestiviruses is released from the polyprotein by viral and cellular proteinases. here we report on an additional intramembrane proteolytic step that generates the c terminus of the core protein. c-terminal processing of the core protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was blocked by the inhibitor (z-ll)(2)-ketone, which is specific for signal peptide peptidase (spp). the same effect was obtained by overexpression of the dominant-negative spp d(265)a mutant. the presence ... | 2006 | 16439547 |
| the protective immune response induced by b cell epitope of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein e2. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) envelope glycoprotein e2 is a major protective immunogen responsible for eliciting neutralizing antibodies and conferring protective immunity against the virus. based on the core sequence (tavspttlr, 829-837 aa) of the b cell linear epitope of the csfv e2 protein identified by lin et al., two oligonucleotides mf and mr were synthesized and used to construct by pcr a gene cassette encoding a 15 amino acid polypeptide m (ctavspttlrtevvk), which spans 828-842 amin ... | 2006 | 16455143 |
| porcine interleukin-3 enhances dna vaccination against classical swine fever. | dna vectors can be used to deliver vaccine antigens that stimulate effective protective immunity in mice, but in larger, outbred animal species, the protective efficacy is lower or large doses of dna are required. these data demonstrate that porcine interleukin-3 (il-3) when delivered to pigs by dna vector or in low doses as recombinant protein, can enhance antibody responses to classical swine fever virus antigen expressed from co-delivered dna, and improve the protective efficacy of the dna va ... | 2006 | 16457910 |
| a serological survey of selected pathogens in wild boar in slovenia. | serum samples collected from 178 shot wild boars (sus scrofa) were tested for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus, aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus, swine influenza virus, porcine parvovirus (ppv), swine vesicular disease virus, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, salmonella spp., brucella spp. and haemophilus para ... | 2006 | 16460352 |
| [salmonella choleraesuis c500 delivering dna immunization against classical swine fever virus]. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) e2 protein eukaryotic expression plasmid pvaxe2 was constructed. the plasmid pvaxe2 was transformed into salmonella choleraesuis c500 (s. c500) attenuated vaccine strain by electroporation to generate salmonella choleraesuis engineering strain s. c500/pvaxe2. the characterization of s. c500/pvaxe2 in morphology, growth, biochemistry and serology indicated that it retained the same properties as its original strain s. c500 with exception of kanamycin resistance ... | 2005 | 16468338 |
| comparison of six rna extraction methods for the detection of classical swine fever virus by real-time and conventional reverse transcription-pcr. | six rna extraction methods, i.e., rnaqueous kit, micro-to-midi total rna purification system, nucleospin rna ii, genelute mammalian total rna kit, rneasy mini kit, and trizol ls reagent, were evaluated on blood and 7 tissues from pig infected with classical swine fever virus (csfv). each of the 6 extraction methods yielded sufficient rna for positive results in a real-time reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) for csfv, and all rna, except the one extracted from blood by trizol ls reagent, yielded ... | 2005 | 16475517 |
| visualization of the african swine fever virus infection in living cells by incorporation into the virus particle of green fluorescent protein-p54 membrane protein chimera. | many stages of african swine fever virus infection have not yet been studied in detail. to track the behavior of african swine fever virus (asfv) in the infected cells in real time, we produced an infectious recombinant asfv (b54gfp-2) that expresses and incorporates into the virus particle a chimera of the p54 envelope protein fused to the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp). the incorporation of the fusion protein into the virus particle was confirmed immunologically and it was determine ... | 2006 | 16490226 |
| contributions of an endonuclease iv homologue to dna repair in the african swine fever virus. | we recently demonstrated that african swine fever virus dna polymerase x (pol x) is extremely error-prone during single-nucleotide gap-filling and that the downstream asfv dna ligase seals 3' mismatched nicks with high efficiency. to further assess the credence of our hypothesis that these proteins may promote viral diversification by functioning within the context of an aberrant dna repair pathway, herein we characterize the third protein expected to function in this system, a putative ap endon ... | 2006 | 16503634 |
| spying the neutralizing epitopes on e2 n-terminal by candidate epitope-vaccines against classical swine fever virus. | our previous study proved that the n-terminal (aa693-711) of glycoprotein e2 contained sequential neutralizing epitopes. in this study, four candidate epitope-vaccines (evs) were separately prepared and evaluated. among them, epitope-vaccine ev-bc1a (bc1a: aa693-699) induced high level of epitope-specific neutralizing antibodies and exhibited similar protective capability with that induced by chinese vaccine strain (c-strain). these results confirmed ckedyry (aa693-699) as a principal sequential ... | 2006 | 16504346 |
| antigenic properties and diagnostic potential of african swine fever virus protein pp62 expressed in insect cells. | african swine fever (asf) is an infectious and economically important disease of domestic pigs. the absence of vaccine renders the diagnostic test the only tool that can be used for the control of new outbreaks of the disease. at present, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) test is the most useful method for large-scale asf serological studies, although false positives have been detected, mainly on poorly preserved sera. in order to improve the current diagnostic test available for asf ... | 2006 | 16517882 |
| african swine fever virus pb119l protein is a flavin adenine dinucleotide-linked sulfhydryl oxidase. | protein pb119l of african swine fever virus belongs to the erv1p/alrp family of sulfhydryl oxidases and has been described as a late nonstructural protein required for correct virus assembly. to further our knowledge of the function of protein pb119l during the virus life cycle, we have investigated whether this protein possesses sulfhydryl oxidase activity, using a purified recombinant protein. we show that the purified protein contains bound flavin adenine dinucleotide and is capable of cataly ... | 2006 | 16537584 |
| determination of genotoxicity of classical swine fever vaccine in vitro by cytogenetic and comet tests. | chromosome damage in lymphocyte cultures induced by live virus vaccine against classical swine fever (csf) has been observed in previous studies. in vivo cytogenetic tests were made with several doses of vaccines used in argentina to control the disease. these studies have shown that genotoxic effects increased with dose. in the present study, two different in vitro assays were performed by recording the frequency of cells with chromosome alterations and by assessing the ability of the vaccine t ... | 2006 | 16571637 |