Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| reye's syndrome simulacra in liver of mice after treatment with chemical agents and encephalomyocarditis virus. | in children with reye's syndrome, liver specimens exhibit the following characteristics: mitochondrial dysfiguration, fatty infiltration, decreased activity of carbamyl phosphate synthetase and of ornithine transcarbamylase, histochemically reduced activity of succinic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase, and depletion of glycogen. we intended to create an animal model for reye's syndrome by treating mice with encephalomyocarditis virus, and/or salicylate, fructose, atlox, butylated hydroxytolu ... | 1981 | 6265702 |
| susceptibility to murine viral diabetes: host versus intrinsic pancreatic factors. | 1981 | 6267754 | |
| modification of membrane permeability induced by animal viruses early in infection. | 1981 | 6267801 | |
| csf changes during acute meningoencephalitis in mice caused by encephalomyocarditis virus. | encephalomyelitis was induced in mice by intravenous inoculation with encephalomyocarditis virus. examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed marked pleocytosis and increased amounts of protein, including immunoglobulins. these proteins entered the cerebrospinal fluid by transfer from serum during the period of central nervous system infection. | 1981 | 6267982 |
| study on the met-trna-binding activity in krebs-2 cells infected with encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1981 | 6268448 | |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin g antibody to encephalomyocarditis virus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin g antibody to encephalomyocarditis virus was developed. this assay was comparable to antibody assay by neutralization. its adaptability should be useful for laboratory and epidemiological studies of infections due to encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1980 | 6268654 |
| selective inhibition of cellular protein synthesis by amphotericin b in emc virus-infected cells. | 1981 | 6269287 | |
| action of nucleotide derivatives on translation in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected mouse cells. | the infection of animal cells by encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus lead to a drastic change in membrane permeability towards low mol. wt. compounds. addition of the nucleotide analogue gppch2p to the culture medium resulted in a specific inhibition of protein synthesis in emc virus-infected 3t6 cells. this inhibition was not observed when gtp or atp were present nor in control mock-infected 3t6 cells. the induction of membrane leakiness after viral infection was not specific for 3t6 cells, as it ... | 1981 | 6270243 |
| effect of enzymes on the attachment of influenza and encephalomyocarditis viruses to erythrocytes. | encephalomyocarditis (emc) and influenza viruses attach to human erythrocytes causing haemagglutination of the cells. sialoglycoproteins, containing predominantly glycophorin a, from these cells behave as soluble virus receptors and inhibit haemagglutination by both viruses. removal of 43% of the sialic acid from erythrocytes with neuraminidase prevented their haemagglutination by emc virus loss of 40% of glycophorin sialic acid destroyed its inhibitory properties against this virus. however, ab ... | 1981 | 6270264 |
| [role of viruses in the etiology of endocrine diseases]. | 1981 | 6270646 | |
| depression of hepatic cytochrome p-450-dependent mixed function oxidases during infection with encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1981 | 6271141 | |
| selective disorganisation of biochemical function in b cells of islets of langerhans infected by emc-m virus in tissue culture. | 1981 | 6271590 | |
| the role of mrna competition in regulating translation. iii. comparison of in vitro and in vivo results. | competition of encephalomyocarditis virus, reovirus, and l-cell mrnas for a message-discriminatory component was studied in vitro. the data were analyzed qualitatively to determine the relative initiation efficiencies among the various mrnas. the effects of potassium chloride concentration, magnesium acetate concentration, and m7g methylation on mrna competition in vitro were also studied. these results were correlated with translation rates in vivo for the same mrnas, to determine if the sites ... | 1981 | 6271760 |
| [structure containing cellular mrna in picornavirus infections]. | the fate of cellular mrna upon infection of krebs-2 ascites carcinoma cells with encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus was investigated. the cell mrna was discovered in a structure with a sedimentation coefficient of about 100s and a buoyant density of 1.50--1.519 g/cm3 during active virus-specific synthesis (3.0--4.0 hr post infection). the template activity of the 100s structure in a cell-free protein-synthesizing system and of mrna isolated from it was studied and the nature of synthesized product ... | 1981 | 6272098 |
| [protective action of arginine (or lysine) butyrate against the lethal effect of encelphalomyocarditis virus on mice]. | 1981 | 6272953 | |
| [translation initiation factor activity in krebs-2 cells infected with the encephalomyocarditis virus]. | 1981 | 6274602 | |
| the interaction of encephalomyocarditis virus with its erythrocyte receptor on affinity chromatography columns. | glycophorin, the major sialoglycoprotein in the human erythrocyte surface membrane, can serve as a red cell receptor for both wheat-germ agglutinin (wga) and encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus since glycophorin bound to wga--sepharose can at the same time bind emc virus. in contrast, glycophorin bound to wga--sepharose cannot bind emc virus in the presence of sds. the evidence suggests that virus binding to glycophorin-wga--sepharose occurred in the absence of sds because glycophorin was present i ... | 1981 | 6275018 |
| cleavage of the capsid protein precursors of encephalomyocarditis virus in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. | the cleavage pathway of the three capsid protein precursors of encephalomyocarditis virus, proteins a1, a, and b, was studied in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. kinetic data suggested that the three proteins were cleaved through a sequential of a1 to a to b. | 1981 | 6275128 |
| encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus myocarditis in dba/2 mice. i. acute stage. | severe myocarditis was induced in inbred dba/2 mice inoculated with m variant of emc virus. yellowish-white patches were seen on the surface of the ventricles and atria, and histologically, myocardial necrosis and calcification was evident on the fourth day after virus inoculation. myocardial lesions appeared earlier and were more extensive than we observed in previous myocarditis induced by coxsackie b viruses. spontaneous perimyocardial lesions were observed in control dba/2 mice, which were e ... | 1981 | 6275136 |
| preparation and characterization of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. | 1981 | 6276658 | |
| assay of (2'-5')-oligo(a) synthetase with 2',5'-adp-sepharose. | 1981 | 6276661 | |
| virus-induced diabetes in mice prevented by a live attenuated vaccine. | 1982 | 6276748 | |
| approaches to assessing host resistance. | there is increasing evidence that chronic, subclinical exposure to certain environmental pollutants may upset immune responsiveness and alter susceptibility of animals to infectious agents. environmental chemicals or drugs may affect diverse aspects of the immune system, leading to immunosuppression, immunopotentiation, hypersensitivity or perturbed innate host resistance. a variety of infectious models is available that involves relatively well defined target organs and host defense mechanisms; ... | 1982 | 6277617 |
| expression and modulation of virus receptors on lymphoid and myeloid cells: relationship to infectivity. | 1982 | 6278730 | |
| long-term complications of virus-induced diabetes mellitus in mice. | 1982 | 6280054 | |
| an experimental model for congestive heart failure after encephalomyocarditis virus myocarditis in mice. | severe myocarditis was induced in inbred balb/c mice inoculated with the m variant of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. the mortality rate was maximal on the fourth day, then decreased gradually, but increased again between the eleventh and fourteenth days. gross myocardial lesions were seen on the surface of the ventricles in 62 of 125 mice (49.6%) after the fifth day. these myocardial lesions were observed more frequently in the dead mice (46 of 49, 93.9%). cavity dimensions and wall thickness ... | 1982 | 6280889 |
| [use of nucleoside di- and monophosphates as substrates in rna synthesis by replicative complexes of the encephalomyocarditis virus]. | 1982 | 6280946 | |
| identification of the polyprotein termination site on encephalomyocarditis viral rna. | we show by sequence analysis of a 420-base-long region adjacent to the 3' polyadenylic acid of encephalomyocarditis viral rna and by carboxy terminus analysis of protein e that the termination site of encephalomyocarditis virus polyprotein translation consists of two successive uag codons located at positions 121 to 126 from the 3' polyadenylic acid. | 1982 | 6281483 |
| evidence for intramolecular self-cleavage of picornaviral replicase precursors. | it has previously been shown that when encephalomyocarditis viral rna is translated in cell-free extracts of rabbit reticulocytes, it synthesizes a virus-coded protease, p22, which is derived by cleavage of a precursor protein, c. protein c is shown here to be cleaved by two different mechanisms, which were distinguished by their sensitivity to dilution. one mechanism was sensitive to dilution; the other was not. the biphasic cleavage behavior was unchanged by diluting incubation mixtures with u ... | 1982 | 6283117 |
| leader polypeptides encoded in the 5'-region of the encephalomyocarditis virus genome. | 1982 | 6284551 | |
| rapid method for the preparation of encephalomyocarditis virus protease from rabbit reticulocyte lysates. | fractionation of the reticulocyte lysate translation products of encephalomyocarditis virus rna by ultracentrifugation showed that the viral proteins were distributed differentially in the supernatant and the ribosomal pellet fractions. the viral noncapsid proteins c and d, which contain the viral protease sequence, sedimented preferentially with the pellet fraction. incubation of the resuspended pellet and subsequent centrifugation of the suspension resulted in cleavage of the protease from pro ... | 1982 | 6284992 |
| functional characterization of cleavage-defective mutants of encephalomyocarditis virus. | we characterized seven temperature-sensitive capsid cleavage (cleavage-defective) mutants of encephalomyocarditis virus. our experimental approach was to monitor in vitro proteolysis reactions of either wild-type or cleavage-defective mutant capsid precursors mixed with cell-free translation products (containing the viral protease) of either wild-type or mutant viral rna. the cell-free translation reactions and in vitro proteolysis reactions were done at 38 degrees c, because at this temperature ... | 1982 | 6284997 |
| the effect of alcohol ingestion on the susceptibility of mice to viral infections. | the influence of acute alcoholization on the evolution of different viral diseases was studied in orally alcoholized mice. ethanol increased mice susceptibility to encephalomyocarditis and influenza only when it was administered after virus infection. there was no dose-effect correlation. vaccinia and herpes virus infections were not modified by alcoholization. hypotheses concerning the mechanisms of alcohol action were put forward. | 1982 | 6285755 |
| interferon induction by 5-halo-6-phenyl pyrimidinones. | the interferon inducing characteristics of a new series of 6-phenyl pyrimidinol compounds are described and compared against a previously identified pyrimidine, 2-amino-5-bromo-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol (abmp). interestingly, a split in ability to induce interferon but not in vivo antiviral activity was observed in the newest compounds. one representative compound, 2-amino-5-bromo-6-phenyl-4-pyrimidinol (abpp) induced high levels of serum interferon in mice, cats and cattle in vivo and human lympho ... | 1980 | 6286802 |
| inhibition of virus-induced murine diabetes by an interferon inducer. | 1982 | 6286804 | |
| translation of capped virus mrna in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected cells. | the pattern of protein synthesis in hela cells simultaneously infected with encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) and semliki forest virus (sfv) has been analysed throughout the time course of the infection. the ratio of the picornavirus protein gamma versus the togavirus late protein c increased when the m.o.i. of emcv was raised, and the ratio of c/gamma increased with higher multiplicities of sfv. under some conditions, the co-infected cells simultaneously synthesized the picornavirus and togavir ... | 1982 | 6286854 |
| inhibition of host translation in encephalomyocarditis virus-infected l cells: a novel mechanism. | encephalomyocarditis virus induced a rapid shutoff of host translation in mouse l cells shortly after infection and before viral proteins were made in detectable amounts. this kinetic pattern is similar to that seen in poliovirus-infected hela cells. however, the mechanisms of host shutoff are different in these two cases, for no reduction in the ability of lysates from encephalomyocarditis virus-infected l cells to translate capped mrnas was observed. instead, a change in the subcellular distri ... | 1982 | 6287000 |
| effect of steroid hormones on virus-induced diabetes mellitus. | female icr swiss mice, generally resistant to the diabetogenic effects of the d variant of encephalomyocarditis virus, develop diabetes to the same extent as males if they are pretreated with testosterone. the data suggest that testosterone is one of the factors involved in the development of diabetes in certain strains of mice. | 1982 | 6288572 |
| protein synthesis in hela cells double-infected with encephalomyocarditis virus and poliovirus. | 1982 | 6288850 | |
| resistance to infections in mice with defects in the activities of mononuclear phagocytes and natural killer cells: effects of immunomodulators in beige mice and 89sr-treated mice. | beige mice, which are a homolog of the chediak-higashi syndrome, and mice treated with 89sr to destroy the bone marrow provide animal models of defects in mononuclear phagocyte and natural killer cell functions. the innate resistance of these mice to viruses such as herpes simplex and encephalomyocarditis viruses, however, is normal. moreover, treatment of the mice with immunomodulators such as propionibacterium acnes (formerly designated corynebacterium parvum) and pyran produced a significant ... | 1982 | 6290389 |
| alteration of diabetes and interferon induction by the diabetogenic strain of encephalomyocarditis virus through cell passage. | the diabetogenic strain of encephalomyocarditis virus (d virus) was propagated in several continuous cell lines. each virus stock was tested for its ability to produce diabetes in mice and induce l-cell interferon (ifn-beta). the effect of insulin on virus replication and ifn-beta induction was also determined. it was found that the severity of the diabetes and the amount of ifn-beta produced was dependent on the cell line used for virus propagation. virus synthesis was augmented and ifn-beta pr ... | 1982 | 6290577 |
| encephalomyocarditis virus myocarditis in inbred strains of mice--chronic stage. | inbred strains of a/j, balb/c, c3h/he, c57bl/6 and dba/2 mice were inoculated with the m variant of encephalomyocarditis virus having a titer of 100 tcid50/0.1 ml. myocardial lesions were seen in 73 of 150 balb/c mice (48.7%), 160 of 259 c3h/he mice (61.8%) and 115 of 174 dba/2 mice (66.1%). no pathologic findings were noted in a/j and c57bl/6 mice. in c3h/he and dba/2 mice, dilatation and hypertrophy of the heart accompanying myocardial lesions persisted up to the 8th month after virus inoculat ... | 1982 | 6290692 |
| mutants of encephalomyocarditis virus requiring a hypertonic environment for optimal growth in hela cells. | 1982 | 6291232 | |
| [encephalomyocarditis in hamadryas baboons]. | in 1978--1979, four cases of encephalomyocarditis were recorded in baboons in a simian preserve of the ussr ams research institute of experimental pathology and therapy located in the zapadnyaya gumista river valley. the diagnosis was made on the basis of virological and pathomorphological examinations. the isolate recovered from the dead monkeys was identical with the prototype strain of encephalomyocarditis virus (emc) and the emc-70 strain previously isolated by us from m. rhesus monkeys. the ... | 1982 | 6291247 |
| animal model of congestive cardiomyopathy. | 1982 | 6291804 | |
| relationship between membrane integrity and the inhibition of host translation in virus-infected mammalian cells. comparative studies between encephalomyocarditis virus and poliovirus. | 1982 | 6291943 | |
| genomic and receptor attachment differences between mengovirus and encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1982 | 6293181 | |
| synergistic activities of type i (alpha, beta) and type ii (gamma) murine interferons. | type i (alpha, beta) and type ii (gamma) murine interferons are able to potentiate each other with respect to the inhibition of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus and of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) multiplication in a murine cell line (dbt). examination of two double-stranded rna-dependent enzymes in dbt cells, the 2-5a synthetase and the 67,000 mw protein phosphokinase indicates that mixed interferon preparations act synergistically at least with respect to an increase in the activity of ... | 1982 | 6293377 |
| in vitro synthesis and assembly of picornaviral capsid intermediate structures. | cell-free translation of encephalomyocarditis rna in extracts of rabbit reticulocytes results in the synthesis of viral proteins indistinguishable from those produced during virus infection of cells. the viral capsid proteins are produced in an active form capable of assembly into viral capsid intermediate structures. protomers (5s), pentamers (14s), and shell-like structures (75 to 85s) can be detected after prolonged incubation in the extracts. proteolytic cleavage of capsid precursor proteins ... | 1982 | 6294338 |
| encephalomyocarditis virus as a probe of errors in macromolecular synthesis in aging mice. | a viral probe was used in attempts to develop an in vivo test of the hypothesis that cellular senescence is accompanied by an increased rate of errors in macromolecular synthesis. young and senescent balb/cnnia mice were infected with encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. no differences in pattern of infection or titers of virus in brain and heart were observed between the two age groups. the yield of virus in control experiments was shown to be reduced by growth in the presence of 5-fluorouracil or ... | 1982 | 6294419 |
| effect of interferon on the production of hbsag and induction of an antiviral state in human hepatoma cell line plc/prf/5. | the effects of human alpha and beta interferons (ifn) on the production of hbsag by plc/prf/5 cells, an hbsag-producing human hepatoma cell line, were studied in the exponential and stationary phases of cell growth. when exponential phase cells were treated with 100 or 1,000 u of ifn per ml for 48 hr. the amount of hbsag in the culture medium decreased. the number of cells and the synthesis of dna and proteins were also reduced by the ifn treatment. these results suggested that ifn did not affe ... | 1982 | 6294485 |
| [initiation of rna synthesis by the encephalomyocarditis virus in a cell-free system and the possible participation of vpg protein in this process]. | 1982 | 6295728 | |
| insulin receptors in virus-induced diabetes mellitus in mice. | quantitative estimations were made of insulin receptors on liver cell membrane of dba/2 mice infected with m variant of encephalomyocarditis virus. the virus produced an impairment of glucose metabolism on day 3 of infection, which lasted for 5 months. the fasting plasma insulin concentration was markedly decreased on day 14. the specific binding of 125-i insulin to the membrane receptor was significantly decreased on day 3 of infection. the binding inhibitions were stronger in male mice than in ... | 1982 | 6295750 |
| cordycepin analogues of 2-5a and its derivatives. chemical synthesis and biological activity. | cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) analogues of 2-5a were prepared by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-induced polymerization of cordycepin 5'-monophosphate. a series of oligomers of the general formula p5'(3'da)-2'[p5'(3'da)]n (n = 1-5) was obtained. cordycepin trimer 5'-monophosphate (n = 2) and cordycepin tetramer 5'-monophosphate (n = 3) were converted to the corresponding 5'-di- and triphosphates via the phosphorimidazolide method. confirmation of assigned structures was provided through enzyme digesti ... | 1983 | 6296109 |
| processing of the encephalomyocarditis virus capsid precursor protein studied in rabbit reticulocyte lysates incubated with n-formyl-[35s]methionine-trnafmet. | translation of encephalomyocarditis virus rna in rabbit reticulocyte lysates in the presence of n-formyl-[(35)s]methionine-trna(f) (met) revealed that a small polypeptide is cleaved from the n-terminus of the capsid protein precursor, prea, by virus-coded protease activity. therefore, this n-terminal segment comprising the translation initiation site is not conserved in any of the mature capsid proteins. | 1983 | 6296450 |
| discriminatory inhibition of protein synthesis in cell-free systems by vaccinia virus transcripts. | the effect of vaccinia virus early transcripts on cellular (globin, hela, chinese hamster ovary) and viral (vaccinia, encephalomyocarditis) mrna function was studied in reticulocyte and wheat germ cell-free protein-synthesizing systems. vaccinia virus transcripts of two size classes (8-10 s and 4-7 s), generated in vitro by viral cores, inhibited function of cellular and encephalomyocarditis virus mrna but not that of vaccinia virus in reticulocyte lysate systems. mild alkaline hydrolysis or mic ... | 1983 | 6296875 |
| competition for cellular receptor sites among selected aphthoviruses. | the competition between different types of aphthoviruses (foot-and-mouth disease virus [fmdv]) for receptor site utilization was determined. the southern african territories (sat) types of fmdv absorbed poorly to bhk-21 cells as measured by a radioactivity binding assay but grew to relatively high titers on these cells. on bk cells, however, all three sat types bound well and competed with each other for receptor sites. in addition, unlabeled fmdv types a12 and o1b were able to completely inhibi ... | 1982 | 6297430 |
| virus-induced diabetes mellitus in mice and the thymus-dependent immune system. | the present study concerns the effect of the experimental diabetogenic encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus on normal and athymic nude mice of balb/c origin. the effect of simultaneous immunosuppressive pharmacological treatment with a derivative of cyclophosphamide in a relatively low dose (3 mg/mouse) was also studied. after inoculation with emc virus, 36% of the normal mice, but none of the nude mice, developed diabetes mellitus and 93% of the normal mice, but none of the nude mice, developed par ... | 1983 | 6298043 |
| human interferon-alpha-and-gamma-mediated inhibition of retrovirus production in the absence of an inhibitory effect on vesicular stomatitis virus and encephalomyocarditis virus replication in rd-114 cells. | rd-114 line is a human sarcoma cell line chronically infected with rd-114 retrovirus. treatment of these cells with increasing doses of human interferon-alpha or -gamma resulted in increasing inhibition of rd-114 virus production. surprisingly, the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus and encephalomyocarditis virus, in these cells and in the parental rd cells which are not infected with the retrovirus, was insensitive to interferon treatment. unlike reported differences in other properties ... | 1983 | 6299008 |
| the position of polypeptide g on the encephalomyocarditis virus polyprotein cleavage map. | the two-dimensional mapping of tryptic peptides of encephalomyocarditis virus-specific proteins has demonstrated that the amino acid sequence of non-structural polypeptide g constitutes a portion of the molecule of a precursor of capsid proteins, polypeptide a. the results of pulse-chase in vitro translation experiments strongly suggest that polypeptide g corresponds to a c-terminal moiety of polypeptide a. variations in the polyprotein cleavage maps of different picornaviruses are briefly discu ... | 1983 | 6299792 |
| antiviral effects of human fibroblast interferon from escherichia coli against encephalomyocarditis virus infection of squirrel monkeys. | recombinant dna methodology has allowed the production of human fibroblast interferon (ifn-beta) from escherichia coli and this material, in highly purified form, has been shown to reduce viraemia and mortality in encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus-infected squirrel monkeys. these effects are dose related: six treatments over 4 days at 10(6) u/kg and 3 x 10(3) u/kg have comparable efficacy, whereas treatments at 10(3) u/kg are ineffective. the recombinant dna-derived ifn-beta appears to be as effe ... | 1983 | 6300291 |
| virus-induced diabetes mellitus. xxv. difference in the rna fingerprints of diabetogenic and non-diabetogenic variants of encephalomyocarditis virus. | 1983 | 6300311 | |
| protein-rna interaction in encephalomyocarditis virus as revealed by uv light-induced covalent linkages. | uv irradiation of encephalomyocarditis virus led to an increase in the buoyant density of the virus in cscl gradients from 1.34 to 1.46 g/cm3. heat treatment of the irradiated virus (20 min at 54 degrees c) reduced the density to 1.40 g/cm3 and led to the loss of approximately 55% of the labeled rna from the virions. the non-irradiated virions were converted by such heating into empty capsids. irradiation also resulted in an increase in the accessibility of rna inside the virions to the action o ... | 1983 | 6300446 |
| gdvii and da isolates of theiler's virus: proteins attached to the 5' end of the rna are bound covalently to the same nucleotides. | gdvii and da picornaviruses, which represent two biologically distinct subgroups of theiler's murine encephalomyelitis viruses, were analyzed to detect the presence of a rna-linked protein, vpg. it was found that the single-stranded rna genomes isolated from the virions of both viruses contain a protein of approximately 7,000 daltons, which is covalently linked to the 5' end of the rna. like in other picornaviruses (e.g., poliovirus and encephalomyocarditis virus), the terminal nucleotide adjace ... | 1983 | 6300451 |
| xyloadenosine analogue of (a2'p)2a inhibits replication of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2. | molecules of the structure ppp(a2'p)2a containing a 2' leads to 5' phosphodiester bond, commonly abbreviated as 2-5a, are synthesized in interferon-treated virally-infected cells and have been implicated in several systems as contributing to interferon's antiviral activity. the 2-5a binds to and subsequently activates an endogenous endonuclease, ultimately resulting in degradation of rna. we have been interested in the use of 2-5a analogues to achieve antiviral activity without the use of interf ... | 1983 | 6300696 |
| virus-induced diabetes: cytomegalovirus and multiple environmental insults. | 1983 | 6301914 | |
| a sialoglycopeptide from human erythrocytes with receptor-like properties for encephalomyocarditis and influenza viruses. | encephalomyocarditis and influenza viruses attach to human erythrocytes causing haemagglutination. the receptor for both viruses on these cells is the major membrane sialoglycoprotein, glycophorin, solubilized preparations of which inhibit haemagglutination by either virus. we show here that glycophorin preparations inhibited haemagglutination of both viruses, even after the preparations were digested with chymotrypsin. to determine which component(s) in the digest exhibited activity, peptides s ... | 1983 | 6302211 |
| [formation of immune (gamma) interferon induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin and phytohemagglutinin]. | some conditions of production of human and mouse immune interferon induced by phytohemagglutinin and a national preparation of staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) were studied. the latter was shown to be suitable for use as an inducer of this type of interferon. production of mouse immune interferon could be increased by using a mixture of spleen and peritoneal exudate cells. interferon production induced by sea was also higher in spleen cells of mice immunized with bcg. | 1983 | 6302998 |
| human leukocyte interferon subtypes have different antiproliferative and antiviral activities on human cells. | the antigrowth effects of 5 different cloned human leukocyte ifn subtypes (ifn-alpha a, b, c, d, f) and 2 molecular hybrids between them (ifn-alpha ad(bg1ii) and ifn-alpha da(bg1ii)) were examined on 6 different human cell lines. the results indicate that the interferons sort into two distinct groups: ifn-alpha b, c and f showed comparable antiproliferative activity which was greater than that of ifn-alpha a, d, ad(bg1ii) and da(bg1ii). the interferons could also be assigned to one of two groups ... | 1983 | 6303322 |
| translational barrier in central region of encephalomyocarditis virus genome. modulation by elongation factor 2 (eef-2). | a fractionated cell-free system from krebs-2 cells was prepared which contained ribosomes and a high-speed supernatant. when this system was programmed with encephalomyocarditis virus rna, the synthesis of a precursor of capsid proteins, polypeptide prea, proceeded at a rate not very different from that observed in unfractionated extracts, whereas the synthesis of more distally encoded proteins, in particular polypeptide f, was greatly retarded, if not abolished. a protein was purified from the ... | 1983 | 6303783 |
| unusual requirements for optimum translation of polio viral rna in vitro. | the translation of poliovirion rna (polio rna) in an in vitro fractionated system was much less efficient than that of encephalomyocarditis virion rna (emc rna). in contrast, when polio and emc rnas were added to postmitochondrial cell lysates (s10), they were translated with equal efficiency. however, this equality was observed only when high concentrations of s10 were employed; at lower concentrations, polio rna translation was reduced relative to that of emc rna. these results suggest that bo ... | 1983 | 6304083 |
| permeability to alpha sarcin in virus-infected cells. | incubation of hela cells with encephalomyocarditis virus (emc) induces permeability of the cell membrane to protein toxins, such as alpha sarcin. to induce permeability to this toxin only 5 min incubation of cells with virus is needed. on the other hand, less than 1 min exposure of the susceptible cells to alpha sarcin produces maximal inhibition of protein synthesis. emc virus treated with uv-light, although unable to replicate, can still induce the entrance of alpha sarcin into hela cells, but ... | 1983 | 6304486 |
| electron microscopy of renal and ocular changes in virus-induced diabetes mellitus in mice. | the eyes, kidneys and pancreas of mice (sjl/j) infected with encephalomyocarditis virus were examined by light and electron microscopy. diabetic mice with the longest duration (6 months) of diabetes showed marked renal and ocular alterations. fasting blood glucose levels were 17.8-21.9 mmol/l and glycosuria was present. clinically, based on ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography, retinal vessels were normal. histologically, moderately decreased numbers of pericytes were noted following tryps ... | 1983 | 6305750 |
| effects of glycosidase treatment on the physicochemical properties and biological activity of human interferon-gamma. | highly purified human interferon (ifn)-gamma was treated with a preparation of mixed glycosidases in order to evaluate the effect of carbohydrate depletion on its biological activity, isoelectric point, and molecular size. glycosidase treatment did not reduce the antiviral activity of ifn-gamma in cultures of human fibroblasts and in bat lung cells. no antiviral activity was observed before or after treatment with glycosidases in pig, mink, bovine, murine, and monkey cells. the degree of neutral ... | 1983 | 6305965 |
| defective interfering particles of encephalomyocarditis virus. | encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus and five temperature-sensitive mutants of emc virus were serially passed numerous times in hela, l929 and bhk-21 cells. equilibrium centrifugation in cscl density gradients of virus and electrophoresis of virus rna from many of the high number passages indicated the presence of standard emc virus and particles containing rna of lower molecular weight. three virus isolates with high passage number were able to interfere with the replication of the standard virions ... | 1983 | 6306154 |
| replication of encephalomyocarditis virus in various mammalian cell types. | recently, the biological and biochemical characteristics of emc virus have received considerable attention, but little is known concerning the relative susceptibility of various mammalian cells to emc virus. in this study, a variety of mammalian cell types was evaluated for susceptibility to the m strain of emc virus by comparing peak viral titers, time course of infection, plaquing efficiency, and formation of viral antigens. infection of all murine and guinea pig cell types resulted in substan ... | 1983 | 6306164 |
| virus-induced diabetes in mice. | encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus infects and destroys pancreatic beta cells when inoculated into mice. this results in hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. the development of virus-induced diabetes is dependent on the genetic background of the host and the genetic makeup of the virus. in addition to the acute metabolic changes, animals with diabetes for six months show some long-term complications, including reduced life span, glomerulosclerosis, and ocular changes. the development of virus-induce ... | 1983 | 6306392 |
| inhibition of virus-induced diabetes mellitus by interferon is influenced by the host strain. | the diabetogenic variant of encephalomyocarditis virus (emc-d) induces a diabetes-like syndrome in certain strains of mice. a study was done to determine if virus-induced diabetes could be prevented by interferon (ifn). it was found that the production of diabetes by emc-d was blocked by either ifn beta or a variety of ifn-inducers in swr/j, but not icr swiss mice. the replication of emc-d in cell culture was inhibited by ifn beta. it is concluded that the response of pancreatic beta cells to th ... | 1983 | 6306672 |
| virus-induced diabetes in autoimmune new zealand mice. | infection of autoimmune new zealand mice with the d variant of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus results in beta-cell damage and clinical diabetes. the induction of diabetes in parental nzb and nzw strains was independent of sex. however, the susceptibility to virus-induced diabetes in their f1 offspring was sex dependent. this susceptibility was significantly higher in male (nzb x nzw) f1 mice as compared with female f1 mice. castration of male f1 mice significantly reduced the susceptibility to ... | 1983 | 6307790 |
| virus-induced diabetes mellitus in icr swiss mice is age dependent. | adult male icr swiss mice develop diabetes mellitus when infected with the d variant of encephalomyocarditis virus. it was determined that the disease syndrome caused by the virus in this mouse strain is dependent upon the age of the animals. mice younger than 7 weeks developed lethal encephalitis, whereas those past this age developed diabetes. the susceptibility of young mice to the diabetogenic effects of encephalomyocarditis virus was enhanced by testosterone. | 1983 | 6307884 |
| animal models of cardiomyopathy. | 1983 | 6307896 | |
| encephalomyocarditis virus induced diabetes mellitus in mice: long-term changes in the structure and function of islets of langerhans. | adult male mice infected with the m variant of encephalomyocarditis virus develop hyperglycaemia acutely as a consequence of b cell injury. the severity of the metabolic disease is variable and many animals become normoglycaemic during convalescence. the islets of langerhans of these mice exhibit minor structural changes, but there are no significant abnormalities of insulin and glucagon secretion. in contrast, animals with persistent hyperglycaemia exhibit striking morphological alterations in ... | 1983 | 6309588 |
| effect of interferon on two human choriocarcinoma-derived cell lines. | two cell lines derived from human choriocarcinomas (hccm-5 and bewo) are resistant to several biological effects of human interferon such as inhibition of vsv multiplication and inhibition of cell growth, but they develop a normal antiviral activity against emcv. nevertheless, in both cell lines, 2-5a synthetase and protein kinase are induced by ifn. 2-5a-dependent endonuclease can be measured by two independent methods and 2-5a itself is detected at least in poly(ri):poly(rc)- and ifn-treated b ... | 1983 | 6310868 |
| genetic evidence that action of camp-dependent protein kinase is not an obligatory step for antiviral and antiproliferative effects of human interferon in chinese hamster ovary cells. | several chinese hamster ovary (cho) cell mutants with altered camp-dependent protein kinases were utilized to study the possible involvement of this enzyme in mediating interferon effects in cultured cells. human fibroblast interferon had a pronounced protective effect for cho cells against encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv). this protective effect was also observed in camp-resistant cho mutants with protein kinase defects, although to a slightly lesser extent. emcv, however, which grows well in ... | 1983 | 6310882 |
| encephalomyocarditis virus replication complexes that prefer nucleoside diphosphates as substrates for viral rna synthesis. | replication complexes (rc) containing endogenous viral rna templates and the viral rna polymerase were isolated from encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus-infected krebs ii cells by two different procedures one of which included removal of the bulk of the associated proteins by treatment with 2 m licl. replacement of one or all the four nucleoside triphosphate (ntp) substrates by corresponding nucleoside diphosphates (ndps) did not eliminate the ability of the rc to synthesize viral rna products. mor ... | 1983 | 6312677 |
| cross antigenicity among enteroviruses as revealed by immunoblot technique. | antigenic relationships of various human and two animal picornaviruses were investigated by the immunoblotting ("western blot") technique. the viruses included all coxsackievirus b types (1-6), poliovirus types 1-3, several strains of echovirus 11, emc virus, and fmdv. antisera included human sera and sera from rabbits hyperimmunized with either purified picornaviruses, viral structural polypeptides (vp8), boiled or "sample-boiled" virions. group-specific reactions of various extent were observe ... | 1983 | 6312682 |
| inhibition of feline leukemia virus replication by human leukocyte interferon. | the replication of feline leukemia virus (felv) is inhibited by treatment of cat cell cultures with crude human leukocyte interferon (huifn-alpha) as evidenced by titration of the infectious progeny. the inhibition can be demonstrated in three different cell lines in which the production of hemagglutinin by encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus, and plaque formation by vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) are also inhibited by the huifn-alpha. the dose dependency of the inhibition of emc virus by the hui ... | 1983 | 6312876 |
| antiviral effects of bacteria-derived human leukocyte interferons against encephalomyocarditis virus infection of squirrel monkeys. brief report. | two human leukocyte interferon sub-types (ifn-alpha a and -alpha d) produced in e. coli and a hybrid interferon (ifn-alpha ad[bgl]) consisting of the n-terminal 61 residues of ifn-alpha a and the c-terminal 104 residues of ifn-alpha d were compared for antiviral activity against emc virus infection of squirrel monkeys. marked reduction in viremia and a decrease in the incidence of deaths occurred with highly purified preparations of the recombinant-dna derived interferons. dose response studies ... | 1983 | 6312932 |
| experimentally induced glucose intolerance as model of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. | 1983 | 6313302 | |
| infectivity of liposomally encapsulated nucleic acids isolated from emc virus and scrapie-infected mouse brain. | the ability of liposomes to enhance nucleic acid infectivity in vivo was studied. encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus rna was extracted and encapsulated within liposomes. the infectivity of emc rna was increased by liposomal entrapment after intraperitoneal injection of mice, but decreased after intracerebral injection. in contrast, when nucleic acids from scrapie-infected brains were entrapped in liposomes and injected into mice by one of four routes, no cases of scrapie were observed. this is the ... | 1983 | 6313546 |
| animal models of diabetes mellitus: physiology and pathology. | 1983 | 6314046 | |
| relationship of interferon-inducing particle phenotype to encephalomyocarditis virus-induced diabetes mellitus. | the b (nondiabetogenic) and d (diabetogenic) variants of encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus were studied to further define the role of the interferon (ifn) system in murine virus-induced diabetes mellitus. the relationship between the initial multiplicity of infection with emc-b and the ifn yield showed that cells infected with one ifn-inducing particle produce a maximum amount of ifn, whereas ifn production is suppressed in cells infected with two or more particles. the ifn yield induced by emc-d ... | 1983 | 6315581 |
| coordinated therapeutic effects of immune modulators and interferon. | immune modulators injected 24 h before encephalomyocarditis virus significantly increase antiviral resistance in mice when interferon is administered 1 h after the virus. these immune modulators can be crude bacterial extracts or synthetic drugs. in some cases, the responses are additive; in others, they are clearly cooperative. to protect the mice against the development of 180 tg crocker sarcomas, the association of bacterial extracts and interferon is highly effective under the condition that ... | 1983 | 6315585 |
| electrocardiographic findings in experimental murine myocarditis--arrhythmias in the chronic stage. | we studied serial electrocardiographic changes in murine myocarditis due to encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus. after taking control electrocardiograms using standard extremity and 2 precordial leads, 86 mice were intraperitoneally inoculated with a 0.1 ml of the m variant of emc virus suspension containing 100 tcid50. electrocardiograms were recorded everyday from the 2nd to the 14th day, and thereafter once every 3-5 days until the 35th day. the cumulative incidence of myocarditis was 90% (77 ou ... | 1983 | 6315986 |
| right ventricular aneurysms complicating encephalomyocarditis virus myocarditis in mice. | inbred strains of balb/c, c3h/he and dba/2 mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with the m variant of encephalomyocarditis virus with a titer of 100 tcd50 per 0.1 ml and followed up to the 8th month. right ventricular aneurysms were noticed in 7 hearts of these 647 mice (1.1%) sacrificed from 8 to 10 months after inoculation with the virus. myocardial fibers of the right ventricle were destroyed transmurally and fibrosis was found in the chronic stage. this study demonstrated that viral myocar ... | 1983 | 6315987 |
| effect of the adjuvant dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide on the humoral and cellular immune responses to encephalomyocarditis virus. | the effects of the adjuvant dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (dda) on the immune responses to encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus were studied in mice. the humoral response, as measured by appearance of neutralizing antibodies, was slightly enhanced in mice immunized by the intraperitoneal route. intracutaneously, dda almost did not affect the humoral response but resulted in distinct enhancement of delayed type hypersensitivity (dh), as measured by the footpad swelling test. dh to emc virus w ... | 1983 | 6316848 |
| viruses in the pathogenesis of type i diabetes. | 1983 | 6317287 | |
| role of cellular immunity in the pathogenesis of type i diabetes. | 1983 | 6317288 | |
| induction of 2',5' oligo(a) synthetase in tumor-bearing mice with encephalomyocarditis (emc) virus or poly(i)poly(c). | infection of 13 month-old c3h mice with emc virus or inoculation with the interferon inducer poly(i)poly(c) results in elevated levels of the enzyme 2',5' oligo(a) synthetase only in animals with spontaneous tumors (breast cancer or hepatomas). high enzymatic activities are detected in homogenates from liver, spleen, plasma and neoplastic cells of the animals with breast carcinomas and only in the neoplastic liver cells of the animals with hepatomas. | 1983 | 6317439 |
| the binding of insulin to mouse leucocytes during viral infections. | the effect of viral infections on insulin binding in vivo was evaluated by measuring the binding of 125i-insulin to several different tissues. we found that splenic leucocytes from mice infected with either the diabetogenic (d) or non-diabetogenic (b) variants of encephalomyocarditis virus, herpes simplex virus, or lactic dehydrogenase virus showed up to a 130% increase in insulin binding. as much as a 300% increase in the binding of 125i-insulin to splenic leucocytes was observed in mice given ... | 1983 | 6319215 |