Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| a successful regimen for the prevention of seroconversion after transplantation of a heart positive for hepatitis b surface antigen. | we report a case involving orthotopic heart transplantation in which a recipient, known to be serologically negative for hepatitis b virus infection, received a heart from a donor known before transplantation to be hepatitis b surface antigen positive. the recipient was treated prospectively with a combination of hepatitis b immune globulin and hepatitis b vaccine. after 10 months of follow-up, the recipient has not experienced seroconversion or viremia from hepatitis b virus and has remained wi ... | 1992 | 1386752 |
| hepatitis b vaccination in dialysis patients and nutritional status. | 35 dialysis patients underwent anti-hbv vaccination. we classified patients in responders or non-responders using an anti-hbs titer of 50 ui/l as the discriminating serum level and tried to assess whether the antibody response bears any relationship with the nutritional status. 26 patients (74%) reached the target atb titer, which was maintained during follow-up (average 360 ui/l). the weak response in the other 9, with values never exceeding 20 ui/l, was short-lived. anthropometric and impedenz ... | 1992 | 1386898 |
| hbv infection in hemodialysis patients: monitoring and prevention. | from 1986 to 91, 174 dialysis patients were studied. the prevalence of previous hbv infection and of chronic carriers was 33.3 and 4.6%, respectively. immunization rate after vaccination (3 doses) was 63%. in 1991, we proposed a vaccination with 4 doses and recommend a 6-monthly anti-hbs evaluation to assess the timing of any booster dose needed. | 1992 | 1386899 |
| control of hepatitis b virus infection in dialysis units in latium, italy. | the prevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers was assessed in 1,841/2,178 (84.5%) dialysis patients (dp) cared for in 38/47 dialysis units (80.9%) in latium. among dp, 205 (11.1%) were hbsag positive: 13.8% of males and 7.1% of females (p less than 0.001); the prevalence increased with the length of time on dialysis (p for trend less than 0.001). no differences in hbv (hbsag and/or anti-hbc) distribution were seen related to age and sex. of 664/1,539 vaccinated dp, 150 (22.6%) were anti-hbc ... | 1992 | 1386906 |
| immune response after vaccination with recombinant hepatitis surface antigen in maintenance hemodialysis patients and healthy controls. | we evaluated anti-hbs titers 2 months after vaccination with recombinant hepatitis surface antigen (rdna-hbsag) in 43 maintenance hemodialysis patients (mhp). of these, 34 had not undergone hepatitis b virus vaccination previously (nv-mhp) and 9 had shown negative response to vaccination with plasma-derived hbsag (hevac pasteur; v-mhp). 120 healthy workers from the same hospital undergoing rdna-hbsag immunization were used as controls. all low responders (lr) (anti-hbs less than 100 miu/ml) and ... | 1992 | 1386908 |
| viral hepatitis. preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis. | rational strategies for preventing viral hepatitis are being developed as the epidemiology of the disease is becoming better defined. a vaccine is available only for hepatitis b. other prophylactic strategies are based on avoidance of high-risk behavior and use of immune globulin. universal vaccination for hepatitis b is now recommended. | 1992 | 1388264 |
| immunoelectron microscopic detection of the hepatitis b virus major surface protein in dilated perinuclear membranes of yeast cells. | the major surface protein of hepatitis b virus produced in saccharomyces cerevisiae can be recovered from cell lysates in the form of 22-mm lipoprotein particles. immunoelectron microscopy was applied to investigate site and time of particle assembly. thin sections of yeast cells revealed that production of the s protein provoked a dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum. dilated areas were specifically labeled with a polyclonal antibody raised against glutaraldehyde-treated yeast-derived hbsag pa ... | 1992 | 1388733 |
| hepatitis b antibodies in hiv-infected homosexual men are associated with more rapid progression to aids. | to study the influence of previous or present hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection on hiv disease progression. | 1992 | 1388879 |
| mammalian bites: risk and management. | human and animal bites can result in bacterial infection of the wound, and may be associated with the transmission of viral pathogens, including blood borne pathogens. the management of bite injuries requires local wound care, antibiotics if appropriate and prophylaxis against transmission of tetanus and viral pathogens including hepatitis b virus. a review of bite injuries and management is presented. | 1992 | 1388957 |
| occupational and non-occupational hepatitis b virus infection among hospital employees in jerusalem: a basis for immunisation strategy. | the present study was designed to assess the risk of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection among hospital employees, who often contract the infection before the beginning of their employment, and to suggest a prevention strategy. the study population consisted of 2518 subjects working or studying at the two hadassah university hospitals, on mount scopus and at ein kerem in jerusalem. the total prevalence for anti-hbc positivity as an indicator for past or present hbv infection was 17.6%. several var ... | 1992 | 1390267 |
| large scale production and characterization of lyophilized pyridoxalated hemoglobin-polyoxyethylene (php). | lyophilized php as an oxygen carrier is prepared from outdated red cell and dicarboxymethylated polyoxyethylene. in order to apply php for a clinical use, a large scale production of high quality php has been studied. we have set up a 20 l scale production flow of php88. the product was tested to confirm the quality and lot-to-lot consistency. the blood group specific materials were weakly positive in stroma-free hemoglobin (sfh), however, were found negative in the php of this scale. the amount ... | 1992 | 1391459 |
| mutation of the core region of hbv-dna and submassive hepatic necrosis in patients with anti-hbe-positive chronic hepatitis b. | three patients with submassive hepatic necrosis developed acute liver failure during the severe reactivation of chronic hepatitis b. the activity of hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna polymerase increased in all three patients immediately before the onset of hepatic failure. liver biopsy specimens obtained before and after the episode of submassive hepatic necrosis showed progression to advanced liver cirrhosis. the nucleotide sequences of the precore and core regions of hbv-dna were investigated in tw ... | 1992 | 1391728 |
| risk factors and association with hbv infection in chronic c hepatitis. | the route of transmission in more than 50% of the patients with hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is unknown. only a minority of patients have had a previous blood transfusion; sporadic spread seems to be much more important, although the role of inapparent parenteral exposure is yet to be established. aim of this study was to investigate if a relationship exists between history for exposure to known risk factors, concurrent hbv status and histological findings (presence of cirrhosis) in patient ... | 1992 | 1392025 |
| [current status of research on sort-term turn to the negative of serial biological markers in the patients with hepatitis b by traditional chinese medicine]. | 1992 | 1392487 | |
| dangers of immunosuppressive therapy in hepatitis b virus carriers. | to identify the risk of hepatic failure in hepatitis b virus (hbv) carriers given intermittent immunosuppressive therapy. | 1992 | 1393929 |
| [asymptomatic hepatitis b virus infection among the elderly]. | the hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection usually occurs during infancy and children. to elucidate how the infection changes during the elderly life, 2233 residents were surveyed and among them 440 individuals with the age of 60-96 years were centered for analysis. the infection in the elderly was decreasing. hbsag prevalence (5.0%) and titer (3.5 +/- 2.3) were getting lower, nearly all hbeag seroconverted to anti-hbe, and the infection might be cleared at last. however, the hbv antibody prevalence ... | 1992 | 1394385 |
| study on the mechanisms of chronicity of hepatitis b infection. | 1992 | 1395836 | |
| elimination of immune tolerance to hepatitis virus in an animal model. | four-day old ducklings were infected with duck hepatitis b virus to simulate perinatal transmission of hepatitis b virus. immune tolerance was characterized as persistent viremia, antigenemia, without detection of anti-dhbs or anti-dhbc. a synthetic peptide, p125-146, mimicking one of the epitopes of the native dhbv pre-s protein was used to cross-link to tetanus toxoid or phytohemagglutinin. these 'novel' antigens were used to immunize immune tolerant ducks, aimed at bypassing t cell tolerance. ... | 1992 | 1395838 |
| hepatitis d virus infection in liver tissues of patients with hepatitis b in china. | 2,346 liver samples from 17 cities of china for intrahepatic hepatitis d antigen (hdag) were studied by direct enzyme-labelled technique. hdag was detected in 167 out of 1,764 samples of hbsag positive individuals making a detection rate of 9.47%. hepatitis d virus (hdv) infection existed in all the examined districts with no significant difference in the hdag detection rate. it was found that the intrahepatic hdag detection rate was related to the pathologic type of the liver disease. the hdag ... | 1992 | 1395839 |
| preliminary report on seroepidemiology of hcv and hbv infection in northern china. | 1 141 serum samples from various population groups in north china were examined for c100-3ab by elisa. antibody to c100-3 antigen derived from hcv genome (c100-3a) and hbsag were measured in 438 normal population in beijing. the c100-3ab positive rate was 2.1% and the hbsag positive rate was 2.5%. there is increased occurrence with age. in 649 cases of chronic liver diseases, the hbsag positive rate was 87.1% in chronic persistent hepatitis (cpa), 88.8% in chronic active hepatitis (cah), 64.9% i ... | 1992 | 1395840 |
| ultrastructural study on extrahepatic infection of duck hepatitis b virus in ducks. | kidney and pancreas tissues from congenitally infected ma ducks with duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv) were examined by immunohistochemical staining technique and electron microscopy. the immunostaining showed that dhbv antigen was localized in the cytoplasm of tubular epithelial cells of kidney and acinar cells of pancreas of infected ducks. under electron microscope, we found that complete and incomplete dhbv particles existed in the dilated cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum of both the cel ... | 1992 | 1395841 |
| [chinese strategies for hepatitis b virus markers screening in hepatitis b vaccination based on cost-effectiveness analysis]. | by means of decision tree model and cost-effectiveness analysis 15 kinds of programmes which may be used for hepatitis b virus markers screening in vaccination were evaluated. the results showed that the most cost-effective alternative was to identify the negatives for anti-hbc again after testing for anti-hbs and vaccinating all test negatives. that is to say it must not be adopted for persons to be tested for hbsag, anti-hbs and anti-hbc before being vaccinated. sensitivity and threshold analy ... | 1992 | 1395956 |
| effects of interferon-alpha therapy on serum and liver hbv dna in patients with chronic hepatitis b. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of interferon-alpha therapy on serum and liver hbv dna in 20 patients with chronic hepatitis b and to correlate the presence or absence of hbv dna with the clinical response. there were 11 responders and all lost hbv dna from the serum. ten of the 11 were followed for 36 months following ifn treatment and remained well with absence of hbeag and hbv dna from the serum and with normal alt. five also lost hbsag. hbv dna became undetectable in the liv ... | 1992 | 1395992 |
| sensitivity of seven commercial assays in the detection of hepatitis b virus type 2-like infection. | two hundred serum samples taken from patients with hepatitis b virus type 2-like infections were tested with seven commercial enzyme immunoassay methods for detection of hbsag. positive results were obtained with all methods in some samples, the rate of detection of hbsag ranging from 9% to 90% for the different methods. a direct correlation was found between the analytical sensitivity of a method and its ability to yield positive results. it is suggested that these findings should be taken into ... | 1992 | 1396776 |
| fibrosing cytolytic liver failure secondary to recurrent hepatitis b after liver transplantation. | four patients who underwent transplantation for hepatitis b virus-related liver disease developed rapidly progressive liver failure attributable to recurrent hepatitis b disease typified by hyperbilirubinemia and distinctive hepatocyte ballooning and progressive fibrosis consistent with recently reported fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis. among these four patients, the mean interval from transplantation to redocumentation of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and hepatitis b e antigen (hbeag) was ... | 1992 | 1397890 |
| antiviral effect of prolonged intermittent lymphoblastoid alpha interferon treatment in chronic hepatitis b. | in a european multicentre study 40 patients with hbeag positive chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection were treated with 5 mega units of lymphoblastoid alpha-interferon daily according to the following regimen: a four week primer course, four weeks of rest and a second course lasting 16 to 30 weeks. after 52 weeks of follow up, a response (hbeag seroconversion and hbv-dna negativity) was observed in 22 patients (55%). hbsag seroconversion occurred in five patients (12.5%). one patient exhibit ... | 1992 | 1398234 |
| a pilot study of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine for the treatment of chronic hepatitis b. | the nucleoside analog 2',3'-dideoxyinosine, currently being used to treat patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, has been shown to inhibit viral replication in certain cell culture systems of hepatitis b virus and the duck model of chronic hepatitis b infection. we studied the effect of dideoxyinosine on viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis b. in the initial dose-finding phase, patients received sequential 2-wk courses of dideoxyinosine in escalating doses of 3, ... | 1992 | 1398494 |
| laboratory techniques in the diagnosis and assessment of hepatitis b virus infection. | 1992 | 1398664 | |
| polymerase chain reaction based diagnostic assay for identification of hepatitis b virus. | a highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based diagnostic assay was developed to detect the presence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) in human serum. the assay involved amplification of hbv dna sequences using primers specific to hbv. this in vitro enzymatic amplification technique, when used in combination with molecular hybridization assay can detect hbv genome in the patient's serum, with a higher degree of sensitivity than achieved with dot blot assay. the assay can identify samples cont ... | 1992 | 1398804 |
| phlebotomy practices/needles stick injuries/hepatitis b status/among interns in a dublin hospital. | needlestick injury is the most important risk event for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) transmission to health-care workers. we examined phlebotomy practices, the frequency of needle stick injuries, the reporting of such injuries and hepatitis b status among interns in st james's hospital during a six month period. this study took the form of a questionnaire. the response rate was 100%. 72% had at least one needlestick injury during this time period, 23% had injuri ... | 1992 | 1399472 |
| hemophilia a. | over the past few years considerable progress has been made in elucidating the molecular genetics of hemophilia a, in carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis, and in the production of safer clotting factor concentrates. recombinant fviii, shown to be safe and effective in ongoing prelicensure clinical trials that began in the spring of 1987, should soon be licensed and commercially available. there is now considerable interest in beginning prophylactic therapy regimens at 1 or 2 years of age, i ... | 1992 | 1400070 |
| detection of hepatitis b pre-core mutant by allele specific polymerase chain reaction. | development of a specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay for detection of the pre-core, stop codon, mutant of hepatitis b virus (hbv). | 1992 | 1401178 |
| immunohistological study of intrahepatic expression of hepatitis b core and e antigens in chronic type b hepatitis. | to study the intrahepatic expression of hepatitis b virus (hbv) nucleocapsid antigen; and to determine the differential distribution of hepatitis b core and e antigens in chronic hepatitis b. | 1992 | 1401209 |
| [correlation between hepatitis b virus infection and chronic liver disease in okinawa]. | in okinawa prefecture, prevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) among blood donors is 3.5% and is twice as high as the average for the whole of japan (1.5%), and is the highest in japan (p less than 0.005). in contrast, mortality rates of both liver cirrhosis (lc) and primary liver cancer (plc) in okinawa are the lowest in japan. many epidemiological studies have shown that the positive rate of hbsag correlates with mortality rate of plc. to elucidate the cause of this epidemiological d ... | 1992 | 1402058 |
| phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin a activate hepatitis b virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from 25 patients with chronic hepatitis b were tested for the presence of free monomeric hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna migrating as a single 3.2 kb band by southern blot analysis. the pbmc were cultured for 7 days in the presence of phytohemagglutinin (pha) or concanavalin a (cona) both of which yielded a proliferative response. by contrast, both bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) and interleukin 2 (il2) failed to do so. dot blot assays were used to monito ... | 1992 | 1402824 |
| concurrent hepatitis c virus and hepatitis delta virus superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | since hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis delta virus (hdv) are transmitted by the same routes as hepatitis b virus (hbv), simultaneous or concurrent hcv and hdv infection in patients with chronic hbv infection may occur. to test this hypothesis and to examine the clinicohistological and immunopathological presentations of such multiple hepatitis virus infections, acute and/or convalescent serum specimens from 86 patients with acute hdv superinfection were tested by enzyme immunoassay for anti ... | 1992 | 1402827 |
| dideoxyinosine for chronic hepatitis b infection. | six patients positive for both human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and hepatitis b were studied to assess the effect of dideoxyinosine (ddi) on hepatitis b virus (hbv) replication. two patients died during the follow-up period and four had at least 8 weeks of therapy. one patient demonstrated hbv dna suppression and became transiently negative. in the remaining five patients, there was no appreciable change in hbv dna levels during ddi therapy. ddi was well tolerated in all patients, the only sig ... | 1992 | 1402828 |
| chronic hepatitis b in adopted romanian children. | four of five romanian orphans adopted by u.s. families were found to have chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection after negative test results were reported in romania before adoption. another child with known hbv infection was found to be coinfected with hepatitis d virus. there is a high incidence of hbv infection in romanian orphans, and results of tests for hbv are unreliable in romania. | 1992 | 1403391 |
| [nucleotide sequences of hbsag in japan]. | 1992 | 1404907 | |
| [analysis of mutations in precore and core regions of hbv genome by pcr]. | 1992 | 1404908 | |
| immunological study of the association between hepatocyte damage and hbc antigen. | to identify the target antigen during hepatocyte damage in hepatitis type b virus (hbv) infections, the expression of hbc and hbs antigens, and beta 2-microglobulin (bmg) were studied in liver tissue. serial changes of serum dna-polymerase (dna-p) activity and hbv dna were also measured. after the onset of acute hepatitis, hbs antigen in liver tissues was observed from many patients; but hbc antigen was rarely detected. in liver tissues of patients with chronic hepatitis, hbs antigen was consist ... | 1992 | 1405434 |
| an enzyme-linked (alkaline phosphatase) oligonucleotide probe for the detection of serum hepatitis b virus dna. | serum hbv-dna detection represents a new and important diagnostic tool for the hepatologist, as well as a prognostic and therapeutic guide. though most laboratories use genomic radioactive probes, the appearance of commercially available enzyme-linked oligonucleotide probes, which simplify the method, represents an advance in hbv-dna detection. in order to verify the value of an enzyme-linked (alkaline phosphatase) oligonucleotide probe in hbv-dna detection, we have first compared the results of ... | 1992 | 1406081 |
| condoms as primary prevention in sexually active women. | the origin of the word condom is the subject of some debate, but the use of a linen sheath as a preventive measure for venereal disease was noted in the writings of fallopius in 1564. in recent years condom sales have increased, and in a sample of san francisco male homosexuals consistent condom use was reported to have increased from 26% to 79% between 1984 and 1987. condom sales in drugstores increased by over 20% from 1986 to 1987, with women being responsible for an estimated 40-50% of us ... | 1992 | 1406110 |
| generation of digoxigenin-labelled double-stranded and single-stranded probes using the polymerase chain reaction. | as the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) can be used for the generation of vector-free probes, the optimum conditions for incorporation of digoxigenin-11-dutp into hepatitis b virus (hbv) probes have been investigated. high yields of double-stranded or single-stranded probes can be obtained by utilizing a pair of primers or one primer alone. the probes were tested by dot-blot hybridization on hbv plasmid dna, slot-blot hybridization on total cellular rna of alexander cells and southern blot hybrid ... | 1992 | 1406727 |
| [incidence of hepatitis b, c and d infection in chronic liver diseases]. | the authors tested hepatitis b (hbsag, anti-hbs, anti-hbc, igm anti-hbc, hbe, anti-hbe), c (anti-hcv) and d (anti-hd, igm anti-hd) virus markers in the sera of 204 patients, who suffered from histologically confirmed chronic liver diseases (age: 18-72, average: 46.8 y) by sorin biomedica ria and abbott elisa kits. on the basis of detailed virus serological tests, they obtained data indicating viral etiology in 62% of the cases. 33.3% of the patients were anti-hcv, 52.5% of the patients were hbv ... | 1992 | 1408083 |
| prevention of hepatitis b virus infection in the united states: a pediatric perspective. | 1992 | 1408488 | |
| [hepatitis b virus dna polymerase activity in various clinical forms of hbv infection]. | the aim of the study was to test the clinical value of hbv dna polymerase (dnap) determination in patients with various forms of hbv infection, namely: acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and healthy hbv carriers. the determination of dnap was found to be particularly useful in patients with chronic hbv infection with active virus replication (hbeag+) independent of histopathological changes. | 1992 | 1408993 |
| sero-prevalence of hepatitis b infection among dental professionals. | dental employees in government institutions in a state in peninsular malaysia were screened for exposure to hepatitis b virus (hbv) in 1989. almost all (96.8%) of the 217 employees responded. one quarter (24.8%) was positive for at least one serological markers to hbv; 2.4% had hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and 22.4% had anti-body to hbsag (anti-hbs). the presence of hbsag was unrelated to age, sex, ethnicity, geographical locality and occupations of the subjects. the prevalence of anti-hb ... | 1992 | 1411666 |
| a survey of hepatitis b surface antigen-positive blood donors: degree of understanding and action taken after notification. | all blood donors in the united states are tested for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) upon donation; if the test result is positive, the primary method of notification is by letter. to assess the effectiveness of this notification methods in stimulating hbsag-positive donors to seek medical care and take preventive measures, 54 donors who tested hbsag-positive on donation at the american red cross blood services. atlanta region, from january 1987 to july 1989 were interviewed. thirty-nine don ... | 1992 | 1412675 |
| risk factors associated with hepatitis b or c markers or elevated alanine aminotransferase level among blood donors on a tropical island: the guadeloupe experience. | donated blood is currently screened for hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag), antibody to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc), antibody to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv), and alanine aminotransferase (alt) levels to prevent posttransfusion hepatitis. a prospective study of 2368 blood donors was carried out in guadeloupe (french west indies) with a view to determining the risk factors associated with serologic abnormalities. blood donors included in the study had to complete a questionnaire. statist ... | 1992 | 1412685 |
| prevalence of hepatitis b, hepatitis delta, and human immunodeficiency virus infections in omani patients with renal diseases. | patients treated at the royal hospital in oman during january-june 1991 were divided in 3 groups. the 1st group included 103 patients (49 males, 54 females, with a mean of 39 years) who attended the nephrology clinic and none of whom were on dialysis. in the 2nd group there were 102 patients (46 males, 56 females, with a mean age of 42 years) on regular hemodialysis (with a mean duration of 35 months) because of end-stage renal failure. the 3rd group comprised 82 kidney transplant patients ( ... | 1992 | 1412910 |
| replication capacities of natural and artificial precore stop codon mutants of hepatitis b virus: relevance of pregenome encapsidation signal. | the emergence of hepatitis b virus variants unable to express hbe protein during late stage of viral infection may represent an important mechanism of viral persistence. the molecular mechanisms responsible for the elimination of hbe expression are nonsense or frameshift mutations or initiation codon mutations in part of its coding sequence, the precore region. so far only 2 of the 29 precore amino acid codons have been found mutated to stop codons in nature, although a total of 10 codons are co ... | 1992 | 1413504 |
| characterization of the hepatitis b virus x- and nucleocapsid gene transcriptional regulatory elements. | the regulatory dna sequence elements that control the expression of the hepatitis b virus x- and nucleocapsid genes in the differentiated human hepatoma cell lines, huh7, hep3b, plc/prf/5, and hepg2, the dedifferentiated human hepatoma cell line, hepg2.1, and the human cervical carcinoma cell line, hela s3, were analyzed using transient transfection assays. in this system, the hepatitis b virus enhancer i located between coordinates 1071 (-239) and 1238 (-72) increases transcription from the x-g ... | 1992 | 1413508 |
| hepatitis b virus-dna transfected myeloma cell-specific cytotoxic t cells in chronic hepatitis b patients. | to study the mechanisms of hepatitis b virus (hbv)-induced chronic hepatitis (b-ch), we took chronic hepatitis b patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) and examined their cytotoxic activities against human myeloma cells (arh77) transfected by hbv-dna. two different transfected cells, one expressing hbv envelope antigens (s6) and the other expressing hbv core antigens (c4), were prepared and used as targets in the in vitro cytotoxic test. we found that pbl of b-ch patients had specific cyto ... | 1992 | 1413509 |
| functional organization of enhancer (enii) of hepatitis b virus. | a new enhancer enii, located in the x open reading frame and immediately upstream of the core gene promoter, has recently been identified in the genome of hepatitis b virus. we have studied the functional constituents of this new enhancer in different cell lines. enii can be divided into two functional elements, a and b, corresponding to two major binding sequences for nuclear protein factors. element a alone gave very low activity; however, it was a modulatory element important for cell-type sp ... | 1992 | 1413522 |
| [carriage of the hepatitis b virus surface antigen as one of the unfavorable prognostic factors in breast cancer]. | 1992 | 1413719 | |
| [occupational transmission by hiv and by hepatitis b virus. attitude of belgian surgeons and anesthetists. an opinion survey]. | risk of professional transmission of hepatitis b is known since the seventies. recently the possibility of hiv transmission during surgical practice was demonstrated. it was interesting to assess belgian surgeons and anesthetists opinion about this risk and about the precautions taken. an opinion survey was performed with a representative sample of belgian surgeons and orthopedists (340) as well as anesthetists (100). risks of transmission of hiv and possible elementary precautions are not well ... | 1992 | 1414130 |
| histologic changes in chinese patients with chronic hepatitis b virus infection after interferon-alpha therapy. | to evaluate the histologic effects of interferon-alpha (ifn alpha) therapy on chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection, a semiquantitative study using a modified knodell's numeric histologic scoring system was performed on paired pre- and post-treatment liver biopsy specimens from 127 adult chinese patients from two trials of ifn alpha therapy (ifn alpha, n = 86; control, n = 41). the effects of ifn alpha therapy on the hepatic expression of hbv antigens were also determined using immunohistoch ... | 1992 | 1415022 |
| long-term immunogenicity and efficacy of hepatitis b vaccine in hemodialysis patients. | although the efficacy of hepatitis b vaccines in patients under chronic hemodialysis treatment has been well documented, the persistence of immunity in this population remains largely unknown. in this study we have followed 60 hemodialysis patients up to 3 years after primary hepatitis b vaccination (four doses of recombinant hepatitis b vaccine; engerix b, 20 mg/dose) to evaluate the persistence of immunity (as indicated by serum levels of antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen-anti-hbs-higher ... | 1992 | 1415374 |
| inhibition of intrahepatic hepatitis b virus replication by antiviral drugs in a novel transgenic mouse model. | transgenic mice which carry the integrated human hepatitis b virus (hbv) genome and produce hbv particles in the liver were treated with antiviral compounds, and the amount of viral dna in the liver and serum was monitored by southern analyses. mouse alpha interferon (200,000 u per injection, twice daily for 3 days) and a novel nucleoside, oxetanocin g (15 mg/kg of body weight per injection, twice daily for 7 days), inhibited viral dna synthesis in the liver almost completely. this animal model ... | 1992 | 1416898 |
| effects of phyllanthus plant extracts on duck hepatitis b virus in vitro and in vivo. | the effects of extracts of five australian phyllanthus species (p. hirtellus, p. gunnii, p. gasstroemii, p. similis and p. tenellus), other plant extracts and the antiviral drug foscarnet on duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv) endogenous dna polymerase (dnap) activity were compared. all 5 phyllanthus species caused 50% inhibition at concentrations of dry weight between 350-800 micrograms/ml, which is comparable with the effect described for p. amarus on the dnap of human and woodchuck hepatitis b viru ... | 1992 | 1416905 |
| policies for control of communicable disease in day care centres. | a survey was carried out to identify the availability and quality of guidelines for the prevention and control of communicable disease and procedures in use in child day care centres within the south west thames regional health authority. a sample of 50 day care centres was investigated including those funded by social services and privately funded day care centres. policies for the prevention and control of communicable disease for children and staff showed a wide variation between different ce ... | 1992 | 1417054 |
| immune response to hepatitis b virus surface antigen peptides during hbv infection. | antibody responses of patients with acute (n = 73), fulminant (n = 30) and chronic (n = 51) hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection as well as recovered individuals (n = 7) were studied against three synthetic peptides, pre-s1 amino acids (aa. 12-32), pre-s2 amino acids (aa. 120-145), and s amino acids (aa. 124-147) of the envelope region (hbsag). t cell blastogenic response was investigated in a proportion of the patients (27 acute, nine fulminant, 13 chronic hepatitis and seven recovered individuals ... | 1992 | 1424274 |
| interferon therapy is effective in treatment of hepatitis b-induced polyarthritis. | a patient with acute hepatitis b developed significant polyarthritis. after 10 months of observation he had not cleared the virus and continued to have symptomatic joint problems, with migratory polyarthralgia, tenosynovitis of the left wrist, and a large knee effusion. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna levels were measured in the synovial fluid and were found to be virtually identical to serum levels, indicating the potential infectivity of this fluid. the pati ... | 1992 | 1425077 |
| detection of hepatitis b virus dna in chronic carriers by the polymerase chain reaction. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect hepatitis b virus dna (hbv-dna) in serum samples of 104 chronic hbv carriers. of 22 patients positive for both hbv surface (hbsag) and hbve (hbeag) antigens, seven were positive for hbv-dna on dot blot hybridisation, and all 22 positive in the pcr. of 41 hbsag positive patients who had antibodies against hbeag (anti-hbe), only three were positive for dna-hbv on dot blot hybridisation, however dna was detected in 30 of them with the pcr. simi ... | 1992 | 1425735 |
| [high prevalence of hepatitis b after heart transplantation: absence of evidence for transfusional transmission]. | 1992 | 1426822 | |
| in situ characterization of mononuclear cell phenotype in intrahepatic lymphoid follicles in patients with chronic viral hepatitis. | the author examined liver biopsy specimens obtained from 596 patients with chronic viral hepatitis to clarify the role of lymphoid follicle formation in the portal spaces. lymphoid follicles were observed more frequently in chronic hepatitis non-a non-b than in chronic hepatitis b and were also common in patients with anti-hepatitis c virus-positive non-a non-b hepatitis. immunohistology revealed that these hepatic lymphoid follicles resembled the lymphoid follicles of synovial tissue in rheumat ... | 1992 | 1426857 |
| [the problem of liver transplantation in hepatitis b virus carriers]. | 1992 | 1427483 | |
| therapy for chronic hepatitis b with lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha and levamisole. | about one third of patients with chronic hepatitis b show a sustained response when treated with interferon-alpha. combining interferon-alpha with immunomodulators might be a way to increase response rate. the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of lymphoblastoid interferon-alpha given alone with its efficacy when combined with levamisole in chronic hepatitis b. forty-five patients with hbeag-positive chronic hepatitis were randomly selected (with stratification for alt levels) to rece ... | 1992 | 1427652 |
| expression and localization of the small and large delta antigens during the replication cycle of hepatitis d virus. | to study the expression and localization of delta antigen during the replication cycle of hepatitis d virus, we cotransfected huh-7 hepatoma cells with a hepatitis b virus expression plasmid and plasmids expressing the small or large delta antigen or the entire hdv genome. the transfected cells and culture medium were analyzed on double immunofluorescence staining for delta antigen and hbsag, on western blotting and on northern-blot hybridization from 4 hr to 9 days after transfection. in cells ... | 1992 | 1427653 |
| hepatitis-b virus infection in sexually transmitted disease clinic attenders in an african city, (jos, nigeria) | 1992 | 1427810 | |
| determinants of hepatitis b virus surface antigen positivity in adults attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in italy. | 1992 | 1427814 | |
| gastrointestinal endoscope disinfection practices in india: results of a national survey. | a questionnaire was sent to 435 endoscopy centers in the country to obtain information regarding current endoscopic disinfection practices. of these, 133 (30.6%) centers responded. adequate disinfection (a minimum exposure to 1% glutaraldehyde for 2 minutes) before the start of endoscopy sessions and between procedures was practised in 61 (46%) and 45 (34%) centers respectively. the proportion of centers practising adequate disinfection was similar among those performing < 1500 and > 1500 endosc ... | 1992 | 1428032 |
| frequency of hepatitis b, c and d and human immunodeficiency virus infections in multi-transfused thalassemics. | of forty multi-transfused thalassemia patients (26 males, 14 females; mean age 8.1 +/- 5.3 years, range 1-35) with no clinical or biochemical evidence of liver disease, hbsag, anti-hepatitis c virus and anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibodies were present in 18 (45%), 7 (17.5%) and 1 (2.5%) cases respectively. three of the 18 (16.7%) hbsag positive patients were anti-delta antibody positive. our results indicate that more than 50% of multi-transfused thalassemia patients show serological ev ... | 1992 | 1428037 |
| long-term persistence of anti-hbs after hepatitis b immunization in thalassaemic patients. | an epidemiological study was carried out on 114 beta-thalassaemics in order to select those subjects susceptible to hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection for hepatitis b vaccination. the results confirmed the high risk of hbv infection in these patients: 9.6% were hbsag positive, 29.8% were anti-hbs positive/anti-hbc positive, and 9% were anti-hbc positive. in 60 hbv-negative patients, 20 micrograms doses of hepatitis b vaccine were administered on a schedule of 0, 1 and 6 months. sera were collecte ... | 1992 | 1428184 |
| nucleobase transporter-mediated permeation of 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine in human erythrocytes and human t-lymphoblastoid ccrf-cem cells. | several 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides (ddns), agents that inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis b virus, enter mammalian cells by simple diffusion. in this report, we show that the membrane permeation of 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine (ddg) in human erythrocytes and ccrf-cem cells, in contrast with that of other ddns, is transporter-mediated. inward fluxes of ddg in both cell types were inhibited by adenine, hypoxanthine, and acyclovir, but not by inhibitors of nucleoside tran ... | 1992 | 1429579 |
| effects of alpha-interferon on gamma-interferon production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in hepatitis b virus carriers. | we studied gamma-interferon production of phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to alpha-interferon in hepatitis b virus carriers and healthy individuals. the magnitude of gamma-interferon production was significantly higher in patients with anti-hbe antibody than in patients with hbe antigen and healthy individuals. furthermore, alpha-interferon augmented the production of gamma-interferon of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with active liv ... | 1992 | 1430105 |
| falciparum malaria modulates viremia in chronic hepatitis b virus infection. | 1992 | 1431272 | |
| [detection of hepatitis delta virus (hdv) markers in hbv carriers]. | to investigate the prevalence and clinical features of hepatitis delta virus (hdv) superinfection in hepatitis b virus (hbv) carriers, antibody to hepatitis delta antigen (anti-hd) was determined in the sera of 328 hbv carriers in japan. 1) of the 328 hbv carriers, six (1.8%) were seropositive for anti-hd by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. igm-antibody to hepatitis delta antigen was detected in 2/6 patients with a high anti-hdv titer. none of the patients was positive for hepatitis dealt anti ... | 1992 | 1431381 |
| genomic variability in the pres1 region and determination of routes of transmission of hepatitis b virus. | on the basis of published sequence data the pres1 attachment region of hepatitis b virus (hbv) appears to be highly variable. using a novel method for rapid dna sequencing by the polymerase chain reaction we screened 34 hbv dna-positive sera for mutations in a variable part of the pres1 region of the hbv genome. the sequence data were used to analyse potential chains of infection, and strongly supported the expected routes of hbv transmission among patient groups. furthermore, sequence compariso ... | 1992 | 1431814 |
| identification and cloning of a novel heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein c-like protein that functions as a transcriptional activator of the hepatitis b virus enhancer ii. | liver specificity of hepatitis b virus (hbv) replication has been attributed to the action of its second enhancer (eii). we report here the characterization of eii and the subsequent isolation of a novel liver-specific dna-binding protein which binds to and activates eii. the cdna clone of the protein, designated e2bp, was isolated from a lambda gt11 expression library constructed from the hepatoma cell line huh-6 which was screened with a binding site probe derived from eii. sequence analysis o ... | 1992 | 1433497 |
| [complement c3 and c4 levels in serum from acute viral hepatitis]. | serial measurements of c3 and c4 complement components were performed in 50 patients with acute, uncomplicated viral hepatitis, in the beginning of the symptoms and in the peaks of serum transaminases. there were 17 patients diagnosed as having hepatitis a virus (hav) infection and 33 patients diagnosed as having hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. there were 4 women and 46 men with a mean age of 22.1 years. in the sera of 50 healthy control subjects serum c3 and c4 complement components measured ... | 1992 | 1435361 |
| [hepatitis b virus dna. detection with polymerase chain reaction in liver tissue of children with chronic hepatitis b]. | detection of hepatitis b virus dna is a reliable evidence of the presence of the viral agent and its replication. conventional hybridization techniques are limited to detect about 30,000 virions. with the polymerase chain reaction it became possible to extend the sensitivity by amplification of viral sequences. in our study we intended to test whether viral sequences could be found in liver tissue specimens negative for hepatitis b virus dna by conventional hybridization techniques. | 1992 | 1435797 |
| [chronic hepatitis b. treatment in childhood with alpha-interferon]. | in adults several trials of successful therapy for chronic hepatitis b using alpha-interferon with rates of seroconversion from hbeag to anti-hbe of 30-40% have been reported. despite the experiences in children are limited, alpha-interferon seems to be a promising drug in this age group as well. we report on our results in the treatment of chronic hepatitis b virus carrier using the recombination interferon alpha-2b. | 1992 | 1435800 |
| viral hepatitis in the christchurch community. | to determine the relative frequency of known causes of viral hepatitis in the christchurch community. | 1992 | 1436840 |
| [hepatitis b virus infection in alcoholics]. | chromosomal analysis has been carried out in 4 patients with the symptoms of hepatic coma. an analysis included lymphocytes cultured from peripheral blood. chromosomal disorders have been assessed with two techniques: structural chromosomal aberrations test, and sister chromatid exchange (sce) test. it has been shown that the extend of chromosomal damage in the form of the gaps, breaks, acentric chromosomes as well as the presence of ring and dicentric chromosomes, and micronuclear cells have be ... | 1992 | 1437731 |
| hepatitis b virus capsid particles are assembled from core-protein dimer precursors. | our studies on the assembly of hepatitis b virus capsids or core particles in xenopus oocytes have demonstrated that unassembled p21.5 core proteins ("free p21.5") provide a pool of low-molecular-mass precursors for core-particle assembly. here we have characterized this material. free p21.5 sedimented through gradients of 3-25% sucrose (wt/vol) as a single protein species of approximately 40 kda, corresponding to a p21.5 dimer. on nonreducing sds/polyacrylamide gels, free p21.5 migrated as disu ... | 1992 | 1438193 |
| [replication and gene expression of hepatitis b virus]. | 1992 | 1438829 | |
| molecular pathogenesis of liver disease during persistent hepatitis b virus infection. | 1992 | 1439878 | |
| cellular and molecular mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis. | for colorectal carcinomas, the rate of tumor development is proportional to the fourth to sixth power of elapsed time, suggesting that four to six independent events are necessary. although similar calculations have not been made for hbv-associated hccs, it is likely that this is also the case for hccs, since individuals with persistent hbv infection do not usually develop hcc until they are 45 or greater years old. as evidence for specific genetic and epigenetic changes in hccs accumulate, the ... | 1992 | 1439879 |
| new strategies for isolation of low abundance viral and host cdnas: application to cloning of the hepatitis e virus and analysis of tissue-specific transcription. | the ability to clone viruses molecularly has led to dramatic advances in our understanding of this diverse group of agents at the molecular level. these insights are critical to the development of experimental strategies for the containment and control of the various viral pathogens that cause hepatitis in man. knowledge of the genes and gene products have, for example, assisted in the design of expression systems that have been useful for the cell-free expression and production of viral constit ... | 1992 | 1439880 |
| [the characteristics of kidney involvement in chronic diffuse liver diseases due to the hepatitis b virus]. | 1992 | 1440336 | |
| hepatitis delta virus infection in bombay. | from june 1985 to june 1989, sera from 425 cases of acute viral hepatitis were gathered from 2 hospitals in bombay; 331 sera were positive for hepatitis b surface antigen and immunoglobulin m anti-hepatitis b core antigen, and the donors' disease was diagnosed as hepatitis b. anti-hepatitis d virus was found in 124 of these sera, and hepatitis d antigen was present in 24 more, conclusively proving the presence of hepatitis delta infection in association with hepatitis b in bombay. among the 425 ... | 1992 | 1440825 |
| correlation between anti-hbc titers and hbv dna in blood units without detectable hbsag. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna was tested for in 294 blood units which had antibody against hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc) as the isolated serological marker of hbv infection. after amplification by polymerase chain reaction, hbv dna was detected in 12 (6.9%) of 175 units that were positive for anti-hbc with hemagglutination inhibition titers greater than or equal to 2(6), significantly more often than in none of 119 units with titers less than or equal to 2(5) (p less than 0.01). these result ... | 1992 | 1441302 |
| [severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis b following interferon therapy]. | a patient with chronic active hepatitis b was treated with interferon alpha. inhibition of hbv replication was associated with severe exacerbation of hepatitis. treatment of chronic hepatitis b with interferon may lead to transient decompensation of liver function, especially in patients with high activity of morphological changes. | 1992 | 1441531 |
| [cytokine-assisted extrahepatic cellular binding of hepatitis b virus: pathogenic importance for cell tropism and virus replication?]. | 1992 | 1441681 | |
| prevalence and incidence of viral hepatitis in health workers in the prehepatitis b vaccination era. | to assess the impact of hepatitis b virus on health workers, the authors studied baseline prevalences of hepatitis b serologic markers and undertook prospective surveillance to assess hepatitis b attack rates in 837 health workers and 994 blood-donor controls between 1977 and 1982, before the introduction of hepatitis b vaccine. the baseline prevalence of all hepatitis b markers was 14% in health workers and 6% in controls (p < 0.001); exposure to hepatitis b virus was related to the intensity o ... | 1992 | 1442723 |
| mortality trends in a cohort of homosexual men in new york city, 1978-1988. | trends in mortality related to infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and to other causes were examined from 1978 to 1988 in a cohort of 8,906 homosexual men who participated in studies of hepatitis b virus infection in the late 1970s in new york city. hiv-related mortality rates increased from 1 per 10,000 person-years in 1980 to 181 per 10,000 person-years in 1986, followed by a plateau from 1986 to 1988. the standardized mortality ratio among white men in the cohort was 3.7 ... | 1992 | 1442731 |
| the structure and replication of hepatitis delta virus. | hepatitis delta virus exists in nature as a satellite of hepatitis b virus. this review emphasizes studies during the past few years that have clarified much about this satellite relationship. many unique and intriguing features have been assigned to delta and its replication. in addition, certain unresolved questions are emphasized, and consideration is even given to the application of delta as a vector. | 1992 | 1444256 |
| use of a standardized cell culture assay to assess activities of nucleoside analogs against hepatitis b virus replication. | a cell culture system for the evaluation of compounds which inhibit hbv replication (korba and milman, antiviral res. 15:217, 1991) has been developed into a standardized assay. toxicity of test compounds was assessed by the uptake of neutral red dye under culture and treatment conditions which were identical to those used for the antiviral assays. a total of 667 separate cultures of 2.2.15 cells were evaluated for this study. in 86 untreated cell cultures, representing 15 experiments over a 24- ... | 1992 | 1444322 |