Publications

introduction to porcine red blood cells: implications for xenotransfusion.	advances in the field of xenotransplantation raise the intriguing possibility of using porcine red blood cells (prbcs) as an alternative source for blood transfusion. the domestic pig is considered the most likely donor species for xenotransplantation. however, identification of xenoantigens on porcine erythrocytes and elucidation of their possible roles in antibody-mediated rbc destruction are necessary for developing clinical strategies to circumvent immunological incompatibility between human ...	2000	10791883
mixing at young ages reduces fighting in unacquainted domestic pigs.	under normal farming practices, piglets from different litters are often mixed around the time of weaning, and a high incidence of fighting and minor injuries often occur. the aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of age on the incidence of fighting in piglets mixed before weaning, at different ages between 5 and 26 days. we found no significant relationship between age and the likelihood that a pair of piglets would fight during the first 75 min after mixing. however, the duration ...	2000	10804264
effects of vasopressin and epinephrine on splanchnic blood flow and renal function during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs.	to compare the effects of vasopressin versus epinephrine on splanchnic blood flow during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr), and to evaluate the effects of these vasopressors on renal function in the postresuscitation phase.	2000	10809287
vasopressin decreases endogenous catecholamine plasma concentrations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vasopressin vs. saline placebo on catecholamine plasma concentrations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr).	2000	10809289
effect of phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation on myocardial and cerebral blood flow in pigs.	this study was designed to assess the effects of a phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr) device, lifestick, vs. standard cpr on vital organ blood flow in a porcine cpr model.	2000	10809291
bradykinin b2-receptor antagonism attenuates fatal cardiocirculatory breakdown induced by severe experimental pancreatitis.	to investigate the impact of the long-acting bradykinin b2 receptor antagonist hoe 140 (icatibant) on survival time in a model of severe porcine pancreatitis.	2000	10809293
pharmacokinetics and in vivo effects of a six-base phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide with anticancer and hematopoietic activities in swine.	a short phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide telomere mimic with the sequence 5'-d(ttaggg)-3', tag-6, has been shown to inhibit telomerase activity and have antineoplastic and hematopoietic stimulatory properties. in this study, three immature male domestic swine (weighing approximately 40 kg) were administered 200 mg/m2 of tag-6 by continuous intravascular infusion at rates of 0.48 +/- 0.07 mg/hr for 14 days to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and tissue distribution. there was conside ...	2000	10813533
somatostatin and somatostatin receptors in the pig pineal gland during postnatal development: an immunocytochemical study.	an immunohistochemical study of the pineal gland of the domestic pig was carried out using rabbit antisera raised against synthetic peptide fragments corresponding to different amino acid sequences of the prosomatostatin, the somatostatin-14, and the somatostatin-28 molecule. the study was supplemented by immunohistochemical staining with rabbit antisera raised against five subtypes of somatostatin receptors. the pineal glands were taken from the newborn, 21-day-old and 7-month-old pigs. immunor ...	2000	10820316
[dynamics and genetic determination of transformation of alpha macroglobulins allogroups in different populations of domestic pigs].	the results of genetic studies of transformation of alpha-macroglobullin (am) allogroups (i.e., fixed allotype combinations) in pigs are presented. population and hybridization studies showed that the phenomenon discovered was based on activation/inactivation of the ami allotype expression, which depended on the genetic environment and interlocus relationships. genetic and selection bases, as well as the significance of the transformation phenomenon described, are discussed.	2000	10822815
detection of low-virulent classical swine fever virus in blood of experimentally infected animals: comparison of different methods.	the effectiveness of virus isolation, commercial antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), and flow cytometry in detection of a low-virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) in blood in the early period of infection was evaluated. domestic pigs at the age of 6-8 weeks and young wild boars were inoculated with a low-virulent field isolate of csfv originating from a wild boar. this virus induced serious clinical reaction in only ...	1999	10825927
immunohistochemical localization of substance p in the pineal gland of the domestic pig.	an immunohistochemical study of the pig pineal gland was carried out using polyclonal rabbit antiserum raised against substance p (sp). the pineal glands were taken from the newborn, 21-day- and 7-month-old female pigs. immunoreactive nerve fibers were observed in the pineal gland as well as in the posterior commissure and habenular areas. the bundles of sp-immunoreactive fibers were also seen in the subependymal layer of the pineal tissue. the single sp-immunoreactive nerve fibers and few small ...	2000	10833673
evidence for vasoconstriction mediated by the endothelin-b receptor in domestic swine.	endothelin-1 (et-1), a potent vasoactive and mitogenic peptide, has been implicated in a number of cardiovascular diseases, including congestive heart failure, neointimal hyperplasia associated with restenosis, and hypertension. the vasoconstriction induced by et-1 is thought to be mediated mainly by its action on et(a) receptors on vascular smooth muscle cells. recent studies have indicated that vasoconstriction also may be mediated by stimulation of an et(b)-receptor subtype. increased use of ...	2000	10836715
factors effecting reproduction in the pig: seasonal effects and restricted feeding of the pregnant gilt and sow.	recent advances in research on seasonal infertility are discussed with a special focus on implications of the generally recommended restricted post-mating feeding strategy of the early pregnant gilt and sow for the physiology of seasonal infertility. the endocrinological basis of seasonal breeding of the wild and domestic pig is being clarified: as in other seasonal breeders, melatonin is relaying photoperiodic information about season to the pituitary-gonadal axis. earlier confusion on this mat ...	2000	10844193
chromosomal abnormalities in hypoprolific boars.	four new chromosomal rearrangements are reported in the domestic pig: 3 reciprocal translocations, rcp(4;12)(p13;q13) in a crossbred boar, rcp(1;7)(q17;q26) in a large white purebred boar, rcp(1;6)(q17;q35) in a purebred synthetic paternal line boar, and a pericentric inversion inv(2)(p13q11) in a crossbred boar. the 1/7 reciprocal translocation and the pericentric inversion were detected in animals that had sired small litters. the effect of the 1/7 translocation was accurately determined: -4.5 ...	2000	10857260
differentiation of cuticular structures during the growth of the third-stage larva of ascaris suum (nematoda, ascaridoidea) after emerging from the egg.	in order to monitor the early phases of the development of ascaris suum from domestic pigs, third-stage larvae, retrieved from the liver and the lungs, were studied by analyzing worm growth and length increase of individual transverse annuli in the cuticle. material for study using light and scanning electron microscopy was obtained from experimental infections. the results show that the third-stage larva (not the second-stage) after emergence from the egg grows continuously, without an ecdysis ...	2000	10864234
schistosoma japonicum: day to day variation in excretion and hatchability of parasite eggs in the domestic pig, suis suis.	the aim of the present study was to describe the course of an schistosoma japonicum infection in individual pigs over time, with special regards to fecal egg counts and egg hatchability, emphasizing the extent of variation during and between days. five specific pathogen free danish landrace/yorkshire/duroc crossbred male pigs were each given 3500 cercariae intramuscularly. from day 36 to 62 post infection, fecal samples were collected from each pig, morning and evening. pigs were perfused 62 day ...	2000	10864513
description of an intraperitoneal tumour xenograft survival model in the pig.	experimental animal studies are necessary if the results of minimally invasive oncological surgery are to be improved. in particular the influence of surgical technique on tumour implantation needs further assessment. small animals such as rodents are inappropriate for such laparoscopic surgical studies. there is a requirement for another animal tumour model with animals greater in size.	2000	10873362
[temporary implantation of a metal stent in vater's ampulla. evaluation of early changes of the bile ducts in an animal study].	evaluation of temporary stent implantation in the papilla of vater and the subsequent alterations of the bile ducts in a controlled animal study.	2000	10874975
retrograde venous perfusion with hypothermic saline and adenosine for protection of the ischemic spinal cord.	spinal cord injury and the resultant postoperative paraplegia are devastating complications of thoracic aortic surgery, for which no widely accepted protective interventions exist. we hypothesized that retrograde venous perfusion-cooling of the spinal cord with a hypothermic saline and adenosine solution would protect it from ischemic injury caused by thoracic aortic occlusion.	2000	10876220
healing of porcine donor sites covered with silver-coated dressings.	to compare rates of healing of donor sites in pigs between those dressed with silver-coated dressings and those dressed with petrolatum-impregnated absorbent gauze.	2000	10890546
standardized burn model using a multiparametric histologic analysis of burn depth.	burn depth and extent determine prognosis and therapy. the current classification into first-, second-, and third-degree burns is crude, making comparisons between studies difficult. the authors standardized a reproducible burn model and a precise histopathologic method for describing burn depth in swine.	2000	10894235
characterization and repeat analysis of the compact genome of the freshwater pufferfish tetraodon nigroviridis.	tetraodon nigroviridis is a freshwater pufferfish 20-30 million years distant from fugu rubripes. the genome of both tetraodontiforms is compact, mostly because intergenic and intronic sequences are reduced in size compared to other vertebrate genomes. the previously uncharacterized tetraodon genome is described here together with a detailed analysis of its repeat content and organization. we report the sequencing of 46 megabases of bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) end sequences, which repr ...	0	10899143
morphological and functional variations of leydig cells in testis of the domestic pig during the different biological stages of development.	the relationship of morphometrical and androgen receptor evaluations of the main testicular interstitium cellular element (leydig cells) in the domestic pig provided interesting numerical and morphological features during the different aging stages. as early as 25 days (a period in which the pig is sexually immature) there was a low number of leydig cells (1.46 x 10(8)) with respect to a 78% and 35% increase in the adult (2.48 x 108) and aged (1.78 x 10(8)) animal, respectively. interestingly, w ...	2000	10900436
a minimally invasive method for creating coronary stenosis in a swine model for mri and spect imaging.	to develop a less-invasive method for creating coronary stenosis in an animal model for the study of myocardial perfusion defects by using magnetic resonance imaging (mri) and single-photon-emission computed tomography (spect).	2000	10901107
experimental salmonella typhi infection in the domestic pig, sus scrofa domestica.	the domestic pig, sus scrofa domestica, was examined as a model for typhoid fever, a severe and systemic disease of humans caused by salmonella typhi. six pigs were inoculated 1 week post-weaning with approximately 10(10)colony forming units (cfu) of wild type salmonella typhi strain isp1820 intranasally and observed for 3 weeks. s. typhi was cultured from the tonsils of 50% of the pigs at necropsy. cultures from all other organs analysed (ileum, colon, spleen and liver) were negative. no clinic ...	2000	10906267
the effects of mitomycin-c and stenting on airway wound healing after laryngotracheal reconstruction in a pig model.	to assess the effects of mitomycin-c (mtc) and endoscopic stenting on airway wound healing after laryngotracheal reconstruction.	2000	10906518
evaluation of göttingen minipig skin for transdermal in vitro permeation studies.	the optimal skin type for in vitro permeability studies depends on the purpose of the specific transdermal study. in a number of cases, it may be advantageous to use animal skin as an alternative to human skin although they have different characteristics. recently, göttingen minipigs have been reported as good models in toxicological and pharmacokinetic studies of drug substances. in this paper, the potential use of skin from the göttingen minipig is evaluated by studying three model drug substa ...	2000	10913754
decomposition patterns in terrestrial and intertidal habitats on oahu island and coconut island, hawaii.	decomposition studies were conducted at two sites on the island of oahu, hawaii, to compare patterns of decomposition and arthropod invasion in intertidal and adjacent terrestrial habitats. the animal model used was the domestic pig. one site was on coconut island in kaneohe bay on the northeast side of oahu, and the second was conducted in an anchialine pool located at barber's point naval air station on the southwest shore of oahu. at both sites, the terrestrial animal decomposed in a manner s ...	2000	10914580
myocardial uptake of a (99m)tc-nitroheterocycle in a swine model of occlusion and reperfusion.	the purpose of this study was to evaluate the window for scan positivity of the radiolabeled nitroheterocycle (99m)tc-bru-59-21 in the peri-ischemic period using a swine model of occlusion and reperfusion.	2000	10914916
end-tidal carbon dioxide as a noninvasive indicator of cardiac index during circulatory shock.	to document the relationships between cardiac index and end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (petco2 during diverse low-flow states of circulatory shock.	2000	10921572
effects of norepinephrine on the distribution of intestinal blood flow and tissue adenosine triphosphate content in endotoxic shock.	to investigate, during endotoxic shock, the effect of a treatment of norepinephrine (ne) administration on the distribution of blood flow and adenosine triphosphate (atp) content in the intestinal wall.	2000	10921585
jejunal mucosal nitric oxide production and substrate dependency during acute mesenteric hypoperfusion in pigs.	jejunal nitric oxide (no) formation is impaired during mucosal hypoperfusion. this study was undertaken to investigate whether this phenomenon could result from a restricted mucosal availability of no-synthase substrates, ie, oxygen and/or l-arginine.	2000	10921595
use of a new elastin patch and glue for repair of a major duodenal injury.	major duodenal injury with significant tissue loss causes high morbidity and mortality. our new elastin based heterograft combined with small intestinal submucosa (sis) and biodegradable glue could be used for repair of such defects. twenty-four domestic pigs were anesthetized and underwent celiotomy. a 2 cm circular defect was created at the second portion of the duodenum with scissors, excising one-half of its circumference. our elastin patch, combined with sis, was applied to cover the defect ...	2000	10926136
the genome of a very virulent marek's disease virus.	here we present the first complete genomic sequence, with analysis, of a very virulent strain of marek's disease virus serotype 1 (mdv1), md5. the genome is 177,874 bp and is predicted to encode 103 proteins. mdv1 is colinear with the prototypic alphaherpesvirus herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) within the unique long (ul) region, and it is most similar at the amino acid level to mdv2, herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), and nonavian herpesviruses equine herpesviruses 1 and 4. mdv1 encodes 55 hsv-1 ...	2000	10933706
obliterative airway disease in a porcine heterotopic bronchial allograft model.	representative animal models are needed for the study of posttransplant obliterative bronchiolitis (ob). because human ob originates in terminal bronchi, the validity of tracheal models can be questioned. using our hetrotopic model, we implanted pieces of a lobar bronchus subcutaneously into domestic pigs. five groups were included: autograft implants, allograft implants, allograft implants with 2 regimens of cyclosporine (csa)azathioprine (aza)-methylprednisolone (mp), and allograft implants wi ...	2000	10935706
domestic swine model for the assessment of chemical warfare agent-anesthetic interactions: some effects of sulfur mustard.	a domestic swine model was developed to examine the interaction of chemical warfare agents with anesthetics and other drugs used during general anesthesia. animals were fully instrumented, and clinically relevant physiological parameters were monitored throughout the experimental procedures. exposure of animals under halothane anesthesia to the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard (hd; 1 mg/kg intravenous) produced mild signs of systemic intoxication during the subsequent 5 hours. induction dos ...	2000	10957847
[aerosolized gadolinium-dtpa for demonstration of pulmonary ventilation in magnetic resonance tomography].	magnetic resonance assessment of lung ventilation with aerosolized gd-dtpa.	2000	10961215
intraosseous blood gases during hypothermia: correlation with arterial, mixed venous, and sagittal sinus blood.	especially in pediatric patients with severe hypothermia, intraosseous access may be more readily available than intravascular access during an early phase of treatment and therefore, may be helpful to optimize management. the purpose of this study was to determine whether intraosseous blood gases are comparable with arterial, mixed venous, and sagittal sinus blood gases during different degrees of hypothermia.	2000	10966271
optic nerve oxygen tension: effects of intraocular pressure and dorzolamide.	to investigate the influence of acute changes in intraocular pressure on the oxygen tension in the vicinity of the optic nerve head under control conditions and after intravenous administration of 500 mg of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor dorzolamide.	2000	10966963
improved model for teaching interventional eus.	a swine model was previously developed for teaching endoscopic ultrasound (eus). the purpose of this study was to improve this model and develop a method for creating focal lesions for eus imaging and intervention.	2000	10968860
improved right ventricular function after intracoronary administration of a c1 esterase inhibitor in a right heart transplantation model.	myocardial injury from ischemia can be augmented after reperfusion due to proinflammatory events including complement activation, leukocyte adhesion, and release of various chemical mediators. it has been shown that intracoronary administration of a c1 esterase inhibitor (c1 inh) significantly reduces myocardial necrosis in an experimental model of ischemia. our study addresses the question whether the most susceptible region of the heart for ischemic injury, the right ventricle (rv), can benefi ...	2000	10973542
isolation and characterization of h4n6 avian influenza viruses from pigs with pneumonia in canada.	in october 1999, h4n6 influenza a viruses were isolated from pigs with pneumonia on a commercial swine farm in canada. phylogenetic analyses of the sequences of all eight viral rna segments demonstrated that these are wholly avian influenza viruses of the north american lineage. to our knowledge, this is the first report of interspecies transmission of an avian h4 influenza virus to domestic pigs under natural conditions.	2000	10982381
in vivo uptake of radiolabeled antibody to proliferating smooth muscle cells in a swine model of coronary stent restenosis.	z2d3 is a monoclonal chimeric antibody fragment that is directed against a protein expressed on the surface of proliferating smooth muscle cells. the purpose of this study was to investigate the uptake of 111in-labeled z2d3 f(ab')2 in a swine model of coronary neointimal proliferation after overexpansion coronary stenting.	2000	10994735
development of a laparoscopic approach to neurolytic celiac plexus block in a porcine model.	neurolytic celiac plexus block (ncpb) is an effective method of palliative pain control in cases of inoperable pancreatic cancer. this study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of a laparoscopic approach to ncpb in an experimental animal model.	2000	11000365
the effects of topical transforming growth factor-beta2 and anti-transforming growth factor-beta2,3 on scarring in pigs.	transforming growth factor-b2 (tgf-b2) has been implicated in the inflammatory response and subsequent scarring during wound healing.	2000	11003716
pigs shift too: foraging strategies and spatial memory in the domestic pig.	in a previous experiment, we showed that domestic pigs, sus scrofa, unlike many other species, performed accurately in a spatial memory task, where visits to a previously baited food trough were rewarded (win-stay). we investigated whether pigs have a predisposition for this strategy, by comparing their performance in a radial arm maze under either win-stay (n=10) or win-shift (n=10) reward contingencies. contrary to our earlier results, only one of the animals in the win-stay condition was able ...	2000	11007650
dynamic study of the distribution of microcirculatory blood flow in multiple splanchnic organs in septic shock.	to study dynamic distribution of microcirculatory blood flow in multiple splanchnic organs during septic shock; to test the hypothesis that changes in microcirculatory blood flow in splanchnic organs correlate with changes in regional flow during septic shock.	2000	11008987
comparison of two porcine (sus scrofa domestica) skin models for in vivo near-infrared laser exposure.	the current safety standards for lasers operating in the 1,400- to 2,000-nanometer (nm) wavelength region are based on only a few observations at specific wavelengths. on the basis of experimental results conducted with yorkshire pigs (sus scrofa domestica), these standards may not accurately reflect the potential for laser injury when humans are exposed to these wavelengths. it is our belief that one of the damage mechanisms involved in these laser injuries results from energy absorption by ski ...	2000	11020157
[spatial distribution and bloodmeal preferences of glossina palpalis palpalis in the forest focus of zoukougbeu (ivory coast). epidemiological consequences].	in the sleeping sickness focus of zoukougbeu (côte d'ivoire), in the cropping areas which are favourable for disease transmission, more than a quarter of the flies collected were found to have fed on domestic pigs. the sites where glossina palpalis palpalis was caught fed on these animals were concordant with the sites where the patients were present. these results might indicate that in zoukougbeu, but perhaps also in other sleeping sickness foci, the pig could play an active role in disease tr ...	2000	11031763
comparisons between sublingual and gastric tonometry during hemorrhagic shock.	to compare sublingual tissue pco(2), a disarmingly simple and noninvasive measurement of the severity of perfusion failure, with gastric tonometric pco(2) during hemorrhagic shock in five male domestic pigs weighing between 35 and 40 kg.	2000	11035688
epidemiology of classical swine fever in germany in the 1990s.	in germany, 424 outbreaks of csf in domestic pigs and a great number of cases in wild boar were recorded between 1990 and 1998. most of the federal states ('bundesländer') were affected. epidemiological data from field investigations combined with genetic typing allowed to distinguish seven unrelated epidemics and a number of sporadic outbreaks in domestic pigs. detailed epidemiological data was available for 327 outbreaks. it was found that 28% of these were primary outbreaks. most of them were ...	2000	11042398
genetic typing of classical swine fever virus isolates from the territory of the czech republic.	epizootiological studies based on genetic typing were performed using 14 isolates from outbreaks of classical swine fever (csf) in domestic pigs and wild boar in the czech republic which occurred between 1991 and 1998. they were compared with austrian, slovakian, hungarian, polish and german isolates. the aim of this study was to characterise the csf virus isolates and find out the possible relationships between the outbreaks in domestic pigs and wild boar, and to map the spread of the virus in ...	2000	11042400
in-vivo evaluation of simultaneous administration of incompatible drugs in a central venous catheter with a decreased port to port distance.	background: multilumen catheters are commonly used in critically ill children. their use, however, is associated with significant morbidity. we studied the simultaneous administration of incompatible drugs using a new triple-lumen catheter with decreased length and port to port distances. methods: ten domestic swine, 10-20 kg in weight, were divided into two groups of five. total parenteral nutrition was administered through the distal port and phenytoin was administered as a bolus and as an inf ...	1999	11056724
vasopressin-mediated adrenocorticotropin release increases plasma cortisol concentrations during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.	vasopressin is a possible stimulus for both adrenocorticotropin (acth) and endothelin-1 release. the aim of this study was to compare plasma concentrations of acth, cortisol, and endothelin-1 after epinephrine or vasopressin administration in an experimental animal model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (cpr).	2000	11057810
radio-frequency electrocautery ablation of mammary tissue in swine.	to establish the size, configuration, and histopathologic features of acute, subacute, and chronic radio-frequency (rf) electrocautery of mammary tissue in swine.	2000	11058648
transdermal formulations of deprenyl: guinea pig and pig models.	the efficacy of many drugs relies on their presence at the site of action over a period of time. the retardation or programmed release capability of the conventional dosage forms like oral and parenteral are limited and toxic and undesired side-effects may occur after their applications. these problems may be solved using transdermal delivery systems. transdermal systems are aimed for local, or systemic action. in the letter case controlling the rate of delivery or modulating the distribution in ...	2000	11061212
ventriculocoronary artery bypass (vcab), a novel approach to myocardial revascularization.	the long-term patency rate of saphenous vein grafts for myocardial revascularization is poor (50% at 10 years). half of the patent grafts develop severe atherosclerosis. in this paper, we report on an implantation technique and an in vivo evaluation of a device that creates a ventriculocoronary artery bypass (vcab), a permanent transmyocardial channel between the left ventricle and a coronary artery.	2000	11064547
s-nitrosoglutathione reduces nonocclusive thrombosis rate following balloon overstretch injury and intracoronary irradiation of porcine coronary arteries.	intracoronary radiation (ir) suppresses neointima formation following balloon injury in animal models. high doses of radiation exacerbate thrombosis and delay re-endothelialization. the free radical nitric oxide (no) has been reported to inhibit platelet aggregation, reduce neointimal hyperplasia, and stimulate re-endothelialization. this study examined the effects of a chemical no donor on neointima formation, thrombosis, and healing of irradiated porcine coronary arteries.	2000	11072176
antibiotic resistance in bacterial isolates from laboratory animal colonies naive to antibiotic treatment.	antiobiogrammes were made of a number of isolates of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and pasteurella pneumotropica derived from rodent, rabbit or minipig colonies never treated with antibiotics. for s. aureus no differences between rats and mice were found in the percentage of resistant isolates. gentamicin and erythromycin were found to be the most efficient, while the highest percentages of resistance were found to be against penicillins and sulphonamides. in general, the results from ...	2000	11072863
an evaluation of fibrin tissue adhesive concentration and application thickness on skin graft survival.	to examine the effects of fibrinogen concentration and application thickness of fibrin tissue adhesive on skin graft survival.	2000	11081613
are dna profiles breed-specific? a pilot study in pigs.	in this study, dna fingerprints from 32 unrelated domestic pigs were analysed and screened for breed-specificity. three breed groups were analysed: chinese meishan, large white and a collection of other european breeds. ninety-three distinct and variable bands were used to estimate genetic distances between the animals. between the groups these individual genetic distances substantially exceeded those within a group. linear discriminant analysis showed that the 23 most common dna fragments revea ...	2000	11086537
enhanced camp-induced nitric oxide-dependent coronary dilation during myocardial stunning in conscious pigs.	the goal of the current study was to determine the effects of camp-mediated coronary reactivity in conscious pigs with stunned myocardium induced by 1.5 h coronary stenosis (cs) and 12 h coronary artery reperfusion (car). domestic swine (n = 5) were chronically instrumented with a coronary artery blood flow (cbf) probe, hydraulic occluder, left ventricular pressure gauge, wall-thickening crystals in the ischemic and nonischemic zones, and a coronary sinus catheter. the hydraulic occluder was inf ...	2000	11087254
local delivery of 17-beta-estradiol decreases neointimal hyperplasia after coronary angioplasty in a porcine model.	neointimal hyperplasia is an important mechanism of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (ptca). systemically administered estrogen is known to inhibit neointimal formation after arterial injury.	2000	11092673
trichinellosis in papua new guinea.	to describe the discovery in a domestic pig of the first case of trichinellosis in papua new guinea, caused by a new taxon within the genus trichinella (t papuae). also, to establish if the disease occurred in the local wild pig population and in domestic pigs elsewhere in the country, and to test if the worm was infective to some other animals.	2000	11098386
trichinellosis: a worldwide zoonosis.	trichinella spp. are some of the most widespread parasites infecting people and other mammals all over the world, regardless of climate. this paper attempts to describe the present status of trichinellosis worldwide and to determine if and why trichinellosis is emerging or re-emerging. the global prevalence of the disease is difficult to evaluate but as many as 11 million people may be infected. more than 10000 cases of human trichinellosis were reported by the international commission on trichi ...	2000	11099837
host diversity and biological characteristics of the trichinella genotypes and their effect on transmission.	the host spectra and biological diversity of the trichinella genotypes are reviewed. while all genotypes appear to reproduce equally well in carnivore hosts, their infectivity and persistence in omnivores and herbivores show remarkable differences. most of the genotypes found in wildlife have low infectivity for pigs and some persist only for a few weeks; in herbivores this tendency is even more profound, but malnourished, environmentally stressed, or otherwise immuno-suppressed hosts are likely ...	2000	11099841
detection of trichinella infection in food animals.	the first part of this review article deals with classical methods used for the detection of trichinella larvae in muscle samples of those animal species which are recognized as traditional sources of trichinellosis for human beings, as well as those species which are important for epidemiological reasons. special consideration is given to the main applications of these methods (routine slaughter inspection, and epidemiological studies in reservoir animals), and to the major factors that may inf ...	2000	11099846
control of trichinellosis by inspection and farm management practices.	the prevention of human trichinellosis by proper meat inspection is a classic example of successful veterinary public health measures. the microscopic methods which have been used for more than a century to test pigs for trichinae were intended to prevent human disease. however, the value of these relatively insensitive direct detection methods, including trichinoscopy and pooled sample digestion, was debated as soon as more sensitive indirect (serological) methods became available. two issues r ...	2000	11099849
comparison of patterns of decomposition in a hanging carcass and a carcass in contact with soil in a xerophytic habitat on the island of oahu, hawaii.	decomposition studies were conducted to determine differences in rates and patterns of decomposition of carcasses hanging and exposed on the surface of the soil. these studies were conducted between 17 october and 17 december 1997 inside of diamond head crater on the island of oahu, hawaii. the animal model was the domestic pig. sus scrofa. the rate of biomass removal from the hanging carcass was significantly slower than that observed for the control carcass during the bloat and decay stages of ...	2000	11110180
deterioration of visceral perfusion caused by intra-abdominal hypertension in pigs ventilated with positive end-expiratory pressure.	experimental studies and clinical experience suggest that the combination of positive end-expiratory pressure (peep) ventilation and intra-abdominal hypertension might alter splanchnic hemodynamics to a significantly greater degree than the effect of either of them alone. therefore, we assessed the intestinal and hepatic hemodynamics in two steps of peep ventilation, adding tense pneumoperitoneum in a pig model. the hepatic artery, portal vein, and superior mesenteric artery blood flow, as well ...	2000	11110392
hepatic o2 exchange and liver energy metabolism in hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia: effects of iloprost.	to compare the effects of a 12 h continuous infusion of iloprost, a stable prostacyclin analogue, on hepatic blood flow (qliv), o2 exchange, and energy metabolism during a 24 h hyperdynamic, porcine endotoxemia with volume resuscitation alone.	2000	11126268
kinetic properties of pig (sus scrofa domestica) and bovine (bos taurus) d-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase (f1,6bpase): liver-like isozymes in mammalian lung tissue.	f1,6bpases from porcine and bovine lung were isolated and their kinetic properties were determined. ks, kis and beta were determined assuming partial-noncompetitive inhibition (simple intersecting hyperbolic noncompetitive inhibition) of the enzyme by the substrate. values for ks were 4.1 and 4.4 microm for porcine and bovine f1,6bpase, respectively and values for 1 were close to 0.55 in both cases. kis were 9 and 15 microm for porcine and bovine f1,6bpase, respectively. i0.5 for amp were determ ...	2000	11126748
characterization of the dna polymerase loci of porcine cytomegaloviruses from diverse geographic origins.	porcine cytomegalovirus (pcmv) is an undesired pathogen in pigs intended for use as organ donors in xenotransplantation. in the present work, we characterized the first set of genes of pcmv. from a german isolate, the dna polymerase (dpol) locus was amplified and two complete open reading frames (orf) as well as two partial orfs including the complete dpol gene and the 3'-end of the glycoprotein gb gene were sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequences showed the highest identities with the respe ...	2000	11129643
abnormal growth plate function in pigs carrying a dominant mutation in type x collagen.	we have identified a naturally occurring, dominant mutation that causes dwarfism in domestic pigs (sus scrofa). with a positional candidate gene approach, the dwarf phenotype was shown to be a result of a single amino acid change, g590r, in the alpha1 (x) chain of type x collagen. type x collagen is a homotrimer of alpha1(x) chains encoded by the col10a1 gene, which is expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes during the process of endochondral ossification. an amino acid substitution at the equiva ...	2000	11130976
characterization of four species of trichuris (nematoda: enoplida) by their second internal transcribed spacer ribosomal dna sequence.	adult worms of trichuris ovis and t. globulosa were collected from ovis aries (sheep) and capra hircus (goats). t. suis was isolated from sus scrofa domestica (swine) and t. leporis was isolated from lepus europaeus (rabbits) in spain. genomic dna was isolated and a ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (its2) was amplified and sequenced using polymerase-chain-reaction (pcr) techniques. the its2 of t. ovis and t. globulosa was 407 nucleotides in length and had a gc content of about 62%. furtherm ...	2000	11133103
technetium-99m glucarate uptake in a swine model of limited flow plus increased demand.	glucarate is a 6-carbon dicarboxylic acid shown to be taken up by necrotic myocytes, binding to nuclear histones in animal models of coronary occlusion, resulting in infarction. this study investigated glucarate uptake in a model of severe ischemia.	2000	11144474
dependency of the [18f]fluoromisonidazole uptake on oxygen delivery and tissue oxygenation in the porcine liver.	we have previously shown that the accumulation of fluorine-18-labeled fluoromisonidazole ([(18)f]fmiso) is inversely correlated to tissue oxygenation, allowing the quantification of porcine liver tissue hypoxia in vivo. we determined the activity from administered [(18)f]fmiso in relation to the hepatic oxygen availability and the partial pressure of oxygen in tissue (tpo(2)) to define a critical oxygen delivery on a regional basis. [(18)f]fmiso was injected 2 h after onset of regional liver hyp ...	2000	11150699
swine composite tissue allotransplant model for preclinical hand transplant studies.	our laboratory previously developed and used an orthotopic radial forelimb osteomyocutaneous flap in the pig as a preclinical composite tissue allograft (cta) model. to ensure that it mimicked the clinical situation as closely as possible we developed this model taking many immunologic and reconstructive considerations into account. while our original pig cta model was ideal for studying the methods of preventing skin, muscle, bone, vessel and nerve rejection, and systemic toxicity, it did not i ...	2000	11150991
classical swine fever virus: clinical, virological, serological and hematological findings after infection of domestic pigs and wild boars with the field isolate "spante" originating from wild boar.	a classical swine fever virus (csfv) field isolate originating from wild boar was investigated on its virulence in domestic pigs and wild boar. three weaner pigs and two wild boars (yearlings) were intranasally inoculated with the isolate "spante" and tested for clinical, virological, hematological and serological findings until day 31 after infection (p. i.). one day p. i. the piglets were put in contact to three sentinel pigs. during a period of 31 d neither the domestic pigs nor the wild boar ...	2000	11153219
oriented sectioning of irregular tissue blocks in relation to computerized scanning modalities: results from the domestic pig brain.	we present a new method allowing direct comparison between images obtained by present digital scanning modalities and histological sections from the same object. more specifically the paper illustrates how to orientate, embed, and section large irregular tissue blocks after magnetic resonance imaging (mri) in such a way that accurate correlation of the digital data sets to histological sections is possible. the functionality and capability of the described procedure and slicing machine is illust ...	2000	11163415
seasonal alterations in circadian melatonin rhythms of the european wild boar and domestic gilt.	the aims of the present study were: 1) to determine if the european wild boar exhibits a circadian pattern of melatonin secretion under its natural light environment; 2) to compare this pattern with the pattern in domestic pigs reared under the light environment typical for domesticity; and 3) to determine if there are seasonal alterations in melatonin rhythms. four to six young, pure-bred, european wild boars and four to six cross-bred (yorkshire x finnish landrace) domestic gilts were sampled ...	2001	11168906
stimulated acoustic emission nonbackscatter contrast effect of microbubbles seen with harmonic power doppler imaging.	transient imaging has been introduced to enhance the signal intensities when using echo contrast agents. however, this phenomenon is not clearly understood. to evaluate the mechanisms of this phenomenon, isolated pig hearts were investigated with different echo imaging techniques in the beating, working heart as well as in an asystolic state without any motion of the heart. the hearts of five german farm pigs (21 +/- 2.5 kg) were surgically explanted and inserted in an artificial circulation pro ...	1997	11174925
a histologic analysis of three-dimensional versus two-dimensional tissue expansion in the porcine model.	recently, a two-dimensional silastic dacron stretching skin device has been developed for scalp reduction surgery. attached subgaleally, this device stretches skin over time, while avoiding the visible volumetric distention that is typical of three-dimensional tissue expanders. unlike three-dimensional expanders, the histological changes observed with a two-dimensional stretching device have not been described in the literature. the present study compares the histological effects of two-dimensio ...	2001	11192897
use of intraosseous blood for repeated hematologic and biochemical analyses in healthy pigs.	to evaluate the clinical and histologic effects of repeated intraosseous (io) needle placement in domestic pigs and determine whether blood and serum obtained intraosseously could be used for cbc and biochemical analyses.	2001	11197559
fasciolopsiasis: is it a controllable food-borne disease?	fasciolopsiasis, endemic to the orient and southeast asia, is a snail-transmitted, intestinal, food-borne parasitic zoonosis caused by a trematode, fasciolopsis buski, which also infects farm pigs. fasciolopsiasis remains a public health problem despite changes in eating habits, alterations in social and agricultural practices, health education, industrialization, and environmental alterations. the disease occurs focally and is most prevalent in school-age children. in foci of parasite transmiss ...	2001	11199855
age differences in thickness of the epidermis of miniature and domestic swine.		2000	11200562
median effective dose determination and histologic characterization of porcine (sus scrofa domestica) dermal lesions induced by 1540-nm laser radiation pulses.	light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (laser) systems operating in the so-called "eye safe" region are gaining widespread use in industry, medicine, and military applications. this research effort was geared to study the effects of laser tissue interaction on human skin by using in vivo porcine skin as an animal model. the goals of the study were to determine the median effective dose (ed50) for 1540-nm laser exposures, to evaluate the yorkshire pig and the yucatan mini-pig as ...	2000	11200570
no evidence of infection with porcine endogenous retrovirus in recipients of encapsulated porcine islet xenografts.	transplantation of pig tissues into humans has the potential for cotransferring pig infections. knowledge of the epidemiology of pig infections transmissible to humans allows the development of risk limitation strategies at the source herd level, but potentially infectious pig endogenous retrovirus (perv) is ubiquitous in all domestic pigs and therefore is not avoidable. using a specific and sensitive rt-pcr and nested pcr for perv nucleic acids with primers, the screening of pigs from new zeala ...	2000	11202575
streptococcus suis meningitis, a poacher's risk.	streptococcus suis infection is a zoonosis that has been mainly reported in pig-rearing and pork-consuming countries. the most common disease manifestation is meningitis, often associated with cochleovestibular signs. the causative agent is streptococcus suis serotype 2, found as a commensal in the tonsils of its natural host, the pig. persons at risk are mostly those with an occupational exposure to domestic pigs or their meat products. a case of meningitis caused by streptococcus suis in a poa ...	2000	11205632
gastrointestinal transit of dosage forms in the pig.	the gastrointestinal transit of liquid, pellet and tablet formulations was measured under fasted conditions in the domestic pig (n = 4) using the technique of gamma scintigraphy. the mean times for 50% gastric emptying for liquid and pellet systems were 1.4 and 2.2 h, respectively; tablets emptied between 1.5 and 6.0 h. total transit times were in the order of 50 h. these data conform well to published values for the transit of liquid and solid food materials in the pig. the times are much short ...	2001	11206190
[effects of stress level on the biomechanical behavior of the temporomandibular joint disc in domestic pigs].	this study aimed to examine the responses of the temporomandibular joint (tmj) disc against compression, to clarify the property of viscoelasticity and permeability of the disc, and to provide experimental data for further analyzing the mechanism of stress dissipation within the tmj disc. with the use of confined compression mechanics and biphasic theory, creep experiments on eight tmj discs of four domestic pigs were performed under three stress levels(0.07 mpa, 0.13 mpa and 0.30 mpa). the resu ...	2000	11211829
experimental infection of european wild boars and domestic pigs with pseudorabies viruses with differing virulence.	to determine susceptibility of european wild boars (sus scrofa) to infection with pseudorabies virus (prv) and to characterize the virulence of a wildboar prv isolate for wild and domestic pigs.	2001	11212035
mass closure technique: an experimental study on separation of wound edge.	to study separation of wound edges in midline laparotomy incisions closed with either a mass stitch or a stitch incorporating only aponeurosis.	2001	11213824
effect of vascular occlusion on radiofrequency ablation of the liver: results in a porcine model.	this study determined the effect of vascular occlusion on radiofrequency lesion shape, volume, and temperature in a porcine liver model.	2001	11222227
multiple groups of novel retroviral genomes in pigs and related species.	in view of the concern over potential infection hazards in the use of porcine tissues and organs for xenotransplantation to humans, we investigated the diversity of porcine endogenous retrovirus (perv) genomes in the dna of domestic pigs and related species. in addition to the three known envelope subgroups of infectious gamma retroviruses (perv-a, -b, and -c), classed together here as perv group gamma 1, four novel groups of gamma retrovirus (gamma 2 to gamma 5) and four novel groups of beta re ...	2001	11222700
comparative pathogenesis of infection of pigs with hepatitis e viruses recovered from a pig and a human.	specific-pathogen-free pigs were inoculated with one of two hepatitis e viruses (hev) (one recovered from a pig and the other from a human) to study the relative pathogenesis of the two viruses in swine. fifty-four pigs were randomly assigned to three groups. seventeen pigs in group 1 served as uninoculated controls, 18 pigs in group 2 were intravenously inoculated with the swine hev recovered from a pig in the united states, and 19 pigs in group 3 were intravenously inoculated with the us-2 str ...	2001	11230404
effects of epinephrine on intestinal oxygen supply and mucosal tissue oxygen tension in pigs.	to study the effects of increasing dosages of epinephrine given intravenously on intestinal oxygen supply and, in particular, mucosal tissue oxygen tension in an autoperfused, innervated jejunal segment.	2001	11246318
influence of environmental temperature on pgf(2alpha)-induced nest building in female pigs.	domestic pigs build a maternal nest in the day preceding parturition. we have shown that prostaglandin f(2alpha) (pgf(2alpha)) induces nest building behaviour in non-pregnant pigs. the aim of this experiment was to examine the effects of different environmental temperatures on pgf(2alpha)-induced nest building. data were collected from 9 large white (lw) and 10 large black (lb) 8-9-month-old nulliparous sows (gilts). the pigs were housed in social groups between experiments and tested individual ...	2001	11248379
hemostatic laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: cable-tie compression.	laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (lpn) has generally been reserved for small exophytic lesions because of the limited hemostatic capabilities when excising large segments of renal parenchyma. to overcome this problem, we investigated a technique of laparoscopic reversible, regional hypoperfusion using a cable-tie to minimize blood loss and optimize exposure.	2001	11248648
vocalisations of the adult female domestic pig during a standard human approach test and their relationships with behavioural and heart rate measures.	vocal communication in the domestic pig is generally not well documented. the aim of this experiment was to categorise and ascribe the function of the vocalisations of 67 large whitexlandrace gilts during a standard human approach test. at testing, each group of 3-5 gilts was moved to a handling area where each individual in turn was fitted with a heart rate monitor and introduced individually to a 2.4mx2.4m test arena. after 2min familiarisation, an unfamiliar human entered the pen and stood fo ...	2001	11259824