Publications

[specific bacteremia in the process of bacterial carrier state in salmonellosis].		1977	325962
[checking the reliability of the pathotec biochemical test system for bacterial identification].	tests of the pathotec system intended for express bacteriological diagnosis were checked in comparative experiments with the common biochemical methods. cultures of the following microbes were used: schigella, salmonella, escherichia, citrobacter, klebsiella, enterobacter, proteus, providencia, pseudomonas, bordetella, staphylococcus, streptococcus. in a number of tests, such as determination of cytochromoxidase, nitrate reduciase, phenylalaninedeaminase, indol, acetoin (for the differentiation ...	1977	325964
[conditions for s. typhimurium transfection by isolated dna from bacteriophage p22 h5].	transfection of spontaneous s. typhimurium lt2 wtr mutant, sensitive to bacteriophages fo, ffm, 6sr, and resistant to bacteriophages p22 h5, c-21 and p1 vir, by dna of p22 h5 bacteriophage in the presence of ca2+ ions was demonstrated. the following were conditions of infection providing maximal and reproducible results: concentration of the recipient cells of 6--7x 109 cells/ml, dna concentration of 30 microng/ml, cac12 concentration of 0,25 m. the efficacy of transfection was 5 x 10-8.	1977	325966
[change in phagocytic activity toward the agent of tularemia in highly sensitive animals with mixed infections].	an increase of the ingestive and digestive capacity of neutrophils to the homologous causative agent and tularemia microbe was revealed by the opsonophagocytic test in microtus arvalis, albino mice and guinea pigs infected with sublethal yersinia pseudotuberculosis and salmonella typhimurium doses. in subsequent tularemia infection some of the animals displayed a reduction of the septicemia intensity, prolongation of the disease and elevation of the susceptibility threshold. period of manifestat ...	1977	325967
mutagenicity of benzidine and related compounds employed in the detection of hemoglobin.	seven compounds commonly used as chromagens for the detection of hemoglobin and its derivatives have been assayed for mutagenicity employing the salmonella/mammalian microsome test. three of these compounds, benzidine, o-dianisidine, and o-tolidine, were shown to be mutagenic. since benzidine and o-tolidine are already known to be carcinogens, there is a high probability that o-dianisidine will also prove to be a carcinogen. four compounds tested with this system, o-anisidine, diphenylamine, gua ...	1977	326025
[study of a "rfa" locus coding for cell wall lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis in "shigella flexneri" f6s (author's transl)].	the rfa-7 lipopolysaccharide core mutation carried by the r mutant f680, derived from shigella flexneri f6s serotype 5b, has been mapped by conjugation and transduction experiments. the results show a chromosomal distance of about 1 min between rfa-7 and mtl. such a position would be similar to those of rfa genes in escherichia coli k12 and salmonella typhi-murium lt2. conjugational transfer of e. coli k12 rfa+ genes to mutant f680 restored s. flexneri o-specificity. chemical analyses performed ...	1977	326120
inactivation by ionizing radiation of salmonella enteritidis serotype montevideo grown in composed sewage sludge.	s. enteritidis ser. montevideo were grown in composted sewage sludge to levels of approximately 10(9)/g. these bacteria were found to be inactivated by ionizing radiation at approximately the same rate (30 krads/log) as salmonella species in liquid digested sludge.	1977	326182
salmonella in surface waters of central new york state.	six tributary streams and southern cayuga lake in central new york state were sampled for the presence of salmonella on swabs immersed for 4 days. of a total of 322 swabs, 39% yielded salmonellae. swabs were cultured in tetrathionate enrichment at 41.5 degrees c. isolations were made from brilliant green agar. salmonellae were isolated from many sites on the streams and from some lake sites. twenty-five serotypes (11 somatic antigen groups) and a distinct biotype of s. typhimurium (h2s negative) ...	1977	326183
toxicity and mutagenicity of hexavalent chromium on salmonella typhimurium.	four hexavalent and two trivalent chromium compounds were tested for toxicity and mutagenicity by means of the salmonella typhimurium/mammalian-microsome test. all hexavalent compounds yielded a complete inhibition of bacterial growth at doses of 400 to 800 mug/plate, a significant increase of his(+) revertant colonies at doses ranging from 10 to 200 mug, and no effect at doses of less than 10 mug. the distinctive sensitivity of the four salmonella strains tested (ta1535, ta1537, ta98, and ta100 ...	1977	326184
ambient-temperature primary nonselective enrichment for isolation of salmonella spp. from an estuarine environment.	a primary, nonselective, ambient-temperature enrichment procedure for isolation of salmonella spp. is described. the procedure was superior to elevated-temperature selective enrichment for salmonella when estuarine water samples were examined. five chesapeake bay stations were monitored, over an 8-month period, for the presence of salmonellae. of 72 water and sediment samples collected, 17 (23.6%) yielded salmonella spp. seven serotypes were identified among the isolates. a seasonal pattern was ...	1977	326187
use of enzyme-labeled antibodies to detect salmonella in foods.	an indirect enzyme-labeled antibody technique (elat), in which salmonella typhimurium was used as a model, was developed as a method to detect salmonella in food samples. a cellulose-acetate membrane filter, the matrix for detection, was placed on a membrane-filter base and overlaid with a multiwelled lucite template. mixed broth enrichment cultures were dispensed in the template wells, and cells were spotted onto the membrane via suction. after fixation, the membranes were immersed in rabbit an ...	1977	326193
the dillon beach project--a five-year epidemiological study of naturally occurring salmonella infection in turkeys and their environment.	a 5-year epidemiological study of naturally occurring salmonella infection 2 basic strains of turkeys and their environment was completed. multiple generations of these turkeys, free from salmonella infection, were raised on a new commercial breeding ranch (the dillon beach ranch) in california during a 31/2-year period. eight salmonella serotypes eventually gained access to the ranch. egg transmission and prior contamination of the premises were ruled out as the source of these infections. the ...	1977	326249
[spread of salmonella infections in calves in a district of northwest germany].		1977	326510
a new approach for the solid phase sequence determination of proteins.		1977	326576
susceptibility of lipopolysaccharide mutants to the bactericidal action of human neutrophil lysosomal fractions.	acetate extracts of purified human neutrophil granules (a mixed population containing specific and azurophil granules) were dialyzed against phosphate-buffered saline (ph 7.0) and tested for bactericidal activity against smooth parent and rough mutant, gram-negative bacteria. rough (re) mutants of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, and salmonella minnesota were exquisitely more sensitive to extracts of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte granules than were their smooth (s) parents. the mean ...	1977	326666
regulation of l-cystine transport in salmonella typhimurium.	a kinetic analysis of l-cystine uptake in wild-type salmonella typhimurium indicates the presence of at least two, and possibly three, separate transport systems. cts-1 accounts for the majority of uptake at 20 mum l-cystine, with a vmax of 9.5 nmol/min per mg and a km of 2.0 mum; cts-2 is a low-capacity, higher-affinity system with a vmax of 0.22 nmol/min per mg and a km of 0.05 mum; a third, nonsaturable process has been designated cts-3. we find that wild-type cts-1 levels are at least 11 tim ...	1977	326753
origin of the heterogeneity of cell wall o-polysaccharides from salmonella zuerich (1,9,12,(46),27).	the heterogeneity of the cell wall o-polysaccharide of salmonella zuerich (factor 1 present or absent) is probably not due to mutations in the stock since it was seen in essentially similar fashion (proportion one 1+ to four 1-forms) in four separate lots of polysaccharide extracted from separate culture batches. the results of indirect fluorescent antibody studies suggest that form variation of factor 1, occurring at an unusually high rate, is the most probable basis of the heterogeneity.	1977	326754
lipid a mutants of salmonella typhimurium. characterization of a conditional lethal mutant in 3-deoxy-d-mannooctulosonate-8-phosphate synthetase.		1977	326782
spectrophotometry as a tool for assaying endotoxins.	a spectrophotometric method is reported for assaying endotoxins over a wide concentration range, including low parts per billion levels. five solution of endotoxins. escherichia coli 0127:b8, escherichia coli 055:b5, salmonella abortus-equi, salmonella enteritidis, and shigella flexneri, were examined. each exhibited an absorption maximum at 259 nm, but the absorptivities differed in each case. thus, rigorous quantification requires that the identity of the endotoxin be known. the uv absorbance ...	1977	327056
an abnormal response of nude mice to endotoxin.		1977	327064
differences in antischistosomal and mutagenic properties between an isothiocyano- and an isocyanonitrodiphenylamine.	while 4-isothiocyano-4'-nitrodiphenylamine has high schistosomicidal activity in vivo and is devoid of mutagenic properties in vitro, the reverse is true for the isocyano analogue of this compound; i.e., replacement of the sulfur by oxygen results in a compound that has no demonstrable antischistosomal effects and exhibits significant mutagenic activity.	1977	327069
pyrogenic specificity of endotoxin and exotoxin a.		1977	327119
synthetic disaccharide-protein antigens for production of specific 04 and 09 antisera for immunofluorescence diagnosis of salmonella.	the synthetic disaccharides abequose 1 leads to a 3 mannose and tyvelose 1 leads to a 3 mannose, representative of salmonella o-antigen 4 and 9 respectively, were covalently linked to bovine serum albumin (bsa) . antisera from rabbits immunized with these immunogens were used in indirect immunofluorescence assay for the identification of group b (o-antigen 4) and d (o-antigen 9) salmonella. a total of 1030 enteric bacterial strains were tested, including 207 group b and 55 group d salmonella. th ...	1977	327249
detection of messenger rna from the isoleucine--valine operons of salmonella typhimurium by heterologous dna-rna hybridization: involvement of transfer rna in transcriptional repression.	a hybridization assay using escherichia coli k-12 dna isolated from the specialized transducing bacteriophage gammaci857st68h80 dilv was used to examine the rate of synthesis of the messenger rna's (mrna) derived from the isoleucine-valine (ilv) gene cluster of salmonella typhimurium. in all cases examined, changes in ilv enzyme levels could be correlated with changes in the rate of synthesis of ilv mrna. several well characterized regulatory mutants of s. typhimurium had rates of synthesis of ...	1977	327261
[pre-disposing factors and treatment problems in systemic invasion due to salmonella typhimurium in childhood].		1977	327297
the use of rec-bacteria for testing of carcinogenic substances.	a series of rec-escherichia coli strains were tested for their sensitivity to four known carcinogenic compounds by examination of a zone of inhibited bacterial growth around a central well containing the test chemical. the mutants reca-, recb-, recc-, and reca- recb- recc- were all more sensitive to the mutagens than the parental strain ab1157. the recb- recc- strain was examined with a larger series of compounds and was found to respond to many of the substances in a similar way as the salmonel ...	1977	327303
relative efficiencies of a series of square-planar plantinum(ii) compounds on salmonella mutagenesis.	twelve pt(ii) compounds have been tested for mutagenicity on salmonella typhimurium (strain ta 100). very high mutagenic activities were found for the cis derivatives. a correlation is suggested between these results and a formerly described model of chemical reactivity towards dna, according to which cis derivatives from intra-strand chelates with guanine. a smaller activity was found with monodentate complexes with dna.	1977	327304
mutagenicity of anti-cancer nitrobenzofuroxans.	anti-leukaemically active benzofuroxans were tested for mutagenicity in salmonella typhimurium. mutagenicity was not found to be correlated to the previously established anti-leukaemic activity. one anti-leukaemically inactive compound after exposure to liver microsomal enzymes proved the most mutagenic of the derivatives for ta100, whereas after similar treatment, the mutagenicity of the most potent anti-leukaemic compound was reduced. all twelve derivatives tested were mutagenic in a base-subs ...	1977	327305
detection of mutagenic activity in particulate air pollutants.	ames's strains of salmonella typhimurium were used to evaluate the mutagenic activity of airbone particulate materials collected at six different points in the industrial area of ohmuta and the residential area fukuoka. tests were done in presence of rat-liver s-9 fraction isolated from rats that had been treated with aroclor 1254. when the number of revertant colonies per plate was plotted against the amount of methanol extract of particulate air pollutants, using strain ta98, approximately lin ...	1977	327308
mutagenicity of polycyclic hydrocarbons. ii. monitoring genetical hazards of chrysene in vitro and vivo.	mutagenicity tests were performed with chrysene in the salmonella/microsome test, nmri-mice oocytes, bone-marrow cells and spermatogonia of chinese hamsters. only in mice oocytes was a weak but significant increase of structural chromosome aberrations observed. correlations were found between weak carcinogenic and observed weak mutagenic activities of chrysene in vitro and in vivo.	1977	327309
mutagenic studies with acrylonitrile.	the mutagenicity of acrylonitrile (vinyl cyanide, propenenitrile) has been demonstrated in the ames salmonella typhimurium/liver microsome assay system. acrylonitrile, in the presence of a mouse liver homogenate produced mutations in the ta 1535, ta 1538 and ta 1978 strains. exposure of the bacteria was achieved by spotting the acrylonitrile on a "lawn" of salmonella, by shaking a reaction mixture consisting of bacteria, liver homogenate and acrylonitrile, and by exposing the homogenate and bact ...	1977	327311
mutagenic activity of amino acid pyrolyzates in salmonella typhimurium ta 98.	pyrolyzates of 25 amino acids and 5 indole derivatives were tested for mutagenicity in the histidine-requiring mutant salmonella typhimurium ta 98. significant mutagenic activity was detected with pyrolyzates of most of the amino acids. these pyrolyzates required a liver microsomal fraction, as representative of mammalian metabolism, to be detected as mutagens. among the pyrolyzates tested, the highest mutagenic activity was observed with that of l-tryptophan. as little as 10 microgram of the py ...	1977	327312
mutagenic evaluation of nitrofuran derivatives in salmonella typhimurium, by the micronucleus test, and by in vivo cytogenetics.		1977	327313
mutagenicity tests on anthelmintics: microsomal activation of viprynium embonate to a mutagen.	eight anthelmintic preparations readily available in australia were tested for mutagenicity in the salmonella typhimurium test system. a slightly modified version of the procedure recommended by ames et al. [2] was adopted, in that the test samples were placed in "wells" cut out of the agar of a plate previously seeded with the appropriate tester strain. addition of a mixture of rat liver microsomal enzymes and appropriate co-factors ("s-9 mix") to one of the two wells on a single plate allowed ...	1977	327314
mutagenicity of nitrovin--a nitrofuran feed additive.	nitrovin, a nitrofuran feed additive, is shown to be directly mutagenic in salmonella typhimurium ta 98 and ta 100 between 0.1 and 2.5 microgram per plate (0.09--2.3 micrometer). addition of a rat-liver homogenate reduces the mutation rates. nitrovin inhibits growth of the same bacteria in suspension cultures at concentrations above 0.09 micrometer.	1977	327315
relation between chemical constituents of tobacco and mutagenic activity of cigarette smoke condensate.	mutagenic activities of cigarette smoke condensate were assayed in the presence of s-9 mix using salmonella typhimurium ta 98. the results were examined in relation to chemical data of tobacco leaves. among the nitrogenous constituents examined, the contents of total nitrogen and protein nitrogen and the soluble nitrogenous fraction were positively and significantly related to an increase in mutagenic activity of the smoke condensate, whereas nicotine and nitrate were not important in contributi ...	1977	327316
mutagenic activity of quercetin and related compounds.	the mutagenic activities of several flavonoids and flavonoid metabolites were examined by means of salmonella typhimurium mutants that reveal base-pair substitution and frameshift mutagens. of the compounds tested (naringin, rutin, neohesperetin, hesperetin, dihydroquercetin, quercetin, quercetin pentaacetate, permethylquercetin, m-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and m,p-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid), only quercetin was mutagenic without microsomal activation. with activation, however, the mutagenic act ...	1977	327550
amoxycillin: distribution and clinical efficacy in calves.		1977	327677
gentamicins.	gentamicin is a new broad-spectrum antibiotic, basic and water-soluble, produced and developed by schering corporation-bloomfield, new jersey (1967 and 1968). it is produced by micromonospora purpurea, a member of a genus of microorganisms from which no other antibiotics have been derived. paper chromatographic techniques showed the components of gentamicin complex designated as c', c'a, and c2. gentamicins are bactericidal antibiotics, active in vivo in low concentrations against a wide spectru ...	1977	327729
butylhydroxyanisol (bha), butylhydroxytoluene (bht) and ethoxyquin (emq) tested for mutagenicity.		1977	327771
r factor types found in salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli isolated from calves in a confined environment.	typing of r factors by genetic properties was done with salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli isolated from calves on a feedlot where epizootics of clinical or subclinical calf salmonellosis had repeatedly occurred during 5 years. forty-nine r factors from s typhimurium were fi- (no fertility inhibition) and spp- (no restriction against phage lambda vir). twenty-three (46.9%) of them belonged to compatibility group ialpha and the remainder were nontypable. fourteen r factors from e coli be ...	1977	327875
beta-lactamase-directed barrier for penicillins of escherichia coli carrying r plasmids.	strains of escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium carrying r plasmids, which were obtained from ampicillin-resistant clinical isolates of e. coli and klebsiella spp. and specified either the type iiia (tem-type) or type va (oxacillin-hydrolyzing) beta-lactamase, are resistant not only to ampicillin but also to carbenicillin and sulbenicillin. the latter two derivatives, however, are poorly hydrolyzed in vitro by the beta-lactamases. although values of k(m) of the enzymes are lower for sulbe ...	1977	327924
salmonella abscess. a potential nosocomial hazard.	abscess formation by salmonella species is an uncommon but significant manifestation of salmonellosis. these localized infections can serve as sources for hospital outbreaks. appropriate isolation measures and management require early recognition. three patients with salmonella abscess were admitted to hospital with a diagnosis other than salmonella infection. in two, admitted with diagnoses of cholelithiasis and acute appendicitis, respectively, postoperative salmonella infections developed. a ...	1977	327976
the effects of antioxidants on the metabolism and mutagenicity of benzo[a]pyrene in vitro.	antioxidants inhibit the rat liver microsomal mixed-function-oxidase-catalysed hydroxylation of benzo[a]pyrene. these antioxidants also decrease the formation of mutagenic products from benzo[a]pyrene as judged by the ames bacterial-mutagenicity assay [b.n. ames, j. mccann & e. yamazaki (1975) mutat. res. 31, 347-364]. it is suggested that antioxidants exert their protective effect against cancer by inhibiting the formation of carcinogenic metabolites.	1977	328015
stereoselectivity and stereospecificity of the alpha,beta-dihydroxyacid dehydratase from salmonella typhimurium.	1. in addition to the known 2r,3r- and 2r, 3s-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acids (dhi), the 1s,3s- and ss,dr-isomers were prepared. 2s-2,3-dihydroxy-3-methylbutanoic acid (dhv) was also prepared in addition to the known 2r-isomer. 2. the six dihydroxy acids were examined for their ability to promote the growth of isoleucine-valine (ilv)-requiring strains of salmonella typhimurium and to serve as substrates for the alpha,beta-dihydroxyacid dehydratase of the same organism. 3. only 2r,3r-2,3-di ...	1977	328058
mutagenicity testing of styrene and styrene epoxide in salmonella typhimurium.		1977	328090
the chemistry and biogenesis of the s-containing metabolites of vinyl chloride in rats.		1977	328181
isolation of mutants conditionally blocked in the biosynthesis of the 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic-acid--lipid-a part of lipopolysaccharides derived from salmonella typhimurium.	a procedure is described for the selection of conditional 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic-acid--lipid a mutants which depends on temperature sensitivity for both synthesis of complete lipopolysaccharide and for growth. using this procedure new types of mutants were isolated which cease growth and accumulate lipid a precursors following a shift to nonpermissive temperatures. all precursor molecules differ in their charge as judged by deae-cellulose chromatography. while they all contain glucosamine, ...	1977	328282
[studies on the resistance of a congenic resistant strain of mice (dkir) against infection with salmonella enteritidis (author's transl)].	a congenic strain of mice (dkir) having a relatively resistant gene for mouse typhoid was established by the beckcross mating between c3h/he and dki strains. dki strain is highly and uniformly susceptible to the infection with salmonella enteritidis and c3h/he is relatively resistant to that infection. the present paper reported the consistency of resistance to salmonella infection of dkir strain throughout generations after 10 backcross matings. difference of the number of infected organisms in ...	1977	328292
ochre suppression in salmonella typhimurium.	a bacterial strain was constructed which permitted positive selection for ochre suppressor mutations as well as for the loss of suppressor function. a derivative bearing an ochre suppressor mutation was selected following mutagenesis with n-methyl-n-nitroso-n'-nitroguanidine. the suppressor-bearing strain was treated with nitrous acid to eliminate suppressor function by mutation, and a strain lacking suppressor activity was selected. the selected strain which had lost suppressor function was the ...	1977	328342
immunogenic cross-reactivity between human tissues and the enterobacterial common antigen.	sterile tissues of human subjects free from infection and malignancy were assessed for an antigen that cross-reacts with the enterobacterial common antigen (eca). extracts of heated homogenates (he) and ethanol-soluble (es) fractions of liver, kidney, muscle, and heart tissues were examined for their capacities to react with eca antibodies, as measured by hemagglutination procedures, and to elicit eca humoral antibodies in rabbits. both he and es extracts of human liver and kidney tissues specif ...	1977	328395
role of endotoxin contamination in ribiosomal vaccines prepared from salmonella typhimurium.	ribosomal vaccines prepared from salmonella typhimurium sr-11 and 6707 an re mutant bacterium of strain lt2, were effective immunogens in a/j and c3h/hedub inbred mice. only sr-11 ribosomes were able to induce significant protection in c3h/hej mice. c57bl/6j mice were not protected by either ribosomal preparation. a/j mice were protected against salmonella infection by purified sr-11 endotoxin preparations. neither the c3h/hedub, the c3h/hej, nor the c57bl/6j mice were protected by the endotoxin ...	1977	328399
phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system in ancalomicrobium adetum.	ancalomicrobium adetum possesses a membrane-associated phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system, the components of which exhibited enzymatic cross-reactivity with those from salmonella typhimurium.	1977	328495
the immunization of mice and calves with gal e mutants of salmonella typhimurium.	a galactose epimeraseless (gal e) mutant of salmonella typhimurium was investigated in mice and calves for its suitability as a live vaccine. in mice, a very highly significant difference in the mortality rates was observed when vaccinated and non-vaccinated animals were challenged with virulent strains of s. typhimurium and s. dublin. in calves, doses of 10(6) and above of gal e mutant injected subcutaneously provided highly significant protection both in terms of mortality and prevalence of sy ...	1977	328767
the diagnosis of salmonella abortion in cattle with particular reference to salmonella dublin. a review.	the diagnosis of abortion in cattle caused by salmonella dublin depends upon the isolation of the organism from either the products of conception, uterine discharges, vaginal mucus or milk together with serological evidence of active infection. s. dublin may be isolated when an active or a latent carrier cow abourts but in these cases an active infection will not be demonstrable. the retrospective identification of a case of s. dublin abortion may prove difficult as excretion of the organism is ...	1977	328768
a study of enteropathogenic organisms isolated in the public health laboratory, lusaka.	a total of 328 specimens of stools were examined in the public health laboratory during january and february 1973. enteropathogens were isolated from 117 of these specimens. besides these, 12 strains of salmonellae were isolated from blood and 8 from urine. an occasional salmonella was isolated from the pleural fluid (s. paratyphi a) pus from the knee (s. enteritidis) and from the c.s.f. of an infant (s. paratyphi c.). salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi a are the predominant salmonella sp ...	1977	328771
physicochemical consequences of opsonization: perturbation of liposomal membranes by salmonella typhimurium 395 ms opsonized with igg antibodies.	when phagocytosis-resistant salmonella typhimurium 395 ms bacteria sensitized with anti-ms igg antibodies were incubated with liposomes composed of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and dicetylphosphate, a previously sequestered liposomal marker (4-methylumbelliferylphosphate) was released. unsensitized or f(ab')2-sensitized bacteria had no such effect. this perturbation was neither dependent upon negatively charged dicetylphosphate nor upon cholesterol. it was further evident that palmitoyl-pol ...	1977	328778
normal-to-curly flagellar transitions and their role in bacterial tumbling. stabilization of an alternative quaternary structure by mechanical force.		1977	328893
relationships of quantum mechanical calculations, relative mutagenicity of benzo[a]anthracene diol epoxides, and "bay region" concept of aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogenicity.	evidence supporting the conclusion that 7,8-dihydroxy-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrenes are ultimate mutagenic and carcinogenic forms of benzo[a]pyrene (bp) is summarized. qauntum mechanical calculations that predict reactivity of diol epoxides derived from bp and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are described. the calculations predict that diol epoxides in which the oxirane ring forms part of a "bay region" of a tetrahydrobenzo ring should be the most reactive for a given arom ...	1977	328916
e proteins of bacteriophage p22. i. identification and ejection from wild-type and defective particles.	of the nine proteins found in the virion of phage p22, four are ejected into the cell after adsorption. the four ejected proteins, termed e proteins, are gp16, gp20, gp26, and gp7. this was determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of radioactively labeled phage that had been adsorbed to cells and then eluted off the surface with distilled water. phage particles that lack gp7 (7- particles) or gp20 (20- particles) successfully eject all their e proteins. the 16- par ...	1977	328927
waterborne outbreaks.		1977	328941
[comparison of various aspects of normal and filamentous forms of s. enteritidis].	for more detailed information on filamentous and normal forms of s. enteritidis, electronmicrographic studies and slide cultures were carried out. the filaments show similarity to normal forms of s. entertidis except for their length. they produce the normal forms of bacteria when transferred to suitable media. some of the filaments exhibited various degrees of degeneration in their walls. some of them consist of only a collapsed cell wall, because they lose their cell content. we think those ar ...	1977	329071
[properties of the common fractions of candida, various yeasts and salmonella cholerae suis 0 6,7 antigens].	the agglutinating serum of s. cholerae suis, obtained against the 0 6,7 antigens, agglutinated c. guilliermondii var. carpophila and t. candida, both in tube and on slide. the anti-0 serum obtained from r phase of s. cholerae suis did not agglutinate the mentioned strains anylonger.	1977	329072
[salmonella typhimurium isolated from the spinal fluid of 2 children].	in this article isolation of s. typhimurium bacteria from cebrospinal fluid of two children is reported.	1977	329073
incompatibility and bacteriophage inhibition properties of n-1, a plasmid belonging to the h2 incompatibility group.	n-1, a plasmid isolated from a strain of shigella flexneri in japan more than 10 years ago, mediates the phage inhibition phenotype which has recently been found to be characteristic of plasmids of the h2 incompatibility group. using the criteria of phage inhibition, surface exclusion and incompatibility, the n-1 plasmid is shown to be closely related to h2 plasmids isolated from non-typhoid salmonella and distantly related to h1 plasmids isolated from salmonella typhi. plasmids of other incompa ...	1977	329103
internal reinitiation of translation in polar mutants of the trpb gene of salmonella typhimurium.		1977	329111
on the ability of salmonella typhimurium cells to form deoxycytidine nucleotides.	it is known that cdd- s. typhimurium mutants selected for resistance to 5-fluorodeoxycytidine (fdcyd) possess no deoxycytidine kinase activity. the present study postulates that this method of screening selects double mutants defective in cytidine deaminase and in deoxycytidine kinase. to prove this hypothesis, the cdd mutant of s. typhimurium was constructed by p1-mediated transfer of ccd- gene into a new genetic background, and the activity of deoxycytidine kinase was assayed. transductants ex ...	1977	329115
effect of mutant host rna polymerase on the bifunctional activities of p22 gene c1.	the product of phage p22 gene c1 has two functions: (1) it promotes synthesis of repressor and (2) during the first minutes of infection it retards expression of some lytic genes. we call the second, negative function "c1 retardation". we investigated c1 retardation in a mutant host of salmonella typhimurium that is resistant to rifampicin and carries an altered rna polymerase. no c1 retardation of dna synthesis was detectable in this host after infection with wild-type phages. this elimination ...	1977	329118
inhibition by l-ascorbate of bacterial mutagenesis induced by two n-nitroso compounds.		1977	329146
enteric pathogens in infants and children in shiraz, iran: a study of their incidences and infectious drug resistance.	gastroenteritis is a serious problem among young children in shiraz iran and often requires antibiotic therapy as it is commonly superimposed on other debilitating clinical conditions. stool specimens from over four hundred cases of gastroenteritis among children up to six years of age were examined for the presence of bacterial pathogens and the pattern of drug sensitivity for each pathogenic genus was determined. the presence of infectious drug resistance factors among these isolates was also ...	1977	329190
[salmonella typhimurium infection during systemic lupus erythematosus].		1977	329376
[acute bacterial diarrhea. physiopathology and treatment].		1977	329395
incorporation of 125 i-fibrinogen in circulating soluble fibrin monomer complexes during hypercoagulability.		1977	329464
estimation and characterization of soluble fibrin monomer complexes during endotoxin-induced intravascular coagulation.		1977	329465
[studies for the presence of salmonella in the bone marrow of normal slaughtered pigs (author's transl)].	of sixty pigs in which the tonsils, mesenteric lymph nodes, caecal contents, liver and bile, urinary bladder and bone marrow were examined for the presence of salmonella, thirty-six (60 per cent) were found to be positive. the results were as follows: tonsils alone one, mesenteric lymph nodes alone five, tonsils plus mesenteric lymph nodes two, mesenteric lymph nodes plus caecal contents seven, tonsils plus caecal contents six, tonsils plus mesenteric lymph nodes plus caecal contents six, caecal ...	1977	329469
metabolic activation of haloalkanes and tests in vitro for mutagenicity.	1. during incubation of 14ccl4, 14chcl3, [14c]halothane, or 14ccl3f with liver microsomes and nadph, considerable radioactivity is bound irreversibly to endoplasmic protein and lipid. however, no 14c was detected in the ribosomal rna. 2. none of the four haloalkanes studied induced mutations after incubation with liver microsomes and the bacterial tester strains s. typhimurium ta 1535 and ta 1538. 3. very low or no activity was associated with soluble protein or rna added to incubation mixtures ...	1977	329590
[a contribution on the existence of salmonella in surgical wounds (author's transl)].	in a female patient with metastasizing carcinoma s. typhimurium was identified in the laparotomy wound during a period of roughly three weeks. agglutinating antibodies were not detected. pathogenetic and hygienic aspects are discussed.	1977	329622
the tendency of smooth and rough salmonella typhimurium bacteria and lipopolysaccharide to hydrophobic and ionic interaction, as studied in aqueous polymer two-phase systems.	in aqueous two-phase system, the partition of bacteria and lipopolysaccharide from a rough (r) strain (rd-mutant) of salmonella typhimurium is influenced by polymers with covalently linked hydrophobic groups indicating hydrophobic structures accessible at the cell surface. furthermore, the partition of the r bacteria is influenced by a number of inorganic positive and negative ions, presumably as a consequence of interaction with negatively charged surface structures. in contrast, smooth (s) bac ...	1977	329639
nutritional effects of salmonellosis in mice.	mice infected with a standard challenge of salmonella typhimurium manifest a number of changes associated with endotoxemia. these changes result in profound alterations in the nutritional and metabolic status of the host. food and water intake approaches levels of total inanition, blood glucose declines more rapidly than in fasted controls, hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (the enzyme that is rate limiting in gluconeogenesis) shows diminished activity and loss of cortisol inducibility, ...	1977	329666
enteric pathogens: use of flow diagrams for identification.	a protocol is presented for the cultural processing of stool specimens. flow diagrams were developed which allow all stool cultures to be processed in a consistent and efficient manner. criteria have been established to indicate when definitive identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing are required. a review of the food-poisoning syndrome and infective gastrointestinal disease due to bacterial agents is included.	1977	329674
[antibiotics sensitivity of "hospital" strains of s. typhimurium].	sensitivity of styphimurium strains isolated under conditions of a hospital infection to antibiotics were studied in comparison with the strains of the given serological type isolated from other sources and with the strains of other serological types of groups b, c, d and e. it was shown that the strains causing outbreaks of hospital infections were characterized by polyresistance to 7 out of 9 antibiotics tested. all the salmonella strains tested were sensitive to gentamicin and about a half of ...	1977	329746
[structure of the antibiotic resistance of the salmonellae found in transcarpathia].	resistance of 1280 strains of salmonella of various serological types isolated in the zakarpatskaya region within 1967-1976 was studied with respect to benzylpenicillin, streptomycin tetracycline, levomycetin, monomycin, neomycin, erythromycin and oleandomycin. an increase in the resistance of salmonella to streptomycin, tetracycline, levomycetin, monomycin and neomycin was shown. during the last years salmonellae carrying 4-8 resistance determinants were spreading in the region. among s. typhim ...	1977	329753
mutagenic studies of folic acid antagonists.	compounds that compete with folic acid (folic acid antagonists [faas]) become limited in their usefulness in the treatment of leukemia, malaria, and bacterial infections by the rapid development of resistance. assays of the plasma levels of certain of these faas led to the observation, in about 25% of the determinations, that a higher density of growth of streptococcus faecium var. durans (atcc 8043) was obtained at an faa concentration just below the completely inhibitory level than at one-half ...	1977	329758
inefficiency of sanitation measures aboard commercial aircraft: environmental pollution and disease.	recent investigations at tokyo international airport have proven that environmental pollution resulting from the inefficient disposal of human excretion aboard aircraft is an important problem from the standpoint of quarantine. it is, therefore, recommended that the worldwide aviation industry take immediate measures to improve conditions and eliminate this problem, which has thus far been ignored by aircraft designers, airport administration, and cab personnel.	1977	329830
histidinol dehydrogenase from salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. purification, some characteristics and the amino acid sequence around a reactive thiol group.	the purification and some physical properties of histidinol dehydrogenase, l-histidinol-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxido-reductase (ec 1.1.1.23) from either salmonella typhimurium or escherichia coli are reported in this paper. modification of histidinol dehydrogenase with one equivalent of n-(4-dimethylamino-3,5-dinitrophenyl)maleimide at ph 6.8 yields an enzyme that is inactive toward the oxidation of l-histidinol. the modified cysteine residue was located in an acid insoluble tryptic c ...	1977	329890
mutagenicity of smoke condensates from cigarettes, cigars and pipe tobacco.	smoke condensates from cigarettes, cigars and pipe tobacco were mutagenic on salmonella typhimurium ta100 and ta98 when activated with rat liver microsomal system. mutagenicity of a unit weight of smoke condensate was rather high in cigars, low in pipe tobacco and intermediate in cigarettes. specific mutagenic activity was almost comparable among smoke condensates from low- to high-tar cigarettes, although some variations were observed depending upon the country producing the cigarettes. marked ...	1977	329976
transfer of episome f'lac+ and chromosomal trp+ genes from erwinia amylovora to salmonella typhimurium.	the f'lac+ episome of escherichia coli origin was transferred by conjugation with frequencies of 10(-7) to 10(-5) from erwinia amylovora to 14 out of 15 salmonella typhimurium trp female parents. the chromosomal trp+ genes were transferred with frequencies of 10(-7) to 10(-6) only to one trpb and 2 trpd female parents, which have a point mutation in the 2nd and fourth structural genes, respectively, of the tryptophan operon. the transferred male trp+ genes became integrated at the selected sites ...	1977	330120
b lymphocyte development in fetal liver. i. development of reactivities to b cell mitogens "in vivo" and "in vitro".		1977	330170
humoral response to salmonella typhimurium antigens in normal and thymectomized urodele amphibian pleurodeles waltlii michah.		1977	330172
the antipyretic effect of flurbiprofen.	flurbiprofen, like its predecessor ibuprofen, possesses antipyretic properties in the endotoxin-fevered rabbit. comparison of flurbiprofen and ibuprofen at varying dosages, reveals that flurbiprofen is at least 15 times more potent in this species. in goats, flurbiprofen is more potent than in rabbits. flurbiprofen inhibited the pyrogenic effect of intravenously administered leucocytic pyrogen, but it did not alter the release of leucocytic pyrogen from peritoneal exudate cells in vitro. moreove ...	1977	330173
in vitro mutagenicity of the soil nematicide 1,3-dichloropropene.	the cis- and trans-isomers of 1,3-dichloropropene have been tested in the ames mutagenicity assay system on salmonella typhimurium tester strain ta 1535. both isomers have been found to be mutagenic even without microsomal activation.	1977	330205
age and evolution of bacteria.		1977	330208
a comparison of the amino-terminal sequences of several carbohydrate binding proteins from escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium.		1977	330247
mutagenic activity of hymenovin, a sesquiterpene lactone from western bitterweed.		1977	330369
infection of hela cells with salmonella typhimurium 395 ms and mr10 bacteria.	after interaction with hela cells cultured in vitro, the fraction of adhering extracellular and that of internalized smooth salmonella typhimurium 395 ms and rough 395 mr10 have been determined by two different techniques. (i) by using the indirect fluorescent-antibody technique on unfixed and acetone-fixed hela cell preparations, intracellular bacteria were considered to become stained only after acetone fixation. (ii) based on the assumption that gentamicin affects only extracellular bacteria, ...	1977	330403
regulation of endotoxin-induced inhibition of macrophage migration by fresh serum.	purified endotoxin (lps) caused macrophage migration inhibition (mmi) in capillary tube cultures of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages in medium prepared with 15% fresh-frozen guinea pig serum. the inactivation of serum by heating at 56 degrees c for 30 min or by zymosan absorption prevented lps-induced mmi. lps was fully inhibitory in fresh c4-deficient guinea pig serum. heat treatment of normal serum at 50 to 52 degrees c for 30 min to inactivate the alternate complement (c) pathway prevented o ...	1977	330407
esculin hydrolysis by enterobacteriaceae.	literature reports disagree concerning esculin hydrolysis in the family enterobacteriaceae. a total of 2,490 strains of the family were investigated for esculin hydrolysis by two methods, the esculin spot test and the pathotec incubation strip, which measures constitutive enzyme, and five growth-supporting methods, which determine both constitutive and inducible enzymes. the five growth-supporting media studied were: vaughn-levine, the standard esculin hydrolysis medium (p. r. edwards and w. h. ...	1977	330558
mutagenicity of dieldrin in the salmonella-microsome test.	dieldrin was assayed in vitro for its mutagenic activity in several strains of s. typhimurium with and without aroclor 1254 treated mouse liver homogenate (s-9m). the mutagenicity of the insecticide was expressed maximally in all strains in the presence of liver s-9m and less so in three strains without liver microsomes.	1977	330620
gastroenteritis in children: a two-year review in manitoba. i. etiology.	during two years, 1,217 children hospitalized with gastroenteritis at the children's centre in winnipeg, manitoba, canada were studied. bacterial pathogens were present in 25% of these children: enteropathogenic escherichia coli in 120, shigella in 139, salmonella in 24, and multiple pathogens in 18. rotavirus was detected in 54 (11%) of 472 patients examined. rotavirus and enteropathogenic e. coli were the most common pathogens in infants, and shigella was the most common in older children. bac ...	1977	330769
cross-reactive antigens: their potential for immunization-induced immunity to gram-negative bacteria.	the involvement of multiple species and serologic types in gram-negative bacteremia prompted evaluation of immunization with shared, cross-reactive antigens of gram negative bacilli. active and passive immunization with re chemotype mutants of salmonella minnesota afforded significant protection against heterologous gram-negative bacilli and were considerably more effective than immunization with smooth s. minnesota or its ra, rb, rc, rd1 and rd2 mutants. since the lipopolysaccharide of the re m ...	1977	330775