Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| cloning, expression and characterization of a mammalian nudix hydrolase-like enzyme that cleaves the pyrophosphate bond of udp-glucose. | a distinct udp-glucose (udpg) pyrophosphatase (ugppase, ec 3.6.1.45) has been characterized using pig kidney ( sus scrofa ). this enzyme hydrolyses udpg, the precursor molecule of numerous glycosylation reactions in animals, to produce glucose 1-phosphate (g1p) and ump. sequence analyses of the purified enzyme revealed that, similar to the case of a nucleotide-sugar hydrolase controlling the intracellular levels of adp-glucose linked to glycogen biosynthesis in escherichia coli [moreno-bruna, ba ... | 2003 | 12429023 |
| interaction between hemoglobin and glutathione in the regulation of blood flow in normal and septic pigs. | hemoglobin (hb) induces vasoconstriction by heme group binding nitric oxide in an irreversible fashion. recent in vitro studies indicate that the thiol groups in hb reversibly bind nitric oxide and participate in trans-nitrosylation reactions with other thiols. sepsis is a pathophysiologic state characterized by vasodilation mediated, at least in part, by an excessive release of nitric oxide. the role of nitrosothiols (rsnos) in these changes is unknown. | 2002 | 12441760 |
| observation of additional calcium ion in the crystal structure of the triple mutant k56,120,121m of bovine pancreatic phospholipase a2. | phospholipase a(2) catalyses hydrolysis of the ester bond at the c2 position of 3-sn-phosphoglycerides. here we report the 1.9a resolution crystal structure of the triple mutant k56,120,121m of bovine pancreatic phospholipase a(2). the structure was solved by molecular replacement method using the orthorhombic form of the recombinant phospholipase a(2). the final protein model contains all the 123 amino acid residues, two calcium ions, 125 water molecules and one 2-methyl-2-4-pentanediol molecul ... | 2002 | 12460575 |
| succinate accumulation in pig large intestine during antibiotic-associated diarrhea and the constitution of succinate-producing flora. | succinate was the major organic acid detected in the hindgut content of pigs suffering from antibiotic-associated diarrhea. antibiotic-associated diarrhea was induced by an oral dose of polymyxin b sulfate (3,000,000 units/day) or an intramuscular injection of enrofloxacin (0.6 g enrofloxacin/day). in the large intestine of enrofloxacin-treated pigs, gram-negative facultative anaerobic rods phylogenetically related to escherichia coli and gram-positive facultative anaerobic non-spore-forming rod ... | 2002 | 12469297 |
| the effect of season and vaccination for glässer's disease and post-weaning colibacillosis in an outdoor pig unit endemically infected with virulent strain of haemophilus parasuis serotype 5 and pathogenic escherichia coli. | the objective of this field trial was to determine if vaccination against haemophilus parasuis serovar 5 (hps 5) and pathogenic serotypes of escherichia coli would improve nursery pig performance in an outdoor unit in different seasons. the unit was concurrently infected with hps 5 and with different serotypes of e. coli. all piglets were born to hps 5 vaccinated sows. the trial was carried out in four (two summer and two winter) groups. group 1 (e. coli and hps vaccinated, summer season) (n = 3 ... | 2002 | 12485355 |
| comparison of ligand polarization and enzyme activation in medium- and short-chain acyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase-novel analog complexes. | spectroelectrochemical and off-resonance raman indicate that substrate/product binding to medium-chain acyl-coenzyme a (coa) dehydrogenase (pmcad) results in ligand polarization and positive flavin potential shifts, which activate the enzyme for electron transfer. bacterial short-chain acyl-coa dehydrogenase (bscad) typically exhibits smaller potential shifts upon substrate/product binding that have not been linked to ligand polarization. to further investigate the roles of ligand binding and po ... | 2003 | 12504892 |
| [effect of monokines induced by yersinia pestis ev on the functional activity of neutrophils during development of antiplague immunity]. | a study was made of the yersinia pestis ev induced monokine complex influence on neutrophil (nph) functional activity in the course of antiplague immunity formation. the obtained monokines essentially enhance nph killing, chemotactic activities and fc-receptor expression, and stimulate lysosome membrane labilization of these cells. the helper effect of the y. pestis ev induced monokines on nph functional activity is more pronounced during the secondary immune response, than in the course of the ... | 2002 | 12506672 |
| flagella and motility in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. | actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae has been considered nonmotile and nonflagellate. in this work, it is demonstrated that a. pleuropneumoniae produces flagella composed of a 65-kda protein with an n-terminal amino acid sequence that shows 100% identity with those of escherichia coli, salmonella, and shigella flagellins. the dna sequence obtained through pcr of the flic gene in a. pleuropneumoniae showed considerable identity (93%) in its 5' and 3' ends with the dna sequences of corresponding genes ... | 2003 | 12511514 |
| bacteriological and genetic assessment of game meat from japanese wild boars. | bacterial tests were used to assess bacterial contamination of game meat from japanese wild boars. the bacterial contamination of wild boar meat was less than that of domestic pork, as determined by aerobic plate counts (apc) and coliform counts. none of the meat examined in this study was contaminated by salmonella or e. coli o-157. to detect adulteration by domestic pig meat or european wild boar meat, 46 samples of game meat sold as japanese wild boar were examined genetically. a total of 17 ... | 2003 | 12517093 |
| penetration of drug resistance in escherichia coli isolated from laboratory animals. | a total of 713 strains of fecal escherichia coli (e. coli) isolated from laboratory animals in the colonies of 4 research laboratories and 4 commercial breeders in japan in 1994 were examined in regard to resistance to 8 antibacterial agents. the incidence of resistance to sulfadimethoxine (su), streptomycin (sm), ampicillin, cephaloridine, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, and gentamicin was 99.9%, 32.5%, 6.7%, 0.7%, 7.0%, 2.6%, 6.6% and 0.7%, respectively. these results indicated that ... | 2002 | 12520107 |
| within-sample and between-sample variation of antimicrobial resistance in fecal escherichia coli isolates from pigs. | the present study was initiated to evaluate the effect of sampling time and within-sample variability on the diversity in antimicrobial resistance patterns in fecal escherichia coli from healthy pigs. isolates were tested against 11 antimicrobials. a total of 25 different profiles were observed, involving resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and/or a trimethoprim/sulfonamide combination. no isolates were resistant to enrofloxacin, gentamicin, or chlor ... | 2002 | 12523637 |
| resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds in food-related bacteria. | microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents continues to be a major problem. the frequent use and misuse of disinfectants based on quaternary ammonium compounds (qacs) in food-processing industries have imposed a selective pressure and may contribute to the emergence of disinfectant-resistant microorganisms. a total number of 1,325 gram-negative isolates (escherichia coli, other coliforms vibrio spp., and aeromonas spp.) and 500 enterococcus spp. from food and food-processing industries and fis ... | 2002 | 12523638 |
| conjugative plasmid conferring resistance to olaquindox. | a conjugative plasmid, pola52, conferring resistance to the antibiotic growth promoter olaquindox has been isolated from escherichia coli from swine manure. it also confers resistance to ampicillin and chloramphenicol and has a high frequency of transfer between strains of e. coli. plasmid-borne olaquindox resistance has not been demonstrated before. | 2003 | 12543696 |
| reduced faecal excretion of f4+-e coli by the intramuscular immunisation of suckling piglets by the addition of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 or cpg-oligodeoxynucleotides. | in this study it was analysed whether intramuscular (im) immunisation of piglets with f4 during the suckling period could protect against oral challenge with f4(+)-escherichia coli and whether addition of 1alpha,25(oh)(2)d(3) or cpg-odn could improve this protection.f4-seronegative f4-receptor positive pigs were divided into four groups of five pigs each. the pigs were intramuscularly injected with f4 fimbriae only or supplemented with 1alpha,25(oh)(2)d(3) (d(3)-group) or cpg-odn (cpg-group). th ... | 2003 | 12547616 |
| [rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli in food with multiplex pcr assay]. | rapid detection of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) in food was achieved by using multiplex pcr assay. the assay was designed to amplify the 1109, 302 and 228 bp regions of corresponding virulence genes eaea, hlyab, slt1 and/or slt2, by using specific primers for each one reaction. in 60 ehec and other strains, the above three virulence gene sequences were co-amplified from dna isolated from 12 ehec o157:h7 strains, 1 o26:h11 strain and 1 o111:h8 strain; eaea sequence was amplified from ... | 2001 | 12561602 |
| endogenous production of nitric oxide in endotoxemic piglets. | we sought to assess the relation between endotoxin-induced pulmonary hypertension and the production of nitric oxide (no) in neonatal animals. adult animals respond to endotoxin by increasing exhaled no and plasma no metabolites. the response of neonatal animals has not previously been reported. we administered 20 microg/kg of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) to 12- to 18-day-old and to 5- to 7-week-old piglets. pulmonary vascular resistance increased significantly in both age groups. e ... | 2003 | 12566683 |
| a new sulfonamide resistance gene (sul3) in escherichia coli is widespread in the pig population of switzerland. | a new gene, sul3, which specifies a 263-amino-acid protein similar to a dihydropteroate synthase encoded by the 54-kb conjugative plasmid pvp440 from escherichia coli was characterized. expression of the cloned sul3 gene conferred resistance to sulfamethoxazole on e. coli. two copies of the insertion element is15delta/26 flanked the region containing sul3. the sul3 gene was detected in one-third of the sulfonamide-resistant pathogenic e. coli isolates from pigs in switzerland. | 2003 | 12604565 |
| cloning, sequencing and expression of porcine cd40 ligand in escherichia coli and human and porcine cells. | the cd40l ligand (cd40l) plays an important role in the interaction between antigen-specific t lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells. the porcine cd40l encoding gene was isolated from porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) using rt-pcr. sequence analysis of the cloned cd40l gene showed an open reading frame of 786 base pairs encoding a 262 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular mass of 29 kd. the deduced amino acid sequence of the porcine cd40l shared 82%, 88% and 93% simila ... | 2002 | 12633569 |
| prevalence of bacterial faecal pathogens in separated and unseparated stored pig slurry. | to examine the prevalence and diversity of bacterial faecal pathogens in unseparated slurry, separated solids and liquid fractions from a commercial pig farm. | 2003 | 12641712 |
| the effect of escherichia coli endotoxin infusion on the ventilatory response to hypoxia in unanesthetized newborn piglets. | to determine the effects of endotoxemia on the neonatal ventilatory response to hypoxia, 17 chronically instrumented and unanesthetized newborn piglets (</=7 d) were studied before and 30 min after the administration of escherichia coli o55:b5 endotoxin (n = 8) or normal saline (n = 9). minute ventilation, oxygen consumption, heart rate, arterial blood pressure, and blood gases were measured during normoxia and 10 min of hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen, 0.10). basal ventilation was not modi ... | 2003 | 12646732 |
| detection and characterization of verotoxigenic escherichia coli by a vtec/ehec multiplex pcr in porcine faeces and pig carcass swabs. | to determine whether pigs and pig carcasses are a reservoir of verotoxigenic-producing escherichia coli, a sensitive and rapid isolation method was developed. a vtec/ehec multiplex pcr method was developed to test all samples taken at the farm (n=289) and at the slaughterhouse (n=233). from the 137 positive vtec/ehec multiplex pcr farm samples, 54 strains were isolated that carried one virulence gene. of these, thirty-one strains carried the vt2e variant of the vt2 gene, which causes oedemic dis ... | 2003 | 12648724 |
| unexpected similarity in regulation between an archaeal inositol monophosphatase/fructose bisphosphatase and chloroplast fructose bisphosphatase. | hyperthermophilic archaea have an unusual phosphatase that exhibits activity toward both inositol-1-phosphate and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, activities carried out by separate gene products in eukaryotes and bacteria. the structures of phosphatases from archaeoglobus fulgidus (af2372) and methanococcus jannaschii (mj0109), both anaerobic organisms, resemble the dimeric unit of the tetrameric pig kidney fructose bisphosphatase (fbpase). a striking feature of af2372, but not of mj0109, is that the ... | 2003 | 12649434 |
| presence and characterization of extraintestinal pathogenic escherichia coli virulence genes in f165-positive e. coli strains isolated from diseased calves and pigs. | the virulence genotype profile and presence of a pathogenicity island(s) (pai) were studied in 18 strains of f165-positive escherichia coli originally isolated from diseased calves or piglets. on the basis of their adhesion phenotypes and genotypes, these extraintestinal pathogenic strains were classified into three groups. the f165 fimbrial complex consists of at least two serologically and genetically distinct fimbriae: f165(1) and f165(2). f165(1) is encoded by the foo operon (pap-like), and ... | 2003 | 12682117 |
| in vitro elution of gentamicin from plaster of paris beads. | to determine the in vitro elution characteristics of gentamicin from plaster of paris-gentamicin (pop-gent) beads. | 2003 | 12692757 |
| isocitrate dehydrogenase of plasmodium falciparum. | erythrocytic stages of the malaria parasite plasmodium falciparum rely on glycolysis for their energy supply and it is unclear whether they obtain energy via mitochondrial respiration albeit enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle appear to be expressed in these parasite stages. isocitrate dehydrogenase (icdh) is either an integral part of the mitochondrial tca cycle or is involved in providing nadph for reductive reactions in the cell. the gene encoding p. falciparum icdh was cloned and a ... | 2003 | 12694190 |
| pathogen survival in swine manure environments and transmission of human enteric illness--a review. | the influence of zoonotic pathogens in animal manure on human health and well-being as a direct or indirect cause of human enteric illness is examined. available international data are considered, but the study is focused on the developing situation in western canada, where it is certain there will be further rapid growth in livestock numbers, particularly hogs. major pathogens considered are escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella, campylobacter, yersinia, cryptosporidium, and giardia. canada is n ... | 2003 | 12708660 |
| differences in antibiotic resistance in escherichia coli, isolated from east-european swine herds with or without prophylactic use of antibiotics. | the aim of the study was to compare the resistance patterns of escherichia coli isolates from pig herds with or without prophylactic use of anti-microbial substances. the presented pig units received either antibiotics or oregano as preventive feed additives. the trial was performed from april to october 2001, in the large 'country-corner', hungary-rumania-serbia. thirty of 39 evaluated herds suffered e. coli o139 k88 ac or ad lt stb caused losses, the remaining were negative for e. coli o139. t ... | 2003 | 12710497 |
| monoclonal antibodies to escherichia coli-expressed p46 and p65 membranous proteins for specific immunodetection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in lungs of infected pigs. | the p46 and p65 proteins of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae are two membranous proteins carrying species-specific antigenic determinants. based on the genomic sequence of the reference strain atcc 25934, primers were designed for pcr amplification of the genes encoding entire p46 (1,260 bp) and p65 (1,803 bp) and n-terminally truncated p65(c) (1,200 bp). these primers were shown to be specific to m. hyopneumoniae since no dna amplicons could be obtained with other mycoplasma species that commonly colon ... | 2003 | 12738649 |
| a comparative study of biochemical and immunological properties of triosephosphate isomerase from taenia solium and sus scrofa. | we produced the taenia solium triosephosphate isomerase (tpi) in escherichia coli and compared its biochemical and immunological properties with those of the commercial tpi from sus scrofa. taenia solium tpi is a homodimer composed of two 27-kda monomers, with a specific activity of 5,683 u/mg and a km value of 0.758, and s. scrofa tpi is also dimeric with similar monomeric molecular weight, specific activity of 4,227 u/mg, and a km value of 0.51. the catalytic parameters for the isomerization o ... | 2003 | 12760631 |
| progesterone increases susceptibility of gilts to uterine infections after intrauterine inoculation with infectious bacteria. | in cattle and sheep, a progestogenated uterus is susceptible to infections, but this is not well documented for pigs. therefore, the effects of day of the estrous cycle and progesterone on the susceptibility to uterine infections were evaluated. gilts (n = 5 per group) were assigned to treatments in 2 x 2 factorial arrays. in exp. 1, day of cycle and bacterial challenge were main effects. on d 0 or 8, uteri were inoculated with either 70 x 10(7) cfu of escherichia coli and 150 x 10(7) cfu of arc ... | 2003 | 12772852 |
| lipoprotein signal peptidase of streptococcus suis serotype 2. | this paper reports the complete coding sequence for a proliprotein signal peptidase (sp-ase) of streptococcus suis, lsp. this is believed to be the first sp-ase described for s. suis. sp-ase ii is involved in the removal of the signal peptide from glyceride-modified prolipoproteins. by using in vitro transcription/translation systems, it was shown that the lsp gene was transcribed in vitro. functionality of lsp in escherichia coli was demonstrated by using an in vitro globomycin resistance assay ... | 2003 | 12777481 |
| development and application of a pig il-8 elisa detection system. | interleukin 8 (il-8) is a chemotactic and activating chemokine, especially for neutrophils, which plays an important role in inflammatory process. a pig il-8 specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to measure il-8 concentrations in cell culture supernatants and biological fluids. a streptavidin-biotin amplified sandwich method uses mouse capture mab iz8.03 and detection biotinylated mouse mab iz8.04 against recombinant pig il-8. the assay specifically and reproducibly re ... | 2003 | 12778973 |
| antibiotic resistance in animals. | there is currently no systematic surveillance or monitoring of antibiotic resistance in australian animals. registration of antibiotics for use in animals is tightly controlled and has been very conservative. fluoroquinolones have not been registered for use in food producing animals and other products have been removed from the market because of human health concerns. in the late 1970s, the animal health committee coordinated a survey of resistance in salmonella and escherichia coli isolates fr ... | 2003 | 12807287 |
| surveillance for antibiotic resistance in veterinary pathogens from the perspective of a regional diagnostic laboratory. | the toowoomba veterinary laboratory tests for antibiotic resistance through passive surveillance of bacterial pathogens from diseased, frequently intensively managed, animals. testing is carried out on the basis of the number of animals involved, the nature and severity of the disease and the identity and significance of the bacterium, the results guiding the submitting veterinarian in implementing appropriate treatment. the antibiotics chosen for testing are those that are currently registered ... | 2003 | 12807288 |
| detection of salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica and verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157 in pigs at slaughter in italy. | from december 1999 to december 2000, 150 pigs were randomly selected in two large abattoirs of northern italy. caecal material and carcass swabs were collected and examined for salmonella, yersinia enterocolitica, and escherichia coli o157. tonsils were examined for salmonella and y. enterocolitica. salmonella was isolated from the intestinal content of 55 (36.7%) specimens, from 8 (5.3%) tonsils, and from 9 (6.0%) carcasses. ten different serotypes were detected; the more common were salmonella ... | 2003 | 12810275 |
| polymorphism of e. coli f18 receptor gene in different pig breeds. | the genetic variation of e. coli f18 receptor(ecf18r) loci in 867 pigs including large yorkshire, landrace, duroc, ningxiang pig, shaziling pig and daweizi pig was detected by pcr-rflp with hin6 i. the results showed as follows: the three exotic breeds including large yorkshire, landrace and duroc were proved to be polymorphic at the hin6 i-rflp site. the average susceptibility genotype frequency of ag and gg in the exotic breeds was 0.94, g allelic frequency was 0.76. the c-->a mutation frequen ... | 2003 | 12812087 |
| verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157:h7 in the swedish pig population. | verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli o157:h7 (vtec o157:h7) was detected in two of 2446 individual faecal samples collected from pigs slaughtered at five swedish slaughterhouses, indicating a prevalence of 0.08 per cent, with a 95 per cent confidence interval from 0 to 0.16 per cent four swedish vtec o157:h7-positive farms which kept ruminants and pigs were studied by repeated faecal sampling; vtec o157:h7 was isolated from the ruminants and pigs on all the farms and the same strains were pr ... | 2003 | 12825704 |
| the european ban on growth-promoting antibiotics and emerging consequences for human and animal health. | following the ban of all food animal growth-promoting antibiotics by sweden in 1986, the european union banned avoparcin in 1997 and bacitracin, spiramycin, tylosin and virginiamycin in 1999. three years later, the only attributable effect in humans has been a diminution in acquired resistance in enterococci isolated from human faecal carriers. there has been an increase in human infection from vancomycin-resistant enterococci in europe, probably related to the increased in usage of vancomycin f ... | 2003 | 12837737 |
| response of early-weaned pigs to an enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (k88) challenge when fed diets containing spray-dried porcine plasma or pea protein isolate plus egg yolk antibody. | enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec) infection and resulting scours is a major problem for young pigs, especially when purified plant proteins are fed rather than spray-dried porcine plasma (sdpp). the effect of supplementing a pea protein isolate (ppi)-based diet with egg yolk antibodies (eya) from laying hens immunized with etec k88 antigen on piglet performance, incidence of scours, and gut histology was studied in a 14-d trial. ninety-six 10-d-old weaned pigs were assigned to five dietary treatmen ... | 2003 | 12854815 |
| effect of apitherapy in piglets with preweaning diarrhea. | this study was designed to examine the therapeutic effect of honeybee (apis mellifera l.) venom in piglets with bacterial diarrhea comparison between bee venom- and drug-treated groups was our main concern in the present study. preweaning piglets were assigned to treated and non-treated control groups. in the treated group, 47 piglets were acupunctured with the worker honeybee once a day for three consecutive days. two acupoints, gv-1 (jiao-chao) and st-25 (hai-men), were selected for apitherapy ... | 2003 | 12856871 |
| susceptibility of escherichia coli and enterococcus faecium isolated from pigs and broiler chickens to tetracycline degradation products and distribution of tetracycline resistance determinants in e. coli from food animals. | one hundred escherichia coli isolates from diseased and healthy pigs, cattle and broiler chickens were screened for the presence of tetracycline resistance genes tet(a), (b), (c), (d) or (e). the tet(a) gene was the most abundant (71% of the 100 isolates) followed by tet(b) (25%). the predominance of tet(a) and tet(b) applied to all three animal species, and there was no difference between the distribution of tet(a) and tet(b) genes among non-pathogenic and pathogenic e. coli in any of the anima ... | 2003 | 12860079 |
| apparent heterogeneity of regional blood flow and metabolic changes within splanchnic tissues during experimental endotoxin shock. | we conducted a randomized, controlled experiment of prolonged lethal endotoxin shock in pigs aiming at 1) simultaneously measuring perfusion at different parts of the gut to study the potential heterogeneity of blood flow within the splanchnic region; 2) studying the association among regional blood flows, oxygen supply, and different metabolic markers of perfusion; and 3) analyzing the association between histological gut injury and markers of perfusion and metabolism. the primary response to e ... | 2003 | 12873953 |
| characterization of the novel factor paa involved in the early steps of the adhesion mechanism of attaching and effacing escherichia coli. | nonenterotoxigenic porcine escherichia coli strains belonging to the serogroup o45 have been associated with postweaning diarrhea in swine and adhere to intestinal epithelial cells in a characteristic attaching and effacing (a/e) pattern. o45 porcine enteropathogenic e. coli (pepec) strain 86-1390 induces typical a/e lesions in a pig ileal explant model. using tnphoa transposon insertion mutagenesis on strain 86-1390, we found a mutant that did not induce a/e lesions. the insertion was identifie ... | 2003 | 12874331 |
| survey of campylobacter species, vtec o157 and salmonella species in swedish wildlife. | samples collected from 791 wild animals (canada geese, roe deer, hares, moose, wild boar and gulls) shot during hunting were examined for verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) o157, and thermophilic campylobacter and salmonella species. with the exception of one positive isolate from a wild boar, vtec o157 was not isolated from any of the animals. salmonella species were isolated only from the gulls, of which 4 per cent were estimated to be positive. thermophilic campylobacter species ... | 2003 | 12892266 |
| prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. in surface waters of southern alberta and its relation to manure sources. | the oldman river watershed in southern alberta, canada, is an extensively irrigated region in which intensive agricultural practices have flourished. concern over water quality in the basin has been expressed because of high levels of enteric disease indigenous to the region. to address these concerns, we conducted a 2-year study to estimate the prevalence of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella spp. in surface water within the basin. this study is the first of its kind to identify e. coli o1 ... | 2003 | 12897826 |
| defense mechanisms of urinary bladder: studies on antimicrobial polypeptides from bladder mucosa. | the acid-soluble extract of the bladder mucosal surface was obtained by washing out the bladder with dilute acetic acid in the presence of protease inhibitors. the wash-out materials from rats, rabbits, pigs, and humans manifested strong bactericidal activity against e. coli in vitro. the ultrafiltrate of the human material, which contained two major peptides with apparent molecular masses of 6.7 kd and 8.5 kd, respectively, showed potent bactericidal activity against e. coli, pseudomonas aerugi ... | 1999 | 12899379 |
| protection against leptospirosis by immunization with plasmid dna encoding 33 kda endoflagellin of l. interrogans serovar lai. | to evaluate how the efficacy of dna inocutation affects the ability to raise protective immunity against leptospira. | 2000 | 12899392 |
| lactobacillus ruminis is a predominant lactic acid producing bacterium in the caecum and rectum of the pig. | to identify the predominant lactic acid producing bacteria in the small intestine, caecum and the rectum of the healthy pig. | 2003 | 12904222 |
| transfer of antibiotic resistance between commensal and pathogenic members of the enterobacteriaceae under ileal conditions. | to determine the rate of antibiotic resistance transmission between commensal and pathogenic representatives of the enterobacteriaceae. | 2003 | 12911689 |
| prevalence of multiple antibiotic resistance in 443 campylobacter spp. isolated from humans and animals. | in view of recent findings that a multidrug efflux pump cmeabc exists in campylobacter jejuni, 391 c. jejuni and 52 campylobacter coli of human and animal origin were examined for a multidrug resistance phenotype. | 2003 | 12917241 |
| binding of shiga toxin 2e to porcine erythrocytes in vivo and in vitro. | shiga toxin 2e (stx2e), produced by host-adapted shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains, causes edema disease in weaned pigs. edema disease is manifested as vascular necrosis, edema, neurologic signs, and death. in this study we sought to determine the correlation between the presence of stx2e in the blood of stec-inoculated pigs and the disease outcome. eleven of 15 (73%) pigs with clinical and 5 of 35 (14%) pigs with subclinical edema disease had detectable levels of stx2e in th ... | 2003 | 12933864 |
| mice intranasally immunized with a recombinant 16-kilodalton antigen from roundworm ascaris parasites are protected against larval migration of ascaris suum. | protective immunity to the pig roundworm, ascaris suum, has been demonstrated by immunization of pigs with antigens derived from the parasite's larval stages. we identified a protective antigen commonly expressed in the human and pig ascaris infections as a 16-kda protein (as16), which has no similarity at the amino acid level to mammalian proteins but has some similarity to those of the filarial parasites and caenorhabditis elegans gene product. localization analysis revealed that the native as ... | 2003 | 12933879 |
| designing repeat proteins: modular leucine-rich repeat protein libraries based on the mammalian ribonuclease inhibitor family. | we present a novel approach to design repeat proteins of the leucine-rich repeat (lrr) family for the generation of libraries of intracellular binding molecules. from an analysis of naturally occurring lrr proteins, we derived the concept to assemble repeat proteins with randomized surface positions from libraries of consensus repeat modules. as a guiding principle, we used the mammalian ribonuclease inhibitor (ri) family, which comprises cytosolic lrr proteins known for their extraordinary affi ... | 2003 | 12948496 |
| neuromodulation of enteropathogen internalization in peyer's patches from porcine jejunum. | jejunal peyer's patches (jpp) are innervated sites of immune induction and enteropathogen infection. we investigated the role of enteric nerves in modulating pathogen entry into porcine jpp. presumptive norepinephrine (ne)-containing nerve fibers were localized in jpp domes and follicle-associated villi by secondary immunofluorescence histochemistry. ne or the neuronal conduction blocker saxitoxin increased intracellular internalization of pathogenic salmonella choleraesuis and escherichia coli ... | 2003 | 12965256 |
| regionally differentiated fibrinolytic responses during volume-resuscitated acute endotoxemia in pigs. | microcirculatory dysfunction and formation of microthrombi are common in sepsis as a result of a procoagulant state. a profibrinolytic change has however, been reported in early sepsis. this study investigates systemic and regional (pulmonary, preportal, hepatic, renal) fibrinolytic capacity as mirrored by fluxes of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-pa) in response to acute endotoxemia and volume resuscitation. | 2003 | 12969107 |
| calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase, a novel therapeutic drug for lipopolysaccharide (lps)-mediated diseases, attenuates lps toxicity in mice and piglets. | it has been demonstrated that human placental alkaline phosphatase (hplap) attenuates the lipopolysaccharide (lps)-mediated inflammatory response, likely through dephosphorylation of the lipid a moiety of lps. in this study, it is demonstrated that also alkaline phosphatase derived from calf intestine (ciap) is able to detoxify lps. in mice administered ciap, 80% of the animals survived a lethal escherichia coli infection. in piglets, previous to lps detoxification, the pharmacokinetic behavior ... | 2003 | 12970380 |
| [biochemical properties of hemolytic coliform bacteria isolated during colibacillary enterotoxic syndrome of young pig]. | 1959 | 13670524 | |
| coliform enteritis of weaned pigs. a description of the disease and its association with hemolytic escherichia coli. | 1961 | 13741282 | |
| antibody content of colostrum and piglet serum following vaccination of the sow. | 1961 | 13760731 | |
| edema disease in swine. | 1959 | 13851703 | |
| studies on hemolytic escherichia coli associated with edema disease of swine. ii. an immunologic study of a toxic factor. | 1962 | 13914032 | |
| effect of preliminary immunization with living and killed e. coli cells on radioresistance of animals. | 1963 | 14060260 | |
| effects of a nuclear detonation on swine--bacteriologic studies. | 1963 | 14061651 | |
| studies on the terminal reaction in the biosynthesis of methionine. | 1963 | 14085379 | |
| [studies on hybridization between e. coli and shigella in vivo]. | 1963 | 14091323 | |
| opsonins in pig serum and their purification. | 1963 | 14100785 | |
| activation of diphtheria toxin through adjuvants. (preliminary report). | 1963 | 14122568 | |
| the activity of ampicillin and phenethicillin for bacteria isolated from veterinary sources. | 1964 | 14155352 | |
| the protein coating of red cells in experimental immunohaemolytic anaemia. | 1964 | 14159188 | |
| cycloserine inhibition of gamma-aminobutyric-alpha-ketoglutaric transaminase. | 1964 | 14181270 | |
| [the role of antibacterial substances in the body in the determination of antibiotics by the agar diffusion method. the action of antibacterial substances on various microorganisms]. | 1964 | 14191810 | |
| [studies on the allergic mechanism of cholelithiasis and cholecystitis with special reference to the production of allergic reactions in the gallbladder by antigen-antibody system of e. coli components]. | 1964 | 14194460 | |
| evidence for the existence of transport carriers based on inhibition studies. | 1964 | 14198751 | |
| studies on septicemia in extensive burns. | 1964 | 14239695 | |
| toxic action of haemolytic escherichia coli isolated from pigs. | 1964 | 14250999 | |
| indigenous, normal, and autochthonous flora of the gastrointestinal tract. | the bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract differs qualitatively and quantitatively from one colony of mice to another. certain components of this flora, however, are always present in large and approximately constant numbers in healthy adult mice, irrespective of the colony from which the animals are derived. lactobacilli and anaerobic streptococci are extremely numerous in the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine. in contrast, organisms of the bacteroides group prolifer ... | 1965 | 14325474 |
| [agglutination reaction with blood lysate]. | 1964 | 14330819 | |
| [studies of the effect of endotoxins on isolated organs]. | 1964 | 14338633 | |
| escherichia coli associated with colostrum-free neonatal pigs raised in isolation. | escherichia coli 08 was the most frequent coliform isolated from the blood and liver of morbid and dead neonatal, colostrum-free piglets raised under extremely sanitary conditions. this strain accounted for 67 per cent of the typable e. coli. the next most numerous strain occurred at a frequency of 6 per cent. hence, e. coli 08 was considered the main coli enteropathogen in our experimental, isolated environment. in random samples of the feces of healthy and diarrhetic neonatal piglets, 24 per c ... | 1962 | 14463349 |
| simultaneous occurrence of e. coli b and lantigens in strains from diseased swine. influence of cultivation temperature. two new e. coli kantigens: k 87 and k 88. | 1961 | 14482368 | |
| antimicrobial resistance genes in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli o149:k91 isolates obtained over a 23-year period from pigs. | a total of 112 escherichia coli o149:k91 strains isolated from pigs with diarrhea in quebec, canada, between 1978 and 2000 were characterized for their genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles. tests for resistance to 10 antimicrobial agents were conducted. resistance to tetracycline and sulfonamides was found to be the most frequent, but resistance to cefotaxime and ceftiofur was absent. an increase in the number of isolates resistant to at least three antimicrobials was observed over time. ... | 2003 | 14506033 |
| critical role of lys212 and tyr140 in porcine nadp-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase. | lys212 and tyr140 are close to the enzyme-bound isocitrate in the recently determined crystal structure of porcine nadp-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase (ceccarelli, c., grodsky, n. b., ariyaratne, n., colman, r. f., and bahnson, b. j. (2002) j. biol. chem. 277, 43454-43462). we have constructed mutant enzymes in which lys212 is replaced by gln, tyr, and arg, and tyr140 is replaced by phe, thr, glu, and lys. wild type and mutant enzymes were each expressed in escherichia coli and purified to ho ... | 2003 | 14512428 |
| rainfall timing and frequency influence on leaching of escherichia coli rs2g through soil following manure application. | the time between swine (sus scrofa) manure application to soil as a crop fertilizer, the first rainfall event, and the frequency of rainfall events should influence leaching potential of fecal pathogens. soil microcosms were inoculated in the lab with a swine manure isolate of escherichia coli, strain rs2g, expressing green fluorescent protein, to examine how timing and frequency of rainfall events influences rs2g leaching and survival in soil. liquid swine manure inoculated with rs2g was applie ... | 2003 | 14535331 |
| inspective consideration in detection of enterobacteria in the blood of normally slaughtered swine. | 2003 | 14535415 | |
| detrimental effects of n(omega) nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name)in experimental escherichia coli sepsis in the newborn piglet. | the role of nitric oxide during neonatal sepsis is complex. we tested the hypothesis that nonselective inhibition of nitric oxide synthase with n(omega) -nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-name) is detrimental during the early phase of experimental sepsis in the newborn piglet. newborn piglets were divided into four groups: 6 in the control group, 6 in the l-name control group, 12 in the sepsis group (sg), and 11 in the sepsis with l-name group (ns). sepsis was induced by intravenous injection of ... | 2003 | 14555813 |
| protein refolding assisted by self-assembled nanogels as novel artificial molecular chaperone. | molecular chaperone-like activity for protein refolding was investigated using nanogels of self-assembly of cholesterol-bearing pullulan. nanogels effectively prevented protein aggregation (i.e. carbonic anhydrase and citrate synthase) during protein refolding from gdmcl denaturation. enzyme activity recovered in high yields upon dissociation of the gel structure in which the proteins were trapped, by the addition of cyclodextrins. the nanogels assisted protein refolding in a manner similar to t ... | 2003 | 14572636 |
| phenotypic and molecular characteristics of typical and atypical escherichia coli o157, clinical and food isolates. | enrichment, colony isolation and confirmation are three general phases of a standard diagnostic method. e. coli o 157 (the main member of ehec group) differs metabolically from other strains of e. coli in a number of ways. most isolates are slow- or non-fermenters of sorbitol and lack the enzyme beta-glucuronidase (gud). but, a variety of atypical strains of e. coli o157 (sorbitol-fermenting variants, nonmotile and gud-positive) have been reported. the discovery of these atypical pathogenic stra ... | 2003 | 14594402 |
| selenomethionine and selenocysteine double labeling strategy for crystallographic phasing. | a protocol for the quantitative incorporation of both selenomethionine and selenocysteine into recombinant proteins overexpressed in escherichia coli is described. this methodology is based on the use of a suitable cysteine auxotrophic strain and a minimal medium supplemented with selenium-labeled methionine and cysteine. the proteins chosen for these studies are the cathelin-like motif of protegrin-3 and a nucleoside-diphosphate kinase. analysis of the purified proteins by electrospray mass spe ... | 2003 | 14604526 |
| structure of the nucleocapsid protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) is an enveloped rna virus of the arteriviridae family, genomically related to the coronaviruses. prrsv is the causative agent of both severe and persistent respiratory disease and reproductive failure in pigs worldwide. the prrsv virion contains a core made of the 123 amino acid nucleocapsid (n) protein, a product of the orf7 gene. we have determined the crystal structure of the capsid-forming domain of n. the structure was solved to 2. ... | 2003 | 14604534 |
| duplex real-time sybr green pcr assays for detection of 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens in stools. | a duplex real-time sybr green lightcycler pcr (lc-pcr) assay with dna extraction using the qiaamp dna stool mini kit was evaluated with regard to detection of 8 of 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens in five stool specimens in 2 h or less. the protocol used the same lc-pcr with 20 pairs of specific primers. the products formed were identified based on a melting point temperature (t(m)) curve analysis. the 17 species of food- or waterborne pathogens examined were enteroinvasive escherichi ... | 2003 | 14605150 |
| virulence genes of o149 enterotoxigenic escherichia coli from outbreaks of postweaning diarrhea in pigs. | the goal of this research was to determine whether isolates of o149 porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) recovered from recent outbreaks of severe diarrhea in weaned pigs in ontario, canada, had virulence attributes different from those of isolates of the same serogroup from diarrhea of pigs in the 1970s and 1980s. polymerase chain reaction amplification was used to determine the distribution of 11 virulence-associated genes in recent (100 isolates) and old (35 isolates) ontario o149 ... | 2003 | 14637041 |
| steroidal regulation of uterine resistance to bacterial infection in livestock. | postpartum uterine infections reduce reproductive efficiency and have significant animal welfare and economic consequences. postpartum uterine infections are classified as nonspecific, but arcanobacterium pyogenes and escherichia coli are usually associated with them in cattle and sheep. pyometra is the most common type of uterine infection in dairy cattle, and it is detected almost exclusively in cows with active corpora lutea. luteal progesterone typically down-regulates uterine immune functio ... | 2003 | 14641941 |
| de novo rna synthesis by a recombinant classical swine fever virus rna-dependent rna polymerase. | classical swine fever virus nonstructural protein 5b (ns5b) encodes an rna-dependent rna polymerase, a key enzyme of the viral replication complex. to better understand the initiation of viral rna synthesis and to establish an in vitro replication system, a recombinant ns5b protein, lacking the c-terminal 24-amino acid hydrophobic domain, was expressed in escherichia coli. the truncated fusion protein (ns5bdelta24) was purified on a ni-chelating histrap affinity column and demonstrated to initia ... | 2003 | 14653821 |
| a model study of escherichia coli o157:h7 survival in fermented dry sausages--influence of inoculum preparation, inoculation procedure, and selected process parameters. | the influence of inoculum preparation, inoculation level, and inoculation procedure on escherichia coli o157:h7 inactivation during the manufacture of fermented sausage was evaluated in a model study. prior growth in glucose-enriched tryptone soya broth, which provided exposure to mildly acidic conditions (ph 4.8), had no effect on the later survival of e. coli o157: h7 strains 5-1 and atcc 43894 under extremely acidic conditions (ph 2), but the same strains became sensitive to acidity after 7 d ... | 2003 | 14672223 |
| non-genomic effects of tamoxifen on the activation of membrane-bound guanylate cyclase gc-a. | oestrogen is known to exert both genomic and non-genomic effects on target tissues. unlike the genomic effects, the identity of receptors mediating the non-genomic effects of oestrogen remains controversial. 17beta-estradiol has been shown to activate membrane-bound guanylate cyclase gc-a in pc12 cells in a non-genomic manner. to examine whether 17beta-estradiol exerts a similar effect in other cell types, we measured the effect of 17beta-estradiol and tamoxifen, an anti-oestrogen, on guanylate ... | 2003 | 14713365 |
| magnitude of serum and intestinal antibody responses induced by sequential replicating and nonreplicating rotavirus vaccines in gnotobiotic pigs and correlation with protection. | a sequential mucosal prime-boost vaccine regimen of oral attenuated (att) human rotavirus (hrv) priming followed by intranasal (i.n.) boosting with rotavirus protein vp2 and vp6 rotavirus-like particles (2/6-vlps) has previously been shown to be effective for induction of intestinal antibody-secreting cell (asc) responses and protection in gnotobiotic pigs. because serum or fecal antibody titers, but not intestinal asc responses, can be used as potential markers of protective immunity in clinica ... | 2004 | 14715539 |
| modulation of the redox state of tubulin by the glutathione/glutaredoxin reductase system. | alterations in the redox status of proteins have been implicated in the pathology of several neurodegenerative diseases. we report that peroxynitrite-induced disulfides in porcine brain tubulin are repaired by the glutaredoxin reductase system composed of glutathione reductase, human or escherichia coli glutaredoxin, reduced glutathione, and nadph. reduction of disulfide bonds between the alpha- and beta-tubulin subunits by the glutathione reductase system was assessed by western blot. tubulin c ... | 2004 | 14733943 |
| lymphoid hyperplasia resulting in immune dysregulation is caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection in neonatal pigs. | amid growing evidence that numerous viral infections can produce immunopathology, including nonspecific polyclonal lymphocyte activation, the need to test the direct impact of an infecting virus on the immune system of the host is crucial. this can best be tested in the isolator piglet model in which maternal and other extrinsic influences can be excluded. therefore, neonatal isolator piglets were colonized with a benign escherichia coli, or kept germfree, and then inoculated with wild-type porc ... | 2004 | 14734777 |
| influence of porcine intestinal ph and gastric digestion on antigenicity of f4 fimbriae for oral immunisation. | newly weaned piglets can be orally immunised against f4+ enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) infection with f4 fimbriae. however, to efficiently develop a vaccine against etec induced postweaning diarrhoea, knowledge of the stability of the f4 fimbriae to different ph and gastric digestion is needed. the gastrointestinal ph in suckling and recently weaned piglets was measured and the stability of f4 fimbriae to different ph and to pepsin was assessed in vitro. in the stomach the lowest ph wa ... | 2004 | 14738781 |
| development of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets. relation to presence of escherichia coli strains and rotavirus. | weaning of piglets complicated with an exposure to pathogenic strains of escherichia coli was scrutinized in two sets. the first set comprised 20 animals representing two litters and the second set included 30 animals from five litters. the piglets were either left as controls or exposed to one or three pathogenic strains of e. coli. aiming to simulate a natural exposure the challenge strains were spread on the floor of the pens at weaning. in addition the pigs experienced several non-infectious ... | 2004 | 14995972 |