Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| immunization against bovine herpesvirus-1 infection. preliminary tests in calves with a dna vaccine. | a bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) vaccine expressing glycoprotein d, the form with the transmembrane anchor removed, was evaluated for inducing immunity in calves. the plasmid encoding gd of bhv-1 was injected three times to nine calves, using three animals for each of the following routes: intramuscularly (i.m.), intradermally (i.d.), or intranasally (i.n.). three additional calves were given the plasmid vector only and served as unvaccinated controls. when calves were subjected to challenge infec ... | 2004 | 15001312 |
| improved antigenic methods for differential diagnosis of bovine, caprine, and cervine alphaherpesviruses related to bovine herpesvirus 1. | the control of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis induced by bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) requires sensitive and specific diagnostic assays. as bohv-1 is antigenically and genetically related to four other alphaherpesviruses of ruminants-namely, bohv-5, caprine herpesvirus 1 (cphv-1), cervine herpesvirus 1 (cvhv-1) and cvhv-2-diagnostic tests able to discriminate bohv-1 from these related viruses are needed to avoid misdiagnosis, especially because some of these viruses are able to cross the spe ... | 2004 | 15004081 |
| the prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 in traditional cattle in southern province, zambia. | a study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), which causes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, in cattle destined for market in southern province, zambia. a total of 116 nasal secretion samples were tested using the direct fluorescent antibody test, while blood samples from the same cattle were examined by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. the prevalence of the bhv-1 antigens in cattle was 23.28% (27/116), while the mean prevalence of the bhv ... | 2003 | 15005545 |
| bovine viral diarrhoea, bovine herpesvirus and parainfluenza-3 virus infection in three cattle herds in egypt in 2000. | this study reported field outbreaks of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infection, either alone or mixed with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) and/or parainfluenza-3 virus (pi-3v) in egypt during 2000. in lower egypt, young calves in three cattle herds in el-minufiya province, el-fayoum province and in governmental quarantine in el-behira province, showed symptoms of enteritis, either alone or accompanied by respiratory manifestations. the affected herds were visited and the diseased animals were ... | 2003 | 15005546 |
| both viral and host factors contribute to neurovirulence of bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 in interferon receptor-deficient mice. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 (bhv-1 and bhv-5) can use the same cellular receptor for entry, but only hsv is known to cause disease in mice. we hypothesized that components of either the innate or the adaptive immune system, or a combination of both, were responsible for curbing replication of bhvs in mice. therefore, wild-type mice as well as mice with various combined genetic deficiencies in the alpha/beta interferon receptor or gamma interferon receptor a ... | 2004 | 15016885 |
| intrapreputial infection of young bulls with bovine herpesvirus type 1.2 (bhv-1.2): acute balanoposthitis, latent infection and detection of viral dna in regional neural and non-neural tissues 50 days after experimental reactivation. | venereal infection of bulls with bovine herpesvirus type 1.2 (bhv-1.2) may result in acute balanoposthitis followed by the establishment of latent infection, presumably in dorsal root nerve ganglia. we herein report the characterization of the acute and latent infection of young bulls with a brazilian bhv-1.2 isolate and the investigation of neural and non-neural sites in which viral dna persists during latent infection, i.e. 110 days after inoculation and 50 days after experimental reactivation ... | 2004 | 15036527 |
| transactivator protein bicp0 of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is blocked by prostaglandin d2 (pgd2), which points to a mechanism for pgd2-mediated inhibition of bhv-1 replication. | the immediate-early protein, bicp0, of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) transactivates a variety of viral and cellular genes. in a yeast two-hybrid cdna library screening, we found that lipocalin-type prostaglandin d synthase, which catalyzes the production of prostaglandin d(2) (pgd(2)), is a cellular target of bicp0. we observed that, during wild-type bhv-1 infection, pgd(2) levels were increased intracellularly and decreased in the medium. these effects were absent upon infection with recombinant ... | 2004 | 15047795 |
| superinfection prevents recombination of the alphaherpesvirus bovine herpesvirus 1. | homologous recombination between strains of the same alphaherpesvirus species occurs frequently both in vitro and in vivo. this process has been described between strains of herpes simplex virus type 1, herpes simplex virus type 2, pseudorabies virus, feline herpesvirus 1, varicella-zoster virus, and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1). in vivo, the rise of recombinant viruses can be modulated by different factors, such as the dose of the inoculated viruses, the distance between inoculation sites, the ... | 2004 | 15047803 |
| bovine herpesvirus tegument protein vp22 enhances thymidine kinase/ganciclovir suicide gene therapy for neuroblastomas compared to herpes simplex virus vp22. | herpesvirus tegument protein vp22 can enhance the effect of therapeutic proteins in gene therapy, such as thymidine kinase (tk) and p53; however, the mechanism is unclear or controversial. in this study, mammalian expression vectors carrying bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) vp22 (bvp22) or herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) vp22 (hvp22) and equine herpesvirus type 4 (ehv-4) tk (etk) were constructed in order to evaluate and compare the therapeutic potentials of bvp22 and hvp22 to enhance etk/gancic ... | 2004 | 15047837 |
| isolation of caprine herpesvirus type 1 in spain. | two strains of caprine herpesvirus type 1 (cphv-1) were isolated after the experimental reactivation of two seropositive goats in spain. viral dna from these isolates was compared with dna from bovine herpesvirus type 1 and cphv-1 reference strains by restriction endonuclease analysis. the two spanish isolates were closely related but could easily be distinguished from each other and from the reference strains. | 2004 | 15083973 |
| increased gene expression and inflammatory cell infiltration caused by electroporation are both important for improving the efficacy of dna vaccines. | one potential reason for the enhancement of immune responses to dna vaccines following electroporation is increased gene expression. however, the inflammatory response and accompanying cellular infiltration stimulated by electroporation may also be essential for enhancing immune responses to dna vaccines. these parameters were investigated in pigs, using different electroporation conditions to induce different levels of gene expression and inflammation. results indicated that the least effective ... | 2004 | 15099900 |
| identification of a novel bovine herpesvirus 1 transcript containing a small open reading frame that is expressed in trigeminal ganglia of latently infected cattle. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), like other alphaherpesvirinae subfamily members, establishes latency in sensory neurons. the latency-related (lr) rna is abundantly expressed during latency, and expression of an lr protein is required for the latency reactivation cycle in cattle. within lr promoter sequences, a 135-amino-acid open reading frame (orf) was identified, orf-e, that is antisense to the lr rna. orf-e is also downstream of the gene encoding the major viral transcriptional activator, bicp0 ... | 2004 | 15113922 |
| glycol chitosan improves the efficacy of intranasally administrated replication defective human adenovirus type 5 expressing glycoprotein d of bovine herpesvirus 1. | the ability of two soluble formulations, namely chitosan and glycol chitosan, when used as an intranasal adjuvant, to improve the immunogenicity of an intranasal human adenovirus type 5 replication defective expressing bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) glycoprotein d based vaccine, was investigated in cattle. their adjuvant effects on immune response by increasing clinical and especially virological protection against an intranasal bohv-1 challenge were then evaluated. the best virological protectio ... | 2004 | 15121307 |
| restriction of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) growth in non-permissive cells beyond the expression of immediate early genes. | mouse balb/3t3-a31-1-1 (a31) cells are non-permissive to bovine herpes virus-1 (bhv-1) but permissive to pseudorabies virus (prv). the promoter activity of the immediate early gene of bhv-1 (bicp4) was very weak when compared with that of prv in a31 cells. infectious bhv-1 genomic dna co-transfected into a31 cells with plasmids expressing bicp4 and bicp0 by a strong promoter failed to yield any progeny virus. growth of bhv-1 in non-permissible a31 cells is restricted in many phases of the growth ... | 2004 | 15133279 |
| bhv-1 infection and inflammatory cytokines amplify the interaction of mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin with bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. | bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) has been reported to increase the susceptibility of cattle to respiratory disease caused by mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica a1. the principal virulence factor of m. haemolytica is a leukotoxin (lkt) that can specifically kill ruminant leukocytes following its binding to the beta2-integrin cd11a/cd18 (lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (lfa-1)). in this study, we investigated the effects of experimental infection of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells ... | 2004 | 15135985 |
| disease survey of free-ranging grey brocket deer (mazama gouazoubira) in the gran chaco, bolivia. | samples from 17 free-ranging hunter-killed grey brocket deer (mazama gouazoubira) in the gran chaco, bolivia, were collected during june-august 1999. all 17 deer appeared to be in good condition at the time of death. gross necropsies were performed, serum was collected for serologic evaluation of selected infectious disease agents, and feces and ectoparasites were collected for evaluation of internal and external parasites. serologic tests were positive for antibodies against bovine respiratory ... | 2004 | 15137493 |
| modulation of immune responses to bovine herpesvirus-1 in cattle by immunization with a dna vaccine encoding glycoprotein d as a fusion protein with bovine cd154. | the objective of this study was to determine whether a dna vaccine encoding bovine cd154 linked to a truncated version of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein d (tgd-cd154) induces enhanced tgd-specific immune responses in cattle. in vitro characterization demonstrated that tgd and tgd-cd154 both bind to cultured bovine b cells, whereas only tgd-cd154 induces interleukin-4-dependent proliferation, suggesting that tgd-cd154 specifically binds the cd40 receptor and induces receptor signalling ... | 2004 | 15147576 |
| rapid onset of protection against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis with a modified-live virus multivalent vaccine. | this study provides evidence that subcutaneous vaccination of cattle with a commercially available modified-live virus combination vaccine can help reduce clinical signs associated with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis infections in feedlot animals vaccinated at the time of arrival. calves vaccinated 72 or 96 hours before challenge had reduced clinical signs, lower body temperatures, lower virus titers, and 39% to 76% greater weight gains compared with nonvaccinated controls. | 2004 | 15150726 |
| simulated hazards of loosing infection-free status in a dutch bhv1 model. | a compulsory eradication programme for bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) was implemented in the netherlands in 1998. at the start of the programme, about 25% of the dairy herds were certified bhv1-free. simulation models have played an important role in the decision-making process associated with bhv1 eradication. our objective in this study was to improve understanding of model behaviour (as part of internal validation) regarding loss by herds of the bhv1-free certificate. using a cox proportional ha ... | 2004 | 15154684 |
| experimental infectious respiratory disease in groups of calves: lobar distribution, variance, and sample-size requirements for vaccine evaluation. | the distribution and variance of respiratory disease produced with aerosols of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) and mannheimia haemolytica in control (183 calves in 44 experiments) and vaccinated calves were studied in experiments conducted at the animal diseases research institute, lethbridge, alberta, from 1975 to 1989. all calves had been born and raised at this institute and exposed similarly for 5 min by means of a face mask to viral and bacterial aerosols produced by a collison atomizer (parti ... | 2004 | 15188956 |
| evaluation of cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of recombinant human interferon alfa-2a and recombinant human interferon alfa-b/d hybrid against bovine viral diarrhea virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro. | to evaluate cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of recombinant human interferon alfa-2a and recombinant human interferon alfa-b/d hybrid against cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv), and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) in vitro. | 2004 | 15198231 |
| characterization of nuclear localization and export signals of the major tegument protein vp8 of bovine herpesvirus-1. | bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) vp8 is found in the nucleus immediately after infection. transient expression of vp8 fused to yellow fluorescent protein (yfp) in cos-7 cells confirmed the nuclear localization of vp8 in the absence of other viral proteins. vp8 has four putative nuclear localization signals (nls). deletion of pat4 ((51)rrpr(54)) or pat7 ((48)prvrrpr(54)) nls2 abrogated nuclear accumulation, whereas deletion of (48)prv(50) did not, so pat4 nls2 is critical for nuclear localization of ... | 2004 | 15207619 |
| a synthetic peptide from a heptad repeat region of herpesvirus glycoprotein b inhibits virus replication. | glycoprotein b (gb) is the most conserved glycoprotein of herpesviruses and plays important roles in virus infectivity. two intervening heptad repeat (hr) sequences were found in the c-terminal half of all herpesvirus gbs analysed. a synthetic peptide derived from the hr region (aa 477-510) of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bohv-1) gb was studied for its ability to inhibit virus replication. the peptide interfered with cell-to-cell spread and consistently inhibited replication of bohv-1, with a 50 % ... | 2004 | 15269351 |
| [inactivation of viruses of different taxonomic groups by cuprous sulphate]. | study results of inactivated effects exerted by cuprous sulphate on viruses of different taxonomy groups are summarized in the paper. cuprous sulphate is a simple and reliable agent in inactivation of viruses of classical porcine fever, aujeszky's disease and bovine infectious rhinotracheitis. its inactivation action is based on the ability to reduce the viral genome to low-molecular fragment. apart from inactivation of the virus material, a decreased level of protective antibody determinants is ... | 2004 | 15293511 |
| comparison of the sensitivity of in vitro and in vivo tests for detection of the presence of a bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 strain. | veterinary vaccines are usually tested for the absence of contaminants. however, the quality control does not always imply that vaccines are not contaminated as, for example, illustrated by the bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv1) vaccine used in the netherlands in 1999 that contained a small amount of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv1). thousands of cows were vaccinated with bhv1 vaccine batches, and the question arose as to whether these small amounts of bvdv1, most likely not detected with in vitro ... | 2004 | 15327789 |
| evaluation of tests for antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 1 performed in national reference laboratories in europe. | sets of serum and milk samples were collected from various countries and prepared, lyophilised and distributed by 1 laboratory to 12 reference laboratories in europe. the serum sets contained the three european bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) reference serum samples (eu1, eu2 and eu3), serum samples from naturally and experimentally bhv1-infected cattle, from vaccinated, and vaccinated-challenged cattle, from uninfected cattle, and a series of serum dilutions. in addition, sets of milk samples were ... | 2004 | 15327792 |
| interspecific recombination between two ruminant alphaherpesviruses, bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5. | homologous recombination between different species of alphaherpesviruses has been described between herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 but has not yet been observed between other alphaherpesviruses. in the present study we chose to assess to what extent in vitro recombination can occur between members of a well-defined group of closely related viruses such as ruminant alphaherpesviruses. at 24 h after infection of epithelial bovine kidney cells with a double-deleted mutant of bovine herpesvirus 1 (b ... | 2004 | 15331717 |
| a derivative of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) ul3.5 lacking the last forty amino acids inhibits replication of bohv-1. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) ul3.5 is a tegument protein that interacts with bohv-1 alpha-transinducing factor alphabtif). in this report, we show that a truncated ul3.5 lacking the last 40 amino acids (c40ul3.5) inhibited replication of bohv-1. stable expression of c40ul3.5 in mdbk cells inhibited replication of bohv-1 300- to 500-fold in plaque assays. this inhibitory effect was specific for bohv-1 as cells expressing c40ul3.5 supported replication of pseudorabies virus (species suid herpesvi ... | 2004 | 15338323 |
| severity of viral infection is promoted by hyperthermic pretreatment. | the aim of this study was to determine if prior heat shock and consequential heat shock protein (hsp) accumulation would inhibit viral infection. confluent cultures of madin-darby bovine kidney cells were subjected to 30 mins of hyperthermia at 42 degrees c then allowed to recover at 37 micro c for six hrs. during the six hrs, hsp concentrations increased by 232% in heat-shocked cultures. following the recovery period, six replicates of heat-shocked (hs) and six replicates of non-heat-shocked (c ... | 2004 | 15362323 |
| study of programmed cell death in bovine herpesvirus 1 infected mdbk cells and the possible role of nitric oxide in this process. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is the aetiological agent of many disease types and may predispose infected animals, possibly through immunosuppression, to secondary bacterial infections. immunosuppression may directly be associated with the induction of programmed cell death (pcd) in some virus-infected cells. nitric oxide (no) has an important mediating role against fungal, bacterial, protozoal, viral pathogens and tumours. bhv-1 induced apoptosis between 0.5-3 h postinfection (pi) in mdbk cells; ... | 2004 | 15379444 |
| no effect of bovine interferon-tau for control of calf diarrhea and immunomodulation in calves. | newborn calves received a low dose of bovine interferon-tau (boifn-tau) orally for 4 weeks and calves that had developed diarrhea received a low dose of boifn-tau orally for 5 days. no effects of boifn-tau were seen in the duration of the diarrhea, or in daily weight gain. calves received a high dose of boifn-tau subcutaneously 3 times and they were then stimulated with bovine herpesvirus type 1 vaccine. no adverse effects were observed after the administration of boifn-tau and lymphocyte subset ... | 2004 | 15472487 |
| herpes virus proteins icp0 and bicp0 can activate nf-kappab by catalyzing ikappabalpha ubiquitination. | the immediate early proteins icp0 and bicp0 from herpes virus are promiscuous activators of both viral and cellular genes and play a critical role in virus life cycle. here we report that icp0 and bicp0 could induce nf-kappab translocation from cytoplasm into nucleus and strongly activate nf-kappab responsive genes specifically. this process was dependent on the ring domain of both proteins. in addition, icp0 interacted specifically with ikappabalpha and its activating effect was attenuated by u ... | 2005 | 15494213 |
| [evaluation of the performance to date of the bhv-1 eradication campaign in saxony-anhalt (germany)]. | the present article is attempting to evaluate the to date performance of the bhv-1 eradication campaign currently run in saxony-anhalt. special emphasis is put on the modelling of missing data and an optimum performance--for comparison with the observed progress of eradication. the eradication campaign turned out to have performed almost optimally so far, but problems might arise in its final phase due to insular management deficiencies and violation of laws, as well. possible sanctions are ment ... | 2004 | 15495925 |
| construction of a gene inactivation library for bovine herpesvirus 1 using infectious clone technology. | the application of infectious clone technology to herpesvirus biology has revolutionized the study of these viruses. previously the ability to manipulate these large dna viruses was limited to methods dependent on homologous recombination in mammalian cells. however, the construction of herpesvirus infectious clones using bacterial artificial chromosome vectors has permitted the application of powerful bacterial genetics for the manipulation of these viruses. a method is described for the constr ... | 2005 | 15507722 |
| [antiviral activity of different drugs in vitro against viruses of bovine infectious rhinotracheitis and bovine diarrhea]. | in vitro experiments studied the antiviral activity of 11 different drugs against viruses of bovine infective rhinotracheitis (birt) and bovine viral diarrhea (bvd). the 50% inhibiting concentrations of the test agents were determined in the monolayers of mdbk and kct cell cultures. only did phosprenyl show a virucidal activity against birt virus. all the tested drugs significantly inhibited the reproduction of birt virus in the sensitive mdbk cell cultures. thus, bromuridin, acyclovir, ribaviri ... | 2004 | 15529864 |
| characterization of bohv-1 ge envelope glycoprotein mimotopes obtained by phage display. | a phage-displayed peptide library was screened using four mabs directed against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) ge glycoprotein to identify peptides mimicking this glycoprotein. the selected mimotopes allowed us to characterize the epitopes corresponding to the mabs as continuous and proteinic and to consider using these peptides in further studies. one epitope has been clearly located at the c-terminus of the protein (amino-acids 561-569). the three other mabs enabled us to stress the immunogenic ... | 2004 | 15530735 |
| transgenic mice expressing a soluble form of porcine nectin-1/herpesvirus entry mediator c as a model for pseudorabies-resistant livestock. | an approach to genetically engineered resistance to pseudorabies virus (prv) infection was examined by using a transgene encoding a soluble form of nectin-1, also known as herpesvirus entry mediator c. nectin-1 is an alpha-herpesvirus receptor that binds to virion glycoprotein d. nectin-1 mediates entry of prv, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and bovine herpesvirus type 1. to assess the antiviral potential of an ectopic expression of the nectin-1 ectodomain in vivo, six transgenic mouse line ... | 2004 | 15534229 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein d expression in bovine upper respiratory tract mediated by a human adenovirus type 5. | bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein d (gd) gene expression by recombinant replication defective human adenovirus type 5 (hadv-5) was investigated in calves using indirect immunofluorescence microscopy (iifm), confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) and rt-pcr. one fold intranasal instillation of hadv-5-expressing gd in the cattle upper respiratory tract showed a short term expression of at least 5 days, but not 10 days, limited only to epithelial cells localised in the epithelium of the nasal mu ... | 2004 | 15535961 |
| interferon-gamma response of pbmc indicates productive pseudorabies virus (prv) infection in swine. | in chinese meishan/german landrace cross-bred swine f2 generation interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) was determined directly ex vivo at different time points after survival of a virulent pseudorabies virus (prv) infection. this reactivity was compared with the reactivity of naïve pbmc. significant ifn-gamma production was determined in elisa and elispot only after in vitro pbmc re-stimulation with prv and not with the closely related bovine herpe ... | 2004 | 15541792 |
| infected cell protein 0 encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 can activate caspase 3 when overexpressed in transfected cells. | infection of cattle or bovine cells with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) leads to increased apoptosis. previous studies indicated that bhv-1 infected cell protein 0 (bicp0), the major transcriptional regulatory protein of bhv-1, is toxic in transiently transfected cells. point mutations within the zinc ring finger of bicp0 reduced toxicity and eliminated the ability of bicp0 to activate viral gene expression. in mouse neuroblastoma cells (neuro-2a) and bovine turbinate cells, bicp0 activated caspas ... | 2004 | 15557224 |
| effects of hypervaccination with bovine herpesvirus type 1 ge-deleted marker vaccines on the serological response and virological status of calves challenged with wild-type virus. | twenty-four calves were immunised four times with ge-deleted infectious bovine rhinotracheitis marker vaccines before being challenged with small doses of wild-type bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1). the repeated vaccinations induced strong immunity that prevented detectable virus replication and ge-seroconversion after the challenge infection in most of the calves. the hypervaccinated calves that shed virus after the challenge infection showed no delay in ge-seroconversion compared with unvacci ... | 2004 | 15559987 |
| duration of immunity of a quadrivalent vaccine against respiratory diseases caused by bhv-1, pi3v, bvdv, and brsv in experimentally infected calves. | several laboratory studies assessed the duration of immunity of a quadrivalent vaccine (rispoval 4, pfizer animal health) against bovine respiratory diseases (brd) caused by bovine herpes-virus type-1 (bhv-1), parainfluenza type-3 virus (pi3v), bovine viral-diarrhoea virus type 1 (bvdv), or bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv). calves between 7 weeks and 6 months of age were allocated to treatment and then were injected with two doses of either the vaccine or the placebo 3 weeks apart. six ... | 2004 | 15579335 |
| a combined bovine herpesvirus 1 gb-gd dna vaccine induces immune response in mice. | although dna vaccines have several advantages over conventional vaccines, antibody production and protection are often not adequate, particularly in single plasmid vaccine formulations. here we assessed the potential for a combined vaccine based on plasmids encoding the membrane-anchored or secreted forms of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein b and d (gb and gd) to induce neutralizing and cell mediated immune responses in mice. animals were injected by intramuscular, subcutaneous and ... | 2005 | 15582691 |
| partial protection induced by a bhv-1 recombinant vaccine against challenge with bhv-5. | bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5) is the causative agent of bovine herpetic encephalitis, a major concern for cattle farming in brazil and argentina. we recently developed a differential, ge-negative vaccine (265 ge-), based on a brazilian bhv-1 strain. the present study was carried out to examine whether such a vaccine would confer protection to bhv-5 infections. it was concluded that the recombinant bhv-1 vaccine tested here is not capable of conferring full protection to bhv-5 challenge. | 2004 | 15604501 |
| engineering glycoprotein b of bovine herpesvirus 1 to function as transporter for secreted proteins: a new protein expression approach. | glycoprotein b (gb) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is essential for bhv-1 replication and is required for membrane fusion processes leading to virus penetration into the target cell and direct spreading of bhv-1 from infected to adjacent noninfected cells. like many of the herpesvirus gb homologs, bhv-1 gb is proteolytically processed by furin, an endoproteinase localized in the trans-golgi network. cleavage by furin is a common mechanism for the activation of a number of viral fusion (f) prote ... | 2005 | 15613307 |
| impairment of nuclear pores in bovine herpesvirus 1-infected mdbk cells. | herpesvirus capsids originating in the nucleus overcome the nucleocytoplasmic barrier by budding at the inner nuclear membrane. the fate of the resulting virions is still under debate. the fact that capsids approach golgi membranes from the cytoplasmic side led to the theory of fusion between the viral envelope and the outer nuclear membrane, resulting in the release of capsids into the cytoplasm. we recently discovered a continuum from the perinuclear space to the golgi complex implying (i) int ... | 2005 | 15613336 |
| incubation of bovine pmns with conditioned medium from bhv-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells increases their susceptibility to mannheimia haemolytica leukotoxin. | active infection with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) increases the susceptibility of cattle to secondary bacterial pneumonia with mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica a1. in the present study we found that bovine pmns incubated with conditioned media from bhv-1 infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) exhibited increased lfa-1 expression, enhanced lkt binding and increased lkt cytotoxicity. these effects were abrogated when the conditioned medium was pre-incubated with an anti-il-1beta ... | 2005 | 15621305 |
| [study of antiviral activity of different drugs against bovine herpes virus and pestivirus]. | in vitro antiviral activity of 11 different drugs against the viruses of infectious bovine rhionotracheitis (ibr) and bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) was studied. the id50 of the drugs were determined in monolayers of cell cultures mdbk and kct: 20 mcg/ml for anandin, 25 mcg/ml for polyprenole, 50 mcg/ml for bromuridin, methisazone, aciclovir, gossypole, ribavirin and liposomal ribavirin, 100 mcg/ml for eracond, and 200 mcg/ml for phosprenil and argovit. phosprenil was the only drug that showed viru ... | 2004 | 15628795 |
| evaluation of a quadrivalent inactivated vaccine for the protection of cattle against diseases due to common viral infections. | efficacy of an inactivated quadrivalent vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus, parainfluenza type 3 (pi3) virus, bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) was assessed in naive bovine calves to evaluate short-term (4-18 weeks) and long-term (24-38 weeks) protection following the basic intramuscular vaccination regime of 2 inoculations a month apart. vaccination was staggered between the long-term and the short-term groups by abou ... | 2004 | 15628806 |
| latency-related gene encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 promotes virus growth and reactivation from latency in tonsils of infected calves. | infection of calves with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) results in transient immunosuppression that may lead to bacterium-induced pneumonia and, occasionally, death. although sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (tg) are the primary site of bhv-1 latency, viral genomes are detected in the tonsils of latently infected calves. dexamethasone (dex) consistently induces reactivation from latency, and viral gene expression is detected in tg and tonsils. in sensory neurons of latently infected calve ... | 2005 | 15635000 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 vp22 enhances the efficacy of a dna vaccine in cattle. | for this study, the intercellular trafficking ability of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) vp22 was applied to improve the efficacy of a dna vaccine in calves. a plasmid encoding a truncated version of glycoprotein d (tgd) fused to vp22 was constructed. the plasmid encoding tgd-vp22 elicited significantly enhanced and more balanced immune responses than those induced by a plasmid encoding tgd. furthermore, protection against a bhv-1 challenge was obtained in calves immunized with the plasmid encoding ... | 2005 | 15650221 |
| bvdv and bhv-1 infections in dairy herds in northern and northeastern thailand. | bulk milk samples from 220 dairy herds were collected at 9 public milk collection centres in the northeastern and northern thailand, and a subset of 11 herds was selected for individual testing. the samples were tested for presence of antibodies to bvdv and bhv-1 using an indirect elisa. the results from the bulk milk testing demonstrated a moderate level of exposure to bvdv and bhv-1 (73% and 67%, respectively). however, the low proportion of herds with high bvdv antibody-levels (13%) and the l ... | 2004 | 15663078 |
| observations on bovine herpesvirus type 1 infection in cattle in the uk. | 2005 | 15675530 | |
| formulation with cpg oligodeoxynucleotides prevents induction of pulmonary immunopathology following priming with formalin-inactivated or commercial killed bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine. | commercial killed bovine respiratory syncytial virus (k-brsv) and formalin-inactivated brsv (fi-brsv) tend to induce th2-type immune responses, which may not be protective and may even be detrimental during subsequent exposure to the virus. in this study we assessed the ability of cpg oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) to aid in the generation of effective and protective brsv-specific immune responses. mice were immunized subcutaneously with fi-brsv formulated with cpg odn, emulsigen (em), cpg odn and ... | 2005 | 15681404 |
| synthesis, in vitro cytotoxic and antiviral activity of cis-[pt(r(-) and s(+)-2-alpha-hydroxybenzylbenzimidazole)2cl2] complexes. | a pair of enantiomeric platinum(ii) complexes of cis-[pt(r(-) and s(+)-hbb)2cl2] (hbb=2-alpha-hydroxybenzylbenzimidazole) was synthesized and evaluated for its preliminary in vitro cytotoxic activity on the human mcf-7 breast cancer and hela cervix cancer cell lines and antiherpes virus activity against bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1). in general, it was found that pt(ii) complexes were less cytotoxic on both cell lines than cisplatin and were comparable to carboplatin. there was no significan ... | 2005 | 15694648 |
| bovine herpesvirus vp22 induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells by upregulating the expression ratio of bax to bcl-2. | herpesvirus tegument protein vp22 has been shown to have biotherapeutic potential in tumor gene therapy. some studies indicate that vp22 may enhance the transfer efficiency of therapeutic proteins by delivering them to more cells while trafficking. our previous study showed that bovine herpesvirus vp22 (bvp22) enhanced equine herpesvirus thymidine kinase-ganciclovir (etk-gcv) suicide gene therapy by an unknown intracellular effect. in this study, the interaction between bvp22 and host tumor cell ... | 2005 | 15703493 |
| nuclear and mitochondrial localization signals overlap within bovine herpesvirus 1 tegument protein vp22. | vp22, a tegument protein of bovine herpesvirus 1, accumulates in the nucleus of infected and transiently transfected cells. previous studies indicated a possible regulatory function of vp22 within nuclei, but how vp22 enters nuclei is unknown. despite the abundance of basic residues within this protein, no classic nuclear localization signal (nls) motif has been identified. to identify the signal directing nuclear accumulation, a series of truncations, internal deletions, and point mutations wer ... | 2005 | 15705574 |
| prolonged persistence of bovine herpesvirus in small cattle herds: a model-based analysis. | herpesviruses can remain dormant in once-infected hosts and, upon reactivation, cause such hosts to become infectious. this phenomenon of latency and reactivation may enable herpesviruses to persist for a long time in small host populations. to quantify the effect of reactivation on persistence, the time to extinction of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) in small cattle populations was calculated. for realistic parameter values the mean time to extinction is already more than 100 years in a popu ... | 2005 | 15724721 |
| identification of functional domains within the bicp0 protein encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1. | it is believed that the bicp0 protein encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) stimulates productive infection by activating viral gene expression. like the other icp0-like proteins encoded by alphaherpesvirinae subfamily members, bicp0 contains a zinc ring finger near its amino terminus. the zinc ring finger of bicp0 activates viral transcription, stimulates productive infection, and is toxic to certain cell types. apart from the zinc ring finger, bicp0 possesses little similarity to the herpes ... | 2005 | 15784882 |
| immunization with a bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein b dna vaccine induces cytotoxic t-lymphocyte responses in mice and cattle. | virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) are considered to be important in protection against and recovery from viral infections. in this study, several approaches to induce cytotoxicity against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) were evaluated. vaccination of c57bl/6 mice with bhv-1 induced a strong humoral, but no ctl, response, which may be due to downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class i molecules. in contrast, vaccinia virus expressing glycoprotein b (gb) elicited a weaker a ... | 2005 | 15784883 |
| varicelloviruses avoid t cell recognition by ul49.5-mediated inactivation of the transporter associated with antigen processing. | detection and elimination of virus-infected cells by cytotoxic t lymphocytes depends on recognition of virus-derived peptides presented by mhc class i molecules. a critical step in this process is the translocation of peptides from the cytoplasm into the endoplasmic reticulum by the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap). here, we identified the bovine herpesvirus 1-encoded ul49.5 protein as a potent inhibitor of tap. the expression of ul49.5 results in down-regulation of mhc class ... | 2005 | 15793001 |
| experimental microbial contamination and disinfection of dry (vapour) shipper dewars designed for short-term storage and transportation of cryopreserved germplasm and other biological specimens. | cryopreservation, storage and transport of cryopreserved germplasm without the risk of disease transmission is of great concern to animal and human health authorities. here we report on the efficacy of microbial decontamination of the liquid nitrogen (ln) dry (vapour) shippers used for short-term storage and transportation of germplasm and other biological specimens. dry shippers containing either a hydrophobic or a non-hydrophobic ln absorbent were experimentally contaminated with high titers o ... | 2005 | 15823351 |
| serologic surveillance for selected viral agents in captive and free-ranging populations of arabian oryx (oryx leucoryx) from saudi arabia and the united arab emirates. | a total of 294 sera collected between 1999 and 2001 from eight captive and one free-ranging herds of arabian oryx (oryx leucoryx) distributed in saudi arabia (sa) and the united arab emirates (uae) were assayed for antibodies against 13 selected viral agents. arabian oryx have been exposed to bluetongue virus (btv), epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv), rinderpest virus (rpv), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine adenovirus 3 (bav-3), cervid herpesvirus-1, foot-and-mouth disea ... | 2005 | 15827212 |
| non-transmission of bacterial and viral microbes to embryos and semen stored in the vapour phase of liquid nitrogen in dry shippers. | cryopreservation and storage of germplasm is an important factor in the prevention of disease transmission by embryo transfer and artificial insemination. here we report the results of an investigation on transmission of selected bacterial and viral pathogens by the vapour phase of liquid nitrogen (vpln) to embryos and semen in dewars designed for short-term storage and transportation of biological specimens. in this study transmission of pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, staphylococcus ... | 2005 | 15843010 |
| evaluation of promoters for foreign gene expression in the e3 region of bovine adenovirus type-3. | in order to optimize foreign gene expression in the e3 region of badv-3, we constructed full-length badv-3 genomic dna clones containing a reporter gene (truncated glycoprotein gd of bovine herpesvirus 1, gdt), under the control of exogenous promoters inserted in either direction in the e3 region. irrespective of exogenous transcriptional elements, viable recombinant badv-3 viruses could only be isolated when the gdt expression cassettes were inserted in the e3 region parallel to the direction o ... | 2005 | 15845268 |
| experimental exposure of pigs to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus. | thirteen specific-pathogen-free pigs were used in an experiment to determine the pathogenicity of ibr virus for pigs. three pigs were used as controls, eight were exposed to ibr virus by either the intravenous, subcutaneous, intratracheal, or intranasal route, and two pigs served as contact controls. the clinical response consisted of a temperature rise, depression and variable lymphocytosis. the major tissue alterations were interstitial pneumonitis, and peribronchiolitis with round cell aggreg ... | 1968 | 15846897 |
| characteristics of live bovine herpesvirus-1 vaccines. | the common disease caused by bovine herpes virus 1 infection is febrile rhinotracheitis (frt) and under certain conditions the virus is strongly implicated in pre-disposing cattle to pneumonic pasteurellosis. these illnesses account for a significant economic loss in the cattle industry worldwide and vaccination is widely applied. in naive cattle, and for a short period of time, old and new vaccines significantly reduce clinical signs of frt and also virus shedding. a single intranasal vaccinati ... | 2005 | 15848783 |
| enhancement of antigen acquisition by dendritic cells and mhc class ii-restricted epitope presentation to cd4+ t cells using vp22 dna vaccine vectors that promote intercellular spreading following initial transfection. | induction of immune responses against microbial antigens using dna is an attractive strategy to mimic the immunity induced by live vaccines. although dna vaccines are efficacious in murine models, the requirement for multiple immunizations using high doses in outbred animals and humans has hindered deployment. this requirement is, in part, a result of poor vaccine spreading and suboptimal dc transfection efficiency. incorporation of a signal that directs intercellular spreading of a dna-encoded ... | 2005 | 15857936 |
| seroprevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in mithun (bos frontalis) in india. | a preliminary study on the seroprevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) in different strains of mithun maintained atthe national research centre on mithun, nagaland, india, revealed that the overall prevalence of ibr in these mithun was 19%. this paper examines the results of that preliminary study. to the knowledge of the authors, this is the first report on the seroprevalence of ibr in mithun in india. the highest prevalence of ibr was observed in mithun found in arunachal pradesh ... | 2004 | 15861877 |
| serological status for n. caninum, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus at pregnancy testing and reproductive performance in beef herds. | neospora caninum, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr), and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) are important differentials for the diagnosis of infectious reproductive loss in beef herds. the objective of this study was to describe the serological status of both pregnant and non-pregnant beef cows from herds with varying levels of reproductive success. the study provided an opportunity to examine whether there were any associations between serological status for bvdv, ibr, and n. caninum and ... | 2005 | 15893892 |
| bovine herpesvirus type 1 abortions detected by a semi-nested pcr in brazilian cattle herds. | bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) was investigated by a semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (sn-pcr) and by mdbk cell culture virus isolation in organ fragments from 55 aborted fetuses collected from beef and dairy cattle herds with history of reproductive problems in the north of paraná state, brazil. a 425 bp amplicon of the bhv-1 glycoprotein d gene was detected in 14 (25.4%) aborted fetuses. bhv-1 was isolated in mdbk cells from the tissue of 5 (9.1%) fetuses. the specificity of positive r ... | 2004 | 15894030 |
| risk factors for bovine herpesvirus-1 seropositivity. | this paper reports the investigation of risk factors for bovine herpesvirus-1-seropositivity, based on a cluster-sample survey of the belgian cattle population. this serosurvey was carried out in 1998 in 309 randomly selected unvaccinated herds of all types (dairy, mixed and beef) were all bovids (n = 11,284) were sampled. older and male cattle had higher seroprevalence. origin (homebred or purchased) and herd size interacted; for smaller herds (< or = 50 cattle on the premises), purchase status ... | 2005 | 15907575 |
| modification of active immunization with live bovine herpesvirus 1 vaccine by passive viral antibody. | the study in bhv-1 naïve calves investigated the effect of intramuscularly (im) administered bhv-1 neutralising bovine immunoglobulin on the efficacy of a live intranasally (in) administered bhv-1 vaccine. overall on daily basis there was between 40- and 5000-fold less vaccine virus shed by the passively immune calves compared with that shed by the naïve counterparts. the latter seroconverted to the vaccine whereas the virus neutralising (vn) antibody titres in the passively immune calves decrea ... | 2005 | 15916839 |
| rapid detection and differentiation of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 glycoprotein c gene in clinical specimens by multiplex-pcr. | a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (multiplex-pcr) to detect and differentiate bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and 5 (bohv-5) was developed using primers for the gene sequence that encodes the glycoprotein c. the technique was assessed against the bohv-1 and bohv-5 cell culture adapted strains, and clinical samples collected from animals with clinical signs of bohv-1 (n = 10) or bohv-5 (n = 7) infection and with diagnosis confirmed by virus isolation in cell culture and semi-nested pcr. fifteen ... | 2005 | 15939490 |
| relative efficacy of inactivated bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) vaccines. | the relative efficacy of four commercially available inactivated bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) vaccines was directly assessed in controlled studies in 5-6-month-old, bhv-1 naïve calves. the sero-response due to the basic course of two intramuscular vaccinations was closely similar for three of four vaccines whereas one vaccine did not induce seroconversion in five of six calves. at the level of challenge virus shedding in nasal mucus, all four vaccines were significantly protective but to a marke ... | 2005 | 15951068 |
| genetic immunisation of cattle against bovine herpesvirus 1: glycoprotein gd confers higher protection than glycoprotein gc or tegument protein vp8. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) has frequently been used as a model for testing parameters affecting dna immunisation in large animals like cattle. however, the selection of target antigens has been poorly studied, and most of the experiments have been conducted in mice. in the present study, we demonstrated in cattle that a dna vaccine encoding bohv-1 glycoprotein gd induces higher neutralising antibody titres than vaccines encoding bohv-1 gc. additionally, we show that a dna vaccine encoding a s ... | 2005 | 15955279 |
| analysis of a bovine herpesvirus 1 recombinant virus that does not express the bicp0 protein. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) infected-cell protein 0 (bicp0) stimulates productive infection by activating viral gene expression. in this study, an attempt was made to construct a recombinant virus with point mutations in the c(3)hc(4) zinc ring finger of bicp0, as this domain is necessary for activating viral transcription and productive infection. a virus was identified in bovine cells that induced small clusters of infected cells resembling a small plaque. instead of the expected mutations wi ... | 2005 | 15958678 |
| complexities of the pathogenesis of mannheimia haemolytica and haemophilus somnus infections: challenges and potential opportunities for prevention? | progress in producing improved vaccines against bacterial diseases of cattle is limited by an incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of these agents. our group has been involved in investigations of two members of the family pasteurellaceae, mannheimia haemolytica and haemophilus somnus, which illustrate some of the complexities that must be confronted. susceptibility to m. haemolytica is greatly increased during active viral respiratory infection, resulting in rapid onset of a severe and ... | 2004 | 15984339 |
| evaluation of risks of viral transmission to recipients of bovine embryos arising from fertilisation with virus-infected semen. | this scientific review was prompted by recent legislation to curtail the use of semen from potentially virus-infected bulls to produce embryos for import into the european union. from studies in laboratory animals, humans and horses, it is apparent that viruses may sometimes attach to, or be integrated into, spermatozoa, although in domestic livestock, including cattle, this seems to be a rare phenomenon, and carriage of virus through the zona pellucida into the oocyte by fertilising sperm has n ... | 2006 | 16005506 |
| longevity of protective immunity to experimental bovine herpesvirus-1 infection following inoculation with a combination modified-live virus vaccine in beef calves. | to determine whether a combination viral vaccine containing modified-live bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) would protect calves from infection with a recent field isolate of bhv-1. | 2005 | 16013547 |
| prime-boost strategies combining dna and inactivated vaccines confer high immunity and protection in cattle against bovine herpesvirus-1. | dna vaccines have frequently been associated with poor efficacy in large animals. in the present study, one administration of an inactivated marker vaccine to cattle considerably boosted both humoral and cellular arms of the immune response primed with bovine herpesvirus-1 (bohv-1) dna vaccines encoding glycoprotein d (gd) or gc+gd. calves vaccinated according to the dna prime-inactivated boost also showed significantly enhanced virological protection as compared to controls. the 4-logarithms re ... | 2005 | 16024138 |
| an outbreak of vulvovaginitis in goats caused by a caprine herpesvirus. | a caprine herpesvirus related to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus but immunologically distinct from that virus was isolated from an outbreak of vulvovaginitis in a herd of saanen goats. the morbidity rate was 52.5%, with 21 of 40 does showing clinical signs. the lesions healed rapidly with only two goats showing lesions two weeks after the disease was first detected. no effect on subsequent reproductive performance was observed. the mode of transmission of the virus was believed to be ven ... | 1982 | 16030825 |
| evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for serodiagnosis of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis infection, with results of a preliminary survey. | an indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) procedure was evaluated against the serum neutralisation test (snt) for the detection of antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (bovine herpesvirus type l), using 2028 sera from 166 dairy and 172 beef cattle herds. the results showed the elisa to give high levels of agreement with the snt in classifying positive and negative sera (98% and 97% respectively). such disagreements as did occur involved weakly reactive sera with snt ... | 1986 | 16031249 |
| isolation and characterisation of cervine herpesvirus-1 from red deer semen. | this communication describes the isolation of herpesvirus during routine export examination of semen collected from red deer stags in new zealand. | 2001 | 16032173 |
| a monoclonal antibody-based elisa allows discrimination between responses induced by bovine herpesvirus subtypes 1 (bohv-1.1) and 2 (bohv-1.2). | bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bohv-1) has distinct subtypes according to genomic characterization. immune responses induced by bohv-1 subtype 1 (bohv-1.1) are not distinguishable from those induced by bohv-1 subtype 2 (bohv-1.2) through conventional serological methods. in the present report, an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay is described that allows discrimination between immune responses in cattle immunized with either subtype, based on a monoclonal antibody that recognizes specifically the am ... | 2005 | 16046004 |
| inhibition of bovine sperm-zona binding by bovine herpesvirus-1. | the purpose of the present study was to identify a potential interference of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bohv-1) with sperm-oocyte interactions during bovine in vitro fertilization. an inhibition of almost 70% of sperm-zona binding was observed when bovine cumulus-denuded oocytes were inseminated in the presence of 10(7) 50% tissue culture infective dose/ml bohv-1. the inhibitory effect of bohv-1 on sperm-zona binding was mediated by an interaction of the virus with spermatozoa, but not with oocytes. ... | 2005 | 16049163 |
| phylogeny and antigenic relationships of three cervid herpesviruses. | elk herpesvirus (elkhv) from north american elk (wapiti, cervus elaphus nelsoni) is a recently identified alphaherpesvirus related to bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1). in this study, we determined its relationship with european cervid herpesviruses: cervid herpesvirus-1 (cerhv-1) from red deer and rangiferine herpesvirus (ranhv) from reindeer. for phylogenetic analysis, genes for the gc and gd proteins of these viruses were sequenced. these genes demonstrated an extremely high gc content (76-79%). g ... | 2005 | 16061301 |
| detection of equine herpesvirus type 1 using a real-time polymerase chain reaction. | equid herpesvirus 1 (ehv1) is a major disease of equids worldwide causing considerable losses to the horse industry. a variety of techniques, including pcr have been used to diagnose ehv1. some of these pcrs were used in combination with other techniques such as restriction enzyme analysis (rea) or hybridisation, making them cumbersome for routine diagnostic testing and increasing the chances of cross-contamination. furthermore, they involve the use of suspected carcinogens such as ethidium brom ... | 2006 | 16137772 |
| characterization of caprine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein d gene and its translation product. | caprine herpesvirus 1 (cphv-1) is responsible of systemic infection in neonatal kids as well as abortion and fertility disorders in adult goats. this virus is closely related to bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) which causes infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. glycoprotein d (gd) mediates important functions in alphaherpesviruses and is also a main immunogen. the sequence of cphv-1 gd gene and the biochemical properties of its translation product were analyzed and compared to those of bohv-1 and othe ... | 2006 | 16140410 |
| characterization of the nuclear localization and nuclear export signals of bovine herpesvirus 1 vp22. | the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) tegument protein vp22 is predominantly localized in the nucleus after viral infection. to analyze subcellular localization in the absence of other viral proteins, a plasmid expressing bhv-1 vp22 fused to enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (eyfp) was constructed. the transient expression of vp22 fused to eyfp in cos-7 cells confirmed the predominant nuclear localization of vp22. analysis of the amino acid sequence of vp22 revealed that it does not have a classica ... | 2005 | 16140763 |
| the amino-terminal residue of glycoprotein b is critical for neutralization of bovine herpesvirus 1. | in order to address the neutralization epitope on bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) glycoprotein b (gb), a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mabs), a series of truncation forms of the glycoprotein and an mab-escape mutant were used in this study. immunocytochemistry on the truncations using mabs against the glycoprotein revealed that the neutralization epitopes recognized by the mabs lay between residues 1 and 52 of mature gb. comparison of the sequences among the mutant, parent, and revertant viruses d ... | 2006 | 16153736 |
| effect of different nuclear localization sequences on the immune responses induced by a midge vector encoding bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein d. | to optimize the efficiency of a minimalistic immunogenically defined gene expression (midge) vector, peptides containing proven (sv40 t-antigen and bovine herpesvirus-1 vp8) or putative (herpes simplex virus-1 vp22) nuclear localization signals (nlss) were linked to a midge vector encoding a truncated, secreted form of bhv-1 glycoprotein d (tgd) (midge-tgd). conjugation of an nls to the midge-tgd vector improved the tgd expression in vitro and the humoral and cellular immune responses induced in ... | 2006 | 16154243 |
| immunization with plasmid dna encoding a truncated, secreted form of the bovine viral diarrhea virus e2 protein elicits strong humoral and cellular immune responses. | the major protective antigen of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), the e2 protein, is cell-associated and not expressed on the cell surface. in this study we evaluated a dna vaccine encoding various secreted versions of e2. in vitro analysis demonstrated that deletion of the transmembrane anchor and addition of the signal sequence of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) (gdsdeltae2) resulted in efficient secretion of e2 into the culture medium. in contrast, full-length e2, either without or with gds (g ... | 2005 | 16154245 |
| the physiological and production effects of increased dietary intake of vitamins e and c in feedlot cattle challenged with bovine herpesvirus 1. | the physiological and production effects of feeding additional vitamin e and ruminally protected vitamin c were examined in cattle challenged with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv 1). forty-eight individually penned 6-mo-old angus and angus crossbred heifer calves with a mean bw of 151 kg were allocated randomly to four diets in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. pelleted diets provided either 15 or 185 iu/kg of dm of vitamin e, with or without 3.7 g of ruminally protected vitamin c/kg of dm. ... | 2005 | 16160055 |
| high-level expression of biologically active bovine alpha interferon by bovine herpesvirus 1 interferes only marginally with recombinant virus replication in vitro. | an artificial open reading frame (orf) for bovine alpha interferon (boifn-alpha) with the codon preference of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein b was constructed to assess the effect of expression of boifn-alpha by bhv-1 from an expression cassette. transient expression of the orf revealed that transfected cells secreted substantial amounts of biologically active boifn-alpha, which moderately inhibited replication of bhv-1 after stimulation of bovine cells with 10(4) u ml(-1). the boifn- ... | 2005 | 16186221 |
| the bovine herpesvirus 1 gene encoding infected cell protein 0 (bicp0) can inhibit interferon-dependent transcription in the absence of other viral genes. | the infected cell protein 0 (bicp0) encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) stimulates viral gene expression and productive infection. as bicp0 is expressed constitutively during productive infection, it is considered to be the major viral regulatory protein. like other alphaherpesvirus icp0 homologues, bicp0 contains a zinc ring finger near its n terminus that activates transcription and regulates subcellular localization. in this study, evidence is provided that bicp0 represses the human beta ... | 2005 | 16186222 |
| [experiences with the eradication of the bovine herpes virus 1 in lower saxony]. | in this paper first the general cascade of animal disease eradication from the voluntary control programme up to culling of infected animals is described. afterwards the development of the eradication of bovine herpes virus in lower saxony is illustrated. obvious the number of farms which are not eradicating decreases since the testing on bhv1 is obligate in germany. in 2004 60% of the cattle holdings were free from bhv1. at least the measures which will be taken in lower saxony to increase the ... | 2005 | 16218185 |
| quantification of the transmission of bovine herpesvirus 1 among red deer (cervus elaphus) under experimental conditions. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) is endemically present in a cattle population that lives in a nature reserve in the netherlands. red deer (cervus elaphus), living in the same nature reserve, can come into contact with the bhv1-infected cattle and could then become infected with bhv1. for the eradication of bhv1 in cattle, it is, therefore, important to know whether red deer alone can play a role in the transmission of bhv1. for that reason, we quantified the transmission of bhv1 among farmed red dee ... | 2005 | 16226408 |
| degenerate pcr method for identification of an antiapoptotic gene in bhv-1. | to investigate on the hypothetical presence of an antiapoptotic gene, we utilized the codehop (consensus-degenerate hybrid oligonucleotide primers) strategy amplifying unknown sequences from a background of genomic (bovine herpesvirus type-1) bhv-1 dna. an alignment of carboxyl-terminal domains belonging to three proteins encoded by gamma34.5, myd116 and gadd34 genes, was carried out to design degenerate pcr primers in highly conserved regions. this allowed the amplification of a 110 bp fragment ... | 2006 | 16237705 |
| pcr detection of bovine herpesviruses from nonbovine ruminants in hungary. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to test six different nonbovine ruminant species for five bovine herpesviruses including infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (bohv-1), bovine herpes mammillitis virus (bohv-2), movar-type herpesvirus (bohv-4), bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bohv-5), and alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (alhv-1). species tested included 56 roe deer (capreolus capreolus), 66 red deer (cervus elaphus), 20 fallow deer (dama dama), 16 mouflon (ovis musimon), 34 domestic sheep, and 44 ... | 2005 | 16244057 |