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critical roles of a dendritic cell subset expressing a chemokine receptor, xcr1.dendritic cells (dcs) consist of various subsets that play crucial roles in linking innate and adaptive immunity. in the murine spleen, cd8α(+) dcs exhibit a propensity to ingest dying/dead cells, produce proinflammatory cytokines, and cross-present ags to generate cd8(+) t cell responses. to track and ablate cd8α(+) dcs in vivo, we generated xcr1-venus and xcr1-dtrvenus mice, in which genes for a fluorescent protein, venus, and a fusion protein consisting of diphtheria toxin receptor and venus ...201323670193
effects of nisin-incorporated films on the microbiological and physicochemical quality of minimally processed mangoes.the aim of this study is to examine the effects of nisin-incorporated cellulose films on the physicochemical and microbiological qualities of minimally processed mangoes. the use of antimicrobial films did not affect the physicochemical characteristics of mangoes and showed antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris and bacillus cereus. the mango slices were inoculated with s. aureus and l. monocytogenes (10(7)cfu/g), and the vi ...201323673058
antilisterial activity of plantaricin ug1 during manufacture of zabady and kareesh cheese: two arabian dairy products.here, plantaricin ug1 was shown to inhibit listeria monocytogenes lmg10470 (l. monocytogenes) cells. the inhibition was not caused by lactic acid produced by the bacteriocin producing strain lactobacillus plantarum ug1 (lact. plantarum). partially purified plantaricin ug1 had a higher antilisterial activity than lact. plantarum cells in both zabady and kareesh cheese samples during their maturation. compared to the antilisterial activity in kareesh cheese, plantaricin ug1 showed a faster effect ...200823675104
characterization of two resuscitation promoting factors of listeria monocytogenes.in actinobacteria, resuscitation promoting factor (rpf) proteins have been described as having the ability to increase the viable count of dormant cultures and stimulate growth of vegetative cells through lag phase reduction. recently, it was suggested that proteins lmo0186 and lmo2522 of listeria monocytogenes are equivalent to rpf proteins based on their genomic context and conserved domain architecture. it was proposed that they have evolved through non-orthologous displacement of the rpf dom ...201323676438
cd11c(high)cd8+ regulatory t cell feedback inhibits cd4 t cell immune response via fas ligand-fas pathway.regulatory t cells can restrict the uncontrolled immune response and inflammation, avoiding pathologic immune injury to the host and thus playing important roles in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. until recently, many subsets of cd4 and cd8 regulatory t cells have been reported. in this study, we identified cd11c(high)cd8(+) t cells as a new subset of cd8(+) regulatory t cells. during listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus infection, two subsets of cd8 t cells were classified ac ...201323677464
puerperal sepsis in a rural hospital in sudan.increasingly, women in rural areas in sudan reported to hospital with puerperal infections.201323678336
survival of listeria monocytogenes, and other food spoilage microbes in vacuum packaged west african soft cheese 'wara'.'wara' soft cheese is traditionally produced in nigeria and has a poor microbial quality. this study assessed the survivability of listeria monocytogenes and other food spoilage microbes (enterobacteriacea, molds and yeasts) in vacuum packaged soft cheese treated independently with carica papaya (vcpc), terminalia cattapa (vtcc) crude extracts, nisin (vnc), and the combination of these three treatments (v+3) stored at 15 degrees c and 28 degrees c for a three week storage period. vacuum packagin ...201223678645
potential applications for annona squamosa leaf extract in the treatment and prevention of foodborne bacterial disease.foodborne disease is a major public health problem. the present study examined annona squamosa leaves, which are traditionally used to treat diarrhea and other infections, for their potential to be used in modern food safety or medicine. active constituents were partially purified by ethanol extraction and column chromatography. mics of the extract were 62.5 to 125 microg/ml against bacillus cereus, listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus, and 250 microg/ml against campylobacter jejuni. ...201323678817
combined effect of benzalkonium chloride and ultrasound against listeria monocytogenes biofilm on plastic surface.this study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of benzalkonium chloride combined with ultrasound in eliminating listeria monocytogenes biofilm from polystyrene surface. the test strain of l. monocytogenes, previously classified as strong biofilm producer, was grown to form biofilm in tryptic soy broth at 20°c for 6 days in polystyrene specimen containers. the biofilms formed on surface of containers were treated with ultrasound alone, benzalkonium chloride (100 and 400 mg l(-1)) alone an ...201323682619
initial adhesion of listeria monocytogenes to fine polished stainless steel under flow conditions is determined by prior growth conditions.listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen known to persist in food production environments, where it is able to attach and form biofilms, potentially contaminating food products ready for consumption. in this study the first step in the establishment of l. monocytogenes in a food-processing environment was examined, namely the initial adhesion to stainless steel under specific dynamic flow conditions. it was found that the intrinsic ability of l. monocytogenes to adhere to solid surfaces u ...201323685728
oral transmission of listeria monocytogenes in mice via ingestion of contaminated food.l. monocytogenes are facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause food borne infections in humans. very little is known about the gastrointestinal phase of listeriosis due to the lack of a small animal model that closely mimics human disease. this paper describes a novel mouse model for oral transmission of l. monocytogenes. using this model, mice fed l. monocytogenes-contaminated bread have a discrete phase of gastrointestinal infection, followed by varying degrees of systemic sprea ...201323685758
prevalence of the lmo0036-0043 gene cluster encoding arginine deiminase and agmatine deiminase systems in listeria monocytogenes.arginine deiminase and agmatine deiminase systems are involved in acid tolerance, and their encoding genes form the cluster lmo0036-0043 in listeria monocytogenes. while lmo0042 and lmo0043 were conserved in all l. monocytogenes strains, the lmo0036-0041 region of this cluster was identified in all lineages i and ii, and the majority of lineage iv (83.3%) strains, but absent in all lineage iii and a small fraction of lineage iv (16.7%) strains, suggesting that the presence of the complete lmo003 ...201323686125
truncated form of tgf-βrii, but not its absence, induces memory cd8+ t cell expansion and lymphoproliferative disorder in mice.inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the generation of effector and memory cd8(+) t cells. we used two different models, transgenic expression of truncated (dominant negative) form of tgf-βrii (dntgfβrii) and cre-mediated deletion of the floxed tgf-βrii to examine the role of tgf-β signaling in the formation, function, and homeostatic proliferation of memory cd8(+) t cells. blocking tgf-β signaling in effector cd8(+) t cells using both of these models demonstrat ...201323686479
prevalence and quantification of listeria monocytogenes in chicken offal at the retail level in malaysia.a total of 216 chicken offal samples (chicken liver = 72; chicken heart = 72; chicken gizzard = 72) from wet markets and hypermarkets in selangor, malaysia, were examined for the presence and density of listeria monocytogenes by using a combination of the most probable number and pcr method. the prevalence of l. monocytogenes in 216 chicken offal samples examined was 26.39%, and among the positive samples, the chicken gizzard showed the highest percentage at 33.33% compared with chicken liver (2 ...201323687164
a differential fluorescence-based genetic screen identifies listeria monocytogenes determinants required for intracellular replication.listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive, facultative intracellular pathogen capable of causing severe invasive disease with high mortality rates in humans. while previous studies have largely elucidated the bacterial and host cell mechanisms necessary for invasion, vacuolar escape, and subsequent cell-to-cell spread, the l. monocytogenes factors required for rapid replication within the restrictive environment of the host cell cytosol are poorly understood. in this report, we describe a differ ...201323687268
mechanical and water barrier properties of agar/κ-carrageenan/konjac glucomannan ternary blend biohydrogel films.multicomponent hydrogel films composed of agar, κ-carrageenan, konjac glucomannan powder, and nanoclay (cloisite(®) 30b) were prepared and their mechanical and water barrier properties such as water vapor permeability (wvp), water contact angle (ca), water solubility (ws), water uptake ratio (wur), water vapor uptake ratio (wvur) were determined. mechanical, water vapor barrier, and water resistance properties of the ternary blend film exhibited middle range of individual component films, howeve ...201323688456
minicircle dna is superior to plasmid dna in eliciting antigen-specific cd8+ t-cell responses.clinical trials reveal that plasmid dna (pdna)-based gene delivery must be improved to realize its potential to treat human disease. current pdna platforms suffer from brief transgene expression, primarily due to the spread of transcriptionally repressive chromatin initially deposited on plasmid bacterial backbone sequences. minicircle (mc) dna lacks plasmid backbone sequences and correspondingly confers higher levels of sustained transgene expression upon delivery, accounting for its success in ...201323689601
growth of listeria monocytogenes in refrigerated ready-to-eat foods in japan.the ability of l. monocytogenes to grow in a series of japanese ready-to-eat (rte) foods, including boiled baby sardine and japanese pickle, was tested at two different refrigeration temperatures. in rte foods in which l. monocytogenes can grow, growth was significantly higher at 10°c than that at 4°c during their shelf lives and growth patterns varied extensively among the different types of foods. however, growth did not occur at 4°c within the shelf life of certain rte foods, such as broiled ...201323697335
treatment of listeriosis in first trimester of pregnancy. 201323697599
dietary fatty acids and immune response to food-borne bacterial infections.functional innate and acquired immune responses are required to protect the host from pathogenic bacterial infections. modulation of host immune functions may have beneficial or deleterious effects on disease outcome. different types of dietary fatty acids have been shown to have variable effects on bacterial clearance and disease outcome through suppression or activation of immune responses. therefore, we have chosen to review research across experimental models and food sources on the effects ...201323698167
evaluation of an ethidium monoazide-enhanced 16s rdna real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for bacterial screening of platelet concentrates and comparison with automated culture.culture-based systems are currently the preferred means for bacterial screening of platelet (plt) concentrates. alternative bacterial detection techniques based on nucleic acid amplification have also been developed but these have yet to be fully evaluated. in this study we evaluate a novel 16s rdna polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay and compare its performance with automated culture.201423701338
lactones 43. new biologically active lactones: β-cyclocitral derivatives.in our previous studies bicyclic γ-lactones with cyclohexane ring exhibited high antifeedant activity against storage pests. the activity was correlated with the type and number of substituents in the cyclohexane ring. one of the most potent group of antifeedant agents was δ-iodo-γ-lactones.201423703876
neonatal listeriosis: the importance of placenta histological examination-a case report.neonatal listeriosis is not a rare disease, but it is infrequently diagnosed and reported in the literature. herein we report a case of listeria lethal sepsis, followed by increased cytokines levels in the cord blood, in which diagnosis was made possible by histological examination of the placenta.201123705075
transcutaneous immunization of healthy volunteers with an attenuated listeria monocytogenes vaccine strain and cholera toxin adjuvant.attenuated listeria monocytogenes vaccine strains have been administered intravenously (le et al., maciag et al.) and orally (angelakopoulos et al., johnson et al.) to humans. here, one was given transcutaneously with cholera toxin adjuvant.201323707162
antibacterial effectiveness of chitosan-propolis coated polypropylene films against foodborne pathogens.antibacterial properties of chitosan are well documented in the literature. however its antibacterial effectiveness in the film form is controversial due to the methodological differences in test methods used. in this study, antibacterial effectiveness of chitosan-coated polypropylene films alone and incorporating ethanolic extract of propolis (eep) were evaluated against six foodborne pathogens (bacillus cereus, cronobacter sakazakii, escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella ...201323707735
internalisation potential of escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium and staphylococcus aureus in lettuce seedlings and mature plants.the internalisation potential of listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium in lettuce was evaluated using seedlings grown in vermiculite in seedling trays as well as hydroponically grown lettuce. sterile distilled water was spiked with one of the four human pathogenic bacteria (10(5) cfu/ml) and used to irrigate the plants. the potential for pathogen internalisation was investigated over time using light mi ...201323708570
galleria mellonella as a model host to study gut microbe homeostasis and brain infection by the human pathogen listeria monocytogenes.the gastrointestinal tract in both mammals and insects is associated with microbes (collectively the microbiota), which are controlled by the intestinal immune system. these microbes regulate pathogens that can infect gut epithelial cells, and there is increasing evidence for a reciprocal relationship between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria in the gut and the intestinal immune system. deciphering these complex interactions between the microbiota and intestinal immune system in mammals require ...201323708825
selective removal and inactivation of bacteria by nanoparticle composites prepared by surface modification of montmorillonite with quaternary ammonium compounds.the purpose of the present study was to prepare new nanocomposites with antibacterial activities by surface modification of montmorillonite using quaternary ammonium compounds that are widely applied as disinfectants and antiseptics in food-processing environments. the intercalation of four quaternary ammonium compounds namely benzalkonium chloride, cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium chloride hydrate into montmorillonite layers was confir ...201323709187
evaluation of aerated steam treatment of alfalfa and mung bean seeds to eliminate high levels of escherichia coli o157:h7 and o178:h12, salmonella enterica, and listeria monocytogenes.sprouts contaminated with human pathogens are able to cause food-borne diseases due to the favorable growth conditions for bacteria during germination and because of minimal processing steps prior to consumption. we have investigated the potential of hot humid air, i.e., aerated steam, to treat alfalfa and mung bean seeds which have been artificially contaminated with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar weltevreden, and listeria monocytogenes scott a. in additio ...201323709507
role of pore-forming toxins in neonatal sepsis.protein toxins are important virulence factors contributing to neonatal sepsis. the major pathogens of neonatal sepsis, group b streptococci, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus, secrete toxins of different molecular nature, which are key for defining the disease. amongst these toxins are pore-forming exotoxins that are expressed as soluble monomers prior to engagement of the target cell membrane with subsequent formation of an aqueous membrane pore. membrane pore ...201323710203
mycotic aneurysms of the abdominal aorta due to listeria monocytogenes.infected abdominal aortic aneurysms (aaas) can present insidiously with non-specific symptoms or they may present as ruptured aaa in the classical manner.201323711639
cytotoxic and bioactive properties of different color tulip flowers and degradation kinetic of tulip flower anthocyanins.this study was conducted to determine the potential use of anthocyanin-based extracts (abes) of wasted tulip flowers as food/drug colorants. for this aim, wasted tulip flowers were samples and analyzed for their bioactive properties and cytotoxicity. total phenolic contents of the extracts of the claret red (126.55 mg of gallic acid equivalent (gae)/g dry extract) and orange-red (113.76 mg gae/g dry extract) flowers were the higher than those of the other tulip flowers. total anthocyanin levels ...201323712096
seca2 is not required for secretion of the surface autolysin ispc in listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b.listeria monocytogenes is one of several gram-positive bacteria known to contain an auxiliary atpase (seca2) involved in the sec secretion of a subset of proteins important to bacterial pathogenesis, including autolysins. it is not known if ispc, a novel surface-associated autolysin essential for full virulence of l. monocytogenes serotype 4b, is seca2-dependent for secretion. by creating a seca2 gene deletion (δseca2) mutant from the wild type (wt) l. monocytogenes serotype 4b strain, in combin ...201423712923
[outbreaks of salmonella spp., staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes associated with poultry consumption. systematic review].food borne diseases are a serious public health problem. poultry are often associated with these outbreaks.201223715186
[distribution of listeria monocytogenes serotypes isolated from foods, colombia, 2000-2009].listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular, opportunistic pathogen which can cause severe infections such as meningitis, encephalitis and bacteremia. it can also cause abortions in human beings. foods are the vehicle for infection of the host. serotypification has discriminated 13 serotypes: 1/2a,1/2b, 1/2c, 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4ab, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 7. 4b is the cause of the majority of cases of listeriosis in the world.201223715189
cyclic di-amp is critical for listeria monocytogenes growth, cell wall homeostasis, and establishment of infection.listeria monocytogenes infection leads to robust induction of an innate immune signaling pathway referred to as the cytosolic surveillance pathway (csp), characterized by expression of beta interferon (ifn-β) and coregulated genes. we previously identified the ifn-β stimulatory ligand as secreted cyclic di-amp. synthesis of c-di-amp in l. monocytogenes is catalyzed by the diadenylate cyclase daca, and multidrug resistance transporters are necessary for secretion. to identify additional bacterial ...201323716572
antibody to a conserved antigenic target is protective against diverse prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens.microbial capsular antigens are effective vaccines but are chemically and immunologically diverse, resulting in a major barrier to their use against multiple pathogens. a β-(1→6)-linked poly-n-acetyl-d-glucosamine (pnag) surface capsule is synthesized by four proteins encoded in genetic loci designated intercellular adhesion in staphylococcus aureus or polyglucosamine in selected gram-negative bacterial pathogens. we report that many microbial pathogens lacking an identifiable intercellular adhe ...201323716675
mega-nano detection of foodborne pathogens and transgenes using molecular beacon and semiconductor quantum dot technologies.signature molecules derived from listeria monocytogenes, bacillus thuringiensis, and salmonella typhimurium were detected directly on food substrates (mega) by coupling molecular beacon technology utilizing fluorescent resonance energy transfer (fret), luminescent nanoscale semiconductor quantum dots, and nanoscale quenchers. we designed target dna sequences for detecting hlya, bt cry1ac, and inva genes from l. monocytogenes, b. thuringiensis and salmonella typhimurium, respectively, and prepare ...201323722479
il-18 provided in dying bacterial-infected macrophages induces ifn-γ production in functional t-cell hybridoma b6ho3 through cell conjugates.we have previously reported that the co-culture of functional t-cell hybridoma b6ho3 with dying j774 macrophage cells infected with listeria monocytogenes (lm) results in the production of ifn-γ by b6ho3 cells. here, we explore the mechanism underlying this phenomenon. we found that ifn-γ production was dependent on il-18, but that the dying lm-infected macrophages produced no more than 100 pg/ml of il-18, much less than the amount of il-18 required for stimulating b6ho3 cells to produce ifn-γ. ...201423723378
enterocin tw21, a novel bacteriocin from dochi-isolated enterococcus faecium d081821.purification and characterization of a novel bacteriocin produced by strain enterococcus faecium d081821.201323725102
outbreak of listerosis due to imported cooked ham, switzerland 2011.from 24 april to 31 july 2011, nine cases of listeriosis were registered in the cantons of aargau, basel-land and zurich, switzerland. in six of the cases, infection with listeria monocytogenes was laboratory confirmed, while three remained suspected cases. the suspected cases were family members of confirmed cases with identical or similar symptoms. all confirmed cases were infected with a l. monocytogenes strain belonging to serovar 1/2a: all had an indistinguishable pulsotype by pulsed-field ...201323725774
microbiological safety of domestic refrigerators and the dishcloths used to clean them in guadalajara, jalisco, mexico.household refrigerators are a potential pathogen contamination source for foods. an evaluation of the microbiological safety of 200 refrigerators in guadalajara, jalisco, mexico, was made by visual inspection, atp-bioluminescence levels, indicator microorganisms including escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus, and the presence of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella. additionally, interviews of the owners of the refrigerators were carried out to determine relationships between food storage ...201323726193
screening of lactobacillus isolated from pork sausages for potential probiotic use and evaluation of the microbiological safety of fermented products.the aim of this study was to select strains of lactobacillus isolated from pork sausage for use as probiotics. lactobacillus isolates were evaluated in tests based on probiotic characteristics and microbiological safety. the ufla sau 14, 52, and 91 isolates were differentiated by coaggregation with listeria monocytogenes, production of lactic acid, and survival at ph 2. ufla sau 172 and 187 isolates had high levels of coaggregation with salmonella typhi and escherichia coli, tolerance to pancrea ...201323726194
pathogenic microbiological baseline survey of pork carcasses in taiwan.from 2004 to 2010, pork carcass swabs from state-inspected slaughter plants in taiwan were intermittently analyzed to determine the prevalence of selected pathogenic microorganisms associated with foodborne illness. the prevalences of staphylococcus aureus each year from 2006 to 2010 were 6.6, 10.8, 5.1, 6.4, and 7.4%, respectively, while those of listeria monocytogenes were 1.2% in 2004, 1.3% in 2005, and 3.5% in 2008. the prevalences of clostridium perfringens were 0.9% in 2004, 3.2% in 2005, ...201323726203
utilization of mathematical models to manage risk of holding cold food without temperature control.this document describes the development of a tool to manage the risk of the transportation of cold food without temperature control. the tool uses predictions from combase predictor and builds on the 2009 u.s. food and drug administration model food code and supporting scientific data in the food code annex. i selected salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes as the organisms for risk management. salmonella spp. were selected because they are associated with a wide variety of foods and grow ra ...201323726207
single-molecule photobleaching reveals increased met receptor dimerization upon ligand binding in intact cells.the human receptor tyrosine kinase met and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor are essential during embryonic development and play an important role during cancer metastasis and tissue regeneration. in addition, it was found that met is also relevant for infectious diseases and is the target of different bacteria, amongst them listeria monocytogenes that induces bacterial uptake through the surface protein internalin b. binding of ligand to the met receptor is proposed to lead to ...201323731667
[cerebral salt wasting syndrome associated with listeria monocytogenes encephalitis. report of one case].hyponatremia is common in patients with severe neurological diseases and is often secondary to a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (siadh). however, in some patients, hyponatremia is due to cerebral salt wasting syndrome (csws). siadh and csws treatments are opposite and misdiagnosis can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. we report a 52 years old female with a rhom-boencephalitis caused by listeria monocytogenes (lm), ventriculitis and abscesses in cerebellum and b ...201323732421
murinization of internalin extends its receptor repertoire, altering listeria monocytogenes cell tropism and host responses.listeria monocytogenes (lm) is an invasive foodborne pathogen that leads to severe central nervous system and maternal-fetal infections. lm ability to actively cross the intestinal barrier is one of its key pathogenic properties. lm crosses the intestinal epithelium upon the interaction of its surface protein internalin (inla) with its host receptor e-cadherin (ecad). inla-ecad interaction is species-specific, does not occur in wild-type mice, but does in transgenic mice expressing human ecad an ...201323737746
incidence of listeria spp. in dairy cows feed and raw milk in latvia.feed is a risk factor for poisoning the farm environment thus also fresh milk with pathogenic microorganisms of listeria genus species. listeria ivanovii, listeria innocua, and listeria seeligeri were isolated from 9.2%, but listeria monocytogenes from 20.0% of feed samples. most often different fodders (9.3%) and silage (4.7%) were contaminated with listeria monocytogenes. listeria genus species were isolated more often from feed prepared and used in organic dairy farm than from that used in co ...201223738125
vital signs: listeria illnesses, deaths, and outbreaks--united states, 2009-2011.older adults, pregnant women, and persons with immunocompromising conditions are at higher risk than others for invasive listeria monocytogenes infection (listeriosis), a rare and preventable foodborne illness that can cause bacteremia, meningitis, fetal loss, and death.201323739339
acanthamoeba castellanii of the t4 genotype is a potential environmental host for enterobacter aerogenes and aeromonas hydrophila.acanthamoeba can interact with a wide range of microorganisms such as viruses, algae, yeasts, protists and bacteria including legionella pneumophila, pseudomonas aeruginosa, vibrio cholerae, helicobacter pylori, listeria monocytogenes, mycobacterium spp., and escherichia coli. in this capacity, acanthamoeba has been suggested as a vector in the transmission of bacterial pathogens to the susceptible hosts.201323742105
occurrence of listeria spp. in retail meat and dairy products in the area of addis ababa, ethiopia.listeriosis, a bacterial disease in humans and animals, is mostly caused by ingestion of listeria monocytogenes via contaminated food and/or water, or by a zoonotic infection. globally, listeriosis has in general a low incidence but a high case fatality rate.201323742294
combined antimicrobial effect of oregano essential oil and caprylic acid in minced beef.oregano essential oil (oeo) and caprylic acid (ca) are highly aromatic natural antimicrobials with limited individual application in food. we proved their combined additive effect when used in meat. application of 0.5% ca and 0.2% oeo (v/w) with 0.1% of citric acid in vacuum packed minced beef inoculated with listeria monocytogenes at a concentration of 5 log cells/g reduced counts of lactic acid bacteria by 1.5 log cfu/g and counts of psychrotrophic bacteria and l. monocytogenes by more than 2. ...201323743028
[measuring the control and decrease in prevalence of listeria monocytogenes species in foods of animal origin].a large distributed bacterium, listeria monocytogenes has been isolated from water and fresh vegetables, raw meat and processed meat (all types), and raw, salted and smoked fish. l. monocytogenes grows at low oxygen concentrations and at low temperatures, surviving for a long time in the environment, in the processing plant, as well as on the equipment, instruments and during storage at the refrigeration temperature. l. monocytogenes causes invasive listeriosis, often affecting immunocompromised ...201423745223
effector-like cd8⁺ t cells in the memory population mediate potent protective immunity.the cd8⁺ memory t cell population is heterogeneous, and it is unclear which subset(s) optimally mediate the central goal of the immune system-protection against infection. here we investigate the protective capacities of cd8⁺ t cell subsets present at the memory stage of the immune response. we show that a population of cd8⁺ t cells bearing markers associated with effector cells (klrg1(hi), cd27(lo), t-bet(hi), eomes(lo)) persisted to the memory phase and provided optimal control of listeria mon ...201323746652
sarm is required for neuronal injury and cytokine production in response to central nervous system viral infection.four of the five members of the toll/il-1r domain-containing adaptor family are required for signaling downstream of tlrs, promoting innate immune responses against different pathogens. however, the role of the fifth member of this family, sterile α and toll/il-1r domain-containing 1 (sarm), is unclear. sarm is expressed primarily in the cns where it is required for axonal death. studies in caenorhabditis elegans have also shown a role for sarm in innate immunity. to clarify the role of mammalia ...201323749635
multiple supratentorial brain abscesses due to listeria monocytogenes in a patient with myasthenia gravis. 201323751195
bacteriocin activity against various pathogens produced by pediococcus pentosaceus vj13 isolated from idly batter.bacteriocins, an antimicrobial peptide, is known to have wide spectrum antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. because they are easily digested in the intestine, they are considered as safe and are widely used as food preservatives. hence their purification and characterization have attracted considerable attraction, especially for those having activity against human pathogens. in this study, the bacteriocin produced by pediococcus pentosaceus vj13 was precipitated with cold acetone an ...201323754544
development of a dna macroarray for simultaneous detection of multiple foodborne pathogenic bacteria in fresh chicken meat.a dna macroarray was developed to provide the ability to detect multiple foodborne pathogens in fresh chicken meat. probes targeted to the 16s rrna and genus- and species-specific genes, including fimy, ipah, prfa, and uspa, were selected for the specific detection of salmonella spp., shigella spp., listeria monocytogenes, and escherichia coli, respectively. the combination of target gene amplification by pcr and a dna macroarray in our system was able to distinguish all target bacteria from pur ...201323754709
considerations on the isolation of listeria monocytogenes and other listeria spp. in food products.listeria monocytogenes, a gram positive bacillus, is well adapted for survival as a saprophyte in soil and decaying vegetation, but also able to cause serious infections, due to its ability of intracellular multiplication and meningeal and placental dissemination. a total number of 43 listeria spp. strains isolated from food were investigated. bacterial identification was performed according to standard methodology, based on: gram staining affinity, morphology, culture aspects on blood agar (exa ...201223755698
immunological response in egg-sensitive adults challenged with cheese containing or not containing lysozyme.lysozyme is an enzyme that hydrolyzes bacterial peptidoglicans. for this reason, it is used in cheese manufacturing in order to prevent a defect of long-ripened hard cheese called "late blowing" due to the outgrowth of spores of clostridium tyrobutyricum and clostridium butyricum. moreover, germination of listeria monocytogenes spores into vegetative cells is also sensitive to lysozyme. the enzyme can be an allergenic molecule, and for this reason there are concerns about its use in food industr ...201223756581
passive maternal exposure to environmental microbes selectively modulates the innate defences of chicken egg white by increasing some of its antibacterial activities.egg defence against bacterial contamination relies on immunoglobulins (igy) concentrated in the yolk and antimicrobial peptides/proteins predominantly localized in the egg white (ew). hens contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms export specific igys to the egg (adaptative immunity). no evidence of such regulation has been reported for the antimicrobial peptides/proteins (innate immunity) which are preventively secreted by the hen oviduct and are active against a large range of microbes. we i ...201323758641
[incidence study of listeriosis in spain].we performed a descriptive retrospective study of cases of listeriosis occurring in spain from 2001 to 2007 to determine the burden and trend of this disease in our setting. several sources of information were used. epidemiological information was collected from 1.242 cases of listeriosis, representing a mean incidence rate of 0,56 cases per 100.000 inhabitants per year, which was extrapolated as an overall estimate for spain. the annual incidence showed a statistically significant increasing tr ...201623759185
isolation and partial characterization of bioactive fucoxanthin from himanthalia elongata brown seaweed: a tlc-based approach.seaweeds are important sources of carotenoids, and numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of these pigments on human health. in the present study, himanthalia elongata brown seaweed was extracted with a mixture of low polarity solvents, and the crude extract was separated using analytical thin-layer chromatography (tlc). the separated compounds were tested for their potential antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity against listeria monocytogenes bacteria using tlc bioautograp ...201323762062
clec4f is an inducible c-type lectin in f4/80-positive cells and is involved in alpha-galactosylceramide presentation in liver.clec4f, a member of c-type lectin, was first purified from rat liver extract with high binding affinity to fucose, galactose (gal), n-acetylgalactosamine (galnac), and un-sialylated glucosphingolipids with galnac or gal terminus. however, the biological functions of clec4f have not been elucidated. to address this question, we examined the expression and distribution of murine clec4f, determined its binding specificity by glycan array, and investigated its function using clec4f knockout (clec4f- ...201323762286
antigen experience shapes phenotype and function of memory th1 cells.primary and secondary (boosted) memory cd8 t cells exhibit differences in gene expression, phenotype and function. the impact of repeated antigen stimulations on memory cd4 t cells is largely unknown. to address this issue, we utilized lcmv and listeria monocytogenes infection of mice to characterize primary and secondary antigen (ag)-specific th1 cd4 t cell responses. ag-specific primary memory cd4 t cells display a cd62l(lo)ccr7(hi) cd27(hi) cd127(hi) phenotype and are polyfunctional (most pro ...201323762323
fate of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes during storage of fermented green table olives in brine.the survival of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes during the storage of fermented green table olives cv. halkidiki in brine was studied in parallel with the evolution of lactic acid bacteria (lab), yeasts and ph. the olives were previously fermented with a starter culture (a potential probiotic strain of lactobacillus pentosus b281--starter process) or with the indigenous microbiota (control). after the end of fermentation, olives were placed in brine, i ...201323764213
strain-specific probiotics properties of lactobacillus fermentum, lactobacillus plantarum and lactobacillus brevis isolates from brazilian food products.a total of 234 lab isolates from brazilian food products were initially screened for their ability to survive at ph 2.0. fifty one of the isolates survived and were selected. they were characterized by phenotypic methods, rep-pcr and identified using 16s rrna gene sequencing as lactobacillus fermentum (34 isolates), lactobacillus plantarum (10) and lactobacillus brevis (7). based on being either highly tolerant to bile, showing an ability for auto-aggregation and/or hydrophobic properties, one l ...201323764216
hurdle enhancement of slightly acidic electrolyzed water antimicrobial efficacy on chinese cabbage, lettuce, sesame leaf and spinach using ultrasonication and water wash.slightly acidic electrolyzed water (saew) is well known as a good sanitizer against foodborne pathogens on fresh vegetables. however, microbial reductions from saew treatment are not enough to ensure produce safety. therefore, it is necessary to improve its antimicrobial efficiency by combining it with other appropriate approaches. this study examined the microbicidal activity of saew (ph 5.2-5.5, oxidation reduction potential 500-600 mv, available chlorine concentration 21-22 mg/l) on chinese c ...201323764218
role of initial contamination levels, biofilm maturity and presence of salt and fat on desiccation survival of listeria monocytogenes on stainless steel surfaces.this study investigated the effect of initial contamination levels, biofilm maturity and presence of salt and fatty food soils on desiccation survival of listeria monocytogenes on stainless steel (ss) coupons. l. monocytogenes cultures grown (at 15 °c for 48 h) in tryptic soy broth with 1% glucose (tsb-glu) containing either 0.5 or 5% (w/v) nacl were re-suspended in tsb-glu containing either 0.5 or 5% nacl and used to contaminate ss coupons at levels of 3.5, 5.5, and 7.5 log cfu/cm². desiccation ...201323764219
microbiological quality of chicken- and pork-based street-vended foods from taichung, taiwan, and laguna, philippines.the microbiological quality of chicken- and pork-based street-food samples from taichung, taiwan's night markets (50) and laguna, philippines' public places (69) was evaluated in comparison to a microbiological guideline for ready-to-eat foods. different bacterial contamination patterns were observed between 'hot-grilled' and 'cold cooked/fried' food types from the two sampling locations with 'hot grilled' foods generally showing better microbiological quality. several samples were found to be u ...201323764220
antibiofilm effect of plant derived antimicrobials on listeria monocytogenes.the present study investigated the efficacy of sub-inhibitory concentrations (sics, concentrations not inhibiting bacterial growth) and bactericidal concentrations (mbcs) of four, generally recognized as safe (gras), plant-derived antimicrobials (pdas) in inhibiting listeria monocytogenes (lm) biofilm formation and inactivating mature lm biofilms, at 37, 25 and 4 °c on polystyrene plates and stainless-steel coupons. in addition, the effect of sics of pdas on the expression of lm genes critical f ...201323764223
bacterial inactivation in water, dna strand breaking, and membrane damage induced by ultraviolet-assisted titanium dioxide photocatalysis.the effects of uv-assisted tio2-photocatalytic oxidation (pco) inactivation of pathogenic bacteria (escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium) in a liquid culture using different domains of uv irradiation (a, b and c) were evaluated. structural changes in super-coiled plasmid dna (puc19) and genomic dna of e. coli were observed using gel electrophoresis to demonstrate the photodynamic dna strand breaking activity of uv-assisted tio2-pco. membrane damage in bacteria ...201323764591
slit2 prevents neutrophil recruitment and renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.neutrophils recruited to the postischemic kidney contribute to the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury (iri), which is the most common cause of renal failure among hospitalized patients. the slit family of secreted proteins inhibits chemotaxis of leukocytes by preventing activation of rho-family gtpases, suggesting that members of this family might modulate the recruitment of neutrophils and the resulting iri. here, in static and microfluidic shear assays, slit2 inhibited multiple steps ...201323766538
comparative evaluation of the vidas listeria monocytogenes xpress (lmx) for the detection of listeria monocytogenes in a variety of foods.the vidas listeria monocytogenes xpress (lmx) test is an enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay designed for use with the automated vidas or mini-vidas instruments for the specific detection of l. monocytogenes using a 26 h proprietary enrichment broth. the vidas lmx method was validated according to harmonized aoac research institute (ri) and official methods of analysis guidelines in both the aoac performance tested method (ptm) and govval programs. in the ptm comparison studies, the vidas lmx ...201323767344
vidas listeria monocytogenes ii (lmo2).this aoac govval study compared the vidas listeria monocytogenes ii (lmo2) to the health products and food branch mfhpb-30 reference method for detection of l. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (rte) meats. the vidas lmo2 test is an automated enzyme-linked fluorescent immunoassay for the detection of l. monocytogenes in foods. the lmo2 test, following the enrichment procedure from the mflp-33 method, also included use of the chromogenic media, chromid ottaviani agosti agar (oaa) and chromid lmono fo ...201323767346
an ecological perspective of listeria monocytogenes biofilms in food processing facilities.listeria monocytogenes can enter the food chain at virtually any point. however, food processing environments seem to be of particular importance. from an ecological point of view, food processing facilities are microbial habitats that are constantly disturbed by cleaning and sanitizing procedures. although l. monocytogenes is considered ubiquitous in nature, it is important to recognize that not all l. monocytogenes strains appear to be equally distributed; the distribution of the organism seem ...201323768144
the transcription factor irf3 triggers "defensive suicide" necrosis in response to viral and bacterial pathogens.although molecular components that execute noninflammatory apoptotic cell death are well defined, molecular pathways that trigger necrotic cell death remain poorly characterized. here, we show that in response to infection with adenovirus or listeria monocytogenes, macrophages in vivo undergo rapid proinflammatory necrotic death that is controlled by interferon-regulatory factor 3 (irf3). the transcriptional activity of irf3 is, surprisingly, not required for the induction of necrosis, and it pr ...201323770239
pdb2011, a 7.6 kb multidrug resistance plasmid from listeria innocua replicating in gram-positive and gram-negative hosts.pdb2011, a multidrug resistance plasmid isolated from the foodborne listeria innocua strain tts-2011 was sequenced and characterized. sequence analysis revealed that pdb2011 had a length of 7641 bp and contained seven coding dna sequences of which two were annotated as replication proteins, one as a recombination/mobilization protein and one as a transposase. furthermore, pdb2011 harbored the trimethoprim, spectinomycin and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b resistance genes dfrd, spc and erm ...201323774482
anthropogenic impact on the presence of l. monocytogenes in soil, fruits, and vegetables.the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of listeria sp. and listeria monocytogenes in soil samples with reference to type of fertilizers (natural and artificial) and distance from places intensively exploited by men, as well as to determine the relationship between the presence of l. monocytogenes in the soil and in fruits and vegetables. the examined 1,000 soil samples originated from 15 different areas, whilst 140 samples of fruits and 210 samples of vegetables were collected fro ...201423775320
effect of combining nisin with modified atmosphere packaging on inhibition of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat turkey bologna.abstract the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nisin in combination with different types of packaging on the survival of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat low-fat turkey bologna. bologna was inoculated with l. monocytogenes exposed to 1 of 6 treatments: 3 packaging treatments (100% co2, air, vacuum), each with and without nisin. bologna was refrigerated and sampled 9 times over 42 d. nisin reduced initial l. monocytogenes populations by 1.5 to 2 log cycles and 100% co2 p ...201323776282
efficacy of malic acid against listeria monocytogenes attached to poultry skin during refrigerated storage.this work evaluated the effect of malic acid washing on the growth of listeria monocytogenes on poultry legs stored at 4°c for 8 d. fresh inoculated chicken legs were dipped into a 1 or 2% malic acid solution (vol/vol) for 5 min or distilled water (control). surface ph values, sensorial characteristics (odor, color, texture, and overall appearance) and l. monocytogenes, mesophile, psychrotroph, and enterobacteriaceae counts were evaluated after treatment (d 0) and after 1, 3, 6, and 8 d of stora ...201323776283
cd14-dependent monocyte isolation enhances phagocytosis of listeria monocytogenes by proinflammatory, gm-csf-derived macrophages.macrophages are an important line of defence against invading pathogens. human macrophages derived by different methods were tested for their suitability as models to investigate listeria monocytogenes (lm) infection and compared to macrophage-like thp-1 cells. human primary monocytes were isolated by either positive or negative immunomagnetic selection and differentiated in the presence of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) or macrophage colony-stimulating factor (m-csf) ...201323776701
risk-based approach for microbiological food safety management in the dairy industry: the case of listeria monocytogenes in soft cheese made from pasteurized milk.according to codex alimentarius commission recommendations, management options applied at the process production level should be based on good hygiene practices, haccp system, and new risk management metrics such as the food safety objective. to follow this last recommendation, the use of quantitative microbiological risk assessment is an appealing approach to link new risk-based metrics to management options that may be applied by food operators. through a specific case study, listeria monocyto ...201423777564
in vivo targeting of human dc-sign drastically enhances cd8⁺ t-cell-mediated protective immunity.vaccination is one of the oldest yet still most effective methods to prevent infectious diseases. however, eradication of intracellular pathogens and treatment of certain diseases like cancer requiring efficient cytotoxic immune responses remain a medical challenge. in mice, a successful approach to induce strong cytotoxic cd8⁺ t-cell (ctl) reactions is to target antigens to dcs using specific antibodies against surface receptors in combination with adjuvants. a major drawback for translating th ...201323784881
growth and membrane fluidity of food-borne pathogen listeria monocytogenes in the presence of weak acid preservatives and hydrochloric acid.this study addresses a major issue in microbial food safety, the elucidation of correlations between acid stress and changes in membrane fluidity of the pathogen listeria monocytogenes. in order to assess the possible role that membrane fluidity changes play in l. monocytogenes tolerance to antimicrobial acids (acetic, lactic, hydrochloric acid at low ph or benzoic acid at neutral ph), the growth of the bacterium and the gel-to-liquid crystalline transition temperature point (t m) of cellular li ...201323785360
species-specific pamp recognition by tlr2 and evidence for species-restricted interaction with dectin-1.tlrs mediate recognition of a wide range of microbial products, including lps, lipoproteins, flagellin, and bacterial dna, and signaling through tlrs leads to the production of inflammatory mediators. in addition to tlrs, many other surface receptors have been proposed to participate in innate immunity and microbial recognition, and signaling through some of these, for example, c-type lectins, is likely to cooperate with tlr signaling in defining inflammatory responses. in the present study, we ...201323787127
a case of foodborne listeriosis linked to a contaminated food-production process.we report a case of listeriosis linked to consumption of contaminated ox tongue. a public health investigation identified intermittent contamination at a meat-production process and ox-tongue production was discontinued. sensitive molecular subtyping methods are improving our ability to track sources of listeria monocytogenes contamination through the food chain. detailed investigation of sporadic cases of listeriosis can provide important public health information and its wider use is encourage ...201323788596
pathogen-specific treg cells expand early during mycobacterium tuberculosis infection but are later eliminated in response to interleukin-12.thymically derived foxp3⁺ regulatory t (treg) cells have a propensity to recognize self-peptide:mhc complexes, but their ability to respond to epitope-defined foreign antigens during infectious challenge has not been demonstrated. here we show that pulmonary infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), but not listeria monocytogenes (lm), induced robust lymph node expansion of a highly activated population of pathogen-specific treg cells from the pre-existing pool of thymically derived treg ...201323791647
identification and evaluation of the probiotic potential of lactobacillus paraplantarum ft259, a bacteriocinogenic strain isolated from brazilian semi-hard artisanal cheese.this study aimed to identify a bacteriocinogenic lactobacillus isolate (ft259) obtained from brazilian semi-hard minas type cheese and to evaluate its probiotic and antimicrobial potentials. the strain was identified by biochemical tests (at genus level), and by 16s rdna sequencing combined with reca gene amplification (for species). to determine the inhibitory spectrum towards food borne pathogens and lactic acid bacteria, the spot-on-the-lawn assay was carried out. moreover, the proteinaceous ...201323792229
inhibition of listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli o157:h7 in liquid broth medium and during processing of fermented sausage using autochthonous starter cultures.the antimicrobial effect of two autochthonous starter cultures of lactobacillus sakei was evaluated in vitro (in liquid broth medium) and in situ assays. the inactivation of foodborne pathogens listeria monocytogenes (serotype 4ab no 10) and escherichia coli o157:h7 atcc 43888 was investigated during the production of fermented sausage according to a typical greek recipe using l. sakei strains as starter cultures. the inactivation kinetics were modeled using ginafit, a freeware tool to assess mi ...201323793080
structure-activity relationship of synthetic variants of the milk-derived antimicrobial peptide αs2-casein f(183-207).template-based studies on antimicrobial peptide (amp) derivatives obtained through manipulation of the amino acid sequence are helpful to identify properties or residues that are important for biological activity. the present study sheds light on the importance of specific amino acids of the milk-derived αs2-casein f(183-207) peptide to its antibacterial activity against the food-borne pathogens listeria monocytogenes and cronobacter sakazakii. trimming of the peptide revealed that residues at t ...201323793637
sumoylation at the host-pathogen interface.many viral proteins have been shown to be sumoylated with corresponding regulatory effects on their protein function, indicating that this host cell modification process is widely exploited by viral pathogens to control viral activity. in addition to using sumoylation to regulate their own proteins, several viral pathogens have been shown to modulate overall host sumoylation levels. given the large number of cellular targets for sumo addition and the breadth of critical cellular processes that a ...201223795346
a bifunctional invertebrate-type lysozyme from the disk abalone, haliotis discus discus: genome organization, transcriptional profiling and biological activities of recombinant protein.lysozyme is an important enzyme in the innate immune system that plays a vital role in fighting microbial infections. in the current study, we identified, cloned, and characterized a gene that encodes an invertebrate-type lysozyme from the disk abalone, haliotis discus discus (ablysi). the full-length cdna of ablysi consisted of 545 bp with an open reading frame of 393 bp that encodes 131 amino acids. the theoretical molecular mass of mature ablysi was 12.3 kda with an isoelectric point of 8.03. ...201323796790
synthesis, crystal structure, optical properties and antibacterial evaluation of novel imidazo[1, 5-a]pyridine derivatives bearing a hydrazone moiety.a series of novel imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine-hydrazone derivatives were synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy (ir), 1h nmr, 13c nmr and high resolution mass spectrometer (hrms). typically, the spatial structure of compound 3j was determined using x-ray diffraction analysis. the uv-vis absorption and fluorescence spectral characteristics of the compounds in dichloromethane and acetonitrile were investigated. absorption peaks could be observed in the wavelength range 290-450 nm. it ca ...201423797987
structural and functional insights into caseinolytic proteases reveal an unprecedented regulation principle of their catalytic triad.caseinolytic proteases (clpps) are large oligomeric protein complexes that contribute to cell homeostasis as well as virulence regulation in bacteria. although most organisms possess a single clpp protein, some organisms encode two or more clpp isoforms. here, we elucidated the crystal structures of clpp1 and clpp2 from pathogenic listeria monocytogenes and observe an unprecedented regulation principle by the catalytic triad. whereas l. monocytogenes (lm)clpp2 is both structurally and functional ...201323798410
secreted listeria adhesion protein (lap) influences lap-mediated listeria monocytogenes paracellular translocation through epithelial barrier.listeria adhesion protein (lap), an alcohol acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (lmo1634) promotes bacterial paracellular translocation through epithelial cell junctions during gastrointestinal phase of infection. secreted lap is critical for pathogenesis and is mediated by seca2 system; however, if strain dependent variation in lap secretion would affect l. monocytogenes paracellular translocation through epithelial barrier is unknown.201323799938
diversity assessment of listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation: impact of growth condition, serotype and strain origin.the foodborne pathogen listeria monocytogenes has the ability to produce biofilms in food-processing environments and then contaminate food products, which is a major concern for food safety. the biofilm forming behavior of 143 l. monocytogenes strains was determined in four different media that were rich, moderate or poor in nutrients at 12°c, 20°c, 30°c and 37°c. the biofilm formation was mostly influenced by temperature, resulting in decreased biofilm formation with decreasing temperature. bi ...201323800738
optimized extraction and characterization of antimicrobial phenolic compounds from mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) cultivation and processing waste.applications for antimicrobials derived from the mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) plant are presently restricted by high production costs. extraction from cultivation or processing waste streams using a solvent-free approach could lessen to permit commercial applications in food processing and preservation.201323801044
efficacy of different antimicrobials on inhibition of listeria monocytogenes growth in laboratory medium and on cold-smoked salmon.listeria monocytogenes is of particular concern in cold-smoked fish products as it can survive curing and cold-smoking, and can subsequently grow from low numbers to potentially hazardous levels during refrigerated storage. the purpose of this study was to (i) quantify the effects of organic acids, nisin, and their combinations on controlling l. monocytogenes growth on cold-smoked salmon at refrigeration temperatures, (ii) identify synergistic interactions of binary combinations of these antimic ...201323803569
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