Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| characterization of cytosine methylation and the dna methyltransferases of toxoplasma gondii. | dna methylation is a key epigenetic modification which confers phenotypic plasticity and adaptation. cyst-forming strains of toxoplasma gondii undergo tachyzoite to bradyzoite conversion after initial acute infection of a host, and the reverse conversion may occur in immune-suppressed hosts. the formation of m(5)c is catalyzed by dna methyltransferase (dnmt). we identified two functional dna methyltransferases, tgdnmta and tgdnmtb, in t. gondii that may mediate dna methylation. the recombinant p ... | 2017 | 28529454 |
| a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored carbonic anhydrase-related protein of toxoplasma gondii is important for rhoptry biogenesis and virulence. | carbonic anhydrase-related proteins (carps) have previously been described as catalytically inactive proteins closely related to α-carbonic anhydrases (α-cas). these carps are found in animals (both vertebrates and invertebrates) and viruses as either independent proteins or domains of other proteins. we report here the identification of a new carp (tgca_rp) in the unicellular organism toxoplasma gondii that is related to the recently described η-class ca found in plasmodium falciparum. tgca_rp ... | 2017 | 28529974 |
| genotyping toxoplasma gondii with the b1 gene in naturally infected sheep from an endemic region in the pacific coast of mexico. | toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite with a broad ecological valence, which has been detected in a wide range of hosts and landscapes. although the genus is considered monospecific, in recent years it has been demonstrated to exhibit more genetic variability than previously known. in mexico, there are few genotyping studies, which suggest that classical, autochthonous, and atypical strains are circulating. the goal of this study was to describe t. gondii genetic diversity in naturally infec ... | 2017 | 28530509 |
| cerebral toxoplasmosis masquerading cns lymphoma on fdg pet-ct in post renal transplant patient. | 20 year old post renal transplant patient developed recurrent episodes of seizure. mri revealed focal lesion in right parieto-occipital lobe with perilesional edema. fdg pet-ct revealed multiple hypermetabolic lesions in bilateral cerebral hemisphere. subsequent biopsy from the lesion demonstrated bradyzoites of toxoplasma gondii with inflammatory cells and thereby, a confirmatory diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis was made. this case demonstrates the fact that increased fdg uptake in cerebral ... | 2017 | 28533649 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of anti-toxoplasma gondii activity of a novel scaffold of thiazolidinone derivatives. | we designed and synthesised novel n-substituted 1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives for the evaluation of their anti-toxoplasma gondii efficacy. this scaffold was functionalised both at the n1-hydrazine portion with three structurally different moieties and at the lactam nitrogen with substituted benzyl groups selected on the basis of our previous structure-activity relationships studies. using three different assay methods, the compounds were assessed in vitro to determine both the levels of effi ... | 2017 | 28537532 |
| an 18s rrna workflow for characterizing protists in sewage, with a focus on zoonotic trichomonads. | microbial eukaryotes (protists) are important components of terrestrial and aquatic environments, as well as animal and human microbiomes. their relationships with metazoa range from mutualistic to parasitic and zoonotic (i.e., transmissible between humans and animals). despite their ecological importance, our knowledge of protists in urban environments lags behind that of bacteria, largely due to a lack of experimentally validated high-throughput protocols that produce accurate estimates of pro ... | 2017 | 28540488 |
| structures and kinetics for plant nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases support a domain motion catalytic mechanism. | extracellular nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (ntpdases) are enzymes that hydrolyze extracellular nucleotides to the respective monophosphate nucleotides. in the past 20 years, ntpdases belonging to mammalian, parasitic and prokaryotic domains of life have been discovered, cloned and characterized. we reveal the first structures of ntpdases from the legume plant species trifolium repens (7wc) and vigna unguiculata subsp. cylindrica (dblnp). four crystal structures of 7wc and dblnp we ... | 2017 | 28543850 |
| synergistic activity between statins and bisphosphonates against acute experimental toxoplasmosis. | bisphosphonates are widely used for the treatment of bone disorders. these drugs also inhibit the growth of a variety of protozoan parasites, such as toxoplasma gondii, the etiologic agent of toxoplasmosis. the target of the most potent bisphosphonates is the isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway enzyme farnesyl diphosphate synthase (fpps). based on our previous work on the inhibitory effect of sulfur-containing linear bisphosphonates against t. gondii, we investigated the potential synergistic intera ... | 2017 | 28559264 |
| serosurvey of anti- leptospira sp. and anti- toxoplasma gondii antibodies in capybaras and collared and white-lipped peccaries. | brazilian native species are reemerging as increasingly free-ranging populations. | 2017 | 28562764 |
| [investigation of cytokine responses and variations in the expression of beta-defensin-3 of caco-2 human colon epidermal adenocarsinoma and thp-1 human leukemia monocyte cell lines in response to toxoplasma gondii under various conditions]. | mononuclear phogocytic cells and epithelial cells are effective during the initiation and regulation of the innate immune response. they have an active role in mucosal immune response both mechanically and by interaction with other cells with cytokine release. defensins are microbicidal peptides that are expressed in various cells and are thought to be effective in the first line defense against pathogens. il-12 and il-10, showing proinflamatory and antiinflamatory activities, respectively, are ... | 2017 | 28566079 |
| toxoplasma gondii maf1b binds the host cell mib complex to mediate mitochondrial association. | many diverse intracellular pathogens, such as legionella pneumophila, chlamydia psittaci, encephalitozoon sp., and toxoplasma gondii, manipulate and relocate host cell organelles, including mitochondria. toxoplasma tachyzoites use a secreted protein, mitochondrial association factor 1b (maf1b), to drive the association between the host mitochondria and the membrane of the parasitophorous vacuole, in which the parasites grow. the identity of the host partner in this interaction, however, has not ... | 2017 | 28567444 |
| diagnosis of swine toxoplasmosis by pcr and genotyping of toxoplasma gondii from pigs in henan, central china. | toxoplasma gondii, a widely prevalent protozoan parasite, causes serious toxoplasmosis infections in humans and other animals. among livestock, pigs are susceptible to t. gondii infection. despite henan being one of the biggest pig-raising provinces in china, little information exists on the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in this location. therefore, we molecularly characterized dna samples from pigs in henan. a total of 1647 samples, including 952 from dead piglets, 478 from seriously sick fatte ... | 2017 | 28569215 |
| host lipid droplets: an important source of lipids salvaged by the intracellular parasite toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasma is an obligate intracellular parasite that replicates in mammalian cells within a parasitophorous vacuole (pv) that does not fuse with any host organelles. one mechanism developed by the parasite for nutrient acquisition is the attraction of host organelles to the pv. here, we examined the exploitation of host lipid droplets (ld), ubiquitous fat storage organelles, by toxoplasma. we show that toxoplasma replication is reduced in host cells that are depleted of ld, or impaired in tag l ... | 2017 | 28570716 |
| evaluation of novel oocyst wall protein candidates of toxoplasma gondii. | oocyst stage of toxoplasma gondii is characterized by a durable wall that confers a strong protection to this protozoan parasite in face of harsh environmental conditions. thus, it is considered the key for transmission of t. gondii. analysis of oocyst wall composition is mandatory therefore; the aim of this study was to identify novel t. gondii oocyst wall proteins and test their use in detection of these oocysts in environmental samples. five candidates of novel t. gondii oocyst wall proteins ... | 2017 | 28571766 |
| mast cell activator compound 48/40 is not an effective adjuvant for uv-attenuated toxoplasma gondii vaccine. | toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii, tg) is a globally distributed parasitic protozoan causing different forms of toxoplasmosis in humans. mast cells (mcs) play a role during t. gondii infection. several studies suggest that mc activator compound 48/80 (c48/80) may be an effective vaccine adjuvant resulting in a potent and protective antigen-specific immune response against bacteria or virus infections. the present study was performed to determine whether c48/80 had adjuvant activity for ultraviolet (u ... | 2017 | 28573462 |
| toxoplasma gondii moderates the association between multiple folate-cycle factors and cognitive function in u.s. adults. | toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) is a microscopic, apicomplexan parasite that can infect muscle or neural tissue, including the brain, in humans. while t. gondii infection has been associated with changes in mood, behavior, and cognition, the mechanism remains unclear. recent evidence suggests that t. gondii may harvest folate from host neural cells. reduced folate availability is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cognitive decline. w ... | 2017 | 28574478 |
| lack of viable parasites in cured 'parma ham' (pdo), following experimental toxoplasma gondii infection of pigs. | twelve large white pigs were experimentally infected with 1000 toxoplasma gondii oocysts/each. serology was carried out at different time points post infection (p.i.) and animals were slaughtered at four months p.i. one of two thighs was examined for t. gondii infection status by pcr and bioassay in mice. the other thigh was processed for parma ham production. four thighs were examined after twelve months of curing, four after fourteen months and four were examined after sixteen months. cured ha ... | 2017 | 28576364 |
| human infectious diseases and risk of preeclampsia: an updated review of the literature. | preeclampsia (pe) is one of the major causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries. in recent years, a growing body of literatures suggests that infections by bacteria, viruses, and parasites and their related inflammations play an important role in the pathogenesis of pe. | 2017 | 28577241 |
| functional and phylogenetic evidence of a bacterial origin for the first enzyme in sphingolipid biosynthesis in a phylum of eukaryotic protozoan parasites. | toxoplasma gondii is an obligate, intracellular eukaryotic apicomplexan protozoan parasite that can cause fetal damage and abortion in both animals and humans. sphingolipids are essential and ubiquitous components of eukaryotic membranes that are both synthesized and scavenged by the apicomplexa. here we report the identification, isolation, and analyses of the toxoplasma serine palmitoyltransferase, an enzyme catalyzing the first and rate-limiting step in sphingolipid biosynthesis: the condensa ... | 2017 | 28578314 |
| serologic evidence of toxoplasma gondii infection among cancer patients. a prospective study from qassim region, saudi arabia. | [no abstract available]. | 2017 | 28578450 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasma gondii infection in invasive raccoons (procyon lotor) in central europe. | toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis in warm-blooded animals. most mammals, including humans, can become intermediate host, resulting in subclinical infection or even death. generally, there is limited information on the epidemiology of t. gondii of game species in germany. as omnivores, raccoons, which are particularly widespread and abundant in germany, are particularly exposed to infection the parasite. here, we report the seroprevalence of t. gon ... | 2017 | 28578461 |
| molecular detection of toxoplasma gondii in the slaughter sheep and goats from north india. | toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that infects almost all the warm blooded animals, including human beings. the disease usually remains asymptomatic but is a serious concern for pregnant women, developing foetus and immuno-compromised individuals. we collected 400 cardiac/skeletal muscle tissue samples from slaughter sheep (177) and goat (223) intended for human consumption from punjab, uttar pradesh and chandigarh states/union territory in north india. the samples were pep ... | 2017 | 28579027 |
| genetic analyses of chinese isolates of toxoplasma gondii reveal a new genotype with high virulence to murine hosts. | a great deal of evidence demonstrates that a strongly clonal population structure of toxoplasma gondii strains exists in humans and animals in north america and europe, while the strains from south america are genetically separate and more diverse. potential differences in virulence between different strains mean that an understanding of strain diversity is important to human and animal health. however, to date, only one predominant genotype, toxodb#9 (chinese i), and a few other genotypes, incl ... | 2017 | 28579032 |
| prevalence of pregnancy-relevant infections in a rural setting of ghana. | although infectious diseases still account for a high burden of morbidity and mortality in sub-saharan africa, simultaneous investigations on multiple infections affecting maternal and child health are missing. | 2017 | 28583150 |
| geographical distribution of toxoplasma gondii genotypes in asia: a link with neighboring continents. | defining the pattern of genetic diversity of toxoplasma gondii is important to understand its worldwide distribution. during the last decades, a large number of studies have been published on toxoplasma genotypes circulating in europe, in north and south america. two continents are still largely unexplored, africa and, to a less extent, asia. in this last continent, an increasing number of publications reported genotypes circulating in diverse provinces of china, but very few data are available ... | 2017 | 28583867 |
| evaluation of potential anti-toxoplasmosis efficiency of combined traditional herbs in a mouse model. | toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide spread protozoan and is able to infect almost all warm-blood animals. no effective drugs are available clinically on toxoplasmosis. chinese traditional herbal medicines have provided remedies for many health problems. there exists a possibility that chinese herbs may provide protection against t. gondii. this work aims to assess the protective efficacy of combined chinese herbs against t. gondii. we screened five herbal medicines that have different pharmacologic ... | 2017 | 28585421 |
| toxoplasma gondii in the food supply. | toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii. infections are usually either asymptomatic or develop mild symptoms that are self-limited, but infections in immunosuppressed persons can be severe. infections in pregnant women can cause serious health problems in the child such as mental retardation and blindness. infection with t. gondii in immunocompetent adults can lead to impaired eyesight. toxoplasmosis has ranked very highly in two studies of death and di ... | 2017 | 28587147 |
| preliminary multiplex microarray igg immunoassay for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and rubella. | during pregnancy, toxoplasmosis and rubella can cause serious damage to the mother and the foetus through vertical transmission. early diagnosis enables implementation of health measures aimed at preventing vertical transmission and minimising damage caused by these diseases. | 2017 | 28591403 |
| immunization with a dna vaccine encoding toxoplasma gondii superoxide dismutase (tgsod) induces partial immune protection against acute toxoplasmosis in balb/c mice. | toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that infects all warm-blooded animals including humans and causes toxoplasmosis. an effective vaccine could be an ideal choice for preventing and controlling toxoplasmosis. t. gondii superoxide dismutase (tgsod) might participate in affecting the intracellular growth of both bradyzoite and tachyzoite forms. in the present study, the tgsod gene was used to construct a dna vaccine (pegfp-sod). | 2017 | 28592247 |
| in vitro treatment of toxoplasma gondii with copper(ii) complexes induces apoptosis-like and cellular division alterations. | toxoplasma gondii is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, which is one of the most common parasitic diseases in the world. this pathogen causes severe damage to immunocompromised hosts, and the most frequently used therapy is the combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, which has side effects. thus, there is a need for new therapies that target t. gondii. herein, we present the anti-toxoplasma effect of two new copper(ii) complexes: [(h2l1) cu (μ-cl)2 cu(h2l1)] cl2·5h2o (1) and [(h2l2) cu ... | 2017 | 28592362 |
| myosin-dependent cell-cell communication controls synchronicity of division in acute and chronic stages of toxoplasma gondii. | the obligate intracellular parasite toxoplasma gondii possesses a repertoire of 11 myosins. three class xiv motors participate in motility, invasion and egress, whereas the class xxii myosin f is implicated in organelle positioning and inheritance of the apicoplast. here we provide evidence that tgunc acts as a chaperone dedicated to the folding, assembly and function of all toxoplasma myosins. the conditional ablation of tgunc recapitulates the phenome of the known myosins and uncovers two func ... | 2017 | 28593938 |
| the antifungal aureobasidin a and an analogue are active against the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii but do not inhibit sphingolipid biosynthesis - corrigendum. | 2017 | 28595661 | |
| parkinson's disease and toxoplasma gondii infection: sero-molecular assess the possible link among patients. | we investigated the possible association between parkinson's disease (pd), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and toxoplasma gondii infection, the most common neurotropic protozoan parasitic infection, using serological and molecular techniques. one hundred and fifteen patients with confirmed pd and 115 healthy subjects in the same age and sex distribution were enrolled in this study. blood samples were taken from each participant and the sera was screened for anti-toxoplasma anti ... | 2017 | 28602836 |
| sag5b and sag5c combined vaccine protects mice against toxoplasma gondii infection. | infections with the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii, which are common around the world, can lead to congenital infections in humans. t. gondii surface antigen protein 5b (sag5b) and sag5c are potential stimulators of humoral and cellular immune responses. in this study, a multi-antigenic dna vaccine constructed to express t. gondii sag5b and sag5c proteins simultaneously was used to immunize balb/c mice to evaluate the protective efficacy of the vaccine. igg antibody and gamma interferon (i ... | 2017 | 28602862 |
| the effect of tgf-β on treg cells in adverse pregnancy outcome upon toxoplasma gondii infection. | toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) is a ubiquitous intracellular protozoan parasite that causes adverse pregnancy outcomes. its infection downregulates the treg cell population and tgf-β level, which may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes. tgf-β plays a critical role in treg cell development, but whether tgf-β treatment can affect the number and function of treg cells and hence alleviate adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by t. gondii infection remains elusive. in this study, t. gondii-infected ... | 2017 | 28603517 |
| transcriptional responses in the murine spleen after toxoplasma gondii infection: inflammasome and mucus-associated genes. | the spleen plays an important role in coordinating both adaptive and innate immune responses. here, the transcriptional response to t. gondii infection in the murine spleen was characterized concerning inflammasome sensors (two different models: seven days after oral or four weeks after intraperitoneal infection). additionally, tff1(ko) and tff3(ko) mice were investigated because tff genes are often upregulated during inflammation. the expression of the pattern-recognition receptors nlrp3, nlrp1 ... | 2017 | 28604600 |
| non-malarial infectious diseases of antenatal care in pregnant women in franceville, gabon. | in sub-tropical countries, infectious diseases remain one of the main causes of mortality. because of their lack of active immunity, pregnant women and their unborn children represent the most susceptible people. in gabon, data on infectious diseases of pregnant women such as syphilis and rubella are either scarce or very old. few studies have assessed t. gondii infection during pregnancy in the country. here, we evaluate seroprevalence of hiv, htvl-1, syphilis and t. gondii and rubella infectio ... | 2017 | 28606185 |
| identification of compounds that suppress toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites and bradyzoites. | drug treatment for toxoplasmosis is problematic, because current drugs cannot eradicate latent infection with toxoplasma gondii and can cause bone marrow toxicity. because latent infection remains after treatment, relapse of infection is a problem in both infections in immunocompromised patients and in congenitally infected patients. to identify lead compounds for novel drugs against toxoplasma gondii, we screened a chemical compound library for anti-toxoplasma activity, host cell cytotoxicity, ... | 2017 | 28609444 |
| anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies in patients with beta-hemoglobinopathies: the first report in the americas. | in brazil, there have been no previous studies of toxoplasma gondii infection in sickle cell anemia patients and carriers of severe forms of beta-thalassemia. this study evaluated t. gondii infection in patients with beta-hemoglobinopathies. | 2017 | 28615064 |
| pcr-rflp based genotyping of indian isolates of toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite capable of infecting a wide variety of warm-blooded animals, including birds and humans and is zoonotically important too. felidae serve its definitive hosts and most infections are inoccous while in various intermediate hosts (e.g. sheep), it is responsible for abortion, still births. humans which are immune compromised are also susceptible to toxoplasmosis. most of the epidemiological studies have revealed it to be belonging to three clonal types w ... | 2017 | 28615877 |
| survey for selected pathogens in wild pigs (sus scrofa) from guam, marianna islands, usa. | pigs (sus scrofa) were introduced to guam in the 1600's and are now present in high densities throughout the island. wild pigs are reservoirs for pathogens of concern to domestic animals and humans. exposure to porcine parvovirus, transmissible gastroenteritis, and leptospira interrogans has been documented in domestic swine but data from wild pigs are lacking. the close proximity of humans, domestic animals, and wild pigs, combined with the liberal hunting of wild pigs, results in frequent oppo ... | 2017 | 28622856 |
| schizogony and gametogony of oocyst-deficient t-263 strain of toxoplasma gondii. | oocysts are important stage for the spread of toxoplasma gondii because they are environmentally resistant. among all hosts of t. gondii, only felids can excrete oocysts. cats that have excreted t. gondii oocysts after primary infection develop immunity to re-excretion of oocysts, and this immunity appears to be long-lasting. it would be desirable to have a non-infectious vaccine for the prevention of t. gondii infection in cats and to understand mechanism of immunity to excretion of oocysts. an ... | 2017 | 28624132 |
| evaluation of protective immunity induced by dna vaccination with genes encoding toxoplasma gondii gra17 and gra23 against acute toxoplasmosis in mice. | toxoplasma gondii, an obligatory intracellular protozoan, can cause serious public health problems and economic losses worldwide. two novel dense granule proteins (gra17 and gra23) were recently identified as t. gondii-secreted proteins which are localized to the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (pvm) and can mediate the movement of small molecules between the host cell and parasitophorous vacuole (pv). in the present study, we evaluated the protective immunity induced by dna vaccination with ge ... | 2017 | 28625894 |
| proteomic differences between developmental stages of toxoplasma gondii revealed by itraq-based quantitative proteomics. | toxoplasma gondii has a complex two-host life-cycle between intermediate host and definitive host. understanding proteomic variations across the life-cycle stages of t. gondii may improve the understanding of molecular adaption mechanism of t. gondii across life-cycle stages, and should have implications for the development of new treatment and prevention interventions against t. gondii infection. here, we utilized lc-ms/ms coupled with itraq labeling technology to identify differentially expres ... | 2017 | 28626452 |
| the heat shock protein 90 of toxoplasma gondii is essential for invasion of host cells and tachyzoite growth. | toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite that infects almost all warm-blooded vertebrates. heat shock proteins (hsp) regulate key signal transduction events in many organisms, and heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) plays an important role in growth, development, and virulence in several parasitic protozoa. here, we discovered increased transcription of the hsp90 gene under conditions for bradyzoite differentiation, i.e. alkaline and heat shock conditions in vitro, suggesti ... | 2017 | 28627357 |
| toxoplasma depends on lysosomal consumption of autophagosomes for persistent infection. | globally, nearly 2 billion people are infected with the intracellular protozoan toxoplasma gondii(1). this persistent infection can cause severe disease in immunocompromised people and is epidemiologically linked to major mental illnesses(2) and cognitive impairment(3). there are currently no options for curing this infection. the lack of effective therapeutics is due partly to a poor understanding of the essential pathways that maintain long-term infection. although it is known that toxoplasma ... | 2017 | 28628099 |
| igg avidity test in congenital toxoplasmosis diagnoses in newborns. | the goal of this study was to investigate the importance of igg avidity testing in newborns (nbs) diagnosed with early congenital toxoplasmosis. we collected samples from 88 puerperae infected by toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) and their nbs (48 acutely-infected puerperae (aip) and 40 chronically-infected puerperae (cip)), from two public maternity hospitals in goiania city, goias, brazil, from 2010 to 2015. specific anti-t. gondii igm and igg serum levels and igg avidity tests were evaluated usin ... | 2017 | 28629167 |
| association between toxoplasma gondii types and outcomes of human infection: a meta-analysis. | the virulence and pathogenicity of various types of toxoplasma gondii differ considerably in mice. recent studies have claimed that similar phenomenon was observed in humans, but no relevant studies have been performed to validate this finding. in addition, reports showing association between a given t. gondii type and outcomes of human infection yielded conflicting results. to provide a more precise estimation of the association and a more reliable conclusion on this subject, we performed this ... | 2017 | 28629230 |
| ccr5 is involved in interruption of pregnancy in mice infected with toxoplasma gondii during early pregnancy. | toxoplasmosis can cause abortion in pregnant humans and other animals; however, the mechanism of abortion remains unknown. c-c chemokine receptor type 5 (ccr5) is essential for host defense against toxoplasma gondii infection. to investigate the relationship between ccr5 and abortion in toxoplasmosis, we inoculated wild-type and ccr5-deficient (ccr5(-/-)) mice with t. gondii tachyzoites intraperitoneally on day 3 of pregnancy (embryonic day 3 [e3]). the pregnancy rate decreased as pregnancy prog ... | 2017 | 28630065 |
| new molecular tools in neospora caninum for studying apicomplexan parasite proteins. | the development of molecular genetics has greatly enhanced the study of the biology and pathology associated with parasites of the phylum apicomplexa. we have established a system specifically designed for neospora caninum, and used this system as a heterologous platform for the expression of foreign genes. plasmid constructs containing fluorescent proteins or targeted genes of toxoplasma gondii, driven by n. caninum promoters, have yielded robust expression and correct trafficking of target gen ... | 2017 | 28630403 |
| development of neurological mouse model for toxoplasmosis using toxoplasma gondii isolated from chicken in kenya. | animal models for the toxoplasmosis are scarce and have limitations. in this study, a neurological mouse model was developed in balb/c mice infected intraperitoneally with 15 cysts of a toxoplasma gondii isolate. the mice were monitored for 42 days and euthanized at different time points. another group of mice were orally treated with dexamethasone (dxm: 2.66 mg/kg daily, 5.32 mg/kg daily) at 42 days after infection and monitored for a further 42 days. a mortality rate of 15% and 28.6% was obser ... | 2017 | 28630781 |
| parasites lacking the micronemal protein mic2 are deficient in surface attachment and host cell egress, but remain virulent in vivo. | background: micronemal proteins of the thrombospondin-related anonymous protein (trap) family are believed to play essential roles during gliding motility and host cell invasion by apicomplexan parasites, and currently represent major vaccine candidates against plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of malaria. however, recent evidence suggests that they play multiple and different roles than previously assumed. here, we analyse a null mutant for mic2, the trap homolog in toxoplasma gondii. ... | 2017 | 28630943 |
| infectious disease surveillance in the woylie (bettongia penicillata). | wild populations of the critically endangered woylie (bettongia penicillata) recently declined by 90% in southwest western australia. increased predation is the leading hypothesis for decline, but disease may be playing a role increasing susceptibility to predation. to explore this possibility, we surveyed woylie populations in the wild, in captivity and in a predator-free sanctuary for exposure to, and infection with, four known pathogens of macropods: herpesviruses, wallal and warrego orbiviru ... | 2017 | 28634781 |
| serology and protein electrophoresis for evidence of exposure to 12 mink pathogens in free-ranging american mink (neovison vison) in argentina. | basic pathologic characteristics for farmed minks were previously reported worldwide. however, its status in the wild has not been studied in detail. | 2017 | 28635524 |
| first report of typical brazilian toxoplasma gondii genotypes from isolates of free-range chickens (gallus gallus domesticus) circulating in the state of paraíba, northeast brazil. | this study evaluated, for the first time, the genetic diversity of toxoplasma gondii isolates from free-range chickens from the state of paraíba, northeast brazil. tissue samples from 33 chickens from properties in five municipalities of paraíba (esperança, olho d'água, malta, monteiro, and patos) were bioassayed in mice. the brains of mice infected with t. gondii cysts were used for dna extraction and genotyping. genotyping was performed using 11 pcr-rflp markers and 15 microsatellite (ms) mark ... | 2017 | 28638980 |
| survival of an aids patient after infection with acanthamoeba sp. of the central nervous system. | a 38-year-old man presented with headaches and generalized weakness. he was found to have aids; a ring-enhancing central nervous system lesion was found on brain imaging and he had elevated serum toxoplasma gondii igg levels. a diagnosis of presumptive toxoplasma encephalitis was made and he received antiretrovirals and antitoxoplasma therapy for 4 years. intermittent headaches and evidence of disease progression on neuroimaging warranted further evaluation and cerebrospinal fluid analysis revea ... | 2017 | 28639141 |
| is toxoplasma gondii infection protective against multiple sclerosis risk? | parasitic infections may play a protective role in neurodegenative diseases. objectıve: to determine the association between toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) infection and multiple sclerosis (ms). | 2017 | 28641775 |
| strain- and dose-dependent reduction of toxoplasma gondii burden in pigs is associated with interferon-gamma production by cd8(+) lymphocytes in a heterologous challenge model. | toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide prevalent parasite of humans and animals. the global infection burden exceeds yearly one million disability-adjusted life years (daly's) in infected individuals. therefore, effective preventive measures should be taken to decrease the risk of infection in humans. although human toxoplasmosis is predominantly foodborne by ingestion of tissue cysts in meat from domestic animals such as pigs, the incidence risk is difficult to estimate due to the lack of screening o ... | 2017 | 28642841 |
| proteomic profiling of extracellular vesicles secreted from toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasma gondii infects a wide range of hosts worldwide, including humans and domesticated animals causing toxoplasmosis disease. recently, exosomes, small extracellular vesicles (ev) that contain nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids derived from their original cells were linked with disease protection. the effect of evs derived from t. gondii on the immune response and its relevance in a physiological context is unknown. here we disclose the first proteomic profiling of t. gondii evs compared ... | 2017 | 28643940 |
| immunization of c57bl/6 mice with gra2 combined with mpl conferred partial immune protection against toxoplasma gondii | we have previously reported that immunization with gra2 antigen of toxoplasma gondii induces protective immunity in cba/j (h2k) and balb/c mice (h2d). we aimed to examine whether immunization of a distinct strain of rodent with recombinant dense granule antigens (gra2) combined with monophosphorryl lipid a (mpl) adjuvant elicits protective immune response against t. gondii. | 2017 | 28646827 |
| detection and prevalence of protozoan parasites in ready-to-eat packaged salads on sale in italy. | to investigate the prevalence of protozoan contamination by giardia duodenalis, cryptosporidium spp., toxoplasma gondii and cyclospora cayetanensis, in 'ready to eat' (rte) salads on sale in italy, 648 packages were purchased from industrial and local brands. nine individual packages from each brand were collected per month, pooled and subjected to microscopy and molecular analyses. microscopic examination of 864 slides detected cryptosporidium spp. but also blastocystis hominis and dientamoeba ... | 2017 | 28648295 |
| point-of-care testing for toxoplasma gondii igg/igm using toxoplasma ict igg-igm test with sera from the united states and implications for developing countries. | congenital toxoplasmosis is a serious but preventable and treatable disease. gestational screening facilitates early detection and treatment of primary acquisition. thus, fetal infection can be promptly diagnosed and treated and outcomes can be improved. | 2017 | 28650970 |
| characterization of the activities of dinuclear thiolato-bridged arene ruthenium complexes against toxoplasma gondii. | the in vitro effects of 18 dinuclear thiolato-bridged arene ruthenium complexes (1 monohiolato compound, 4 dithiolato compounds, and 13 trithiolato compounds), originally designed as anticancer agents, on the apicomplexan parasite toxoplasma gondii grown in human foreskin fibroblast (hff) host cells were studied. some trithiolato compounds exhibited antiparasitic efficacy at concentrations of 250 nm and below. among those, complex 1 and complex 2 inhibited t. gondii proliferation with 50% inhibi ... | 2017 | 28652238 |
| east-west divide: temperature and land cover drive spatial variation of toxoplasma gondii infection in eurasian otters (lutra lutra) from england and wales. | toxoplasma gondii, a zoonotic parasite of global importance, infects all endothermic vertebrates, with extensive health implications. the prevalence of this parasite is seldom monitored in wildlife. here, a semi-aquatic species, the eurasian otter (lutra lutra) was used as a model to assess the potential effect of climate, land cover and biotic factors on t. gondii seroprevalence in british wildlife. the sabin-feldman cytoplasm-modifying dye test identified t. gondii antibodies in 25·5% of blood ... | 2017 | 28653587 |
| mechanism of dexamethasone in the context of toxoplasma gondii infection. | toxoplasmosis is a serious zoonoses disease and opportunistic, and can be life-threatening. dexamethasone (dex) is widely used in the clinic for treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. however, long-term use of dex is often easy to lead to acute toxoplasmosis in patients, and the potential molecular mechanism is still not very clear. the aims of this study were to investigate the effect of dex on proliferation of toxoplasma and its molecular mechanisms, and to establish the correspond ... | 2017 | 28653591 |
| a plastid protein that evolved from ubiquitin and is required for apicoplast protein import in toxoplasma gondii. | apicomplexan parasites cause a variety of important infectious diseases, including malaria, toxoplasma encephalitis, and severe diarrhea due to cryptosporidium most apicomplexans depend on an organelle called the apicoplast which is derived from a red algal endosymbiont. the apicoplast is essential for the parasite as the compartment of fatty acid, heme, and isoprenoid biosynthesis. the majority of the approximate 500 apicoplast proteins are nucleus encoded and have to be imported across the fou ... | 2017 | 28655825 |
| risk factors associated with toxoplasma gondii infection in free-range chickens in the semiarid region of brazil. | this study aimed to investigate the frequency of anti-toxoplasma gondii antibodies in serum from 629 chickens on 39 family farms in seven municipalities in the semiarid region, pernambuco, brazil, and to identify risk factors associated with t. gondii infection. the risk factors were studied in 421 samples from 29 farms. anti-t. gondii antibodies were investigated by indirect fluorescent antibody test with a 1:16 cutoff. the frequency of positive chickens was 27.9% (176/629) and 94.8% of the far ... | 2017 | 28658418 |
| a retrospective survey into the presence of plasmodium spp. and toxoplasma gondii in archived tissue samples from new zealand raptors: new zealand falcons (falco novaeseelandiae), australasian harriers (circus approximans) and moreporks (ninox novaeseelandiae). | human colonisation of new zealand has resulted in the introduction of emerging diseases, such as avian malaria and toxoplasmosis, which arrived with their exotic avian and mammalian hosts. plasmodium spp. and toxoplasma gondii have a wide host range, and several species of endemic new zealand birds have developed a fatal disease following infection with either pathogen. however, no reports of either toxoplasmosis or avian malaria in new zealand raptors, namely, the new zealand falcons (falco nov ... | 2017 | 28660290 |
| the moving junction protein ron4, although not critical, facilitates host cell invasion and stabilizes mj members. | toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite of phylum apicomplexa. to facilitate high-efficiency invasion of host cells, t. gondii secretes various proteins related to the moving junction (mj) complex from rhoptries and micronemes into the interface between the parasite and host. ama1/ron2/4/5/8 is an important mj complex, but its mechanism of assembly remains unclear. in this study, we used the crispr-cas9 system to generate a derivative of t. gondii strain rh with a null mutation i ... | 2017 | 28662729 |
| cerebral toxoplasmosis after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic infection caused by the parasite toxoplasma gondii. the infection is severe and difficult to diagnose in patients receiving allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). it frequently involves the central nervous system. the case is presented of cerebral toxoplasmosis in a 17-year-old youth with fanconi anaemia treated with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). | 2017 | 28664700 |
| the toxoplasma gondii inhibitor-2 regulates protein phosphatase 1 activity through multiple motifs. | toxoplasma gondii has a complex life cycle characterized by multiple differentiation steps that are essential for its survival in both human and definitive feline host. several studies have demonstrated the importance of phosphorylations by protein kinases during the life cycle of t. gondii. however, very little is known about protein phosphatases and their regulators in the parasite. we report the molecular and functional characterization of the t. gondii ortholog of the inhibitor-2 protein, de ... | 2017 | 28667522 |
| toxoplasma genotyping in congenital toxoplasmosis in upper egypt: evidence of type i strain. | toxoplasma gondii has subpopulation structures in different geographical regions caused by less frequent sexual recombination, population sweeps, and biogeography. the majority of strains isolated in north america and europe fall into one of three clonal lineages, referred to as types i, ii, and iii. so far, little is known about genetics of toxoplasma strains in africa. the present study aimed to determine the genotype of toxoplasma strains obtained directly from trophoblastic/placental tissues ... | 2017 | 28668985 |
| role of nets in the difference in host susceptibility to toxoplasma gondii between sheep and cattle. | the main aim of this study was to compare extracellular traps (nets) formation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) of cattle and sheep when exposed to t. gondii tachyzoites in vitro. the effects of parasite concentrations and different incubation periods on nets development in cattle and sheep pmns were studied. the effect of net structures on host cell invasion by tachyzoites was also studied. this is the first report of nets development by sheep and cattle pmns against t. gondii in vitro. ... | 2017 | 28669381 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii igg and igm and associated risk factors among hiv-positive and hiv-negative patients in vhembe district of south africa. | toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite that has arisen as an important opportunistic infection that causes morbidity and mortality especially in hiv positive patients. this study was carried out to determine the sero-prevalence of t. gondii (igg and igm) and the associated risk factors among hiv positive and negative patients in northern south africa. | 2017 | 28670634 |
| serological survey of toxoplasmosis, neosporosis and brucellosis among cattle herds in oyo state, south-western nigeria. | several zoonotic diseases are known to constitute great impediment to livestock management and production worldwide, especially in developing countries where control measures are largely non-existent. this study sets out to investigate the occurrence of toxoplasmosis, neosporosis and brucellosis among cattle herds in oyo state, southwest nigeria. | 2017 | 28670646 |
| qtl mapping and crispr/cas9 editing to identify a drug resistance gene in toxoplasma gondii. | scientific knowledge is intrinsically linked to available technologies and methods. this article will present two methods that allowed for the identification and verification of a drug resistance gene in the apicomplexan parasite toxoplasma gondii, the method of quantitative trait locus (qtl) mapping using a whole genome sequence (wgs) -based genetic map and the method of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr)/cas9 -based gene editing. the approach of qtl mapping allo ... | 2017 | 28671645 |
| checkpoints of apicomplexan cell division identified in toxoplasma gondii. | the unusual cell cycles of apicomplexa parasites are remarkably flexible with the ability to complete cytokinesis and karyokinesis coordinately or postpone cytokinesis for several rounds of chromosome replication, and are well recognized. despite this surprising biology, the molecular machinery required to achieve this flexibility is largely unknown. in this study, we provide comprehensive experimental evidence that apicomplexan parasites utilize multiple cdk-related kinases (crks) to coordinate ... | 2017 | 28671988 |
| report of an unsual case of anophthalmia and craniofacial cleft in a newborn with toxoplasma gondii congenital infection. | we present one unusual case of anophthalmia and craniofacial cleft, probably due to congenital toxoplasmosis only. | 2017 | 28673238 |
| serological survey of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii in cattle (bos indicus) and water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in ten provinces of brazil. | the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii among 500 cattle (bos indicus) and 500 buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) technique. blood samples from were collected from water buffalo and cattle in 10 municipalities in the northern region of brazil. the frequency of cattle and water buffaloes seropositive for neospora caninum in pará state, brazil, was 55% and 44%, respectively, and ... | 2017 | 28673459 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus and cytomegalovirus among pregnant women and the importance of avidity assays. | to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii), rubella virus, and cytomegalovirus (cmv) among pregnant women in izmir, turkey. | 2017 | 28674718 |
| seroepidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with liver disease in eastern china. | the role of the protozoan parasite toxoplasma gondii in the pathogenesis of liver disease has recently gained much interest. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with t. gondii infection in patients with liver disease from three cities in shandong and henan provinces, china. a case-control study was conducted from december 2014 to november 2015 and included 1142 patients with liver disease and 1142 healthy controls. serum samples were collected from a ... | 2017 | 28677516 |
| behavior of neutrophil granulocytes during toxoplasma gondii infection in the central nervous system. | cerebral toxoplasmosis is characterized by activation of brain resident cells and recruitment of specific immune cell subsets from the periphery to the central nervous system (cns). our studies revealed that the rapidly invaded ly6g(+) neutrophil granulocytes are an early non-lymphoid source of interferon-gamma (ifn-γ), the cytokine known to be the major mediator of host resistance to toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii). upon selective depletion of ly6g(+) neutrophils, we detected reduced ifn-γ produc ... | 2017 | 28680853 |
| structuraland antigenic analysis of a new rhoptry pseudokinase gene (rop54) in toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasma gondii is defined as an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite and influences approximatelyone-third of the human all over the world. rop54 protein is expressed in the rhoptry of toxoplasma gondii. in the present study, we used smart software to analyzethe secondary structure of rop54. the 3d model of rop54 protein was constructed and analyzed using swiss-model server and vmd software. the structure results fully showed that rop54 proteinis an importantmember from the rop family ... | 2017 | 28682759 |
| epidemiology of toxoplasma gondii infection in native tibetans in tibet, china. | toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) is one of the most common and widespread protozoan parasite which caused toxoplasma infection in animals and humans. toxoplasma infection in healthy people is usually asymptomatic and it can lead to serious pathological effects in congenital cases and immunodeficient patients. the aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence of t. gondii infection in native tibetans in tibet as scarce information is available on such a high plateau. a total of 600 blood samples ... | 2017 | 28682769 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of neospora spp. and toxoplasma gondii infections among horses and donkeys in nigeria, west africa. | neospora spp. and toxoplasma gondii are considered to be a globally distributed parasites affecting wide range of warm-blooded animals. neosporosis has caused clinical illness in horses and consumption of horse meat has been epidemiologically linked to clinical toxoplasmosis in humans. this study was conducted to determine neospora spp. and t. gondii antibodies and risk factors of infection in horses and donkeys from three states of nigeria. a total of 144 samples were collected from clinically ... | 2017 | 28682771 |
| development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification with plasmodium falciparum unique genes for molecular diagnosis of human malaria. | in order to achieve better outcomes for treatment and in the prophylaxis of malaria, it is imperative to develop a sensitive, specific, and accurate assay for early diagnosis of plasmodium falciparum infection, which is the major cause of malaria. in this study, we aimed to develop a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay with p. falciparum unique genes for sensitive, specific, and accurate detection of p. falciparum infection. the unique genes of p. falciparum were randomly selecte ... | 2017 | 28683669 |
| first toxoplasma gondii isolate from an aborted foetus of european bison (bison bonasus bonasus l.). | the study was performed on a male european bison (bison bonasus bonasus l.) foetus spontaneously aborted at the fourth or fifth month of pregnancy in the białowieża forest. serum samples from the foetus and mother revealed the presence of antibodies against t. gondii (s/p% = 88% and 75%, respectively). mobile extracellular tachyzoites were first observed in a vero cell culture, 110 days following inoculation of brain homogenate. pcr amplification with tgr1e1 and tgr1e2 primers confirmed the pres ... | 2017 | 28685180 |
| antibodies to various zoonotic pathogens detected in feral swine (sus scrofa) at abattoirs in texas, usa. | the zoonotic risk posed to employees by slaughtering feral swine (sus scrofa) at two abattoirs in texas was assessed by testing feral swine serum samples for exposure to influenza a virus, leptospira, trichinella spiralis, and toxoplasma gondii. blood was collected from a total of 376 feral swine between the two facilities during six separate collection periods in 2015. antibodies to one or more serovars of leptospira were identified in 48.9% of feral swine tested, with bratislava and pomona as ... | 2017 | 28686494 |
| actin nanobodies uncover the mystery of actin filament dynamics in toxoplasma gondii. | while the intracellular parasite toxoplasma relies on a divergent actomyosin motor to support unique speeds in directional movement, the dynamics and architecture of parasite actin filaments remain a much-discussed issue. using actin chromobodies, periz et al. started to unveil how networks of dynamic f-actin connect toxoplasma progeny and expand in the replicative vacuole. | 2017 | 28687476 |
| thioredoxin reductase from toxoplasma gondii: an essential virulence effector with antioxidant function. | thioredoxin reductase (tr) can help pathogens resist oxidative-burst injury from host immune cells by maintaining a thioredoxin-reduction state during nadph consumption. tr is a necessary virulence factor that enables the persistent infection of some parasites. we performed bioinformatics analyses and biochemical assays to characterize the activity, subcellular localization, and genetic ablation of toxoplasma gondii tr (tgtr), to shed light on its biologic function. we expressed the tgtr protein ... | 2017 | 28687608 |
| toxoplasmosis accelerates acquisition of epilepsy in rats undergoing chemical kindling. | epilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders worldwide with no distinguishable cause in 60% of patients. one-third of the world population has been infected with toxoplasma gondii. this intracellular parasite has high tropism for excitable cells including neurons. we assessed impact of acute and chronic t. gondii infection on epileptogenesis in pentylenetetrazole (ptz) kindling model in male rats. t. gondii cysts were administered to rats by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. the prese ... | 2017 | 28688333 |
| sequence variation in the b1 gene among toxoplasma gondii isolates from swine and cats in italy. | the evaluation of the genetic variations of toxoplasma gondii among isolates of a wide variety of animal hosts can provide significant information for better understanding the epidemiology and population structure of the parasite in different geographical areas. the aim of this study was to provide information on t. gondii genetic diversity in host species living in central italy, which could act as a potential source of human infection. seventy-seven feline faecal samples, and 36 and 20 diaphra ... | 2017 | 28689144 |
| evaluation of serological and molecular tests used to identify toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women attended in a public health service in são paulo state, brazil. | toxoplasmosis during pregnancy can have severe consequences. the use of sensitive and specific serological and molecular methods is extremely important for the correct diagnosis of the disease. we compared the elisa and elfa serological methods, conventional pcr (cpcr), nested pcr and quantitative pcr (qpcr) in the diagnosis of toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women without clinical suspicion of toxoplasmosis (g1=94) and with clinical suspicion of toxoplasmosis (g2=53). the results were c ... | 2017 | 28689893 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii and other gastrointestinal parasites in domestic cats from households in thika region, kenya. | gastrointestinal (git) parasites of domestic cats (felis catus) not only cause morbidity but are also potential zoonotic agents. the current study aimed at establishing the prevalence of git parasites in cats kept by households in thika region, kenya. fecal samples were collected randomly from 103 cats and analyzed for presence of parasites using standard parasitological methods. in descending order, the prevalence of the detected protozoa parasites was isospora spp. 43.7% (95% ci: 40.4-47%), cr ... | 2017 | 28691033 |
| congenital toxoplasmosis in austria: prenatal screening for prevention is cost-saving. | primary infection of toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy can be transmitted to the unborn child and may have serious consequences, including retinochoroiditis, hydrocephaly, cerebral calcifications, encephalitis, splenomegaly, hearing loss, blindness, and death. austria, a country with moderate seroprevalence, instituted mandatory prenatal screening for toxoplasma infection to minimize the effects of congenital transmission. this work compares the societal costs of congenital toxoplasmosis under ... | 2017 | 28692640 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women from bobo dioulasso, burkina faso. | toxoplasmosis is one of the common worldwide parasitic zoonosis due to toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii). toxoplasmosis during pregnancy can result in fetal and neonatal death or various congenital defects. the aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence and risk factors of t. gondii infection in pregnant women following antenatal care (anc) services at bobo dioulasso. | 2017 | 28693432 |
| the standardization of 5 immunoassays for anti-toxoplasma immunoglobulin g(igg). | quantitative immunoassays to detect igg antibodies are the most commonly used tests for diagnosing toxoplasmosis. we investigated the current state of standardization of quantitative immunoassays used to measure anti-toxoplasma igg levels. | 2017 | 28694124 |
| a more sensitive, efficient and iso 17025 validated magnetic capture real time pcr method for the detection of archetypal toxoplasma gondii strains in meat. | toxoplasma gondii is a globally prevalent, zoonotic parasite of major importance to public health. various indirect and direct methods can be used for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis. whereas serological tests are useful to prove contact with the parasite has occurred, the actual presence of the parasite in the tissues of a seropositive animal is not demonstrated. for this, a bioassay is still the reference method. as an alternative, various pcr methods have been developed, but due to the limited ... | 2017 | 28694187 |
| experimental toxoplasmosis in japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | in this study, forming of experimental toxoplasmosis in quails; clinical, pathological, and serological determination of tissue lesions and bioassay techniques, which were aimed to compare them and determine pathogenesis. | 2017 | 28695827 |
| in vitro activity of the interaction between taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) and pyrimethamine against toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasmosis is one of the most neglected zoonotic foodborne parasitic diseases that cause public health and socioeconomic concern worldwide. the current drugs used for the treatment of toxoplasmosis have been identified to have clinical limitations. hence, new drugs are urgently needed to eradicate t.gondii infections globally. here, an in vitro anti-toxoplasma gondii activity of taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) and dihydrofolate inhibitor (pyrimethamine) alone and in combination with a fixed conc ... | 2017 | 28696589 |