Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| within- and between-pen transmission of classical swine fever virus: a new method to estimate the basic reproduction ratio from transmission experiments. | we present a method to estimate basic reproduction ratio r0 from transmission experiments. by using previously published data of experiments with classical swine fever virus more extensively, we obtained smaller confidence intervals than the martingale method used in the original papers. moreover, our method allows simultaneous estimation of a reproduction ratio within pens r0w and a modified reproduction ratio between pens r'0b. resulting estimates of r0w and r'0b for weaner pigs were 100 (95% ... | 2002 | 12002548 |
| apoptosis induced in an early step of african swine fever virus entry into vero cells does not require virus replication. | permissive vero cells develop apoptosis, as characterized by dna fragmentation, caspases activation, cytosolic release of mitochondrial cytochrome c, and flow cytometric analysis of dna content, upon infection with african swine fever virus (asfv). to determine the step in virus replication that triggers apoptosis, we used uv-inactivated virus, inhibitors of protein and nucleic acid synthesis, and lysosomotropic drugs that block virus uncoating. asfv-induced apoptosis was accompanied by caspase- ... | 2002 | 12009879 |
| identification of the principal serological immunodeterminants of african swine fever virus by screening a virus cdna library with antibody. | protective immunity to african swine fever virus (asfv) may involve a combination of both serological and cellular mechanisms. this work is focused on the identification of the possible relevant serological immunodeterminants of immunity. thus, 14 serological immunodeterminants of asfv have been characterized by exhaustive screening of a representative lambda phage cdna expression library of the tissue culture-adapted ba71v strain of asfv. the library was constructed using rna extracted from ver ... | 2002 | 12029148 |
| establishment and application of bicistronic classical swine fever virus genomes for foreign gene expression and complementation of e2 deletion mutants. | bicistronic genomes of the classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain alfort/187 (a187) were established by insertion of a second cistron consisting of an internal ribosome entry site of the encephalomyocarditis virus and a coding sequence in the 3' untranslated region of the genome. introduction of the selectable marker gene for neomycin phosphotransferase into the second cistron of the csfv replicon a187 delta e2-cat allowed the establishment of porcine sk-6 cell lines constitutively expressing ... | 2002 | 12034484 |
| [procoagulant activity of blood cells in pestivirus infection]. | an increased level of procoagulant activity (pca) in leukocytes of pigs with acute classical swine fever (csf) was observed on day 4 postinfection; pca level normalized during the moribund state. csf vaccine strain either did not induce an increase of pca level or induced an increase that persisted for at least 11 days. time course of pca changes in the leukocytes from sheep infected with borderline sheep disease was similar to the time course of pca in acute csf. in vitro each of the pestivirus ... | 2002 | 12046460 |
| oral immunisation of wild boar against classical swine fever: concluding analysis of the recent field trials in germany. | the recent oral immunisation trials in wild boar against classical swine fever (csf) in germany are described and evaluated in summary. after the first field study in lower saxony from 1993-1995 further immunisation trials started in mecklenburg-western pomerania, brandenburg, lower saxony, baden-württemberg and saxony-anhalt. the immunisation strategies and the size of the vaccination zones were different in the individual federal states. in principle, the bait vaccine based on the csf virus st ... | 2002 | 12058591 |
| t-helper cells from naive to committed. | t-helper cells play a central role in the onset and regulation of the antigen-specific immune response. in swine, two subpopulations of cd4 positive t-helper cells could be defined in extra-thymic compartments. both differ in the surface antigen expression of distinct antigens. besides the cd4(+)cd8(-) t-helper cell subpopulation representing the phenotype of t-helper cells known from other species, in swine cd4(+) t-helper cells exist showing expression of cd8alpha and mhcii molecules.in primar ... | 2002 | 12072228 |
| leukopenia and thrombocytopenia in pigs after infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus-2 (bvdv-2). | the aim of this study was to investigate whether bovine viral diarrhoea virus-2 (bvdv-2) is pathogenic for pigs, which organs become infected and whether or to which extent the virus is excreted into the environment. ten pigs were observed for clinical reactions after infection with a bvdv-2 strain, that has been shown to be pathogenic in calves under experimental conditions. samples were taken to monitor thrombocyte and leukocyte counts as well as antibody development. post mortem examinations ... | 2002 | 12073495 |
| cloning and regulation of the promoter of pseudorabies virus (tnl strain) glycoprotein e gene. | the nucleotide sequence upstream to the glycoprotein e (ge) gene of pseudorabies virus (prv, tnl strain) was cloned from the genomic virus dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and its dna sequences were determined. the dna segment, which was supposed to contain the ge promoter, was subcloned into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) reporter gene and the resulting plasmid was named pgep-b-cat. to examine the promoter function of this upstream sequence of ge gene, we transfected pgep-b-cat ... | 2002 | 12086144 |
| continuous porcine cell lines developed from alveolar macrophages: partial characterization and virus susceptibility. | porcine monomyeloid cell lines were established following transfection of primary porcine alveolar macrophage cultures with plasmid psv3neo, carrying genes for neomycin resistance and sv40 large t antigen. the parental clone 3d4 exhibited a relatively rapid doubling time (25.5 h), high plating efficiency and mixed phenotype with respect to growth on a solid support. single cell cloning of the 3d4 parent resulted in establishment of several cell lines; three of them designated 3d4/2, 3d4/21 and 3 ... | 2002 | 12088830 |
| early platelet aggregation as a cause of thrombocytopenia in classical swine fever. | twenty pigs were inoculated with a virulent classical swine fever virus isolate to determine the mechanism responsible for thrombocytopenia using histopathologic, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical (detection of viral antigens gp55 and fviii-rag) techniques. in animals euthanatized at 2, 4, and 6 days postinoculation (dpi), clusters of granular material staining positive for fviii-rag were observed in splenic cords, the marginal zone, hepatic sinusoids, and the perisinusoidal space. moreov ... | 2002 | 12102222 |
| plaque assay for african swine fever virus on swine macrophages. | a plaque assay developed to detect the infection of african swine fever virus on swine macrophages is described. plaques were generated by all of the virus isolates tested. the method is suitable not only for virus titration but also for the selection of clones in protocols for isolation/purification of recombinant viruses. | 2002 | 12111419 |
| prevalence of antibodies to classical swine fever, aujeszky's disease, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses in wild boars in croatia. | during the hunting season in february 1999, a total of 44 blood samples were collected from wild boars shot in the area of moslavacka gora. these blood samples were examined by enzyme immunoassay for the presence of antibodies to classical swine fever (csfv), aujeszky's disease (adv), bovine viral diarrhoea (bvdv), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrsv) viruses. out of 44 serum samples examined, 17 (38.63%) were positive for csfv, 24 (54.54%) were positive for adv and two (4.5 ... | 2002 | 12121047 |
| pig chromosome aberrations after vaccination against classical swine fever in field trials. | chromosomal aberrations were observed after vaccination against classical swine fever (csf) in a previous study done on experimental pigs. to determine if the same effect occurs in farm animals, field trials were done with immunized pigs. the cytogenetic analysis was made from lymphocyte cultures of pigs sampled in three farms of río cuarto region on six different periods: one, pre-vaccination (control) and in five post-vaccination (days 3, 7, 10, 15 and 22). vaccine inoculation induced signific ... | 2002 | 12126897 |
| influence of maternal antibodies on efficacy of a subunit vaccine: transmission of classical swine fever virus between pigs vaccinated at 2 weeks of age. | this study shows the effectiveness of vaccination with an e2 subunit vaccine against classical swine fever (csf) in 2-week-old piglets. half of the piglets were carrying maternally derived antibodies (mdas) at the time of vaccination. three and 6 months later, antibody levels were compared between the two treatments. moreover, reduction of virus transmission was investigated at 3 and 6 months by doing transmission experiments. the vaccine was found to be capable of reducing virus transmission si ... | 2002 | 12126914 |
| development of an internal control for the detection of the african swine fever virus by pcr. | for the detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in clinical samples, an internal control was constructed to identify false negative results in each reaction. the internal control was designed in such a way that the same primer pair was used to amplify the internal control and the target dna which were differentiated by size. the lower detection limit was reached at about 30 internal control dna copies and about 50 genomic asfv dna copies. the use of the i ... | 2002 | 12144776 |
| [study on the expression of e2 gene of classical swine fever virus in pichia pastoris and the immunological activity of its expression product]. | e2 gene of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was cloned into secretory ppic9k pichia pastoris expression vector. after being linearized by digestion, the vector was transformed into pichia pastoris by electroporation to integrate with the genome, the transformants with high copies were screened by g418 and were induced to express with methonal. the results of sds-page and western blot demonstrated that the supernatant of the induced p. pastoris culture contained protein e2. the results of the s ... | 2002 | 12148285 |
| [vaccination of weaner pigs against classical swine fever with the subunit vaccine "porcilis pesti": influence of different immunization plans on excretion and transmission of challenge virus]. | excretion and transmission of csfv after vaccination with the csf subunit marker vaccine "porcilis pesti" have been studied using the following different vaccination schedules: group a--two vaccinations with an interval of 28 d, challenge 14 d after second vaccination (p.v2.); group b--two vaccinations with an interval of 14 d, challenge 14 d later; group c--two vaccinations with an interval of 28 d, challenge at time of booster vaccination; group d--two vaccinations with an interval of 14 d, ch ... | 2002 | 12174723 |
| arrest of metaphyseal ossification in pigs with experimental classical swine fever. | 2002 | 12180661 | |
| contaminants in feed for food-producing animals. | outbreaks of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) and food borne microbial infections, dioxin contaminated animal products, the presence of veterinary drug residues, microbial resistance to antibiotics, mycotoxins, agricultural and industrial chemicals, etc. are serious concerns for the food industry in many countries. since the direct links between feed safety and safety of foods of animal origin are obvious, feed production and manufacture should be considered as an integral part of the food ... | 2002 | 12189948 |
| [association between ns5a gene sequence and response to interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis c patients in shanghai]. | to elucidate relationship between amino acid sequence of non-structural protein 5a (ns5a) and outcome of hcv (1 b) patients after interferon (ifna) therapy. | 2002 | 12196819 |
| structure-based combinatorial protein engineering (scope). | presented here is the development a semi-rational protein engineering approach that uses information from protein structure coupled with established dna manipulation techniques to design and create multiple crossover libraries from non-homologous genes. the utility of structure-based combinatorial protein engineering (scope) was demonstrated by its application to two distantly related members of the x-family of dna polymerases: rat dna polymerase beta (pol beta) and african swine fever virus dna ... | 2002 | 12206782 |
| the african swine fever virus protein j4r binds to the alpha chain of nascent polypeptide-associated complex. | the african swine fever virus (asfv) j4r protein is expressed late during the virus replication cycle and is present in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm of infected cells. by using the yeast two-hybrid system, direct binding, and coprecipitation from cells, we showed that the j4r protein binds to the alpha chain of nascent polypeptide-associated complex (alpha nac). confocal microscopy indicated that a proportion of j4r and alpha nac interact in areas close to the plasma membrane, as well as t ... | 2002 | 12208975 |
| classical swine fever virus ns5b-gfp fusion protein possesses an rna-dependent rna polymerase activity. | rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) is the replicase of positive-strand rna viruses. expression and characterization of the replicase are the first steps in the elucidation of the virus replication mechanism. we expressed nonstructural protein 5b (ns5b) of classical swine fever virus (csfv) as a fusion protein with green fluorescent protein (gfp) in porcine kidney cells (pk-15 cells), natural host cells of csfv. the expressed csfv ns5b-gfp fusion protein possessed rdrp activity. by fluorescence ... | 2002 | 12209316 |
| a new method based on entropy theory for genomic sequence analysis. | we have refined entropy theory to explore the meaning of the increasing sequence data on nucleic acids and proteins more conveniently. the concept of selection constraint was not introduced, only the analyzed sequences themselves were considered. the refined theory serves as a basis for deriving a method to analyze non-coding regions (ncrs) as well as coding regions. positions with maximal entropy might play the most important role in genome functions as opposed to positions with minimal entropy ... | 2002 | 12211329 |
| antibodies to selected viral and bacterial pathogens in european wild boars from southcentral spain. | serum samples from 78 european wild boars (sus scrofa) harvested during the 1999-2000 hunting season were tested for antibodies to brucella spp., classical swine fever virus, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, haemophilus parasuis, leptospira interrogans serovar pomona, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, salmonella serogroups b, c, and d, streptococcus suis, and swine influenza virus (siv) serotypes h1n1 a ... | 2002 | 12238391 |
| a structural model of pestivirus e(rns) based on disulfide bond connectivity and homology modeling reveals an extremely rare vicinal disulfide. | e(rns) is a pestivirus envelope glycoprotein and is the only known viral surface protein with rnase activity. e(rns) is a disulfide-linked homodimer of 100 kda; it is found on the surface of pestivirus-infected cells and is secreted into the medium. in this study, the disulfide arrangement of the nine cysteines present in the mature dimer was established by analysis of the proteolytically cleaved protein. fragments were obtained after digestion with multiple proteolytic enzymes and subsequently ... | 2002 | 12239315 |
| synthetic peptide-based immunoassay as a supplemental test for hcv infection. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a single strand rna hepatotrophic virus infecting 170 millions around the world and 20% of egyptian blood donors. although there has been significant improvement in the enzyme immunoassays (eias) in population screening of hcv infection, the development of a low variability, easy to automate and inexpensive supplemental test to support the current immunoassays was of a major concern to several laboratories. | 2002 | 12367764 |
| recombinant hepatitis c virus-like particles expressed by baculovirus: utility in cell-binding and antibody detection assays. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is difficult to study due to the lack of an efficient cell culture system or small animal model. as a result, hcv-cell interactions are not well-defined. in addition, several studies have identified a subset of patients in whom hcv rna is present, but hcv antibody is not detected. we produced recombinant baculoviruses that expressed hcv structural proteins (core, e1 and e2, nt 342-2651) or control proteins. the hcv structural protein precursor was processed into immunorea ... | 2002 | 12376962 |
| localization of classical swine fever virus in male gonads during subclinical infection. | in an experiment using ten boars, the distribution of classical swine fever virus (csfv) was determined in the male reproductive tract by in situ hybridization over a period of 120 days after intranasal inoculation. csfv was detected in the testicular tissue of infected boars. viral nucleic acid was localized to spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids but was not detected in the epithelia of the prostate, epididymis or bulbourethral gland. sections from control, csfv-negative, pigs showed no ... | 2002 | 12388807 |
| a phylogenetic-tree analysis elucidating nosocomial transmission of hepatitis c virus in a haemodialysis unit. | nosocomial transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) subtype 1b involving 11 haemodialysis patients occurred in a haemodialysis unit in japan in march 2000. sequencing of the hcv-e1 region (411-bp) and phylogenetic-tree analysis showed near identity between hcv isolates derived from these patients and a haemodialysis patient who was known to be hcv-positive. the mode of transmission could not be conclusively established, but retrospective analysis suggested that the sharing of contaminated multido ... | 2002 | 12431208 |
| african swine fever virus polyproteins pp220 and pp62 assemble into the core shell. | african swine fever virus (asfv), a complex enveloped dna virus, expresses two polyprotein precursors, pp220 and pp62, which after proteolytic processing give rise to several major components of the virus particle. we have analyzed the structural role of polyprotein pp62, the precursor form of mature products p35 and p15, in virus morphogenesis. densitometric analysis of one- and two-dimensional gels of purified virions showed that proteins p35 and p15, as well as the pp220-derived products, are ... | 2002 | 12438573 |
| apoptosis of thymocytes related to cytokine expression in experimental classical swine fever. | atrophy of the thymic cortex and loss of thymocytes were studied in 32 pigs inoculated with the virulent strain "alfort" of classical swine fever (csf) virus and killed at intervals from 2 to 15 days after infection. immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, elisa and tunel methods were used. the results suggested that direct action of csf virus on thymocytes played no more than a minor role. the massive lymphoid depletion observed in the thymus, may, however, have been associated with the numerical ... | 2002 | 12443731 |
| development of a taqman pcr assay with internal amplification control for the detection of african swine fever virus. | a closed-tube polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed to allow the rapid detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna. this assay targets the vp72 gene of asfv and uses the 5'-nuclease assay (taqman) system to detect pcr amplicons, avoiding tube opening and potential cross-contamination of post-pcr products. an artificial mimic was engineered with the taqman probe site replaced by a larger irrelevant dna fragment allowing discrimination from asfv by using two-colour taqman probe repor ... | 2003 | 12445938 |
| simulated effect of pig-population density on epidemic size and choice of control strategy for classical swine fever epidemics in the netherlands. | we examined the importance of pig-population density in the area of an outbreak of classical swine fever (csf) for the spread of the infection and the choice of control measures. a spatial, stochastic, dynamic epidemiological simulation model linked to a sector-level market-and-trade model for the netherlands were used. outbreaks in sparsely and densely populated areas were compared under four different control strategies and with two alternative trade assumptions. the obligatory control strateg ... | 2002 | 12450686 |
| candidate peptide vaccine induced protection against classical swine fever virus. | former investigations demonstrated that the envelope glycoprotein e2 could protect pigs from classical swine fever virus (csfv). based on these findings, we prepared synthetic peptide vaccine using e2 n-terminal antigenic units b/c and hoped to induce protective activity against lethal challenge of virulent csfv strain shimen. five overlapped peptides sequence-covering amino acids 693-777 on e2 of shimen were synthesized and then conjugated with bovine serum albumin (bsa), respectively. in the v ... | 2002 | 12450690 |
| the influence of maternal immunity on the efficacy of a classical swine fever vaccine against classical swine fever virus, genogroup 2.2, infection. | in thailand, where vaccination is routinely employed, there has been an increased incidence of chronic classical swine fever (csf) outbreaks during the past decade. the major causative virus has been identified to be the moderate virulence, classical swine fever virus (csfv) of the genogroup 2.2. an investigation was made into the efficacy of a csf vaccine against this genogroup 2.2 challenge. five-week-old pigs, grouped by their level of passive antibody titer were immunized with lapinized chin ... | 2003 | 12488082 |
| an experimental infection to investigate the indirect transmission of classical swine fever virus by excretions of infected pigs. | in this experiment transmission of classical swine fever (csf) virus via excretions of infected pigs was investigated under experimental conditions. five pairs of pigs were experimentally infected with csf virus. eight days after experimental infection, when all pigs were viraemic for at least 3 days, the pens were depopulated and 20 h later, restocked with five pairs of susceptible pigs which stayed in these pens for 35 days. during the first 3 weeks of the experiment, the pens were neither cle ... | 2002 | 12489714 |
| epidemiology of the 2000 csf outbreak in east anglia: preliminary findings. | 2001 | 12503600 | |
| establishment and characterization of two new pig cell lines for use in virological diagnostic laboratories. | two pig cell lines derived from kidney and trachea tissues and referred to as newborn swine kidney (nsk) and newborn pig trachea (nptr) were established following serial culture of primary cells. they were characterized by an epithelial-like morphology, high capacity to replicate and stability of the cell monolayer for several days after seeding. their modal chromosome number was modified in comparison to that of primary swine cells and they both displayed a transforming potential in vitro and d ... | 2003 | 12505635 |
| the influence of viral coding sequences on pestivirus ires activity reveals further parallels with translation initiation in prokaryotes. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a member of the pestivirus family, which shares many features in common with hepatitis c virus (hcv). it is shown here that csfv has an exceptionally efficient cis-acting internal ribosome entry segment (ires), which, like that of hcv, is strongly influenced by the sequences immediately downstream of the initiation codon, and is optimal with viral coding sequences in this position. constructs that retained 17 or more codons of viral coding sequence exhibited ... | 2002 | 12515388 |
| rapid detection of classical swine fever virus by a portable real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assay. | a fluorogenic-probe hydrolysis (taqman)-reverse transcriptase pcr assay for classical swine fever virus (csfv) was developed and evaluated in experimentally infected swine. the assay detected csfv, representing different phylogenetic groupings, but did not amplify viral rna from related pestiviruses. the assay met or exceeded the sensitivity (1 to 100 50% tissue culture infective doses per ml) of viral cultures of samples from experimentally infected animals. viral rna was detected in nasal and ... | 2003 | 12517907 |
| experimental infection with the paderborn isolate of classical swine fever virus in 10-week-old pigs: determination of viral replication kinetics by quantitative rt-pcr, virus isolation and antigen elisa. | we performed experimental infection in 10-week-old pigs with the paderborn isolate of classical swine fever virus (csfv). despite being epidemiologically linked to the major csfv outbreak in the netherlands in 1997, the in vivo replication kinetics of this isolate have to our knowledge not been described in detail previously. we found that oronasal infection with 10(4.7) tcid(50) produced mortality in three out of five pigs after 29-31 days, and severe clinical symptoms in one out of five pigs, ... | 2003 | 12523982 |
| membrane association facilitates the correct processing of pp220 during production of the major matrix proteins of african swine fever virus. | the african swine fever (asf) virus polyprotein pp220 is processed at gly-gly-x sites by a virally encoded sumo-like protease to produce matrix proteins p150, p37, p34, and p14. four gly-gly-x sites are used to produce the matrix proteins, but the polyprotein contains an additional 15 sites potentially recognized by the protease. this study shows that cleavage occurs at many, if not all, gly-gly-x sites, and at steady state, p150 and p34 are minor products of processing. significantly, only the ... | 2003 | 12525602 |
| detection of classical swine fever virus in the ovaries of experimentally infected sows. | six sows were infected intranasally with a korean isolate of classical swine fever virus (csfv). the distribution of virus in ovarian tissues was then assessed for 21 days by in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. csfv was detected in the ovaries between 7 and 21 days post-inoculation (dpi) by both methods, but the labelling was particularly intense and widespread at 7 dpi. csfv nucleic acid and antigen were located almost exclusively within the cytoplasm of cells shown by haematoxylin ... | 2003 | 12531688 |
| [cloning and sequence analysis of e0 gene of hog cholera virus lapinized chinese strain and virulent shimen strain]. | according to the published nucleotide sequences of genome of hog cholera virus, one pair of specific primers were designed and synthesized. from the spleen of rabbits which were infected with hclv and hcv shimen strain infected pig blood, the two e0 genes were amplified by rt-pcr. the amplified fragments were cloned into pgem-t vector and sequenced. sequence analysis showed nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence homologies of the e0 gene between hclv and shimen strain were 95.0% and ... | 2000 | 12548875 |
| [study on the morphological processing of classical swine fever virus in cultured cells]. | an infected mode between the thiverval strain and chinese strain of csfv and mpk cells are established. the morphological structure and processing of different strains(t strain, c strain and f strain) of csfv were studied by ultra-thin section electron microscopy. the virions of csfv are roughly round and approximately 70 nm in diameter with a 40 nm core, and are wraped by membrane. the distinctive pathway of the maturation and release of csfv are observed. virons on different deverloping state ... | 2000 | 12548986 |
| [molecular cloning and expression of e2 gene of the chinese classical swine fever virus(shimen strain) and preliminary studies of its dna vaccine]. | a 1.1 bp fragment of e2 gene of chinese classical swine fever virus(csfv) shimen strain, a standard virulent strain, was amplified by rt-pcr from total rna of cell cultures infected by csfv, and cloned into pgem t vector. the nucleotide sequence of this fragment was sequenced by sanger's method and the amino acid sequence was deduced. compared with the corresponding region of alfort, brescia and c strain of csfv, the nucleotide sequence homology is 84.7%, 92.6% and 95.2% respectively, and the am ... | 2000 | 12548987 |
| [nucleotide sequence analysis of e2 major protective antigen encoding region of 12 strains of hog cholera virus(hcv)]. | cdna fragments, of hcv envelope glycoprotein e2 major gene of 11 field strains isolated in china in different time and 1 french reference strain(thiveral) were amplified respectively with rt-pcr method and sequenced. the fragments amplified located by the 5' 2485 to 2708 of e2 major domains b and c and encoded 75 amino acid residues of e2 glycoprotein. all the products amplifield by rt-pcr from 12 strains in the study were same size of 224 bp. comparing 12 sequences with other 9 references strai ... | 2000 | 12549056 |
| [sequencing of e2 gene and comparison analysis of four strains hog cholera virus (hcv)]. | four cdna fragments of envelope glycoprotoin e2 gene of sm strain, hclv strain, f03 strain and f07 strain were amplified respectively with rt-pcr method. the amplified e2 fragments of four hcv strains were all 1273 bp in length by agarose gel electrophoresis. four e2 fragments were cloned respectively into pgem-t easy vector. 1273 bp cdna fragment of four hcv e2 gene were sequenced and 381 residues amino acid sequence of e2 glycoprotein were deduced. the signal peptide sequence (wlllvtga) locate ... | 2001 | 12549086 |
| [construction of the full-length cdna clone of chinese virulent strain--f114]. | seven subclones covered the complete genome of classical swine fever virus chinese virulent strain f114 were obtained by reverse transcription pcr. the complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of strain f114 was determined by sequencing. the cdna fragments were then assembled and inserted downstream of a t7 promoter in pbluescript ii sk+ plasmid vector to obtain the full-length cd-na clone sk-12297. homology comparison of the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of strain f114 with the known seq ... | 2001 | 12552911 |
| determination of the sequence of the complete open reading frame and the 5'ntr of the paderborn isolate of classical swine fever virus. | the classical swine fever (csf) epidemic in the netherlands in 1997-1998 lasted 14 months, during which 429 infected and 1300 at risk herds were culled, at an estimated economical cost of 2 billion us dollars. despite the overwhelming scale of the epizootic, the csf virus (csfv) strain causing the outbreak has remained largely uncharacterized. the dutch epizootic is epidemiologically linked to a small csf outbreak in 1997, in paderborn in germany. e2 and partial 5' ntr sequencing has shown that ... | 2003 | 12554101 |
| [the morphological structure of classical swine fever virus and some characteristics of its multiplication]. | some characteristics of the multiplication of classical swine fever virus(csfv) thiverval strain were studied by means of the immunofluorescence technique. under optimum culture conditions, the concentration of csfv in the culture liquid multiplicated by mpk cells is ten times higher than by pk-15 cells. the half-life period of csfv at 37 degrees c is 3 hour. the location of csfv's replication in host cells is detected by the monoclonal antibodies of the structural protein e2 and the non-structu ... | 1999 | 12555533 |
| [molecular clone and sequence analysis of cdna fragments of hog cholera virus strain c]. | the 5' nonencoding region, p23 and p14 encoding region and e1 gene of hog cholera virus (hcv) strain c were amplified from total rna extracted from hcv strain c infected rabbit spleen by reverse transcription and nested or half--nested pcr. the pcr products were cloned into pgem-t vector. nucleotide sequencing was performed using an abi prism sequencing device; based on the incorporation of fluoresect labelled dideoxynuclotide teminators. the obtained sequences on 5' noncoding region and part of ... | 1999 | 12555563 |
| pathogenicity and kinetics of virus propagation in swine infected with the cytopathogenic classical swine fever virus containing defective interfering particles. | to analyze the pathogenicity and in vivo kinetics of the cytopathogenic (cp) classical swine fever virus (csfv) wb82 strain, which is composed of cp defective interfering (di) particles and noncytopathogenic (noncp) helper virus (wb82/e(+) strain), wb82 and wb82/e(+) strains were administered separately to domestic pigs. after inoculation with either strain, all pigs showed typical symptoms of classical swine fever (csf), such as leucopenia and high fever. there were few differences in clinical ... | 2003 | 12556994 |
| evolution of hepatitis c virus in blood donors and their respective recipients. | this paper describes the study of hepatitis c virus (hcv) evolution in the largest cohort of hcv-infected blood donors (bds)/blood recipients (brs) reported to date (25 pairs). a molecular analysis of partial sequences in the e1 (envelope) and ns5-b (polymerase) genes was performed. phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the evolution of dominant strains was qualitatively and quantitatively different in bds and brs. the evolutionary rate was significantly higher in brs, in which, in addition, m ... | 2003 | 12560577 |
| upregulation of il-10 gene expression in porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | several lines of evidence suggest that porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) may have immunomodulatory effects on the host immune system. to determine the effect of prrsv on cytokine production, a multiplex pcr was established. this allowed a semi-quantitative analysis of ifn-gamma, il-2, il-4, il-10 and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) gene expression levels from porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs). these results showed that both live and ina ... | 2003 | 12560579 |
| [cloning of the major antigen region of e2 gene of hog cholera virus and expression in escherichia coli]. | the major antigen region of e2 gene of hog cholera prevalent strain (guangxi yuling strain) and chinese hog cholera lapinised virus (c-strain) derived from hog and rabbit spleen tissue, was amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(rt-pcr) and the nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr). after the amplified fragments were cloned into the expression vector pproex-htb, the recombinant plasmids pproex-gxyl and pproex-c were obtained. the insert position, the size and the reading ... | 2002 | 12561208 |
| detection of classical swine fever virus in boar semen by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | a seminested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed for the detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in semen. five boars were inoculated intranasally with csfv isolate propagated in pk15 cells. two boars inoculated with the supernatant of noninfected pk15 cells were kept as controls. semen and serum samples were collected twice weekly for 63 days postinoculation (dpi). samples were tested for the presence of antibodies to csfv by an enzyme-linked immunosor ... | 2003 | 12580293 |
| dna polymerase x of african swine fever virus: insertion fidelity on gapped dna substrates and ap lyase activity support a role in base excision repair of viral dna. | dna polymerase x (pol x) from african swine fever virus (asfv) is the smallest naturally ocurring dna-directed dna polymerase (174 amino acid residues) described so far. previous biochemical analysis has shown that asfv pol x is a highly distributive, monomeric enzyme, lacking a proofreading 3'-5' exonuclease. also, asfv pol x binds intermediates of the single-nucleotide base excision repair (ber) process, and is able to efficiently repair single-nucleotide gapped dna. in this work, we perform a ... | 2003 | 12595253 |
| inactivation of classical swine fever virus: association of hydrostatic pressure and ultraviolet irradiation. | reversible pressure-induced disassembly of several viruses has suggested the idea of using hydrostatic pressure to suppress virus infectivity. in this study, the effects of high hydrostatic pressure and ultraviolet (uv) irradiation were investigated on classical swine fever virus (csfv) in an attempt to eliminate residual infectivity. the structural modifications were followed by intrinsic fluorescence and biological activity assays. the kinetics of csfv inactivation showed that pressure-induced ... | 2003 | 12609688 |
| infectious hepatitis c virus pseudo-particles containing functional e1-e2 envelope protein complexes. | the study of hepatitis c virus (hcv), a major cause of chronic liver disease, has been hampered by the lack of a cell culture system supporting its replication. here, we have successfully generated infectious pseudo-particles that were assembled by displaying unmodified and functional hcv glycoproteins onto retroviral and lentiviral core particles. the presence of a green fluorescent protein marker gene packaged within these hcv pseudo-particles allowed reliable and fast determination of infecti ... | 2003 | 12615904 |
| animal disease eradication demands targetted resources and determination. | 2003 | 12618061 | |
| clinical signs and epidemiology of classical swine fever: a review of new knowledge. | although classical swine fever (csf) has been well known for decades and epidemics still occur, clinical diagnosis continues to cause problems for veterinary practitioners. this is due to the extensive differential diagnosis, further complicated by the emergence of new diseases such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (pdns). in addition, acute, chronic and prenatal courses of csf have to be distinguished. as a cause of consider ... | 2003 | 12618065 |
| localization of classical swine fever virus from chronically infected pigs by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. | classical swine fever (csf) virus (csfv) nucleic acid and antigen were detected in 15 pigs with naturally occurring chronic csf by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. the most consistent and prominent microscopic lesions were perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration and gliosis in the central nervous system of pigs with chronic csf. positive cells typically exhibited a dark brown (in situ hybridization) or red (immunohistochemistry) reaction product in the cytoplasm without backgro ... | 2003 | 12627722 |
| polyprotein processing protease of african swine fever virus: purification and biochemical characterization. | the purified recombinant african swine fever virus polyprotein processing protease cleaves the two gg-x sites in polyprotein pp62 with the same efficiency. cleavage at the site that is first recognized in vivo is not a requisite for cleavage at the second site, suggesting the existence of mechanisms that control the ordered processing of the polyprotein during infection. | 2003 | 12634404 |
| classical swine fever: pathology of bone marrow. | twenty pigs were inoculated with a virulent isolate (quillota strain) of classical swine fever (csf) virus to determine the chronological development of lesions in bone marrow. histopathologic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical (detection of viral antigen gp55, myeloid-histiocyte antigen, cd3 antigen, and fviii-rag), and morphometric techniques were employed. viral antigen was detected from 2 days postinfection (dpi) in stromal and haematopoitic cells, and severe atrophy related to apoptos ... | 2003 | 12637755 |
| amino acids 1-20 of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) core protein specifically inhibit hcv ires-dependent translation in hepg2 cells, and inhibit both hcv ires- and cap-dependent translation in huh7 and cv-1 cells. | a self-modulating mechanism by the hepatitis c virus (hcv) core protein has been suggested to influence the level of hcv replication, but current data on this subject are contradictory. we examined the effect of wild-type and mutated core protein on hcv ires- and cap-dependent translation. the wild-type core protein was shown to inhibit both ires- and cap-dependent translation in an in vitro system. this effect was duplicated in a dose-dependent manner with a synthetic peptide representing amino ... | 2003 | 12655082 |
| genotyping field strains of african swine fever virus by partial p72 gene characterisation. | a pcr-based sequencing method was developed which permits detection and characterization of african swine fever virus (asfv) variants within 5 and 48 h, respectively, of receipt of a clinical specimen. amplification of a 478 bp fragment corresponding to the c-terminal end of the p72 gene, confirms virus presence with genetic characterization being achieved by nucleotide sequence determination and phylogenetic analysis. the method was applied to 55 viruses including those representative of the ma ... | 2003 | 12664294 |
| [detection of antibody against hepatitis c virus first envelope (hcv-e1) protein and its clinical application]. | to study the antibody against hepatitis c virus first envelope (hcv-e1) protein in the sera from patients with hcv and to evaluate the application of hcv-e1 antigen in detection of hcv antibody. | 2002 | 12665917 |
| proteomics computational analyses suggest that hepatitis c virus e1 and pestivirus e2 envelope glycoproteins are truncated class ii fusion proteins. | class ii fusion proteins encoded by tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev), dengue virus, and semliki forest virus have a fusion peptide located at the end of a rod-like molecule comprised of three antiparallel beta sheet domains. proteomics computational analyses suggest that hepatitis c virus (hcv) envelope glycoprotein e1 and pestivirus envelope glycoprotein e2 are truncated class ii fusion proteins. similarities were also detected between the receptor-binding portion of tbev e and hcv e2, and ... | 2003 | 12667795 |
| african swine fever virus proteinase is essential for core maturation and infectivity. | african swine fever virus (asfv) encodes two polyprotein precursors named pp220 and pp62 that are sequentially processed during viral infection, giving rise to six major structural proteins. these reside at the core shell, a matrix domain located between the endoplasmic reticulum-derived inner envelope and the dna-containing nucleoid. proteolytic processing of the polyprotein precursors is catalyzed by the viral proteinase ps273r, a cysteine proteinase that shares sequence similarity with the su ... | 2003 | 12719549 |
| classical swine fever in wild boar in the lombardy region of italy from 1997 to 2002. | in 1997, outbreaks of classical swine fever occurred in wild boar and domestic pigs in the italian province of varese (lombardy region). statutory animal health measures were imposed, and a control plan aimed at preventing the virus from spreading outside the infected hunting zone of 108 km2 was implemented. however, in 1998, virologically positive wild boar were found outside this zone, including within swiss territory. the infected zone was then enlarged to include the three other hunting area ... | 2003 | 12723629 |
| a histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural study of the intestine in pigs inoculated with classical swine fever virus. | the aim of this study was to report on the lesions occurring in the intestine during experimental classical swine fever (csf) and to clarify the nature of infected cells and the distribution of viral antigen. thirty-two pigs were inoculated with the virulent csf virus (csfv) isolate alfort 187 and slaughtered from 2 to 15 postinoculation days; four animals of similar background served as a control group. immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and the transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphos ... | 2003 | 12724565 |
| viral internal ribosome entry site structures segregate into two distinct morphologies. | an increasing number of viruses have been shown to initiate protein synthesis by a cap-independent mechanism involving internal ribosome entry sites (iress). predictions of the folding patterns of these rna motifs have been based primarily on sequence and biochemical analyses. biophysical confirmation of the models has been achieved only for the ires of hepatitis c virus (hcv), which adopts an open structure consisting of two major stems. we have conducted an extensive comparison of flavivirus a ... | 2003 | 12743317 |
| detection of trna-like structure through rnase p cleavage of viral internal ribosome entry site rnas near the aug start triplet. | the 9600-base rna genome of hepatitis c virus (hcv) has an internal ribosome entry site (ires) in its first 370 bases, including the aug start triplet at bases 342-344. structural elements of this and other ires domains substitute for a 5' terminal cap structure in protein synthesis. recent work (nadal, a., martell, m., lytle, j. r., lyons, a. j., robertson, h. d., cabot, b., esteban, j. i., esteban, r., guardia, j., and gomez, j. (2002) j. biol. chem. 277, 30606-30613) has demonstrated that the ... | 2003 | 12746454 |
| african swine fever and classical swine fever: a review of the pathogenesis. | this paper describes major pathogenetic mechanisms of african and classical swine fever virus infections. the interactions between both viruses and the monocyte-macrophage-system result in the release of mediator molecules, which are important for the further progression of the diseases. the causes of the thrombocytopenia and the mechanisms of the haemorrhages, which are characteristic in both infections, are described. apoptotic cell death is regarded as the predominant cause of lymphopenia in ... | 2003 | 12756959 |
| [heterogeneity of ruminant pestiviruses: academic interest or important basis for the development of vaccines and diagnostics?]. | pestiviruses cause economically important diseases of farm animals. members of the pestiviruses are bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv). phylogenetic analyses based on the entire nucleic acid sequence encoding the npro allow a statistically significant segregation of established species and of subgroups within the species. bvdv-1 strains isolated in germany can be associated with at least five different subgroups. in c ... | 2003 | 12784555 |
| classical swine fever virus interferes with cellular antiviral defense: evidence for a novel function of n(pro). | classical swine fever virus (csfv) replicates efficiently in cell lines and monocytic cells, including macrophages (mphi), without causing a cytopathic effect or inducing interferon (ifn) secretion. in the present study, the capacity of csfv to interfere with cellular antiviral activity was investigated. when the porcine kidney cell line sk-6 was infected with csfv, there was a 100-fold increased capacity to resist to apoptosis induced by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(ic)], a synthetic d ... | 2003 | 12805464 |
| regulation of apoptosis in african swine fever virus-infected macrophages. | a number of viruses have evolved antiapoptotic mechanisms to promote infected-cell survival, either to ensure efficient productive viral replication or to promote long-term survival of virus-infected cells. recent studies identified critical african swine fever virus genes involved in the complex regulation of asfv-host interactions. here we review the present knowledge of the recently identified asfv genes with special attention to those which affect viral virulence, host range, and pathogenesi ... | 2002 | 12805900 |
| analysis of hepatitis c virus/classical swine fever virus chimeric 5'ntrs: sequences within the hepatitis c virus ires are required for viral rna replication. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is classified in the genus hepacivirus of the family flaviviridae, whose members have a single-stranded rna genome of positive polarity, which encodes a single polyprotein. within this family, hcv is closely related to viruses of the genus pestivirus, which includes classical swine fever virus (csfv). translation of the hepaci- and pestiviral polyprotein is initiated by internal entry of ribosomes, promoted by the 5'ntr. the secondary and tertiary rna structures of the hc ... | 2003 | 12810870 |
| host immune responses against hog cholera virus in pigs treated with an ionized alkali mineral complex. | to determine the immune responses in pigs to hog cholera virus after treatment with an ionized alkali mineral complex (iamc), 40 healthy pigs (28-32 days old) from a commercial swine farm were purchased and housed into 4 groups (n=10 each). all pigs were vaccinated intramuscularly (1 ml) with an attenuated live hog cholera virus (hcv, lom strain) at 28-32 days old and challenged with a virulent hog cholera virus at 8 weeks after vaccination. each group was treated with powerfeel sprayed diet as ... | 2002 | 12819381 |
| cell surface expression of functional hepatitis c virus e1 and e2 glycoproteins. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) glycoproteins e1 and e2 are believed to be retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (er) or cis-golgi compartment via retention signals located in their transmembrane domains. here we describe the detection of e1 and e2 at the surface of transiently transfected hek 293t and huh7 cells. surface-localized e1e2 heterodimers presented exclusively as non-covalently associated complexes. surface-expressed e2 contained trans-golgi modified complex/hybrid type carbohydrate and migra ... | 2003 | 12832074 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of novel pestivirus genotypes: implications for classification. | currently, the genus pestivirus comprises the four approved species bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, classical swine fever virus (csfv), and border disease virus (bdv) and one tentative fifth species represented by a single strain (h138) isolated from a giraffe in kenya more than 30 years ago. to further address the issue of heterogeneity of pestiviruses we have determined the entire n(pro) and e2 coding sequences for several new pestivirus isolates. interestingly, phylogenetic an ... | 2003 | 12832207 |
| virulence of recent and former classical swine fever virus isolates evaluated by their clinical and pathological signs. | the clinical diagnosis of classical swine fever (csf) still caused problems to the veterinarians during the last decade. the primary csf outbreak was often detected too late and, meanwhile, the virus had spread. consequently, the recent classical swine fever virus isolates (csfv) were suspected to be of low virulence. the purpose of the study was to quantify the virulence of four recent csfv by evaluating the clinical and pathological signs caused by different csfv. pigs of the same breed and ag ... | 2003 | 12864895 |
| comparison of antibody values in sera of pigs vaccinated with a subunit or an attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever. | ten pigs, aged 85 days, were vaccinated with a subunit vaccine containing 32 microg of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein e2 (gp e2) (group 1), and a further 10 pigs were vaccinated with a c strain vaccine (10(4+/-0.15) tcid50/ml), produced by amplification in minipig kidney (mpk) cell culture (group 2). nine non-vaccinated pigs served as a control group (group 3). serum samples were collected before (day 0) and at 4, 10, 21 and 28 days after vaccination and were analysed by two commercial ... | 2003 | 12872833 |
| glomerulonephritis associated with classical swine fever virus in pigs. | 2003 | 12877214 | |
| mapping of a conformational epitope shared between e1 and e2 on the serum-derived human hepatitis c virus envelope. | monoclonal antibody d32.10 produced by immunizing mice with a hepatitis c virus (hcv)-enriched pellet obtained from plasmapheresis of a chronically hcv1b-infected patient binds hcv particles derived from serum of different hcv1a- and hcv1b-infected patients. moreover, this monoclonal has been shown to recognize both hcv envelope proteins e1 and e2. in an attempt to provide novel insight into the membrane topology of hcv envelope glycoproteins e1 and e2, we localized the epitope recognized by d32 ... | 2003 | 12882983 |
| risk analysis of the spread of classical swine fever virus through "neighbourhood infections" for different regions in belgium. | risk factors associated with the occurrence of "neighbourhood infections" [epidemiology of classical swine fever. in: truszczynski, m. (ed.), proceedings of the workshop on diagnostic procedures and measures to control classical swine fever in domestic pigs and the european wild boar. pulaway, poland, pp. 119-130] during classical swine fever (csf) outbreaks were examined based on information collected during a csf-epidemic, which occurred in the east flanders province of belgium in 1994. the on ... | 2003 | 12900147 |
| humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of d/d histocompatible pigs against classical swine fever (csf) virus. | a better understanding of cell-mediated immune responses to classical swine fever virus (csfv) is essential for the future development of improved vaccines. we analyzed the generation of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in d/d histocompatible pigs following csfv infection or vaccination. viral infection induced high t cell responses with high primary and secondary ctl activity correlated with high ifn-gamma production, whereas vaccination with a live vaccine followed by infection mainl ... | 2003 | 12911856 |
| characterization of rna-dependent rna polymerase activity of csfv ns5b proteins expressed in escherichia coli. | the full-length ns5b protein, and the truncated ns5b proteins of classical swine fever virus (csfv) resulted from deletion of 24, 36, 65 or 82, amino acid residues at the c terminal were expressed in escherichia coli cells and purified with a c-terminal hexahistidine tag. in addition to the full-length ns5b protein, those truncated ns5b proteins with deletion of 24, 36, or 65 amino acid residues were demonstrated to have rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) activity, which was not found in the tr ... | 2003 | 12913359 |
| proportions and phenotypic expression of peripheral blood leucocytes in pigs vaccinated with an attenuated c strain and a subunit e2 vaccine against classical swine fever. | the influence of an attenuated classical swine fever virus c strain vaccine and a subunit e2 vaccine against classical swine fever on the peripheral blood leucocyte proportion and phenotypic expression in 12-week-old pigs was studied. the c strain was amplified in minipig kidney cell culture and final product contained 10(4 +/- 0.15) tcid50/ml, while the subunit vaccine contained 32 microg per dose of gp e2. haematological findings showed that the vaccines did not cause leucopenia or lymphocytop ... | 2003 | 12916689 |
| infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus suppresses the antibody response to classical swine fever virus vaccination. | the effects of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) infection on the antibody response to vaccination with classical swine fever (csf) vaccine in piglets were investigated. piglets were inoculated intranasally with the prrsv bj-4 strain, and then vaccinated intramuscularly with csf vaccine 2 days later. control animals were either vaccinated with csf vaccine or infected with prrsv alone. time course of the antibody response against either prrsv or csf vaccine was measured. ... | 2003 | 12935755 |
| highly sensitive pcr assay for routine diagnosis of african swine fever virus in clinical samples. | this work provides a novel, highly sensitive, hot start pcr method for rapid and specific detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) that can be used as a routine diagnostic test for asfv in surveillance, control, and eradication programs. a confirmatory test of the specificity of this method based on restriction endonuclease analysis was also developed. | 2003 | 12958285 |
| a study of an encephalitic strain of hog cholera virus. | 1952 | 12976620 | |
| [culture in large quantity in vivo of hog cholera virus on giant embryoma]. | 1953 | 13059971 | |
| effect of exposure to hog cholera virus before and after vaccination with modified live vaccine. | 1954 | 13129160 | |
| classical swine fever--an update. | classical swine fever (csf) is a serious and contagious viral disease of pigs and wild boar with a widespread worldwide distribution. the immunopathology of the disease is poorly understood, but the ability of the csf virus to infect cells without triggering apoptosis and to kill uninfected cells is probably highly significant. the virus may be spread by various direct and indirect methods, but in most cases the exact mechanisms involved in local spread between farms are not known. excellent dia ... | 2003 | 13129664 |
| variations (variants) of hog cholera virus. ii. perpetuation and attempts at enhancement of variant characteristics of hog cholera virus by means of serial passage with antiserum and without antiserum. | 1954 | 13183859 | |
| [moroccan variant of the hog cholera virus]. | 1956 | 13328205 |