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anchimerically activatable antiviral protides.this work describes the synthesis and biological evaluation of an anchimerically activated protide of 2'-c-β-methylguanosine as an inhibitor of dengue virus 2 (denv-2). the protide incorporates a chemically cleavable 2-(methylthio)ethyl moiety and a hint1 hydrolyzable tryptamine phosphoramidate. inhibition of denv-2 replication by protide 6 was 5-fold greater than the parent nucleoside while displaying no apparent cytotoxicity. furthermore, we demonstrate with a hint1 inhibitor that the anti den ...201728947944
the reintroduction of denv-2 in 2011 in panama and subsequent outbreak characteristic.the circulation of the south-east asian/american (as/am) dengue 2 virus (denv-2) genotype in the americas has been associated with a high rate of severe disease. from 1993, the year denv was reintroduced in panama, until 2011 there were 29 dengue-associated deaths, 17 of which occurred in 2011, the most severe outbreak with a case fatality rate (cfr) of 44% (17 deaths out of 38 severe dengue cases). during this outbreak denv-2 was reintroduced into the country, whereas over the prior five years ...201828986247
the african zika virus mr-766 is more virulent and causes more severe brain damage than current asian lineage and dengue virus.the zika virus (zikv) has two lineages, asian and african, and their impact on developing brains has not been compared. dengue virus (denv) is a close family member of zikv and co-circulates with zikv. here, we performed intracerebral inoculation of embryonic mouse brains with dengue virus 2 (denv2), and found that denv2 is sufficient to cause smaller brain size due to increased cell death in neural progenitor cells (npcs) and neurons. compared with the currently circulating asian lineage of zik ...201728993398
antiviral activity of n-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4-hpr) against zika virus.the rapid spread of zika virus (zikv) in recent years has highlighted the severe diseases associated with zikv infection, such as guillain-barré syndrome in adults and microcephaly in newborns; yet no vaccines or antivirals currently exist to prevent or treat zikv infection. we and others have previously identified n-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (fenretinide or 4-hpr) as an antiviral compound that inhibits dengue virus 2 (dv2) and other flaviviruses by limiting the steady-state accumulation of v ...201729051080
xbp1-mediated bip/grp78 upregulation copes with oxidative stress in mosquito cells during dengue 2 virus infection.dengue viruses (denvs) cause dengue fever which is an important mosquito-borne disease in tropical areas. generally, denv does not cause cellular damage in mosquito cells. however, alterations in cytosolic calcium ions ([ca2+]cyt) and the mitochondrial membrane potential (mmp), as well as accumulated reactive oxygen species (ros), including superoxide anions (o2∙-) and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), can be detected in c6/36 cells with denv2 infection. evident upregulation of bip/grp78 also appeared a ...201729098151
the antimicrobial peptide hs-1 inhibits dengue virus infection.dengue virus (denv) is an arbovirus that belongs to the flaviviridae family. studies reveal that peptides secreted by amphibians have many functions, such as antiviral and antimicrobial activities. as there is no antiviral drug effective against the denv, the antiviral activity of a synthetic peptide called hs-1, derived from the secretion of the anuran hypsiboas semilineatus, has been evaluated. the assays of neutralization in the vero cells show a complete inhibition of infection of the seroty ...201829153860
geraniin extracted from the rind of nephelium lappaceum binds to dengue virus type-2 envelope protein and inhibits early stage of virus replication.the rapid rise and spread in dengue cases, together with the unavailability of safe vaccines and effective antiviral drugs, warrant the need to discover and develop novel anti-dengue treatments. in this study the antiviral activity of geraniin, extracted from the rind of nephelium lappaceum, against dengue virus type-2 (denv-2) was investigated.201729162124
production of monoclonal antibody that recognizes zika virus and other flaviviruses in serum-free conditions.with the recent outbreaks of zika and dengue virus infections in various countries worldwide, production of vaccines or diagnostic kits is an urgent public health demand. production of a monoclonal antibody (mab) that specifically binds to a common antigen shared by the flavivirus genus will be necessary for new diagnostic kits or characterization and viral identity tests during vaccine development. this study aimed to cultivate, in serum-free conditions, the 4g2 hybridoma that produces an mab, ...201729211630
a flavonoid compound library screen revealed potent antiviral activity of plant-derived flavonoids on human enterovirus a71 replication.hand foot mouth disease (hfmd), resulting from human enterovirus a71 (heva71) infection can cause severe neurological complications leading to fatality in young children. currently, there is no approved antiviral for therapeutic treatment against heva71 infection. in this study, a 500-compound flavonoid library was screened to identify potential inhibitors of heva71 using high-throughput immunofluorescence-based phenotypic screening method. two lead flavonoid compounds, st077124 and st024734 at ...201729233744
temperature increase enhances aedes albopictus competence to transmit dengue virus.dengue is a mosquito-borne disease that has been an epidemic in china for many years. aedes albopictus is the dominant aedes mosquito species and the main vector of dengue in china. epidemiologically, dengue mainly occurs in guangdong province; it does not occur or rarely occurs in other areas of mainland china. this distribution may be associated with climate, mosquito density, and other factors in different regions; however, the effect of temperature on the vector competence of ae. albopictus ...201729250045
a potent neutralizing antibody with therapeutic potential against all four serotypes of dengue virus.a therapy for dengue is still elusive. we describe the neutralizing and protective capacity of a dengue serotype-cross-reactive antibody isolated from the plasmablasts of a patient. antibody sign-3c neutralized all four dengue virus serotypes at nano to picomolar concentrations and significantly decreased viremia of all serotypes in adult mice when given 2 days after infection. moreover, mice were protected from pathology and death from a lethal dengue virus-2 infection. to avoid potential fc-me ...201729263863
antiviral activity of faramea hyacinthina and faramea truncata leaves on dengue virus type-2 and their major compounds.the defatted fractions of the faramea hyacinthina and f. truncata (rubiaceae) leaf meoh extracts showed in vitro non-cytotoxic and anti-dengue virus serotype 2 (denv2) activity in human hepatocarcinoma cell lineage (hepg2). submitting these fractions to the developed rp-spe method allowed isolating the antiviral flavanone (2s)-isosakuranetin-7-o-β-d-apiofuranosyl(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) from both species and yielded less active sub-fractions. the new diasteroisomeric epimer pair 2s + 2r of ...201729278459
neutralizing antibodies against flaviviruses, babanki virus, and rift valley fever virus in ugandan bats.introduction:a number of arboviruses have previously been isolated from naturally-infected east african bats, however the role of bats in arbovirus maintenance is poorly understood. the aim of this study was to investigate the exposure history of ugandan bats to a panel of arboviruses.materials and methods:insectivorous and fruit bats were captured from multiple locations throughout uganda during 2009 and 2011-2013. all serum samples were tested for neutralizing antibodies against west nile viru ...201829511459
genotype-specific and cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies induced by dengue virus infection: detection of antibodies with different levels of neutralizing activities against homologous and heterologous genotypes of dengue virus type 2 in common marmosets (callithrix jacchus).a vaccine against all four dengue virus (denv) serotypes includes the formulation of one genotype of each serotype. although genetic similarities among genotypes within a serotype are higher as compared to those among serotypes, differences in the immunogenicity of the included genotypes would be a critical issue in maximizing successful dengue vaccine development. thus, we determined the neutralizing antibody responses against three genotypes of dengue virus serotype 2 (denv-2), namely cosmopol ...201829587780
pirna profiling of dengue virus type 2-infected asian tiger mosquito and midgut tissues.the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, is a competent vector for the majority of arboviruses. the mosquito innate immune response is a primary determinant for arthropod-borne virus transmission, and the midgut is the first barrier to pathogen transmission. mosquito antiviral immunity is primarily mediated by the small interfering rna pathway. however, the roles that the p-element induced wimpy testis (piwi)-interacting rna (pirna) pathway play in antiviral immunity in ae. albopictus and its ...201829690553
extensive genomic recoding by codon-pair deoptimization selective for mammals is a flexible tool to generate attenuated vaccine candidates for dengue virus 2.the four serotypes of dengue virus (denv) are the leading etiologic agent of disease caused by arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) in the world, with billions at risk of denv infection spread by infected mosquitoes. denv causes illness ranging from dengue fever (df) to life-threatening dengue hemorrhagic fever (dhf) and dengue shock syndrome (dss). denv proliferates well in two different host systems, an invertebrate mosquito vector and vertebrate primate host, which have a distinct difference ...201931539771
in-vitro and in silico activity of cyamopsis tetragonoloba (gaur) l. supercritical extract against the dengue-2 virus.our health and wealth are highly influenced by a number of viruses. dengue is one of them having a global influence in absence of vaccines and antiviral. who suggested that the morbidity of dengue is increasing more than 6 times from 0.5 million in 2010 to over 3.34 million in 2016, following a sharp increase in 2019. the aim of the present study is to check the in vitro and in silico anti-dengue activity of cyamopsis tetragonoloba supercritical extract in cell lines. the optimum yield of superc ...202032904730
two cases of natural infection of dengue-2 virus in bats in the colombian caribbean.dengue, a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease, is the most common vector-borne disease in tropical and subtropical areas. in this study, we aim to demonstrate biological evidence of dengue virus infection in bats. a cross-sectional study was carried out in the departments of cordoba and sucre, colombia. a total of 286 bats were captured following the ethical protocols of animal experimentation. the specimens were identified and euthanized using a pharmacological treatment with atropine, acepromazine ...202133809400
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