Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| acaricide and ovicide activities of thymol on engorged females and eggs of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the present work had the objective of evaluating the influence of different concentrations of thymol on the biological parameters of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and also its ovicide activity on eggs of this tick. in order to carry out the work, four groups were formed, each containing 20 engorged females, which were immersed for 5 min in different concentrations of thymol (1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) and a control group (water + dimethylsulfoxide). the following biological ... | 2010 | 20076973 |
| rotation of treatments between spinosad and amitraz for the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus populations with amitraz resistance. | a farmlet study was conducted over 4 years in which three treatments were applied to six groups of holstein dairy calves. calves in each group were infested with equal numbers of n-strain (susceptible) and ultimo strain (amitraz and synthetic pyrethroid resistant) tick larvae to establish self-sustaining populations with an initial, measurable level of resistance to amitraz. standard counts of all ticks between 4.5 and 8.0mm diameter on one side of each animal were made each week and treatment w ... | 2010 | 20079571 |
| development and validation of a pcr-rflp test to identify african rhipicephalus (boophilus) ticks. | the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus has recently invaded west africa and caused anxiety amongst farmers in ivory coast, as livestock production was severely affected. the introduction of this tick species has remained unnoticed for several years, as all the members of this genus are very similar in appearance. to overcome the cumbersome morphological identification of the four closely related r. (boophilus) spp. in the region, a pcr-rflp test, based on a part of the second intern ... | 2010 | 20080073 |
| therapeutic and persistent efficacy of a long-acting (la) formulation of ivermectin against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) and sera concentration through time in treated cattle. | the concentration-time profile, therapeutic, and persistent efficacy of a single subcutaneous injection of cattle with a long-acting (la) formulation of ivermectin at a concentration of 630microg/kg of body weight were determined against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. ivermectin sera concentration in treated cattle increased to 13.0ppb within 1d after treatment, and peaked at 26.2ppb at 11d post-treatment. ivermectin sera levels remained above the threshold level for control of feeding tic ... | 2010 | 20080349 |
| toxicity of geraniol solution in vitro to the poultry red mite, dermanyssus galinae. | geraniol is a bioactive component found in palmarosa essential oil which has previously demonstrated good repellence to cattle ticks, mosquitoes and sand flies. the toxicity of geraniol to dermanyssus gallinae, the most economically deleterious ectoparasite of laying hens in europe, was studied in vitro in the laboratory. exposure of d. gallinae to 0.5, 1 and 2% concentrations of geraniol (equating approximately to 0.02, 0.04 and 0.07 mg/cm2 geraniol, respectively) over a period of 24 hours resu ... | 2009 | 20092065 |
| ticks (acari: ixodoidea: argasidae, ixodidae) of china. | this paper presents results of an investigation and listing of tick species found in china during a survey in all 28 provinces. this will be a step towards a definitive list of tick species and their distribution. to date, the tick fauna of this area consists of 117 species in the following families: argasidae-argas (7 species), carios (4 species) and ornithodoros (2 species); ixodidae-amblyomma (8 species), anomalohimalaya (2 species), dermacentor (12 species), haemaphysalis (44 species), hyalo ... | 2010 | 20101443 |
| local immune response against larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus in bos taurus indicus and bos taurus taurus cattle. | bos taurus indicus cattle are less susceptible to infestation with rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus than bos taurus taurus cattle but the immunological basis of this difference is not understood. we compared the dynamics of leukocyte infiltrations (t cell subsets, b cells, major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii-expressing cells, granulocytes) in the skin near the mouthparts of larvae of r. microplus in b. t. indicus and b. t. taurus cattle. previously naïve cattle were infested with ... | 2010 | 20109460 |
| heterorhabditis amazonensis (rhabditidae: heterorhabditidae), strain rsc-5, for biological control of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different doses of heterorhabditis amazonensis rsc-5 on the biological parameters of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the female ticks, individually identified, were divided into six groups of 20 each and exposed to the following nematode concentrations: 0, 75, 150, 300, 600, and 1,200/female. the following parameters were observed: initial weight, final weight, alteration weight, egg mass weight, pre-oviposition peri ... | 2010 | 20127363 |
| characterization of ferritin 2 for the control of tick infestations. | ixodes ricinus is one the most abundant tick species in europe and these ticks transmit pathogens causing human and animal diseases. the cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) spp., affect cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. development of vaccines directed against tick proteins may reduce tick infestations and the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. however, a limiting step in tick vaccine development has been the identification of tick protective antigens. he ... | 2010 | 20171306 |
| germ band retraction as a landmark in glucose metabolism during aedes aegypti embryogenesis. | the mosquito a. aegypti is vector of dengue and other viruses. new methods of vector control are needed and can be achieved by a better understanding of the life cycle of this insect. embryogenesis is a part of a. aegypty life cycle that is poorly understood. in insects in general and in mosquitoes in particular energetic metabolism is well studied during oogenesis, when the oocyte exhibits fast growth, accumulating carbohydrates, lipids and proteins that will meet the regulatory and metabolic n ... | 2010 | 20184739 |
| using the dfci gene index databases for biological discovery. | the dfci gene index web pages provide access to analyses of ests and gene sequences for nearly 114 species, as well as a number of resources derived from these. each species-specific database is presented using a common format with a home page. a variety of methods exist that allow users to search each species-specific database. methods implemented currently include nucleotide or protein sequence queries using wu-blast, text-based searches using various sequence identifiers, searches by gene, ti ... | 0 | 20205187 |
| evaluation of the action of heterorhabditis bacteriophora (rhabditida: heterorhabditidae) isolate hp88 on the biology of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of the entomopathogenic nematode (epn) heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain hp88 on the biological parameters of the non-parasite phase of engorged females of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. six groups were formed, each containing 20 engorged females, which were exposed to the following concentrations of infective juveniles of this nematode: 0, 75, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 epns/female, respective ... | 2010 | 20227185 |
| silencing of three amblyomma americanum (l.) insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related proteins prevents ticks from feeding to repletion. | the insulin-like growth factor (igf) binding proteins (igfbp) family is the regulatory arm of the igf signaling system that control mitogenic and anabolic actions of igf peptide hormones. this study describes cloning and biological characterization of three amblyomma americanum (l.) (aam) proteins that show amino-terminal sequence and secondary structure similarity to the igfbp superfamily. the three molecules here provisionally identified as aamigfbp-rp1 and short (s) and long (l) aamigfbp-rp6 ... | 2010 | 20228352 |
| [prokaryotic expression of bm86 gene of boophilus microplus and optimization of the expression condition]. | a pair of specific primers was designed based on the reported bm86 gene of boophilus microplus,the bm86 gene was cloned by pcr using the plasmid pmd18-t-bm86 as templates, and subcloned into the prokaryotic plasmid pgex-4t-1. the recombined plasmid was transformed into e. coli bl21(de3) and followed by expression of the protein induced by different concentration of iptg for different time. sds-page showed that the recombinant plasmid pgex-4t-1/bm86 expressed a fusion protein bm86-gst (mr 94 000) ... | 2009 | 20232640 |
| inverse agonist and neutral antagonist actions of synthetic compounds at an insect 5-ht1 receptor. | 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) has been shown to control and modulate many physiological and behavioural functions in insects. in this study, we report the cloning and pharmacological properties of a 5-ht(1) receptor of an insect model for neurobiology, physiology and pharmacology. | 2010 | 20233210 |
| recent developments in the control of cattle tick and buffalo-fly. | 1947 | 20262399 | |
| differential expression of genes in salivary glands of male rhipicephalus (boophilus)microplus in response to infection with anaplasma marginale. | bovine anaplasmosis, caused by the rickettsial tick-borne pathogen anaplasma marginale (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae), is vectored by rhipicephalus (boophilus)microplus in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. a. marginale undergoes a complex developmental cycle in ticks which results in infection of salivary glands from where the pathogen is transmitted to cattle. in previous studies, we reported modification of gene expression in dermacentor variabilis and cultured ixodes scapu ... | 2010 | 20298599 |
| laboratory and field evaluation of metarhizium anisopliae (deuteromycotina: hyphomycetes) for the control of rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) in the mexican tropics. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of metarhizium anisopliae to control rhipicephalus microplus under laboratory and field conditions (larvae on vegetation) in the mexican tropics. in the laboratory study, ma34, ma14 and a mixture of ma34+ma14 strains of m. anisopliae were evaluated for their control of the adult and larval stages of r. microplus, using the adult and larval immersion test respectively. the reproductive efficiency index of engorged females was determined in t ... | 2010 | 20299149 |
| evaluation of medicinal plant extracts against blood-sucking parasites. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol dried leaf, flower, and seed extracts of cassia auriculata l., rhinacanthus nasutus kurz., solanum torvum swartz, terminalia chebula retz., and vitex negundo linn. were tested against larvae of cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus canestrini, 1887 (acari: ixodidae), adult of haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann, 1897 (acarina: ix ... | 2010 | 20306205 |
| identification of a tsetse fly salivary protein with dual inhibitory action on human platelet aggregation. | tsetse flies (glossina sp.), the african trypanosome vectors, rely on anti-hemostatic compounds for efficient blood feeding. despite their medical importance, very few salivary proteins have been characterized and functionally annotated. | 2010 | 20351782 |
| virulence of mexican isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) upon rhipicephalus=boophilus microplus (acari: ixodidae) larvae and the efficacy of conidia formulations to reduce larval tick density under field conditions. | the first objective was laboratory evaluation of the virulence of 53 mexican isolates of fungi against larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. thirty-three isolates of metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (metschnickoff) sorokin (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) and 20 isolates of isaria (paecilomyces) fumosorosea (fumosoroseus) (wize) (eurotiales: trichomaceae) were tested on 7-day-old larvae under laboratory conditions. larvae were immersed in a suspension containing 10(8)conidia/ml and ... | 2010 | 20359827 |
| novel technique for quantifying adhesion of metarhizium anisopliae conidia to the tick cuticle. | the present study describes an accurate quantitative method for quantifying the adherence of conidia to the arthropod cuticle and the dynamics of conidial germination on the host. the method was developed using conidia of metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (metschn.) sorokin (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) and engorged rhipicephalus annulatus (say) (arachnida: ixodidae) females and was also verified for m. anisopliae var. acridum driver et milner (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) and alphitobius ... | 2010 | 20363785 |
| [action of extract and oil neem in the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) (acari: ixodidae) in laboratory]. | organic plant extracts and emulsified oil of azadirachta indica a. juss (meliaceae) (neem) were studied to evaluate its effects in control of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) in the laboratory. hexane and alcoholic organic extracts, 2% (weight/volume) were used in tests of immersion for 5 minutes, prepared with seeds, solubilized in dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) to 1%. the experiment was entirely randomized, consisting of 6 treatments and 5 replicates, each r ... | 2010 | 20385059 |
| cold storage and cryopreservation of tick cell lines. | abstract: | 2010 | 20388200 |
| detection and identification of ehrlichia species in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus ticks in cattle from xiamen, china. | abstract a total of 289 rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus canestrini (acari: ixodidae) collected from cattle in xiamen city of fujian province, southeastern china, were tested for ehrlichial agents by nested polymerase chain reaction assay. twenty-seven (9.3%) ticks from seven cattle were found positive for ehrlichia. the polymerase chain reaction products from positive samples were sequenced and found identical with each other. the 1458-bp nucleotide sequence of ehrlichial 16s rrna gene was o ... | 2011 | 20420536 |
| acaricidal activity and chemical composition of the essential oil from three piper species. | the chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of piper amalago, piper mikanianum, and piper xylosteoides was elucidated by gas chromatography (gc) and gc/mass spectrometry analyses. p. mikanianum and p. xylosteoides essential oils presented phenylpropanoids as their main compounds (67.89% and 48.53%, respectively) whereas p. amalago was rich in monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (84.95%). the essential oils obtained were investigated for ... | 2010 | 20428889 |
| evidence for role of white-tailed deer (artiodactyla: cervidae) in epizootiology of cattle ticks and southern cattle ticks (acari: ixodidae) in reinfestations along the texas/mexico border in south texas: a review and update. | from 1907 when the fever tick eradication campaign began until 1933, the tick eradication methods of dipping cattle in an acaricide or "pasture vacation" were enormously successful in eradicating southern cattle ticks [rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini)], until failures began to occur in some areas of florida. regarding the failures in florida, the consensus was that populations of white-tailed deer [odocoileus virginianus (zimmermann)] infested with southern cattle ticks were resp ... | 2010 | 20429430 |
| genome wide scan for quantitative trait loci affecting tick resistance in cattle (bos taurus x bos indicus). | in tropical countries, losses caused by bovine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infestation have a tremendous economic impact on cattle production systems. genetic variation between bos taurus and bos indicus to tick resistance and molecular biology tools might allow for the identification of molecular markers linked to resistance traits that could be used as an auxiliary tool in selection programs. the objective of this work was to identify qtl associated with tick resistance/susceptibi ... | 2010 | 20433753 |
| baculovirus expression, biochemical characterization and organophosphate sensitivity of rbmache1, rbmache2, and rbmache3 of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus cdnas, bmache1, bmache2, and bmache3, were previously identified as presumptively encoding acetylcholinesterases (aches), but biochemical identity was confirmed only for recombinant bmache3. in the present study, four recombinant bmache1 constructs and single recombinant constructs of bmache2 and bmache3 were expressed in baculovirus. biochemical characterization of the recombinant proteins supports classification of rbmache1, rbmache2, and rbmache3 as aches ( ... | 2010 | 20451328 |
| diversity of phylogenetic information according to the locus and the taxonomic level: an example from a parasitic mesostigmatid mite genus. | molecular markers for cladistic analyses may perform differently according to the taxonomic group considered and the historical level under investigation. here we evaluate the phylogenetic potential of five different markers for resolving evolutionary relationships within the ectoparasitic genus dermanyssus at the species level, and their ability to address questions about the evolution of specialization. coi provided 9-18% divergence between species (up to 9% within species), 16s rrna 10-16% (u ... | 2010 | 20480038 |
| recombinant peptides as new immunogens for the control of the bovine tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | a candidate vaccine that effectively controls rhipicephalus microplus ticks in livestock is an attractive strategy in bovine management because of the expensive and labor-intensive treatment of animals with acaricides. however, the complex nature of ectoparasites has imposed restrictions on the development of such a vaccine, and its future efficacy is still under debate. using phage display technology, we developed specific immunogens that mimic r. microplus tick antigens and were successfully v ... | 2010 | 20488622 |
| effect of gsk-3 activity, enzymatic inhibition and gene silencing by rnai on tick oviposition and egg hatching. | glycogen synthase kinase-3 (gsk-3) is classically described as a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism in mammals. it has been shown to be highly conserved among several organisms, mainly in the catalytic domain region. this enzyme has already been described in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and the ovaries of females appeared to be the major site of gsk-3 transcription. the treatment with gsk-3 specific inhibitor (alsterpaullone, bromo-indirubin-oxime 6 and indirubin-3-oxime) caused a ... | 2010 | 20500916 |
| the expression of genes coding for distinct types of glycine-rich proteins varies according to the biology of three metastriate ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, rhipicephalus sanguineus and amblyomma cajennense. | ticks secrete a cement cone composed of many salivary proteins, some of which are rich in the amino acid glycine in order to attach to their hosts' skin. glycine-rich proteins (grps) are a large family of heterogeneous proteins that have different functions and features; noteworthy are their adhesive and tensile characteristics. these properties may be essential for successful attachment of the metastriate ticks to the host and the prolonged feeding necessary for engorgement. in this work, we an ... | 2010 | 20529354 |
| ticks (acari: ixodidae) on dogs from uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil. | uberlândia in minas gerais state, southeastern brazil, has 622 000 inhabitants and is located in the cerrado biome, the south american savannah. the city dog population is estimated at 82 000 and identification of tick species and infestation prevalence on this host has not been determined. a major infectious disease of dogs in the city, canine ehrlichiosis, is transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. at the same time, autochthonous leishmaniosis has been recently described in the city and ... | 2010 | 20537111 |
| haemolymph protein and lipid profile of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infected by fungi. | the current study evaluates the protein and lipid profile of haemolymph of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus engorged females infected by metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana or fusarium oxysporum. ticks were immersed or inoculated with conidial suspension. haemolymph was collected from the dorsal surface of engorged females. the results showed altered total protein amounts; however, no significant difference was observed on electrophoretic profile among haemolymph samples. in addition, ... | 2010 | 20537114 |
| humoral immune response of dairy cattle immunized with rbm95 (ku-vac1) derived from thai rhipicephalus microplus. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an important cause of economic losses in thailand through direct effects of feeding on cattle and pathogen transmission. current tick control methods rely on expensive chemical acaricides that result in environmental contamination, residues in food animal products and acaricide-resistant ticks. anti-tick vaccines based on concealed antigens have shown promising results in the control of cattle tick. thus, recombinant bm95 (rbm95) from thai r. microplus (ku- ... | 2010 | 20537117 |
| immunization of rabbits with recombinant serine protease inhibitor reduces the performance of adult female rhipicephalus microplus. | molecules secreted from the tick salivary gland modulate the vertebrate host immune response, thus representing potential targets for novel tick control measures. tick salivary gland serine protease inhibitor (serpin) is one such molecule that may facilitate tick feeding, blood meal digestion and pathogen transmission. the objective of this study was to determine the immunogenicity and protection of recombinant rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus salivary gland serpin (rserpin) in rabbits. rabbi ... | 2010 | 20537119 |
| reassociation kinetics-based approach for partial genome sequencing of the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the size and repetitive nature of the rhipicephalus microplus genome makes obtaining a full genome sequence fiscally and technically problematic. to selectively obtain gene-enriched regions of this tick's genome, cot filtration was performed, and cot-filtered dna was sequenced via 454 flx pyrosequencing. | 2010 | 20540747 |
| discovery and characterization of hemq: an essential heme biosynthetic pathway component. | here we identify a previously undescribed protein, hemq, that is required for heme synthesis in gram-positive bacteria. we have characterized hemq from bacillus subtilis and a number of actinobacteria. hemq is a multimeric heme-binding protein. spectroscopic studies indicate that this heme is high spin ferric iron and is ligated by a conserved histidine with the sixth coordination site available for binding a small molecule. the presence of hemq along with the terminal two pathway enzymes, proto ... | 2010 | 20543190 |
| localization and function of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus vitellin-degrading cysteine endopeptidase. | the tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an important parasite of cattle in many areas of the tropics. characterization of molecules involved in mechanisms such as vitellogenesis and embryo development may contribute to a better understanding of this parasite's physiology. the vitellin-degrading cysteine endopeptidase (vtdce) is the most active enzyme involved in vitellin hydrolysis in r. microplus eggs. here we show an association between vtdce and vitellin in an additional site, apart f ... | 2010 | 20561398 |
| haplotypes that include the integrin alpha 11 gene are associated with tick burden in cattle. | infestations on cattle by the ectoparasite boophilus (rhipicephalus) microplus (cattle tick) impact negatively on animal production systems. host resistance to tick infestation has a low to moderate heritability in the range 0.13 - 0.64 in australia. previous studies identified a qtl on bovine chromosome 10 (bta10) linked to tick burden in cattle. | 2010 | 20565915 |
| cell death in salivary glands of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) (acari: ixodidae) females at semi-engorged feeding stage. | the ultrastructure of the salivary glands of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus females is described during feeding. in beginning of feeding, individuals show acini i with many mitochondria and wide basal labyrinth in peripheral cells; glycoprotein granules only in b and c3 cells (acini ii); and epithelial interstitial cells with developed basal labyrinth between f cells (acini iii). semi-engorged females show cells in degeneration, with autophagic vacuoles, lysosomes, myelin figures, and irreg ... | 2010 | 20568983 |
| survey of rhipicephalus microplus resistance to ivermectin at cattle farms with history of macrocyclic lactones use in yucatan, mexico. | engorged females of rhipicephalus microplus were collected from 30 cattle farms in yucatan, mexico to evaluate ivermectin resistance. the larval progeny of each tick sample were produced in laboratory and evaluated using the larval immersion test to obtain the larval mortality. concentration-mortality data were subjected to probit analysis to generate lethal concentrations (lc). resistance ratio (rr) of each tick sample was calculated by dividing its lc with that of an ivermectin-susceptible str ... | 2010 | 20570047 |
| recombinant mid gut antigen (bm95) as a vaccine against indian rhiphicephalus haemaphysaloides in bos indicus cattle. | in the present study, we report for the first time the efficacy of recombinant bm95 mid gut antigen isolated from an argentinean strain of rhipicephalus microplus strain a in controlling the tick infestations in india. the synthetic gene for bm95 optimized for expression in yeast was obtained and used to generate yeast transformants expressing bm95 which was purified to apparent homogeneity. liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the purified protein confirmed its identity as bm95. ... | 2011 | 20580387 |
| a novel amino acid substitution in the para-sodium channel gene in rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) associated with knockdown resistance. | resistance acquired by the tick rhipicephalus microplus (canestrini) to different types of ixodicides in mexico has had a negative impact on national and local livestock, mainly due to the transmission of diseases such as babesiosis and anaplasmosis, among others. the technique used for the diagnosis of resistance was that in the bioassays noted in the norma oficial mexicana (nom-006-zoo-1994). the purpose of this investigation was the determination of resistance to pyrethroids through isoleucin ... | 2010 | 20585841 |
| swift sympatric adaptation of a species of cattle tick to a new deer host in new caledonia. | the occurrence and frequency of sympatric speciation in natural systems continue to be hotly debated issues in evolutionary biology. this might reflect the timescale over which evolution occurs resulting in there being few compelling observations of the phenomenon (lake fishes, phytophagous insects and island trees). despite predictions, few examples of sympatric speciation have been recorded in animal parasites, at least widely accepted as such. here we show that, in new caledonia, the monophas ... | 2010 | 20601171 |
| efficiency of lecanicillium lecanii to control the tick rhipicephalus microplus. | rhipicephalus microplus, known as the cattle tick, causes serious economic losses in the brazilian cattle industry each year. traditional parasite control is primarily based on the use of chemical acaricides, which unfortunately have many negative side effects. biological control is seen as a promising alternative to chemical acaricide use. this study evaluates the entomopathogenic fungus lecanicillium lecanii for effectiveness in controlling engorged females, eggs, and larvae of r. microplus. c ... | 2010 | 20605335 |
| heterozygote deficiencies in parasite populations: an evaluation of interrelated hypotheses in the raccoon tick, ixodes texanus. | population genetics is increasingly being used to study the biology of parasites at the scales of both the host (infrapopulation, ip) and host population (component population, cp). in this study we tested three mechanistic hypotheses that could explain deviations from hardy-weinberg equilibrium (hwe) expectations due to heterozygote deficits (hds) at the cp scale in raccoon ticks (ixodes texanus; n=718) collected from raccoons (procyon lotor; n=91) and genotyped at 11 microsatellite loci. these ... | 2011 | 20606689 |
| the application of phage-displayed peptide libraries to ligand detection in eggs and larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an ectoparasite of cattle and is one of the major limiting factors in the use of bos taurus cattle in tropical and subtropical countries. current control relies heavily on chemotherapy with synthetic acaricides, which is threatened by the development of resistant tick populations. novel approaches to target discovery in cattle ticks may provide alternative strategies for the control of these parasites. the value of phage-display technology ... | 2010 | 20609525 |
| spread of parasites transported with their hosts: case study of two species of cattle tick. | like all parasites, ticks can be spread easily along with their hosts. ticks are obligate parasites of vertebrates, to which they attach themselves for varying periods of time, and are well-adapted to this mode of transport. once the transport stage is complete and they have detached at destination, they are also able to wait several months for the arrival of a new host on which they will continue their life cycle. this leads to the establishment of a secondary tick population. two tropical catt ... | 2010 | 20617654 |
| cross immunity with haemaphysalis longicornis glutathione s-transferase reduces an experimental rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infestation. | recombinant glutathione s-transferase of haemaphysalis longicornis (rgst-hl) was expressed in escherichia coli, purified by affinity chromatography and used in the immunization of cattle. western blot analysis showed positive antibody response in cattle immunized with rgst-hl. the tests also showed that immunized bovine sera recognize native rhipicephalus microplus proteins in different tissue extracts. furthermore, the vaccine potential of rgst-hl was investigated against infestation of herefor ... | 2011 | 20619263 |
| invasion of mosquito salivary glands by malaria parasites: prerequisites and defense strategies. | the interplay between vector and pathogen is essential for vector-borne disease transmission. dissecting the molecular basis of refractoriness of some vectors may pave the way to novel disease control mechanisms. a pathogen often needs to overcome several physical barriers, such as the peritrophic matrix, midgut epithelium and salivary glands. additionally, the arthropod vector elicites immune responses that can severely limit transmission success. one important step in the transmission of most ... | 2010 | 20621627 |
| r2 dynamics in triops cancriformis (bosc, 1801) (crustacea, branchiopoda, notostraca): turnover rate and 28s concerted evolution. | the r2 retrotransposon is here characterized in bisexual populations of the european crustacean triops cancriformis. the isolated element matches well with the general aspects of the r2 family and it is highly differentiated from that of the congeneric north american triops longicaudatus. the analysis of 5' truncations indicates that r2 dynamics in t. cancriformis populations show a high turnover rate as observed in drosophila simulans. for the first time in the literature, though, individuals h ... | 2010 | 20628416 |
| comparative microarray analysis of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus expression profiles of larvae pre-attachment and feeding adult female stages on bos indicus and bos taurus cattle. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an obligate blood feeder which is host specific to cattle. existing knowledge pertaining to the host or host breed effects on tick transcript expression profiles during the tick - host interaction is poor. | 2010 | 20637126 |
| bm86 homologues and novel ataq proteins with multiple epidermal growth factor (egf)-like domains from hard and soft ticks. | tick control on livestock relies principally on the use of acaricides but the development of acaricide resistance and concerns for environmental pollution underscore the need for alternative control methods, for instance through the use of anti-tick vaccines. two commercial vaccines based on the recombinant bm86 protein from rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus ticks were developed. partial protection of the bm86 vaccine against other rhipicephalus (boophilus) and hyalomma tick species suggests t ... | 2010 | 20647015 |
| an insight into the sialotranscriptome of the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. | rhipicephalus sanguineus, known as the brown dog tick, is a common ectoparasite of domestic dogs and can be found worldwide. r.sanguineus is recognized as the primary vector of the etiological agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis and canine babesiosis. here we present the first description of a r. sanguineus salivary gland transcriptome by the production and analysis of 2,034 expressed sequence tags (est) from two cdna libraries, one consctructed using mrna from dissected salivary glands from ... | 2010 | 20650005 |
| endophytic and entomopathogenic strains of beauveria sp to control the bovine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | pathogenicity of strains of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana and endophytic strains of beauveria sp against the bovine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus was tested in laboratory bioassays and under field conditions. suspensions containing 10(5), 10(7) and 10(9) conidia/ml were prepared of each fungal strain for laboratory bioassays. the ticks were maintained at 28 degrees c, 90 +/- 5% relative humidity, and the following variables were evaluated: initial female weight, egg w ... | 2010 | 20662157 |
| characterization of proteinases from the midgut of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus involved in the generation of antimicrobial peptides. | abstract: | 2010 | 20663211 |
| amblyomma imitator ticks as vectors of rickettsia rickettsii, mexico. | real-time pcr of amblyomma imitator tick egg masses obtained in nuevo leon state, mexico, identified a rickettsia species. sequence analyses of 17-kd common antigen and outer membrane protein a and b gene fragments showed to it to be r. rickettsii, which suggested a potential new vector for this bacterium. | 2010 | 20678325 |
| pyrethroid resistance in aedes aegypti from grand cayman. | the grand cayman population of aedes aegypti is highly resistant to ddt and pyrethroid insecticides. glutathione transferase, cytochrome p450, and esterase levels were increased in the grand cayman population relative to a susceptible laboratory strain, but synergist studies did not implicate elevated insecticide detoxification as a major cause of resistance. the role of target site resistance was therefore investigated. two substitutions in the voltage-gated sodium channel were identified, v101 ... | 2010 | 20682868 |
| acaricide resistance mechanisms in the two-spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae and other important acari: a review. | the two-spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae koch is one of the economically most important pests in a wide range of outdoor and protected crops worldwide. its control has been and still is largely based on the use of insecticides and acaricides. however, due to its short life cycle, abundant progeny and arrhenotokous reproduction, it is able to develop resistance to these compounds very rapidly. as a consequence, it has the dubious reputation to be the"most resistant species" in terms of the ... | 2010 | 20685616 |
| diagnoses of fipronil resistance in brazilian cattle ticks (rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus) using in vitro larval bioassays. | fipronil is a phenylpyrazolic insecticide that is widely used in agriculture and has been recently used to control the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. because of the serious problems associated with resistance to the available acaricides, this product has been used as an important alternative to control acaricide-resistant ticks. the objective of this work was to analyse the fipronil sensitivity of ticks that were collected from farms with a history of fipronil use by larval bi ... | 2010 | 20688434 |
| the comparative prevalence of five ixodid tick species infesting cattle and goats in maputo province, mozambique. | this study compares the prevalence of ixodid tick species on cattle and goats in maputo province. adult ticks as well as the nymphs of three species, and only the adults of two species were collected from sets of five cattle at 21 localities throughout the province and compared with those collected from similar sets of goats at the same places. amblyomma hebraeum adults and/or nymphs were present on cattle and on goats at all 21 localities, and 90 cattle and 22 goats were infested with adult tic ... | 2009 | 20698440 |
| identification of a mutation in the para-sodium channel gene of the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus associated with resistance to flumethrin but not to cypermethrin. | a mutation in the domain ii s4-5 linker region of the para-sodium channel gene has been associated previously with synthetic pyrethroid (sp) resistance in the cattle tick (rhipicephalus microplus) in australia. this is a c→a mutation at nucleotide position 190, which results in a leucine to isoleucine amino acid substitution (l64i). in a survey of 15 cattle tick populations with known sp resistance status, sourced from queensland and new south wales in australia, there was a strong relationship ... | 2010 | 20708620 |
| vitellin- and hemoglobin-digesting enzymes in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus larvae and females. | the aim of the present study was to address the involvement of rhipicephalus microplus larval cysteine endopeptidase (rmlce) in protein digestion in r. microplus larvae and adult females. in this work, an improved purification protocol for native rmlce was developed. partial amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme indicates that it is the same enzyme as boophilus microplus cathepsin-l1 (bmcl1). when vitellin (vt) degradation by egg and larval enzymes was analyzed, stage-specific differences f ... | 2010 | 20708708 |
| acaricidal activity of eugenol based compounds against scabies mites. | human scabies is a debilitating skin disease caused by the "itch mite" sarcoptes scabiei. ordinary scabies is commonly treated with topical creams such as permethrin, while crusted scabies is treated with topical creams in combination with oral ivermectin. recent reports of acaricide tolerance in scabies endemic communities in northern australia have prompted efforts to better understand resistance mechanisms and to identify potential new acaricides. in this study, we screened three essential oi ... | 2010 | 20711455 |
| female ixodid ticks grow endocuticle during the rapid phase of engorgement. | lees (proc zool soc lond 121:759-772, 1952) concluded that the ixodid tick ixodes ricinus grows endocuticle during the slow but not during the rapid, phase of engorgement, a conclusion supported by andersen and roepstorff (insect biochem mol biol 35:1181-1188, 2005) for the same species. in this study analysis of dimensional data and cuticle weight measurements from female ixodid ticks (amblyomma hebraeum) were used to test this hypothesis. both approaches showed that endocuticle growth continue ... | 2011 | 20711799 |
| multiple transcripts encode glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pdh) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the production of nadph. here we describe the identification of four transcripts (g6pdh-a, -b, -c, and -d) that putatively encode the enzyme in the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the genomic dna that is spliced to produce g6pdh-a and -b is 8,600-9,000 bases in length and comprises 12 exons. comparison of the r. microplus g6pdh gene structure with those available from insects and mamma ... | 2011 | 20711800 |
| rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus: a most successful invasive tick species in west-africa. | the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is known to be a highly reproductive and efficient vector of babesia bovis, two characters which make this tick a threat to livestock keeping in many continents. the authors identified this tick in ivory coast, west africa, in 2007, and hypothesized the spread to be minimal, as this tick was not observed in previous years. to determine the extent of its distribution and to a lesser extent the possible impact of the tick on the livelihoods of iv ... | 2011 | 20711801 |
| gene-knockdown in the honey bee mite varroa destructor by a non-invasive approach: studies on a glutathione s-transferase. | the parasitic mite varroa destructor is considered the major pest of the european honey bee (apis mellifera) and responsible for declines in honey bee populations worldwide. exploiting the full potential of gene sequences becoming available for v. destructor requires adaptation of modern molecular biology approaches to this non-model organism. using a mu-class glutathione s-transferase (vdgst-mu1) as a candidate gene we investigated the feasibility of gene knockdown in v. destructor by double-st ... | 2010 | 20712880 |
| vaccine efficacy of bm86 ortholog of h. a. anatolicum, rhaa86 expressed in prokaryotic expression system. | the use of tick vaccine in controlling ticks and tick borne diseases has been proved effective in integrated tick management format. for the control of h. a. anatolicum, bm86 ortholog of h. a. anatolicum was cloned and expressed as fusion protein in e. coli as e. coli-pethaa86. the molecular weight of the rhaa86 was 97 kda with a 19 kda fusion tag of thioredoxin protein. the expressed protein was characterized immunologically and vaccine efficacy was evaluated. after 120 hours of challenge, only ... | 2010 | 20721331 |
| molecular cloning of a small heat shock protein (shspii) from the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus salivary gland. | immunoscreening of a cdna expression library of the rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus tick with purified rabbit anti-r annulatus salivary glands antigens polyclonal antibodies led to the identification of a 661bp sequence. the sequence includes an open reading frame of 543bp encoding a protein of 180 amino acids with calculated molecular weight of 20.51kda, isoelectric point of 9.071 and with no signal sequence. comparison of the deduced amino acids with protein data bank showed that the ident ... | 2010 | 20723560 |
| efficiency of sulphur in garlic extract and non-sulphur homeopathy in the control of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the objective of the present work was to evaluate the efficacy of a non-sulphur-based homeopathic preparation and a sulphur-containing natural product derived from allium sativum (linnaeus) against infestation by the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini) (acari: ixodidae). a total of 24 crossbred calves (7 : 8 holstein : zebu), aged 6-8 months and maintained in individual stables under tick-free conditions, were divided into three groups. group 1 (control group) received n ... | 2011 | 20819153 |
| molecular evolution and the role of oxidative stress in the expansion and functional diversification of cytosolic glutathione transferases. | cytosolic glutathione transferases (cgst) are a large group of ubiquitous enzymes involved in detoxification and are well known for their undesired side effects during chemotherapy. in this work we have performed thorough phylogenetic analyses to understand the various aspects of the evolution and functional diversification of cgsts. furthermore, we assessed plausible correlations between gene duplication and substrate specificity of gene paralogs in humans and selected species, notably in mamma ... | 2010 | 20843339 |
| two initial vaccinations with the bm86-based gavacplus vaccine against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus induce similar reproductive suppression to three initial vaccinations under production conditions. | the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, affects livestock production in many regions of the world. up to now, the widespread use of chemical acaricides has led to the selection of acaricide-resistant ticks and to environmental contamination. gavacplus is a subunit vaccine based on the recombinant bm86 tick antigen expressed in yeast, capable to control infestations of r. microplus under controlled and production conditions. the vaccine constitutes the core element of broad control ... | 2010 | 20846415 |
| differential transcription of two highly divergent gut-expressed bm86 antigen gene homologues in the tick rhipicephalus appendiculatus (acari: ixodida). | the transcriptional control of gene expression is not well documented in the arthropoda. we describe transcriptional analysis of two exceptionally divergent homologues (ra86) of the bm86 gut antigen from rhipicephalus appendiculatus. bm86 forms the basis of a commercial vaccine for the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the r. appendiculatus ra86 proteins contain 654 and 693 amino acids, with only 80% amino acid sequence identity. reverse-transcription pcr of gut cdna showed transcr ... | 2011 | 20854482 |
| effects of urea on the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | this study aimed at evaluating the effects of urea on rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the experiment was divided into two stages. in stage i, brachiaria brizantha was placed into 30 pots, each with an area of 18 cm(2).these were divided into three groups of ten pots each: g1 non-treated control group, g2 treated with 15 g of urea per pot and g3 treated with 15 g of urea+10% of ammonium sulphate. three engorged female ticks were placed in each pot and then 1.8l of water were added. in the se ... | 2010 | 20855169 |
| identification of a dieldrin resistance-associated mutation in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini) (acari: ixodidae), is a major vector of tick fever organisms affecting cattle in many parts of the world, including australia, africa, and south america. control of the southern cattle tick through acaricide use is an important approach in disease management. resistance has emerged to many of the acaricides currently and previously used, including the cyclodienes. although cyclodiene resistance mechanisms have been charac ... | 2010 | 20857747 |
| laboratory evaluation of verbutin as a synergist of acaricides against larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | synergistic effects of verbutin, a member of aryl alkynyl derivatives, to three commonly used acaricides were evaluated with the modified food and agricultural organization larval packet test (fao-lpt) against both susceptible and resistant strains of the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini) (acari: ixodidae). these tick strains demonstrated various levels of resistance to coumaphos (2.5-8.2x), permethrin (57.9-711.7x), and amitraz (3.5-177.5x). verbutin alone w ... | 2010 | 20857748 |
| acaricidal effect and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from cuminum cyminum, pimenta dioica and ocimum basilicum against the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | acaricidal activity of essential oils extracted from cumin seeds (cuminum cyminum), allspice berries (pimenta dioica) and basil leaves (ocimum basilicum) were tested on 10-day-old rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick larvae using the lpt. two-fold dilutions of the three essential oils were tested from a starting dilution of 20% down to 1.25%. results showed a high toxicological effect for cumin, producing 100% mortality in all tested concentrations on r. microplus larvae. similarly, allspice ... | 2010 | 20865426 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of an acetylcholinesterase cdna in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. | a full cdna encoding an acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7) was cloned and characterized from the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens stål (hemiptera: delphacidae). the complete cdna (2467 bp) contains a 1938-bp open reading frame encoding 646 amino acid residues. the amino acid sequence of the ache deduced from the cdna consists of 30 residues for a putative signal peptide and 616 residues for the mature protein with a predicted molecular weight of 69,418. the three residues (ser242, glu3 ... | 0 | 20874389 |
| in vitro and in vivo efficacy of acorus calamus extract against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | to develop a environment friendly control measure against cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, medicinally important plants were identified and extracts were prepared. twelve 95% ethanolic, thirteen 50% hydroethanolic and nine hot water extracts were prepared and tested against laboratory reared homogenous colony of r. (b.) microplus. amongst the 34 extracts, 26 extracts showed no mortality within 72 h of application while 12.0 ± 4.9% to 35.0 ± 9.6% mortality of treated ticks was re ... | 2010 | 20886235 |
| lectins: production and practical applications. | lectins are proteins found in a diversity of organisms. they possess the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes with known carbohydrate specificity since they have at least one non-catalytic domain that binds reversibly to specific monosaccharides or oligosaccharides. this articles aims to review the production and practical applications of lectins. lectins are isolated from their natural sources by chromatographic procedures or produced by recombinant dna technology. the yields of animal lectins a ... | 2010 | 20890754 |
| evaluation of medicinal plant extracts against ticks and fluke. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of leaf hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of aegle marmelos (linn.) correa ex roxb, andrographis lineata wallich ex nees., andrographis paniculata (burm.f.) wallich ex nees., cocculus hirsutus (l.) diels, eclipta prostrata l., and tagetes erecta l. against the adult cattle tick haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann 1897 (acarina: ixodidae), the larvae of rhipicephalus ( ... | 2010 | 20922419 |
| differential expression of genes in resistant versus susceptible gyr x holstein cattle challenged with the tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the bovine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus causes major losses in cattle production systems in tropical regions. bos indicus breeds are more resistant to ticks than b. taurus breeds. resistance genes could be an alternative to control this parasite. we examined the pattern of gene expression of three calcium-binding-protein genes: translationally controlled tumor protein 1 (tpt1), allergen bos d3 (s100a7), calcium channel protein transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (trpv6), and the ... | 2010 | 20927715 |
| metarhizium anisopliae host-pathogen interaction: differential immunoproteomics reveals proteins involved in the infection process of arthropods. | metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus well characterized for the biocontrol of a wide range of plagues. its pathogenicity depends on the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes that degrade the host cuticle. to identify proteins involved in the infection process and in host specify, immunoproteomic analysis was performed using antiserum produced against crude extract of m. anisopliae cultured in the presence of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and dysdercus peruvianus cuticles. spots d ... | 2010 | 20943140 |
| in vitro acaricidal effect of tannin-rich plants against the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vitro acaricidal effects of lyophilized extracts of four tannin rich plants (acacia pennatula, piscidia piscipula, leucaena leucocephala and lysiloma latisiliquum) against diverse stages of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, and to asses whether tannins were involved in the acaricidal effect using polyethylene glycol (peg) to block tannins. larval immersion (lit) and adult immersion (ait) tests were used to evaluate the acaricidal effect of ... | 2010 | 20947253 |
| metarhizium anisopliae lipolytic activity plays a pivotal role in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infection. | lipases secreted by metarhizium anisopliae, an important biological control agent, could potentially be involved in the host infection process. here, we present the activity profile during the host infection process and the effect of lipase activity inhibitor ebelactone b on infection. the previous treatment of spores with lipase activity inhibitor, ebelactone b, completely inhibited lipolytic activity and prevented the infection of the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus host. the results herei ... | 2010 | 20965056 |
| thrombin inhibitors from different animals. | venous and arterial thromboembolic diseases are still the most frequent causes of death and disability in high-income countries. clinical anticoagulants are inhibitors of enzymes involved in the coagulation pathway, such as thrombin and factor x(a). thrombin is a key enzyme of blood coagulation system, activating the platelets, converting the fibrinogen to the fibrin net, and amplifying its self-generation by the activation of factors v, viii, and xi. thrombin has long been a target for the deve ... | 2010 | 20976270 |
| acaricidal efficacy against cattle ticks and acute oral toxicity of lippia javanica (burm f.) spreng. | in search for low-cost, safe and environmentally benign plant-based alternatives to commercial pesticides, the efficacy of lippia javanica aqueous leaf extracts in controlling ticks on cattle, acute oral toxicity in mice and phytochemistry were evaluated. l. javanica aqueous leaf extracts at 10% and 20% w/v were effective at controlling cattle ticks but not as good as an amitraz-based acaricide tickbuster. however, they can provide an effective tick control option where synthetic products are un ... | 2010 | 20978842 |
| d.d.t. and cattle ticks. | 1945 | 21010551 | |
| a new method for the control of cattle ticks in tropical regions. | 1946 | 21015596 | |
| bm86 midgut protein sequence variation in south texas cattle fever ticks. | abstract: | 2010 | 21047431 |
| rhipicephalus microplus salivary gland molecules induce differential cd86 expression in murine macrophages. | abstract: | 2010 | 21054882 |
| potential synergistic effect of melia azedarach fruit extract and beauveria bassiana in the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) in cattle infestations. | the use of a concentrate emulsion of melia azedarach green fruits and a suspension of the fungus beauveria bassiana was evaluated in the control of rhipicephalus microplus on artificially infested cattle. the evaluation was conducted following the protocol established by the brazilian agriculture ministry. five groups of 4 or 5 animals were allocated to one of the following treatments: emulsion concentrate of m. azedarach at 0.25% (t azed 0.25%), emulsion concentrate of m. azedarach at 0.5% (t a ... | 2010 | 21055878 |
| evaluation of bacillus thuringiensis pathogenicity for a strain of the tick, rhipicephalus microplus, resistant to chemical pesticides. | the pathogenicity of four native strains of bacillus thuringiensis against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrine) (acari: ixodidae) was evaluated. a r. microplus strain that is resistant to organophosphates, pyrethroids, and amidines, was used in this study. adult r. microplus females were bioassayed using the immersion test of drummond against 60 b. thuringiensis strains. four strains, gp123, gp138, gp130, and gp140, were found to be toxic. for the immersion test, the total protein co ... | 2010 | 21062139 |
| transcriptomic analysis of the temporal host response to skin infestation with the ectoparasitic mite psoroptes ovis. | infestation of ovine skin with the ectoparasitic mite psoroptes ovis results in a rapid cutaneous immune response, leading to the crusted skin lesions characteristic of sheep scab. little is known regarding the mechanisms by which such a profound inflammatory response is instigated and to identify novel vaccine and drug targets a better understanding of the host-parasite relationship is essential. the main objective of this study was to perform a combined network and pathway analysis of the in v ... | 2010 | 21067579 |
| heme and blood-feeding parasites: friends or foes? | hemoparasites, like malaria and schistosomes, are constantly faced with the challenges of storing and detoxifying large quantities of heme, released from their catabolism of host erythrocytes. heme is an essential prosthetic group that forms the reactive core of numerous hemoproteins with diverse biological functions. however, due to its reactive nature, it is also a potentially toxic molecule. thus, the acquisition and detoxification of heme is likely to be paramount for the survival and establ ... | 2010 | 21087517 |
| the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus bm86 gene plays a critical role in the fitness of ticks fed on cattle during acute babesia bovis infection. | abstract: | 2010 | 21092112 |
| species composition and geographic distribution of ticks infesting cattle, goats and dogs in a temperate and in a subtropical region of south-east africa. | the species and distribution of ticks infesting cattle, goats and dogs in the eastern region of the eastern cape province, south africa and maputo province, mozambique were determined from collections made from these animals at 72 localities in the former region and 30 in the latter. eleven ixodid and one argasid species were recovered in the eastern cape province and 15 ixodid species in maputo province. the most common ticks infesting cattle and goats in both provinces were amblyomma hebraeum, ... | 2009 | 21105593 |