Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| efficacy of oral ramoplanin for inhibition of intestinal colonization by vancomycin-resistant enterococci in mice. | ramoplanin is a glycolipodepsipeptide antibiotic with activity against gram-positive bacteria that is in clinical trials for prevention of vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (vre) bloodstream infections and treatment of clostridium difficile diarrhea. orally administered ramoplanin suppresses vre intestinal colonization, but recurrences after discontinuation of treatment have frequently been observed. we used a mouse model to examine the efficacy of ramoplanin for inhibition of vre colonization a ... | 2004 | 15155213 |
| candida glabrata ste20 is involved in maintaining cell wall integrity and adaptation to hypertonic stress, and is required for wild-type levels of virulence. | the conserved family of fungal ste20 p21-activated serine-threonine protein kinases regulate several signalling cascades. in saccharomyces cerevisiae ste20 is involved in pheromone signalling, invasive growth, the hypertonic stress response, cell wall integrity and binds cdc42, a rho-like small gtp-binding protein required for polarized morphogenesis. we have cloned the ste20 homologue from the fungal pathogen candida glabrata and have shown that it is present in a single copy in the genome. tra ... | 2004 | 15164359 |
| an open multicentre comparative study of the efficacy, safety and tolerance of fluconazole and itraconazole in the treatment of cancer patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. | oropharyngeal candidiasis is a frequent infection in cancer patients who receive cytotoxic drugs. in this study, the efficacy, safety and tolerance of fluconazole and itraconazole were compared in non-neutropenic cancer patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. of 279 patients who were randomised between the two treatment groups, 252 patients were considered to be eligible (126 in each group). the clinical cure rate was 74% for fluconazole and 62% for itraconazole (p=0.04, 95% confidence interval ... | 2004 | 15177489 |
| origins of variation in the fungal cell surface. | 2004 | 15197389 | |
| antifungal cobalt(ii), copper(ii), nickel(ii) and zinc(ii) complexes of furanyl-,thiophenyl-, pyrrolyl-, salicylyl- and pyridyl-derived cephalexins. | some novel cephalexin-derived furanyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, salicylyl and pyridyl schiff's bases and their cobalt (ii), copper (ii), nickel (ii) and zinc (ii) complexes have been synthesized and studied for their antifungal properties against trichophyton longifusus, candida albicans, aspergillus flavus, microsporum canis, fusarium solani and candida glaberata. the presence of metal ions in the investigated schiff's base complexes reported here lead to significant antifungal activity, whereas t ... | 2004 | 15202498 |
| candida glabrata erg1 mutant with increased sensitivity to azoles and to low oxygen tension. | a candida glabrata erg1 (cgerg1) mutant, cgtn201s, was identified by transposon mutagenesis and by increased fluconazole susceptibility. cgerg1 encodes a 489-amino-acid protein which, on the basis of its homology with saccharomyces cerevisiae erg1, is a squalene epoxidase essential for ergosterol synthesis. interruption following codon 475 of cgerg1p decreased the ergosterol content by 50%; caused accumulation of the squalene precursor; increased the levels of susceptibility to fluconazole, itra ... | 2004 | 15215098 |
| [in vitro activity of caspofungin against fluconazole-resistant candida isolates from patients with hiv infection]. | antifungal therapy for mucosal candidiasis caused by fluconazole-resistant candida species is problematic. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro activity of caspofungin against candida strains with reduced susceptibility to fluconazole isolated from hiv-infected patients. | 2004 | 15228899 |
| reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) detection of hlp gene expression in candida glabrata and its possible role in in vitro haemolysin production. | although haemolysins are known to be putative virulence factors contributing to pathogenicity in candida species, the haemolytic activity of candida glabrata and its genetic expression is ill understood at present. thus, we studied a total of 34 candida glabrata isolates for their in vitro haemolytic activity using a previously described plate assay system. the mrna expression of hlp, a putative haemolysin gene, of these isolates was also evaluated using a semi-quantitative, non-competitive rt-p ... | 2004 | 15233644 |
| the antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichen cladonia foliacea and its (-)-usnic acid, atranorin, and fumarprotocetraric acid constituents. | the antimicrobial activity of the chloroform, diethyl ether, acetone, petroleum ether, and ethanol extracts of the lichen cladonia foliacea and its (-)-usnic acid, atranorin, and fumarprotocetraric acid constituents against 9 bacteria and fungi has been investigated. the extracts and pure compounds alone were found active against the same bacteria and the same yeasts. bacillus cereus, bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis, proteus vulgaris, listeria monocytogenes, aero ... | 2004 | 15241936 |
| manipulating the pyruvate dehydrogenase bypass of a multi-vitamin auxotrophic yeast torulopsis glabrata enhanced pyruvate production. | to investigate the relationship between the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (pdh) bypass and the production of pyruvate of a multi-vitamin auxotrophic yeast torulopsis glabrata. | 2004 | 15242462 |
| cross-resistance between fluconazole and ravuconazole and the use of fluconazole as a surrogate marker to predict susceptibility and resistance to ravuconazole among 12,796 clinical isolates of candida spp. | cross-resistance within a class of antimicrobial agents is a problem that is often encountered with antibacterial agents, and it is also an issue with antifungal agents. a current example is ravuconazole, a new triazole antifungal with an expanded spectrum and potency against candida spp., aspergillus spp., and other opportunistic fungal pathogens. the present study addresses the issue of cross-resistance between fluconazole and ravuconazole and the use of fluconazole as a surrogate marker to pr ... | 2004 | 15243072 |
| geographic variation in the susceptibilities of invasive isolates of candida glabrata to seven systemically active antifungal agents: a global assessment from the artemis antifungal surveillance program conducted in 2001 and 2002. | we examined the susceptibilities to amphotericin b, flucytosine, fluconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole, voriconazole, and caspofungin of 601 invasive isolates of candida glabrata and grouped the isolates by geographic location: north america (331 isolates), latin america (58 isolates), europe (135 isolates), and asia-pacific (77 isolates). caspofungin (mic at which 90% of isolates tested are susceptible [mic(90)], 0.12 microg/ml; 100% of strains are susceptible [s] at a mic of </=1 microg/ml) ... | 2004 | 15243073 |
| risk factors for disseminated candidiasis in children with candidemia. | to determine the risk factors for disseminated infection in hospitalized children with candidemia. | 2004 | 15247602 |
| a new approach towards ikimine a analogues. | an analogon of the alkylpyridine alkaloid ikimine a (1) was prepared in six steps starting from undec-10-ynoic acid. a key step in this synthesis was a sonogashira coupling of the alkyne and 3-iodopyridine, followed by hydrogenation of the alkyne, reduction of the ester to the primary alcohol and oxidation to the corresponding aldehyde. this aldehyde was converted to the ikimine a analogon with o-methyl hydroxylamine hydrochloride. this product and the intermediate alkylpyridines were tested in ... | 2004 | 15248605 |
| in vitro activity of voriconazole and other antifungal agents against clinical isolates of candida glabrata and candida krusei. | the antifungal susceptibility of 309 candida glabrata and 63 candida krusei clinical isolates was tested via the sensititre yeastone-3 system (trek diagnostic systems, east grinstead, uk) to compare the in vitro activity of voriconazole with that of five other antifungal agents (amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, and flucytosine). voriconazole was highly active (mic90, 0.5 microg/ml) against isolates of both species, including those for which the mics of itraconazole and fl ... | 2004 | 15258831 |
| in vitro activities of ravuconazole and four other antifungal agents against fluconazole-resistant or -susceptible clinical yeast isolates. | the activities of ravuconazole and four other antifungal agents were tested against a collection of 1,796 clinical yeast isolates, including fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant strains. ravuconazole was active against the majority of fluconazole-resistant isolates; but for 102 of 562 (18%) resistant isolates, mainly candida tropicalis, candida glabrata, and cryptococcus neoformans, ravuconazole mics were > or =1 microg/ml. | 2004 | 15273127 |
| [microbiological testing of the artificial gingival margin in dentures]. | in everyday practice dental laboratories try to reproduce the natural form of sulcus gingivae at the transitional area between artificial teeth and gingiva of removable dentures, even on esthetically less important areas. aim of these investigations were to examine how artificial recreation of the sulcus gingivae influences plaque retention, and what is the microbiological relevance of these. investigations were carried out on the vestibular side of removable dentures of 32 randomly selected pat ... | 2004 | 15282978 |
| antifungal susceptibility of 50 candida isolates from invasive mycoses in chile. | we determined the antifungal susceptibility of 50 candida isolates from invasive mycoses in intensive care unit patients in chile. candida albicans (27 isolates) and c. parapsilosis (12 isolates) were the most common etiologic species. candida glabrata (five isolates) was isolated only from children. our data are consistent with those of recent brazilian and argentinean studies but differ from those of some us, canadian and norwegian studies, in which the relatively azole-resistant c. glabrata w ... | 2004 | 15283244 |
| a multicenter, open-label clinical study of micafungin (fk463) in the treatment of deep-seated mycosis in japan. | the efficacy and safety of micafungin (fk463), which is a new lipopeptide antifungal agent of the echinocandin class and is active against both aspergillus and candida species, were investigated in patients with deep-seated mycosis in this study. 70 patients were treated with micafungin 12.5-150 mg/d intravenously for up to 56 d. the overall clinical response rates were 60% (6/10) in invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, 67% (6/9) in chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis, 55% (12/22) in pulmon ... | 2004 | 15287383 |
| oral colonization of candida species in perinatally hiv-infected children in northern thailand. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection remains a serious problem in northern thailand. a high prevalence of perinatally hiv-infected children with oral candidiasis has been observed in the region. the objective of this study was to determine oral colonization of candida spp. in children with perinatal hiv infection. samples were collected by oral rinse or oral swab from 40 hiv-infected children and from 15 hiv-negative children as a control group. yeasts recovered in culture were identifie ... | 2004 | 15287543 |
| pcr-enzyme immunoassay of rdna in the diagnosis of candidemia and comparison with amplicon detection by agarose gel electrophoresis. | we have developed a semi-nested pcr-enzyme immunoassay (snpcr-eia) for the detection of candida species in serum specimens, and the sensitivity of amplicon detection was compared with the detection of amplified product by agarose gel electrophoresis (age). the universal outer primers amplified the 3' end of 5.8s and the 5' end of 28s rdna including the internally transcribed spacer 2 (its2) in pcr with genomic dna as template from all the tested candida species. the biotin-labeled species-specif ... | 2004 | 15293453 |
| sensitivity of the bact/alert fa-medium for detection of pseudomonas aeruginosa in pre-incubated blood cultures and its temperature-dependence. | the bact/alert fa-medium was evaluated to detect pseudomonas aeruginosa in pre-incubated blood samples. as published previously its predecessor the bact/alert fan-medium failed to detect p. aeruginosa in delayed entry samples. it is now reported that fa-medium tolerates a longer pre-incubation period at 36 degrees c, i.e. 8 h, before detection of p. aeruginosa fails in experimentally inoculated blood cultures. in clinical blood samples the frequency of false-negative results concerning p. aerugi ... | 2004 | 15314193 |
| spurious automated platelet count. | 2004 | 15323150 | |
| in vitro activity of voriconazole against candida species isolated in taiwan. | the activity of voriconazole was determined against 285 candida species consisting of 53 resistant isolates, 43 susceptible-dose dependent and 189 isolates susceptible to fluconazole. the mic(50) and mic(90) to fluconazole were 8 and 64 mg/l, respectively. the range of minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) to voriconazole was from 0.0325 to 2 mg/l and the mic(50) and mic(90) were 0.125 and 0.5 mg/l, respectively. only 3 of 285 tested isolates had mics to voriconazole equal to 2 mg/l. a total ... | 2004 | 15325436 |
| in vitro activities of voriconazole in combination with three other antifungal agents against candida glabrata. | candida glabrata has recently emerged as a significant pathogen involved in both superficial and deep-seated infections. in the present study, a checkerboard broth microdilution method was performed to investigate the in vitro activities of voriconazole (vor) in combination with terbinafine (trb), amphotericin b (amb), and flucytosine (5fc) against 20 clinical isolates of c. glabrata. synergy, defined as a fractional inhibitory concentration (fic) index of < or = 0.50, was observed in 75% of vor ... | 2004 | 15328091 |
| maintenance fluconazole therapy for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. | no safe and convenient regimen has proved to be effective for the management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. | 2004 | 15329425 |
| species distribution and fluconazole susceptibility of candida clinical isolates in a medical center in 2002. | fluconazole disk-diffusion susceptibility was evaluated in 230 blood isolates and 344 non-blood clinical isolates of candida spp. collected in 2002 at national taiwan university hospital. up to 93.5% of blood isolates were susceptible to fluconazole, 3% were susceptible dose-dependent, and 3.5% were resistant. the minimum inhibitory concentrations at which 50% of tested isolates were inhibited (mic50) of fluconazole against candida blood isolates were highest for candida glabrata (5 microg/ml), ... | 2004 | 15340652 |
| genome update: promoter profiles. | 2004 | 15347738 | |
| breakthrough fungal infections in stem cell transplant recipients receiving voriconazole. | infection with voriconazole-resistant fungi may become problematic, because organisms with decreased susceptibility have been noted. breakthrough fungal infections occurred in 13 of 139 patients who received voriconazole at our center during the period of september 1998 through september 2003. zygomycetes were found in 6 patients, and candida glabrata bloodstream infection occurred in 4 patients. minimal inhibitory concentrations were > or =1 microg/ml for all available isolates. yeasts and mold ... | 2004 | 15356792 |
| characterization of the in vitro antimycotic activity of a novel killer protein from williopsis saturnus dbvpg 4561 against emerging pathogenic yeasts. | a novel killer toxin, labelled as kt4561, secreted by williopsis saturnus dbvpg 4561, was found to possess a wide antimycotic activity against strains of candida glabrata, issatchenkia orientalis and pichia guillermondii. kt4561 was precipitated by ethanol and purified by ion-exchange chromatography. the active protein migrated as a single band in sds-page and was characterized by a molecular weight of approximately 62 kda. purified kt4561 was active across wide ranges of temperature (5-45 degre ... | 2004 | 15358421 |
| pedro: a database for storing, searching and disseminating experimental proteomics data. | proteomics is rapidly evolving into a high-throughput technology, in which substantial and systematic studies are conducted on samples from a wide range of physiological, developmental, or pathological conditions. reference maps from 2d gels are widely circulated. however, there is, as yet, no formally accepted standard representation to support the sharing of proteomics data, and little systematic dissemination of comprehensive proteomic data sets. | 2004 | 15377392 |
| quinazolinone fungal efflux pump inhibitors. part 2: in vitro structure-activity relationships of (n-methyl-piperazinyl)-containing derivatives. | structure-activity relationships of a novel series of fungal efflux pump inhibitors with respect to potentiation of the activity of fluconazole against strains of candida albicans and candida glabrata over-expressing abc-type efflux pumps are systematically explored. | 2004 | 15380214 |
| posaconazole is a potent inhibitor of sterol 14alpha-demethylation in yeasts and molds. | posaconazole (pos; sch 56592) is a novel triazole that is active against a wide variety of fungi, including fluconazole-resistant candida albicans isolates and fungi that are inherently less susceptible to approved azoles, such as candida glabrata. in this study, we compared the effects of pos, itraconazole (itz), fluconazole (flz), and voriconazole (vor) on sterol biosynthesis in strains of c. albicans (both azole-sensitive and azole-resistant strains), c. glabrata, aspergillus fumigatus, and a ... | 2004 | 15388421 |
| azole resistance in candida glabrata: coordinate upregulation of multidrug transporters and evidence for a pdr1-like transcription factor. | candida glabrata has emerged as a common cause of fungal infection. this yeast has intrinsically low susceptibility to azole antifungals such as fluconazole, and mutation to frank azole resistance during treatment has been documented. potential resistance mechanisms include changes in expression or sequence of erg11 encoding the azole target. alternatively, resistance could result from upregulated expression of multidrug transporter genes; in c. glabrata these include cdr1 and pdh1. by rna hybri ... | 2004 | 15388433 |
| human infection with cryptococcus glabratus; report of case involving uterus and fallopian tube. | 1950 | 15432328 | |
| [new developments in antifungal therapy: fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin]. | the azole antifungal voriconazole and the echinocandin caspofungin have recently become available for the treatment of invasive mycoses. fluconazole remains the drug of choice for candidemia, except for infections with one of the resistent species such as candida krusei and some strains of candida glabrata. in these cases, as well as in patients who cannot tolerate azoles in connection with side effects or drug interactions, caspofungin is an attractive alternative. voriconazole has become the d ... | 2004 | 15453120 |
| the distribution frequency of candida species in the genitourinary tract among symptomatic individuals in nigerian cities. | a clinical survey was carried out in seven cities in the southern part of nigeria to determine the relative distribution of genitourinary candida species in symptomatic patients reporting for diagnosis and treatment. seven candida species were identified using the chromagar candida method and the api 20c system. candida species were represented by candida glabrata (33.7%), candida albicans (20.1%), candida tropicalis (18%), candida guilliermondii (17.8%) candida pseudotropicalis (5%), candida pa ... | 2003 | 15456373 |
| phenotypic and genotypic identification of candida spp. isolated from hospitalized patients. | as candidosis incidence continue to rise, quick laboratory identification of candida species is becoming increasingly important for a growing population of patients at-risk. rapd techniques were used on samples of candida obtained from patients hospitalized at santa casa de misericordia in belo horizonte (scmbh) brazil, from march 1998 to december 2000 and then compared with the results of phenotypic identification techniques. two hundred and forty two yeasts were isolated and phenotypically ide ... | 2004 | 15458359 |
| systematic identification in silico of covalently bound cell wall proteins and analysis of protein-polysaccharide linkages of the human pathogen candida glabrata. | candida glabrata is an important cause of systemic candidiasis in humans. this paper reports a systematic analysis of the putative glycosylphosphatidylinositol-modified (gpi) proteins of c. glabrata, a large part of which are covalently bound to the cell wall glucan network and the remainder of which are retained in the plasma membrane, and of cell wall proteins (cwps) which are covalently bound in a mild-alkali-sensitive manner. in silico genomic analysis revealed 106 putative gpi proteins. fif ... | 2004 | 15470094 |
| inner kinetochore of the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata. | the human pathogenic yeast candida glabrata is the second most common candida pathogen after candida albicans, causing both bloodstream and mucosal infections. the centromere (cen) dna of c. glabrata (cgcen), although structurally very similar to that of saccharomyces cerevisiae, is not functional in s. cerevisiae. to further examine the structure of the c. glabrata inner kinetochore, we isolated several c. glabrata homologs of s. cerevisiae inner kinetochore protein genes, namely, genes for com ... | 2004 | 15470243 |
| routine use of a commercial test, glabrata rtt, for rapid identification of candida glabrata in six laboratories. | when evaluated in six clinical laboratories from six countries with 1,174 fresh isolates, including 715 candida glabrata and 459 non-c. glabrata strains, glabrata rtt (fumouze diagnostics, levallois perret, france) yielded an overall sensitivity and an overall specificity of 95.8 and 98.9%, respectively. the results were consistent from one laboratory to another. the five false-positive results corresponded to c. parapsilosis (n = 2), c. tropicalis, c. guilliermondii, and c. lusitaniae. glabrata ... | 2004 | 15472367 |
| native valve endocarditis due to candida glabrata treated without valvular replacement: a potential role for caspofungin in the induction and maintenance treatment. | conventional antifungal therapy for fungal endocarditis has been associated with a poor cure rate. therefore, combined medical and surgical therapy has been recommended. however, new potent antifungal agents, such as echinocandins, could increase the medical options and, in some cases, avoid the need for surgery. we report a case of candida endocarditis treated successfully without valve replacement with intravenous liposomal amphotericin b (total dose, 4 g) and intravenous caspofungin (a 100-mg ... | 2004 | 15472836 |
| [evaluation of a new chromogenic medium (candida id) for the isolation and presumptive identification of candida albicans and other medically important yeasts]. | candidiasis is a frequent human infection caused mainly by candida albicans. however, other species are emerging as important pathogens, as candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, candida krusei or candida guilliermondii. rapid identification of clinical isolates could facilitate diagnosis and treatment. candida id (biomerieux, spain) is a new medium for the isolation and presumptive identification of yeasts: c. albicans grows as blue colonies, and c. tropicalis, c. guillierm ... | 2001 | 15482010 |
| candida glabrata periprosthetic infection: a case report and literature review. | we present a case of an immunocompromised host who developed a candida glabrata infection 20 years after her total knee arthroplasty. she was treated with extensive irrigation and debridement, followed by placement of an amphotericin b cement spacer supplemented with 2 months of oral variconazole. she ultimately underwent an above-knee amputation. | 2004 | 15483812 |
| oral candida isolates in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: prevalence, azole susceptibility profiles and response to antifungal treatment. | oral pseudomembranous candidiasis and mucositis were assessed in 39 patients receiving a total dose of 39-70 gy radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. mucositis was scored using the radiation therapy oncology group criteria, and oral candidiasis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical evaluation and quantitative laboratory findings. radiation-induced mucositis was observed in 9/39 patients. only 3/39 patients discontinued radiotherapy due to acute severe mucosal effects. candidiasis (colony-formi ... | 2004 | 15491459 |
| effect of contraceptives on the prevalence of vaginal colonization with candida species in edo state, nigeria. | high vaginal swabs (hvs) obtained from 500 volunteers in edo state, nigeria which comprised 394 contraceptive users and 106 non-contraceptive users were screened for the prevalence of candida species using standard procedures. results revealed the isolation of candida species in 246 of volunteers. these included candida albicans 174 (38.4%), candida pseudotropicalis 20 (4%), candida stellatoidea 15 (3%), candida krusei nine (1.8%), candida guilliermondii 12 (2.4%), candida tropicalis 11 (2.2%) a ... | 2001 | 15496123 |
| phosphorylation of candida glabrata atp-binding cassette transporter cdr1p regulates drug efflux activity and atpase stability. | fungal atp-binding cassette transporter regulation was investigated using candida glabrata cdr1p and pdh1p expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae. rephosphorylation of pdh1p and cdr1p was protein kinase a inhibitor-sensitive but responded differentially to tpk isoforms, stressors, and glucose concentration. cdr1p ser(307), which borders the nucleotide binding domain 1 abc signature motif, and ser(484), near the membrane, were dephosphorylated on glucose depletion and independently rephosphorylate ... | 2005 | 15498768 |
| genotyping analysis of colonizing candidal isolates from very-low-birthweight infants in a neonatal intensive care unit. | to analyse the relatedness of colonizing candidal isolates from very-low-birthweight infants hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu), we prospectively collected 86 candidal isolates from 20 infants, including 67 isolates of candida albicans from 15 infants, 17 isolates of candida parapsilosis from five infants and two isolates of candida glabrata from one infant, who also had c. albicans colonization, over a one-year period. all 86 isolates were genotyped by infrequent-restriction- ... | 2004 | 15501334 |
| altered susceptibility of candida glabrata bloodstream isolates to triazoles at clinically relevant ph values: comparison of the nccls m27-a2, sensititre yeastone, and etest methods. | we studied the mics of triazoles against 15 candida glabrata clinical isolates by the nccls m27-a2, sensititre yeastone, and etest methods by using media at phs 6.0, 7.0, and 7.4. thirteen isolates were less susceptible to triazoles at ph 6.0 and more susceptible to triazoles at ph 7.4 compared to ph 7.0. | 2004 | 15504877 |
| eukaryotes: not beyond compare. | 2004 | 15523762 | |
| impact of high-dose granulocyte transfusions in patients with cancer with candidemia: retrospective case-control analysis of 491 episodes of candida species bloodstream infections. | the efficacy and feasibility of donor granulocyte transfusion therapy (gtx) have changed considerably over the past four decades. the authors sought to determine the impact of high-dose (approximately 5.5 x 10(10) cells) gtx in patients with candidemia. | 2004 | 15529309 |
| in-vitro activity of 5-fluorocytosine against 1,021 spanish clinical isolates of candida and other medically important yeasts. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of primary resistance to 5-fluorocytosine (5fc) among clinical isolates of yeasts in spain where this drug is not currently available for therapy. we have tested the in vitro activity of 5fc against 1,021 recent yeast clinical isolates, including 522 candida albicans, 140 candida parapsilosis, 68 candida glabrata, 41 candida dubliniensis, 50 candida guilliermondii, 34 candida tropicalis, 28 candida krusei, 20 candida famata, 11 cryptococcus n ... | 2004 | 15538829 |
| [rapid identification of candida glabrata using a new commercial kit]. | candida glabrata is an emergent pathogen with diminished susceptibility to azoles, thus a rapid identification of this yeast could be of help to choose the appropriate treatment. glabrata rtt (fumouze diagnostics, france) is a new c. glabrata identification test. to evaluate its utility in the clinical laboratory daily routine, we prospectively tested 168 yeasts isolated in our hospital. glabrata rtt results had a sensitivity of 98.4% and a specificity of 100%. the combination of chromagar candi ... | 2004 | 15538833 |
| candida glabrata sepsis secondary to oral colonization in bone marrow transplantation. | candida glabrata has emerged as a common cause of fungal sepsis in bone marrow transplant patients, particularly those receiving fluconazole prophylaxis. colonization of the lower gi tract and indwelling catheters have been thought to be the primary sources of systemic infection with candida. we report on a bone marrow transplant patient who developed candida glabrata sepsis from pre-existing oral colonization. | 2004 | 15552650 |
| [prevalence of candida albicans and candida non-albicans in clinical samples during 1999-2001]. | the importance of epidemiological monitoring of yeasts involved in pathologic processes is unquestionable due to the increase of these infections over the last decade, the changes observed in species causing candidiasis, and empirical antifungal treatment. at the mycology center, 1006 isolates from a wide range of clinical samples were studied during 1999-2001. candida albicans (40.3%) was the most isolated species, although, the candida no albicans species with 54.9% showed the major prevalence ... | 2004 | 15559191 |
| initial results from a longitudinal international surveillance programme for anidulafungin (2003). | this longitudinal study evaluated the in vitro activity of anidulafungin against 880 clinical yeast isolates and 68 mould isolates from 64 medical centres in north america, latin america and europe. | 2004 | 15564286 |
| activated lactoferrin and fluconazole synergism against candida albicans and candida glabrata vaginal isolates. | to evaluate the fungistatic activity of activated lactoferrin (alf), fluconazole (fcn) individually and in combination against candida vaginal isolates as well as to measure the time to recovery from the fungistatic effects after exposure in vitro to threshold minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic). | 2004 | 15568403 |
| (2s,3r)-2-aminododecan-3-ol, a new antifungal agent from the ascidian clavelina oblonga. | a new antifungal agent, (2s,3r)-2-aminododecan-3-ol (1), has been isolated from the ascidian clavelina oblonga collected in brazil. the structure of 1 was established by analysis of spectroscopic data, including absolute stereochemistry determined by circular dichroism analysis of the dibenzoyl derivative 2. compound 1 displayed antifungal activity against candida albicans atcc 10231 with a mic of 0.7 mug/ml and against candida glabrata with a mic of 30 microg/ml. | 2004 | 15568780 |
| in vitro activity of bergamot natural essence and furocoumarin-free and distilled extracts, and their associations with boric acid, against clinical yeast isolates. | there is very little information, to date, on the antifungal activity of bergamot oil. in this study, we investigated the in vitro activity of three bergamot oils (natural essence, furocoumarin-free extract and distilled extract) against clinically relevant candida species. we studied the two derivatives, components of italian pharmaceutical products, that are supposed to be less toxic than the essential oil. | 2004 | 15574476 |
| comparison of antifungal susceptibilities to fluconazole and voriconazole of oral candida glabrata isolates from head and neck radiation patients. | the antifungal susceptibilities of 79 oral candida glabrata isolates to fluconazole and voriconazole were compared. the mics at which 90% of the isolates tested were inhibited were 1 microg of voriconazole/ml and 32 microg of fluconazole/ml. oral c. glabrata isolates for which the fluconazole mics are elevated are commonly those for which the voriconazole mics are elevated, but these increases may be transient for voriconazole, as they are for fluconazole. | 2004 | 15583322 |
| study of molecular epidemiology of candidiasis in portugal by pcr fingerprinting of candida clinical isolates. | pcr fingerprinting was used to type 177 yeast isolates obtained from two medical institutions. candida albicans was the predominant species found, followed by c. tropicalis, c. glabrata, c. parapsilosis, c. guilliermondii, and c. krusei, which accounted for over 20% of the strains isolated. this survey represents the first study of molecular epidemiology of candidiasis in portugal. | 2004 | 15583336 |
| assessment of preemptive treatment to prevent severe candidiasis in critically ill surgical patients. | to assess the efficacy of a preemptive antifungal therapy in preventing proven candidiasis in critically ill surgical patients. | 2004 | 15599149 |
| in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of candida blood isolates and evaluation of the e-test method. | fungal infections have dramatically increased in recent years, along with the increase of drug-resistant isolates in immunocompromised patients. ninety eight candida species obtained from blood cultures at the tri-service general hospital, taiwan, from 1998 to 2000 were studied. these included 50 candida albicans, 13 candida glabrata, 24 candida tropicalis and 11 candida parapsilosis isolates. to investigate their susceptibility to commonly used antifungal drugs, minimum inhibitory concentration ... | 2004 | 15599465 |
| activated lactoferrin's ability to inhibit candida growth and block yeast adhesion to the vaginal epithelial monolayer. | to study in vitro growth-inhibitory effects of activated lactoferrin (alf) against vaginal isolates of candida species and to measure the ability of alf to block interactions of candida albicans and candida glabrata to the vaginal epithelial (ve) monolayer. | 2004 | 15603095 |
| management of vaginitis. | common infectious forms of vaginitis include bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis. vaginitis also can occur because of atrophic changes. bacterial vaginosis is caused by proliferation of gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis, and anaerobes. the diagnosis is based primarily on the amsel criteria (milky discharge, ph greater than 4.5, positive whiff test, clue cells in a wet-mount preparation). the standard treatment is oral metronidazole in a dosage of 500 mg twic ... | 2004 | 15606061 |
| antifungal activities of r-135853, a sordarin derivative, in experimental candidiasis in mice. | the activities of r-135853, a novel sordarin derivative that possesses a 1,4-oxazepane ring moiety, were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. r-135853 exhibited potent in vitro activities against candida albicans (fluconazole-susceptible strains), candida glabrata, candida tropicalis, and cryptococcus neoformans, with mics at which 90% of isolates were inhibited of 0.03, 1, 0.5, and 0.5 microg/ml, respectively. r-135853 also exhibited potent activities against fluconazole-susceptible dose-dependent a ... | 2005 | 15616275 |
| effect of parenteral antibiotic administration on establishment of intestinal colonization by candida glabrata in adult mice. | we examined the effect of antibiotic treatment on establishment of intestinal colonization by candida glabrata in adult mice. subcutaneous ceftriaxone, piperacillin-tazobactam, clindamycin, and metronidazole promoted increased density of stool colonization, whereas cefepime, levofloxacin, and aztreonam did not. these findings suggest that antibiotics that inhibit intestinal anaerobes promote c. glabrata colonization. | 2005 | 15616330 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of bloodstream isolates of candida species to six antifungal agents: results from a population-based active surveillance programme, barcelona, spain, 2002-2003. | the antifungal drug susceptibilities of 351 isolates of candida species, obtained through active laboratory-based surveillance in the period january 2002-december 2003, were determined (candida albicans 51%, candida parapsilosis 23%, candida tropicalis 10%, candida glabrata 9%, candida krusei 4%). | 2004 | 15618284 |
| epidemiological study of candida species in cutaneous candidiasis based on pcr using a primer mix specific for the dna topoisomerase ii gene. | we have previously reported a pcr-based identification system for pathogenic fungi by targeting the dna topoisomerase ii gene, in which primer mixes specific for this gene were used for the pcr amplifications. | 2004 | 15619431 |
| [study of in vitro activity of caspofungin on non-candida albicans yeast strains determined by two methods: m27-a2 and eucast]. | the in vitro activity of caspofungin against 147 non-candida albicans yeasts isolated from blood culture was studied using two broth microdilution methods: m27-a2 and eucast. the minimum concentrations that produced a growth inhibition of > or = 50% and of 100% (mic2 and mic0, respectively) and a reduction in the number of viable colonies > or = 99% versus the initial inoculum (mfc) were determined for all strains. caspofungin demonstrated good activity (mic2 and mic0 < or = 2 mg/l for 90% of th ... | 2004 | 15619655 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the yeast kluyveromyces thermotolerans. | we report here the complete nucleotide sequence of the 23.5-kb mitochondrial genome from the yeast kluyveromyces thermotolerans. it encodes, all on the same dna strand, three subunits of cytochrome oxidase (cox1, cox2 and cox3), three subunits of atp synthetase (atp6, atp8 and atp9), the apocytochrome b (cob), the ribosomal protein var1, 24 trnas, the small and large ribosomal rnas, and the rna subunit of rnase p. three intronic orfs are present within the cox1 gene group i introns. the k. therm ... | 2005 | 15620687 |
| purification, characterization, cloning and expression of pyruvate decarboxylase from torulopsis glabrata ifo005. | in the production of pyruvate and optically active alpha-hydroxy ketones by torulopsis glabrata, pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc, ec 4.1.1.1) plays an important role in pyruvate metabolism and in catalyzing the biotransformation of aromatic amino acid precursors to alpha-hydroxy ketones. in this paper, we have purified and characterized pdc from t. glabrata ifo005 and cloned the corresponding gene. a simple, rapid and efficient purification protocol was developed that provided pdc with high specific ... | 2004 | 15625313 |
| caspofungin therapy of neonates with invasive candidiasis. | invasive candidiasis is an increasing problem in neonatal intensive care units worldwide and is an important cause of morbidity, mortality and prolongation of hospital stay. despite administration of amphotericin b, invasive candidiasis in neonates is sometimes complicated by persistent fungemia and refractory invasive candidiasis. the problem has been augmented by the increasing prevalence of non-albicans species that often are resistant to fluconazole and to amphotericin b. | 2004 | 15626944 |
| epidemiology and molecular typing of candida isolates from burn patients. | this study, spread over a span of 2 years describes candida infections in burn patients of an indian hospital. a total of 220 burn patients were monitored and candida could be isolated from 138 patients. a total of 228 different candida species were obtained from various body locations of these patients. species identification revealed that candida albicans was the most predominant (45%) followed by candida tropicalis (33%), candida glabrata (13.5%), c. parapsilosis (4%), c. krusei (2.75%) and c ... | 2004 | 15630548 |
| comparison of a new commercial test, glabrata rtt, with a dipstick test for rapid identification of candida glabrata. | this study compares the performance of a 3-h dipstick trehalose test with glabrata rtt, a new commercially available 20-min test for the rapid identification of candida glabrata. with the exception of blood agar, glabrata rtt gave reliable results with all media tested and was always superior to the dipstick test. | 2005 | 15635027 |
| a one-year survey of candidemia in belgium in 2002. | a total of 211 episodes of bloodstream yeast infections in 207 patients, hospitalized in 28 belgian hospitals participating in a national surveillance program, were evaluated. a total of 81% of the patients were more than 50 years of age. candida albicans was the cause of infections in 55% of patients, 22% were due to c. glabrata and 13% to c. parapsilosis. the most common predisposing factors were antibacterial therapy (42%), residence in an intensive care unit (32.9%) and presence of an intrav ... | 2004 | 15635977 |
| comparative genomics of hemiascomycete yeasts: genes involved in dna replication, repair, and recombination. | among genes conserved from bacteria to mammals are those involved in replicating and repairing dna. following the complete sequencing of four hemiascomycetous yeast species during the course of the genolevures 2 project, we have studied the conservation of 106 genes involved in replication, repair, and recombination in candida glabrata, kluyveromyces lactis, debaryomyces hansenii, and yarrowia lipolytica and compared them with their saccharomyces cerevisiae orthologues. we found that proteins be ... | 2005 | 15647519 |
| [performance of the candida mannan antigen detection in patients with fungemia]. | for several years, the platelia candida mannan antigen enzyme immunoassay (candida eia) has been commercially available as a diagnostic test for invasive candidosis. we evaluated the candida eia with patients with proven fungemia caused by yeasts from which at least one serum sample was available. fifty-nine patients with 121 serum samples were included in the study. sixty-one different yeast strains were isolated from positive blood-cultures. the candida eia was positive (n = 35) or borderline ... | 2004 | 15667360 |
| [experience with the platelia candida elisa for the diagnostics of invasive candidosis in neutropenic patients]. | invasive candida infections (ic) belong to the most important opportunistic fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. ic is difficult to diagnose, because clinical symptoms are nonspecific and cultural methods lack sensitivity or specificity. we evaluated the platelia candida enzyme immunoassay (candida eia) for the diagnosis of ic in patients with haematological malignancies. a total of 62 neutropenic patients with 469 serum samples were included in the study. candida colonization was mo ... | 2004 | 15667361 |
| mechanisms of azole resistance in clinical isolates of candida glabrata collected during a hospital survey of antifungal resistance. | the increasing use of azole antifungals for the treatment of mucosal and systemic candida glabrata infections has resulted in the selection and/or emergence of resistant strains. the main mechanisms of azole resistance include alterations in the c. glabrata erg11 gene (cgerg11), which encodes the azole target enzyme, and upregulation of the cgcdr1 and cgcdr2 genes, which encode efflux pumps. in the present study, we evaluated these molecular mechanisms in 29 unmatched clinical isolates of c. gla ... | 2005 | 15673750 |
| rapid acquisition of stable azole resistance by candida glabrata isolates obtained before the clinical introduction of fluconazole. | five azole-susceptible candida glabrata isolates obtained before 1975 became resistant to fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole within 4 days of in vitro fluconazole exposure. this cross-resistance was stable for at least 4 months after removal of fluconazole and was associated with increased cgcdr1 and cgcdr2 expression. | 2005 | 15673768 |
| detection and identification of candida species associated with candida vaginitis by real-time pcr and pyrosequencing. | real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is currently considered the most sensitive method to detect low abundance dna of pathogens in clinical samples. furthermore, obtaining dna sequence is the 'gold standard' of precise molecular detection. here we combine species-specific real-time pcr and pyrosequencing to rapidly amplify and sequence ribosomal dna from candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, and candida tropicalis, which are commonly associated with candida vaginitis (cv ... | 2005 | 15680216 |
| a bunch of fun-guys: the whole-genome view of yeast evolution. | the resolution of the complete sequences of several hemiascomycete genomes provides new insights into the ways that yeast genomes change in size and in gene contents. these genomes provide evidence of whole-genome duplication occurring before the divergence of saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida glabrata, followed by massive gene loss that restored diploidy. the pattern of genome evolution in yeast differs from that in bacteria apparently as a result of stronger selective constraints on bacteri ... | 2005 | 15680504 |
| invasive candida infections: the changing epidemiology. | candida is recognized as the fourth most common cause of bloodstream infection in the united states, with a high attributable mortality rate. while candida albicans remains the most common pathogen, non-albicans candida species, including candida glabrata and candida krusei, with greater resistance to triazoles are being increasingly isolated. these epidemiologic changes are attributable to a combination of factors, such as the use of fluconazole prophylaxis, changes in patient demographics and ... | 2004 | 15682589 |
| antifungal resistance: the clinical front. | the emergence of resistance and changes in the spectrum of candida infections have led to an increased interest in susceptibility testing of antifungal drugs. such testing may be particularly useful in patients with invasive candidiasis who have been previously treated with azole antifungals, those whose infections are not responding to treatment, and those with infections caused by non-albicans species of candida. the choice of a specific antifungal depends on the clinical status of the patient ... | 2004 | 15682590 |
| telomere length control and transcriptional regulation of subtelomeric adhesins in candida glabrata. | the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata is able to bind in vitro to human epithelial cells. this interaction depends on expression of the adhesin epa1p. the genome contains a number of epa1 paralogues which localize to the subtelomeric regions of the c. glabrata. we have identified three hyperadherent mutants of c. glabrata. the first has an insertion adjacent to epa7, an epa1-related adhesin. the others disrupt the sir3 and rif1 genes of c. glabrata. we show that sir3 and rif1 are required for su ... | 2005 | 15686568 |
| the yak1p kinase controls expression of adhesins and biofilm formation in candida glabrata in a sir4p-dependent pathway. | biofilm is the predominant type of microbial development in natural environments, and potentially represents a major form of resistance or source of recurrence during host infection. although a large number of studies have focussed on the genetics of bacterial biofilm formation, very little is known about the genes involved in this type of growth in fungi. a genetic screen for candida glabrata biofilm mutants was performed using a 96-well plate model of biofilm formation. study of the isolated m ... | 2005 | 15686569 |
| antifungal activity of posaconazole compared with fluconazole and amphotericin b against yeasts from oropharyngeal candidiasis and other infections. | the in vitro antifungal activity of posaconazole was compared with that of fluconazole and amphotericin b. materials and methods: a microdilution method (m27-a2) was used with 331 clinical yeast isolates. | 2005 | 15705637 |
| evidence for recombination in candida glabrata. | despite its clinical importance, little is known of the epidemiology and population structure of candida glabrata. c. glabrata possesses a mating type system similar to that in saccharomyces cerevisiae, however mating, meiosis and recombination have not been demonstrated. we performed multilocus sequence typing on a collection of 165 isolates to test for evidence of genetic recombination. a total of 3345 bp from six loci (fks, leu2, nmt1, trp1, ugp1, and ura3) were sequenced for each isolate. th ... | 2005 | 15707844 |
| [study of acute vulvovaginitis in sexually active adult women, with special reference to candidosis, in patients of the francisco j. muñiz infectious diseases hospital]. | the results of microbiological vaginal secretions samples obtained from 749 women (from july 2001 to july 2002) were studied in the bacteriology unit of the francisco javier muñiz hospital from buenos aires. all patients suffered acute vulvovaginitis were child bearing and sexually active women, 334 of them were hiv-positive. the following are the results of the microbiological studies: lactobacillus spp 50.6%, gardnerella vaginalis 25.6%, candida spp 17.4%, trichomonas vaginalis 5.3%, neisseria ... | 2004 | 15709796 |
| correlation of candida species and symptoms among patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis in maringá, paraná, brazil. | vulvovaginal candidiasis (vvc) is an infection caused by abnormal yeast growth in the mucosa of the female genital tract which is commonly diagnosed in gynecology. the aim of this study was to correlate the frequency of yeasts and their respective species in asymptomatic women with different clinical manifestation of vvc; evaluate possible relationships between number of fungus colonies and symptoms in this pathology. all patients who visited the laboratory within a period of five months, for ro ... | 2004 | 15709802 |
| candida glabrata endophthalmitis treated successfully with caspofungin. | a 39-year-old man with candida glabrata endophthalmitis was successfully treated with a 28-day course of intravenous caspofungin. presence of underlying renal insufficiency and infection with a drug-resistant strain precluded use of amphotericin b or fluconazole. intravitreal administration of antifungals and vitrectomy were not required. the role of caspofungin in candida endophthalmitis is discussed. | 2005 | 15714407 |
| comparison of three differential media for the presumptive identification of yeasts. | this study evaluated three differential media, chromagar candida, biggy agar and albicans id2 agar, for the presumptive identification of yeast species. in total, 215 yeast isolates were included in the study. the sensitivity and specificity of chromagar candida, biggy agar and albicans id2 agar for the detection of candida albicans were 100% and 100%, 91% and 92.7%, and 99.2% and 92.7%, respectively. chromagar candida was a reliable tool for the presumptive identification of c. albicans, candid ... | 2005 | 15715727 |
| high urine ethanol and negative blood and vitreous ethanol in a diabetic woman: a case report, retrospective case survey, and review of the literature. | several studies have shown that ethanol can be produced in urine infected with yeast or bacteria in vitro. we present the unusual case of a diabetic woman in whom ethanol was produced in her urine in vivo. the decedent was a 19-year-old woman who was noncompliant with her diabetes treatment. she presented to a local hospital in severe diabetic ketoacidosis and died shortly thereafter. upon arrival at the hospital, a blood glucose of 553 mg/dl was detected. a urinalysis was positive for ketones ( ... | 2005 | 15725786 |
| rhizochalin a, a novel two-headed sphingolipid from the sponge rhizochalina incrustata. | rhizochalin a (4), the fourth representative of two-headed glycosphingolipids, was isolated as its peracetate from the sponge rhizochalina incrustata. its structure has been established as the 2-ethyl carbamoate of rhizochalin on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical transformations. | 2005 | 15730256 |
| identification of yeast strains isolated from marcha in sikkim, a microbial starter for amylolytic fermentation. | marcha or murcha is a traditional amylolytic starter used to produce sweet-sour alcoholic drinks, commonly called jaanr in the himalayan regions of india, nepal, bhutan, and tibet (china). the aim of this study was to examine the microflora of marcha collected from sikkim in india, focusing on yeast flora and their roles. twenty yeast strains were isolated from six samples of marcha and identified by genetic and phenotypic methods. they were first classified into four groups (group i, ii, iii, a ... | 2005 | 15734562 |
| caspofungin as treatment for candida glabrata hip infection. | 2005 | 15737527 | |
| mycological examinations on the fungal flora of the chicken comb. | a total of 500 combs of adult chickens from two different locations in germany (hessen and schleswig-holstein) were clinically and mycologically examined. the chickens came from three battery cages (n = 79), one voliere system (n=32), six flocks maintained on deep litter (n = 69) and 12 flocks kept on free outdoor range (n=320). twenty-two of the 500 chicken combs (4.4%) were found to have clinical signs: only non-specific lesions neither typical of mycosis nor of avian pox such as desquamation ... | 2005 | 15743428 |
| molecular epidemiology of candida species isolated from urine at an intensive care unit. | candida spp. has been the leading microorganism isolated from the urine specimens of patients hospitalized at the anesthesiology and reanimation intensive care unit (icu) of dokuz eylul university hospital, izmir, since 1998. this study was undertaken to investigate the clonal relationship of candida urine isolates in order to find the mode of spread among the patients. epidemiological surveillance of 38 candida albicans, 15 candida tropicalis and 12 candida glabrata recovered from the urine spe ... | 2005 | 15743431 |
| application of tof-sims with chemometrics to discriminate between four different yeast strains from the species candida glabrata and saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we present a tof-sims analysis of the cell surface differences between four yeast strains from two species, candida glabrata and saccharomyces cerevisiae (haploid strains by4742 and by4741 and the derived diploid by4743). the study assesses the suitability of tof-sims analysis in combination with statistical methods (principal component analysis, fisher's discriminant analysis, and cluster analysis) for the discrimination between the four yeast strains. we demonstrate that a combination of these ... | 2005 | 15762580 |