Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| in vitro effects of tea polyphenols on redox metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in pc12 cells. | tea polyphenols, especially catechins, have been reported to be potent antioxidants and beneficial in oxidative stress-related diseases including cancer. numerous animal and cell culture models demonstrate anticancer effects of tea catechins. experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests the use of black tea polyphenols (btp), green tea catechins (especially epigallocatechin gallate [egcg]), and other polyphenols in preventing the progression of cancer both in animal and human populations. ... | 2008 | 18837911 |
| screening of dhfr-binding drugs by maldi-tofms. | the class of antimetabolite chemotherapeutical agents has been used to treat cancers in humans for almost 50 years and gives significant results by binding dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr), a key enzyme in dna synthesis. therefore, finding new active compounds inhibiting dna synthesis through their binding to dhfr is of prime interest. the aim of this work is to describe a protocol designed to study the binding of compounds to dhfr. this screening protocol involves matrix-assisted laser desorption ... | 2008 | 18841351 |
| coffee, tea, and incident type 2 diabetes: the singapore chinese health study. | increasing coffee intake was inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in populations of european descent; however, data from high-risk asian populations are lacking as are data on tea intake in general. | 2008 | 18842784 |
| standardized capsule of camellia sinensis lowers cardiovascular risk factors in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | previous studies examining the effect of tea drinking on cardiovascular health have produced mixed results due to their observational nature and qualitatively and quantitatively imprecise definitions of active tea components. the objective of this study was to determine if a standardized and defined decaffeinated green tea (camellia sinensis) product lowers blood pressure, serum lipids, oxidative stress, and markers of chronic inflammation. | 2009 | 18848434 |
| green and black tea extracts inhibit hmg-coa reductase and activate amp kinase to decrease cholesterol synthesis in hepatoma cells. | recent studies have demonstrated that green and black tea consumption can lower serum cholesterol in animals and in man, and suppression of hepatic cholesterol synthesis is suggested to contribute to this effect. to evaluate this hypothesis, we measured cholesterol synthesis in cultured rat hepatoma cells in the presence of green and black tea extracts and selected components. green and black tea decreased cholesterol synthesis by up to 55% and 78%, respectively, as measured by a 3-h incorporati ... | 2009 | 18926682 |
| p-coumarate:coa ligase as a key gene in the yield of catechins in tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze]. | tea is an important crop known for its beverage and antioxidant polyphenols -- catechins and its derivatives. catechins are synthesized through flavonoid (fl) pathway and stored in the vacuole. a metabolic flux for the operation of fl pathway is maintained through the supply of 4-coumaroyl-coa of phenylpropanoid pathway. 4-coumaroyl-coa is synthesized through the catalytic activity of p-coumarate:coa ligase (4cl) using 4-coumaric acid and acetyl-coa as the substrates. the present manuscript repo ... | 2009 | 18931865 |
| green tea protects rats against autoimmune arthritis by modulating disease-related immune events. | green tea, a product of the dried leaves of camellia sinensis, is the most widely consumed beverage in the world. the polyphenolic compounds from green tea (pgt) possess antiinflammatory properties. we investigated whether pgt can afford protection against autoimmune arthritis and also examined the immunological basis of this effect using the rat adjuvant arthritis (aa) model of human rheumatoid arthritis (ra). aa can be induced in lewis rats (rt.1(l)) by immunization with heat-killed mycobacter ... | 2008 | 18936206 |
| green tea (camellia sinensis) and cancer prevention: a systematic review of randomized trials and epidemiological studies. | green tea is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. this review summarizes the beneficial effects of green tea on cancer prevention. | 2008 | 18940008 |
| identification of green tea's (camellia sinensis (l.)) quality level according to measurement of main catechins and caffeine contents by hplc and support vector classification pattern recognition. | high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) was identified green tea's quality level by measurement of catechins and caffeine content. four grades of roast green teas were attempted in this work. five main catechins ((-)-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), (-)-epigallocatechin (egc), (-)-epicatechin gallate (ecg), (-)-epicatechin (ec), and (+)-catechin (c)) and caffeine contents were measured simultaneously by hplc. as a new chemical pattern recognition, support vector classification (svc) was ap ... | 2008 | 18952392 |
| differential growth suppression of human melanoma cells by tea (camellia sinensis) epicatechins (ecg, egc and egcg). | we previously reported that catechins of green tea have different antiproliferative effects on cell lines derived from gender-dependent cancers; epicatechin 3-gallate (ecg) had the strongest inhibitory effect. in the present study, we examined the effects of epigallocatechin (egc), epicatechin-gallate (ecg) and egc 3-gallate (egcg) on the viability, density, doubling time and cycle number of cell lines derived from melanoma metastasized to lymph nodes (mb-1133 and se-0154) or distant organs (ch- ... | 2009 | 18955299 |
| classification of tea samples by their chemical composition using discriminant analysis. | multivariate analysis in combination with pattern recognition procedures has been applied to samples of green and black tea. discriminant analysis has been used for classification purposes. aqueous extract, polyphenols, amino acids, caffeine, theobromine and theophylline were used as chemical descriptors. | 1996 | 18966503 |
| simultaneous determination of catechins, caffeine and gallic acids in green, oolong, black and pu-erh teas using hplc with a photodiode array detector. | a simple and fast hplc method using a photodiode array detector was developed for simultaneous determination of four major catechins, gallic acid and caffeine. after multiple extractions with aqueous methanol and acidic methanol solutions, tea extract was separated within 20 min using a methanol-acetate-water buffer gradient elution system on a c(18) column. the sample extraction data demonstrated that the single extraction used in the previous studies with aqueous acetonitrile or methanol is no ... | 2002 | 18968631 |
| a study on the determination of chromium as chromate at a carbon paste electrode modified with surfactants. | a procedure for the determination of chromium is described based on synergistic pre-concentration of the chromate anion at a carbon paste electrode modified in situ with quarternary ammonium salts such as 1-ethoxycarbonylpentadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (septonex((r))), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (ctab) or cetylpyridinium bromide (cpb). the proper electrochemical detection utilises the reduction cr(vi) --> cr(iii) performed in the differential pulse cathodic voltammetric mode. in discussi ... | 2004 | 18969679 |
| biosorption of heavy metals on aspergillus fumigatus immobilized diaion hp-2mg resin for their atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. | a solid phase extraction procedure based on biosorption of copper(ii), lead(ii), zinc(ii), iron(iii), nickel(ii) and cobalt(ii) ions on aspergillus fumigatus immobilized diaion hp-2mg has been investigated. the analytical conditions including amounts of a. fumigatus, eluent type, flow rates of sample and eluent solutions were examined. good recoveries were obtained to the spiked natural waters. the influences of the concomitant ions on the retentions of the analytes were also examined. the detec ... | 2006 | 18970890 |
| influence of culture media and environmental factors on mycelial growth and sporulation of lasiodiplodia theobromae (pat.) griffon and maubl. | lasiodiplodia theobromae, a common tea (camellia sinensis) pathogen, usually does not sporulate or sporulates poorly in common media, which makes spore production difficult. in this study the effects of culture media, carbon source, nitrogen source, temperature, ph and light on mycelial growth and sporulation were evaluated. among several carbon sources tested, glucose and sucrose were found superior for growth. potassium nitrate supplemented media showed maximum growth amongst the tested inorga ... | 2008 | 18972700 |
| paenibacillus camelliae sp. nov., isolated from fermented leaves of camellia sinensis. | a novel bacterium, strain blls-2(t) was isolated from pu'er tea. the isolate was gram-positive, endospore-forming motile rod that grew at 15 approximately 42 degrees c and ph 6.0 approximately 10.2. the dna g+c content was 48.3 mol%, the predominant isoprenoid quinone was mk-7, and the predominant cellular fatty acid was anteiso-c15:0 (54.2%) followed by c16:0 (15.5%) and iso-c16:0 (8.2%). the polar lipid pattern of blls-2(t) was characterized by the presence of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphati ... | 2008 | 18974954 |
| column solid-phase extraction of nickel and silver in environmental samples prior to their flame atomic absorption spectrometric determinations. | a biosorption procedure for preconcentration-separation of nickel(ii) and silver(i) at trace levels on bacillus sphaericus-loaded chromosorb 106 (bslc106) has been presented in this work. the conditions like ph, amounts of microorganism, eluent type, etc. for the quantitative adsorption of the analyte ions on bscl106 column were investigated. the analyte ions were quantitatively recovered and desorbed at ph range of 6.0-7.0 and 10 ml of 1m hcl, respectively. the effects of various cationic and a ... | 2009 | 18977595 |
| antiproliferative and antimicrobial activity of traditional kombucha and satureja montana l. kombucha. | to carry out a preliminary investigation of the biological activity of kombucha beverages from camellia sinensis l. (black tea) and satureja montana l. (winter savory tea), that have consuming acidity. | 2008 | 18979556 |
| in vitro antioxidative potential of lactoferrin and black tea polyphenols and protective effects in vivo on carcinogen activation, dna damage, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis during experimental oral carcinogenesis. | the present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant potential of bovine lactoferrin (blf) and black tea polyphenols [polyphenon-b (p-b)] as well as in vivo inhibitory effects on the development of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced hamster buccal pouch (hbp) carcinomas. antioxidant activity was screened using a panel of assays including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (abts), hydroxyl radical anion (oh*), su ... | 2008 | 18980016 |
| black tea polyphenols modulate xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, oxidative stress and adduct formation in a rat hepatocarcinogenesis model. | the present study was designed to investigate the modulatory effects of black tea polyphenols (polyphenon-b) on phase i and phase ii xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and oxidative stress in a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). liver tumours induced in male sprague-dawley rats by dietary administration of rho-dimethylaminoazobenzene (dab) increased cytochrome p450 (total and cyp1a1, 1a2 and 2b isoforms), cytochrome b(5), cytochrome b(5) reductase, glutathione s-transferase (gst total and ... | 2008 | 18985486 |
| pcr differential display-based identification of regulator of g protein signaling 10 as the target gene in human colon cancer cells induced by black tea polyphenol theaflavin monogallate. | we have previously reported that black tea polyphenol theaflavin monogallate (tf-2) suppressed cox-2 and induced apoptosis in human colon cancer cells [lu, j.b., ho, c.-t., ghai, g., chen, k.y., 2000. differential effects of theaflavin monogallates on cell growth, apoptosis and cox-2 gene expression in cancerous versus normal cells. cancer res. 60, 6465-6471.]. we now extended the study by using pcr-based differential display to search for genes that were selectively induced by tf-2. here we rep ... | 2008 | 18992738 |
| an epidemiologic study of tongue lesions in 1901 iranian dental outpatients. | the aim of this study was to assess the frequency of nine tongue conditions and evaluate their relationship to oral hygiene status and personal habits in a northern iranian population. | 2008 | 18997919 |
| microwave heating of tea residue yields polysaccharides, polyphenols, and plant biopolyester. | microwave heating was used to produce aqueous-soluble components from green, oolong, and black tea residues. heating at 200-230 degrees c for 2 min extracted 40-50% of polysaccharides and 60-70% of the polyphenols. solubilization of arabinose and galactose by autohydrolysis occurred with heating above 170 degrees c, whereas heating above 200 degrees c was necessary to solubilize xylose. catechins were soluble in water by heating at low temperature (110 degrees c); however, new polyphenols having ... | 2008 | 18998700 |
| antioxidative and anti-carcinogenic activities of tea polyphenols. | tea (camellia sinensis, theaceace), a popular beverage consumed world-wide, has been studied for its preventive effects against cancer as well as cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and other diseases. most of the proposed beneficial effects have been attributed to the polyphenolic compounds in tea, but the nature of these activities and the molecular mechanisms of their actions remain unclear. tea polyphenols are known to be strong antioxidants. prevention of oxidative stress, modulation of carc ... | 2009 | 19002670 |
| in vitro and in vivo anti-allergic effects of 'benifuuki' green tea containing o-methylated catechin and ginger extract enhancement. | 'benifuuki', a tea (camellia sinensis l.) cultivar in japan, is rich in anti-allergic epigallocatechin-3-o-(3-o-methyl) gallate (egcg3''me). 'benifuuki' green tea and simultaneous addition of ginger extract remarkably suppressed cytokine (tnf-alpha and mip-1alpha) secretion from mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells after antigen stimulation and, as expected, suppressed delay-type allergy. after drinking 'benifuuki' green tea containing 43.5 mg of egcg and 8.5 mg of egcg3''me, the auc (area under ... | 2007 | 19003003 |
| effects of green, oolong and black teas and related components on the proliferation and invasion of hepatoma cells in culture. | the effects of teas and related components on the proliferation and invasion of cancer cells were examined by employing both in vitro proliferation and invasion assay systems. powdered green, oolong and black tea extracts dose-dependently inhibited proliferation and invasion of a rat ascites hepatoma cell line of ah109a but did not affect the proliferation of the normal mesentery-derived mesothelial cells (m-cells) isolated from rats; higher concentrations of powdered oolong and black teas could ... | 1999 | 19003122 |
| inhibition of hepatoma cell invasion beneath mesothelial-cell monolayer by sera from tea- and related component-treated rats and their modes of action. | the bioavailability and action of teas on the invasion of a rat ascites hepatoma cell line, ah109a, were determined and their modes of action were by co-culturing the cancer cells with a rat mesentery-derived mesothelial-cell (m-cell) monolayer in the presence of sera from rats orally given teas and their component, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg). the rat sera obtained 2 and 5 hr after oral intubation of a low concentration of green, oolong, or black tea, or egcg significantly inhibited ah1 ... | 2001 | 19003330 |
| caffeine content of brewed teas. | caffeine is the world's most popular drug and can be found in many beverages including tea. it is a psychostimulant that is widely used to enhance alertness and improve performance. this study was conducted to determine the concentration of caffeine in 20 assorted commercial tea products. the teas were brewed under a variety of conditions including different serving sizes and steep-times. caffeine was isolated from the teas with liquid-liquid extraction and quantitated by gas chromatography with ... | 2008 | 19007524 |
| long-term caffeine consumption reverses tumor-induced suppression of the innate immune response in adult mice. | caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine), the active principle alkaloid of coffee ( coffea arabica) and tea ( camellia sinensis) possesses a restraining effect on tumor-induced suppression of the specific immune response in adult mice. the present study deals with the effect of long-term consumption of caffeine in the development of ehrlich ascites carcinoma (eac) cells in adult swiss female mice, in relation to the innate immune response and tumor growth. although the consumption of caffeine alone fo ... | 2008 | 19016405 |
| an aqueous extract of green tea camellia sinensis increases expression of th1 cell-specific anti-asthmatic markers. | the present study provides evidence of the anti-asthmatic signaling activity of an aqueous fraction of green tea using specific in vitro and in vivo assays in an ovalbumin-induced asthmatic model. mice sensitized to ovalbumin were orally administered an aqueous extract of camellia sinensis. the lungs of these mice were then examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and elisa analysis to measure cytokine expression. the aqueous extract of camellia sinensis exhibited potent anti-asthmatic activit ... | 2008 | 19020774 |
| soft drink intake is associated with diet quality even among young japanese women with low soft drink intake. | unsweetened traditional japanese tea has long been the main beverage consumed in japan, with soft drinks only recently forming a part of people's diets. evidence suggests an association between soft drink intake and poor diet quality among youth in the united states. the association is not yet fully examined in the population with relatively low intake level of soft drinks such as the current japanese population. | 2008 | 19027402 |
| chemoprotective properties of rooibos (aspalathus linearis), honeybush (cyclopia intermedia) herbal and green and black (camellia sinensis) teas against cancer promotion induced by fumonisin b1 in rat liver. | the chemoprotective properties of unfermented and fermented rooibos (aspalathus linearis) and honeybush (cyclopia intermedia) herbal teas, and green and black teas (camellia sinensis) were investigated against fumonisin b1 (fb1) promotion in rat liver utilizing diethylnitrosamine (den) as cancer initiator. the various teas differently affected the clinical chemical parameters associated with liver and kidney damage associated with fb1 suggesting specific fb1/iron/polyphenolic interactions. green ... | 2009 | 19041360 |
| theaflavins from black tea, especially theaflavin-3-gallate, reduce the incorporation of cholesterol into mixed micelles. | tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world and may be associated with reduced heart disease rates. theaflavins, which are formed in the production of black tea, have been suggested being responsible for the blood-cholesterol-lowering (bcl) effects of tea. we hypothesized that the effect of theaflavins on bcl could be through interference in the formation of dietary mixed micelles, which could result in reduced intestinal cholesterol absorption. micelles were produced by mixing ... | 2008 | 19049290 |
| a study on toxicity of gasoline and gm-10 on liver of mice and it's amelioration by black tea extract. | the aim of present study is to investigate the ameliorative effect of black tea extract on gasoline and gm-10 induced toxicity in liver of mice. eighty healthy male mice weighing 38-40 g approximately were divided into eight groups which included untreated control and various treated groups. mice were treated with gasoline 462 mg/kg/day and gm-10 low dose (206 mg/kg/day) and high dose (412 mg/kg/day) subcutaneously for 30 days. black tea extract was given as 2 g/100 ml drinking water (2% w/v) in ... | 2008 | 19051608 |
| green tea (camellia sinensis) attenuates nephropathy by downregulating nox4 nadph oxidase in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats. | green tea (gt), through its antioxidant properties, may be useful to treat or prevent human diseases. because several lines of evidence suggest that oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, we tested the hypothesis that gt prevents diabetes and hypertension-related renal oxidative stress, attenuating renal injury. spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr) with streptozotocin-induced diabetes and nondiabetic shr were treated daily with tap water or freshly prepared gt ... | 2009 | 19056645 |
| inhibitory effect of tea polyphenols on hepatic preneoplastic foci in wistar rats. | tea (camellia sinensis) is one of the most widely used beverages worldwide and tea consumption has been shown to have an inverse correlation to the incidence of human cancers in epidemiological and experimental studies. in the present study, the protective effects of green tea polyphenols (gtp) and black tea polyphenols (btp) in wistar rats were assessed by medium-term bioassay, using altered hepatic foci (ahf) as end point. animals were exposed to a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (den; 200 m ... | 2008 | 19057850 |
| inhibition of mammalian thioredoxin reductase by black tea and its constituents: implications for anticancer actions. | black tea is recently reported to have anti-carcinogenic effects through pro-oxidant property, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. mammalian cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (trxr1) is well -known for its anti-oxidation activity. in this study, we found that black tea extract (bte) and theaflavins (tfs), the major black tea polyphenols, inhibited the purified trxr1 with ic(50) 44 microg/ml and 21+/-1 microg/ml, respectively. kinetics of tfs exhibited a mixed type of competitive and non- ... | 2009 | 19059456 |
| green tea, soy, and mammographic density in singapore chinese women. | there is increasing evidence from observational studies that breast cancer risk is inversely associated with soy and green tea consumption. we investigated the effects of these two dietary agents on mammographic density, a well-established biomarker for breast cancer risk, in a cross-sectional analysis of mammograms and validated food frequency questionnaires from 3,315 chinese women in singapore. percent mammographic density (pmd) was assessed using a reproducible computer-assisted method. we u ... | 2008 | 19064551 |
| insect pests of tea and their management. | globally, 1031 species of arthropods are associated with the intensively managed tea camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze monoculture. all parts of the plant, leaf, stem, root, flower, and seed, are fed upon by at least one pest species, resulting in an 11%-55% loss in yield if left unchecked. there has been heavy use of organosynthetic pesticides since the 1950s to defend the plant against these pests, leading to rapid conversion of innocuous species into pests, development of resistance, and undes ... | 2009 | 19067632 |
| the study of antioxidant and anticarcinogenic green tea and black tea. | tea is one of the most popular beverages consumed worldwide. the relationship between tea consumption and human cancer incidence is an important concern. the effect of tea extract and ingredients, polyphenol and caffeine on the mutagenicity of sodium azide was examined in vitro by using salmonella typhimurium ta100, ta98 and ta1535 in the presence of induced rat liver s9 fractions. experimental studies have demonstrated the significant antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects of both green and ... | 2007 | 19069905 |
| determination of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine and creatinine in murine and human urine by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: application to chemoprevention studies. | urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodg) represents a non-invasive biomarker for oxidative stress and may be useful for monitoring chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive interventions associated with cancer-related alterations in oxidative stress. we describe the development and validation of two separate liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (lc/ms/ms) selected reaction monitoring (srm) methods for the determination of 8-oxodg and creatinine in both murine and human urine us ... | 2009 | 19072863 |
| caging a beast in the inflammation arena: use of chinese medicinal herbs to inhibit a late mediator of lethal sepsis, hmgb1. | sepsis refers to a systemic inflammatory response syndrome resulting from a microbial infection, which kills > 225,000 people annually in the u.s. alone. the high mortality of sepsis is partly mediated by bacterial endotoxin, which stimulates macrophages/monocytes to sequentially release early (e.g., tnf) and late (e.g., hmgb1) pro-inflammatory cytokines. although early proinflammatory cytokines may be protective against infection, excessive accumulation of late-acting proinflammatory mediators ... | 2008 | 19079688 |
| accumulation of catechins in tea in relation to accumulation of mrna from genes involved in catechin biosynthesis. | catechins are a group of polyphenols found in tea (camellia sinensis var. sinensis) at high levels. they are beneficial for health. from the study on accumulation of catechins in shoots and mature leaves of a tea cultivar, oolong no. 17, using high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc), it was found that the amounts of most catechins in the shoots were higher than those in the mature leaves, with an exception of catechins gallate (cg) that was found in trace amounts in both the shoots and mat ... | 2009 | 19081728 |
| antihypercholesterolemic effect of chinese black tea extract in human subjects with borderline hypercholesterolemia. | a water-soluble extract of a traditional chinese black tea (pu-ehr) has been shown to precipitate mixed bile salt micelles in foods. in addition, long-term ingestion of this black tea extract (bte) significantly reduces blood cholesterol levels in rats. we investigated the effects of bte tablets (a formula designed to enhance compliance) as a dietary supplement in a 3-month double-blind randomized group comparison study in borderline hypercholesterolemic human subjects (n = 47). all subjects ing ... | 2008 | 19083445 |
| epigallocatechin gallate from green tea (camellia sinensis) increases lifespan and stress resistance in caenorhabditis elegans. | epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) is a major green tea polyphenol with pronounced antioxidative activity. the effects of egcg on lifespan and stress resistance in wild-type n2 and transgenic strains of caenorhabditis elegans [ hsp-16.2/gfp, mev-1(kn1), fem-1(hc17)] were investigated. the expression of hsp-16.2 (induced by the pro-oxidant juglone) and the intracellular levels of h (2)o (2) were inhibited by egcg treatment. daily administration of 220 mum egcg increased the mean lifespan by 10.14 % ... | 2009 | 19085685 |
| green and black tea are equally potent stimuli of no production and vasodilation: new insights into tea ingredients involved. | epidemiological studies suggest that consumption of tea is associated with beneficial cardiovascular effects. since different types of tea are consumed throughout the world, a question of much interest is whether green tea is superior to black tea in terms of cardiovascular protection. we therefore compared the effects of green and black tea on nitric oxide (no) production and vasodilation and elucidated the tea compounds involved. we chose a highly fermented black tea and determined concentrati ... | 2009 | 19101751 |
| in vitro anti-adhesive activity of green tea extract against pathogen adhesion. | camellia sinensis polysaccharide has been reported to possess anti-adhesive activity against pathogens. the present study was designed to investigate whether hot water extracts obtained from green tea leaves might inhibit pathogen adhesion to human or mouse cell lines. green tea extract-4 (csi-4) with the maximum yield of 4% (w/v) is composed of a major proportion of carbohydrates containing 40% uronic acids, but lack of catechins. it showed strong inhibitory activities against hemagglutination ... | 2009 | 19107860 |
| higher regular coffee and tea consumption is associated with reduced endometrial cancer risk. | several studies have investigated the associations between diet and endometrial cancer, but few have focused specifically on coffee and tea. in a hospital-based case-control study, we examined the associations between endometrial cancer risk and usual consumption of coffee, decaffeinated coffee, and black tea among 541 women with endometrial cancer and 541 women with an intact uterus but without a cancer diagnosis seen at roswell park cancer institute (buffalo, new york) between 1982 and 1998. d ... | 2009 | 19107932 |
| effects of green and black tea biocomposites on endogenous synthesis, metabolism and genotoxic effect of carcinogenic n-nitrosodimethylamine. | to study the modifying effect of green and black tea biocomposites on endogenous synthesis and genotoxic action of the carcinogenic n-nitrosodimethylamine. | 2008 | 19112429 |
| delayed effects of coffee, tea and sucrose on postprandial glycemia in lean, young, healthy adults. | in observational studies, habitual coffee consumption has been linked to a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. we hy-pothesized that the mechanism may be related to delayed effects on postprandial glycemia. the aim of this study is to investigate the glycemic and insulinemic effects of consumption of caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee, sweetened and unsweetened, tea and sucrose, 1 h prior to a high carbohydrate meal. on separate occasions in random order, lean young healthy subjects (n = 8) consume ... | 2008 | 19114405 |
| residues of lambda-cyhalothrin in tea. | field experiments were conducted at two places in tamil nadu (india) during dry season of 2006 to determine the residues of lambda-cyhalothrin in fresh green tea leaves and black tea. residues were quantified at different harvest intervals of '0' (3h), 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th and 14th day after insecticide application. persistence, dissipation pattern, half-life value and safe harvest interval of the insecticide in tea were calculated. residues of lambda-cyhalothrin dissipated exponentially aft ... | 2009 | 19116161 |
| interaction between warfarin and black tea. | 2009 | 19126824 | |
| modulation of aromatase activity by diet polyphenolic compounds. | estrogens are involved in physiological actions related to reproduction, body fat distribution, and maintenance of bone mass and are also related to the pathogenesis of estrogen-dependent cancers. the aim of this work was to study the effect of polyphenols on estrogen synthesis. the effect of polyphenols and polyphenolic-rich beverages on aromatase activity was tested in jar cells (a choriocarcinoma cell line) through the tritiated water release assay. some of the tested polyphenols inhibited es ... | 2006 | 19127721 |
| green tea, black tea consumption and risk of lung cancer: a meta-analysis. | studies investigating the association of green tea and black tea consumption with lung cancer risk have reported inconsistent findings. to provide a quantitative assessment of this association, we conducted a meta-analysis on the topic. studies were identified by a literature search in pubmed from 1966 to november 2008 and by searching the reference lists of relevant studies. summary relative risk (rr) estimates and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (cis) were calculated based on rand ... | 2009 | 19128856 |
| separation of proanthocyanidins isolated from tea leaves using high-speed counter-current chromatography. | the proanthocyanidin extract from tea (camellia sinensis) leaves was purified for the further study of the biological role of proanthocyanidins in blister blight leaf disease of tea, which is caused by the fungus exobasidium vexans. an aqueous acetone extract of proanthocyanidins prepared from healthy tea leaves was partially purified using sephadex lh-20 chromatography. the crude proanthocyanidin extract obtained was fractionated with high-speed counter-current chromatography (hsccc) using the ... | 2009 | 19136115 |
| trapping effects of green and black tea extracts on peroxidation-derived carbonyl substances of seal blubber oil. | green and black tea extracts were employed to stabilize seal blubber oil at 60 degrees c for 140 h. on the basis of the headspace spme-gc-ms analysis, with the addition of green/black tea extracts, the contents of acetaldehyde, acrolein, malondialdehyde, and propanal, four major lipid peroxidation products, were reduced. the inhibition rates of acrolein formation by green tea and black tea extracts were 98.40 and 96.41% respectively, and were 99.17 and 98.16% for malondialdehyde, respectively, m ... | 2009 | 19154106 |
| study on discrimination of roast green tea (camellia sinensis l.) according to geographical origin by ft-nir spectroscopy and supervised pattern recognition. | rapid discrimination of roast green tea according to geographical origin is crucial to quality control. fourier transform near-infrared (ft-nir) spectroscopy and supervised pattern recognition was attempted to discriminate chinese green tea according to geographical origins (i.e. anhui province, henan province, jiangsu province, and zhejiang province) in this work. four supervised pattern recognitions methods were used to construct the discrimination models based on principal component analysis ... | 2009 | 19155188 |
| [liver injury induced by "natural remedies": an analysis of cases submitted to the spanish liver toxicity registry]. | toxic liver damage associated with the use of natural remedies is a growing health problem. | 2008 | 19159172 |
| in vitro comparison of visual and computer-aided pre- and post-tooth shade determination using various home bleaching procedures. | due to inter- and intraexaminer differences, subjective evaluation of tooth color is deemed problematic. | 2009 | 19167533 |
| in vitro inhibition of helicobacter pylori urease with non and semi fermented camellia sinensis. | helicobacter pylori is the etiological agent in duodenal and peptic ulcers. the growing problem of antibiotic resistance by the organism demands the search for novel compounds, especially from natural sources. this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of camellia sinensis extracts on the urease enzyme that is a major colonization factor for h. pylori. | 2009 | 19172056 |
| coffee and green tea as a large source of antioxidant polyphenols in the japanese population. | food and beverages rich in polyphenols with antioxidant activity are highlighted as a potential factor for risk reduction of lifestyle related diseases. this study was conducted to elucidate total polyphenol consumption from beverages in japanese people. total polyphenol (tp) contents in beverages were measured using a modified folin-ciocalteu method removing the interference of reduced sugars by using reverse-phase column chromatography. a beverage consumption survey was conducted in the tokyo ... | 2009 | 19187022 |
| the ameliorative effect of black tea extract and quercetin on bisphenol a-induced cytotoxicity. | the purpose of our study was, to explore the possible ameliorating effects of black tea extract and quercetin, against bisphenol a-induced cytotoxicity. for this, human red blood corpuscles (rbc) were taken as the model. blood samples collected in edta vials from healthy adults were used for preparation of rbc suspension. this suspension was treated with bisphenol a (0-150 microg/ml) with and without black tea extract or quercetin (0-200 microg/ml). the results showed that addition of bisphenol ... | 2009 | 19226967 |
| [historical consideration of tea trees and tea flowers, especially regarding the use of tea flowers as food]. | not only tea leaves, but also many kinds of plants have been used as tea, even those plants not belonging to camellia sinensis, and they should be called "tea out of tea" in the lucidophyllous forest zone. generally, the tea leaf is drank after being decocted (almost boiled). the growth distribution of tea ranges in a belt-like zone of 30-40 degrees north latitude. therefore, tea might have grown wild as "yamacha (mountain tea)" from ancient times in japan as well as china. the first recored of ... | 2008 | 19227653 |
| [consumption of tea among population on the far north of russia]. | aim of present study was the getting data on tea and coffee consumption among population on the far north by 24-hour recall of dietary intake. about 84% of population have consumed the black tea. mean daily black and green tea intake among all population were 335 ml and 49 ml, correspondingly. | 2008 | 19227859 |
| green and black tea consumption and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis. | experimental models of stroke provide consistent evidence of smaller stroke volumes in animals ingesting tea components or tea extracts. to assess whether a similar association of black or green tea consumption with reduced risk is evident in human populations, we sought to identify and summarize all human clinical and observational data on tea and stroke. | 2009 | 19228856 |
| a comparison of aluminum levels in tea products from hong kong markets and in varieties of tea plants from hong kong and india. | this study project aimed to investigate the concentrations of aluminum (al) in tea products available in hong kong markets. tea samples consisting of 47 different tea bags and 28 samples of tea leaves were analysed for concentrations of al. all tea samples released al (0.70-5.93 mg l(-1)) during a standard infusion period. in comparison to the joint fao/who provisional tolerable weekly intake guideline of 7 mg al kg(-1) body weight, it was concluded that tea made with these tea leaves will not i ... | 2009 | 19230955 |
| centrifugal precipitation chromatography, a powerful technique for the isolation of active enzymes from tea leaves (camellia sinensis). | centrifugal precipitation chromatography was developed approximately 10 years ago. in contrast to other counter-current chromatographic techniques, the centrifugal precipitation chromatography system is operated with two mutually miscible solutions separated by a cut-off membrane. centrifugal precipitation chromatography was firstly introduced for the separation of proteins using an ammonium sulfate gradient. in this study we describe a novel approach using solvent-based protein precipitation fo ... | 2009 | 19233373 |
| biogenic synthesis of au and ag nanoparticles using aqueous solutions of black tea leaf extracts. | we explored the application of three different aqueous solutions derived from black tea leaf extracts in the synthesis of au and ag nanoparticles. the plain tea leaf broth, as well as that containing the ethyl acetate extract of tea leaves, were found to be extremely efficient, leading to rapid formation of stable nanoparticles of various shapes: spheres, trapezoids, prisms and rods. for a given metal ion precursor, the kinetics of particle synthesis were remarkably similar in these two solution ... | 2009 | 19250808 |
| long-term tea intake is associated with reduced prevalence of (type 2) diabetes mellitus among elderly people from mediterranean islands: medis epidemiological study. | we sought to evaluate the link between long-term tea intake and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, in a sample of elderly adults. | 2009 | 19259345 |
| separation of catechins and methylxanthines in tea samples by capillary electrochromatography. | in this paper, the simultaneous separation of several polyphenols such as (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, theophylline, caffeine in green and black teas by capillary electrochromatography (cec) was developed. several experimental parameters such as stationary phase type, mobile phase composition, buffer and ph, inner diameter of the columns, sample injection, were evaluated to obtain the complete separation of the analysed compounds. baseline resolution of the studied polyph ... | 2009 | 19266552 |
| regulation of cell growth through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in hpv 16 positive human cervical cancer cells by tea polyphenols. | cervical cancer is the second most common malignant neoplasm in women, in terms of both incidence and mortality rates worldwide. the polyphenolic constituents of tea (camellia sinensis) have gained considerable attention because of its anti-cancer properties against a variety of cancers. here we studied the effects of green and black tea polyphenols (gtp and btp), on cellular proliferation and cell death in the siha cells (human cervical cancer) expressing the human papilloma virus (hpv)-16. the ... | 2010 | 19271153 |
| evaluation of free radical-scavenging and antihemolytic activities of quince (cydonia oblonga) leaf: a comparative study with green tea (camellia sinensis). | this study aimed to determine the phenolic profile and to investigate the antioxidant potential of quince (cydonia oblonga) leaf, comparing it with green tea (camellia sinensis). for these purposes, methanolic extracts were prepared and phenolics content of quince leaf was determined by hplc/uv. the antioxidant properties were assessed by folin-ciocalteu reducing capacity assay and by the ability to quench the stable free radical 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) and to inhibit the 2,2'-azob ... | 2009 | 19271320 |
| protective action of aqueous black tea (camellia sinensis) extract (bte) against ovariectomy-induced oxidative stress of mononuclear cells and its associated progression of bone loss. | the protective action of aqueous black tea extract (bte) against ovariectomy-induced oxidative stress of mononuclear cells and its associated progression of bone loss was demonstrated in this study. eighteen female adult 6-month-old wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham-control (a), bilaterally ovariectomized (b) and bilaterally ovariectomized + bte supplemented (c). studies included the measurement of oxidative (nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation) and antioxidative (superoxide d ... | 2009 | 19277962 |
| comparison of peroxyl radical scavenging capacity of commonly consumed beverages. | the antioxidant potential of commercial beverages against peroxyl radical was determined using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (tosc) assay. peroxyl radicals generated from thermal homolysis of 2,2'-azobis-amidinopropane oxidize alpha-keto-gamma-methiolbutyric acid to ethylene, which is monitored by gas chromatography. the tosc of each beverage is quantified from its ability to inhibit ethylene generation relative to a control reaction. nine different beverages (green tea, jasmine tea, ... | 2009 | 19280160 |
| jaundice as a misadventure of a green tea (camellia sinensis) lover : a case report. | the case of a 76-year-old retired surgeon and lover of green tea (camellia sinensis) infusions who developed a clinical, sero-biochemical and histological picture of severe subacute hepatitis is reported. the clinical presentation was that of jaundice with asthenia and weight loss. abnormal liver function tests were associated with hyper-gammaglobulinemia, and the transient presence of anti-smooth-muscle antibodies and anca. liver histology showed mixed features of lobular hepatitis with central ... | 2016 | 19317284 |
| characterization of pu-erh tea using chemical and metabolic profiling approaches. | in this study, the chemical constituents of pu-erh tea, black tea, and green tea, as well as those of pu-erh tea products of different ages, were analyzed and compared using a chemical profiling approach. differences in tea processing resulted in differences in the chemical constituents and the color of tea infusions. human biological responses to pu-erh tea ingestion were also studied by using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (uplc-qtofms) in co ... | 2009 | 19320437 |
| tea drinking habits and oesophageal cancer in a high risk area in northern iran: population based case-control study. | to investigate the association between tea drinking habits in golestan province, northern iran, and risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. | 2009 | 19325180 |
| fluoride levels in various black tea, herbal and fruit infusions consumed in turkey. | the fluoride contents were determined by ion-selective electrode in 26 black tea samples originally produced in turkey, sri lanka, india and kenya, and in 14 herbal and seven fruit infusions originated from turkey. fluoride content in black tea infusions ranged from 0.57 to 3.72 mg/l after 5 min of brewing. higher fluoride levels were found in black teas originated from turkey when compared with teas originated from sri lanka. moreover higher fluoride levels were determined in black tea bags com ... | 2009 | 19345715 |
| effect of aqueous extracts of black and green teas in arsenic-induced toxicity in rabbits. | arsenic causes oxidative stress in the body. its administration (3 mg/kg/day) for 14 days in rabbits resulted in a significant reduction of whole blood glutathione (gsh), and elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars) and the index of nitrite/nitrate (nox) levels. these are the markers of oxidative stress. both black tea (bt) and green tea (gt) (camellia sinensis), when administered to the arsenic-treated rabbits for 14 days, caused a significant elevation of the depleted gsh l ... | 2009 | 19370537 |
| phenotyping tea consumers by nutrikinetic analysis of polyphenolic end-metabolites. | an integration of metabolomics and pharmacokinetics (or nutrikinetics) is introduced as a concept to describe a human study population with different metabolic phenotypes following a nutritional intervention. the approach facilitates an unbiased analysis of the time-response of body fluid metabolites from crossover designed intervention trials without prior knowledge of the underlying metabolic pathways. the method is explained for the case of a human intervention study in which the nutrikinetic ... | 2009 | 19374449 |
| [toxic hepatitis due to camellia sinensis: an emerging problem]. | 2009 | 19375821 | |
| co2 assimilation, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, carbohydrates and photosynthetic electron transport probed by the jip-test, of tea leaves in response to phosphorus supply. | although the effects of p deficiency on tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze) growth, p uptake and utilization as well as leaf gas exchange and chl a fluorescence have been investigated, very little is known about the effects of p deficiency on photosynthetic electron transport, photosynthetic enzymes and carbohydrates of tea leaves. in this study, own-rooted 10-month-old tea trees were supplied three times weekly for 17 weeks with 500 ml of nutrient solution at a p concentration of 0, 40, 80, ... | 2009 | 19379526 |
| differential display mediated cloning of anthocyanidin reductase gene from tea (camellia sinensis) and its relationship with the concentration of epicatechins. | tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] leaves are a major source of epicatechin (ec) and its gallolyl derivatives epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin gallate, collectively known as epicatechins (ecs). epicatechins are important factors determining tea quality, and they also possess many medicinal properties. to gain further information about the regulation of the biosynthesis of ecs, we cloned the gene encoding anthocyanidin reductase from tea (csanr) by first quantifying ... | 2009 | 19380395 |
| polyphenolic beverages reduce initial bacterial adherence to enamel in situ. | polyphenols are antibacterial and anti-oxidative natural agents. the present in situ study aimed to investigate the effect of different polyphenolic beverages on initial bacterial adherence to enamel in the oral cavity. | 2009 | 19394124 |
| anti-cariogenic effects of polyphenols from plant stimulant beverages (cocoa, coffee, tea). | polyphenols occurring in cocoa, coffee and tea can have a role in the prevention of cariogenic processes, due to their antibacterial action. cocoa polyphenol pentamers significantly reduce biofilm formation and acid production by streptococcus mutans and s. sanguinis. in the same way, trigonelline, caffeine and chlorogenic acid occurring in green and roasted coffee interfere with s. mutans adsorption to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads. studies carried out on green, oolong and black tea indica ... | 2009 | 19397954 |
| a thought on the biological activities of black tea. | tea is the most widely used ancient beverage in the world and black tea possesses many biological effects on the organisms. it acts as an effective antioxidant because of its free radical-scavenging and metal-chelating ability. due to this, it is active against inflammation, clastogenesis, and several types of cancer. tea reduces dna damage and mutagenesis due to oxidative stress or the presence of pro-mutagens through antioxidant function, blocking activation pathways of mutagens, suppressing t ... | 2009 | 19399668 |
| paenibacillus pueri sp. nov., isolated from pu'er tea. | pu'er tea is a fermented drink made from the leaves of the tea plant, camellia sinensis. two novel bacteria, designated strains b09i-3(t) and b13i-1, were isolated during the process of fermentation of this tea. these isolates were gram-positive, endospore-forming, motile rods that grew at 25-42 degrees c and ph 5.5-10.4. the dna g+c content was 56.6-58.4 mol%, the predominant isoprenoid quinone was mk-7 and the predominant cellular fatty acid was anteiso-c(15 : 0) (49.0-50 % of the total). phyl ... | 2009 | 19406782 |
| antifungal activity of black tea polyphenols (catechins and theaflavins) against candida species. | the polyphenols catechins and theaflavins in black tea have been shown to possess many medicinal properties, including anticancer activity and some antifungal characteristics, but there have been few studies of their anti-candida activity. in this paper we report the results of our study of the anti-candida activity of tea polyphenols. | 2009 | 19420933 |
| hepatoprotective and curative properties of kombucha tea against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity. | kombucha tea (kt) is sugared black tea fermented with a symbiotic culture of acetic acid bacteria and yeasts, which is said to be tea fungus. kt is claimed to have various beneficial effects on human health, but there is very little scientific evidence available in the literature. in the present study, kt along with black tea (bt) and black tea manufactured with tea fungus enzymes (enzyme-processed tea, et) was evaluated for hepatoprotective and curative properties against ccl4-induced toxicity, ... | 2009 | 19420997 |
| effects of sri lankan black tea (camellia sinensis l.) on pregnancy of rats. | the aim of this study was to demonstrate the potential effects of black tea brew of camellia sinensis using sri lankan high grown dust grade no. 1 tea on pregnancy outcome of rats when exposed during early (days 1-7), mid (days 8-14) and late (days 15-21) pregnancy of rats. different doses of black tea brew (mg/ml/day) was orally administered daily during this period to separate groups of rats (n = 6/group): 84 (equivalent to 1.5 cups), 167 (3 cups), 501 (9 cups), and 1336 (24 cups). the results ... | 2009 | 19422356 |
| effect of black tea on histological and immunohistochemical changes in pancreatic tissues of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice (mus musculus). | the aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of hot water extract of black tea in regenerating beta cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. light microscopic examination of pancreatic sections of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice showed the acinar cells to be small, shrunken, and with deteriorated beta cells. the dose of streptozotocin not only altered the function of beta cells but also damaged the acinar region. the changes in acinar cells were coarsening of endoplasmic ret ... | 2009 | 19425072 |
| identification, characterization and utilization of unigene derived microsatellite markers in tea (camellia sinensis l.). | despite great advances in genomic technology observed in several crop species, the availability of molecular tools such as microsatellite markers has been limited in tea (camellia sinensis l.). the development of microsatellite markers will have a major impact on genetic analysis, gene mapping and marker assisted breeding. unigene derived microsatellite (ugms) markers identified from publicly available sequence database have the advantage of assaying variation in the expressed component of the g ... | 2009 | 19426565 |
| green tea catechins, alleviate hepatic lipidemic-oxidative injury in wistar rats fed an atherogenic diet. | in the present study, the efficacy of green tea catechins (gtc from the plant camellia sinensis), with epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), as the major component, was studied in relation to hepatic oxidative abnormalities in atherosclerotic rats. when male albino wistar rats were fed an atherogenic diet for 30 days and then treated with saline for 7 or 15 days, there was a significant decline in hepatic mean activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase a ... | 2009 | 19428341 |
| coffee, black tea and risk of gastric cancer. | to provide information about the association of coffee, black tea with gastric cancer risk. | 2009 | 19430969 |
| aspergillus acidus from puerh tea and black tea does not produce ochratoxin a and fumonisin b2. | puerh tea is a unique chinese fermented tea. unlike other teas it is stored for a long period of time. aspergillus niger is claimed to be the dominant microorganism in the puerh tea manufacturing process and also to be common on tea in general. a. niger sensu stricto is known to produce the mycotoxins ochratoxin a, fumonisins b(2) and b(4). with this in mind, we performed a preliminary study to determine if production of these mycotoxins by black aspergilli isolated from puerh and black tea can ... | 2009 | 19439385 |
| phenolic contribution of south african herbal teas to a healthy diet. | south african herbal teas, rooibos and honeybush, are increasingly enjoyed as healthy alternatives to camellia sinensis teas. they contribute to the diet with bioactive phytochemicals not commonly found in foods. major compounds of rooibos are the unique dihydrochalcone, aspalathin, and its flavone isomers, orientin and isoorientin. honeybush contributes the xanthones, mangiferin and isomangiferin and the flavanones, eriocitrin, narirutin and hesperidin. all these compounds are either c-glucosid ... | 2009 | 19445319 |
| a csgs is regulated at transcriptional level during developmental stages and nitrogen utilization in camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze. | glutamine synthetase is a very important enzyme of ammonium assimilation in plants. here, we report on the regulation of a cytosolic glutamine synthetase (csgs) from camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze during developmental stages and light/dark conditions on the utilization of nitrate and ammonia. the csgs expression levels decreased during dormancy compared to non-dormancy phase of growth. different leaf positions present different ages of the leaf and csgs expression level was highest in apical b ... | 2010 | 19449127 |
| ft-ir methodology for quality control of arabinogalactan protein (agp) extracted from green tea (camellia sinensis ). | a rapid methodology of quality control was developed for arabinogalactan proteins (agp) extracted and purified from green tea. using the vectorial angle method and ir spectrum analysis, the 1200-800 cm(-1) region in second-derivative ir spectra was determined as the key fingerprinting region of green tea agp, with the 1090-900 cm(-1) region reflecting their conservative and common characteristics. in fact, the key monosaccharides, galactose (gal) and arabinose (ara), were shown to have intense p ... | 2009 | 19456132 |
| a case of kombucha tea toxicity. | kombucha "mushroom'' tea is touted to have medicinal properties. here, we present a case of hyperthermia, lactic acidosis, and acute renal failure within 15 hours of kombucha tea ingestion. | 2009 | 19460826 |
| caffeine biosynthesis and degradation in tea [camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze] is under developmental and seasonal regulation. | to study caffeine biosynthesis and degradation, here we monitored caffeine synthase gene expression and caffeine and allantoin content in various tissues of four camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze cultivars during non-dormant (nd) and dormant (d) growth phases. caffeine synthase expression as well as caffeine content was found to be higher in commercially utilized tissues like apical bud, 1st leaf, 2nd leaf, young stem, and was lower in old leaf during nd compared to d growth phase. among fruit pa ... | 2009 | 19479388 |