Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| the human vaginal bacterial biota and bacterial vaginosis. | the bacterial biota of the human vagina can have a profound impact on the health of women and their neonates. changes in the vaginal microbiota have been associated with several adverse health outcomes including premature birth, pelvic inflammatory disease, and acquisition of hiv infection. cultivation-independent molecular methods have provided new insights regarding bacterial diversity in this important niche, particularly in women with the common condition bacterial vaginosis (bv). pcr method ... | 2009 | 19282975 |
| [septic shock caused by gardnerella vaginalis and peptostreptococcus species after cesarean section]. | a 41-year old multisectio patient got a life-threatening postoperative infection with gardnerella vaginalis and peptostreptococcus spp. perioperative treatment with cefuroxime and metronidazol is recommended. | 2009 | 19284925 |
| does progesterone inhibit bacteria-stimulated interleukin-8 production by lower genital tract epithelial cells? | progesterone (p(4)) has been clinically shown to prevent the recurrence of preterm birth. the mechanism(s) of action is unclear, but may involve modulation of the immunologic inflammatory response of the lower genital tract. we evaluated the effects of p(4) on interleukin-8 (il-8) production by vaginal and cervical epithelial cells stimulated with bacterial species that are commonly associated with preterm birth. | 2009 | 19290856 |
| retinal vasculitis associated with asymptomatic gardnerella vaginalis infection: a new clinical entity. | to report on 3 cases of retinal vasculitis associated with asymptomatic gardnerella vaginalis (gv) infection. | 2009 | 19294572 |
| simultaneous identification of 14 genital microorganisms in urine by use of a multiplex pcr-based reverse line blot assay. | the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a sensitive method for the simultaneous identification of 14 urogenital potential pathogens. a multiplex pcr-based reverse line blot (mpcr/rlb) assay was developed to detect 14 urogenital pathogens or putative pathogens, namely trichomonas vaginalis, streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, ureaplasma parvum, u. urealyticum, gardnerella vaginalis, haemophilus influenzae, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) and hsv2, ... | 2009 | 19357202 |
| antibody-based detection and inhibition of vaginolysin, the gardnerella vaginalis cytolysin. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most common vaginal infection worldwide and is associated with significant adverse sequelae. we have recently characterized vaginolysin (vly), the human-specific cytotoxin produced by gardnerella vaginalis and believed to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of bv and its associated morbidities. we hypothesize that novel antibody-based strategies may be useful for detection of vly and for inhibition of its toxic effects on human cells. using purified toxin as ... | 2009 | 19370149 |
| oleate lipase activity in gardnerella vaginalis and reconsideration of existing biotype schemes. | gardnerella vaginalis is a facultative gram positive organism that requires subculture every 1-2 days to maintain viability. it has been linked with bacterial vaginosis (bv), a syndrome that has been associated with increased risk for preterm delivery, pelvic inflammatory disease and hiv acquisition. about 10% of the g. vaginalis isolates have been reported to produce sialidase, but there have not been any studies relating sialidase production and biotype. sialidase activity is dramatically incr ... | 2009 | 19386125 |
| bacterial vaginosis: an overview for 2009. | bacterial vaginosis has been appreciated as a unique clinical entity for well over 50 years. its essential manifestations are well established: a loss of the normal bacterial population of the vagina and their replacement by other species. investigations into this condition have led to a better understanding of its prevalence and epidemiology. microbiologic and biochemical studies have exposed the remarkably complex pathophysiologic events that occur with bacterial vaginosis. several major morbi ... | 2009 | 19399292 |
| microflora of the penile skin-lined neovagina of transsexual women. | the microflora of the penile skin-lined neovagina in male-to-female transsexuals is a recently created microbial niche which thus far has been characterized only to a very limited extent. yet the knowledge of this microflora can be considered as essential to the follow-up of transsexual women. the primary objective of this study was to map the neo-vaginal microflora in a group of 50 transsexual women for whom a neovagina was constructed by means of the inverted penile skin flap technique. second ... | 2009 | 19457233 |
| comparison of oral and vaginal metronidazole for treatment of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: impact on fastidious bacteria. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common condition that is associated with preterm birth and acquisition of complex communities of vaginal bacteria that include several fastidious species. treatment of bv in pregnancy has mixed effects on the risk of preterm delivery, which some hypothesize is due to variable antibiotic efficacy for the fastidious bacteria. both oral and intravaginal metronidazole can be used to treat bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy, but little is known about the impact of differen ... | 2009 | 19515236 |
| vertebral osteomyelitis and discitis due to gardnerella vaginalis. | gardnerella vaginalis is a facultative anaerobic gram-variable pleomorphic rod that forms part of the normal vaginal flora. it is most commonly associated with infection of the genital tract in women, but recognition of extravaginal g. vaginalis infection is becoming more frequent. we describe an unusual case of g. vaginalis vertebral osteomyelitis and discitis in a 38-year-old woman with no apparent predisposing factors. | 2009 | 19541786 |
| in vitro activity of secnidazole against atopobium vaginae, an anaerobic pathogen involved in bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis is a polymicrobial syndrome. the most important marker for bacterial vaginosis is the presence of gardnerella vaginalis and atopobium vaginae. in this study, the in vitro susceptibilities to metronidazole and secnidazole of 16 strains of a. vaginae were tested with the agar dilution method. we observed an mic range for metronidazole of 4-64 mg/l (mic(50), 8 mg/l; mic(90), 32 mg/l) and an mic range for secnidazole of 4-128 mg/l (mic(50), 16 mg/l; mic(90), 64 mg/l). according t ... | 2010 | 19548924 |
| colonization of gardnerella vaginalis in semen of infertile men: prevalence, influence on sperm characteristics, relationship with leukocyte concentration and clinical significance. | to determine the prevalence of gardnerella vaginalis in semen from infertile men and their negative effects on semen quality. | 2009 | 19602896 |
| changes in genital anatomy and microbiology in girls between age 6 and age 12 years: a longitudinal study. | to study changes in genital anatomy and occurrence of human papillomavirus and gardnerella vaginalis in girls resulting from growth and development. | 2010 | 19643638 |
| gardnerella infection as distinguished from cervical dysbacteriosis: the advantageous spin-off of cervical screening. | to evaluate cytologic diagnoses of dysbacteriosis and gardnerella infection and to obtain insight into the diagnostic problems of gardnerella. | 2009 | 19697722 |
| multiplex detection of bacteria associated with normal microbiota and with bacterial vaginosis in vaginal swabs by use of oligonucleotide-coupled fluorescent microspheres. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a recurrent condition that is associated with a range of negative outcomes, including the acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted diseases, preterm births, and pelvic inflammatory disease. in contrast to the lactobacillus-dominated normal vaginal microbiota, bv is characterized by a lack of lactobacilli and an abundance of anaerobic and gram-negative organisms, including gardnerella vaginalis and atopobium vaginae. to date, the labor ... | 2009 | 19794034 |
| inflammatory events as detected in cervical smears and squamous intraepithelial lesions. | the dutch cytological coding system, kopac, enables to code for eight inflammatory events, that is koilocytosis (related to human papillomavirus (hpv)), trichomonas, dysbacteriosis [related to bacterial vaginosis (bv)], candida, gardnerella, actinomyces, chlamydia, and non-specific inflammation (leucocytosis). this study presents an analysis of 1,008,879 smears. of each smear, the age of the woman and the reason for smear taking (screening or indication) was available. the cytoscores (per mille) ... | 2010 | 19795485 |
| treatment and management of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy: current and future perspectives. | bacterial vaginosis accounts for the majority of cases of vaginal discharge and has been consistently linked to an increased risk of preterm delivery. bacterial vaginosis is characterized by the reduced number or absence of hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacillus spp., which promotes the overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria, including gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis, bacteroides spp., and mobiluncus spp. black race, higher-risk sexual activity, frequent vaginal douching and the substanti ... | 2006 | 19803898 |
| bacterial vaginosis: a cause of infertility? | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common disorder of the genital tract in women characterized by an alteration of the normal acidic lactobacilli-predominant vaginal ecosystem to a vaginal environment dominated by gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma species and anaerobes, with an increase in ph. the present study evaluated whether bv is associated with reproductive complications in women. bv was screened with a gram stain of vaginal smear and interpretation was done using the nugent score. wet mount an ... | 2009 | 19833694 |
| analysis of adherence, biofilm formation and cytotoxicity suggests a greater virulence potential of gardnerella vaginalis relative to other bacterial-vaginosis-associated anaerobes. | worldwide, bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most common vaginal disorder in women of childbearing age. bv is characterized by a dramatic shift in the vaginal microflora, involving a relative decrease in lactobacilli, and a proliferation of anaerobes. in most cases of bv, the predominant bacterial species found is gardnerella vaginalis. however, pure cultures of g. vaginalis do not always result in bv, and asymptomatic women are sometimes colonized with low numbers of g. vaginalis. thus, there is ... | 2010 | 19910411 |
| in vitro inhibitory activity of human vaginal lactobacilli against pathogenic bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis in kenyan women. | lactobacilli have been shown to inhibit in vitro growth of many pathogens and have been used as probiotics to treat a broad range of gastrointestinal and/or vaginal disorders. we sought to determine the in vitro inhibitory potential of lactobacilli of vaginal origin to some bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis (bv), to characterize the inhibitory substances produced by these lactobacilli and to assess h2o2 production. vaginal specimens were obtained by swabbing the lateral vaginal walls ... | 2010 | 19925874 |
| comparison of main lactobacillus species between healthy women and women with bacterial vaginosis. | the normal microbial flora of the vagina plays an important role in preventing genital and urinary tract infections in women. thus an accurate understanding of the composition and ecology of the ecosystem is important to understanding the etiology of these diseases. this study aimed to compare the characteristics of main lactobacillus species between healthy women and women with bacterial vaginosis (bv) by quantitative culture and pcr methods. main lactobacillus species include l. crispatus, l. ... | 2009 | 19951608 |
| glycerol monolaurate inhibits candida and gardnerella vaginalis in vitro and in vivo but not lactobacillus. | we investigated the effects of glycerol monolaurate (gml) on lactobacillus, candida, and gardnerella vaginalis human vaginal microflora. our previous work demonstrated that 6 months of gml treatment vaginally does not alter lactobacillus counts in monkeys. candida and g. vaginalis are commonly associated with vaginal infections in women, many becoming chronic or recurrent. in vitro growth inhibition studies determined the effects of gml (0 to 500 microg/ml) against multiple candida species and g ... | 2010 | 20008774 |
| high vaginal concentrations of atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis in women undergoing preterm labor. | to estimate the relationship between vaginal quantification of the main microorganisms related with bacterial vaginosis and the risk of preterm delivery among women with preterm labor. | 2010 | 20027045 |
| metronidazole is still the drug of choice for treatment of anaerobic infections. | metronidazole has been used for the treatment of infections for >45 years and is still successfully used for the treatment of trichomoniasis, amoebiasis, and giardiasis. anaerobic bacterial infections caused by bacteroides species, fusobacteria, and clostridia respond favorably to metronidazole therapy. good clinical results in the treatment of vaginosis due to gardnerella vaginalis have also been reported. rates of resistance to metronidazole are still generally low; however, several studies ha ... | 2010 | 20067388 |
| individual and co-operative roles of lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide in the killing activity of enteric strain lactobacillus johnsonii ncc933 and vaginal strain lactobacillus gasseri ks120.1 against enteric, uropathogenic and vaginosis-associated pathogens. | the mechanism underlying the killing activity of lactobacillus strains against bacterial pathogens appears to be multifactorial. here, we investigate the respective contributions of hydrogen peroxide and lactic acid in killing bacterial pathogens associated with the human vagina, urinary tract or intestine by two hydrogen peroxide-producing strains. in co-culture, the human intestinal strain lactobacillus johnsonii ncc933 and human vaginal strain lactobacillus gasseri ks120.1 strains killed ente ... | 2010 | 20082639 |
| prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis infection in women attending a major gynaecological hospital in greece: a cross-sectional study. | the prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis is not accurately estimated, since it is not a reportable disease. | 2010 | 20203225 |
| [vaginal ectopia of urethra as a cause of chronic recurrent cystitis in women: diagnosis and treatment]. | ectopia of the urethral opening (female hypospadia) often causes chronic recurrent cystitis in women because of a retrograde delivery of urogenital infection from the introitus and vagina to the short wide urethra and urinary bladder. etiologically, cystitis develops due to pathogenic vaginal microflora: chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma genitalium, ureaplasma, urealyticum, gardnerella vaginalis, candida, e. coli and other gram-negative bacteria. in 64 female patients aged 16-57 years with femal ... | 2009 | 20209864 |
| prevalence of clue cells suggestive for gardnerella vaginalis in population-based cervical screening in the public versus private health care in maringá, paraná, brazil. | to determine the prevalence of clue cells suggestive for gardnerella vaginalis in population-based cervical screening in the public (sus) versus private (rp) health care utilization in maringá, paraná, brazil. | 2011 | 20221621 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against vaginolysin: mapping of a region critical for its cytolytic activity. | vaginolysin (vly) is a protein toxin released by gardnerella vaginalis. vly belongs to the group of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs). we have generated a panel of novel monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against vly. for the generation of mabs, we have used recombinant vly expressed in escherichia coli. the functional activity of recombinant vly was confirmed by an in vitro hemolytic assay using human erythrocytes. the mabs raised against recombinant vly were reactive with vly from g. vaginalis ... | 2010 | 20298711 |
| [clinical and microbiological profile of women with bacterial vaginosis]. | to study the clinical and microbiological profile of women with bacterial vaginosis participating in a randomized, double-blind clinical trial, which compared the vaginal use of preparations from red pepper tree and metronidazole for the treatment of genital discharge. | 2010 | 20305946 |
| correlation of trichomonas vaginalis to bacterial vaginosis: a laboratory-based study. | this study aimed to define the occurrence of different organisms causing vulvovaginitis; to evaluate different laboratory methods used for diagnosis of trichomonas vaginalis (t. vaginalis); and to evaluate the direct score system and clue cell method compared with culture for diagnosis of bacterial and t. vaginalis vaginosis. | 2010 | 20351456 |
| the epidemiology of bacterial vaginosis in relation to sexual behaviour. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) has been most consistently linked to sexual behaviour, and the epidemiological profile of bv mirrors that of established sexually transmitted infections (stis). it remains a matter of debate however whether bv pathogenesis does actually involve sexual transmission of pathogenic micro-organisms from men to women. we therefore made a critical appraisal of the literature on bv in relation to sexual behaviour. | 2010 | 20353563 |
| [evaluation of microbiological diagnostics in urogenital infections in postmenopausal women]. | to establish the percentage of infections in postmenopausal women with urinary symptoms which can be confirmed by microbiological analysis, the most common causative agents and whether the urethra and vagina in patients with cystitis are concurrently colonized by pathogenic microorganisms. | 2010 | 20387726 |
| gardnerella, trichomonas vaginalis, candida, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma hominis and ureaplasma urealyticum in the genital discharge of symptomatic fertile and asymptomatic infertile women. | this study aimed to establish the different prevalence of the microorganisms investigated in the two groups considered: fertile women with symptoms and asymptomatic women with infertility problems. the data from women (n= 952) investigated for two years for quality of genital discharge and the presence of gardnerella vaginalis, trichomonas vaginalis, candida species, streptococcus agalactiae, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyiticum and chlamydia trachomatis were retrospectively analyzed. in ... | 2010 | 20402416 |
| temporal variability of human vaginal bacteria and relationship with bacterial vaginosis. | little is known about short-term bacterial fluctuations in the human vagina. this study used pcr to assess the variability in concentrations of key vaginal bacteria in healthy women and the immediate response to antibiotic treatment in women with bacterial vaginosis (bv). | 2010 | 20419168 |
| lactocin 160, a bacteriocin produced by vaginal lactobacillus rhamnosus, targets cytoplasmic membranes of the vaginal pathogen, gardnerella vaginalis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a commonly occurring vaginal infection that is associated with a variety of serious risks related to the reproductive health of women. conventional antibiotic treatment for this condition is frequently ineffective because the antibiotics tend to inhibit healthy vaginal microflora along with the pathogens. lactocin 160, a bacteriocin produced by healthy vaginal lactobacilli, is a promising alternative to antibiotics; this compound specifically inhibits the bv-associate ... | 2009 | 20445810 |
| diagnosis of vulvovaginitis: comparison of clinical and microbiological diagnosis. | the purpose of the present study was to compare the current diagnostic clinical and laboratory approaches to women with vulvovaginal discharge complaint. the secondary outcomes were to determine the prevalence of infections in our setting and to look for the relation between vulvovaginal infections and predisposing factors if present. | 2010 | 20461391 |
| antagonism and synergism in gardnerella vaginalis strains isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis. | antagonistic and synergistic substances are important for interactions between micro-organisms associated with human body surfaces, either in healthy or in diseased conditions. in the present study, such compounds produced by gardnerella vaginalis strains isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis (bv) were detected in vitro and the antagonistic ones were partially characterized. among 11 g. vaginalis strains tested, all showed antagonistic activity against at least one of the 22 indicator bac ... | 2010 | 20466841 |
| evaluation of common organisms causing vaginal discharge. | vaginal discharge is very common problem among females. alteration in balance of normal vaginal organisms can cause the overgrowth of the bacteria that creates vaginal discharge. it is common among sexually active women yet there still remain gaps in our knowledge of this infectious disorder. | 2009 | 20524479 |
| drawing the line between commensal and pathogenic gardnerella vaginalis through genome analysis and virulence studies. | worldwide, bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most common vaginal disorder. it is associated with risk for preterm birth and hiv infection. the etiology of the condition has been debated for nearly half a century and the lack of knowledge about its cause and progression has stymied efforts to improve therapy and prevention. gardnerella vaginalis was originally identified as the causative agent, but subsequent findings that it is commonly isolated from seemingly healthy women cast doubt on this clai ... | 2010 | 20540756 |
| chronic vulvitis in pre-pubertal girls. | pre-pubertal girls with inflammatory chronic vulval disease excluding lichen sclerosus are often described as having 'non-specific vulvovaginitis'. the aim of this retrospective case series was to determine the aetiology of chronic vulvovaginitis in pre-pubertal (tanner stage 1) girls, with particular reference to candidiasis. a chart review recorded and compared the characteristics of 38 girls and 68 post-menarchal adolescents and pre-menopausal women with chronic vulvitis. nineteen (50%) of th ... | 2010 | 20546218 |
| an antimicrobial investigation of plants used traditionally in southern africa to treat sexually transmitted infections. | eighteen plants were assessed for antimicrobial activity against pathogens associated with prevalent urogenital/sexually transmitted infections. plant selection was based on information obtained from the ethnobotanical literature. | 2010 | 20561928 |
| dissimilarity in the occurrence of bifidobacteriaceae in vaginal and perianal microbiota in women with bacterial vaginosis. | recent data point at the similarity between the perianal and vaginal microflora in terms of lactobacillus species involved. bacterial vaginosis, the most common perturbation of the vaginal microflora involving primarily overgrowth of gardnerella vaginalis, has also been suggested to involve a recto-vaginal pathway. we addressed this issue with regard to bacteria of the bifidobacteriaceae family. in particular, we investigated the putative concordance of the presence of g. vaginalis and a series ... | 2010 | 20620215 |
| natural antimicrobials and their role in vaginal health: a short review. | lactobacillus species maintain the vaginal ecosystem in a healthy condition by production of antimicrobial substances. depletion of lactobacilli in the vagina results in bacterial vaginosis (bv), where the normal flora is replaced by several bacterial pathogens, usually gardnerella vaginalis and obligate anaerobes. bv may cause complications such as premature labor, low birth weight and increased risk of hiv acquisition. the currently recommended antibiotic treatments for bv are not always effec ... | 2008 | 20657710 |
| efficacy of vaginal probiotic capsules for recurrent bacterial vaginosis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. | we assessed the effectiveness of vaginal probiotic capsules for recurrent bacterial vaginosis (bv) prevention. | 2010 | 20659602 |
| cholesterol-dependent cytolysins. | the cholesterol-dependent cytolysins (cdcs) are part of a large family of pore-forming proteins that include the human proteins perforin and the complement membrane attack complex. the activity of all family members is focused on membranes, but the proteins are themselves involved in a diverse range of phenomena. an overview of some of these phenomena is provided here, along with an historical perspective of cdcs themselves and how our understanding of their mechanism of action has developed ove ... | 2010 | 20687480 |
| deep sequencing of the vaginal microbiota of women with hiv. | women living with hiv and co-infected with bacterial vaginosis (bv) are at higher risk for transmitting hiv to a partner or newborn. it is poorly understood which bacterial communities constitute bv or the normal vaginal microbiota among this population and how the microbiota associated with bv responds to antibiotic treatment. | 2010 | 20711427 |
| diagnosis and management of bacterial vaginosis and other types of abnormal vaginal bacterial flora: a review. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge. it is characterised by an overgrowth of predominantly anaerobic organisms (gardnerella vaginalis, prevotella spp., peptostreptocci, mobiluncus spp.) in the vagina leading to a replacement of lactobacilli and an increase in vaginal ph. bv can arise and remit spontaneously, but often presents as a chronic or recurrent disease. bv is found most often in women of childbearing age, but may also be encountered in menopausal wome ... | 2010 | 20723268 |
| diagnostic accuracy of quantitative real-time pcr assay versus clinical and gram stain identification of bacterial vaginosis. | the purpose of this investigation was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay in diagnosing bacterial vaginosis versus the standard methods, the amsel criteria and the nugent score. the amsel criteria, the nugent score, and results from the molecular tool were obtained independently from vaginal samples of 163 pregnant women who reported abnormal vaginal symptoms before 20 weeks gestation. to determine the performance of the molecular ... | 2010 | 20814710 |
| comparative genomics of gardnerella vaginalis strains reveals substantial differences in metabolic and virulence potential. | gardnerella vaginalis is described as a common vaginal bacterial species whose presence correlates strongly with bacterial vaginosis (bv). here we report the genome sequencing and comparative analyses of three strains of g. vaginalis. strains 317 (atcc 14019) and 594 (atcc 14018) were isolated from the vaginal tracts of women with symptomatic bv, while strain 409-05 was isolated from a healthy, asymptomatic individual with a nugent score of 9. | 2010 | 20865041 |
| detection of sexually transmitted infection and human papillomavirus in negative cytology by multiplex-pcr. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv) and 15 species that cause sexually transmitted infections (stis) in negative cytology. in addition, we compared the diagnostic performance of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with widely available techniques used to detect hpv. | 2010 | 20920170 |
| [an unusual endometritis]. | we report a case of pyometra without any related risk factor. this leads to a severe septic shock. evolution was successful because of quick surgical management. we report literature management of such infection. although pyometra is an uncommon disease, it should be kept in mind as delayed management may lead to fatal outcome. | 2011 | 20926206 |
| response of gardnerella vaginalis biofilm to 5 days of moxifloxacin treatment. | polymicrobial communities are often recalcitrant to antibiotics. we tested whether the polymicrobial gardnerella vaginalis biofilm can be eradicated with moxifloxacin. twenty women with bacterial vaginosis were treated with 400 mg moxifloxacin for 5 days. the changes in the occurrence and proportions of gardnerella, atopobium and lactobacillus spp. were assessed using fish. the bacterial biofilm was investigated using desquamated epithelial cells of spontaneously voided urine and sections of vag ... | 2010 | 20955467 |
| gardnerella biofilm involves females and males and is transmitted sexually. | to study the incidence and distribution of adherent gardnerella vaginalis. | 2010 | 21051845 |
| tinidazole in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the commonest cause of vaginal discharge in women of childbearing age. oral metronidazole has long been established as an effective therapy in the treatment of bv. however, adverse effects due to metronidazole are frequent and this may lead to problems with adherence to a 7-day course of treatment and subsequently result in treatment failure. oral tinidazole has been used to treat bacterial vaginosis for over 25 years but in a number of different dosage regimens. plac ... | 2010 | 21072275 |
| bacterial species present in the lower male genital tract: a five-year retrospective study. | to identify bacterial species present in the lower genital tract of males and to investigate the relationship with semen quality. | 2010 | 21091298 |
| gardnerella vaginalis septicaemia with pyelonephritis, infective endocarditis and septic emboli in the kidney and brain of an adult male. | gardnerella vaginalis is typically associated with bacterial vaginosis in women. however, balanitis, urethritis, urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteraemia have also been described in men. here we report a case of g. vaginalis septicaemia with infective endocarditis and septic emboli in the kidney and brain of an adult male. | 2010 | 21097741 |
| inerolysin, a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin produced by lactobacillus iners. | lactobacillus iners is a common constituent of the human vaginal microbiota. this species was only recently characterized due to its fastidious growth requirements and has been hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis. here we present the identification and molecular characterization of a protein toxin produced by l. iners. the l. iners genome encodes an open reading frame with significant primary sequence similarity to intermedilysin (ily; 69.2% similarity) and vag ... | 2010 | 21169489 |
| inhibitory activity of thymol on native and mature gardnerella vaginalis biofilms: in vitro study. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most frequent diagnosis made in women with lower genital tract symptoms. it has recently been observed that 90 % of subjects with bv show the growth of bacteria in the form of biofilms as against only 10% without bv, and that gardnerella vaginalis was the predominant species. the propensity of g. vaginalis to form biofilm is clinically relevant because this form of growth allows it to tolerate higher concentrations of certain antibiotics, thus increasing the possi ... | 2010 | 21175040 |
| prevalence of genital mycoplasma, ureaplasma, gardnerella, and human papillomavirus in japanese men with urethritis, and risk factors for detection of urethral human papillomavirus infection. | to analyze the risk factors for hpv infection in the urethra, we examined the prevalence of various microorganisms, for example neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma genitalium, mycoplasma hominis, ureaplasma urealyticum, ureaplasma parvum, gardnerella vaginalis, and human papillomavirus (hpv) in japanese male patients with urethritis, and investigated their sexual backgrounds. rubbed samples obtained from the distal urethra and questionnaires regarding sexual activity and dem ... | 2011 | 21213011 |
| chlamydia trachomitis antigen in the cervix: prevalence in a student population. | the prevalence of chlamydia trachomatis was investigated over a two-year period in a population of women university students attending a student health clinic for routine pelvic examination or for a gynecologic complaint. direct immunofluorescence slide test was used to determine the presence of c. trachomatis. the overall prevalence rates for the two-years periods studied were 8.2% and 7.1%. when women who had symptoms of a urogenital infection were compared to women who were asymptomatic, it w ... | 1988 | 21253068 |
| influence of menstruation on the microbiota of healthy women's labia minora as analyzed using a 16s rrna gene-based clone library method. | the aim of this study was to determine the influence of menstruation on the bacterial population of healthy japanese women's vulvas, especially the labia minora. labia minora swabs were obtained from 10 premenopausal, nonpregnant japanese women at premenstruation and on day 2 of menstruation. vaginal swabs were also obtained from 3 out of the 10 women. no significant difference was found in the average bacterial cell count between the menstruation and premenstruation samples. molecular analysis ... | 2011 | 21266747 |
| corynebacterium vaginale: a neglected pathogen in family practice. | in an urban practice, 76 cases of corynebacterium vaginale infection were discovered in a two year period. in retrospect, eight percent of the female patients in the practice had this organism. most of these women were symptomatic and 45% had atypical pap smears. sulfa vaginal cream was found to be ineffective in six of nine cases. various oral antibiotic treatments of both partners were compared. a ten day course of metronidazole was found to give the best result. metronidazole in one dose, amp ... | 1981 | 21289665 |
| current concepts of treating vaginitis. | vaginitis can be a frustrating entity to treat, since the incidence of recurrence is high. this paper examines evidence from the literature concerning diagnosis and treatment of candida albicans, trichomonas vaginalis, corynebacterium vaginale, herpes simplex type 2 and gonorrhea. a protocol based on these readings is outlined. | 1977 | 21304797 |
| subtle perturbations of genital microflora alter mucosal immunity among low-risk pregnant women. | alteration in the vaginal flora has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. the objective of this study was to examine the impact of changes in individual microflora on genital immunity among low-risk pregnant women in early pregnancy. | 2011 | 21306340 |
| in vitro activity of nifuratel on vaginal bacteria: could it be a good candidate for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis? | bacterial vaginosis is characterized by a shift of the physiological flora to a diverse spectrum of bacteria, where gardnerella vaginalis and atopobium vaginae are the most important markers. in this study, the antimicrobial activity of nifuratel against g. vaginalis, a. vaginae, and lactobacilli was compared with that of the two currently used antibiotics metronidazole and clindamycin. results suggest that nifuratel has a better spectrum of activity, being highly active against g. vaginalis and ... | 2011 | 21321147 |
| the aetiology of bacterial vaginosis. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is the most common vaginal infection among women of childbearing age. this condition is notorious for causing severe complications related to the reproductive health of women. five decades of intense research established many risk factors for acquisition of bv; however, because of the complexity of bv and lack of a reliable animal model for this condition, its exact aetiology remains elusive. in this manuscript, we use a historical perspective to critically review the de ... | 2011 | 21332897 |
| comparison of affirm vpiii and papanicolaou tests in the detection of infectious vaginitis. | to compare the affirm vpiii molecular test (becton dickinson, burlington, nc) with morphologic identification used in routine papanicolaou (pap) test screening in the detection and identification of candida species, trichomonas vaginalis, and gardnerella vaginalis, we identified 431 cases with a concomitant pap test and affirm vpiii assay performed from the archives of a large academic institution. the study population consisted of women ranging in age from 17 to 79 years (mean and median ages, ... | 2011 | 21350100 |
| vaginal flora changes on pap smears after insertion of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device. | the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (lng-ius) combines a uterine foreign body and the continuous release of low-dose levonorgestrel for contraception. its influence on the rate of vulvovaginal infections and flora disturbance is insufficiently known, but important for contraceptive advice in women, especially those who develop recurrent vaginosis or candida vulvovaginitis. | 2010 | 21397094 |
| damage to oviduct organ cultures by gardnerella vaginalis. | gardnerella vaginalis is a gram-variable coccobacillus found in the lower genital tract, particularly of women. very large numbers are found in the vagina in bacterial vaginosis. the pathogenicity of g. vaginalis was studied using fallopian tubes and bovine oviducts in organ culture. whole organisms, whether piliated or not, from broth cultures caused the cilia on ciliated cells in the mucosa of either human or bovine oviducts to stop beating within 3 days or less. cilia on control tissues kept ... | 2011 | 21410801 |
| the prevalence of urogenital micro-organisms detected by a multiplex pcr-reverse line blot assay in women attending three sexual health clinics in sydney, australia. | this study used a previously described multiplex pcr-based reverse line blot (mpcr/rlb) assay to assess the prevalence and distribution of 14 urogenital pathogens or putative pathogens, namely neisseria gonorrhoeae, chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma genitalium, mycoplasma hominis, trichomonas vaginalis, gardnerella vaginalis, ureaplasma parvum, ureaplasma urealyticum, neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, and human adenoviru ... | 2011 | 21415210 |
| gardnerella vaginalis comprises three distinct genotypes of which only two produce sialidase. | sialidase and the presence of gardnerella vaginalis have been proposed as biomarkers for bacterial vaginosis. sialidase has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. we genotyped g vaginalis isolates, assessed the presence and diversity of sialidase-encoding genes, and determined the production of sialidase. | 2011 | 21444061 |
| hiv-infected women of burkina faso: a "reservoir" of mycoplasma infection. | the objective of this work was to assess the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (bv) and genital mycoplasma colonization in 251 hiv-positive compared to 200 hiv-negative women at the maternal and child health (mch) service of saint camille medical center ouagadougou (burkina faso). | 2011 | 21444986 |
| [effect of combined therapy using complex of natural cytokines and antimicrobial peptides in urogenital infections caused by chlamydia and mycoplasma]. | to study efficacy of complex therapy of urogenital infections caused by chlamydia and mycoplasma using immunomodulator superlimph. | 2011 | 21446174 |
| disruption of urogenital biofilms by lactobacilli. | the process that changes a relatively sparse vaginal microbiota of healthy women into a dense biofilm of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria is poorly understood. likewise, the reverse step whereby an aberrant biofilm is displaced and returns to a healthy lactobacilli dominated microbiota is unclear. in order to study these phenomena, in vitro experiments were performed to examine the structure of biofilms associated with aerobic vaginosis, urinary tract infections, and bacterial vagi ... | 2011 | 21497071 |
| strong correspondence in bacterial loads between the vagina and rectum of pregnant women. | we sampled the vagina and rectum in 71 pregnant women and bacterial loads of lactobacillus crispatus, l. jensenii, l. gasseri, l. iners, gardnerella vaginalis and atopobium vaginae were determined by culture and quantitative pcr (qpcr). culture and qpcr results differed substantially with regard to the evaluation of vaginal and rectal occurrence of the six species tested. the vaginal-rectal prevalence of l. crispatus, l. jensenii, l. gasseri, l. iners, g. vaginalis and a. vaginae as established ... | 2011 | 21513795 |
| male urethral pap smears and peniscopy examination and polymerase chain reaction human papillomavirus correlation. | the aims of this study were to determine hpv in a male population and its correlation with penile gross inspection and urethral pap smears. fifty male volunteers were included in the study; all of them were sexual partners of women with evidence of hpv-related cervical diseases. urethral pap smear features and polymerase chain reaction (pcr; hpv detection) of urethral samples were correlated. statistical analyses were conducted to identify variables associated with high and low-risk hpv types. m ... | 2011 | 21538947 |
| biotypes and virulence factors of gardnerella vaginalis isolated from cases of bacterial vaginosis. | the present study was conducted to correlate the biotypes of gardnerella vaginalis strains isolated from cases of bacterial vaginosis and their virulence factors. thirty-two strains of g. vaginalis isolated from cases of bacterial vaginosis were biotyped. adherence to vaginal epithelial cells, biofilm production, surface hydrophobicity, phospholipase c and protease activity were tested on these isolates. biotype 1 was the most prevalent (8; 25%), followed by biotype 2 (7; 21.9%) and biotypes 5 a ... | 2011 | 21654113 |
| organism diversity between women with and without bacterial vaginosis as determined by polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16s rrna gene sequence. | aims:ôçé the aim of this study was to characterize the different structures of microbial communities between 20 healthy women and 17 bacterial vaginosis (bv)-positive women of reproductive age using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). material and methods:ôçé vaginal samples from 17ôçâbv-positive and 20ôçâbv-negative women were subjected to dna extraction, and amplified with eubacterial 16s rrna gene-specific primers via polymerase chain reaction. the polymerase chain reaction produc ... | 2011 | 21676075 |
| in vitro secretion profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines il-1ß, tnf-a, il-6, and of human beta-defensins (hbd)-1, hbd-2, and hbd-3 from human chorioamniotic membranes after selective stimulation with gardnerella vaginalis. | citation zaga-clavellina v, martha rv-m, flores-espinosa p. in vitro secretion profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines il-1ß, tnf-a, il-6, and of human beta-defensins (hbd)-1, hbd-2, and hbd-3 from human chorioamniotic membranes after selective stimulation with gardnerella vaginalis. am j reprod immunol 2011. problem: preterm labor associated with infection is a major clinical condition; in this work, we analyze the response of human chorioamniotic membranes stimulated with gardnerella vaginalis. ... | 2011 | 21752147 |
| zinc lactate and sapindin act synergistically with lactocin 160 against gardnerella vaginalis. | lactocin 160 is a vaginal probiotic-derived bacteriocin shown to selectively inhibit the growth of gardenerella vaginalis and some other pathogens commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis. the natural origin of this peptide, its safety, and selective antimicrobial properties make it a promising candidate for successful treatment and prophylaxis of bacterial vaginosis (bv). this study evaluated interactions between lactocin 160 and four other natural antimicrobials in the ability to inhibit g ... | 2011 | 21779311 |
| intravaginal microbial flora by the 16s rrna gene sequencing. | objective: conventional diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis contains some controversial points. to understand accurately the relationship between clinical stages and the microbiotas, the intravaginal microbial flora was analyzed by the clone library method. study design: vaginal fluid samples from 31 patients were examined. lactobacillary grade, nugent score, culture-based method, and clone library analysis using the 16srrna gene sequencing were performed and were compared with each other. results: ... | 2011 | 21783170 |
| self-collected vaginal swabs for the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay of atopobium vaginae and gardnerella vaginalis and the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. | the aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of using self-collected vaginal specimens for the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) assays of bacterial vaginosis (bv)-associated bacteria versus practitioner-collected swabs. a cross-sectional study included 190 pregnant women enrolled before 20 weeks' gestation from september 2008 to november 2009. self- and practitioner-collected swabs were taken during the same prenatal visit for each woman, qpcr assays performed for e ... | 2011 | 21789604 |
| lactobacillus johnsonii hy7042 ameliorates gardnerella vaginalis-induced vaginosis by killing gardnerella vaginalis and inhibiting nf-?b activation. | hydrogen peroxide-producing lactic acid bacteria (lab) were isolated from women's vaginas and their anti-inflammatory effects against gardnerella vaginalis-induced vaginosis were examined in ß-estradiol-immunosuppressed mice. oral and intravaginal treatment with five labs significantly decreased viable g. vaginalis numbers in vaginal cavities and myeloperoxidase activity in mouse vaginal tissues. of the labs examined, lactobacillus johnsonii hy7042 (lj) most potently inhibited g. vaginalis-induc ... | 2011 | 21798373 |
| the genital econiche: focus on microbiota and bacterial vaginosis. | ecological and evolutionary forces shaping the normal and abnormal microflora of the genital econiche are discussed, in particular those related to bacterial vaginosis, which worldwide is the most common vaginal infection, with numerous obstetrical and gynecological complications, including acquisition and transmission of hiv and other sexually transmitted infections (stis). characterized by a heavy overgrowth of gram-negative and gram-positive anaerobes with no signs of inflammation, bacterial ... | 2011 | 21824165 |
| artemisia princeps pamp. essential oil and its constituents eucalyptol and +¦-terpineol ameliorate bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis in mice by inhibiting bacterial growth and nf-+¦b activation. | to investigate the inhibitory effects of artemisia princeps pamp. (family asteraceae) essential oil (apeo) and its main constituents against bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis, their antimicrobial activities against gardnerella vaginalis and candida albicans in vitro and their anti-inflammatory effects against g. vaginalis-induced vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis were examined in mice. apeo and its constituents eucalyptol and +¦-terpineol were found to inhibit microbe growths ... | 2011 | 21830186 |
| Diagnosis of vaginal discharge by wet mount microscopy: a simple and underrated method. | Vaginal discharge is highly variable in quality and quantity among different individuals, and even in the same individual during different periods of life. Vaginal discharge is most commonly caused by infection with sexually transmitted organisms or increased colonization by different facultative pathogenic microorganisms (i.e., Gardnerella vaginalis). Noninfectious causes of vaginal discharge are quite rare (10% noninfectious as compared to 90% infectious causes). Most common in women with a va ... | 2011 | 21851750 |
| [short - term combined 5-nitroimidazole treatment in vaginal dysbacteriosis with dominant anaerobic species]. | the aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of short-term, combined 5-nitroimidazole treatment in vaginal dysbacteriosis with dominant anaerobic species. the presence of infection was proven by microscopic examination of vaginal fluid (nugent, modified by ison-hay-keane scale), microbiological culture, and by clinical symptoms (amsel). 179 patients were included in our study. clinical and microbiological examinations were performed prior to the treatment and at the end of the study ... | 2011 | 21916313 |
| bacterial vaginosis: what is physiological in vaginal bacteriology? an update and opinion. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) was originally described as a sexually transmitted infection caused by a single microbe. the prevailing concept describes bv as a polymicrobial coitus-associated disease of uncertain origin. in this overview the natural history of bv as a monobacterial and polymicrobial entity is examined with respect to the physiological concept of bv in relation to sexual behavior before and after introduction of the hormonal contraceptive pill. bacterial vaginosis, characterized by lo ... | 2011 | 21916857 |
| Elucidation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of the Natural Antimicrobial Peptide Subtilosin Against the Bacterial Vaginosis-associated Pathogen Gardnerella vaginalis. | Subtilosin A is a 35-amino acid long cyclical peptide produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens that has potent antimicrobial activity against a variety of human pathogens, including the bacterial vaginosis-related Gardnerella vaginalis. The specific mode of action of subtilosin against G. vaginalis was elucidated by studying its effects on the proton motive force's (PMF) components: transmembrane electric potential (??), transmembrane pH gradient (?pH), and intracellular ATP levels. The addition o ... | 2011 | 21949544 |
| The complex vaginal flora of West African women with bacterial vaginosis. | The spectrum of bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) has recently expanded through taxonomic changes and the use of molecular methods. These methods have yet to be used in large-scale epidemiological studies in Africa where BV is highly prevalent. | 2011 | 21949860 |
| [evaluation of efficacy of ketoconazole 800 mg-clindamycin 100 mg tablets vaginal against ketoconazole 800 mg- clindamycin 100 mg vaginal capsules in candida vaginitis and vaginosis]. | pharmaceutical forms (presentations) influence treatment compliance and therefore the effectiveness. here we present the results in the relief of vaginitis and vaginosis with two different dosage forms. | 2011 | 21966787 |
| Effects of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria and sexual intercourse on vaginal colonization with the probiotic Lactobacillus crispatus CTV-05. | Several fastidious bacteria have been associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), but their role in lactobacilli recolonization failure is unknown. We studied the effect of 7 BV-associated bacterial species and 2 Lactobacillus species on vaginal colonization with Lactobacillus crispatus CTV-05 (LACTIN-V). | 2011 | 21992977 |
| characteristics of patients with subchorionic hematomas in the second trimester. | aim: the aim of this study was to investigate the etiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with subchorionic hematoma. methods: a case-controlled study was performed to compare characteristics of patients and controls. via ultrasound examination, 47 pregnant patients were found to have subchorionic hematomas and 1075 had no evidence of subchorionic hematomas (controls). in the second trimester, patients were compared with regard to endocervical chlamydia trachomatis and other vaginal ... | 2011 | 21995561 |
| The species-specific mode of action of the antimicrobial peptide subtilosin against Listeria monocytogenes Scott A. | Aims: To elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of the antimicrobial peptide subtilosin against the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes Scott A. Methods and Results: Subtilosin was purified from a culture of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The minimal inhibitory concentration of subtilosin against L. monocytogenes Scott A was determined by broth microdilution method. The effect of subtilosin on the transmembrane electrical potential (??) and pH gradient (?pH), and its ability to induce ... | 2012 | 22040458 |
| multiplex detection of bacteria in complex clinical and environmental samples using oligonucleotide-coupled fluorescent microspheres. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is a recurring polymicrobial syndrome that is characterized by a change in the "normal" microbiota from lactobacillus-dominated to a microbiota dominated by a number of bacterial species, including gardnerella vaginalis, atopobium vaginae, and others. this condition is associated with a range of negative health outcomes, including hiv acquisition, and it can be difficult to manage clinically. furthermore, diagnosis of bv has relied on the use of gram stains of vaginal sw ... | 2011 | 22041586 |
| exploring the diversity of gardnerella vaginalis in the genitourinary tract microbiota of monogamous couples through subtle nucleotide variation. | bacterial vaginosis (bv) is an enigmatic disease of unknown origin that affects a large percentage of women. the vaginal microbiota of women with bv is associated with serious sequelae, including abnormal pregnancies. the etiology of bv is not fully understood, however, it has been suggested that it is transmissible, and that g. vaginalis may be an etiological agent. studies using enzymatic assays to define g. vaginalis biotypes, as well as more recent genomic comparisons of g. vaginalis isolate ... | 2011 | 22046340 |
| generation of recombinant single-chain antibodies neutralizing the cytolytic activity of vaginolysin, the main virulence factor of gardnerella vaginalis. | gardnerella vaginalis is identified as the predominant colonist of the vaginal tract in women with bacterial vaginosis. vaginolysin (vly) is a protein toxin released by g. vaginalis. vly possesses cytolytic activity and is considered as a main virulence factor of g. vaginalis. inhibition of vly-mediated cell lysis by antibodies may have important physiological relevance. | 2011 | 22047084 |
| effect of sexual activity on vaginal colonization with hydrogen peroxide-producing lactobacilli and gardnerella vaginalis. | bacterial vaginosis is associated with sexual activity, but mechanisms for this association are unclear. | 2011 | 22082725 |