Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| a pilot study of three potential vaccines for leprosy in bombay. | three vaccines, bcg glaxo alone (vaccine a), bcg glaxo plus 10(7) killed mycobacterium vaccae (vaccine b), and bcg glaxo plus 10(7) killed m. leprae (vaccine c), were given to groups of selected children. the effects of these vaccines on subsequent quadruple skin testing 1-3 years after vaccination were compared. all three vaccines equally and significantly (p less than 0.00001) increased positivity to tuberculin, but only vaccine b was found to significantly enhance development of skin-test pos ... | 1989 | 2659699 |
| vaccination and skin test studies on the children of leprosy patients. | in an attempt to achieve maximal skin-test positivity to leprosin a in children of leprosy patients living in baba baghi leprosy sanatorium in iranian azerbaijan, two new vaccines have been employed. children without scars of previous bcg and without response to leprosin a were given a vaccine containing 10(8) viable units of bcg glaxo plus 10(7) killed mycobacterium vaccae per dose (vaccine b). children with bcg pasteur (teheran) scars but without response to leprosin a were given a vaccine con ... | 1989 | 2659700 |
| vaccination and skin test studies on children living in villages with differing endemicity for leprosy and tuberculosis. | the purpose of this study carried out in iranian azerbaijan was to determine the pattern of skin-test positivity to mycobacterial antigens in children living in the valley, and to assess the effect on this of a series of vaccines against mycobacterial disease. set up in 1978, 1707 tuberculin-negative children without scars of previous bcg vaccination were vaccinated with bcg glaxo alone (vaccine a) or with the addition of a suspension of killed mycobacterium vaccae (vaccine b). one hundred child ... | 1989 | 2659701 |
| light- and electron-microscopic study of m. leprae-infected armadillo nerves. | lesions in peripheral nerves of armadillos experimentally infected with mycobacterium leprae were studied by light- and electron-microscopy. bacilli could be found clearly inside axons of unmyelinated nerve fibers. heavily bacillated schwann cells were seen embracing unmyelinated axons with interrupted cytoplasmic membranes. this indicated the initiation of rupture of those cells which were responsible for the liberation of bacilli into the axons. the nerve lesions were divided into three grades ... | 1989 | 2659702 |
| the use of antigen-bearing nitrocellulose particles derived from western blots to study proliferative responses to 27 antigenic fractions from mycobacterium leprae in patients and controls. | antigens present in sonicates of mycobacterium leprae were separated by sds-page, blotted electrophoretically on to nitrocellulose, and visualized with a colloidal gold stain. six bands identified by existing monoclonal antibodies, and a further 21 bands not previously studied, were converted into antigen-bearing nitrocellulose particles for use in vitro lympho-proliferation studies. controls (putative non-contacts) responded poorly to the antigenic fractions presented in this way. contacts resp ... | 1989 | 2661418 |
| cellular immune responses of leprosy contacts to fractionated mycobacterium leprae antigens. | antigens of armadillo-derived mycobacterium leprae sonic extract were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and blotted onto a nitrocellulose membrane, and the unstained blot was converted into 20 fractions of antigen-bearing particles. these were tested in cellular proliferation assays, and reproducible results were obtained between batches of fractions. peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy contacts of leprosy patients (presumed to have protective imm ... | 1989 | 2663725 |
| [electron microscopic study of fine structures of m. leprae and m. lepraemurium]. | 1989 | 2663803 | |
| studies on lipids in mycobacterial cell wall: their important structure and function relating to pathogenicity and their biological activity. | the lipids cord-factor, mycosides and sulpholipids are supposed to be vitally linked with the pathogenecity of mycobacteria. in this paper an attempt has been made to clarify the understanding of the occurrence, organisation and possible interaction of the diverse lipids present in the mycobacterial cell wall and their possible structure and function. | 1989 | 2664014 |
| morphology of m. leprae (?) in vs3e medium--a preliminary communication. | in a previous attempted culture of m. leprae in vs2m medium non-acid fast organisms were seen initially and acid fast organisms appeared later. a drop of a sonicated suspension from a subculture of this was inoculated in vs3e medium. the inoculum consisted mostly of acid fast granules. the culture yielded pure growth of acid fast organisms. morphology typical of m. leprae could be seen only after 60th day of culture. | 1989 | 2664015 |
| results of a modified who regimen in highly bacilliferous bl/ll patients. | a regimen consisting of 600 mg of rifampin once a month, 100 mg of clofazimine on alternate days, and 100 mg of dapsone daily was used in 56 untreated, highly bacillated borderline lepromatous/lepromatous (bl/ll) patients with an average bacterial index (bi) of 4.45. treatment was continued until skin-smear negativity. after 2 years of therapy, none of the patients had become smear negative and the average bi was 2.56. there was no growth on inoculation of skin-tissue biopsies in the normal mous ... | 1989 | 2664042 |
| reactive oxygen intermediates inactivate mycobacterium leprae in the phagocytes from human peripheral blood. | reactive oxygen intermediates such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals are important microbicidal components, and they could also play a role in an infection with mycobacterium leprae. a comparative study of the level of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide produced by peripheral blood phagocytes from normal healthy individuals and lepromatous leprosy patients showed a deficiency in superoxide production in the patients. in the phagocytes from normal healthy individuals, there wa ... | 1989 | 2664043 |
| an electron microscopic study of lymphatics in the dermal lesions of human leprosy. | the dermal lymphatic vessels in lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy lesions were studied by light- and electron-microscopy. in the lepromatous patient, lymphatic vessels were seen in both intra- and peri-granulomatous areas. the lymphatic lining cells contained lipid droplets, lysosomes, and numerous pinocytotic vesicles. cells bearing bacilli were only occasionally seen. in the tuberculoid cases, lymphatic vessels were seen only along the edges of the granulomas and the lining cells were less p ... | 1989 | 2664044 |
| the macrophage in leprosy: a review on the current status. | 1989 | 2664045 | |
| relapse or late reversal reaction? | 1989 | 2664046 | |
| controlled clinical trial for evaluation of antimicrobial drug activity against m. leprae. | 1989 | 2664047 | |
| hla-dq molecules may be products of an immune suppression gene responsible for mycobacterium leprae-specific nonresponsiveness. | 1989 | 2664049 | |
| icrc 'anti-leprosy vaccine'. | a vaccine containing icrc bacilli, which are leprosy-derived cultivable mycobacteria, induces lepromin conversion in ll patients and lepromin-negative persons. 'up-grading' of lesions and reversal reaction are observed in some vaccinated patients. the bacillus shows antigenic cross-reactivity with mycobacterium leprae. these observations provided the basis for launching a large-scale field trial of the vaccine in india in february 1987. the objective of the two-arm trial is to assess efficacy of ... | 1989 | 2665352 |
| in vitro effects of antimicrobial agents on mycobacterium leprae in mouse peritoneal macrophages. | mycobacterium leprae synthesizes large quantities of a specific phthiocerol-containing phenolic glycolipid in vivo. we have shown earlier that viable m. leprae readily incorporates radiolabeled palmitic acid into phenolic glycolipid i when residing in cultured macrophages in vitro and that this process is inhibited by the antileprosy drug rifampin. in the present paper we report that application of this observation to the rapid evaluation of over 25 antimicrobial agents for potential antileprosy ... | 1989 | 2665640 |
| in vitro suppression of interleukin 2 production by mycobacterium leprae antigen. | the suppressive activity of three different lots and sources of mycobacterium leprae (m. leprae) was studied by measuring the inhibitory effect on interleukin 2 (il-2) production in normal subjects. all three m. leprae preparations had suppressive activity on il-2 production when peripheral blood mononuclear leucocytes (pbml) were stimulated with the mitogens pha-p or con a in a dose response. m. leprae also had suppressive activity on il-2 production when pbml were stimulated with the specific ... | 1989 | 2665977 |
| kellersberger memorial lecture, 1988. technology for leprosy control--progress and prospects. | 1989 | 2666127 | |
| [secondary sulfone resistance--presentation of a case of leprosy-oswaldo cruz foundation, rio de janeiro-brazil]. | report on a case of dapsone resistance in a bl patient with clinical diagnosis and laboratory confirmation. the resistance appeared after 17 years of dapsone treatment, and the laboratory tests revealed total resistance to all the tested dapsone concentrations. the case reported occurred in the city of rio de janeiro (brazil) which presents a leprosy prevalence of 1.79/1,000. | 1989 | 2666794 |
| leprosy vaccine: india finally agrees to trials. | 1989 | 2666862 | |
| bcg infection induces responsiveness to dead mycobacterium leprae in hamsters. a mitsuda-like reaction. | hamsters inoculated with bcg become responsive to dead mycobacterium leprae. the response is characterized by a typical perineural granulomatous reaction, observed 16 days after the injection of a suspension of dead m. leprae into the foot pad of animals previously sensitized with bcg. | 1989 | 2667670 |
| immunological characterization of a human homolog of the 65-kilodalton mycobacterial antigen. | a human mitochondrial protein, designated p1 (63 kilodaltons [kda], shows extensive sequence homology (47% identical residues and an additional approximately 20% conserved changes) to the 65-kda mycobacterial antigen. to understand the relationship of these proteins, the cross-reactivity of several monoclonal antibodies directed against the 65-kda mycobacterium leprae antigen towards human, chinese hamster, chicken, and bacterial cells has been examined. a number of antibodies (y1-2, ml 30-a2, a ... | 1989 | 2668187 |
| influence of mycobacterium leprae and its soluble products on the cutaneous responsiveness of leprosy patients to antigen and recombinant interleukin 2. | experiments were carried out in the skin of patients with leprosy to examine whether suppressor cell populations either exist in the skin of multibacillary lepromatous leprosy patients, can be activated with antigen, or are induced to emigrate into a cutaneous site from the circulation. for this purpose, purified protein derivative of tuberculin, a delayed-type antigen that generates a cell-mediated immune response, was introduced into the skin alone or with nonviable mycobacterium leprae bacill ... | 1989 | 2668961 |
| effects of a derivative of serotonin (deoxyfructoserotonin) and other antileprosy drugs on attachment and uptake of mycobacterium leprae by schwann cells in vitro. | the association (attachment and/or uptake) of mycobacterium leprae with cultured schwann cells was studied at 8 and 72 h in the presence of a new antileprosy compound, deoxyfructoserotonin (dfs), as well as conventional antileprosy drugs such as rifampin (rfp) and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (dds). dfs significantly inhibited bacterial association with schwann cells at 8 h. rfp also affected the association of m. leprae but not to the same extent as dfs. a similar inhibition at 8 h was noted wh ... | 1989 | 2669627 |
| application of bioluminescent technology to patient care and research in leprosy. | 1989 | 2671178 | |
| application of atp assay for in vitro drug screening testing against human derived m. leprae. | in this study, the atp content of m. leprae exposed to various antimicrobial agents has been measured to evaluate its usefulness in drug sensitivity screening. purified m. leprae suspensions from human biopsies have been incubated at 30 degrees c in a modified dubos medium in the presence of different concentrations of various drugs viz., rifampicin, ethionamide, ethambutol, cycloserine, dapsone, clofazimine, erythromycin and tetracycline. atp levels were estimated at 0, 7 days, 14 days of incub ... | 1989 | 2671179 |
| effect of diet on growth of m. leprae in mouse footpads. | semipurified diets, with equal amounts of vitamins, minerals and fibre, but varied in protein and fat content from pork, barbel fish or soya beans were tested for their possible effect on the growth of m. leprae in mouse footpads. 105 balb/c male weanling mice were randomly divided into five diet groups of 21 mice each and fed for six months. differences between bacterial counts of diet groups were found. the mouse foot pad model is suitable for dietary study in leprosy. | 1989 | 2671180 |
| combined regimens of one year duration in the treatment of multibacillary leprosy--i. combined regimens with rifampicin administered during one year. | in 1981, 1982 and 1983, 216 multibacillary patients in anjouan (comores) and burundi were treated for 8 weeks with daily rifampicin (600 mg) ethionamide (500 mg) and dapsone (100 mg) or clofazimine (100 mg) followed for 44 weeks by once weekly rifampicin (600 mg) and daily ethionamide (500 mg) and dapsone (100 mg) or clofazimine (100 mg). there were 109 previously untreated patients and 107 patients who had dapsone monotherapy, 16 of whom were infected with proven dapsone resistant mycobacterium ... | 1989 | 2671559 |
| failure of mycobacterium leprae soluble antigens to suppress delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to tuberculin. | in order to test a published claim that the inclusion of mycobacterium leprae antigens with a tuberculin skin test reagent can suppress delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to tuberculin in both paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy cases, 109 leprosy cases and 104 non-leprosy controls were skin-tested simultaneously with tuberculin with and without m. leprae soluble antigens. tests were randomized between arms and carried out double-blind. there was a clear tendency for larger dth responses ... | 1989 | 2673590 |
| study of multidrug therapy in paucibacillary leprosy. | a study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of multidrug therapy (mdt) in paucibacillary leprosy. out of 155 fresh cases studied 48 had indeterminate, 38 tuberculoid and 69 had borderline tuberculoid leprosy. out of 155 cases, 64 patients in the first group were treated with dapsone 100 mg daily for 12 months. in the second group, 91 patients were given mdt, consisting of rifampicin 600 mg once a month and dapsone 100 mg daily for consecutive 12 months. the cases receiving dapsone and the ca ... | 1989 | 2674283 |
| changing concept in leprosy germ culture. | 1989 | 2674286 | |
| study of 39 documented relapses of multibacillary leprosy after treatment with rifampin. | among 39 strains of mycobacterium leprae isolated from patients with multibacillary leprosy who relapsed after treatment with rifampin (rmp), 22 strains were resistant to rmp and 17 were susceptible. all of the rmp-resistant strains were recovered from patients who had been treated with more than 50 doses of rmp, usually given as monotherapy. rmp-susceptible strains were recovered from only six patients who had received more than 50 doses of rmp, and from 11 patients who had received no more tha ... | 1989 | 2674301 |
| lymphoproliferation and in vitro antibody synthesis in leprosy patients. | an in vitro system to assess b-cell function in leprosy patients is described. in vitro lymphoproliferation and antibody synthesis by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) in response to pokeweed mitogen (pwm) and formalin-treated staphylococcus aureus cowan i (fsa) from 31 leprosy patients and 13 healthy controls were studied. dna synthesis was induced by both pwm and fsa in pbmc from all of the leprosy patients and control subjects. lepromatous leprosy (ll) patients' cells showed higher re ... | 1989 | 2674302 |
| identification of mycobacterium leprae antigens in tissues of leprosy patients using monoclonal antibodies. | five monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against antigens of mycobacterium leprae were tested for their ability to bind to components of tissue sections prepared from biopsies taken from patients with various forms of leprosy. immunoperoxidase was the most successful marker system used, although immunofluorescence and alkaline phosphatase were also successful in certain cases. positivity was high with all five antibodies successfully staining those sections containing a bacterial index of 3+ o ... | 1989 | 2674303 |
| intracellular parasitism of parenchymal cells by mycobacterium leprae. | the liver, skeletal muscle, and adrenal gland obtained from two nine-banded armadillos infected with mycobacterium leprae were studied using an electron microscope. m. leprae were found in varying numbers inside hepatocytes, kupffer's cells, striated muscle cells, adrenal cortical and adrenal medullary cells, endothelial cells, and macrophages. there was evidence to suggest that m. leprae were actively phagocytosed by the liver and skeletal muscle cells. the inert nature of m. leprae and its beh ... | 1989 | 2674304 |
| immunological tools in leprosy control. | 1989 | 2674305 | |
| serum antibodies of normals and leprosy patients show equal binding to peripheral nerve. | 1989 | 2674306 | |
| comments on leprosy vaccination. | 1989 | 2674307 | |
| iga antibodies against phenolic glycolipid i from mycobacterium leprae in serum of leprosy patients and contacts: subclass distribution and relation to disease activity. | the anti-pgl-i iga response against phenolic glycolipid i (pgl-i) a specific surface antigen of mycobacterium leprae, was demonstrated to be essentially of the iga1 subclass in sera from leprosy patients and contacts. anti-pgl-i iga1 mean levels were found to increase significantly from the tuberculoid toward the lepromatous pole of the leprosy disease spectrum, thus resembling the predominating anti-pgl-i igm response. furthermore, anti-pgl-i iga1 values were shown to increase significantly wit ... | 1989 | 2676273 |
| isoprodian and rifampicin in the treatment of leprosy: a descriptive evaluation of therapy durations in 475 paraguayan leprosy patients. | in paraguay, the national leprosy/tuberculosis program is based on a combined chemotherapy with isoprodian and rifampicin. the aim of this descriptive study was to investigate the therapy durations used so far in the treatment of 475 leprosy patients and to analyze the criteria responsible for the wide-ranging differences in therapy durations. as initial criteria, the following parameters were identified to have a significant influence on the therapy duration: patients never treated before or pr ... | 1989 | 2676405 |
| in vitro responses to a 65-kilodalton mycobacterial protein by synovial t cells from inflammatory arthritis patients. | bacterial ag, especially those of mycobacteria, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of experimental inflammatory arthritis in rodents, while in man, reactive arthritis has a clear temporal relationship to infection with particular bacteria. to investigate the role of immune responses to bacterial ag in inflammatory arthritis, we have examined the proliferative responses of paired synovial fluid and pbmc when stimulated with 1) suspensions of irradiated or heat-killed bacteria associated wit ... | 1989 | 2677142 |
| evaluation of fluorescent leprosy antibody absorption test versus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with phenolic glycolipid 1 and their use in immuno-epidemiological studies on leprosy. | we systematically conducted comparative studies on the validity, reliability and practicality of fla-abs.t/pgi-elisa in large samples. namely, 284 leprosy patients, 20 tuberculosis patients, 172 normal controls (from nonendemic area of leprosy), 425 leprosy household contacts (hc) and 2573 random samples from the general population (rs) were involved. the results indicated that fla-abs.t/pgi-elisa are highly sensitive and specific for detecting antibodies against m. leprae. their youden's indexe ... | 1989 | 2678095 |
| antagonism between dapsone and rifampicin in experimental mycobacterium leprae infections in mice. | in experimental infections of normal mice with mycobacterium leprae, the bactericidal activity of four consecutive weekly doses of rifampicin (rmp) was suppressed when this treatment was preceded, for one month, by daily administration of dapsone (dds), and then the latter. up until now, it has been impossible to detect this antagonism between the action of rmp and dds, since all studies involved the simultaneous administration of these two drugs, and such a phenomenon would therefore have been ... | 1989 | 2678328 |
| inflammation induced by a glycolipid fraction from mycobacterium leprae. | 1. the inflammatory properties of a glycolipid fraction isolated from human recovered mycobacterium leprae were investigated. the inflammatory reaction induced in mouse lung by the inoculation of the glycolipid fraction adsorbed to charcoal particles was characterized by a large influx of macrophages at various stages of maturation and of epithelioid cells around the particles. 2. when injected as an aqueous emulsion into the footpad of mice, the same fraction evoked a dose-dependent massive inf ... | 1989 | 2679936 |
| mycobacterial disease, immunosuppression, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the mycobacteria are an important group of acid-fast pathogens ranging from obligate intracellular parasites such as mycobacterium leprae to environmental species such as m. gordonae and m. fortuitum. the latter may behave as opportunistic human pathogens if the host defenses have been depleted in some manner. the number and severity of such infections have increased markedly with the emergence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) epidemic. these nontuberculous mycobacteria tend to b ... | 1989 | 2680057 |
| vaccine development. on relating immunology to the third world: some studies on leprosy. | leprosy is of interest to immunologists because the varied clinical manifestations of the disease correlate closely with the immunological spectrum. resistance to infection is dependent on appropriate cell-mediated immunity, but patients with the lepromatous form fail to respond to antigens of m. leprae. in vitro studies have revealed the existence of t-suppressor cells of the phenotype cd8+, cd3+, hla-dr+, fcr+, 9.3-, which are restricted by major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii antig ... | 1989 | 2680926 |
| pgl-i antigen and antibody detection in leprosy patients: evolution under chemotherapy. | multibacillary (mb) and paucibacillary (pb) leprosy patients were tested for circulating phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) antigen and antibodies before treatment. in the 27 mb patients tested, 27 (100%) were antigen positive with levels ranging from 50 to 5000 ng/ml, and 26 (96%) were antibody positive with titers ranging from 1000 to 64,000. although the antigen and antibody levels were much higher in mb than in pb patients, we could not demonstrate a correlation between the number of acid-fast ba ... | 1989 | 2681456 |
| serum antibodies to defined carbohydrate antigens during the course of treated leprosy. | sequential monitoring of 724 sera for antibodies to a neoantigen based on phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) and native lipoarabinomannan (lam) in 90 leprosy patients undergoing therapy in san francisco was conducted. untreated lepromatous patients frequently (91%) had significant antibodies to both moieties. antibodies were less frequently found in tuberculoid patients (74% to neoantigen and 37% to lam). in the first 3 years of treatment, average serum antibodies to both moieties fell significantly. ... | 1989 | 2681457 |
| immunoepidemiological studies on subclinical infection among leprosy household contacts in thailand. | three-thousand-fourteen leprosy house-hold contacts in thailand were surveyed by their personal history, physical examination, and immunological tests. the results were compared with those obtained from villagers in leprosy-endemic and nonendemic areas. the percentages of young people, students, children and grandchildren of the patient, the contacts of multibacillary leprosy cases, long duration of contact, bcg vaccination, fla-abs and dharmendra's lepromin-positive responders were significantl ... | 1989 | 2681458 |
| quantitative antibody elisa for leprosy. | quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were established to measure igm and igg antibody levels to soluble mycobacterium leprae sonicate (cd60) and to the synthetic disaccharide antigen based on the phenolic glycolipid-i antigen of m. leprae coupled to bovine serum albumin in 46 leprosy patients. separate reference pools for igm and igg antibody were established. the reciprocal of the antibody titer was expressed as the number of arbitrary units in the reference pools which was ... | 1989 | 2681459 |
| effect of preincubation on the proliferative response to antigen by cells from leprosy patients and healthy controls. | one of the postulated mechanisms contributing to the selective t-cell hyporesponsiveness in patients with leprosy is receptor blockade, the characteristic feature of which is reversibility following preincubation of cells in vitro. to test this hypothesis, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) obtained from 17 leprosy patients and 10 healthy mantoux-positive and -negative controls were cultured freshly or after a period of preincubation in serum-containing medium, and the proliferative respo ... | 1989 | 2681460 |
| a peptidoglycan protein complex purified from m. leprae cell walls contains most or all immunodominant m. leprae t-cell antigens. | the outcome of an infection with mycobacterium leprae is correlated with the t-cell-mediated immune response developed against this pathogenic agent. the identification of m. leprae antigens that are recognized by t cells is therefore of great importance. in this paper we present the results of in vitro lymphoproliferation assays in which t-cell reactivity was measured against a peptidoglycan-protein complex (ppc) which was purified from the cell wall of m. leprae. twelve m. leprae-reactive t-ce ... | 1989 | 2681461 |
| specific anti-m leprae pgl-i antibodies and mitsuda reaction in the management of household contacts in new caledonia. | household contacts of leprosy patients have been tested for anti-phenolic glycolipid-i igm antibodies (anti-pgl-i igm) by an elisa using the natural disaccharide (ndo) and natural trisaccharide (nto) synthetic antigens. a group of healthy subjects without known exposure to mycobacterium leprae served as controls. the percentages of positivity observed in multibacillary patients, paucibacillary patients, and household contacts were significantly higher than those of the negative controls. the abs ... | 1989 | 2681462 |
| overproduction, affinity purification and characterization of 65-kda protein of mycobacterium leprae in escherichia coli. | the 65-kda protein of mycobacterium leprae was produced in an escherichia coli strain carrying a plasmid harboring the recloned gene coding for the protein. the protein was purified through affinity chromatography prepared with the igg fraction of a monoclonal antibody which was prepared against the 65-kda protein. the purified 65-kda protein also reacted immunologically with the monoclonal antibody iiie9, which recognizes the epitope for m. leprae, prepared by buchanan, et al. balb/c mice were ... | 1989 | 2681463 |
| prospects for new generation vaccines for leprosy: progress, barriers, and future strategies. | 1989 | 2681465 | |
| cultivation of mycobacterium leprae: a new approach. | 1989 | 2681467 | |
| evaluation of mycobacterium leprae antigens in the monitoring of a dapsone-based chemotherapy of previously untreated lepromatous patients in cebu, philippines. | thirty-five previously untreated lepromatous patients receiving dapsone-based therapy were monitored throughout their 5-year period of treatment by serology and by pathology. sequentially collected sera were used to evaluate the usefulness of four mycobacterium leprae antigens as used in elisa to monitor the progress of their therapy. elisa results were compared with each other and with bacterial load over the treatment period and with duration of treatment. the elisas, based on the measurement ... | 1989 | 2682104 |
| bacillaemia in leprosy and effect of multidrug therapy. | twenty-five patients of bacilliferous leprosy (17 ll, 8 bl) were studied by the modified haemolysis method for occurrence of bacillaemia and its clearance after two multidrug therapy regimens. acid-fast bacilli were found in 76% of all patients and in 88.2% ll and 50% bl patients. bacillaemia occurred with significantly reduced frequency in patients with type ii reaction. acid-fast bacilli were demonstrable in peripheral blood after 1 month in one patient on mdt of an indian working group and 3 ... | 1989 | 2682105 |
| leprosy in children: correlation of clinical, histopathological, bacteriological and immunological parameters. | the study of leprosy in children has indicated an incidence of 10% amongst leprosy patients attending the clinic. the duration of the disease was usually less than 2 years. the expression of leprosy in this group was either a macule and/or a plaque. classification was, therefore, different and conforms to indeterminate (i), borderline tuberculoid (bt) and borderline (bb) leprosy. only occasionally were other clinical variants seen. the bacteriology was largely unproductive by slit-skin smears. t ... | 1989 | 2682106 |
| the cellular exudate--mycobacterium leprae relationship and the critical reading of skin smears. | a careful reading of conventionally stained ziehl-neelsen skin smear preparations in leprosy provides a number of insights into the patient's situation, including his approximate position in the spectrum. this data serves as a cross-check on the primary results of the smear examination, and aids their interpretation for the purposes of diagnosis, assessment of the response to chemotherapy and the possible onset of relapse. | 1989 | 2682107 |
| tuberculoid (tt) leprosy; localization on a tattoo. | 1989 | 2682108 | |
| [difficulties in demonstrating hansen's bacillus in lesions. analysis of a case]. | in one case of leprosy, ziehl's classic staining technic could not demonstrate the bacteriologic evidence. after using a cold-staining procedure, the lapeyssonie and causse technic, numerous hansen's bacilli (b.h.) were detected in the lesions. | 1989 | 2682127 |
| nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence of mycobacterium leprae manganese superoxide dismutase. | 1989 | 2682526 | |
| blocking of mycobacterium leprae adherence to dissociated schwann cells by anti-mycobacterial antibodies. | the association of mycobacterium leprae with schwann cells may represent an early crucial step in m. leprae pathogenesis. using a dissociated schwann-cell system and anti-mycobacterial monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies directed against surface and cytoplasmic components, we investigated the nature of m. leprae epitopes that mediate cytadhesion. antibodies to polysaccharide and lipid components of m. leprae cell wall inhibited cytadhesion, whereas those directed against both surface and cytopl ... | 1989 | 2683036 |
| an experimental animal model of granulomatous bowel disease. | a study has been undertaken of the granulomatous response induced in the ascending colon and terminal ileum of the guinea pig by the direct inoculation of mycobacterial antigens. live bcg (pasteur) 2 x 10(7) at two weeks induced epithelioid cell granulomas in both large and small bowel and in the draining lymph nodes. the area of infiltration was significantly greater for a given inoculum in the large bowel. acid fast bacilli were present on ziehl neelson stained sections of the large bowel infi ... | 1989 | 2684805 |
| correlation between occurrence of leprosy and fossil fuels: role of fossil fuel bacteria in the origin and global epidemiology of leprosy. | on the basis of correlative data on the global distribution of leprosy, its bacteria metabolizing fossil fuels (ff), and the ff themselves, the origin of leprosy in the world as a whole, and in the leprosy-free countries, in particular, as indigenous cases, appeared to be primarily due to a soil-to-man, and secondarily due to a man-to-man infection. these findings helped to elucidate similar problems of animal leprosies and nocardial diseases. | 1989 | 2684847 |
| immunology of leprosy. a comprehensive survey. | 1989 | 2684882 | |
| serological response of patients with leprosy to a 28- to 30-kilodalton protein doublet from early cultures of mycobacterium bovis bcg. | analysis by western immunoblotting of mycobacterium bovis bcg short-term culture filtrates with a pool of serum samples from lepromatous leprosy patients revealed an immunodominant protein doublet with apparent molecular masses of 28 and 30 kilodaltons (kda). the humoral response to these antigens was also investigated by using individual serum samples from patients representative of the whole spectrum of leprosy and from tuberculosis patients, as well as from contacts of leprosy patients and co ... | 1989 | 2685019 |
| two-dimensional gas chromatography with electron capture detection for the sensitive determination of specific mycobacterial lipid constituents. | a method was developed for determining two characteristic mycobacterial lipid constituents, tuberculostearic acid (as its pentafluorobenzyl ester) and 2-eicosanol (as its pentafluorobenzoyl ester), by using gas chromatography with electron capture detection. a microprocessor-controlled column-switching system (two-dimensional gas chromatography) facilitated sample preparation and increased specificity. the usefulness of the technique was illustrated by its ability to reveal picogram amounts of t ... | 1989 | 2685023 |
| nongranulomatous involvement of the bone marrow in lepromatous leprosy. | bone marrow involvement in lepromatous leprosy has been characterized histologically by a proliferation of foamy histiocytes containing lepra bacilli, the so-called virchow cells. the authors have studied three patients with biopsy-proven lepromatous leprosy in whom fite stain, performed on histologic sections of bone marrow aspirates, demonstrated numerous bacilli lying free in the interstitium in the absence of virchow cells or focal collections of foamy macrophages. two of the patients had a ... | 1989 | 2686398 |
| cultivation of mycobacterium leprae in artificial culture medium. | a novel procedure in the cultivation of m. leprae in combined dubos-lowenstein-jenson medium after addition of thyroxine sodium is being reported. this has been found to be successful as the organisms, after multiplying vigorously in the thyroxine containing dubos medium, have produced a visible colony on the surface of lowenstein-jensen medium during 8-16 wks of incubation at 37 degrees c. the enhanced growth of this recalcitrant organism is due to stimulating effect of thyroxine as well as sup ... | 1989 | 2687163 |
| primary dapsone resistance in china. | ninety-seven strains of mycobacterium leprae recovered from patients with previously untreated multibacillary leprosy were tested for dapsone susceptibility. the specimens originated from shanghai municipality, jiang-su province and fu-jian province. approximately 28% of the strains either did not infect the mice or the results of susceptibility were inconclusive due to the low proportion of viable organisms in the bacterial populations. among the 70 strains in which dapsone susceptibility could ... | 1989 | 2691789 |
| structure-activity relationships of tetramethylpiperidine-substituted phenazines against mycobacterium leprae in vitro. | in a previous study of structure-activity relationships of selected phenazines against mycobacterium leprae in vitro, compounds containing a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine substitution at the imino nitrogen were most active. therefore, the effect of substitution at the para positions of the phenyl and anilino groups in tetramethylpiperidine-substituted phenazines was assessed. as determined by radiorespirometry, activity in ascending order was observed in compounds substituted with hydrogens or f ... | 1989 | 2692516 |
| a rapid method for the detection of potentially viable mycobacterium leprae in human biopsies: a novel application of pcr. | a simple procedure based on the polymerase chain reaction has been developed to detect mycobacterium leprae, rapidly and unambiguously, in biological samples. its application to small numbers of m. leprae cells (approximately 10(2] isolated from armadillo liver, mouse footpads or human biopsies is discussed. | 1989 | 2693204 |
| finger-prick blood collection and computer-assisted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for large-scale serological studies on leprosy. | an immunoglobulin m anti-phenolic glycolipid 1 assay was standardized and optimized using specimens of dried blood collected on commercial precut filter paper discs, followed by a computer-assisted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the correlation between venepuncture and finger-prick methods, the calibration of the quantity of absorbed blood, and the reproducibility of the elisa test were excellent. a slight decline of activity was observed when the samples were stored for 3 months at ... | 1989 | 2694471 |
| drug susceptibility testing of mycobacterium leprae in the bactec 460 system. | the susceptibility of mycobacterium leprae to clinical and experimental antileprosy agents was assessed in the bactec 460 system. nude-mouse-derived m. leprae (10(7) cells), incubated in bactec 12b medium at 33 degrees c under reduced oxygen, maintained a fairly constant growth index (14co2 evolution) for 2 to 3 weeks. at concentrations ranging from 0.031 to 2.0 micrograms/ml, dapsone, rifampin, clofazimine, ethionamide, ofloxacin, clarithromycin, and minocycline all effected reductions in the g ... | 1989 | 2694952 |
| effects of dietary composition on growth of m. leprae in mouse footpads. | the number of bacteria per mouse footpad were measured at intervals beginning with the third month in male, weanling balb/c mice infected with m. leprae and fed for a period of 6 months to test the effects of diet on multiplication of bacteria. the mean bacteria count per footpad in mice remaining at 6 months in the two high fat diets was higher (p = 0.014) than the mean of the two low fat diets. likewise, the pooled mean bacterial count of mice fed the two diets of animal origin had a tendency ... | 1989 | 2695574 |
| primary dapsone resistance as assessed by uptake of labelled thymidine by the macrophage resident mycobacterium leprae. | 12 untreated lepromatous leprosy patients were screened for primary dapsone resistance by the uptake of labelled thymidine by macrophage resident m. leprae. there were found to harbour primary dapsone resistant strains of m. leprae and another three partially resistant strains to the drug. this rapid, simple and reliable method should be used routinely to screen leprosy patients, for drug resistance. | 1989 | 2695575 |
| bacillaemia and bone marrow involvement in leprosy. | fifty patients (24 new and 26 receiving specific treatment) of leprosy were investigated to study the concentration and morphological index (mi) of the lepra bacilli in skin, peripheral blood and bone marrow. the organisms were detected in 28 cases on skin slit smear examination, in 38 cases on bone marrow examination and in 38 cases on examination of smears made from buffy coat of peripheral blood. out of 22 cases negative for the bacilli on skin slit smears, 15 had the organisms either in buff ... | 1989 | 2695576 |
| effect of temperature, cholesterol and nerve tissue on multiplication of armadillo m. leprae. | the effect of temperature, nerve tissue and certain constituents of the medium on multiplication of armadillo m. leprae was studied using hanks bss. an equal or better growth was seen at 30 degrees c and 10 degrees c compared to 37 degrees c. multiplication was also seen at -20 degrees c. adding cholesterol, foetal calf serum, cystine-hcl, sodium thioglycollate or nerve suspension and covering medium with liquid paraffin each showed beneficial effect. hanks containing foetal calf serum, choleste ... | 1989 | 2695577 |
| growth of mycobacterium leprae in a redox system: iii. evidence of growth at low temperature (psychrophilia) and, further refinement of growth medium. | considerable growth enhancement, largely as non-acid fast, slender and long rods has been seen when incubated at 10 degrees c. concentration of some of the media constituents have been reduced that has improved the quantum of growth. a remarkable proneness to physical disintegration of the grown bacilli has been seen and its significance discussed. also, the possible immunogenic advantage of non-af m. leprae has been discussed. the question of identification is still not solved, and work is in p ... | 1989 | 2695578 |
| bacteriological study of urine samples from leprosy patients: a preliminary communication. | a.f.b. and biological structures related to its multiplication reported previously from skin and blood of patients were seen also in their urine. implications of these findings in transmission and possible application in detecting sub-clinical infections should be studied. | 1989 | 2695579 |
| process of disintegration and degradation of m. leprae: study of tissue imprints and tissues. | the existence, distribution and behaviour of degradation products of m. leprae in leprosy lesions were investigated in tissue specimens fixed in neutral formalin and embedded in paraffin. cytopathologic findings using tissue imprints were unsatisfactory. sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, acid-fast stains, silver methenamine and by an immunochemical (pap) technique using serial paraffin sections. a comparison in respect of the distribution of the bacilli within the macrophages showed ... | 1989 | 2695580 |
| [dapsone inhibition of the bactericidal action of rifampicin on mycobacterium leprae in mice]. | in the experimental infection of mice by mycobacterium leprae, the bactericidal effect of 4 weekly doses of rifampicin (rmp) is completely suppressed if this administration is preceded by a daily treatment of dapsone (dds) during one month then continued in conjunction with rifampicin. the application of this methodology: the delayed adding of rifampicin clearly shows the bacillary persistence induced by dapsone (dds). the rifampicin appears to be less effective on mycobacterium leprae when its ... | 1989 | 2695734 |
| leprosy associated mycobacteria: implications. | 1989 | 2696318 | |
| [immunologic aspects of leprosy]. | lepromatous leprosy is accompanied by a complex deficit in cell mediated immunity concerning mycobacterium leprae. the physiological mechanism of this deficit remains unknown. according to some studies there may be, in those suffering from leprosy, a trouble in the macrophage and presentation of antigens. other studies suggest an increase in the suppressive activity of lymphocytes. recently some authors emphasized the deficit in the production of interleukin 2. it is difficult, for the time bein ... | 1989 | 2696319 |
| [peripheral nerve lesions of experimental leprosy in monkeys. v. histopathological finding of cutaneous nerves and cutaneous sensory organs]. | the skin samples of each palm side and dorsum side of finger, nose and peripheral nerves running under the finger skin at the area between proximal phalanx and distal phalanx of mangabey monkey a022 and rhesus monkey a125 were studied by histopathological methods (semithin section and light microscopic findings). results found about this study were as follows. 1. in spite of the existence of a large amount of leprosy bacilli at the areas of corium and subcutis, some of meissner's corpuscles, vat ... | 1989 | 2697712 |
| [epidemiological immunological studies on leprosy in okinawa. 6. lepromin, lymphocyte transformation, fla-abs and leproagglutination tests in the in-and out-patients with leprosy and the relationships among these tests and personal or family history or clinical findings of the patients]. | in- and out-patients with leprosy in okinawa were surveyed by using the following immunological tests: cutaneous reaction to mitsuda's lepromin (40 million bacilli/ml) (lpr), lymphocyte transformation test with dharmendara's antigen (dl-ltt), that with phytohemagglutinin (pha-ltt), fluorescent leprosy antibody absorption test (fla-abs) and leproagglutination test with cardiolipin-lecithin antigen (lat). a correlation between two tests and a relationship between the test and personal or family hi ... | 1989 | 2697714 |
| polymerase chain reaction for the detection of mycobacterium leprae. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using heat-stable taq polymerase is described for the specific detection of mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy. a set of primers was selected on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding the 36 kda antigen of m. leprae. with this set of primers in the pcr, m. leprae could be detected specifically with a detection limit approximating one bacterium. this pcr appears to meet the criteria of specificity and sensitivity required for a ... | 1989 | 2697743 |
| phenolic glycolipid-1 from m. leprae inhibits oxygen free radical production by human mononuclear cells. | we studied the effect of pgl1, a phenolic glycolipid unique to mycobacterium leprae, on the activation of the phagocyte oxidative respiratory burst, by measuring the chemiluminescence (cl) generated by normal mononuclear cells. pgl1 induced a decrease in oxygen free radical production stimulated by mycobacteria (m. leprae, bcg and m. kansasii) or by phorbol myristate acetate, but did not prevent the binding or ingestion of fluorescein-conjugated mycobacteria. in contrast, mycoside a from m. kans ... | 1989 | 2697907 |
| [monitoring of the treatment effectiveness in patients with leprosy using solid-phase immunoenzyme assay]. | serum samples from 184 lepers are studied by means of solid phase elisa with the semisynthetic antigen disaccharide-bovine albumin analogous of phenolic glycolipid i of mycobacterium leprae. patients are grouped according to the clinical presentation of the disease and course of time elapsed since the institution of therapy. bacilloscopic examinations were made also in 116 patients who were positive at diagnosis. for serologic testing, absorbance values over 0,160 were considered positive. resul ... | 1989 | 2701181 |
| [some properties of suppressor macrophages induced with mycobacterium leprae vaccine in mice]. | splenic macrophages induced by intravenous injection of mycobacterium leprae vaccine (ml-vaccine) consisting of heat-killed m. leprae (hk-ml; 6 x 10(8)/ml) and live m. bovis bcg (10 mg/ml) were studied for their suppressive activity against lymphoproliferative response to concanavalin a (con a). spleen cells (spcs) of host mice received 0.1 ml of the vaccine 2 weeks before harvest showed markedly reduced con a mitogenic response. such phenomenon was seen also in the case of mice which were given ... | 1989 | 2701885 |
| suppression of con a response of mouse lymphocytes with unique m. leprae glycolipid. | 1989 | 2701886 | |
| measurement of phagocyte chemiluminescence using a microtitre plate luminometer. | the use of chemiluminescence techniques to study the interaction between bacteria and phagocytes has been useful for examining the extent to which serum factors, such as opsonins, are important in internalization of the organisms and the response of the cell to phagocytosed bacteria. however, such methods have been limited by the number of experiments which can be performed at one time using most commercial luminometers. however, the recent introduction of the amerlite microtitre plate luminomet ... | 1989 | 2728914 |
| implementation of chemoprophylaxis of leprosy in the southern marquesas with a single dose of 25 mg per kg rifampin. | between 1967 and 1987 in the southern marquesas, a remote archipelago in french polynesia, the detection rate of leprosy was 48.9 per 100,000 when it was 8.6 per 100,000 for french polynesia as a whole. in 1988, a program of chemoprophylaxis of leprosy with a single dose of 25 mg/kg rifampin was implemented, and 2751 persons (98.7% of the population) were treated in the southern marquesas. in addition, 678 south marquesans and 2466 members of their families living in the northern marquesas and i ... | 1989 | 2809347 |
| defective activation of granuloma macrophages from mycobacterium leprae-infected nude mice. | we have previously demonstrated that granuloma macrophages from the foot pads of mycobacterium leprae-infected nude mice are functionally normal despite heavy intracellular burdens of bacilli. however, unlike peritoneal macrophages, these macrophages fail to restrict the intracellular growth of toxoplasma gondii when stimulated with recombinant murine gamma interferon (mu ifn-gamma) and thus appear defective in their response to macrophage-activating factor(s). in further characterizing this def ... | 1988 | 2826628 |
| the effect of phenolic glycolipid-1 from mycobacterium leprae on the antimicrobial activity of human macrophages. | purified pgl-1 and dpgl from m. leprae can prevent bacterial killing by intact phagocytes and cell-free antimicrobial systems. both glycolipids completely abolished the antimicrobial effect of the acetaldehyde-xo-fe2+ system. because the cytotoxicity of this system is inhibited by catalase, sod, mannitol, and ethanol, but not by heated sod or catalase, these data suggest that toxicity is due to oh. generated by the haber-weiss reaction. that the antimicrobial killing in the xo system is complete ... | 1988 | 2826638 |
| dna methylation in leprosy-associated bacteria: mycobacterium leprae and corynebacterium tuberculostearicum. | the dnas of two kinds of microorganisms from human leprosy lesion, mycobacterium leprae and corynebacterium tuberculostearicum (also known as "leprosy-derived corynebacterium" or ldc), have been analysed and compared with the genomes of reference bacteria of the cmn group (genera corynebacterium, mycobacterium and nocardia). the guanine-plus-cytosine content (% gc) of dna was determined by a double-labelling procedure, which is unaffected by the presence of modified and unusual bases (that alter ... | 1988 | 2828900 |