Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| in-vitro activity of cefepime and other antimicrobials: survey of european isolates. | cefepime, a new cephalosporin which has a broad-spectrum of activity was tested in vitro against 1961 gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates obtained from european hospitals. cefepime was highly active against gram-negative organisms, inhibiting over 94% of strains tested. the overall susceptibility rate for cefepime against all isolates was 81%. cefepime was more active than any of the third-generation cephalosporins tested against species capable of producing type i beta-lactamases, ... | 1993 | 8150766 |
| in-vitro antibacterial activity of cefepime: a multicentre study. | the antimicrobial activity of cefepime, a new broad-spectrum parenteral cephalosporin, was evaluated in vitro against 1757 recent clinical gram-positive and gram-negative isolates. cefepime was active at low concentrations (mic50 values < or = 0.06 mg/l and mic90 values < or = 0.12 mg/l) against non-cephalosporinase-producing enterobacteriaceae (escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, salmonella spp. and shigella spp.). for klebsiella pneumoniae, mics were between 0.016 and 16 mg/l; the highest mic ... | 1993 | 8150767 |
| multipoint identification of enterobacteriaceae: report of the british society for microbial technology collaborative study. | to evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of multipoint identification schemes in a multicentre trial. | 1993 | 8157751 |
| bacteremia due to transplantation of contaminated cryopreserved pancreatic islets. | to report two cases of pancreatic islet transplantation-related septicemia, and the results of an investigative protocol to identify potential sources of contamination. | 1994 | 8162286 |
| induction of cecropin-like and attacin-like antibacterial but not antiviral activity in heliothis virescens larvae. | inducible cecropin-like and attacin-like proteins were isolated from immune hemolymph obtained from vaccinated heliothis virescens larvae. the attacin-like protein had a molecular weight of approximately 25,000 daltons and was not dialyzable. the cecropin-like peptide had an estimated molecular weight of 6,000-7,000 daltons and was dialyzable, heat-stable and sensitive to trypsin digestion. the cecropin-like peptide showed bactericidal activity against escherichia coli and enterobacter cloacae, ... | 1994 | 8166704 |
| photochemical inactivation of pathogenic bacteria in human platelet concentrates. | platelet concentrates (pc) may be infrequently contaminated with low levels of bacteria that can cause septicemia and death in patients receiving transfusion therapy. we evaluated the efficacy of a photochemical decontamination (pcd) technique using 8-methoxypsoralen (8-mop) and long wavelength uv light (uva) to inactivate bacteria in standard therapeutic pc. twelve phylogenetically distinct pathogenic bacteria, 5 gram-positive and 7 gram-negative organisms, were seeded into pc to a final challe ... | 1994 | 8167348 |
| role of residue lys315 in the mechanism of action of the enterobacter cloacae 908r beta-lactamase. | the role of the highly conserved lys315 residue in the catalytic mechanism of a class c beta-lactamase has been probed by site-directed mutagenesis. lys315 has been replaced by a histidine in the enterobacter cloacae 908r beta-lactamase, thus introducing a tritratable group to probe the role of the positive charge, and by a glutamine. the effects of these mutations have been studied on the kinetics of penicillin g and cephalothin turnover and on the pre-steady-state kinetics with carbenicillin a ... | 1994 | 8172894 |
| [nationwide survey on susceptibilities of clinical isolates from urinary tract to antimicrobial agents in japan, 1991]. | this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of urinary tract isolates to antimicrobial agents examined at 123 hospital laboratories in japan from september to december in 1991. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were carried out at each laboratory. the susceptibility testing was performed according to the disk diffusion method recommended by national committee for clinical laboratory standards. mrsa showed high resistance rates to all agents tested except to mi ... | 1994 | 8182896 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial isolates in south sweden including a 13-year follow-up study of some respiratory tract pathogens. | the antibiotic susceptibility of consecutive isolates of the upper respiratory tract pathogens streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and staphylococcus aureus, (100 strains of each species collected each year during march through april 1985, 1988 and 1992) to penicillin v, amoxycillin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, doxycycline, erythromycin, and cotrimoxazole was investigated by mic determination on pdm and pdm ii agar. the mics of the upper r ... | 1994 | 8185890 |
| rapid emergence of quinolone resistance in cirrhotic patients treated with norfloxacin to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. | we carried out quantitative culturing of stools from 31 hospitalized alcoholic patients with cirrhosis and ascites, before treatment with 400 mg of norfloxacin per day, weekly for the first month, and then every 2 weeks thereafter for 15 to 229 days (median, 54 days). members of the family enterobacteriaceae virtually disappeared from the stools (< 10(2)/g), but treatment had little effect on enterococci. no selection of resistant organisms occurred in 15 patients, but the remaining 16 patients ... | 1994 | 8192461 |
| arbitrarily primed pcr, ribotyping, and plasmid pattern analysis applied to investigation of a nosocomial outbreak due to enterobacter cloacae in a neonatal intensive care unit. | in december 1992, enterobacter cloacae was isolated from the oropharynx and respiratory tract of six ventilated neonates hospitalized in the intensive care unit (icu) of our hospital. to establish the spread of the outbreak, 41 strains of e. cloacae were analyzed for genotypic markers by three methods: plasmid profile analysis, ribotyping with ecori or pvuii endonuclease, and arbitrarily primed (ap) pcr. the tested strains included 12 isolates from the 6 epidemic cases, 4 isolates from the respi ... | 1994 | 8195364 |
| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of an azospirillum brasilense indole-3-pyruvate decarboxylase gene. | azospirillum brasilense isolated from the rhizosphere of different plants has the ability to excrete indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) into the culture media. cosmid p0.2, isolated from an a. brasilense sp245 genome library in plafr1, complements the tn5-induced mutant spm7918 of a. brasilense sp6 which excretes reduced amounts of iaa. restriction mapping and gene expression studies identified a bglii-ecori 4.3 kb fragment of p0.2 sufficient for the restoration of high levels of iaa production in mutan ... | 1994 | 8202090 |
| crystallographic structure of a phosphonate derivative of the enterobacter cloacae p99 cephalosporinase: mechanistic interpretation of a beta-lactamase transition-state analog. | the crystal structure of a complex formed on reaction of the enterobacter cloacae p99 cephalosporinase (beta-lactamase) with a phosphonate monoester inhibitor, m-carboxyphenyl [[n-[(p-iodophenyl)acetyl]amino]methyl]phosphonate, has been obtained at 2.3-a resolution. the structure shows that the inhibitor has phosphonylated the active site serine (ser64) with loss of the m-carboxyphenol leaving group. the inhibitor is positioned in the active site in a way that can be interpreted in terms of a tr ... | 1994 | 8204611 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of fk037, a new parenteral cephalosporin. | in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of fk037, a new parenteral cephalosporin, were compared with those of cefpirome, ceftazidime and flomoxef. the advantages of in vitro activity of fk037 were as follows: (1) a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, (2) the most potent activity (mic90: 25 micrograms/ml) of the cephalosporins tested against highly methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (h-mrsa), (3) a strong activity against enterobacter spp. and citrobacter freundii resistant to t ... | 1994 | 8205935 |
| identification of the gene encoding the major nad(p)h-flavin oxidoreductase of the bioluminescent bacterium vibrio fischeri atcc 7744. | the gene encoding the major nad(p)h-flavin oxidoreductase (flavin reductase) of the luminous bacterium vibrio fischeri atcc 7744 was isolated by using synthetic oligonucleotide probes corresponding to the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme. nucleotide sequence analysis suggested that the major flavin reductase of v. fischeri consisted of 218 amino acids and had a calculated molecular weight of 24,562. cloned flavin reductase expressed in escherichia coli was purified virtually to homog ... | 1994 | 8206830 |
| the tryptophan repressor sequence is highly conserved among the enterobacteriaceae. | tryptophan biosynthesis in escherichia coli is regulated by the product of the trpr gene, the tryptophan (trp) repressor. trp aporepressor binds the corepressor, l-tryptophan, to form a holorepressor complex, which binds trp operator dna tightly, and inhibits transcription of the tryptophan biosynthetic operon. the conservation of trp operator sequences among enteric gram-negative bacteria suggests that trpr genes from other bacterial species can be cloned by complementation in e. coli. to clone ... | 1994 | 8208606 |
| [a clinical study of lomefloxacin on the patients with urinary tract infections--focused on lomefloxacin-induced photosensitivity reaction]. | between april and october 1990, photosensitivity reactions were observed in 19 out of 338 patients who were administered lomefloxacin (lflx) for the treatment of urinary tract infections (uti) in our hospital. to certify the effectiveness and safety of lflx to uti, we carried out a controlled study with fixed dosages and durations. patients with acute uncomplicated uti and chronic complicated uti were enrolled and lflx dosages of 200 mg b.i.d. for 7 days and 14 days, respectively, were administe ... | 1993 | 8213373 |
| multicenter comparison of in vitro activities of fk-037, cefepime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and cefuroxime. | in a multicenter study, the mics of fk-037 for 90% of the strains tested (mic90s) were < or = 1 microgram/ml for members of the family enterobacteriaceae other than citrobacter freundii, enterobacter spp., and serratia marcescens. activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa was variable, with a mic50 and a mic90 of 4 and 32 micrograms/ml, respectively. relative to cefepime, however, fk-037 was less active against ceftazidime-resistant isolates of enterobacter cloacae. the mic90 of fk-037 for methici ... | 1993 | 8215286 |
| early bacterial infections in lung transplant recipients. | early bacterial pulmonary infections within 2 weeks after lung transplantation were studied in 29 patients undergoing surgery between december 1989 and may 1992. suspected pulmonary infections occurred in 11 patients (38 percent). the most common bacterial organisms isolated were klebsiella pneumoniae (45 percent; 5/11), pseudomonas aeruginosa (36 percent; 4/11), escherichia coli (27 percent; 3/11), staphylococcus aureus (18 percent; 2/11), and enterobacter cloacae (18 percent; 2/11). the mortal ... | 1993 | 8222797 |
| investigation of cell envelope damage to pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacter cloacae by dibromopropamidine isethionate. | electron micrographs of log-phase pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacter cloacae cultured for 4 h in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of dibromopropamidine isethionate indicate that this antibacterial agent can cause marked damage to the cell envelope structures of both species. this result provides an explanation of how dibromopropamidine can enhance the uptake and thus the activity of a second antibacterial agent used in combination with it. | 1993 | 8229701 |
| ampg, a signal transducer in chromosomal beta-lactamase induction. | the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase in citrobacter freundii and enterobacter cloacae is inducible by beta-lactam antibiotics. when an inducible ampc gene is introduced on a plasmid into escherichia coli together with its transcriptional regulator ampr, the plasmid-borne beta-lactamase is still inducible. we have isolated mutants, containing alterations in a novel e. coli gene, ampg, in which a cloned c. freundii ampc gene is unable to respond to beta-lactam inducers. the ampg gene was cloned, se ... | 1993 | 8231804 |
| an outbreak of gram-negative bacteremia traced to contaminated o-rings in reprocessed dialyzers. | to investigate an outbreak of gram-negative bacteremia in an outpatient hemodialysis unit and to identify the source of contaminating bacteria and the route by which bacteria gained access to the bloodstream. | 1993 | 8239225 |
| endophthalmitis caused by enterobacter cloacae. | cataract extraction with placement of intraocular lenses is the most common intraocular procedure done today, with endophthalmitis as its most devastating complication. to our knowledge, this is only the third reported case of postoperative endophthalmitis caused by the gram-negative bacillus, enterobacter cloacae. the course of infection, the treatment, and the laboratory identification of this organism are presented. it is important to add this proven case of gram-negative endophthalmitis to o ... | 1993 | 8239327 |
| ex vivo pharmacodynamic study of piperacillin alone and in combination with tazobactam, compared with ticarcillin plus clavulanic acid. | ten volunteers received piperacillin (4 g), piperacillin (4 g) plus tazobactam (0.5 g) (tazocin), and ticarcillin (3 g) plus clavulanic acid (0.2 g) (timentin) intravenously over 30 min in a cross-over blinded scheme. blood samples were obtained 0.5 and 3 h after the end of infusion to measure by (high-pressure liquid chromatography) the concentration and bactericidal titers against 70 gram-negative bacilli. serum time-kill curves were done against 35 strains to measure killing rates and area un ... | 1993 | 8239597 |
| enterobacter cloacae vertebral infection in a heroin addict with hiv infection. | 1993 | 8239768 | |
| the north american component (the united states and canada) of an international comparative mic trial monitoring ofloxacin resistance. | common lots of reference mic (minimum inhibitory concentration) method reagents were used to monitor ofloxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone, and 13 other drugs against 3200 recent clinical isolates in february-april 1992. five medical centers in the united states and canada contributed 640 strains per facility as follows: escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, klebsiella spp., and pseudomonas aeruginosa (100 strains each); streptococcus pneumoniae (40 strains); an ... | 1993 | 8243037 |
| induction kinetics of immune antibacterial proteins in pupae of galleria mellonella and pieris brassicae. | 1. pupae of galleria mellonella and pieris brassicae given an injection with live, non-pathogenic enterobacter cloacae or abiotic foreign molecules induce an acquired immunity that corresponds with the synthesis of haemolymph proteins of antibacterial activity. 2. this humoral defensive response which persists for several days, differs quantitatively between insect species and between the inducers used, although very different foreign bodies induced the same immune proteins in both lepidopteran ... | 1993 | 8243062 |
| evolution of an enzyme activity: crystallographic structure at 2-a resolution of cephalosporinase from the ampc gene of enterobacter cloacae p99 and comparison with a class a penicillinase. | the structure of the class c ampc beta-lactamase (cephalosporinase) from enterobacter cloacae strain p99 has been established by x-ray crystallography to 2-a resolution and compared to a class a beta-lactamase (penicillinase) structure. the binding site for beta-lactam (penicillinase) structure. the binding site for beta-lactam antibiotics is generally more open than that in penicillinases, in agreement with the ability of the class c beta-lactamases to better bind third-generation cephalosporin ... | 1993 | 8248237 |
| cluster of enterobacter cloacae pseudobacteremias associated with use of an agar slant blood culturing system. | from 1 february through 12 october 1990, 27 blood cultures processed at shiprock hospital were positive for enterobacter cloacae; only 3 had been reported in the preceding 12 months. twenty (74%) of the cultures were obtained from patients without clinical evidence of gram-negative septicemia. the increase in e. cloacae-positive blood cultures was temporally associated with the introduction of a new blood culturing system. to evaluate potential risk factors for an e. cloacae-positive blood cultu ... | 1993 | 8253954 |
| female genital tract abscess formation in the rat. use of pathogens including enterococci. | previous animal experiments utilizing bowel flora have demonstrated synergy between various aerobes and anaerobes in the formation of intraabdominal abscesses. in these experiments, human female genital tract isolates were inserted into the abdominal and pelvic cavities of 151 female sprague-dawley rats. inoculation with any single species of organism--streptococcus faecalis, enterobacter cloacae or bacteroides bivius or a combination of two facultative organisms (s faecalis plus e cloacae)--did ... | 1993 | 8254596 |
| analysis of the aac(3)-via gene encoding a novel 3-n-acetyltransferase. | biochemical analysis (g. a. papanicolaou, r. s. hare, r. mierzwa, and g. h. miller, abstr. 152, program abstr. 29th intersci. conf. antimicrob. agents chemother., 1989) demonstrated the presence of a novel 3-n-acetyltransferase in enterobacter cloacae 88020217. this organism was resistant to gentamicin, and the mic of 2'-n-ethylnetilmicin for it was fourfold lower than that of 6'-n-ethylnetilmicin, a resistance pattern which suggested 2'-acetylating activity. however, high-pressure liquid chroma ... | 1993 | 8257126 |
| pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal titers of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin following multiple oral doses in healthy volunteers. | fourteen adult males participated in a randomized three-way crossover study to compare the pharmacokinetics and serum bactericidal titers (sbts) of 500 mg of ciprofloxacin (regimen a), 750 mg of ciprofloxacin (regimen b), and 400 mg of ofloxacin (regimen c) administered every 12 h for seven doses. mean steady-state peak concentrations in serum for regimens a, b, and c were 3.0, 4.4, and 6.5 micrograms/ml, respectively (p < 0.01, all comparisons) and mean half-lives were 4.5, 4.3, and 6.5 h, resp ... | 1993 | 8257144 |
| structure-activity relationships in the inhibition of serine beta-lactamases by phosphonic acid derivatives. | a new series of phosphonyl derivatives has been prepared and tested for inhibition of serine (classes a and c) beta-lactamases. the results were compared with those previously acquired with aryl phosphonate monoesters and with alkaline hydrolysis rates. a methyl p-nitrophenyl phosphate monoanion was markedly poorer as an inhibitor of the class c beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae p99 than a comparable p-nitrophenyl phosphonate. phosphonyl fluorides, thiophenyl esters, n-phenylphosphonamidate ... | 1993 | 8257429 |
| antitumor activities of a cephalosporin prodrug in combination with monoclonal antibody-beta-lactamase conjugates. | 7-(phenylacetamido)cephalosporin mustard (cm) and 7-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporin mustard (ccm) were developed as anticancer prodrugs that could be activated site selectively by monoclonal antibody-beta-lactamase conjugates targeted to antigens present on tumor cell surfaces. both cm and ccm were hydrolyzed by purified beta-lactamases from escherichia coli (ec beta l), bacillus cereus (bc beta l), and enterobacter cloacae (ecl beta l). this resulted in the release of phenylenediamine mustar ... | 1993 | 8274516 |
| phospholipid impregnation of abdominal rubber drains: resistance to bacterial adherence but no effect on drain-induced bacterial translocation. | in order to evaluate the effect of surface modification of biomaterials on bacterial adherence and bacterial translocation after intraperitoneal biomaterial implantation, phosphatidylcholine- or phosphatidylinositol-impregnated rubber drain pieces, which had been intraperitoneally implanted in the rat for 2 and 7 days, or unimplanted, were incubated in vitro with 3h-labelled escherichia coli and enterobacter cloacae. as compared with unimpregnated pieces, the adherence of bacteria significantly ... | 1993 | 8278675 |
| evidence that the reaction of the udp-n-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase proceeds through the o-phosphothioketal of pyruvic acid bound to cys115 of the enzyme. | the enzyme udp-n-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase (enolpyruvyltransferase, ec 2.5.1.7) catalyses the transfer of the intact 1-carboxyvinyl moiety of phosphoenolpyruvate to the 3'-hydroxyl group of the glucosamine moiety of udp-(2')-n-acetylglucosamine with the concomitant release of inorganic phosphate, the first committed step in the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan. overexpression of the enzyme from enterobacter cloacae in escherichia coli allowed the isolation ... | 1993 | 8281938 |
| antibiotic-induced release of endotoxin from bacteria in vitro. | the ability of cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, piperacillin and tobramycin to cause release of endotoxin was examined in vitro with cultures of enterobacter cloacae and escherichia coli. endotoxin was measured by a quantitative limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and its presence was confirmed by silver staining of the lipopolysaccharide moiety following sds-page. the morphology of the bacteria during antibiotic exposure was examined by scanning electronmicroscopy. cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin and piperacil ... | 1994 | 8289210 |
| [restriction system--type ii modification in enterobacter cloacae strains]. | various clinical strains of enterobacter cloacae have been examined for the presence of site-specific endonuclease activities. restriction endonucleases of class ii have been isolated from six strains. recognition sequences for all of these endonucleases were determined and the cleavage sites were identified for two of them. the enzymes prove to be isoschizomers of ecorii and psti. restriction endonucleases ecl2zi and ecl37ki recognise the nucleotide sequences ctga/g and are true isoschizomers o ... | 1993 | 8289838 |
| [monotherapy using amoxicillin/clavulanic acid as treatment of first choice in community-acquired lung abscess. apropos of 57 cases]. | in a multicentre open prospective trial the effectiveness of am-ca as first-line treatment of community-acquired lung abscess was evaluated in immunocompetent adult patients. am-ca was administered intravenously in doses of 4 g/day for at least 7 days, then orally in doses of 2 g/day for at least 14 days. radio-clinical and laboratory evaluations were made during treatment, and 30 and 60 days after it was discontinued. the results of this trial concerned 57 patients (48 men, 9 women; mean age 52 ... | 1993 | 8296141 |
| electric fields induce curved growth of enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli, and bacillus subtilis cells: implications for mechanisms of galvanotropism and bacterial growth. | directional growth in response to electric fields (galvanotropism) is known for eukaryotic cells as diverse as fibroblasts, neurons, algae, and fungal hyphae. the mechanism is not understood, but all proposals invoke actin either directly or indirectly. we applied electric fields to bacteria (which are inherently free of actin) to determine whether actin was essential for galvanotropism. field-treated (but not control) enterobacter cloacae and escherichia coli cells curved rapidly toward the ano ... | 1994 | 8300526 |
| [ciprofloxacin resistance in gram negative bacilli. epidemiologic aspects]. | the aim of the present was to study the resistance to ciprofloxacin (cip) in gram negative bacilli (april 1990-march 1992) and to determine the temporary distribution of the resistant strains by species, samples and departments. | 1993 | 8305553 |
| postantibiotic effect, and postantibiotic effect of subinhibitory concentrations, of sparfloxacin on gram-negative bacteria. | the postantibiotic effect (pae), the postantibiotic sub-mic effect (pa sme), and the sub-mic effect (sme) of a new oral quinolone, sparfloxacin, were determined for different strains of gram-negative bacteria. a pae was induced by 10 x mic of sparfloxacin for 2 h and the antibiotic was then eliminated by washing and dilution. the pa sme was studied by adding different sub-mics during the postantibiotic phase, and the sme by exposing the controls to the sub-mics alone. growth curves were followed ... | 1994 | 8306813 |
| plasmid labeling confirms bacterial translocation in pancreatitis. | to examine whether the gut is a source of infection in acute pancreatitis, bacterial translocation and alterations of intestinal microecology and morphology were studied in 16 dogs. dogs were colonized with a strain of escherichia coli (e. coli 6938k) bearing the plasmid puc4k, which confers kanamycin resistance. in eight dogs (group i), pancreatitis was induced by sodium taurocholate/trypsin injection. eight other dogs (group ii) underwent laparotomy only. the pancreas, mesenteric lymph nodes, ... | 1994 | 8311134 |
| piperacillin versus cefazolin given perioperatively to high-risk patients who undergo open cholecystectomy: a double-blind, randomized trial. | to study the efficacy, microbiologic features and toxicity of prophylactic cefazolin versus prophylactic piperacillin in high-risk patients who undergo open cholecystectomy. | 1993 | 8324671 |
| role of the integument in insect immunity: epicuticular abrasion and induction of cecropin synthesis in cuticular epithelial cells. | when the epicuticle of a silkworm larva, bombyx mori, was lightly abraded in the presence of live bacillus licheniformis, enterobacter cloacae, or bacterial cell wall components, cecropin mrnas were detected in the underlying epithelial cells and in fat body cells remote from the abraded area. antibacterial activity due to cecropin was detected in the matrix of the lightly abraded cuticle but not in nonabraded portions of the cuticular matrix or in the hemolymph surrounding the fat body, unless ... | 1993 | 8327509 |
| identification of a novel plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase with chromosomal cephalosporinase characteristics from klebsiella pneumoniae. | a clinical isolate of klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to a wide variety of beta-lactams, including third generation cephalosporins, aztreonam and cephamycins, as well as to beta-lactam/clavulanate and sulbactam combinations was examined. it was found that this resistance was transmissible to escherichia coli recipients via a small 5.3 mda plasmid encoding for an unusual beta-lactamase produced in relatively large quantities. the enzyme, designated lat-1, exhibited a highly basic isoelectric poin ... | 1993 | 8335495 |
| emergence of antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative bacilli causing bacteremia during therapy. | treatment of serious infections caused by gram-negative bacilli with beta-lactam antimicrobial agents can induce class i beta-lactamase production. this phenomenon can result in resistant microorganisms, and has been postulated to be a cause of therapeutic failure. the charts of patients bacteremic with pseudomonas aeruginosa, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, proteus vulgaris, and providencia species (n = 120) during a 3-year period were reviewed to determine how ... | 1993 | 8346736 |
| emergence of resistance to imipenem in enterobacter isolates masquerading as klebsiella pneumoniae during therapy with imipenem/cilastatin. | clinical isolates identified as klebsiella pneumoniae by the vitek, enterotube ii, and api 20e systems were recovered from a patient undergoing therapy with imipenem/cilastatin. these isolates were resistant to multiple beta-lactam agents, and some were even resistant to imipenem. analysis revealed a bush group 1 beta-lactamase, and imipenem resistance corresponded to the loss of outer-membrane proteins in strains expressing high levels of this beta-lactamase. further characterization efforts yi ... | 1993 | 8353231 |
| infection and antibiotic therapy in 4000 burned patients treated in milan, italy, between 1976 and 1988. | the pathogenic flora, isolated from burn wounds of patients admitted to a burn care unit during the years between 1976 and 1988 were typed and the in vitro susceptibility to antibacterial agents was recorded. between 1976 and 1988 the general therapeutic approach was changed three times, in congruence with the prevalent nosocomial bacterial resistance. the most frequent isolates were: pseud. aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus spp., proteus mirabilis, escherichia coli, enterobacter c ... | 1993 | 8357483 |
| a two-part energy burden imposed by growth of enterobacter cloacae and escherichia coli in sodium dodecyl sulfate. | enterobacter cloacae, like most enteric bacteria, can grow in the presence of 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). the bacteria tolerate the detergent and do not metabolize it. in a defined glucose-salts medium the growth rate remained unchanged (g = 55 min) as the detergent concentration was increased from 0 to 10% sds. however, growth in sds exhibited a two-part energy dependence. in part 1, the sds-grown cells underwent rapid lysis when they ran out of energy. cells that had entered stationary p ... | 1993 | 8358668 |
| bacterial flora detected of the uterine endometrial cavity of diabetic patients with myoma uteri. | patients with diabetes frequently suffer from various postoperative complications, especially infection. diabetic patients also have a high incidence of uterine endometrial cancer. the nature of the intrauterine bacterial flora may be related to both infection and carcinogenesis. therefore, identification of the intrauterine bacterial flora in diabetic patients may be useful. bacteria were detected in the uterine endometrial cavity of 100% of ten diabetic patients with myoma uteri. however, amon ... | 1993 | 8360520 |
| [a nationwide survey of antimicrobial susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibiotics in japan (1988-1990)]. | this study was conducted to investigate susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents at 149 hospitals throughout japan from september to december in both 1989 and 1990. in this study, identifications and susceptibility testings were carried out at each hospital laboratory. the susceptibility testings were performed according to the disk diffusion method recommended by nccls. staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci showed high or moderate resistance rates to be ... | 1993 | 8360981 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of cp-70,429 a new penem antibiotic. | in in vitro susceptibility tests, the new penem cp-70,429 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria except pseudomonas aeruginosa and xanthomonas maltophilia. cp-70,429 was stable to various types of beta-lactamases except for the enzyme from x. maltophilia and was 16- to 128-fold more active than the other compounds against beta-lactamase-producing strains of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. | 1993 | 8363389 |
| resistance to third-generation cephalosporins in barbados. | resistance to third-generation, or extended-spectrum, cephalosporins caused by induction of class i beta-lactamases has been reported rarely from developing countries. seven isolates of cephalosporin-resistant gram-negative rods were recovered recently from urine, burns and ulcers in the queen elizabeth hospital, barbados. the isolates were identified as acinetobacter calcoaceticus (2), citrobacter freundii (1), enterobacter cloacae (1), morganella morganii (1), providencia stuartii (1) and prot ... | 1993 | 8367967 |
| in vitro experiments on catheter-related infections due to gram-negative rods. | although many complications may arise with the use of central venous catheters, catheter-related bacteremia is considered to be the most serious complication. microflora on the patient's skin (coagulase-negative staphylococci, staphylococcus aureus) is thought to represent the major source of microorganisms causing catheter-related infections. gram-negative rods are increasingly observed as causative agents. we therefore performed an in vitro study to elucidate the pathogenesis of polymer-associ ... | 1993 | 8370325 |
| controlled clinical comparison of two lysis-based blood culture systems, isolator and septi-chek release, for detection of bloodstream infections. | a controlled clinical comparison was made of the isolator (wampole laboratories, cranbury, n.j.) and the septi-chek release bottle (roche diagnostics, nutley, n.j.). from 6,345 blood culture sets fulfilling minimum criteria for volume of blood cultured, 840 strains were isolated, of which only 691 (82%) were considered to be representative of bloodstream infection according to centers for disease control definitions. statistically significant differences were found between the systems for the fo ... | 1993 | 8370739 |
| further observations on the induction of immunity by hemolymph transfer in galleria mellonella. | humoral immune responses of galleria mellonella larvae were provoked by transfer of hemolymph lysate supernatant preparations (hls) from untreated donor larvae to recipient larvae. eighteen hours after transfer the antibacterial activity in cell-free hemolymph of recipient larvae was as high as after injection of high dosages of living enterobacter cloacae beta 12 bacteria. filtration of hls (fhls; 0.2 microns filter) prior to injection enhanced its induction capacity. injection of fhls concentr ... | 1993 | 8375564 |
| evaluation of a commercial dna purification system for plasmid analysis of nosocomial bacterial pathogens. | this study evaluated the promega magic minipreps (mm) (promega corporation, madison, wi) dna purification system for use in plasmid analysis of common nosocomial bacterial pathogens. the mm system is a kit that includes lysis solutions and buffers and incorporates a minicolumn of dna binding resin for recovery of plasmid dna. the mm system was used according to the manufacturer's directions to recover plasmids for agarose gel electrophoresis from clinical isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus, ... | 1993 | 8379541 |
| sequences of wild-type and mutant ampd genes of citrobacter freundii and enterobacter cloacae. | the ampd gene product regulates the expression of ampc beta-lactamase in gram-negative bacteria and is proposed to be involved in peptidoglycan metabolism. in this study, we sequenced the ampd wild type and three mutant genes of enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii. they exhibited a high degree of homology with the corresponding gene of escherichia coli except in the carboxy termini, where, in the wild-type genes of e. cloacae and c. freundii, four additional amino acids yielding the se ... | 1993 | 8383940 |
| comparative antimicrobial activity of lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enoxacin against > 500 bacterial isolates. | an agar dilution technique was used to compare the antimicrobial activities of lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin and enoxacin against 544 strains of bacterial isolates. among the five quinolone agents tested, ciprofloxacin was the most active. enoxacin was the most active after ciprofloxacin against escherichia coli, enterobacter aerogenes, proteus mirabilis, shigella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, and haemophilus influenzae with an mic90 of < or = 0.25 micrograms/ml. ofloxacin ... | 1993 | 8396196 |
| kinetics and mechanism of beta-lactamase inhibition by phosphonamidates: the quest for a proton. | four phosphonamidates were synthesized as potential beta-lactamase inhibitors. three were methanephosphonamidates [ch3po2-nhr/ar, where r/ar = 4-methoxybenzyl (3a), phenyl (3b), and m-nitrophenyl (3c)], while the fourth, phch2oconhch2po2-nhph (2a), also contained a beta-lactamase active site-directed amido side chain. the ph-rate profiles for the hydrolyses of these compounds in the absence of enzyme demonstrated the necessity of nitrogen protonation in the transition state; the reactive neutral ... | 1993 | 8399224 |
| onset of life-threatening ventriculitis during ceftazidime therapy for nosocomial pneumonia due to enterobacter cloacae. | 1993 | 8399893 | |
| antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of unripe papaya. | the meat, seed and pulp of carica papaya linn., a popular traditional medicinal herb grown in the tropics, was shown by the agar-cup method to be bacteriostatic against several enteropathogens such as bacillus subtilis, enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, staphylococcus aureus, proteus vulgaris, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and klebsiella pneumoniae. the same parts of papaya were unequivocably demonstrated by electron spin resonance spectrometry to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl ... | 1993 | 8412504 |
| gas gangrene in a pediatric liver transplant due to infection by enterobacter cloacae. | 1993 | 8414771 | |
| an electronmicroscope study of the effect of sulphadiazine and trimethoprim on enterobacter cloacae. | electronmicroscopy of thin sections of log phase cells of enterobacter cloacae nctc 10005 grown for 4 h in the presence of sulphadiazine 250 micrograms/ml, trimethoprim 12.5 microliters/ml or the combination of sulphadiazine 250 micrograms/ml plus trimethoprim 12.5 micrograms/ml indicated that both agents caused marked morphological damage even though the mic of sulphadiazine for the e. cloacae strain was > 3000 micrograms/ml. the damage took the form of electron-transparent areas devoid of ribo ... | 1993 | 8418297 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of e1077, a novel parenteral cephalosporin. | e1077, a new injectable cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum and potent antibacterial activity, was evaluated for its in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities in comparison with those of cefpirome, cefuzonam, ceftazidime, and cefotaxime. e1077 showed broad in vitro antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus, e1077 was as active as cefpirome; the mic for 90% of strains tested (mic90) was 1.0 micr ... | 1993 | 8431019 |
| effect of ampicillin versus cefuroxime on the emergence of beta-lactam resistance in faecal enterobacter cloacae isolates from neonates. | enterobacter cloacae strains dominated the aerobic faecal flora of 8.3% of 953 infants discharged from 32 swedish neonatal intensive care units and the susceptibility of these strains to seven beta-lactam antibiotics was determined. isolates from infants treated with cefuroxime showed slightly increased mics only to ampicillin, cephalexin and cephalothin as compared to isolates from untreated infants matched for ward and time of sampling (p = 0.02). in contrast, e. cloacae isolates from ampicill ... | 1993 | 8444655 |
| peptidoglycan tripeptide content and cross-linking are altered in enterobacter cloacae induced to produce ampc beta-lactamase by glycine and d-amino acids. | induction of ampc beta-lactamase in enterobacter cloacae atcc 13047 by d-methionine, glycine, or d-tryptophan was accompanied by alterations in peptidoglycan composition and structure; in the case of d-methionine, it was also accompanied by morphologic changes. a decrease in peptidoglycan tripeptides was seen. with glycine, there was an increase in the proportion of diaminopimelic-diaminopimelic cross-links. the possible implications of these changes for beta-lactamase induction are discussed. | 1993 | 8444815 |
| determinants of the activity of beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations. | inhibitor combinations provide one strategy to overcome beta-lactamase-mediated resistance. their success depends, obviously, on the inhibitor being able to bind and inactivate the beta-lactamase molecules. clavulanate, sulbactam and tazobactam are irreversible inactivators of many beta-lactamases, forming covalent complexes which resist hydrolysis. 'suicide' kinetics are seen with some, but not all, enzymes. all three compounds inactivate staphylococcal penicillinase, the chromosomal beta-lacta ... | 1993 | 8449836 |
| [a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis with ascites caused by hypoproteinemia after a massive bleeding from a gastric ulcer]. | a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) developed in an old man whose ascitic fluid was related neither to portal hypertension nor nephrotic syndrome, but with severe hypoalbuminemia emerged after a massive bleeding from a gastric ulcer in a malnutrition state. ascitic fluid, increasing day by day, yielded enterobacter cloacae and bacteroides fragilis. though autopsy was not carried out because of refusal of his family, neither liver necropsy, nor abdominal ct scan nor repeated abdomin ... | 1993 | 8450277 |
| decimal assay for additivity of drugs permits delineation of synergy and antagonism. | although there are many in vitro tests for drug interactions, few possess a linear, predictable dose-dependent end point or have a precise definition for additivity. therefore, a new test with both of these features, the decimal assay for additivity, was developed. this test is based on a disk diffusion assay and the strict linear relationship between drug mass and size of the inhibition zone. when the decimal assay for additivity was applied to combinations known on a mechanistic basis to be ad ... | 1993 | 8452356 |
| effects on cell morphology of growing pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae and staphylococcus aureus in subinhibitory concentrations of p-aminobenzoic acid. | light microscopy and electron microscopy studies with enterobacter cloacae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus grown in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations of p-aminobenzoic acid indicate that p-aminobenzoic acid may have a direct or indirect effect on the cell walls. the morphological effects of p-aminobenzoic acid varied with different bacterial species. e. cloacae grown in the presence of p-aminobenzoic acid produced filaments while p. aeruginosa cells were elongated an ... | 1993 | 8459778 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of fk-037, a parenteral cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of fk-037, 5-amino-2-[[(6r, 7r)-7-[[(z)-2-(2-amino-4-thiazolyl)-2- methoxyimino) acetyl] amino]-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1- azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]methyl]-1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1h-pyrazoli um hydroxide, inner salt, sulfate (1:1), a new parenteral cephem, was compared with those of cefepime, ceftazidime, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin. fk-037 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylocci at < or = 4 micrograms/ml. of 98 isolates of homogenous methicillin-resistant staphyloco ... | 1993 | 8460925 |
| bacterial load of cockroaches in relation to urban environment. | sanitation is an important problem in relation to the control of pests in urban environments. this investigation analysed the potential risk related to the presence of cockroaches and their capacity for disseminating bacteria in six different types of buildings: hospital nursing area and out-patient area, swimming-pool pool-side and toilet area, low-income flats and food-handling places. fifty-six species of bacteria were identified from 157 samples, 14 of these have previously been reported as ... | 1993 | 8472775 |
| effect of antibiotics on endotoxin release from gram-negative bacteria. | antibiotics may inhibit bacterial growth or may kill bacteria by inhibiting cell wall synthesis or protein synthesis. the amount of endotoxin released during antibiotic action has been found to be clinically important. nine antibiotics, representing seven classes, were studied for the amounts of endotoxin released during their action on susceptible strains of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. staphylococcus aureus, which produces no endoto ... | 1993 | 8477572 |
| importance of beta-lactamase induction. | induction of an enzyme is a temporary phenomenon in which the rate of enzyme synthesis is greatly increased in response to the presence of an inducer in the environment. induction of beta-lactamase synthesis is important for the resistance of staphylococci to penicillins since the drug both induces synthesis of the enzyme and is hydrolysed by it. similarly, some compounds both strongly induce and are hydrolysed by the chromosomally-determined beta-lactamases of gram-negative bacilli (e.g. amoxic ... | 1993 | 8477758 |
| comparison of chemical assay, bioassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and dot blot hybridization for detection of aerobactin in members of the family enterobacteriaceae. | in order to determine the best strategy for detection of aerobactin in members of the family enterobacteriaceae, we compared the results of three phenotypic assays, including a chemical assay, a cross-feeding bioassay, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), with the results of a dot blot hybridization assay using a specific probe for the aerobactin genes. the sensitivity and specificity of the elisa were better than those of the chemical and cross-feeding assays, but the results of do ... | 1993 | 8481015 |
| the pseudomonas cepacia 249 chromosomal penicillinase is a member of the ampc family of chromosomal beta-lactamases. | pseudomonas cepacia 249 produces an inducible beta-lactamase with penicillinase activity. the nucleotide sequence of the pena gene, which encodes this beta-lactamase, was determined and found to include regions with a significant homology to the ampc-encoded beta-lactamases of members of the family enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the predicted amino acid sequence of the pena beta-lactamase contained 17 amino acids immediately preceding the putative active-site serine which were hi ... | 1993 | 8494361 |
| single-dose pharmacokinetics and safety of ha-1a, a human igm anti-lipid-a monoclonal antibody, in pediatric patients with sepsis syndrome. | the pharmacokinetics and safety of ha-1a (nebacumab), a human igm monoclonal antibody with specificity for the lipid a region of endotoxin, were evaluated in a multicenter trial of pediatric patients with sepsis syndrome or septic shock. forty-two patients received a total of 44 infusions of drug, at a dose of 3 mg/kg (maximum 100 mg). the mean age was 7 years 10 months (range, 11 months to 16 years 7 months). the pharmacokinetic behavior of ha-1a during 36 hours was best described by a one-comp ... | 1993 | 8501580 |
| a dramatic change in the rate-limiting step of beta-lactam hydrolysis results from the substitution of the active-site serine residue by a cysteine in the class-c beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae 908r. | a cysteine residue has been substituted for the active-site serine of the class-c beta-lactamase produced by enterobacter cloacae 908r by site-directed mutagenesis. the modified protein exhibited drastically reduced kcat./km values on all tested substrates. however, this decrease was due to increased km values with some substrates and to decreased kcat. values with others. these apparently contradictory results could be explained by a selective influence of the mutation on the first-order rate c ... | 1993 | 8503887 |
| [chemotherapy with imipenem/cilastatin for severe infections accompanied by malignant hematological disorders]. | the clinical and bacteriological efficacy of imipenem/cilastatin (ipm/cs) was evaluated in 30 cases of serious infections associated with hematological malignancies. 1. among 28 evaluable cases, excellent efficacy was obtained in 6 cases and good effectiveness in 10 cases, resulting in a high clinical efficacy rate (57.1%). the clinical effectiveness of ipm/cs was not dependent on neutrophil count in peripheral blood. a 53.8% efficacy rate was observed in 26 cases which had received pretreatment ... | 1993 | 8510323 |
| focused microbiologic surveillance by specific hospital unit: practical application and clinical utility. | focused microbiologic surveillance by specific hospital intensive care units (icus) revealed important differences in the occurrence of pathogens among units and at different times. moreover, there were striking differences between the antibiogram summaries from certain icus and those from the hospital as a whole. accordingly, an ongoing focused microbiologic surveillance was conducted for hospital icus to define unit-specific problems more clearly. to apply these data practically, results of fo ... | 1993 | 8513456 |
| biochemical properties of a carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase from enterobacter cloacae and cloning of the gene into escherichia coli. | a clinical isolate of enterobacter cloacae, strain nor-1, exhibited resistance to imipenem and remained susceptible to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. clavulanic acid partially restored the susceptibility of the strain to imipenem. two beta-lactamases with isoelectric points (pi) of 6.9 and > 9.2 were detected in strain e. cloacae nor-1; the higher pi corresponded to ampc cephalosporinase. plasmid dna was not detected in e. cloacae nor-1 and imipenem resistance could not be transferred into es ... | 1993 | 8517720 |
| fate of enterobacter cloacae jp120 and alcaligenes eutrophus aeo106(pro101) in soil during water stress: effects on culturability and viability. | a sandy loam soil near field capacity moisture content (psi = -0.050 mpa) or air dried (psi = -300 mpa) was inoculated with about 3 x 10(7) cfu of enterobacter cloacae jp120 and alcaligenes eutrophus aeo106(pro101) per g and incubated in 40-g portions at 17 degrees c in closed or open erlenmeyer flasks. in the field-moist soil, selective plating, direct viable counts, and dna hybridization showed only minor changes in the numbers of e. cloacae and a. eutrophus cells with time (14 days), and the ... | 1993 | 8517752 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1990). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 848 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of june 1990 to may 1991. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 23.9% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 76.1% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis: ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ... | 1995 | 8544334 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1991). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 751 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of june 1991 to may 1992. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.6% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.4% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8544337 |
| pyrolysis mass spectrometry of cephalosporin-resistant enterobacter cloacae. | thirteen clinical and four environmental isolates of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant enterobacter cloacae (crec) together with single isolates from the hands of a nurse and from a blood gas analyser were associated with two clusters of nosocomial infection. with an unrelated crec isolate they had been typed by serotype, biotype, ribotype and phage-type and were examined by pyrolysis mass spectrometry (pyms) as described here. pyms data yielded two clusters, major and minor. all except o ... | 1995 | 8551027 |
| ascorbate as an induction inhibitor of beta-lactamase in a strain of enterobacter cloacae. | the effect of ascorbate and anaerobiosis of beta-lactamase content (constitutive and inducible) in relation to the susceptibility of a standard strain of enterobacter cloacae to ampicillin was studied. enterobacter cloacae atcc 13047 showed increasing susceptibility to ampicillin when incubated anaerobically in the presence of increasing concentrations of ascorbic acid. the inducible beta-lactamase activity in the cell-free extracts of ent. cloacae decreased when the bacterium was grown aerobica ... | 1995 | 8554767 |
| catheter related bacterial infections mimic reactions to exogenous pyrogens during hemodialysis. | pyrogenic reactions are characterized by fever, chills, hypotension, or a combination of these developing during or shortly after hemodialysis in a previously asymptomatic patient. the temporal association with treatment implicates exposure of the patient's blood to bacterial pyrogens from contaminated dialysate or a reused dialyzer. routine body temperature monitoring is recommended to detect these exposures. the current study was prompted by the appearance of several symptomatic febrile episod ... | 1994 | 8555599 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1992). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 732 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 11 hospitals during the period of june 1992 to may 1993. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 35.4% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 64.6% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8558754 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1993). i. susceptibility distribution]. | the frequencies of isolation and susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents were investigated on 657 bacterial strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in 10 hospitals during the period of june 1993 to may 1994. of the above total bacterial isolates, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.3% and a majority of them were enterococcus faecalis. gram-negative bacteria accounted for 71.7% and most of them were escherichia coli. 1. enterococcus faecalis ampicillin (abpc), imipenem ( ... | 1995 | 8558757 |
| [systemic fat necrosis and septic arthritis in acute pancreatitis]. | systemic fatty necrosis secondary to acute pancreatitis was diagnosed in a 47-year-old man with high fever and painful nodules on the arms and the upper legs. this was complicated by fatal septic shock, septic arthritis and extensive soft tissue infections with enterobacter cloacae, which was unsuccessfully treated with several antibiotic regimens, and from which the patient died. | 1996 | 8569908 |
| typing of sequential bacterial isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | we typed 39 sets of multiple bacterial isolates of the same species from patients by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of genomic dna (pfge). isolates were cultured from different sites or over a 2-week or longer interval. staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and enterobacter cloacae were tested. excluding e. cloacae, 28 of 32 sets of isolates (87%) demonstrated only identical or highly related pfge types. four of the seven ... | 1995 | 8582134 |
| the relationship between antecedent antibiotic use and resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in group i beta-lactamase-producing organisms. | gram-negative pathogens are increasingly resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (escs). using a prospective, case-controlled observational study, we examined the prevalence and the risk factors for development of resistance to escs in group i beta-lactamase-producing organisms. of the 386 isolates of enterobacter species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, citrobacter species, and serratia marsescens from 340 consecutive patients, 70 (18.1%) were resistant to escs; the highest rates of resistance we ... | 1995 | 8589129 |
| in vitro antibacterial properties of t-5575 and t-5578 novel parenteral 2-carboxypenams. | t-5575 and t-5578, novel 2-carboxypenams in which a carboxyl group has been introduced into the c-2 beta position of the nucleus, were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial properties. the spectrum of activity of t-5575 was similar to that of aztreonam. however, it showed stronger activities than those of aztreonam against most gram-negative bacteria. t-5575 also showed potent activities against isolates of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, and pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to ... | 1995 | 8593021 |
| levels and identities of nonrhizobial microorganisms found in commercial legume inoculant made with nonsterile peat carrier. | sixty samples of commercial north american legume inoculants manufactured for sale in 1994 using nonsterile peat as carrier were tested for rhizobium (or bradyrhizobium) content and non-rhizobium biological contaminant load. products of three major producers of such inoculants for sale in canada were examined. viable rhizobium content varied from 5.6 x 10(5) to 8.1 x 10(9) cells/g, while the contaminant load varied from 1.8 x 10(8) to 5.5 x 10(10) cfu/g. most of the inoculants contained more non ... | 1996 | 8595599 |
| bacteremia in a pediatric hemodialysis unit secondary to enterococcus fecalis. | bacteremia is often a serious and recurring problem in children with hemodialysis catheters. we report an outbreak of enterococcus bacteremia in a pediatric hemodialysis unit occurring from june 1992 to june 1993. during this period, 18 episodes of bacteremia occurred in eight children; 11 infections were polymicrobial. enterococcus fecalis was associated with 13 infections in five patients (8 polymicrobial). other pathogens included enterobacter cloacae (5 infections), staphylococcus (3), staph ... | 1996 | 8611357 |
| visceral injuries, wound infection and sepsis following electrical injuries. | visceral injuries, wound infection and sepsis were investigated in 226 inpatients who sustained electrical burns over a period of 15 years. four patients who sustained thoracic and abdominal organ injuries were noted in this series. the patients had injuries of the small intestine, stomach, colon and the lung. all the patients received operative treatment. two of them died of sepsis. injuries to the internal organs should always be considered following high-voltage injuries, and they should be m ... | 1996 | 8634129 |
| kinetics and mechanism of the hydrolysis of depsipeptides catalyzed by the beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae p99. | the steady-state kinetics and mechanism of the hydrolysis and aminolysis of a series of acyclic depsipeptides, catalyzed by the class c beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae p99, have been studied in order to more firmly establish the nature of the transition states involved. the class c beta-lactamase of enterobacter cloacae p99 was employed. the depsipeptide substrates contained a constant acyl group, (phenylacetyl)glycyl, and chemically different leaving groups, m-carboxyphenoxide, m-carboxy ... | 1996 | 8639511 |
| beta-secondary and solvent deuterium kinetic isotope effects on beta-lactamase catalysis. | beta-secondary and solvent deuterium kinetic isotope effects have been determined for the steady-state kinetic parameters v/k and v for turnover of a depsipeptide substrate, m-[[(phenylacetyl)glycyl]-oxy]benzoic acid, and of a beta-lactam substrate, penicillanic acid, by three typical class a beta-lactamases and a class c beta-lactamase. the isotope effects on alkaline hydrolysis of these substrates have been used as a frame of reference. the effect of the transition state conformation of the su ... | 1996 | 8639512 |