Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| factors influencing consumer demand for u.s. pork exported to the republic of korea (south korea). | the potential market for single-ribbed bellies and boston butts in south korea was characterized and quantitative selection criteria were identified for use by u.s. packers when selecting pork for export. south korean retail meat market managers and traders/wholesalers in seoul and pusan were interviewed and asked to identify the quality attributes that are considered when making pork-purchasing decisions. in addition, pork labeling characteristics and meat display case measurements and space al ... | 2001 | 11325196 |
| the microbiological effects of trimming sticking wounds in pasteurized pig carcasses. | neither pasteurizing of uneviscerated carcasses nor trimming reduced the numbers of total aerobic bacteria recovered from sticking wounds in pig carcasses. however, trimming after pasteurizing increased the numbers of coliforms and escherichia coli recovered from sticking wounds, whereas pasteurizing without trimming reduced these counts. | 2001 | 11326635 |
| a longitudinal study on enteropathogenic infections of livestock in trinidad. | a longitudinal study was conducted on selected livestock farms to determine the prevalence of enteropathogens in diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic animals. the enteropathogens assayed from faecal samples and rectal swabs were bacteria (escherichia coli, campylobacter spp. salmonella spp. and yersinia enterocolitica), parasites (coccidia, gastrointestinal nematodes and cryptosporidium spp.) and viruses (group a rotavirus and parvovirus). the prevalence of the enteropathogens in various animal species ... | 2001 | 11340494 |
| evaluation of an optical microbiological method for rapidly estimating populations of aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and escherichia coli from ground pork. | the biosys optical methods for estimating populations of aerobic bacteria, coliforms, and escherichia coli from ground pork were evaluated. ground pork samples were analyzed immediately, after temperature abuse at 25 degrees c for various periods of time, or after temperature abuse and dilution by mixing with pork that was prepared by grinding whole muscles that had the outer portion excised using a sterile scalpel. each ground pork sample was tested using standard methods such as aerobic plate ... | 2001 | 11347998 |
| sequence analyses of a broad host-range plasmid containing ermt from a tylosin-resistant lactobacillus sp. isolated from swine feces. | anaerobic bacteria resistant to the macrolide antibiotics tylosin and erythromycin were isolated from the feces of swine. one of the strains, 121b, was initially identified by 16s rdna sequence analysis as an unknown lactobacillus sp. the strain was found to contain at least two plasmids, one of which was capable of replicating and providing erythromycin and tylosin resistance to bacillus subtilis, streptococcus gordonii, and escherichia coli. dna sequence analyses of the 4,232-bp plasmid, p121b ... | 2001 | 11375658 |
| african swine fever virus structural protein pe120r is essential for virus transport from assembly sites to plasma membrane but not for infectivity. | this report examines the role of african swine fever virus (asfv) structural protein pe120r in virus replication. immunoelectron microscopy revealed that protein pe120r localizes at the surface of the intracellular virions. consistent with this, coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that protein pe120r binds to the major capsid protein p72. moreover, it was found that, in cells infected with an asfv recombinant that inducibly expresses protein p72, the incorporation of pe120r into the virus partic ... | 2001 | 11435554 |
| high-level soluble production and characterization of porcine ribonuclease inhibitor. | ribonucleases can be cytotoxic if they retain their ribonucleolytic activity in the cytosol. the cytosolic ribonucleolytic activity of ribonuclease a (rnase a) and other pancreatic-type ribonucleases is limited by the presence of excess ribonuclease inhibitor (ri). ri is a 50-kda cytosolic scavenger of pancreatic-type ribonucleases that competitively inhibits their ribonucleolytic activity. ri had been overproduced as inclusion bodies, but its folding in vitro is inefficient. here, porcine ri (p ... | 2001 | 11437592 |
| risk factors for intestinal pathogens in danish finishing pig herds. | the objective of this investigation was to identify risk factors for infection with the intestinal bacteria: lawsonia intracellularis, brachyspira hyodysenteriae, serpulina intermedia, brachyspira innocens, brachyspira pilosicoli and swine-pathogenic escherichia coli (serogroups o138, o139, o141 and o149) in danish finishing pig herds.a total of 79 herds was randomly selected and visited during 1998. from each herd, 20 faecal samples were collected from individual pigs weighing 30-50 kg. in tota ... | 2001 | 11448502 |
| retinol palmitate counteracts oxidative injury during experimental septic shock. | retinols seem to be of clinical importance in ameliorating the clinical consequences of septic shock. these beneficial effects of retinols are suggested to be due to an antioxidant property. the present study was undertaken in order to confirm or rule out such an effect of retinol palmitate (rp) in experimental septic shock by measuring f2-isoprostanes and a major prostaglandin f2 alpha metabolite as indicators of oxidative injury and inflammatory response, respectively. | 2001 | 11455740 |
| identification of the enzymatic active site of tobacco caffeoyl-coenzyme a o-methyltransferase by site-directed mutagenesis. | animal catechol o-methyltransferases and plant caffeoyl-coenzyme a o-methyltransferases share about 20% sequence identity and display common structural features. the crystallographic structure of rat liver catechol o-methyltransferase was used as a template to construct a homology model for tobacco caffeoyl-coenzyme a o-methyltransferase. integrating substrate specificity data, the three-dimensional model identified several amino acid residues putatively involved in substrate binding. these resi ... | 2001 | 11459845 |
| effects of nondigestible oligosaccharides on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and nonpathogenic escherichia coli in the pig small intestine in vitro. | an in vitro intestinal tissue model was developed for the investigation of bacterial association in the pig small intestine under different dietary regimes. in preliminary experiments, jejunal and ileal tissue was taken from danish landrace pigs fed standard diet and inoculated with either salmonella or nonpathogenic escherichia coli strains. higher numbers of salmonellae associated with the ileal tissues, but the numbers did not reach significance. hence, jejunal sections were inoculated with n ... | 2001 | 11472909 |
| prevalence of eaea+ escherichia coli isolated from pigs with diarrhea. | a total of 600 escherichia coli strains isolated from 382 preweaned and 197 postweaned pigs with diarrhea were tested for the presence of the eaea gene by polymerase chain reaction techniques. of the 393 isolates from preweaned pigs, 23 (5.8%) e. coli strains isolated from 23 pigs carried the eaea gene. of the 207 isolates from postweaned pigs, 9 (4.3%) e. coli strains isolated from 9 pigs carried the eaea gene. the results suggest that eaea+ e. coli is associated with diarrhea in pre- and postw ... | 2001 | 11478612 |
| assay of malate dehydrogenase. a substrate for the e. coli chaperonins groel and groes. | 2000 | 11484479 | |
| gastroprokinetic effect and mechanism of sk-896, a new motilin analogue, during the interdigestive period in conscious dogs. | sk-896 [(leu(13))motilin-hse] is a new human motilin analogue synthesized from escherichia coli using a biotechnological method. we investigated the gastrointestinal motor-stimulating effect of sk-896 and the mechanism of this effect using implanted force transducers in conscious dogs. infusion of sk-896 during phase i in the interdigestive state induced interdigestive migrating contractions like motility in the gastroduodenum. the motility index (mi(0-20)) of gastric antrum motor activity induc ... | 2001 | 11490202 |
| aerosolized surfactant therapy for endotoxin-induced experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome in rats. | we have compared the effects of inhalation of aerosolized surfactant on experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome. escherichia coli endotoxin (55 (sd 20) mg kg(-1)) was injected into the tracheas of 36 adult rats anaesthetized and mechanically ventilated with pure oxygen. when the pa(o(2)) decreased to 11.3 (3.3) kpa, the animals were randomly subjected to inhalation of aerosolized modified natural surfactant (mns) for 0 min (control group), 30, 60, and 120 min. in the control group, pa(o ... | 2001 | 11493500 |
| effects of combined selective inos inhibition and peroxynitrite blockade during endotoxemia in pigs. | we investigated the effect of mercaptoethylguanidine (meg, 3 mg kg(-1)h(-1)), a combined selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) inhibitor, a peroxynitrite and oxygen free radical scavenger with cyclooxygenase-inhibitor properties on intestinal and hepatic perfusion, o2 exchange, and metabolism during long-term hyperdynamic porcine endotoxemia. meg was started 12 h after onset of endotoxemia. at baseline and after 12, 18, and 24 h of endotoxemia, hepatic arterial and portal venous blood ... | 2001 | 11508865 |
| mutagenesis of hepatitis c virus e1 protein affects its membrane-permeabilizing activity. | the e1 glycoprotein of hepatitis c virus is a transmembrane glycoprotein with a c-terminal anchor domain. when expressed in escherichia coli, e1 induces a change in membrane permeability that is toxic to the bacterial cell. the c-terminal hydrophobic region (aa 331-383) of e1 is mainly responsible for membrane association and for inducing changes in membrane permeability. these observed changes are similar to those produced in e. coli by influenza virus m2, human immunodeficiency virus gp41 and ... | 2001 | 11514735 |
| irreversible inhibition of pig kidney copper-containing amine oxidase by sodium and lithium ions. | copper amine oxidase was found to be inhibited in a complex way by small alkali metal ions. classic enzyme kinetic studies showed that li+ and na+ were weak noncompetitive inhibitors, whereas the larger alkali metals k+, rb+ and cs+ were not inhibitors. however, freezing in the presence of na+ or li+ surprisingly resulted in complete and irreversible inactivation. in the case of li+, it was possible to show that one ion per subunit was retained permanently in the inactivated enzyme, suggesting a ... | 2001 | 11532005 |
| a comparison of the groe chaperonin requirements for sequentially and structurally homologous malate dehydrogenases: the importance of folding kinetics and solution environment. | escherichia coli malate dehydrogenase (ecmdh) and its eukaryotic counterpart, porcine mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (pmmdh), are highly homologous proteins with significant sequence identity (60%) and virtually identical native structural folds. despite this homology, ecmdh folds rapidly and efficiently in vitro and does not seem to interact with groe chaperonins at physiological temperatures (37 degrees c), whereas pmmdh folds much slower than ecmdh and requires these chaperonins to fold t ... | 2001 | 11551947 |
| postovulatory effect of intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (escherichia coli, o55:b5) on the endocrine status of recently ovulated sows. | the effects of lipopolysaccharide (escherichia coli, o55:b5), administered 18 h after ovulation in the second oestrus after weaning on the hormonal profiles in 14 swedish cross-bred (landrace x yorkshire) multiparous sows were studied. the endotoxin group (e-group) sows were administered with 300 ng/kg of lipopolysaccharide (lps) whereas the control group (c-group) sows were administered 5 ml of saline intravenously via an indwelling jugular cannula. blood samples for hormonal analyses were coll ... | 2001 | 11555362 |
| detection of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in cultures from nasal and tonsillar swabs of pigs by a pcr assay based on the nucleotide sequence of a dsbe-like gene. | a pcr assay for the detection of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was developed based on the amplification of a dsbe-like gene. all of 157 field isolates of a. pleuropneumoniae reacted in the pcr by the amplification of a 342bp product. no reaction was observed with related bacterial species or other bacterial species isolated from pigs, except for a. lignieresii. the lower detection limit of the pcr was 10(2) cfu per pcr test tube and was not affected by the addition of 10(6) cfu escherichia col ... | 2001 | 11557155 |
| chromosomal integration and expression of the escherichia coli k88 gene cluster in salmonella enterica ser. choleraesuis strain 54 (sc54). | attempts to develop live vaccines to protect against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) infection by induction of both cell-mediated and mucosal immunity, and serum antibody responses have included use of recombinant salmonella strains that produce k88 fimbrial antigens (hone et al., 1988; attridge et al., 1988; morona et al., 1994). however, none of the recombinant salmonella vectors has been licensed by the united states department of agriculture (usda) for use as a live vaccine in pigs i ... | 2001 | 11557158 |
| evidence for transfer of cmy-2 ampc beta-lactamase plasmids between escherichia coli and salmonella isolates from food animals and humans. | escherichia coli is an important pathogen that shows increasing antimicrobial resistance in isolates from both animals and humans. our laboratory recently described salmonella isolates from food animals and humans that expressed an identical plasmid-mediated, ampc-like beta-lactamase, cmy-2. in the present study, 59 of 377 e. coli isolates from cattle and swine (15.6%) and 6 of 1,017 (0.6%) isolates of human e. coli from the same geographic region were resistant to both cephamycins and extended- ... | 2001 | 11557460 |
| salmonella spp. and escherichia coli biotype i on swine carcasses processed under the hazard analysis and critical control point-based inspection models project. | the present study examined the prevalence of salmonella spp. and the prevalence and quantity of generic (biotype i) escherichia coli on carcasses or in pig feces at a pork processing plant operating under the hazard analysis and critical control point-based inspection models project (himp) program. the surfaces of carcasses were sponged on 10 separate days over a 30-day period at two processing steps: (i) immediately following exsanguination (100 carcasses), and (ii) after the carcasses were was ... | 2001 | 11563504 |
| improved vectors for expression library immunization--application to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs. | expression library immunization (eli) has previously been used in a number of disease models in mice. here, we describe the first example of the application of eli to a large animal model with the immunization of pigs against enzootic pneumonia, a disease caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. the development of new plasmid vectors and library screening methods facilitated the application of eli to this disease by allowing random libraries to be screened for clones expressing recombinant proteins. ... | 2001 | 11567754 |
| [comparative evaluation of the neutrophilokine-inducing activity of yersinia pestis ev and escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides]. | as shown in this study, neutrophilokine-inducing capacity of y. pestis ev lipopolysaccharide (lps) was not inferior to, and in secondary immune response even exceeded, that of e. coli lps. neutrophilokines synthesized under the action of the former preparation produced greater influence on the inhibition of macrophage migration from the focus of infection, the phagocytic activity of these cells (in secondary immune response) and the labilization of the lysosomic membranes of macrophages than neu ... | 2001 | 11569259 |
| [chronic experimental bacteremia in yucatan micropigs]. | the yucatan micropig has been used to develop an experimental model of chronic bacteremia. this animal exhibits clinical and biological characteristics that are close to those in humans, and the pharmacokinetic behaviours of many classes of drugs in this model are similar to those in man. six adult female were intravenously inoculated with a mean escherichia coli inoculum of 5.1 x 10(9) bacteria. during five days of spontaneous evolution, the medical follow-up includes biological, clinical and b ... | 2001 | 11642022 |
| comparative analysis of folding and substrate binding sites between regulated hexameric type ii citrate synthases and unregulated dimeric type i enzymes. | we describe the first structure determination of a type ii citrate synthase, an enzyme uniquely found in gram-negative bacteria. such enzymes are hexameric and are strongly and specifically inhibited by nadh through an allosteric mechanism. this is in contrast to the widespread dimeric type i citrate synthases found in other organisms, which do not show allosteric properties. our structure of the hexameric type ii citrate synthase from escherichia coli is composed of three identical dimer units ... | 2001 | 11683626 |
| in vitro binding characteristics and affinity for sulfatide of escherichia coli stb enterotoxin. | it has previously been demonstrated that sulfatide (3'-sulfogalactosyl-ceramide), present at the surface of epithelial cells of the small intestine of pigs, interacts with the thermostable enterotoxin b (stb) produced by etec, and that this molecule is implicated in the mechanism of action of the toxin. however, few things are known about the affinity and physical characteristics of the interaction between these two macromolecules. in this study, using a microtiter plate binding assay (mpba), we ... | 2001 | 11697082 |
| [immunotropic activity of panaxans--bioglycans isolated from ginseng]. | immunomodulating activity of panaxanes--polysaccharides isolated from the roots and culture of panax ginseng was studied. effects of both preparations were analogous. profilaxy use of panaxanes provided increased resistance to coli-sepsis in mice, increased neutrophiles and macrophages phagocytosis, stimulated humoral and cell immune factors and induced important regulating cytokins--interferone gamma and tumor necrosis factor. | 2001 | 11697239 |
| prevalence and characteristics of shigatoxin-producing escherichia coli and listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from minced meat in switzerland. | a total of 400 minced meat samples from 240 small butcheries in switzerland were collected and analysed for the presence of shigatoxin-producing e. coli (stec) and listeria monocytogenes. the samples comprised 211 samples of minced beef and 189 samples of minced pork. shigatoxin-producing e. coli was isolated from 7/400 (1.75%) samples. in particular, 5/211 (2.3%) minced beef samples and 2/189 (1%) minced pork samples were contaminated. serotyping of the seven strains yielded five different sero ... | 2001 | 11759763 |
| phenotypic and genotypic characterization of escherichia coli verotoxin-producing isolates from humans and pigs. | the aim of this study was to characterize verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) isolates obtained from humans and pigs in the same geographic areas and during the same period of time in order to determine whether porcine vtec isolates could be related to human cases of diarrhea and also to detect the presence of virulence factors in these isolates. from 1,352 human and 620 porcine fecal samples, 11 human and 18 porcine verotoxin-positive isolates were obtained by the vt immunoblot or the i ... | 2001 | 11770615 |
| microbial and quality attributes of ground pork prepared from commercial pork trim treated with combination intervention processes. | the effects of combination intervention treatments of commercial pork trim on microbial and quality attributes of the subsequent ground pork were examined. fresh commercial pork trim was inoculated with swine feces and subjected to five different intervention treatments: (i) control (untreated), (ii) water (15 degrees c, 120 s), (iii) water followed by 2% lactic acid wash (15 degrees c, 75 s), (iv) combination 1 (water plus lactic acid plus hot air [510 degrees c, 90 s]), and (v) combination 2 ( ... | 2001 | 11770627 |
| organic acid profiles in feces of pigs with pathogenic or non-pathogenic diarrhea. | a chemical characteristic of the feces of diarrheal piglets permits differentiation among piglets receiving antibiotic treatment and those with colibacillosis or dyspepsia. a high concentration of lactic or succinic acid was observed in the diarrheic feces of piglets receiving antibiotic treatments and those with dyspepsia; however, no lactic or succinic acids were detected in piglets with colibacillosis. there was, however, little difference in the total concentration of organic acids among the ... | 2001 | 11789618 |
| biochemical characterization of mouse microsomal prostaglandin e synthase-1 and its colocalization with cyclooxygenase-2 in peritoneal macrophages. | we cloned the cdna for mouse microsomal prostaglandin (pg) e synthase-1 (mpges-1) and expressed the recombinant enzyme in escherichia coli. the membrane fraction containing recombinant mpges-1 catalyzed the isomerization of pgh2 to pge2 in the presence of gsh with k(m) values of 130 microm for pgh2 and 37 microm for gsh, a turnover number of 600 min(-1), and a k(cat)/k(m) ratio of 4.6 min(-1) microm(-1). recombinant mpges-1 was purified and used to generate a polyclonal antibody highly specific ... | 2002 | 11795891 |
| effects of adenosine on extravascular lung water content in endotoxemic pigs. | to investigate whether adenosine protects against endotoxin-induced increments in extravascular lung water content. | 2001 | 11801842 |
| jejunal luminal nitric oxide during severe hypovolemia and sepsis in anesthetized pigs. | lowered gut blood perfusion and the associated intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction is considered important in the pathophysiology leading to critical illness. intestinal mucosal nitric oxide formation has been attributed a key role in the regulation of epithelial permeability and other properties of the intestinal mucosal barrier. this study was performed to delineate intestinal mucosal no formation during hypovolemia or sepsis, both of which are associated with intestinal hypoperfusion. | 2001 | 11810126 |
| nucleotide sequence and organization of plasmid pmvscs1 from mannheimia varigena: identification of a multiresistance gene cluster. | a small resistance plasmid of mannheimia varigena was analysed with regard to its gene organization and the development of a multiresistance gene cluster. | 2002 | 11815584 |
| antimicrobial resistance of escherichia coli o157 isolated from humans, cattle, swine, and food. | a total of 361 escherichia coli o157 isolates, recovered from humans, cattle, swine, and food during the years 1985 to 2000, were examined to better understand the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among these organisms. based on broth microdilution results, 220 (61%) of the isolates were susceptible to all 13 antimicrobials tested. ninety-nine (27%) of the isolates, however, were resistant to tetracycline, 93 (26%) were resistant to sulfamethoxazole, 61 (17%) were resistant to cephalothin, ... | 2002 | 11823193 |
| tandem function of nucleotide binding domains confers competence to sulfonylurea receptor in gating atp-sensitive k+ channels. | fundamental to the metabolic sensor function of atp-sensitive k(+) (k(atp)) channels is the sulfonylurea receptor. this atp-binding cassette protein, which contains nucleotide binding domains (nbd1 and nbd2) with conserved walker motifs, regulates the atp sensitivity of the pore-forming kir6.2 subunit. although nbd2 hydrolyzes atp, a property essential in k(atp) channel gating, the role of nbd1, which has limited catalytic activity, if at all, remains less understood. here, we provide functional ... | 2002 | 11825892 |
| genotypic prevalence of the fimbrial adhesins (f4, f5, f6, f41 and f18) and toxins (lt, sta, stb and stx2e) in escherichia coli isolated from postweaning pigs with diarrhoea or oedema disease in korea. | a pcr was used to determine the genotypic prevalence of five fimbrial adhesins (f4, f5, f6, f41 and f18), two heat-stable enterotoxins (sta and stb), the heat-labile enterotoxin (lt), and the shiga toxin 2e (stx2e) in 230 isolates of escherichia coli from postweaning pigs with diarrhoea or oedema disease. ninety-four (40.9 per cent) of the isolates carried genes for at least one of the fimbrial adhesins or toxins. genes for the f18 fimbrial adhesin were detected in 18.3 per cent, and genes for f ... | 2002 | 11829064 |
| development of a sandwich elisa and comparison with pcr for the detection of f11 and f165 fimbriated escherichia coli isolates from septicaemic disease in farm animals. | the p fimbriae f11 and f165 that have been demonstrated on escherichia coli septicaemic strains in poultry and calves, respectively, possess a nearly identical major subunit that demonstrates a serological cross-reaction. a polyclonal antibody-based sandwich elisa (selisa) that was specific for both f11 and f165 fimbriated strains was compared with a pcr method to detect f11/f165 fimbriated strains, in a collection of e. coli strains isolated from diseased animals. of 298 isolates tested, 36 wer ... | 2002 | 11852192 |
| contribution of fibronectin-binding protein to pathogenesis of streptococcus suis serotype 2. | in the present study we investigated the role of the fibronectin (fn)- and fibrinogen (fgn)-binding protein (fbps) in the pathogenesis of streptococcus suis serotype 2 in piglets. the complete gene encoding fbps from s. suis serotype 2 was cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. the occurrence of the gene in various serotypes was analyzed by hybridization studies. the fbps protein was expressed in e. coli and purified, and binding to human fn and fgn was demonstrated. the induction of antibodi ... | 2002 | 11854216 |
| a superoxide dismutase c mutant of haemophilus ducreyi is virulent in human volunteers. | haemophilus ducreyi produces a periplasmic copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (cu-zn sod), which is thought to protect the organism from exogenous reactive oxygen species generated by neutrophils during an inflammatory response. we had previously identified the gene, sodc, responsible for the production and secretion of cu-zn sod and constructed an isogenic h. ducreyi strain with a mutation in the sodc gene (35000hp-sodc-cat). compared to the parent, the mutant does not survive in the presence of ... | 2002 | 11854222 |
| haemolytic escherichia coli isolated from dogs with diarrhea have characteristics of both uropathogenic and necrotoxigenic strains. | twenty-four haemolytic escherichia coli strains were isolated from dogs with diarrhea. the strains were serotyped and analysed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for genes encoding virulence factors associated with e. coli that cause diarrhea in animals. adhesion antigen production was deduced from haemagglutination experiments. sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of heat extracts was also used as an indication for the production of adhesive structures. the major ... | 2002 | 11856586 |
| [detection of escherichia coli strains harboring pathogenicity island of yersinia enterolitica in diarrheal patients and animals in china]. | to investigate the prevalence of escherichia coil strains harboring high pathogenicity island of yersinia enterocolitica in diarrhea patients, animals, food samples and resulted clinical symptoms. | 2000 | 11860774 |
| transfer of multiple drug resistance plasmids between bacteria of diverse origins in natural microenvironments. | plasmids harboring multiple antimicrobial-resistance determinants (r plasmids) were transferred in simulated natural microenvironments from various bacterial pathogens of human, animal, or fish origin to susceptible strains isolated from a different ecological niche. r plasmids in a strain of the human pathogen vibrio cholerae o1 e1 tor and a bovine escherichia coli strain were conjugated to a susceptible strain of the fish pathogenic bacterium aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida in marine ... | 1994 | 11865872 |
| role of bile mucin in bacterial adherence to biliary stents. | biliary stent placement is a well-established method of relieving obstructive jaundice. however, a frequent complication is occlusion of the stent caused by bacterial biofilm formation and sludge accumulation. in this study we investigated the possible effect of bile mucin on bacterial adherence to biliary stents at the initial stage of biofilm formation. by means of an in vitro bile-perfusion system, polyethylene stents were perfused with pig gallbladder bile infected with escherichia coli. the ... | 2002 | 11873242 |
| continuous infusion of porcine factor viii: stability, microbiological safety and clinical experience. | porcine factor viii (pfviii) is an effective haemostatic treatment for bleeding in selected patients with fviii inhibitors. its use is sometimes associated with a transient fall in platelet count and transfusion reactions, the risk of which may be related to the rate of administration. theoretical considerations suggest that the administration of pfviii by continuous infusion should be effective, and could have pharmacokinetic advantages that lead to an improvement in the side-effect profile. th ... | 2002 | 11882076 |
| antimicrobial activity associated with extracellular matrices. | materials derived from extracellular matrices (ecms) are being evaluated as scaffolds for surgical reconstruction of damaged or missing tissues. it is important to understand the susceptibility of these biological materials to bacterial infections. ecms derived from porcine small intestinal submucosa (sis) and urinary bladder submucosa (ubs) were found to possess antimicrobial activity. ecm extracts, obtained by digesting these acellular matrices in acetic acid, demonstrated antibacterial activi ... | 2002 | 11886655 |
| effect of unilateral, intraovarian infusions of bacteria on ovarian morphology in gilts. | the aim of this study was to investigate whether unilateral, intraovarian infusions of bacteria might have induced morphological changes in the contralateral ovary. eleven sexually matured gilts with controlled estrous cycle were used. the animals were randomly divided into two groups: i (gr. i, treated; n = 4), and ii (gr. ii, control; n = 7). in gr. i, 1 ml of bacterial suspension (10(3) colony forming units/ml of saline of escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and corynebacterium pyogenes, ... | 2002 | 11905248 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, escherichia coli, and salmonella choleraesuis recovered from taiwanese swine. | minimum inhibition concentrations (mics) were determined for ampicillin, ceftiofur, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, gentamicin, lincomycin, lincospectin (lincomycin/spectinomycin), neomycin, premafloxacin, spectinomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and tetracycline against a total of 180 isolates of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, escherichia coli, and salmonella choleraesuis (60 each) clinically isolated from pigs on farms in taiwan from 1994 to 1996. no more than 3 isolates per ... | 2002 | 11939337 |
| effect of hemodiafiltration and sepsis on chemotaxis of granulocytes and the release of il-8 and il-10. | extracorporeal circulation, such as cardiopulmonary bypass and hemodialysis, has been associated with an activation of the immune system. continuous veno venous hemodiafiltration (cvvhd) is used in critically ill septic patients. during cvvhd, cytokines are excreted in ultrafiltrate. when the membranes, used in cvvhd, are incubated with leukocytes in vitro a slight production of cytokines is observed. due to the underlying disease it is difficult to investigate the effect of cvvhd in septic pati ... | 2002 | 11942860 |
| enhanced expression of plasmid dna-cationized gelatin complex by ultrasound in murine muscle. | this study is an investigation to experimentally confirm that ultrasound (us) irradiation is effective in enhancing the gene expression of plasmid dna. a cationized gelatin was prepared by introducing primary amino groups into gelatin. the plasmid of the lacz gene was complexed with the cationized gelatin and injected into the femoral muscle of normal mice. following us irradiation at the injected site of muscle, the gene expression of the treated muscle was evaluated to compare with that of the ... | 2002 | 11943410 |
| hormonal profile and morphological changes in pig ovaries after intraovarian infusions of escherichia coli endotoxin. | the purpose of this study was to estimate morphological changes in the ovary and size of the production of steroid hormones during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle in pigs after intraovarian infusions of escherichia coli endotoxin. polish large white gilts (n = 15) of similar age (7-8 months) and body weight (90-110 kg) with two controlled subsequent estrous cycles were used. the animals were randomly divided into two groups: control (n = 9, the 10th day of the estrous cycle,) and treated w ... | 2002 | 11944581 |
| vaccination of pregnant dams with intimin(o157) protects suckling piglets from escherichia coli o157:h7 infection. | cattle are important reservoirs of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7 that cause disease in humans. both dairy and beef cattle are asymptomatically and sporadically infected with ehec. our long-term goal is to develop an effective vaccine to prevent cattle from becoming infected and transmitting ehec o157:h7 to humans. we used passive immunization of neonatal piglets (as a surrogate model) to determine if antibodies against ehec o157 adhesin (intimin(o157)) inhibit ehec colonizati ... | 2002 | 11953378 |
| biofilm bacteria: formation and comparative susceptibility to antibiotics. | the calgary biofilm device (cbd) was used to form bacterial biofilms of selected veterinary gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria from cattle, sheep, pigs, chicken, and turkeys. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (mbec) of ampicillin, ceftiofur, cloxacillin, oxytetracycline, penicillin g, streptomycin, tetracycline, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, gentamicin, tilmicosin, and trimethoprim-sulfadoxine for gram-positive and -negative b ... | 2002 | 11989739 |
| l-arginine supplementation in hyperdynamic endotoxemic pigs: effect on nitric oxide synthesis by the different organs. | under septic conditions, the protective role of nitric oxide in the organs may become compromised at a time of increased demand as a result of decreased availability of l-arginine. it remains unknown whether supplementation with l-arginine, as a substrate, can modulate organ nitric oxide production. | 2002 | 11990907 |
| identification and characterization of the gene encoding the human phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase and dephospho-coa kinase bifunctional enzyme (coa synthase). | the final two enzymes in the coa biosynthetic pathway, phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase (ppat; ec 2.7.7.3) and dephospho-coa kinase (dpck; ec 2.7.1.24), are separate proteins in prokaryotes, but exist as a bifunctional enzyme in pig liver. in the present study we have obtained sequence information from purified pig-liver enzyme, and identified the corresponding cdna in a number of species. the human gene localizes to chromosome 17q12-21 and contains regions with sequence similarity to the ... | 2002 | 11994049 |
| recruitment of intestinal cd45ra+ and cd45rc+ cells induced by a candidate oral vaccine against porcine post-weaning colibacillosis. | to assess the influence of a live attenuated oral vaccine against porcine post-weaning colibacillosis (pwc) induced by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) on mucosal lymphoid cell cd45 isoforms expression, experimental group of weaned pigs (n=6) was immunized orally with f4ac+ non-etec strain (day 0) and challenged with f4ac+ etec strain 7 days latter. non-immunized etec-infected pigs (n=6) served as control. all pigs were killed on post-challenge day 7. the small intestine was excised for i ... | 2002 | 12007880 |
| oral vaccination with subunit vaccines protects animals against aerosol infection with mycobacterium tuberculosis. | immunity against mycobacterium tuberculosis depends largely on activation of cell-mediated responses, and gamma interferon has been shown to play a crucial role in this process in both humans and animal models. since the lung is normally the organ in which infection is initiated and is the major site of pathology, immune responses in the lung play a significant role in restricting initial infection with m. tuberculosis. the aim of the present study was to stimulate efficient immunity in the lung ... | 2002 | 12011005 |
| [surveillance of escherichia coli o157:h7 among animals in jiangsu province in 1999]. | to understand the escherichia coli o157:h7 carrier rate of host animals and the toxic gene of the strains in different areas in jiangsu province. | 2002 | 12015089 |
| characterization of the porcine fabgl gene. | the porcine major histocompatibility complex, also called swine lymphocyte antigen (sla) complex, is of particular interest not only because of its central role in the immune response, but also because of its influence on many traits such as reproduction, fatness and meat quality. the porcine fabgl (fabg (beta-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrierprotein] reductase, escherichia coli) like) gene, coding for a 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-hsd), is a candidate gene for these traits. the complete ge ... | 2002 | 12030927 |
| development of a procedure for discriminating among escherichia coli isolates from animal and human sources. | counts of escherichia coli cells in water indicate the potential presence of pathogenic microbes of intestinal origin but give no indication of the sources of the microbial pollution. the objective of this research was to evaluate methods for differentiating e. coli isolates of livestock, wildlife, or human origin that might be used to predict the sources of fecal pollution of water. a collection of 319 e. coli isolates from the feces of cattle, poultry, swine, deer, goose, and moose, as well as ... | 2002 | 12039721 |
| synthesis and pharmacological properties of benzisothiazole/benzimidazole derivatives with acidic groups. | the synthesis and the pharmacological evaluation of benzisothiazole and benzimidazole tetrazolyl- and carboxyl- derivatives 1-6 are described. structural modification was aimed at investigating the influence of two isosteric substituents (tetrazolyl- and carboxyl-) on the title benzofused heterocycles. the antiphlogistic, antipyretic and analgesic activities have been investigated in in vivo experimental models. additional investigations have been performed in vitro to study the antiplatelet and ... | 2002 | 12058810 |
| [survey of the presence of bacterial pathogens in foods sold at retail stores in the city of cassino]. | the presence of bacterial food pathogens was evaluated in 154 food samples collected from supermarkets and butchers in the city of cassino (south-central italy). food pathogens were identified in 17.5% of the total food samples. in the raw meat samples, 24.6% tested positives for listeria monocytogenes, 4.3% for salmonella and 2.9% for escherichia coli o157. y. enterocolitica, only investigated in pork meat, was identified in 7.4% of the samples. in poultry, l. monocytogenes was identified in 55 ... | 2002 | 12070904 |
| induction of mucosal immune responses and protection against enteric viruses: rotavirus infection of gnotobiotic pigs as a model. | enteric viruses are a major cause of diarrhea in animals and humans. among them, rotaviruses are one of the most important causes of diarrhea in young animals and human infants. a lack of understanding of mechanisms to induce intestinal immunity and the correlates of protective immunity in neonates has impaired development of safe and effective vaccines against enteric viruses. studies of candidate vaccines using an adult mouse model of subclinical enteric viral infections often do not predict v ... | 2002 | 12072229 |
| oral immunisation of pigs with fimbrial antigens of enterotoxigenic e. coli: an interesting model to study mucosal immune mechanisms. | the intestinal mucosal immune system can discriminate actively between harmful pathogenic agents and harmless food antigens resulting in different immune responses namely iga production and oral tolerance, respectively. recently, a pig model has been developed for studying intestinal mucosal immune responses in which f4 fimbrial antigens of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (f4 etec) are used as oral antigens. a unique feature of this model is that soluble f4 antigens can be administered to pigs ... | 2002 | 12072248 |
| mucosal immunoadjuvant activity of the low toxic recombinant escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin produced by bacillus brevis for the bacterial subunit or component vaccine in pigs and cattle. | a gene encoding the mature escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) lacking the nick site in the a subunit by deleting tripeptides was introduced in a vector pnh301 and expressed extracellularly as mutant molecule of holotoxin at high levels in bacilus brevis hpd31-s5 of the host bacterium. the mucosal adjuvant activities of the produced mutant lt (mlt) preparation were studied in pigs and cattle. intranasal immunization of pigs with the recombinant subunit vaccine of erysipelothrix rhusiop ... | 2002 | 12072249 |
| effects of cutting process on pork meat contamination by verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) and e. coli o157:h7. | the aims of the present study were: (i) to evaluate verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) prevalence in pork cutting meat; (ii) to determine the effects of cutting process on pork meat contamination by vtec; (iii) to characterise the vtec strains isolated from pork and pork cutting plants (virulence genes and serotype); and (iv) to compare the strains isolated the same day in the same cutting plant in order to identify the routes of contamination inside the cutting plant. pork carcasses fr ... | 2002 | 12076042 |
| effects of slaughter processes on pig carcass contamination by verotoxin-producing escherichia coli and e. coli o157:h7. | the aims of the present study were: (i) to evaluate verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) faecal carriage of slaughtered pigs; (ii) to determine the effects of three different pig slaughtering processes on pig carcass contamination by vtec; (iii) to characterise the vtec strains isolated from pig and pig slaughterhouses (virulence genes and serotype); and (iv) to compare the strains isolated in the same slaughterhouse in order to identify the routes of contamination inside the slaughterhou ... | 2002 | 12076043 |
| quantification of bioavailable chlortetracycline in pig feces using a bacterial whole-cell biosensor. | bacterial whole-cell biosensors were used to measure the concentration of chlortetracycline (ctc) in the feces of pigs. in this study, the escherichia coli biosensor used has a detection limit of 0.03 mg/kg ctc in pig feces. the tetracycline concentration was correlated with the appearance and maintenance of fecal coliform bacteria resistant to tetracycline. initially, large quantities of water-extractable ctc were excreted from the pigs and measurable amounts were detected even at 30 days after ... | 2002 | 12079746 |
| development of an antibiotic resistance monitoring system in hungary. | because of the rapid development and spread of antimicrobial resistance it is important that a system be established to monitor antimicrobial resistance in pathogenic zoonotic and commensal bacteria of animal origin. susceptibility testing of bacteria from carcasses and different samples of animal origin has been carried out in veterinary institutes for a long time but by an inconsistent methodology. the disc diffusion method proposed by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards ( ... | 2002 | 12113174 |
| role of the high-affinity zinc uptake znuabc system in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium virulence. | the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium znuabc genes encoding a high-affinity zinc uptake system and its regulatory zur gene have been cloned. salmonella serovar typhimurium zur and znuc knockout mutants have been constructed by marker exchange. the 50% lethal dose of the znuc mutant increased when either orally or intraperitoneally inoculated in balb/c mice, while virulence of the zur mutant decreased only when mice were intraperitoneally challenged. | 2002 | 12117991 |
| different kinetic of antibody responses following infection of newly weaned pigs with an f4 enterotoxigenic escherichia coli strain or an f18 verotoxigenic escherichia coli strain. | to develop a vaccine against escherichia coli-induced post-weaning diarrhea and edema disease, insights in the induction of the protective immune response following infection with these pathogenic e. coli is needed. therefore, the fimbriae-specific antibody response of newly weaned pigs following infection with the shiga-like toxin type ii variant (slt-iiv) producing f18(+) verotoxigenic e. coli (vtec) (strain 107/86) was compared with the response following an infection with lt producing f4(+) ... | 2002 | 12126913 |
| the thermal inactivation of e. coli in straw and pig manure. | livestock manure may contain pathogenic organisms which pose a risk to the health of animals or humans if the manure is not adequately treated or disposed of. one possible treatment method is composting. however to ensure that pathogen destruction occurs, temperatures need to be sufficiently high throughout the heap to ensure that pathogens are inactivated. the temperature required to inactivate a marker organism, escherichia coli 11943, has been investigated, and found to depend on substrate co ... | 2002 | 12137269 |
| geographic variability of escherichia coli ribotypes from animals in idaho and georgia. | several genotypic methods have been developed for determining the host origin of fecal bacteria in contaminated waters. some of these methods rely on a host origin database to identify environmental isolates. it is not well understood to what degree these host origin isolates are geographically variable (i.e., cosmopolitan or endemic). this is important because a geographically limited host origin database may or may not be universally applicable. the objective of our study was to use one genoty ... | 2002 | 12175046 |
| [evaluation of practical usefulness of selected phenotypic and genotypic markers for pathogenicity of enterotoxic and entero-hemorrhagic strains of e.coli. ]. | this study included a description of enterotoxic and verocytotoxic activity of thirty strains of e. coli and their ability to produce beta-haemolysis in a ram blood medium. enterotoxic and verocytoxic activity was determined by using rpla test. the synthesis of enterotoxin lt was observed in 10 strains and the production of e. coli shiga toxins type 1--stx1 (1 strain) or type 2 (2 strains) was observed in 3 strains of serotype o157: h7. the beta-haemolytic characteristics in vitro were demonstra ... | 2002 | 12185692 |
| crystal structure of porcine mitochondrial nadp+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase complexed with mn2+ and isocitrate. insights into the enzyme mechanism. | the crystal structure of porcine heart mitochondrial nadp+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (idh) complexed with mn2+ and isocitrate was solved to a resolution of 1.85 a. the enzyme was expressed in escherichia coli, purified as a fusion protein with maltose binding protein, and cleaved with thrombin to yield homogeneous enzyme. the structure was determined by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction phasing using selenium substitution in the form of selenomethionine as the anomalous scatterer. t ... | 2002 | 12207025 |
| cerebral physiological and biochemical changes during vasogenic brain oedema induced by intrathecal injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharides in piglets. | the objective of the study was to evaluate biochemical and physiological changes in an experimental model of vasogenic brain oedema utilising techniques also used in routine neurointensive care. | 2002 | 12212543 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the ferric hydroxamate uptake (fhu) operon in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. | the bacterium actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, a swine pathogen, utilizes ferrichrome as an iron source. this study details the molecular cloning and sequencing of the genes involved in the uptake of this hydroxamate siderophore. four ferric hydroxamate uptake (fhu) genes, fhuc, fhud, fhub and fhua, were identified in a single operon, and these were found to encode proteins homologous to proteins of the fhu systems of several bacteria, including escherichia coli. the fhua gene encodes the 77 kda ... | 2002 | 12213932 |
| [antimicrobial, echinococcidial and immunostimulating properties of the drug cheblin-sk-1]. | the antimicrobial properties of the drug cheblin-ck-1 (cck-1) were determined in mice intraabdominally inoculated with proteus mirabilis-4691 in a dose of 140-200 million daily cultured microbial bodies. its comparison agent was ampicillin. cck-1 was found to act as an antibiotic similar to ampicillin in its effects. the antimicrobial activity of cck-1 against staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli isolated from the contents of echinococcal cysts from patients operated on was also establishe ... | 2002 | 12224264 |
| selection of recently isolated colicinogenic escherichia coli strains inhibitory to escherichia coli o157:h7. | escherichia coli strains were screened for their ability to inhibit e. coli o157:h7. an initial evaluation of 18 strains carrying previously characterized colicins determined that only colicin e7 inhibited all of the e. coli o157:h7 strains tested. a total of 540 strains that had recently been isolated from humans and nine different animal species (cats, cattle, chickens, deer, dogs, ducks, horses, pigs, and sheep) were tested by a flip-plating technique. approximately 38% of these strains were ... | 2002 | 12233846 |
| beta-lactamases in ampicillin-resistant escherichia coli isolates from foods, humans, and healthy animals. | tem-, shv-, and oxa-type beta-lactamases were studied by pcr with 124 ampicillin-resistant (amp(r)) escherichia coli isolates recovered from foods of animal origin (n = 20) and feces of humans (n = 49) and healthy animals (n = 55). pcr showed that 103 isolates were positive for tem and negative for shv and oxa. three e. coli isolates showed a positive reaction for oxa, and one showed a positive reaction for shv. the remaining 17 e. coli isolates were negative for the three enzymes by pcr. fifty- ... | 2002 | 12234838 |
| investigation of putative cdt gene in escherichia coli isolates from pigs with diarrhea. | in this study, 98 escherichia coli isolates from 42 diarrheic neonatal piglets were screened for the presence of cytolethal distending toxin coding gene by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). pcr yielded a single product which was specifically generated for e. coli cdt(+) control strain and not for other control strains. twenty two (22.4%) of the isolates tested were cdtb positive, and 50% of the cdtb(+) isolates were also estii positive. the most prevalent pathotype was o32 cdtb(+) estii(+), which ... | 2002 | 12243896 |
| endotoxin decreases 51crcl3 uptake in early weaned pigs. | endotoxin, a product of bacterial infections, was used to investigate the effects acute infections on chromium (cr) uptake in early weaned (14 d of age) pigs. at d 18, pigs were anesthetized, and a 2-mm silastic jugular catheter was inserted and passed subcutaneously to a dorsal position behind the ear. at d 21, pigs were deprived of food for 7 h and injected intraperitoneally with saline or 25 microg endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide from escherichia coli serotype 0111:b4) per kg body wt suspended ... | 2002 | 12296425 |
| increased stability of human growth hormone with reduced lactogenic potency. | human growth hormone (hgh), whose main function is the somatic growth stimulation, induces diverse effects including lactation. we examined the possibility of hgh stabilization by elimination of its lactogenic activity. chimeric ghs were constructed by replacement of different segments of hgh with sequences derived from non-lactogenic porcine gh. as was observed in the rat nb2-11c lymphoma cell test, lactogenic activity of some chimeric hormones was seriously destroyed. this kind of hormones dis ... | 2002 | 12297316 |
| postovulatory effect of intravenous administration of lipopolysaccharide (e. coli, o55:b5) on the contractile activity of the oviduct, ova transport, binding of accessory spermatozoa to the zona pellucida and embryo development in sows. | the effect of lipopolysaccharide (lps) (e. coli, o55:b5), administered 18 h after ovulation in the second oestrus after weaning, on the contractile activity of the oviduct, ova transport, sperm binding to zona pellucida (zp) and embryo development, was studied in 14 swedish crossbred (landrace yorkshire) multiparous sows. the endotoxin group (e-group) sows were administered with 300 ng/kg of lps while the control group (c-group) sows were administered with 5 ml of saline i.v. via an indwelling j ... | 2002 | 12354178 |
| neuronal involvement in the effect of an antisecretory factor-derived peptide on induced secretion in the porcine small intestine. | the antisecretory factor is a protein inhibiting enterotoxin-induced intestinal inflammation and hypersecretion. we studied the signaling pathway of three antisecretory factor-derived peptides (a1, a3 and a4) in the proximal and distal porcine small intestine. in vivo (ligated loops), only a3 significantly reduced the cholera toxin-induced fluid accumulation and only in proximal loops. a3 and a4 reduced escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin-induced fluid accumulation in the proximal segment, ... | 2002 | 12355234 |
| detrimental effects of nicotine and endotoxin in the newborn piglet brain during severe hypoxemia. | hypoxia-ischemia is a major cause of perinatal brain damage, but evidence shows that brain injury also is associated with intrauterine infections and maternal smoking. the mechanisms are not known, and we therefore explored the effects of experimental inflammation or nicotine on perinatal brain metabolism and injury during severe hypoxemia. twenty-eight 1-week-old piglets were anesthetized and instrumented with microdialysis probes in the striatum and brainstem. we studied three pretreatment gro ... | 2002 | 12373070 |
| design of non-cysteine-containing antimicrobial beta-hairpins: structure-activity relationship studies with linear protegrin-1 analogues. | protegrins are short, cationic peptides that display potent, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. pg-1, the first of the five natural analogues discovered, forms a rigid antiparallel two-stranded beta-sheet that is stabilized by two disulfide bonds. the two strands of the sheet are linked by a short two-residue loop segment. removal of the disulfide bridges (e.g., in cys --> ala analogues) is known to cause marked loss of antimicrobial activity. we have used basic principles of beta-hairpin de ... | 2002 | 12379126 |
| cloning and expression of the nucleocapsid protein gene of nipah virus in different strains of escherichia coli. | the coding region of the nucleocapsid (n) gene was amplified from the viral rna and inserted into the bacterial expression vector, ptrchis2, for intracellular expression in three escherichia coli strains: top 10, bl 21 and sg 935. the n protein was expressed as a fusion protein containing the myc epitope and his-tag at its c-terminal end. the amount of the fusion protein expressed in strain sg 935 was significantly higher than the other two strains, and was detected by the anti-myc antibody, ant ... | 2002 | 12385971 |
| expression of interleukin-18 by porcine airway and intestinal epithelium. | in this study, we investigated the expression of interleukin-18 (il-18) in porcine airway and intestinal epithelium. we found constitutive protein expression of precursor il-18 in primary culture of porcine airway epithelium. immunohistochemical staining revealed that porcine il-18 was localized in the porcine airway epithelium and that it was significantly upregulated with experimental endotoxemia induced by escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) inoculation. we also confirmed by immunohisto ... | 2002 | 12396728 |
| infestation of fish-culturing communities with fish-borne bacteria: the ghanaian case. | twenty different bacterial species were isolated from fishermen and members of communities associated with seven fish ponds with different fertilizer treatments, and an open system. the number and types of the bacterial species were different for the different ponds. generally, neither the geographical location of the ponds nor the type of fertilizer used could be related to the bacterial flora. escherichia coli was the predominant species in all the communities, while escherichia coli, klebsiel ... | 2002 | 12400540 |
| intestinal nitric oxide in the normal and endotoxemic pig. | the gut is considered a central organ in the pathogenesis of sepsis and multiple organ failure, where several mediators, including endothelin (et) and nitric oxide (no), are involved. the aim of the current study was to characterize, by direct measurements, the intestinal no production in the anesthetized pig during normal and endotoxemic conditions. in pigs subjected to endotoxin infusion, there was a progressive decrease in jejunal luminal no levels, as well as portal venous blood flow and blo ... | 2002 | 12412626 |
| brewers dried yeast as a source of mannan oligosaccharides for weanling pigs. | brewers dried yeast, a source of mannan oligosaccharides (mos), was assessed as an alternative to an antimicrobial agent (carbadox) for young pigs in two experiments. the yeast contained 5.2% mos. agglutination tests confirmed adsorption of several serovars of e. coli and salmonella spp. onto the yeast product. in exp. 1, seven replicates (five pigs per pen) of 22-d-old pigs were fed a nonmedicated basal diet or the basal diet with carbadox (55 mg/kg), yeast (3%), or a combination of 3% yeast an ... | 2002 | 12413084 |
| characterization of toxoplasma gondii sag2 expressed in insect cells by recombinant baculovirus and evaluation of its diagnostic potential in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a baculovirus carrying the sag2 gene of toxoplasma gondii was constructed, and recombinant sag2 protein (s-rsag2) was expressed in insect cells. s-rsag2 was recognized by sera from cats and pigs infected with t. gondii. mice immunized with s-rsag2 produced high titers of specific immunoglobulin g2a (igg2a) and igg1 antibodies. in an indirect fluorescent antibody test, all mouse antisera against s-rsag2 reacted strongly to the natural parasites, but those against rsag2 expressed in escherichia co ... | 2002 | 12414772 |
| chemiluminescent immunoassay as a microtiter system for the detection of salmonella antibodies in the meat juice of slaughter pigs. | chemiluminescent immunoassay (clia) was applied in the screening of swine meat juice samples obtained from different laboratories in germany, using the indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) as test for comparison. out of the 1350 samples tested, 987 were found acceptable for validation of results. a good level of agreement between the two tests was obtained with a kappa value of 0.824 at 20% cut-off and 0.798 at 40% cut-off. at 20% and 40% cut-off levels, a sensitivity of 96.2% and ... | 2002 | 12420869 |
| interactive inhibition of meat spoilage and pathogenic bacteria by lysozyme, nisin and edta in the presence of nitrite and sodium chloride at 24 degrees c. | to develop a nisin- and lysozyme-based antimicrobial treatment for use with processed ham and bologna, in vitro experiments were conducted to determine whether inhibition enhancing interactions occur between the antimicrobials lysozyme, chrisin (a commercial nisin preparation), edta, nacl and nano(2). inhibitory interactions were observed between a number of agents when used against specific pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. the observed interactions included lysozyme with edta (enterococcus fae ... | 2003 | 12423927 |
| increasing the viscosity of the intestinal contents stimulates proliferation of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and brachyspira pilosicoli in weaner pigs. | the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of increased viscosity of the intestinal digesta on proliferation of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli in weaned pigs. pigs were fed an experimental diet based on cooked white rice (r), which was supplemented with carboxymethylcellulose (cmc; 40 g/kg diet) to increase digesta viscosity. thirty-six piglets weaned at 21 d of age were divided into six groups, three of which were fed r and thre ... | 2002 | 12425733 |