Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of health status of calves and the impact on feedlot performance: assessment of a retained ownership program for postweaning calves. | the objective of this study was to evaluate animal health status at entry to a feedlot against feedlot performance and carcass value. there were 24 herds represented by 417 calves in a retained ownership program. the health status at entry was represented by the levels of serum antibody to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv), bovine viral diarrhea viruses 1 and 2 (bvdv1a, bvdv2), parainfluenza 3 virus (pi3v), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), mannheimia haemolytica, and paste ... | 2002 | 12146889 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 1b: predominant bvdv subtype in calves with respiratory disease. | the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections was determined in 2 groups of stocker calves with acute respiratory disease. both studies used calves assembled after purchase from auction markets by an order buyer and transported to feedyards, where they were held for approximately 30 d. in 1 study, the calves were mixed with fresh ranch calves from a single ranch. during the studies, at day 0 and at weekly intervals, blood was collected for viral antibody testing and virus isola ... | 2002 | 12146890 |
| development of a polymerase chain reaction and restriction typing assay for the diagnosis of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 2, and bovine herpesvirus 4 infections. | a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method coupled with a restriction analysis of pcr products (pcr with restriction fragment length polymorphism) was developed for the simultaneous detection of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 2, and bovine herpesvirus 4 infections. the specificity, sensitivity, and practical diagnostic applicability of this method were evaluated. this assay may be also adapted to the diagnosis of suid herpesvirus 1 and equine herpesviruses 1 and 3 and could bec ... | 2002 | 12152821 |
| effect of genistein on replication of bovine herpesvirus type 1. | to study the antiviral activity of genistein, a soya isoflavone, on in vitro replication of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1). | 2002 | 12171165 |
| susceptibility of sensory neurons to apoptosis following infection by bovine herpesvirus type 1. | like other members of the alpha subfamily of herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) establishes latent infections in sensory neurons. bhv-1 induces apoptosis in lymphoid cells in vivo and in epithelial cell lines, but the ability of bhv-1 to induce apoptosis in sensory neurons remains unknown. in this report, the susceptibility of rabbit ganglionic neurons to infection by bhv-1 was examined in vitro and in vivo. following infection of cultured neurons with bhv-1, hallmarks of apoptosis ... | 2002 | 12185281 |
| bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) recombinant expressing pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoproteins b and c induces type 1 immune response in balb/c mice. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) attached poorly and penetrated into a mouse cell line, balb 3t3/a31, but a recombinant bhv-1/tf7-6, which expresses pseudorabies virus (prv) gb and gc genes, did attach and penetrated into cells more efficiently. in this study the gene green fluorescent protein (gfp) has been integrated into genome of bhv-1/tf7-6 and its parental line of bhv-1. when the mouse mesenteries were incubated in vitro and infected with bhv-1/tf7-6/gfp, strong fluorescence was observed while ... | 2002 | 12185312 |
| the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein d plus emulsigen are increased by formulation with cpg oligodeoxynucleotides. | the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) subunit vaccine formulated with emulsigen (em) and a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing unmethylated cpg dinucleotides (cpg odn) was determined in cattle. a truncated, secreted version of bhv-1 glycoprotein d (tgd) formulated with em and cpg odn at concentrations of 25, 2.5, or 0.25 mg/dose produced a more balanced immune response, higher levels of virus neutralizing antibodies, and greater protection after bhv-1 ... | 2002 | 12186884 |
| susceptibility of bovine umbilical cord endothelial cells to bovine herpesviruses and pseudocowpox virus. | the purpose of the study was to determine the susceptibility of bovine umbilical cord endothelial (bue) cells to bovine herpesvirus (bhv) 1, bhv2, bhv4 and bhv5, and to pseudocowpox virus. the detection limits and growth curves of these viruses in bue cells were compared with those in vero, madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk). or bovine fetal diploid lung (bfdl) cells. detection limits were determined by inoculating cell cultures with serial 10-fold dilutions of these viruses, and growth curves by ... | 2002 | 12212730 |
| electroporation improves the efficacy of dna vaccines in large animals. | it is generally recognized that dna vaccines are often less effective in large animals than in mice. one possible reason for this reduced effectiveness may be transfection efficiency and the low level of expression elicited by plasmid vectors in large animals. a possible way to improve plasmid gene expression in vivo is electroporation. to determine whether we could enhance immune responses in pigs by electroporation, we used plasmids encoding two different genes (bovine herpesvirus glycoprotein ... | 2002 | 12213410 |
| restriction endonuclease and monoclonal antibody analysis of brazilian isolates of bovine herpesviruses types 1 and 5. | twelve brazilian isolates and three reference strains of bovine herpesviruses (bhvs) were subjected to restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) and monoclonal antibody (mab) analysis. viral dna was cleaved with bamhi, bsteii, ecori, hindiii and psti. the monoclonal antibody panel allowed the differentiation between types 1 and 5 viruses, while rea with bsteii and hindiii showed the distinction between bhv-1 and -5 subtypes. typical 1.1 and 1.2a patterns were observed with two isolates from respir ... | 2002 | 12220807 |
| virologic investigations of free-living european bison (bison bonasus) from the bialowieza primeval forest, poland. | we conducted virologic investigations on postmortem specimens from 261 free-living european bison (bison bonasus) from the bialowieza primeval forest, poland collected between 1990 and 2000. fifty-four of 94 males had balanoposthitis; none of the 167 female bison examined had reproductive tract lesions. peripheral blood, swabs, and various tissues were analyzed for bovine viruses as well as for viral dna by bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) and bovine herpesvirus 4 (bohv-4) specific polymerase chain ... | 2002 | 12238370 |
| a review of mutual transmission of important infectious diseases between livestock and wildlife in europe. | oral vaccination of red foxes against rabies has been practiced in europe since 1978 and has succeeded in greatly reducing the occurrence of this disease in foxes: this is an example of coordinated activity against a disease that affects both wild and domestic animals as well as humans. some examples of diseases that affect both domestic and wild animals in europe are: classical swine fever (hog cholera) in wild boars and domestic swine; myxomatosis and rabbit hemorrhagic disease in domestic and ... | 2002 | 12381556 |
| induction of cytotoxic t-lymphocytes specific for bovine herpesvirus-1 by dna immunization. | cytotoxic t-lymphocytes (ctls) are critical for the defense against herpesvirus infections, in which cell-to-cell spread occurs earlier than the hematogenous spread. the ability of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) to undergo latency, to induce apoptosis of cd4(+) t-lymphocytes, and to down-regulate the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i molecules, necessitates the development of immunization strategies that do not involve the live virus. the objective of this study was to e ... | 2002 | 12399204 |
| use of epitope mapping to identify a pcr template for protein amplification and detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of bovine herpesvirus type 1 glycoprotein d. | infection with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) occurs worldwide and causes serious economic losses due to the deaths of animals, abortions, decreased milk production, and loss of body weight. bhv-1 is frequently found in bovine semen and is transmitted through natural service and artificial insemination. the detection of bhv-1 in bovine semen is a long-standing problem in veterinary virology which is important in disease control schemes. in the present study, ordered deletions of the full-leng ... | 2002 | 12409372 |
| in vitro and in vivo detection of mx gene products in bovine cells following stimulation with alpha/beta interferon and viruses. | this study focused on products of the bovine mx1 gene as specific markers for acute viral infections. the rationale for this is the fact that viral infections are commonly paralleled by the synthesis, release, and remote action of alpha/beta interferons (ifn-alpha/beta). released ifn-alpha/beta act through specific receptors present on nucleated cells to transduce signals for the transcription of numerous ifn-regulated genes, such as the ones for double-stranded-rna-dependent protein kinase, 2'- ... | 2002 | 12414749 |
| coinfection with bhv-1 modulates cell adhesion and invasion by p. multocida and mannheimia (pasteurella) haemolytica. | viruses are thought to facilitate bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. the present study shows the effect of bhv-1 on pasteurella multocida and mannheimia haemolytica adherence and invasion of mdbk cells. the virus-infected mdbk cells become more susceptible to the adherence of both species of pasteurella. the observed adherence increase depends on the length of virus pre-incubation time and on virus concentration. when mdbk cells are not infected with virus, they are only invaded by p ... | 2002 | 12437222 |
| mutations in the n-terminal domains of nectin-1 and nectin-2 reveal differences in requirements for entry of various alphaherpesviruses and for nectin-nectin interactions. | nectin-1 and nectin-2 are related molecules that can function with different specificities as entry receptors for mammalian alphaherpesviruses through interaction with viral glycoprotein d (gd). the normal function of members of the nectin family is to mediate cell-cell adhesion through homotypic and heterotypic nectin-nectin interactions in cadherin-based adherens junctions. we examined mutations in three equivalent regions of the n-terminal v-like domains of nectin-1 and nectin-2 to test the e ... | 2002 | 12438620 |
| bulk milk testing for antibody seroprevalences to bvdv and bhv-1 in a rural region of peru. | bulk milk from 60 herds of dairy cattle in a rural region in the central highlands of peru was tested for antibodies to bovine viral-diarrhoea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1). none of the herds had been vaccinated against bvdv or bhv-1. commercially available indirect elisa-kits were used for antibody detection. true prevalences of bvdv and bhv-1 antibody-positive herds were 96 and 51%, respectively. a relatively low proportion of strongly positive herds suggests, however, a l ... | 2002 | 12441235 |
| cpg-containing oligodeoxynucleotides, in combination with conventional adjuvants, enhance the magnitude and change the bias of the immune responses to a herpesvirus glycoprotein. | vaccine adjuvants must have the capacity to increase protective immune responses with minimal side effects. conventional adjuvants not only cause undesirable tissue site reactions, but often induce t-helper type 2 (th2)-biased responses which may be undesirable in certain disease scenarios. oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated cpg dinucleotides (cpg odn) are novel adjuvants known to promote th1-type immune responses. in this study, we compared various mineral oil, metabolizable oil and ... | 2002 | 12443671 |
| the latency-related gene of bovine herpesvirus-1 can inhibit the ability of bicp0 to activate productive infection. | transfection of bovine cells with bovine herpesvirus-1 genomic dna yields low levels of infectious virus. cotransfection with the bicp0 gene enhances productive infection and virus yield because bicp0 can activate viral gene expression. since the latency-related (lr) gene overlaps and is antisense to bicp0, the effects of lr gene products on productive infection were tested. the intact lr gene inhibited productive infection in a dose-dependent fashion but lr protein expression was not required. ... | 2002 | 12466472 |
| augmentation of cellular immune responses to bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein d by vaccination with cpg-enhanced plasmid vectors. | the potential of cpg-enhanced plasmid dna vectors encoding a truncated secreted form of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein d (tgd) to induce enhanced immune responses in cattle was investigated. we created tgd expression plasmids containing 0, 40 or 88 copies of the hexamer 5' gtcgtt 3', a known pan-activating cpg motif in several species. the total tgd-specific igg titre of calves immunized with these plasmids did not correlate with the cpg content of the plasmid backbone. however, the p ... | 2002 | 12466473 |
| in vitro inhibition of bovine herpes virus 1 reproduction with native and microencapsulated proteinase inhibitor aprotinin. | this study evaluated the antiviral effect of various dosage forms of proteinase inhibitor-aprotinin as a potential remedy for prophylactics and therapy of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis. formulations of the inhibitor were tested for their influence on bovine herpes virus reproduction in cell cultures. starch/bovine serum albumin microcapsules with aprotinin were prepared using interfacial cross-linking with terephthaloyl chloride and characterized for their morphology, size and release of the ... | 2002 | 12480317 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 u(s) orf8 protein induces apoptosis in infected cells and facilitates virus egress. | the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) u(s) orf8 protein with homology to the us9 protein of other alphaherpesviruses induces apoptosis in rabbit kidney (rk13) cells without the presence of other bhv-1-encoded proteins. in this article, we have characterized the cytotoxicity and growth behavior of a bhv-1 recombinant, bhv-1/d8, which fails to express the u(s) orf8 protein in infected cells. bhv-1/d8 exhibited a reduced cytotoxicity to rk13 cells when compared to the cytotoxicity of control bhv-1 strai ... | 2002 | 12490400 |
| rapid and efficient construction of recombinant bovine herpesvirus 1 genomes. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) is an important pathogen of cattle. recombinant bovine herpesvirus 1 viruses (rbohv) have been studied extensively as potential vaccines for bohv-1 associated diseases. a method is described which advances protocols used currently for constructing rbohv by producing recombinant viruses free of parent virus. the method, restriction endonuclease mediated recombination (remr), utilises a unique nsii site in the bohv-1 genome. following nsii digestion the two genomic fr ... | 2003 | 12505643 |
| effects of virion host shut-off activity of bovine herpesvirus 1 on mhc class i expression. | previously, we have shown that bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) down-regulates the expression of major histocompatibility complex class i molecules by interfering with transport of peptides by the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap). further studies revealed that bhv-1 down-regulates the expression of mrna for class i molecules and other cellular proteins. to further elucidate the mechanisms of down-regulation of class i molecules, a virion host shut-off (vhs) deletion mutant was ge ... | 2002 | 12513930 |
| targeting with bovine cd154 enhances humoral immune responses induced by a dna vaccine in sheep. | cd40-cd154 interactions play an important role in regulating humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. recently, these interactions have been exploited for the development of therapeutic and preventive treatments. the objective of this study was to test the ability of bovine cd154 to target a plasmid-encoded ag to cd40-expressing apcs. to achieve this, a plasmid coding for bovine cd154 fused to a truncated secreted form of bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein d (tgd), psliatgd-cd154, was construc ... | 2003 | 12517965 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 and bovine herpesvirus 1 latency. | primary infection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) can cause clinical symptoms in the peripheral and central nervous system, upper respiratory tract, and gastrointestinal tract. recurrent ocular shedding leads to corneal scarring that can progress to vision loss. consequently, hsv-1 is the leading cause of corneal blindness due to an infectious agent. bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) has similar biological properties to hsv-1 and is a significant health concern to the cattle industry. latency ... | 2003 | 12525426 |
| induction of immune responses by dna vaccines in large animals. | it is generally recognized that dna vaccines are often less effective in large animals than in mice. one possible reason for this reduced effectiveness may be transfection deficiency and the low level of expression elicited by plasmid vectors in large animals. in our attempt to enhance transfection efficiency and, thereby, enhance immune responses, we employed a variety of methods inducing gene gun delivery or suppositories as delivery vehicles to mucosal surfaces, as well as electroporation for ... | 2003 | 12531334 |
| mapping of the bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein c promoter region and its specific transactivation by the viral bicp27 gene product. | we investigated the cis-acting sequences of the promoter regulating the gene encoding the glycoprotein c (gc) of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1), a gene of the gamma1 class. s1 nuclease protection assays revealed that gc transcription initiated predominantly at position c18281 of the viral genome, corresponding to 21 and 56 bases downstream from putative tata-like and caat boxes, respectively. to map the gc promoter (pgc), we measured the ability of a series of nested deletions of the region +71 t ... | 2003 | 12536300 |
| topical delivery of plasmid dna using biphasic lipid vesicles (biphasix). | the development of non-invasive methods for the delivery of vaccines through the skin will greatly improve the safety and the administration of human and veterinary vaccines. in this study we examined the efficiency of topical delivery of plasmids by assessing the localization of gene expression using luciferase as a reporter gene and induction of immune responses using a plasmid encoding for the bovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoprotein d (pgd). topical administration of plasmids in a lipid-based ... | 2002 | 12542889 |
| rapid onset of protection following vaccination of calves with multivalent vaccines containing modified-live or modified-live and killed bhv-1 is associated with virus-specific interferon gamma production. | the objective of this study was to determine the effect of vaccination with commercially-available multivalent vaccines containing either modified-live (mlv) bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) (bovishield) or mlv plus killed (mlv + k) bhv-1 (reliant plus) on protection against challenge at 5 days after a single vaccination. an additional objective was to determine whether cell-mediated immunity as measured by virus-specific interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells ... | 2003 | 12559793 |
| mutagenesis of a bovine herpesvirus type 1 genome cloned as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome: analysis of glycoprotein e and g double deletion mutants. | the genome of bovine herpesvirus type 1 schönböken was cloned as a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) by inserting mini f plasmid sequences into the glycoprotein (g) e gene. the resulting bac clone, pbhv-1deltage, was transfected into bovine kidney cells and viable ge-negative bhv-1 (bhv-1deltage) was recovered. by rece/t mutagenesis in escherichia coli, the gg open reading frame was deleted from pbhv-1deltage. from the mutated bac, double negative bhv-1deltage-gg was reconstituted and its gr ... | 2003 | 12560561 |
| glycoprotein g isoforms from some alphaherpesviruses function as broad-spectrum chemokine binding proteins. | mimicry of host chemokines and chemokine receptors to modulate chemokine activity is a strategy encoded by beta- and gammaherpesviruses, but very limited information is available on the anti-chemokine strategies encoded by alphaherpesviruses. the secretion of chemokine binding proteins (vckbps) has hitherto been considered a unique strategy encoded by poxviruses and gammaherpesviruses. we describe a family of novel vckbps in equine herpesvirus 1, bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5, and related alphaherp ... | 2003 | 12574120 |
| seroprevalence of and risk factors for infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in beef cattle herds of yucatan, mexico. | the main objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the seroprevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) in a population of non-vaccinated beef cattle in the livestock region of yucatan, mexico and to determine potential risk factors related to the seroprevalence. also, we estimated the intraherd correlation (r(e)) and design effect (d) of ibr seropositivity. cattle were selected by two-stage cluster sampling. blood samples were collected from 564 animals from 35 herds. ser ... | 2003 | 12609465 |
| comparison of a multivalent viral vaccine program versus a univalent viral vaccine program on animal health, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of feedlot calves. | a field study was conducted under commercial feedlot conditions at 2 sites in western canada to determine the relative effects of a univalent viral vaccine (mlv 1) program versus a multivalent viral vaccine (mlv 4) program on animal health; feedlot performance; and carcass characteristic variables of fall-placed, auction market derived, feedlot calves. five thousand one hundred and sixty-three calves were processed and randomly allocated to 1 of 2 experimental groups as follows: mlv 1, which rec ... | 2003 | 12619555 |
| factors associated with first service conception in artificially inseminated nulliparous holstein heifers. | animal and management factors associated with first service conception in nulliparous dairy heifers were determined in 601 holstein heifers from a dairy farm in north central florida. animal data collected included body weight, height at the withers and tail head, body condition score at 6 months of age and just prior to first artificial insemination (ai), and pelvimetry measurements taken just prior to first ai. management data included season of first ai, inseminator, service sire, method of e ... | 2003 | 12620581 |
| stimulation of bovine herpesvirus-1 productive infection by the adenovirus e1a gene and a cell cycle regulatory gene, e2f-4. | identifying cellular genes that promote bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) productive infection is important, as bhv-1 is a significant bovine pathogen. previous studies demonstrated that bhv-1 dna is not very infectious unless cotransfected with a plasmid expressing bicp0, a viral protein that stimulates expression of all classes of viral promoters. based on these and other studies, we hypothesize that the ability of bicp0 to interact with and modify the function of cellular proteins stimulates virus ... | 2003 | 12655094 |
| infection of cattle with a bovine herpesvirus 1 strain that contains a mutation in the latency-related gene leads to increased apoptosis in trigeminal ganglia during the transition from acute infection to latency. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is an important pathogen of cattle and infection is usually initiated via the ocular or nasal cavity. after acute infection, the primary site for bhv-1 latency is sensory neurons in the trigeminal ganglia (tg). reactivation from latency occurs sporadically, resulting in virus shedding and transmission to uninfected cattle. the only abundant viral transcript expressed during latency is the latency-related (lr) rna. an lr mutant was constructed by inserting three stop ... | 2003 | 12663791 |
| role of the ul28 homologue of bovine herpesvirus 1 in viral dna cleavage and packaging. | in the aim to study the function of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1) ul28 protein during the replicative cycle, we characterized a ul28 deletion mutant of bohv-1, bohv-1 delta ul28. productive growth of bohv-1 delta ul28 was only observed in a specifically engineered complementing cell line expressing the native ul28 protein, demonstrating that ul28 is essential for virus replication. ul28 deficiency did not compromised viral protein synthesis of the late class as shown by the detection of the ... | 2003 | 12664290 |
| seroprevalence of ohv-2, bvdv, bhv-1, and brsv in ranch-raised bison (bison bison). | serum samples were collected at slaughter from 226 24-30-month-old american bison (bison bison) bulls from kansas, minnesota, north dakota, and manitoba and assayed for antibodies to ovine herpesvirus type-2 (ohv-2), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus type-1 (bhv-1), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv). antibodies were detected by serum neutralization for bvdv, bhv-1, and brsv, while antibodies to ohv-2 were detected by competitive inhibition-elisa (ci-elisa). detec ... | 2002 | 12680649 |
| evidence of herpesvirus infection in woodland caribou in saskatchewan. | sera were collected from 40 female and two male woodland caribou (rangifer tarandus caribou) in saskatchewan (canada) from march 1992 to january 1995, inclusive. the samples were examined for antibodies against smooth brucella spp., five serovars of leptospira interrogans, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). twenty-two (52%) of 42 sera exhibited positive reactions to bhv-1 by a modified serum neutralization test, and the prevalence correlated positively with the age of ... | 2003 | 12685086 |
| microbial contamination of embryos and semen during long term banking in liquid nitrogen. | we report on microbial contamination of embryos and semen cryopreserved in sealed plastic straws and stored for 6-35 years in liquid nitrogen. there were 32 bacterial and 1 fungal species identified from randomly drawn liquid nitrogen, frozen semen, and embryos samples stored in 8 commercial and 8 research facility liquid nitrogen (ln) tanks. the identified bacteria represented commensal or environmental microorganisms and some, such as escherichia coli, were potential or opportunistic pathogens ... | 2003 | 12686204 |
| effect of membranotropic and mucoadhesive formulations of protein proteinase inhibitors on bovine herpes virus-1 reproduction. | the lipidized derivatives of bowman-birk soybean protease inhibitor (bbi) containing one to three oleoyl groups were synthesized and characterized. the (ole)(1)- and (ole)(2)bbi were demonstrated to have 200- and 100-fold higher uptake into caco-2 cell monolayers compared to native bbi. the acylated bbi had increased affinity to elastase-like proteases. aprotinin-loaded starch/bovine serum albumin microcapsules were prepared using interfacial cross-linking with terephthaloyl chloride and charact ... | 2003 | 12695026 |
| interference of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) in sorbitol-induced apoptosis. | in order to determine the ability of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) to suppress apoptosis, we examined the effects of bhv-1 infection on sorbitol-induced apoptosis on madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cells. bhv-1 suppresses sorbitol-induced apoptosis in a manner similar to that of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), indicating that bhv-1 has one or more anti-apoptotic genes. to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis, expression of some genes encoding apoptosis-inhibiting and -promot ... | 2003 | 12704800 |
| humoral immune response and assessment of vaccine virus shedding in calves receiving modified live virus vaccines containing bovine herpesvirus-1 and bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1a. | susceptible calves were administered modified live virus (mlv) vaccines containing bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv1) and bovine viral diarrhoea type 1 (bvdv1a) strains intramuscularly, with one vaccine containing both mlv and inactivated bhv-1 and inactivated bvdv1a. there was no evidence of transmission of vaccine (bhv-1 and bvdv1a) strains to susceptible non-vaccinated controls commingled with vaccinates. no vaccinates had detectable bhv-1 in peripheral blood leucocytes (pbl) after vaccination. each ... | 2003 | 12710498 |
| recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 expressing p23 protein of cryptosporidium parvum induces neutralizing antibodies in rabbits. | in order to develop a vaccine against cryptosporidiosis in cattle, we constructed a recombinant bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) expressing an immunodominant surface protein, p23, of cryptosporidium parvum sporozoites. in the recombinant virus, the p23 gene under the control of a cag promoter and a gene coding for an enhanced green fluorescent protein were integrated into the gg gene of bhv-1. despite a low frequency of homologous recombination, cloning of the recombinants was easy because of the sp ... | 2003 | 12760641 |
| evaluation of shedding of bovine herpesvirus 1, bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, and bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 after vaccination of calves with a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine. | to determine whether bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1), bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv) virus 1 (bvdv1), or bvdv 2 (bvdv2) were shed after parenteral administration of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine. | 2003 | 12762386 |
| the effectiveness and limitations of immune memory: understanding protective immune responses. | immune memory is the foundation of the practise of vaccination. research on the molecular and cellular events leading to generation and development of memory t and b lymphocytes explain why there are heightened secondary immune responses after an initial encounter with antigen. in this review, we discuss how clonal expansion, targeted tissue localisation, more efficient antigen recognition and more proficient effector functions contribute to the improved effectiveness of memory cells. despite th ... | 2003 | 12782062 |
| [biology of bovine herpesviruses]. | cattle are the natural host of herpesviruses. since now four different bovine viruses have been described as members of the family herpesviridae. the prototype of the bovine herpesviruses, bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), is the causative agent of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr), infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (ipv) and infectious balanoposthitis (ibp). the related bhv-5 is an exotic neurovirulent agent and like bhv-1 a member of the genus varicellovirus, within the subfamily alpha ... | 2003 | 12784548 |
| [the new bhv-1 regulation]. | the first amendment to the bhv-1 regulation in late 2001 marked the first step towards sanitation. this also proved necessary in view of the environment in the european community because the amending regulation will, in conjunction with the compulsory notification of bhv-1, allow operators to achieve medium-term trade advantages via the so-called article 9 status laid down in directive 64/432/eec. yet, some of the provisions of the bhv-1 regulation are still questionable under animal disease leg ... | 2003 | 12784549 |
| [diagnostic markers in the prevention of bovine herpesvirus type 1: possibilities and limitations]. | the usage of glycoprotein e (ge)-deleted bhv-1 marker or diva (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) vaccines in combination with the accompanying determination of ge-specific antibodies is one of the basic parts of bhv-1 eradication programs in germany. following the adoption of the "legislation for the protection of cattle holdings from an infection with bovine herpesvirus type 1" in 1997, several million ge-antibody assays were conducted. up to now, commercially available ge-block ... | 2003 | 12784550 |
| [comparative studies with three different bovine blood sample bhv-1 elisa tests: indirect elisa and bg-blocking-elisa]. | a total of 2754 bovine blood samples were examined for bhv1 antibodies in three different bhv-1 elisa tests. the tests used were the chekit trachitest 2nd. gen. "bestätigungstest" serum, the chekit-bhv-1-gb-elisa (bommeli-diagnostics/intervet), and the bhv-1-gb antibody test kit (idexx). a first testing identified 111 (4.0%) of the samples as positive and 2501 (90.8%) samples negative in all three tests. onehundredand-fortytwo (5.2%) of the samples showed a not negative result in at least one of ... | 2003 | 12784551 |
| [bhv-1 eradication program in bavaria: a marker-independent strategy]. | in bavaria a bhv-1 eradication program was initiated in 1986 and was changed to a compulsory program in 1998. the eradication success increased progressively from < 50% in 1986 to 87% of the farms in 2002. bhv 1-free farms are controlled by bulk milk serology twice a year along with blood serology in animals that are negative but from herds where positive field virus infected animals are present. all serological tests are performed with an indirect elisa test, all positive results are confirmed ... | 2003 | 12784552 |
| [eradication of bhv-1 in cattle herds in saxony-anhalts using a vaccine lacking a marker--report of an experience]. | the present article reports about the experiences during the current bhv-1-eradication programme in saxony-anhalt started in 1996. an overview about the reasons, the basic situation, the issue and the present state of the eradication is given. furthermore were shown, that an eradication of bovine herpes virus type 1 by using ge-deleted vaccines is possible. | 2003 | 12784553 |
| [conventional and marked bhv-1 vaccines in germany: a brief review]. | since 1997 infections of cattle with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) are regulated by the german government with obligatory measures. eradication of the virus is based on two different concepts: german federal states with a low bhv-1-seroprevalence comply with a selection concept, that provides deletion of bhv-1-positive cattle and only exceptional vaccination. states with a high bhv-1-prevalence attempt to eradicate the virus using the marker concept. the marker concept is based on the vaccin ... | 2003 | 12784554 |
| [requirements for the use of elisa systems in eradication programs]. | users of elisa test systems applied in eradication schemes must be aware of their potential and their limitations. means to improve laboratory quality as well as strict performance of the test procedure are essential. sensitivity and specificity of test systems are limited. therefore the establishment of a cascade of methods to verify questionable and positive results is important. thus false positive results, which may threat the general acceptance of an eradication scheme, can be avoided. | 2003 | 12784562 |
| response of calves persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) subtype 1b after vaccination with heterologous bvdv strains in modified live virus vaccines and mannheimia haemolytica bacterin-toxoid. | seronegative persistently infected (pi) calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) subtype 1b were vaccinated with each of four modified live virus (mlv) bvdv vaccines and a mannheimia haemolytica bacterin-toxoid. nasal swabs and peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) were collected for virus isolation and serums were collected after vaccination and tested for bvdv1a, bvdv1b, bvdv2, bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine parainfluenza-3 virus (pi-3v), and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) a ... | 2003 | 12798641 |
| enhancement of the immune response and virological protection of calves against bovine herpesvirus type 1 with an inactivated ge-deleted vaccine. | four immunisation protocols based on inactivated and attenuated commercially available marker vaccines for bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) were compared. the first group of calves were vaccinated with an attenuated vaccine administered intranasally and an inactivated vaccine injected subcutaneously, four weeks apart; the second group were vaccinated twice with the attenuated vaccine, first intranasally and then intramuscularly; the third group were vaccinated twice subcutaneously with the inac ... | 2003 | 12803395 |
| transmission of bovine herpesvirus 1 within and between herds on an island with a bhv1 control programme. | transmission of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) within and between herds was studied on the island of ameland, the netherlands. there were 50 herds with 3300 head of cattle on the island. herds were divided into three groups: (1) only containing seronegative cattle, (2) containing seronegative cattle and vaccinated seropositive cattle, and (3) containing only vaccinated cattle. all 23 herds in groups 1 and 2 were monitored. three major outbreaks of bhv1 infections were observed due to the introducti ... | 2003 | 12825740 |
| a hepadnavirus regulatory element enhances expression of a type 2 bovine viral diarrhea virus e2 protein from a bovine herpesvirus 1 vector. | recently, the possibility of using virus vectors to immunize cattle against selected bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) genes has gained widespread interest. however, when we attempted to express the e2 protein from type 2 (890 strain) bvdv in a bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) vector, we observed that expression was poor. this often happens when genes from a cytoplasmic virus are expressed in the cell nucleus. to counter this effect, we attempted to enhance expression by a strategy employed by virus ... | 2003 | 12885896 |
| expression of the genomic form of the bovine viral diarrhea virus e2 orf in a bovine herpesvirus-1 vector. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a ubiquitous pathogen of cattle with a world-wide distribution. recently, the possibility of using recombinant virus vectors to immunize cattle against selected bvdv genes has gained widespread interest. among the virus vectors tested, bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv1) provides many unique advantages. however, results of recent studies have raised the possibility that the codon usage pattern required for optimal expression in a bhv1-infected cell may be incompatib ... | 2003 | 12913361 |
| implication of the product of the bovine herpesvirus type 1 ul25 gene in capsid assembly. | the ul25 orf of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) was demonstrated recently to represent a gene encoding a 63 kda viral protein. to investigate the role of this gene in virus replication, a bhv-1 ul25 deletion mutant was constructed. although the ul25 mutant synthesizes late viral proteins and viral dna, it fails to produce virus progeny in cells that do not express the ul25 gene, demonstrating that the ul25 protein is essential for the replicative cycle of bhv-1. moreover, southern blotting ana ... | 2003 | 12917469 |
| subclinical breakdown with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus infection in dairy herd of high health status. | infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr) virus infection was detected by an antibody elisa in the bulk milk of a large closed dairy herd of high health status in an area of low cattle density in east anglia. the herd was managed under high standards of biosecurity and was known to have been serologically free of ibr virus for the previous 13 years. although over 70 per cent of the cows had seroconverted to ibr virus no clinical signs were observed apart from a slight bilateral watery ocular disch ... | 2003 | 12918828 |
| the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (7vpnc) concurrently administered with a combination dtap-ipv-hib vaccine. | to evaluate immune responses, safety and reactogenicity of the concomitant use of dtap-ipv-hib and the newly available 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate (7vpnc) vaccines when given as the primary immunization series in early infancy. a total of 231 healthy infants were enrolled at 11 german study centers and randomized to receive either 7vpnc plus dtap-ipv-hib vaccines concomitantly into opposite limbs at age 2, 3, 4 and 11-15 months (7vpnc group) or dtap-ipv-hib vaccine at the same ages plus a 7v ... | 2003 | 12922095 |
| immunization with a dicistronic plasmid expressing a truncated form of bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein d and the amino-terminal subunit of glycoprotein b results in reduced gb-specific immune responses. | as an approach to create a divalent dna vaccine, a truncated secreted version of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) glycoprotein d (tgd) and the amino-terminal subunit of glycoprotein b (gbb) were expressed from a dicistronic plasmid, designated psliatgd-ires-gbb. intradermal immunization of mice with psliatgd-ires-gbb or a mixture of plasmids encoding tgd (psliatgd) and gbb (psliagbb) by needle injection or gene gun elicited strong tgd-specific immune responses. however, a significant reduction in gb ... | 2003 | 12951041 |
| isolation of a glycoprotein e-deleted bovine herpesvirus type 1 strain in the field. | during a field trial to evaluate the efficacy of repeated vaccinations with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) marker vaccines, a glycoprotein e (ge)-negative bhv-1 strain was isolated from the nasal secretions of two cows, eight months after vaccination with a ge-negative live-attenuated vaccine, initially given intranasally, then intramuscularly. the strain isolated was characterised using immunofluorescence, restriction analysis and pcr. all the techniques used identified the isolated virus as ... | 2003 | 12956298 |
| the combined effect of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and pasteurella hemolytica on cattle. | 1960 | 13811232 | |
| abortion experimentally induced in cattle by infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. | 1964 | 14156996 | |
| infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in new york dairy cattle. | 1964 | 14193053 | |
| bovine herpes virus gd protein produced in plants using a recombinant tobacco mosaic virus (tmv) vector possesses authentic antigenicity. | a tobacco mosaic virus (tmv)-based vector was utilized for expression of a cytosolic form of the bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1) protein glycoprotein d (gdc). nicotiana benthamiana plants were harvested 7 days after inoculation with rna transcripts derived from the tmv-gdc recombinant virus. recombinant gdc protein of expected electrophoretic mobility accumulated in inoculated leaves to a concentration of about 20 micrograms/g of fresh leaf tissue. oil-based vaccines were formulated with crude ... | 2003 | 14505899 |
| safety and efficacy of cpg-containing oligodeoxynucleotides as immunological adjuvants in rabbits. | the efficacy of oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated cpg dinucleotides (cpg odn) as an adjuvant for rabbits was assessed alone and in combination with aluminum hydroxide (cpg/alum). the cpg/alum combination elicited a greater immune response to several antigens compared to freund's adjuvant. a non-cpg/alum combination did not have the same effects as cpg/alum suggesting that the adjuvanticity was related to the cpg motifs. in addition, we formulated one of the antigens with combinations ... | 2003 | 14505919 |
| safety of a modified-live combination vaccine against respiratory and reproductive diseases in pregnant cows. | a combination vaccine (bovi-shield fp4 + l5, pfizer animal health) containing modified-live virus (mlv) components against bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus bvdv), parainfluenza virus-3 (pi3), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), and inactivated cultures of leptospira canicola, grippotyphosa, hardjo, icterohaemorrhagiae, and pomona was evaluated for safety in pregnant beef and dairy animals. heifers vaccinated prebreeding with the minimum immunizing dose (lowest ant ... | 2003 | 14506587 |
| aetiology of bovine abortion in argentina. | necropsies were performed on 354 fetuses from dairy and beef herds submitted from 1994 to 2000 to the diagnostic laboratories at instituto nacional de tecnología agropecuaria, balcarce, argentina. samples from the fetuses were examined for pathogenic organisms and processed for microscopic examination. an aetiological diagnosis was made for 161 (45.5%) of the fetuses. no diagnosis was made for 193 (54.5%) fetuses. infectious agents were isolated from 122 (34.4%) of the fetuses, bacterial agents ... | 2003 | 14509450 |
| the structures of bovine herpesvirus 1 virion and concatemeric dna: implications for cleavage and packaging of herpesvirus genomes. | herpesvirus genomes are often characterized by the presence of direct and inverted repeats that delineate their grouping into six structural classes. class d genomes consist of a long (l) segment and a short (s) segment. the latter is flanked by large inverted repeats. dna replication produces concatemers of head-to-tail linked genomes that are cleaved into unit genomes during the process of packaging dna into capsids. packaged class d genomes are an equimolar mixture of two isomers in which s i ... | 2003 | 14517085 |
| bovine herpesvirus-1 associated with single, trypsin-treated embryos was not infective for uterine tubal cells. | it has been reported that bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) remains associated with in vitro-produced (ivp) bovine embryos after exposure to the virus and either washing or trypsin treatment. however, it is not known if the quantity of virus associated with an exposed ivp embryo is likely to infect a recipient cow after transfer. the specific objective of this study was to determine if ivp embryos that were exposed to bhv-1 would infect uterine tubal cells (utc) in a co-culture system. in vitro-produ ... | 2003 | 14519470 |
| [establishment and use of infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) dna clones of animal herpesviruses]. | since the first description of the cloning und mutagenesis of a herpesviral genome in 1997, a number of herpesviral dna's have been cloned as bacterial artificial chromosomes (bacs). herpesvirus bac's are established by introduction of a mini f origin of replication into the viral genome, which can as such be maintained und manipulated in escherichia coli as a single copy extrachromosomal dna. herpesvirus dna's cloned as bac's are accessible to the dna repair und mutagenesis apparatus encoded by ... | 2003 | 14526467 |
| bovine herpesvirus 1 interferes with tap-dependent peptide transport and intracellular trafficking of mhc class i molecules in human cells. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1), the cause of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and infectious pustular vulvovaginitis in cattle, establishes a lifelong infection, despite the presence of antiviral immunity in the host. bohv-1 has been shown to elude the host immune system, but the viral gene products responsible for this interference have not yet been identified. studies aiming at the identification of bohv-1-encoded immune evasion genes have been hampered by the lack of bovine-specific immunolog ... | 2003 | 14551822 |
| deaza- and deoxyadenosine derivatives: synthesis and inhibition of animal viruses as human infection models. | n6-cycloalkyl-2',3'-dideoxyadenosine derivatives and (2-chloro)-n6-cycloheptyl-3-deazaadenosine have been synthesized and tested, along with other (deaza)purine (deoxy)nucleosides from our chemical library, as inhibitors of virus replication against bovine herpes virus 1 (bhv-1) and sheep maedi/visna virus (mvv). most compounds demonstrated good antireplicative activity against mvv, showing also low cell toxicity. | 2003 | 14565301 |
| the bovine herpesvirus-1 lr orf2 is critical for this gene's ability to restore the high wild-type reactivation phenotype to a herpes simplex virus-1 lat null mutant. | during neuronal latency of herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1, the latency-associated transcript (lat) is the only viral gene readily detectable. lat is required for the high-level reactivation phenotype in animal models. lat's anti-apoptotic activity was recently demonstrated by our group and it was proposed that lat's anti-apoptotic function is involved in enhancing the reactivation phenotype. recently, using chimeric virus cjlat, it was shown that the reactivation phenotype of lat(-) mutant dlat290 ... | 2003 | 14573802 |
| [infectious bovine rhinotracheitis outbreak on a mostly bhv-1 free farm can result in great damage]. | in a suckler herd with 110 cows (without young stock born in 2003) 5 cows died within 10 days, 6 calves were born dead prematurely and 5 calves were born alive but prematurely. the diagnosis bhv1-infection was based on clinical symptoms and confirmed with pcr. the clinical signs, diagnostic methods, therapy, risk-analysis and prevention are discussed. | 2003 | 14582321 |
| humoral immune response to infectious agents in aborted bovine fetuses in argentina. | the purpose of this study was to characterize the exposure of bovine aborted fetuses from beef and dairy herds of the humid pampas of argentina to different infectious agents by the evaluation of fetal fluid antibodies. presence of fetal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus genotype 1 (bvdv-1), bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1), leptospira interrogans, brucella abortus, and neospora caninum was determined. of the 95 fetuses processed, 66 came from 49 beef herds and 29 from 12 dairy herds. ... | 2003 | 14587376 |
| design-based analysis of surveys: a bovine herpesvirus 1 case study. | this paper critically assesses the design implications for the analysis of surveys of infections. it indicates the danger of not accounting for the study design in the statistical investigation of risk factors. a stratified design often implies an increased precision while clustering of infection results in a decreased precision. through pseudo-likelihood estimation and linearisation of the variance estimator, the design effects can be taken into account in the analysis. the intra-cluster-correl ... | 2003 | 14596542 |
| comparison of humoral immune responses in dairy heifers vaccinated with 3 different commercial vaccines against bovine viral diarrhea virus and bovine herpesvirus-1. | a randomized clinical trial was conducted to compare the humoral immune response to 3 different commercial vaccines in dairy heifers housed in 3 different dairy farms in quebec. all heifers were seronegative to type 1 bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) (singer strain), type 2 bvdv (nvsl 125c strain), and bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) at the beginning of the trial. in addition, control heifers in group 1 remained seronegative to the 2 viruses till the end of the trial. significant differences in h ... | 2003 | 14601677 |
| cloning and initial characterization of an alternatively spliced transcript encoded by the bovine herpes virus 1 latency-related gene. | bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) establishes latency in trigeminal ganglionic sensory neurons of infected cattle. the latency-related (lr) rna is the only abundantly expressed viral transcript in sensory neurons of latently infected calves. wild-type expression of lr gene products is required for the latency-reactivation cycle in calves. lr rna is alternatively spliced in trigeminal ganglia (tg) after infection of calves, suggesting that these alternatively spliced transcripts encode novel factors t ... | 2003 | 14602574 |
| rise and survival of bovine herpesvirus 1 recombinants after primary infection and reactivation from latency. | recombination is thought to be an important source of genetic variation in herpesviruses. several studies, performed in vitro or in vivo, detected recombinant viruses after the coinoculation of two distinguishable strains of the same herpesvirus species. however, none of these studies investigated the evolution of the relative proportions of parental versus recombinant progeny populations after coinoculation of the natural host, both during the excretion and the reexcretion period. in the presen ... | 2003 | 14610176 |
| recombinant virus-expressed bovine cytokines do not improve efficacy of a bovine herpesvirus 1 marker vaccine strain. | cytokines play a key role as regulators of the immune response. to elucidate whether the efficacy of a live virus vaccine can be improved by co-expression of cytokines, expression cassettes for bovine interleukins (boil)-2, -4, -6, and -12 and bovine interferon-gamma (boifn-gamma) were integrated into the glycoprotein e (ge)-locus of the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) vaccine virus strain gk/d. cell culture analyses demonstrated that expression of the cytokines did not impair the replication of th ... | 2003 | 14615147 |
| serological study of a population of alpine chamois (rupicapra r rupicapra) affected by an outbreak of respiratory disease. | a serological survey of respiratory virus infections was carried out from 1998 to 2001 in lecco province, italy, as part of a health monitoring programme in a population of alpine chamois, many of which died of pneumonia in autumn and winter 2000 to 2001; 194 carcases of all age classes were found over a short period and in a small area. eighteen of them, which were examined postmortem, consistently showed signs of severe fibrinous lobar pneumonia or catarrhal bronchopneumonia. samples of serum ... | 2003 | 14640327 |
| detection of bovine gammaherpesviruses by a nested duplex pcr. | the two bovine gammaherpesviruses (alcelaphine herpesvirus 1, alhv-1; bovine herpesvirus 4, bohv-4) are distributed worldwide in cattle populations. since the animals are frequently infected latently with no or low seropositivity, a dna based diagnostic method would be useful for surveys and detection of these viruses. in the present study a nested duplex pcr was established for the sensitive and specific simultaneous detection of both viruses. the primers were designed for the gene of the major ... | 2004 | 14656465 |
| the role of acidogenic diets and beta-hydroxybutyate on lymphocyte proliferation and serum antibody response against bovine respiratory viruses in holstein steers. | acidogenic diets were evaluated for their effects on lymphocyte proliferation in response to staphylococcus aureus exotoxin b (seb), and specific lymphocyte proliferation and serum-neutralizing antibody titers to four bovine respiratory viruses in vitro. four holstein steer calves, with an average weight of 213 +/- 42 kg, were fed a basal (control) diet consisting of 49% forage and 51% concentrate (dm basis), with 15% cp (on a dm basis). three additional treatment diets were used: 1) the basal d ... | 2003 | 14677865 |
| modified location of the major histocompatibility protein kb by co-delivery with vp22 protein. | we report the construction of an expression vector pvp22::kb that encodes a chimeric protein composed of vp22 and murine major histocompatibility complex class i molecule, kb. flow cytometry assays show that vp22 modifies normal cell surface localization of kb protein. | 2004 | 14715317 |
| resistance to pseudorabies virus infection in transformed cell lines expressing a soluble form of porcine herpesvirus entry mediator c. | porcine herpesvirus entry mediator c (hvec) is an alphaherpesvirus receptor that binds to virion glycoprotein d (gd). porcine hvec mediates entry of pseudorabies virus (prv), herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1). in order to assess the antiviral potential of a soluble form of porcine hvec, vero cells were transformed with the chimeric gene expressing a fusion protein (phvecig) consisting of an extracellular domain of porcine hvec and the fc p ... | 2004 | 14718632 |
| antibodies to ruminant alpha-herpesviruses and pestiviruses in norwegian cervids. | a serologic survey revealed that norwegian populations of free-ranging reindeer (rangifer tarandus tarandus), roe deer (capreolus capreolus), red deer (cervus elaphus), and moose (alces alces) have been exposed to alpha-herpesviruses and pestiviruses. a total of 3,796 serum samples collected during the period 1993-2000 were tested in a neutralization test for antibodies against bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) or cervid herpesvirus 2 (cerhv-2), and 3,897 samples were tested by a neutralization test ... | 2003 | 14733272 |
| health evaluation of pampas deer (ozotoceros bezoarticus celer) at campos del tuyú wildlife reserve, argentina. | samples from 14 free-ranging pampas deer (ozotoceros bezoarticus celer) were collected in 1995 and 1998, at campos del tuyú wildlife reserve, buenos aires, argentina. hematology, serum chemistries, minerals and metals, and fecal parasites were analyzed. in addition, fecal ova and parasites were evaluated seasonally during 1998-2000. serology for infectious diseases included blue-tongue, brucellosis, bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection, bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease, infectious b ... | 2003 | 14733285 |
| maternally derived humoral immunity to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 1a, bvdv1b, bvdv2, bovine herpesvirus-1, parainfluenza-3 virus bovine respiratory syncytial virus, mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida in beef calves, antibody decline by half-life studies and effect on response to vaccination. | the passive immunity transferred to calves from their dams was investigated in a beef herd to determine half-life of antibody, estimated time to seronegative status and effect on immunization. one hundred two beef calves in a commercial ranch under standard management conditions were utilized. samples were collected at branding (day 0). this was the first possible date to collect samples postcalving. this was approximately 2 months postcalving, and days 95 and 116. the calves were divided into t ... | 2004 | 14741155 |
| infection by neospora caninum associated with bovine herpesvirus 1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus in cattle from minas gerais state, brazil. | neospora caninum is a canine parasite which is considered a significant cause of bovine abortion. two cattle herd groups were serologically studied with the objective of studying the prevalence of infection by n. caninum associated with bhv1 and bvdv infections. in group i, 15 dairy herds (476 samples) naturally infected by the three infectious agents were analyzed,. in group ii, three dairy herds (100 samples) of cows vaccinated for two viruses were analyzed, in order to determine the infection ... | 2004 | 14746970 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to a brazilian bovine herpesvirus type 5. | antigens of a bovine herpesvirus type 5 (bhv-5), isolated from a cow with a neurological infection in rio grande do sul state, brazil, were used to immunize balb/c mice to produce monoclonal antibodies (mabs). eleven hybridomas secreting mabs directed at bhv-5 antigens were obtained after two fusions and screening of 356 hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine-resistant clones. the mabs reacted at dilutions up to 1:500 (hybridoma culture supernatant) and up to >1:10,000 (ascitic fluid) in an indirect ... | 2004 | 14762576 |
| molecular characterisation of a field strain of bubaline herpesvirus isolated from buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) after pharmacological reactivation. | two healthy buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) in a herd which had not been vaccinated against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (ibr), were selected for their seropositivity for anti-bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bohv-1) glycoprotein e antibodies, and injected intramuscularly daily with dexamethasone for five consecutive days (day 1 to day 5) to reactivate any latent herpesvirus. blood samples and nasal and vaginal swabs were collected daily from day 5 to day 15 from each buffalo for virological examinat ... | 2004 | 14979671 |
| the latency-related gene encoded by bovine herpesvirus 1 can suppress caspase 3 and caspase 9 cleavage during productive infection. | when the bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) latency-related (lr) gene is inserted into the latency-associated transcript (lat) locus of a herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) lat deletion mutant, high levels of spontaneous reactivation from latency and enhanced pathogenesis occur. the lr gene, but not lat, inhibits caspase 3 cleavage during productive infection. plasmids containing lat or the lr gene inhibit caspase 3 activation in transiently transfected cells, suggesting productive infection blocks c ... | 2004 | 14982730 |
| gaucher and fabry diseases: from understanding pathophysiology to rational therapies. | over the past 40 years there has been remarkable development in our understanding of the pathophysiology of lysosomal storage disorders. this review describes the research carried out on the sphingolipid storage disorders from the first demonstration of the underlying metabolic abnormality in gaucher disease to the development of enzyme replacement therapy for gaucher and fabry diseases. initial developments in gene therapy are also described. conclusion: the introduction of enzyme replacement t ... | 2003 | 14989461 |
| a mutation in the latency-related gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 inhibits protein expression from open reading frame 2 and an adjacent reading frame during productive infection. | the latency-related (lr) gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1) is abundantly expressed during latency. a mutant bhv-1 strain that contains three stop codons at the 5' terminus of the lr gene (lr mutant) does not reactivate from latency. this study demonstrates that the lr mutant does not express open reading frame 2 or an adjacent reading frame that lacks an initiating atg (reading frame c). since the lr mutant and wild-type bhv-1 express similar levels of lr rna, we conclude that lr protein expr ... | 2004 | 14990740 |