Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| isolation of skin permeability factors from culture filtrates of salmonella typhimurium. | engerotoxins isolated from vibrio cholerae and toxigenic escherichia coli cause permeability alterations in rabbit skin. firm induration and erythema are observed within 18 to 24 h, and visualization of the reaction may be enhanced by intravenous injection of pontamine sky blue dye. two skin permeability factors (pf) have been found in culture filtrates of salmonella typhimurium. a rapid acting factor, produced optimally in brain heart infusion broth at 37 degrees c by numerous salmonella specie ... | 1976 | 786890 |
| tandem duplications of the histidine operon observed following generalized transduction in salmonella typhimurium. | 1976 | 787532 | |
| protocols for the dominant lethal test, host-mediated assay, and in vivo cytogenetic test used in the food and drug administration's review of substances in the gras (generally recognized as safe) list. | protocols are described for the dominant lethal and in vivo cytogenetics test in rats and the host-mediated assay, using salmonella typhimurium and saccharomyces cerevisiae in mice, as used by the food and drug administration in its mutagenicity review of substances from the generally recognized as safe (gras) list. in addition proctolols are described for in vitro mutagenicity tests with s. typhimurium and s. cerevisiae and for statistical treatment for evaluation of data from dominant lethal t ... | 1976 | 787548 |
| growth of coliphage bf23 on rough strains of salmonella typhimurium: the bfe locus. | coliphage bf23 develops in salmonella typhimurium rough strains. the phage is neither restricted nor modified by s. typhimurium. the growth patterns of the phage were slightly different in s. typhimurium than in escherichia coli, although phage propagated on s. typhimurium is identical to the phage propagated in e. coli by several criteria used. mutants of s. typhimurium resistant to bf23 were isolated and found to map (by p22- and pl-mediated transduction) in the same position as bfe mutants of ... | 1976 | 787757 |
| gene expression of the histidine operon. | histidine biosynthesis in salmonella typhi-murium and escherichia coli is regulated through repression and feedback inhibition. repression is triggered by the intracellular level of histidyl-trna whereas feedback inhibition is brought about by histidine itself, an allosteric inhibitor of the first biosynthetic enzyme. several lines of evidence indicate that these two processes are interconnected and the first biosynthetic enzyme is itself a regulatory molecule for the his operon. the regulation ... | 1976 | 788469 |
| influence of temperature on growth of lipopolysaccharide-deficient (rough) mutants of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella minnesota. | smooth strains of salmonella typhimurium and s. minnesota, and chemotypes ra, rb, and rc, which are deficient in lipopolysaccharide components of the somatic side chains and outer core region, grow normally on nutrient agar and nutrient broth up to 45 degrees c. however, most mutants with defects in the heptose region of the lps (chemotypes rd2 and re) do not grow on this medium at 42 degrees c or above; a few grow at 42 degrees c but not at 45 degrees c. in liquid medium (nutrient broth, or pho ... | 1976 | 788869 |
| mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of benzo(a)pyrene arene oxides, phenols, quinones, and dihydrodiols in bacterial and mammalian cells. | twenty-nine benzo(a)pyrene derivatives were tested for mutagenic acitivity without metabolic activation in salmonella typhimurium strains ta98, ta100, and ta1538 and in chinese hamster v79 cells. the compounds studied included 4 arene oxides, all 12 isomeric phenols, 5 quinones, and 8 dihydrodiols. benzo(a)pyrene 4,5-oxide was the most mutagenic of the compounds tested in both the bacterial and mammalian systems. the other arene oxides [benzo(a)pyrene 7,8-, 9,10-, and 11,12-oxides] were only wea ... | 1976 | 788898 |
| mutagenicity and cytotoxicity of benzo(a)pyrene benzo-ring epoxides. | four benzo-ring epoxides of the environmental carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (bp) were tested for mutagenic and cytotoxic activity in 3 strains of salmonella typhimurium (ta1538, ta98, and ta100) and in chinese hamster v79 cells. although very unstable in aqueous solution, 7beta,8alpha-dihydroxy-0beta,10beta-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo(a)pyrene (diol epoxide 1), with the 7-hydroxyl group on the same face of the molecule as the epoxide oxygen, was 1.5 to 4 times as mutagenic in the bacterial strain ... | 1976 | 788899 |
| [differences in the mutagenic effectiveness of n-nitrosomethyl- and n-nitrosoethylurea acting on bacterial dna in vivo]. | chemically induced lethals and reversion frequencies of two mutants of salmonella typhimurium lt-2 1530 and 1532 were examined. prototrophic mutants to histidine independence occurred by two different mechanisms and were induced by nitrous acid, hydroxylamine, n-nitrosomethylurea (nmu), n-nitrosoethylurea (neu) and n, n, nitrosodimethylurea (ndmu). the ability of the mutants to revert was affected by the chemical structure (in the row of n-nitrosoalkylurea - by alkyl group) of the mutagen. neu i ... | 1976 | 789181 |
| nonspecific resistance against infection with salmonella typhi and salmonella typhimurium induced in mice by cord factor (trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate) and its analogues. | mice pretreated intraperitoneally with trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (cord factor) were protected against an intraperitoneal challenge with salmonella typhi strain ty2 or salmonella typhimurium strain sr 11. the nonspecific resistance to s. typhi and s. typhimurium was still detectable 7 and 14 days, respectively, after administration of cord factor. the effect of cord factor was local. synthetic analogues of cord factor--trehalose-6,6'-dipalmitate and trehalose monopalmitate--also induced nonspecif ... | 1976 | 789240 |
| ultraviolet light protection, enhancement of ultraviolet light mutagenesis, and mutator effect of plasmid r46 in salmonella typhimurium. | plasmid r46 partially protected salmonella typhimurium, wild type or uvrb or pola, against the lethal effect of ultraviolet (uv) irradiation, but did not protect reca mutants. the plasmid also increased frequency of uv-induced reversion to his+ in all tested his point mutants (wild type for uv sensitivity), including amber, ochre, uga, missense, and frame-shift mutants. plasmid r46 also increased uv-induced reversion to his+ in uvrb and pola strains, but no uv mutagenic effect was detected in r- ... | 1976 | 789333 |
| regulation of purine utilization in bacteria. vii. involvement of membrane-associated nucleoside phosphorylase in the uptake and the base-mediated loss of the ribose moiety of nucleosides by salmonella typhimurium membrane vesicles. | although uridine and adenosine are converted by membrane-associated nucleoside phosphorylases to ribose-1-phosphate (ribose-1-p) and the corresponding bases (uracil and adenine), only ribose -1-p is accumulated within salmonella typhimurium lt2 membrane vesicles. in accordance with these observations, no uptake is observed when the vesicles are incubated with the bases or nucleosides labeled in their base moieties. the vesicles lack a transport system for ribos-1-p, since excess ribose-1-p does ... | 1976 | 789336 |
| repression of alkaline phosphatase in salmonella typhimurium carrying a phoa+ phor- episome from escherichia coli. | salmonella typhimurium does not produce alkaline phosphatase (nor beta-galactosidase). nevertheless, it has the function of the phor+ regulatory gene but lacks the function of the laci+ regulatory gene. several periplasmic proteins are derepressed when cells of s. typhimurium are starved for inorganic phosphate. the role of phor is discussed. | 1976 | 789359 |
| sugar transport. the crr mutation: its effect on repression of enzyme synthesis. | the accompanying report describes phosphotransferase system-mediated repression in mutants of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli defective in enzyme i and histidine-containing phosphate carrier protein (hpr), the general proteins of the phosphotransferase system (pts). such repression prevented the cells from synthesizing the catabolic systems required for utilization of the non-pts compounds glycerol, maltose, melibiose, mannose 6-phosphate, and alpha-glycerol phosphate. this defect ca ... | 1976 | 789369 |
| salmonella in the american cockroach: evaluation of vector potential through dosed feeding experiments. | restrained american cockroaches, periplaneta americana l., were fed graded doses of salmonella typhimurium ranging from 1-6 x 10(3) to 2-0 x 10(6), and their faeces assayed daily for the pathogen. only 4 specimens out of 117 demonstrated multiplication of salmonellas, which was unrelated to size of input. when data of persistence regardless of actual numbers were expressed as percentage salmonella-positive faecal-days, and these transformed to probits, a graph of percentage-positive faecal-days ... | 1976 | 789761 |
| resistance to chloramphenicol and ampicillin of salmonella typhimurium in ontario, canada. | combined resistance to chloramphenicol and ampicillin in salmonella typhimurium is appearing in canada. five cases of this type of infection have been noted. the isolates are resistant to streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline, in addition to ampicillin and and chloramphenicol; four isolates are also resistant to kanamycin. in each isolate the determinant for chloramphenicol resistance is linked to a conjugative plasmid. four of the chloramphenicol plasmids appear to be related in resistan ... | 1976 | 789789 |
| the formation of a dissociable plasmid cointegrate from the flac factor and the resident plasmid of salmonella typhimurium lt2. | the flac factor showed unstable maintenance in salmonella typhimurium dnac mp10lt2. the properties of a more stable lac+ derivate (sd-1) are described. sd-1 was ts and carried the fi+ property and the ability to transfer the lac+ character. it contained a large plasmid of molecular weight about 129 x 10(6) daltons. the properties of sd-1 and its derivatives suggested that the large plasmid was a cointegate of flac and the mp10lt2 plasmid. lac+ transfer was efficient from sd-1 to m799 mp10lt2 and ... | 1976 | 789812 |
| bacteriophage-specific dna-binding proteins in p22-lysogenic and in p22-infected salmonella typhimurium. | crude extracts of salmonella typhimurium lysogenic for phages p22 or l contain proteins that specifically retain phage dna on nitrocellulose filters. three dna-binding activities were found after infection with p22. one is p22 specific, accounts for the largest proportion of dna-binding proteins, and corresponds most likely to the c2 repressor. an early transient binding activity measured with both p22 and l dna was found to be directly related to the expression of genes c1 and c3. a third, late ... | 1976 | 789913 |
| a mutation affecting expression of the gene coding for serine transacetylase in salmonella typhimurium. | a 1,2,4-triazole resistant mutant of s. typhimurium has been isolated, in which serine transacetylase activity is seven times higher than in wild type. partially purified serine transacetylase from a strain carrying the trz-312 mutation has kinetic properties which are virtually identical to those of the wild type enzyme and binds to o-acetylserine sulfhydrylase a to form a cysteine synthetase complex which is also indistinguishable from that found in wild type. thus the increased activity of se ... | 1976 | 790154 |
| [action spectra for lethality in recombination-less strains of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli]. | 1976 | 790417 | |
| lysis of a temperature conditional thiamineless mutant of salmonella typhimurium by glucose and other hexoses. | the sm-3 mutant of salmonella typhimurium was isolated as streptomycin resistant and temperature conditional thiamine auxotroph. at 37 c it required thiamine, although it behaves as a leaky mutant at this temperature in minimal liquid medium. at 30 degrees c it was able to growth without thiamine. in minimal-glucose-aminoacids at 37 c after an initial growth, cellular lysis occurred. the same happened with other hexoses, but it was not observable when glycerol or lactate were used as carbon sour ... | 1975 | 790481 |
| [clarification of a salmonella typhimurium epidemic in north-eastern switzerland by means of bacteriological and serological methods]. | an outbreak of salmonella typhi murium caused by person-to-person contacts was observed in kurhaus (ne switzerland) in late 1973. in all, 18 patients with clinical symptoms and 8 asymptomatic carriers were registered. however, 1 1/2 months elapsed before the etiologic diagnosis could be established. the infection was then transmitted, probably by a visiting nurse, to the personnel of a neighbouring school. an outbreak followed thereafter including 31 clinically manifest patients and 10 asymptoma ... | 1976 | 790563 |
| in vivo spread of infectious drug resistance in turkeys. | multiresistant salmonella typhimurium donor and multisensitive escherichia coli recipient spread from the infected group of turkey poults to the control group. contact poults given only the s typhimurium donor and placed in the same cage with infected poults given both the donor and the e coli recipient exhibited in vivo patterns of antibiotic drug resistance transfer similar to the patterns obtained in the infected poults. this in vivo spread of antibiotic drug resistance in turkeys was establi ... | 1976 | 791027 |
| influence of subtherapeutic levels of a combination of neomycin and oxytetracycline on salmonella typhimurium in swine, calves, and chickens. | subtherapeutic levels of oxytetracycline plus neomycin in animal feeds did not bring about increases in the quantity, prevalence, or shedding of salmonella typhimurium in swine, calves, or chickens. in fact, the medication generally reduced the proportion of animals carrying s. typhimurium. the medicated groups were fed rations containing oxytetracycline plus neomycin commencing 5 days prior to oral inoculation with s. typhimurium and continuing through a 28-day postinoculation period. colonizat ... | 1976 | 791090 |
| antitrichomonad action, mutagenicity, and reduction of metronidazole and other nitroimidazoles. | twelve 4- and 5-nitroimidazole derivatives, including metronidazole and two of its metabolites, tinidazole, dimetridazole, and nimorazole, were tested for antitrichomonad action on tritrichomonas foetus (kv(1)) and trichomonas vaginalis (atcc 30001) for mutagenicity on a nitroreductase-positive (ta 100) and a nitroreductase-deficient (ta 100-fr(1)) strain of salmonella typhimurium, as well as for the reducibility of the nitro group by t. foetus homogenates. compounds with activity <1% of that of ... | 1976 | 791102 |
| an apparent lack of stereospecificity in the reaction catalysed by deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolase due to methyl-group rotation and enolization before product release. | in the reaction catalysed by deoxyribose 5-phosphate aldolase (2-deoxy-d-ribose 5-phosphate acetaldehyde-lyase, ec 4.1.2.4) from salmonella typhimurium, almost complete equilibration of the methyl-group protons of the product, acetaldehyde, occurs before its release from the enzyme surface. this phenomenon does not allow the stereo-chemical course of the reaction to be determined by using hydrogen-isotope labelling of the methyl group to generate a chiral centre. | 1976 | 791268 |
| temperature-sensitive 14c-galactose uptake by a division mutant of salmonella typhimurium. | 1976 | 791459 | |
| association of viable and inactivated salmonella typhimurium 395 ms and mr 10 with hela cells. | the mouse-virulent salmonella typhimurium 395 ms, containing a complete lipopolysaccharide (lps) structure with s-specific repeating units, and the nonvirulent, lps-defective mutant 395 mr 10 (chemotype rd), derived from it, were studied for their tendency to interact with hela cells. in the definition of interaction no distinction has been made between intracellular and cell membrane-attached bacteria. r10 bacteria were found to have a greater tendency to interact than ms bacteria. this differe ... | 1976 | 791864 |
| uroporphyrinogen iii cosynthase-deficient mutant of salmonella typhimurium lt2. | a new type of heme-deficient mutant of salmonella typhimurium lt2 was isolated using neomycin. the mutant, designated as strain sasy74, accumulated uroporphyrin i and coproporphyrin i. extracts of the mutant converted 5-aminolevulinic acid to uroporphyrin i. extracts of the mutant sasy74 and of the uroporphyrinogen synthase-deficient mutant sasy32 complemented each other and converted, when incubated together, 5-aminolevulinic acid to protoporphyrin. this finding excludes the possibility that ur ... | 1976 | 791926 |
| salmonella typhimurium mutants generally defective in chemotaxis. | the mutations of eight chemotaxis-deficient strains of salmonella typhimurium, including five new mutants in strain lt2, were mapped by p22 transduction in relation to various fla mot deletions in s. abortus-equi. seven recessive che mutations mapped between motb and flac: three, all nontumbling, the che region i, adjacent to motb, and four, including one ever-tumbling, in che region ii, adjacent to flac. mutant che-107, never-tumbling and dominant to wild type, mapped at flaaii, other mutations ... | 1976 | 791930 |
| 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-d-glucose-resistant salmonella typhimurium mutants defective in the phosphoenolpyruvate:glycose phosphotransferase system. | three classes of phosphotransferase system mutants in salmonella typhimurium were selected through their resistance to 3-deoxy-3-fluoro-d-glucose (dfg). strains with mutations in the ptsh (hpr) and/or pts i (enzyme i) genes were selected on medium containing lactate plus dfg. strains with mutations in ptsh but not psti were selected on medium containing fructose plus dfg. clones isolated from fructose plus dfg semisolid plates and selected for ability to swarm were mutant in either ptsh or ptsg. ... | 1976 | 791932 |
| diploidy for a structural gene specifying a major protein of the outer cell envelope membrane from escherichia coli k-12. | homogenotes, heterogenotes, and intergeneric hybrids have been studied that are diploid for the structural gene of a major outer cell envelope membrane protein (protein ii) from escherichia coli. this protein can act as a phage receptor. in wild-type homogenotes, diploidy for the gene did not cause a gene dosage effect. it could be shown with two heterogenotes that both the chromosomal mutant and the episomal wild-type genes are expressed, and in each case more of the mutant than the wild-type p ... | 1976 | 791936 |
| effects of inhibitors of protein, rna and dna synthesis on heat-injured salmonella typhimurium lt2. | the role of protein, rna and dna synthesis in the repair of thermal injury in salmonella typhrimurium was investigated. thermal injury was assessed by the 'minimal medium recovery' system: after heat treatment, higher viable counts are obtained on minimal-medium agar than on complex-medium agar, and the ability of heated bacteria to form colonies on complex-medium agar is recovered when they are incubated in liquid minimal medium. this recovery is inhibited by rifampin and chloramphenicol, but n ... | 1976 | 792394 |
| isolation and genetic mapping of escherichia coli aminopeptidase mutants. | many mutant strains devoid of aminopeptidase activity have been isolated in escherichia coli. all of them produce cross-reacting material when tested against specific antiaminopeptidase antibody. the map position of the locus specifying this enzyme has been determined by three conjugations and two p1 mediated transduction experiments. by analogy with salmonella typhimurium this locus has been called pepn (miller, 1975). mutations in pepn are jointly transduced with faba and pyrd at high frequenc ... | 1976 | 792681 |
| experimental procedure for testing the effects of low level antibiotic feeding and therapeutic treatment on salmonella typhimurium var. copenhagen infection in broiler chicks. | procedures are described for determining the effects of low level antibiotic feed additives in broiler chick rations when chicks are artificially infected with salmonella typhimurium var. copenhagen and the effectiveness of the same antibiotics used therapeutically for salmonellosis. these procedures also permit study of development of antibiotic resistant enteric flora related to antibiotic feeding and the transferability of the resistance. measures should be taken to monitor and assure minimal ... | 1976 | 792856 |
| the significance of the serotype in the clinical and pathological features of naturally occurring porcine salmonellosis. | salmonellosis was the diagnosis in 63 of 327 consecutive porcine necropsy accessions during a one year period in indiana, an incidence four to ten times that previously reported in other areas. a herd outbreak was usually either a septicemic disease characterized by sudden mortality. little overlap between these two syndromes were seen. animals dying with the septicemic form usually yielded salmonella choleraesuis var. kunzendorf on culture. salmonella typhimurium was the usual isolate from case ... | 1976 | 793690 |
| evaluation of the mutagenicity of compounds of known carcinogenicity, belonging to the benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, and cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene series, using ames's test. | fifty-four polycyclic compounds, 29 of the cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene series, 11 chrysenes, and 14 benz[a]anthracenes, have been tested for mutagenicity by ames's method, using salmonella typhimurium ta100. without exception all 37 carcinogens and a known initiator were mutagens. of the 16 noncarcinogens 7 were mutagenic, but none of these has yet been tested for initiating, as opposed to carcinogenic, activity. there appeared to be little quantitative correspondence between carcinogenic and muta ... | 1976 | 793712 |
| survey for salmonellae in porcine bile and cecums and on equipment surfaces in an ohio abattoir. | porcine bile samples and cecal swabbings and environmental swabbings collected from an abattoir in columbus, oh, were examined for salmonellae. of 40 cecal swabbings, 6 were culture-positive for salmonella choleraesuis and 2 of 25 swabbings of surfaces that were in contact with edible products were culture-positive for salmonella typhimurium. all of 500 bile samples were salmonella-free. | 1976 | 794045 |
| fimbriae and infectivity in salmonella typhimurium. | a genotypically non-fimbriate (fim-) strain of salmonella typhimurium and a genotypically fimbriate (fim+) strain derived from it by spontaneous mutation were compared for pathogenicity in mice. the two strains caused similar numbers of infections and deaths in groups of mice challenged by intraperitoneal inoculation, and nearly similar numbers in groups challenged by inoculation on to the conjunctiva, but the fim+ strain caused many more infections (plus 26%) and deaths (plus 40%) than the fim- ... | 1976 | 794477 |
| isolation of salmonella typhimurium var. copenhagen from crows in the city of otaru. | 1976 | 794548 | |
| comparative mutagenicity of n-nitrosamines in a semi-solid and in a liquid incubation system in the presence of rat or human tissue fractions. | the rat liver microsome-mediated mutagenicities of a series of n-nitrosodialkylamines and heterocyclic n-nitrosamines were determined in a liquid incubation system using salmonella typhimurium ta1530. the influence on mutation frequency of the concentration of co-factors for mixed-function oxidase and composition and molarity of the buffer was investigated, using n-nitrosomorpholine as substrate. the mutagenicity of the n-nitroso compounds in the liquid incubation system under optimal reaction c ... | 1976 | 794701 |
| mutagenicity of k-region epoxides of polycyclic aromatic compounds: structure-activity relationship. | the mutagenicity of several k-region arene oxides was tested in histidine-dependent mutants of salmonella typhimurium. benzo(a)pyrene-4,5-oxide and pyrene-4,5-oxide as well as some substituted phenanthrene oxides were mutagenic in strains ta 1538 and ta 98 which detect frame-shift mutagens. structure-activity relationships are discussed from the standpoint of chemical reactivity. the absence of direct correlation between electrophilic reactivity and mutagenicity may suggest that primilarily phys ... | 1976 | 794704 |
| hla-antigen b27 in cases with joint affections in an outbreak of salmonellosis. | an outbreak of infection with salmonella typhi murium occurred in southern sweden in the summer of 1974. about 330 persons were infected; 91 were hospitalized. 13 of the 91 patients (9 men and 4 women) had symptoms of aseptical polyarthritis. the 13 patients with arthritis were hla typed with a standard microlymphocytotoxicity test. 13 salmonellosis patients from the same epidemic but without arthritis and 446 healthy blood donors served as controls. nine (69%) of the 13 patients with arthritis ... | 1976 | 795004 |
| [secretory immunoglobulins and serum antibodies after oral infection of the white mouse with salmonella typhimurium (author's transl)]. | white mice were infected via the gastrointestinal tract with s. typhimurium. the immunoglobulin class of specific antibodies appearing in serum and intestinal secretions was determined. specific antibodies were detected as early as 7 days after infection in the intestinal secretions, and reached maximum titers on day 21. these antibodies belonged exclusively to the iga class. after day 21, at a time when serum antibodies had reached high titers, antibodies of the igg class were also detectable i ... | 1976 | 795196 |
| [metabolic changes in salmonella typhimurium strains following treatment with various detergents and lipid solvents]. | 1976 | 795271 | |
| the cell-wall lipopolysaccharide of escherichia coli k-12. structure and acceptor site for o-antigen and other substituents. | the lipopolysaccharides of two wild-type escherichia coli k-12 strains, two core-deficient mutants and one sr recombinant with salmonella typhimurium specificity were analyzed. the respective oligosaccharides were dephosphorylated and methylated. chemical analysis of the oligosaccharides and mass spectrometric analysis of their methylated derivatives indicated the presence of core structures with different degrees of completion. in different strains of e. coli k-12 the complete core is substitut ... | 1976 | 795647 |
| experimental carrier in dogs produced by oral administration of salmonella typhimurium. | 1976 | 796507 | |
| identification of an antibody binding site in the phase-1 flagellar protein of salmonella typhimurium. | a synthesized pentapeptide equivalent to a region of the phase-1 flagellar protein of salmonella typhimurium was found to be specifically bound by antisera possessing agglutinating activity against the phase-1 flagellar antigen i. | 1976 | 796628 |
| mutagenic evaluation of ronidazole. | ronidazole was evaluated for mutagenic potential using in vitro microbial tests and in vivo studies in mice. the microbial test used the histidine requiring mutants of salmonella typhimurium with and without a rat liver microsomal activation system (ames test). the studies in mice included the dominant lethal test, micronucleus test and cytogenetic assays. ronidazole was given orally in doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day in the in vivo studies. in the dominant lethal test, groups of male mice we ... | 1976 | 796694 |
| mutagenic effect of nialamide on salmonella typhimurium. | the mutagenicity of an antidepressant drug, nialamide, was studied with salmonella typhimurium ta1535-8. nialamied was mutagenic for strain ta1535 in the absence of rat liver extracts. | 1976 | 796695 |
| mutagenicity of the food colour brown fk and constituents in salmonella typhimurium. | the food colour brown fk (eec serial no. 124) is a mixture of p-sulphophenylazo derivatives of m-toluylenediamine and m-phenylenediamine and is used in the uk for colouring kippers. brown fk and its constituents were assayed for mutagenicity in salmonella typhimurium ta 1535, ta 1537 and ta 1538. samples of brown fk from three manufacturers were mutagenic in ta 1538 (framshift mutant) when activated by a rat-liver supernatant fraction. mutagenicity was linearly dose-dependent in the range of 0-- ... | 1976 | 796696 |
| the utilization of in vitro mutagenesis techniques to explain strain, age and sex related differences in dimethylnitrosamine tumor susceptibilities in mice. | the carcinogen dimethylnitrosamine (dmna) is known to exhibit a high degree of strain, organ, age, and sex related tumor specificity in mice. using microbial mutagenesis assay coupled with mouse tissue microsomal enzyme activation systems, evidence has been obtained that demonstrated a close relationship between the level of in vitro dmna activation to a mutagen and in vivo tumor susceptibility. dmna activation by liver, lung, and kidney microsomes from several mouse strains was compared by meas ... | 1976 | 796707 |
| effect of excision repair on azide-induced mutagenesis. | azide mutagenesis was investigated in salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. azide was highly effective in inducing his+ revertants in excision-repair deficient (uvrb) derivatives of s. typhimurium hisg46 and in inducing high frequencies of 5-fluorouracil resistant mutants in excision-repair deficient (uvra) derivatives of e. coli b/r wp2. in excision-repair plus strains, azide was only a marginal or ineffective mutagen, demonstrating that the bacterial excision-repair system could repair ... | 1976 | 796715 |
| [dynamics of agglutination in birds artificially infected with salmonella gallinarum-pullorum and salmonella typhimurium and treated with sulfaguanidine and furazolidone]. | canadian leghorn chickens were used to study the effect of sulfaguanidine and furazolidon on the dynamics of blood agglutinin formation. the birds were artificially infected with salmonella gallinarum-pullorum and salmonella typhimurium. at various intervals following infection they were treated with sulfaguanidine 1% tablets and 0.04% furazolidon. the level of agglutinins was determined by the methods of huddleson (whole blood agglutination reaction), the fast serum agglutination, the method af ... | 1976 | 797104 |
| nosocomial infection of nurselings caused by multiple drug resistant strain of salmonella typhimurium--utilization of a new typing method based on lysogeny of strains. | during a period of 18 months diarrheal diseases appeared among nurselings in one region of slovakia. salmonella typhimurium strains were isolated from 265 cases. the diseased nurselings were kept in a nurseling-home and/or were hospitalized in two city hospitals. the isolated salmonella typhimurium strains were resistant to ampicillin, carbenicillin, tetracyclin, chloramphenicol, neomycin, kanamycin and sulphonamides, and, carried r-plasmids. the tested strains proved identical by phage typing a ... | 1976 | 797179 |
| [ribosomal vaccine obtained from salmonella typhimurium and tested against the challenge of an orally administered virulent microorganism]. | ribosomal preparation obtained from salmonella typhimurium, used as a vaccine, was able to induce protection of 100% on mice challenged with 5.5 x 10(9) cfu of s. typhimirium administered by oral route. effective dose at 50% was of 0.1085 mug, expressed as ribonucleic acid (rna). this vaccine induced an important humoral response as soon as in nine days. the ribosomal preparation used in this work was maintained at 4 degrees c at least for eighty two days. this fact shows an adequate stability o ... | 1976 | 797331 |
| a role for antibody in the expression of cellular immunity to salmonella typhimurium c5. | immunisation of mice with alcohol-killed salmonella typhimurium c5 vaccine before infection with salmonella enteritidis 11rx enhanced the ability of these mice to control and eliminate a challenge dose of salmonella typhimurium c5, compared to mice which only received live salmonella enteritidis 11rx organisms. when alcohol-killed salmonella enteritidis se795 vaccine was used instead of the salmonella typhimurium c5 vaccine, this effect was not observed. these observations imply that both humora ... | 1976 | 797378 |
| the role of thymus-derived cells in immunity to salmonella infection. | the ability of thymus-derived (t) cell depleted mice to eliminate a dose of the normally avirulent 11rx strain of salmonella enteritidis was compared to that of normal mice by following the fate of the challenge organisms in the liver and spleen of both types of mice. although the mice did not require normal numbers of t cells to survive infection with salmonella enteritidis 11rx, t cell depletion reduced the ability of mice effectively to eliminate the organism from their tissues. in addition, ... | 1976 | 797379 |
| salmonella typhimurium colitis. | a patient in whom salmonella typhimurium infection caused a localised colitis is described. colitis has been demonstrated in experimental animals infected with s. typhimurium and noted at post mortem in patients dying from s. typhimurium infection. however colitis is an infrequently recognised feature of this infection in man, the usual diagnosis being one of gastroenteritis. there have been four other cases reported with radiological evidence of colonic involvement due to salmonella infection. ... | 1976 | 797382 |
| testing of some benzidine analogues for microsomal activation to bacterial mutagens. | analogues of benzidine were assayed for mutagenic activity towards salmonella typhimurium ta 1538 in the presence and absence of a liver enzyme preparation. purified 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine and the technical grade material had some direct mutagenic activity, but this was increased over 50-fold by addition of a liver mixed function oxidase preparation. in the presence of the liver preparation, 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine was approximately 10 times more active than benzidine, while 3,3',5,5'-tetrafluoro ... | 1975 | 797441 |
| n'-hydroxy-2-aminofluorene: the principal mutagen produced from n-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene by a mammalian supernatant enzyme preparation. | a salmonella typhimurium ta 1538 culture system wasused to monitor the production of mutagen from n-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene by soluble liver enzymes. when benzene was used to extract the mutagen, no mutagenic activity remained in the liver enzyme preparation. the benzene extract contained approximately two-thirds of the total mutagenic activity produced by the liver enzyme preparation. using thin layer and column chromatography to analyze the benzene extract, we deduced that n-hydroxy-2-am ... | 1976 | 797443 |
| pyogenic meningitis caused by salmonella typhimurium. | 1976 | 798015 | |
| effects of different levels of chlortetracycline in the diet of turkey poults artifically-infected with salmonella typhimurium. | two separate experiments were conducted to assess the shed rate and duration of shed of s . typhimurium organisms from turkey poults orally infected with chlortetracycline-sensitive s. typhimurium in relation to chloretetracycline (ctc) given in the feed at 0, growth promotant, subtherapeutic and therapeutic levels; the emergence of resistant s. typhimurium organisms in reference to the diet given; in vitro transfer of drug resistance from thses resistant s. typhimurium donor cultures to multipl ... | 1976 | 798179 |
| [variation of pyrolysis products from salmonella typhi-murium during subculturing (author's transl)]. | consecutive subculturing of the same bacterial strain over a period of time resulted in variations of relative concentration of pyrolysis products. it is recommended that judicious care should be taken in the choice of these products used for taxonomic purposes. | 1976 | 798515 |
| intradermal vaccination against salmonella typhimurium. experimental study on mice. | 1976 | 798565 | |
| a simple method for detection and analysis of carcinogenic nitrofuran compounds and their metabolites by combining chromatography and spot mutation tests. | a simple, sensitive, and convenient method combining thin-layer chromatography and a spot test for mutagenicity of salmonella typhimurium ta100 was utilized for the analysis of urine of rats fed n-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]-formamide (fanft), a potent experimental urinary bladder carcinogen. three metabolites of fanft were detected in urine, and one of these, accounting for 33% of the urinary metabolites of fanft, was identified as 2-amino-4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)thiazole (anft). anft was the ... | 1976 | 799604 |
| a comparison of the role of kinins and serotonin in endotoxin induced fever and trypanosoma vivax infections in the goat. | goats were infected with trypanosoma vivax or inoculated with a low pyrogenic dose of lipopolysaccharide (lps) obtained from escherichia coli or salmonella typhimurium in order to obtain evidence about the role of kinins and serotonin in the pathogenesis of trypanosomiasis and in endotoxin induced ruminal stasis. the following conclusions were made: (1) whole blood serotonin and bradykinin-like activity levels and clinical symptoms during fever, induced by lps e coli or t vivax infection are not ... | 1976 | 799824 |
| experimental infections of sheep with salmonella typhimurium. | twenty-two-six-to nine-month-old lambs were infected orally with salmonella typhimurium at levels varying from 2 x 10(13) to 1 x 10(9) and serially slaughtered to determine the pathogenesis of infection and to evaluate the efficacy of diagnostic procedures. infection resulted in a severe fatal or potentially fatal clinical disease in lambs receiving 2 x 10(13) organisms. observations were made on the clinical pathology, bacteriology and serology during the course of infection and extensive bacte ... | 1976 | 799826 |
| localization of the protective antigen in salmonella typhimurium. | active protection to challenge with 100 ld50 of salmonella typhimurium could be induced in white mice by inoculation with 10(3) live bacteria (0.1 ld50) or 10(8) heat killed bacteria (56 degrees c for 30 min), or 20 gamma ribosomal fraction. passive protection could be given by antisera taken from hyperimmune rabbits inoculated with either the heat killed bacteria or by the ribosomal fraction. no direct correlation between antibody titre to 'o' antigen and degree of protection was observed. abso ... | 1976 | 800632 |
| [salmonella typhimurium. antimicrobial drug resistance patterns and phage types (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 800899 | |
| [researches on antibiotic-resistance in "shigella sonnei" and "flexneri" and in "salmonella typhimurium" (author's transl)]. | ampicillin (a), streptomycin (s), aminosidin (k), chloramphenical (c) and tetracycline (t) resistance was investigated in 130 s. typhi murium, 18 shigella flexneri and 13 shigella sonnei strains, recovered from enteritis cases in 1970-1973. all salmonella and 70% shigella strains (without any appreciable differences between sh. sonnei and flexneri) were found resistant and most multiresistant. a-s-k-c-t resistance was frequently found: in 48% of the salmonella and 12% of the shigella strains. as ... | 1976 | 800942 |
| [salmonella typhimurium s neurotoxin effect on homologous bacteria]. | 1976 | 801242 | |
| effect of chemical modification by (di)imidoesters on cells and cell envelope components of escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium. | cells and cell envelope components of escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium were treated with mono- and bifunctional imidates like methylbutyrimidate, methyl-4-mercaptobutyrimidate and dimethylsuberimidate, and after determination of the appropriate conditions, the effects on structure and function were investigated. within 10 min after treatment of the bacteria with 5 mm of the (di)imidoesters, active transport, dna-, rna-, protein- and lipid-synthesis were severely inhibited. after cross ... | 1976 | 801370 |
| [salmonella typhimurium. antimicrobial drug resistance patterns and phage types (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 802427 | |
| composition of the first enzyme of histidine biosynthesis isolated from wild-type and mutant operator strains of salmonella typhimurium. | the first enzyme of histidine biosynthesis in salmonella typhimurium, adenosine triphosphate phosphoribosyltransferase (ec 2.4.2.17), has been purified from two bacterial strains containing histidine operator deletions and compared to the eenzyme from a strain that has a normal operator. the enzymes isolated in different ways also are compared. evidence as to the separateness of the operator and first structural gene or covalent modification of the first enzyme was sought. specific activity, his ... | 1975 | 803481 |
| demonstration of cell division by septation in a variety of gram-negative rods. | through use of an initial fixative employing a combination of crotonaldehyde and glutaraldehyde, septa were preserved in thin sections of dividing cells of strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhimurium, shigella sonnei, and escherichia coli when grown at 30 c in a dilute basal medium. the same procedures, however, revealed only a constrictive division process in proteus vulgaris and erwinia sp. this adds to the evidence that septation, although difficult to demonstrate, is the proces ... | 1975 | 803487 |
| the subunit structure of alpha-acetohydroxyacid isomeroreductase from salmonella typhimurium. | alpha-acetohydroxyacid isomeroreductase from salmonella typhimurium has a native molecular weight of 220,000. the constituent polypeptide chains exhibit anomalous but unimodal electrophoretic migration on sodium dodecyl sulfate-urea polyacrylamide gels. the subunit molecular weight, determined by sedimentation equilibrium in 6 m guanidine hydrochloride, is 57,000. the apparent tetrameric nature of the native enzyme was confirmed by determining the types of oligomers formed upon cross-linking wit ... | 1975 | 803501 |
| interaction of complement components with a serum-resistant strain of salmonella typhimurium. | salmonella typhimurium c5 is under normal conditions (physiological saline containing 0.002 m mg2+) resistant to the action of antibody and complement (c). it becomes sensitive, however, when suspended in tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane buffer (reynolds and pruul, 1971; reynolds and rowley, 1969). the interaction of complement components with this strain sensitized with specific antibody has been studied to identify the intermediate step at which inhibition occurs. the components c1 yields c2 r ... | 1975 | 804448 |
| genetic transfer of pseudomonas aeruginosa r factors to plant pathogenic erwinia species. | the r factors rp1, r68 and r91 were freely transmissible to and from pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella typhimurium, and various plant pathogenic erwinia spp. the antibiotic resistance spectrum of r+ erwinia recipients was similar to those of other bacteria harboring these r factors, but maximum resistance levels differed with each recipient. the sponstaneous elimination of these factors from the erwinia strains and the ability to transfer multiple antibiotic resistance suggest that these exist ... | 1975 | 804467 |
| stability of bacterial mutants in saline. | by storage in 1% nacl, genetically characterized strains of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were stable for more than 1 year at 4 c. this method of preservation was more effective than maintenance of the strains in stab culture. | 1975 | 804847 |
| effect of nonspecific stimulation on the defense mechanisms of inbred mice. | acquired resistance to facultative intracellular parasites was investigated in c57bl/6j inbred mice susceptibe to salmonella typhimurium but inherently resistant to listeria monocytogenes and in a/j inbred mice which showed the reverse relationship. a/j but not c57bl/6j mice were protected against s. typhimurium challenge by s. typhimurium phenol vaccine, s. typhimurium purified rna, or l. monocytogenes purified rna. c57bl/6j but not a/j could be protected against l. monocytogenes challenge by ... | 1975 | 805175 |
| in-vitro effect of edta-tris-lysozyme solutions on selected pathogenic bacteria. | the in-vitro effect of edta-tris-lysozyme solution on 16 pathogenic bacteria of medical or veterinary importance was determined. marked decreases in bacterial count occurred with pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, moraxella osloensis and campylobacter fetus, and smaller decreses with salmonella typhimurium, shigella boydii, aeromonas hydrophila, proteus mirabilis, listeria monocytogenes and erysipelothrix insidiosa. the test solution had no effect on klebsiella ozaenae, brucella canis, co ... | 1975 | 805241 |
| mutagenicity of organophosphorus compounds in bacteria and drosophila. | 140 organophosphorus compounds (op's) have been tested for mutagenic activity in bacteria, principally by using two specially constructed sets of tester strains of the bacteria salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. it was found that 20% gave positive mutagenic responses and that this group of chemicals produce base subsitutions rather than frame-shift mutations. in most cases the dna repair genes exra+ and reca+ were required for mutagenic activity. seven compounds were further tested in ... | 1975 | 806014 |
| asymmetrical distribution and artifactual reorientation of lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane bilayer of salmonella typhimurium. | labelling of cell walls or outer membranes from salmonella typhimurium with ferritin-conjugated antibodies directed against the polysaccharide moiety of the lipopolysaccharide gave the following results: 1. cell walls or outer membranes from which the mucopeptide had been removed by lysozyme digestion at 0 degrees c carried the label on the outer face of the membrane. 2. when the murein layer was removed by either lysozyme or trypsin at physiological temperature (25-37 degrees c) subsequent labe ... | 1975 | 807474 |
| systematic difference in the methylation of ribosomal ribonucleic acid from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. | a survey of gram-positive and gram-negative organisms was performed to compare the distributionof n6-methylated adenine. it was found that (i) all the gram-positive strains tested, staphylococcus aureus, sarcina lutea, bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus subtilis, and bacillus megaterium, contain neither n6-monomethyl adenine (m6a) nor n6-dimethyladenine (m26a) in 23s ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rrna). in the case of s. aureus and streptococcus pyogenes, strains which are clinically resistant ... | 1975 | 807565 |
| [a protective antigen in the supernatant of salmonella typhimurium cultures (strain m-206)]. | 1975 | 808355 | |
| mutagenesis of certain activated carcinogens in vitro associated with genetically mediated increases in monooxygenase activity and cytochrome p 1-450. | a bacterial mutagenesis assay and genetic differences in microsomal co-binding cytochromes were combined in vitro to evaluate the metabolic activation of several known carcinogens to frameshift mutagens. with the use of liver fractions from c57bl/6n and dba/2n control mice and mice treated in vivo with 3-methylcholanthrene, beta-naphthoglavone, phenobarbital, or 2,3,7,,-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, the in vitro mutagenicity of 3-methylcholanthrene, 6-aminochrysene, and 2-acetylaminofluorene --bu ... | 1975 | 808546 |
| effect of erythrocytes treated with enterobacterial common antigen on experimental salmonella typhimurium infection of mice. | the immunogenicity of enterobacterial common antigen (ca)-treated horse or mouse erythrocytes was determined in swiss white albino mice by comparing survival rates with control mice, immunized with p. aeruginosa fraction-treated rbc and challenged in parallel with 10 ld50 s. typhimurium. the administration of small amounts of ca on horse, but not mouse, rbc significantly delayed mortality; protection was only marginally less than that evoked with 12-fold larger amounts of ca in the absence of rb ... | 1975 | 809654 |
| survival of salmonella and other indicator microorganisms. | survival times for enteric bacteria and fecal streptococci were investigated using filter-sterilized water from a northern illinois river and temperatures of 0 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, and 20 degrees c. survival of salmonella typhimurium was essentially the same as escherichia coli over normal seasonal temperatures. fecal streptococci generally exhibited classic survival patterns. | 1975 | 810237 |
| destruction of salmonella on poultry meat with lysozyme, edta, x-ray, microwave and chlorine. | lysozyme, ethylenediaminetetracetic acid, chlorine, x-irradiation and microwaves were used in experimental attempts to eliminate salmonella senftenberg 775w or salmonella typhimurium from turkey drumsticks and whole carcasses. turkey drumsticks or whole carcasses were artificially contaminated with s. senftenberg 775w or s. typhimurium in concentrations ranging between 5 x 10(5) to 8 x 10(5) viable cells per ml. of contaminating fluid. after each treatment, samples were cultured, plated, and tes ... | 1975 | 810784 |
| effect of glucocorticosteroids on the phagocytosis and intracellular killing by peritoneal macrophages. | the effect of hydrocortisone on the phagocytosis and intracellular killing by mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro was studied by a method making it possible to measure these processes separately. the results showed that in vivo treatment with 15 mg of hydrocortisone acetate did not significantly decrease the phagocytosis of several bacterial species such as staphylococcus albus, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the killing indexes of ... | 1975 | 811557 |
| comparison of lipopolysaccharides from agmenellum quadruplicatum to escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium by using thin-layer chromatography. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) was isolated from the unicellular blue-green bacterium agmenellum quadruplicatum using the procedure of westphal and jann (1965). it was composed of a lipid a and polysaccharide region suggesting a similarity to other gram-negative lpss. chemical analyses demonstrated the presence of glucose, rhamnose, mannose, and xylose in the polysaccharide region, as well as 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate, glucosamine, and phosphorous in the lipid a. studies on the lipid composition revealed ... | 1975 | 811650 |
| genetic and physiological classification of periplasmic-leaky mutants of salmonella typhimurium. | mutants of salmonella typhimurium that leaked periplasmic proteins were isolated. four classes of mutants were identified by their increased sensitivity to dyes, detergents, or antibiotics. conjugation studies indicated that representatives of two classes mapped in the proa-gale region of the salmonella chromosome and two in the cysi-arge region. according to their bacteriophage sensitivity pattern, all four of the mutant classes appear to retain the smooth lipopolysaccharide characteristic. one ... | 1976 | 812862 |
| on the mode of action of 5-diazouracil on bacterial cell division. | cell division by strains of escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium is inhibited by 5-diazouracil (5-du). division recovers in the presence of the inhibitor after a period which is temperature-dependent. recovery is probably due to breakdown of 5-du and the rate of this breakdown is apparently increased at alkaline ph. growth with 5-du caused only a slight reduction in the rate of murein synthesis and no alteration in the properties or composition of membranes of s. typhimurium. the agent ca ... | 1976 | 813834 |
| purine-nucleoside phosphorylase from salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli. initial velocity kinetics, ligand banding, and reaction mechanism. | purine nucleoside phosphorylase from salmonella typhimurium has been subjected to kinetic analysis i.e. determination of initial velocity patterns and product inhibition studies. the kinetic results suggest that the enzyme works by a sequential reaction mechanism, where the nucleoside, phosphate, and pentose 1-phosphate are all able to bind to the free enzyme, whereas it appears that the purine base binds after addition of the pentose 1-phosphate. the proposed mechanism is confirmed by substrate ... | 1976 | 813997 |
| mutagenicity screening of pesticides in the microbial system. | a survey on the mutation induction capacity was made in the microbial system on 166 pesticides including 57 fungicides, 63 herbicides and 46 insecticides. the screening methods consisted of the rec-assay procedure, a sensitivity test utilizing h17 rec+ and m45 rec- strains of bacillus subtilis, as well as the reversion assays on plates utilizing auxotrophic strains of escherichia coli (wp2) and salmonella typhimurium (ames series). chemicals inducing reversions were detected only among those sho ... | 1976 | 814455 |
| the effect of cooling and warming rates on the survival of a variety of bacteria. | cooling and warming rates affect bacterial survival profoundly with all bacteria tested (azotobacter chroococcum, klebsiella aerogenes, salmonella typhimurium, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptococcus faecalis) behaving similarly. most bacteria were sensitive to salt on freezing and thawing. viabilities of population frozen and thawed in saline were always less (by at least 20%) than comparable ones frozen in water alone. under these conditions, s. faecalis was resistant to the presence of sodium c ... | 1976 | 814981 |
| thionucleoside composition of transfer rnas in bacillus subtilis and salmonella typhimurium. | 1975 | 815160 | |
| effect of methionine on chemotaxis by bacillus subtilis. | bacillus subtilis, like escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium, carries out chemotaxis by modulating the relative frequency of smooth swimming and tumbling. like these enteric bacteria, methionine auxotrophs starved for methionine show an abnormally long-period of smooth swimming after addition of attractant. this "hypersensitive" state requires an hour of starvation for its genesis, which can be hastened by including alanine, a strong attractant, in starvation medium. susceptibility to rep ... | 1976 | 815235 |
| [the effect of an inflammatory reaction on the resistance of mice to infection by listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium]. | following subcutaneous acute inflammatory reactions in mice, the blood clearance of virulent salmonella typhimurium was enhanced and the multiplication of listeria monocytogenes in spleen and liver was decreased. | 1975 | 816520 |