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clustering of subgingival microbial species in adolescents with periodontitis.it has become increasingly recognized that groups of microorganisms interact within the subgingival plaque of adult subjects with periodontitis. it is much less clear, however, whether the consortia of microorganisms associated with periodontitis are different in early and more advanced cases of periodontitis. to investigate this point further, subgingival plaque was collected from six sites in 87 adolescents with periodontitis and 73 controls and the samples were analyzed for the detection of 1 ...201121410554
multispecies communities: interspecies interactions influence growth on saliva as sole nutritional source.human oral bacteria live in multispecies communities in the biofilm called dental plaque. this review focuses on the interactions of seven species and the ability of each species individually and together with other species to grow on saliva as the sole source of nutrient. community formation in biofilms in flow cells is monitored using species-specific fluorophore-conjugated immunoglobulin g, and images are captured by confocal microscopy. early colonizing veillonellae emerge from this review o ...201121485308
microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development in the absence of oral hygiene in periodontal health and disease.uzel ng, teles fr, teles rp, song xq, torresyap g, socransky ss, haffajee ad. microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development in the absence of oral hygiene in periodontal health and disease. j clin peridontol 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01730.x. abstract: aim: to monitor microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development. materials and methods: supra- and subgingival plaque samples were taken separately from 28 teeth in 38 healthy and 17 periodontitis subjects at baseline and i ...201121488936
differential response of streptococcus mutans towards friend and foe in mixed species cultures.in the oral biofilm, the mitis streptococci are among the first group of organisms to colonize the tooth surface. their proliferation is thought to be an important factor required for antagonizing the growth of cariogenic species such as streptococcus mutans. in this study, we used a 3-species mixed culture to demonstrate that another ubiquitous early colonizing species, veillonella parvula, could greatly impact the competitive outcome of a pair of antagonists like s. mutans and s. gordonii. tra ...201121565931
the role of bacteria in oral cancer.despite the widening interest in the possible association between bacteria and different stages of cancer development, our knowledge in its relation to oral cancers remains inadequate. the aim of this review article is to derive a better understanding on the role of various micro-organisms in the etiogenesis of oral cancers through all the available data on the pubmed. different bacteria have been proposed to induce carcinogenesis either through induction of chronic inflammation or by interferen ...201021584217
detection of nine microorganisms from the initial carious root lesions using a taqman-based real-time pcr.oral diseases (2011) objective:  the purpose of this study was to quantify nine selected cariogenic bacteria in plaque from sound root surfaces and initial carious root lesions using taqman pcr and to analyse a putative dependence on the kind of initial periodontal treatment. material and methods:  fifty-four subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis were randomly allocated to one of the following initial periodontal therapies: full-mouth disinfection, full-mouth scaling and root planing o ...201121605286
veillonella spondylodiscitis in a healthy 76-year-old lady.purpose: to report a case of veillonella spondylodiscitis in a healthy 76-year-old lady. methods: a previously healthy 76-year-old lady presented with worsening axial back pain at the thoracolumbar junction, fever and loss of weight. examination revealed deep tenderness over the thoracolumbar junction with painful and restricted spinal movements. the lower limb motor power, sensation and reflexes were normal. results: radiographs of the lumbosacral spine showed evidence of spinal instability wit ...201121674211
genetic transformation of veillonella parvula.veillonellae are one of the most prevalent and predominant microorganisms in both the supra- and subgingival plaques of the human oral cavity. veillonellae's mutualistic relationships with the early, middle, and late colonizers of the oral cavity make them an important component of oral biofilm ecology. unlike other ubiquitous early colonizers in the oral cavity, surprisingly little is known about veillonella biology due to our lack of ability to genetically transform this group of bacteria. the ...201121707732
phenotypic identification of over 1000 isolates of anaerobic bacteria recovered between 1999 and 2008 in a major costa rican hospital.because of limitations in infrastructure, the aetiology of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria is seldom determined in clinical laboratories of developing countries. this study reports on the identification of 1010 anaerobic bacterial isolates collected between 1999 and 2008 in a major costa rican hospital with the use of two commercial phenotypic systems (rapid 32a and api 20a). approximately 60% of the isolates were gram-positive and, among the 35 species of gram-positive bacteria found, t ...201121722256
pyrosequencing-based molecular monitoring of the intestinal bacterial colonization in preterm infants.objectives:: to investigate the previously unexplored diversity of neonatal intestinal microbiota and monitor early intestinal colonization patterns in korean preterm infants using high-throughput pyrosequencing technology combined with 16s rdna- based molecular methods methods:: a total of 46,369 partial 16s rdna sequences obtained from 30 fecal samples serially taken from 10 very low birth weight preterm infants were analyzed. results:: a significant proportion of the molecular species (21.9%) ...201121734604
target region selection is a critical determinant of community fingerprints generated by 16s pyrosequencing.pyrosequencing of 16s rrna genes allows for in-depth characterization of complex microbial communities. although it is known that primer selection can influence the profile of a community generated by sequencing, the extent and severity of this bias on deep-sequencing methodologies is not well elucidated. we tested the hypothesis that the hypervariable region targeted for sequencing and primer degeneracy play important roles in influencing the composition of 16s pyrotag communities. subgingival ...201121738596
anaerobic bacteria colonizing the lower airways in lung cancer patients.anaerobes comprise most of the endogenous oropharyngeal microflora, and can cause infections of airways in lung cancer patients who are at high risk for respiratory tract infections. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency and species diversity of anaerobes in specimens from the lower airways of lung cancer patients. sensitivity of the isolates to conventional antimicrobial agents used in anaerobe therapy was assessed. respiratory secretions obtained by bronchoscopy from 30 lung can ...201121744326
enteral tube feeding alters the oral indigenous microbiota in elderly adults.enteral tube feeding is widely used to maintain nutrition for elderly adults with eating difficulties, but its long-term use alters the environment of the oral ecosystem. this study characterized the tongue microbiota of tube-fed elderly adults by analyzing the 16s rrna gene. the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) profiles of 44 tube-fed subjects were compared with those of 54 subjects fed orally (average age 86.4 -¦ 6.9 years). barcoded pyrosequencing data were also obta ...201121821752
microbial manufacture of chalcogenide-based nanoparticles via the reduction of selenite using veillonella atypica: an in situ exafs study.the ability of metal-reducing bacteria to produce nanoparticles, and their precursors, can be harnessed for the biological manufacture of fluorescent, semiconducting nanomaterials. the anaerobic bacterium veillonella atypica can reduce selenium oxyanions to form nanospheres of elemental selenium. these selenium nanospheres are then further reduced by the bacterium to form reactive selenide which could be precipitated with a suitable metal cation to produce nanoscale chalcogenide precipitates, su ...200821825617
oral microbiome profiles: 16s rrna pyrosequencing and microarray assay comparison.the human oral microbiome is potentially related to diverse health conditions and high-throughput technology provides the possibility of surveying microbial community structure at high resolution. we compared two oral microbiome survey methods: broad-based microbiome identification by 16s rrna gene sequencing and targeted characterization of microbes by custom dna microarray.201121829515
the distribution and frequency of oral veillonella spp. in the tongue biofilm of healthy young adults.five species of oral veillonella, v. atypica, v. denticariosi, v. dispar, v. parvula, and v. rogosae, have been suggested to be early colonizers of dental biofilm and causes of opportunistic infections and oral malodor. however, the pathogenicity and the distribution of oral veillonella spp. have not been clarified. previously, oral veillonella spp. were identified by using 16s rdna sequence analysis. in addition, recently, veillonella isolates from human tongue biofilm were identified by rpob g ...201121850474
Comparative analysis of salivary bacterial microbiome diversity in edentulous infants and their mothers or primary care givers using pyrosequencing.Bacterial contribution to oral disease has been studied in young children, but there is a lack of data addressing the developmental perspective in edentulous infants. Our primary objectives were to use pyrosequencing to phylogenetically characterize the salivary bacterial microbiome of edentulous infants and to make comparisons against their mothers. Saliva samples were collected from 5 edentulous infants (mean age?=?4.6±1.2 mo old) and their mothers or primary care givers (mean age?=?30.8±9.5 y ...201121853142
polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of bacterial community structure in the food, intestines, and feces of earthworms.the bacterial communities in the food, intestines, and feces of earthworms were investigated by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). in this study, pcr-dgge was optimized by testing 6 universal primer sets for microbial 16s rrna in 6 pure culture strains of intestinal microbes in earthworms. one primer set effectively amplified 16s rrna from bacterial populations that were found in the food, intestines, and feces of earthworms. compared with the reference markers from the pure cul ...201121887635
Microbial community analysis and identification of alternative host-specific fecal indicators in fecal and river water samples using pyrosequencing.It is important to know the comprehensive microbial communities of fecal pollution sources and receiving water bodies for microbial source tracking. Pyrosequencing targeting the V1-V3 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene was used to investigate the characteristics of bacterial and Bacteroidales communities in major fecal sources and river waters. Diversity analysis indicated that cow feces had the highest diversities in the bacterial and Bacteroidales group followed by the pig sample, with ...201121887641
Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease.Teles FR, Teles RP, Uzel NG, Song XQ, Torresyap G, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease. J Periodont Res 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01409.x. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: The development of dental biofilms after professional plaque removal is very rapid. However, it is not clear whether most bacterial species return at similar rates in periodontally healthy and periodontitis subj ...201121895662
Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of the predominant fecal microbiota compositions of a group of pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis and their healthy siblings.Although only poorly documented, it can be assumed that intensive antibiotic treatments of chronic lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) also affect the diversity and metabolic functioning of the gastrointestinal microbiota and potentially lead to a state of dysbiosis. A better knowledge of the differences in gut microbiota composition and stability between patients with CF and healthy subjects could lead to optimization of current antibiotic therapies and/or development of add-o ...201121926193
pyrosequencing-based analysis of the mucosal microbiota in healthy individuals reveals ubiquitous bacterial groups and micro-heterogeneity.this study used 16s rrna-based pyrosequencing to examine the microbial community that is closely associated with the colonic mucosa of five healthy individuals. spatial heterogeneity in microbiota was measured at right colon, left colon and rectum, and between biopsy duplicates spaced 1 cm apart. the data demonstrate that mucosal-associated microbiota is comprised of firmicutes (50.9% ± 21.3%), bacteroidetes (40.2% ± 23.8%) and proteobacteria (8.6%± 4.7%), and that interindividual differences we ...201121966408
bacterial leakage along the implant-abutment interface: culture and dna checkerboard hybridization analyses.objective: bacterial species have been found harboring the internal surface of dental implants as consequence of their failed connections. the aim of the present study was to compare the detection frequency of bacterial leakage from human saliva through the implant-abutment interface, under non-loading conditions, using either dna checkerboard or culture method. materials and methods: thirty dental implants with hexagonal platforms were connected to pre-machined abutments according to the manufa ...201122092990
the subgingival microbiota of papillon-lefèvre syndrome.background: there is little information about the microbiological profiles of periodontal lesions in papillon-lefèvre syndrome (pls) and the significance of bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontitis in these patients. this comprehensive analysis of the subgingival microbiota in pls patients used 16s rrna clonal analysis and the 16s rrna-based human oral microbe identification microarray (homim). methods: thirteen pls patients, from 7 unrelated families, volunteered for this microbiological s ...201122141356
Preliminary characterization of the oral microbiota of Chinese adults with and without gingivitis.ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Microbial communities inhabiting human mouth are associated with oral health and disease. Previous studies have indicated the general prevalence of adult gingivitis in China to be high. The aim of this study was to characterize in depth the oral microbiota of Chinese adults with or without gingivitis, by defining the microbial phylogenetic diversity and community-structure using highly paralleled pyrosequencing. METHODS: Six non-smoking Chinese, three with and three withou ...201122152152
evidence of a robust resident bacteriophage population revealed through analysis of the human salivary virome.viruses are the most abundant known infectious agents on the planet and are significant drivers of diversity in a variety of ecosystems. although there have been numerous studies of viral communities, few have focused on viruses within the indigenous human microbiota. we analyzed 2 267 695 virome reads from viral particles and compared them with 263 516 bacterial 16s rrna gene sequences from the saliva of five healthy human subjects over a 2- to 3-month period, in order to improve our understand ...201122158393
profiling of dental plaque microflora on root caries lesions and the protein-denaturing activity of these bacteria.to profile plaque microflora on root-caries lesions, and to examine the protein-denaturing activity as a pilot study.201122165457
Changes in Human Fecal Microbiota Due to Chemotherapy Analyzed by TaqMan-PCR, 454 Sequencing and PCR-DGGE Fingerprinting.We investigated whether chemotherapy with the presence or absence of antibiotics against different kinds of cancer changed the gastrointestinal microbiota.201122194876
molecular detection of in-vivo microbial contamination of metallic orthodontic brackets by checkerboard dna-dna hybridization.knowing the microbiota that colonizes orthodontic appliances is important for planning strategies and implementing specific preventive measures during treatment. the purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate in vivo the contamination of metallic orthodontic brackets with 40 dna probes for different bacterial species by using the checkerboard dna-dna hybridization (cddh) technique.201222196182
microbial profile of patients with periodontitis compared with healthy subjects.objective: to define and compare the microbiologic profile of subgingival plaque in german patients with periodontitis (including aggressive and advanced chronic periodontitis) and healthy subjects and to determine significant association between isolates and clinical status. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, and tannerella forsythia are major periodontal pathogens, though it is recognized that other species may also contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal di ...201222257880
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