Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| stable susceptibility of candida blood isolates to fluconazole despite increasing use during the past 10 years. | the prevalence of drug-resistant bacterial pathogens is very high in taiwan. accordingly, there was great concern that the introduction of fluconazole would result in rapid emergence of drug-resistant yeasts. thus, we recommended in 1991 that fluconazole be used for treatment only. to explore the impact of this policy fluconazole susceptibility of candida species blood culture isolates and outcome of patients with nosocomial candidaemia were monitored prospectively at national taiwan university ... | 2003 | 12775680 |
| direct isolation of candida spp. from blood cultures on the chromogenic medium chromagar candida. | chromagar candida is a selective and differential chromogenic medium that has been shown to be useful for identification of candida albicans, candida krusei, candida tropicalis, and perhaps candida glabrata. colony morphology and color have been well defined when chromagar candida has been used to isolate yeast directly from clinical specimens, including stool, urine, respiratory, vaginal, oropharyngeal, and esophageal sources. direct isolation of yeast on chromagar candida from blood cultures h ... | 2003 | 12791890 |
| treatment of candida glabrata using topical amphotericin b and flucytosine. | 2003 | 12794227 | |
| influences of methodological variables on susceptibility testing of caspofungin against candida species and aspergillus fumigatus. | the influences of test variables on the outcome of susceptibility testing with caspofungin were tested with isolates of candida spp. and aspergillus fumigatus. among six growth conditions tested with a range of inoculum sizes, the highest control growth yields were obtained in sabouraud broth for all fungi, followed by rpmi 1640 (ph 7) for candida spp. and antibiotic medium 3 (am3) for a. fumigatus. rpmi 1640 gave unacceptably low growth yields with a. fumigatus. the caspofungin mics under these ... | 2003 | 12821453 |
| preclinical assessment of the efficacy of mycograb, a human recombinant antibody against fungal hsp90. | mycograb (neutec pharma plc) is a human genetically recombinant antibody against fungal heat shock protein 90 (hsp90). antibody to hsp90 is closely associated with recovery in patients with invasive candidiasis who are receiving amphotericin b (amb). using in vitro assays developed for efficacy assessment of chemotherapeutic antifungal drugs, mycograb showed activity against a wide range of yeast species (mics against candida albicans [fluconazole [flc]-sensitive and flc-resistant strains], cand ... | 2003 | 12821470 |
| colony variation in candida glabrata isolates from patients with vaginitis. | the ability of candida glabrata to switch between different colony phenotypes on a sabouraud's-chloramphenicol agar supplemented with phloxine b was assessed in 14 c. glabrata isolates. three phenotypes (pale pink smooth, dark pink smooth and fuchsia petite) were observed in vitro and two of them (pale pink smooth and dark pink smooth) in fresh clinical isolates plated directly from vaginal specimens from patients with c. glabrata vaginitis and patients colonized with c. glabrata. the pale pink ... | 2002 | 12825995 |
| two new antifungal saponins from the tibetan herbal medicine clematis tangutica. | bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethanol extract of the aerial parts of clematis tangutica led to the isolation of two new antifungal triterpene saponins. their structures were determined to be 3- o-alpha- l-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28- o-alpha- l-rhamnopyranosyl ester ( 1) and 3- o-beta- d-glucopyranosyl-(1--> 4)-alpha- l-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28- o-alpha- l-rhamnopyranosyl ester ( 2) on the basis of spectral data and chemical evidence. inhibitory activities of the two saponins a ... | 2003 | 12865975 |
| genetic relatedness of candida strains isolated from women with vaginal candidiasis in malaysia. | the aims of this study were to compare the genetic relatedness of: (i) sequential and single isolates of candida strains from women with recurrent vaginal candidiasis (rvc); and (ii) candida strains from women who had only one episode of infection within a 1-year period. in total, 87 isolates from 71 patients were cultured, speciated and genotyped by random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. patients were categorized into three groups, namely those with: (i) a history of rvc from ... | 2003 | 12867559 |
| superficial mycotic infections of the foot in a native pediatric population: a pathogenic role for trichosporon cutaneum? | superficial mycotic infections of the feet are usually caused by tricophyton rubrum, predominantly affecting adults and resulting from the use of occlusive footwear. we carried out a mycologic study of superficial foot infections in a rural school in mexico where most people wear a leather, nonocclusive sandal. forty students had clinical signs of 50 fungal infections of the foot: 39 athlete's foot and 11 onychomycosis. thirty-one boys and 9 girls were studied. hyphae were seen in 11 cases of at ... | 2003 | 12869147 |
| fluconazole for antifungal prophylaxis in chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. | fluconazole is compared with other agents for antifungal prophylaxis in patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. fluconazole is an attractive alternative for antifungal prophylaxis because of its activity against many candida species, long half-life, good patient tolerability, and minimal associated toxicity. the results of clinical trials suggest that fluconazole is superior to placebo and oral polyenes in preventing superficial fungal infection in neutropenic patients; however, its effi ... | 1995 | 12879543 |
| global distribution and outcomes for candida species causing invasive candidiasis: results from an international randomized double-blind study of caspofungin versus amphotericin b for the treatment of invasive candidiasis. | in a randomized study, caspofungin was compared with amphotericin b for the treatment of invasive candidiasis in a total of 239 adults from 56 sites in 20 countries. this study provided a unique opportunity to assess the frequency and outcome of invasive candidiasis caused by different candida species worldwide, and the results are presented here. efficacy was primarily assessed at the end of intravenous therapy using a modified intent-to-treat (mitt) analysis. this analysis was performed on 224 ... | 2003 | 12884068 |
| prevention of candida colonization prevents infection in a neonatal unit. | this study represents a 1-year surveillance period using our epidemiology-based principles published and successfully followed since 1979: weekly culture for yeasts of oral and anal swabs, treatment with oral nystatin of all colonized newborns, and good hygiene/handwashing. colonization was demonstrated in 23 out of 791 newborns admitted from october 1998 to september 1999. twenty-two strains of candida were identified: 16 c. albicans, 2 c. parapsilosis, 3 c. glabrata, and 1 c. tropicalis. sympt ... | 2003 | 12890934 |
| chromagar candida medium as a practical tool for the differentiation and presumptive identification of yeast species isolated from salads. | chromagar candida medium was used to study the diversity of yeast biota of salad samples, and to presumptively identify the isolates. this medium was originally developed for the selective isolation and presumptive identification of some clinically important yeast species such as candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida krusei, and candida glabrata on the basis of differences in colour and surface of colonies. ninety three yeast strains representing 33 species from the culture collection an ... | 2003 | 12892934 |
| rapid identification of candida glabrata with a new commercial test, glabrata rtt. | the glabrata rtt test (fumouze diagnostics, levallois perret, france) is based on the ability of candida glabrata to hydrolyze trehalose but not maltose. it requires an inoculum of only four to six colonies, and the results are available within 20 min. we tested glabrata rtt with 330 stock isolates grown in subcultures on four different primary fungal isolation media and obtained a sensitivity of 94 to 98% (depending on the medium used) and a specificity of 97.3 to 98.6%. the false-positive resu ... | 2003 | 12904403 |
| comparison of media for optimal recovery of candida albicans and candida glabrata from blood culture. | candida spp., mainly candida albicans, are frequently responsible for complications in immunocompromised patients. there are limited data comparing recovery efficiency using simple non-selective basal broth media. | 2003 | 12930053 |
| antifungal agents from the roots of cudrania cochinchinensis against candida, cryptococcus, and aspergillus species. | bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of four antifungal agents from the roots of cudrania cochinchinensis. two of these were new compounds, cudraxanthone s [1, 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl)xanthone] and cudraflavanone b (2, 2',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-6-prenylflavanone). the remaining two compounds were known compounds, toxyloxanthone c (3) and wighteone (4). among these compounds, 1, 3, and 4 exhibited antifungal activities against cryptococcus neoformans, asper ... | 2003 | 12932139 |
| an epidemiological survey of vulvovaginal candidiasis in italy. | eight italian hospital or university gynecology clinics participated in a prospective survey of patients with culture-confirmed symptomatic vulvovaginal candidiasis (vvc) (october 1999 to march 2001). of 1138 patients recruited in the study, 931 were evaluable. a recent history of vvc was documented in 43.5% patients (358/823) with a mean number of 2.9+/-2.7 episodes per patient (n=302). a total of 77 patients (10.0%) had a history of recurrent vvc (four and more episodes in a 12-month period). ... | 2003 | 12932875 |
| a prospective observational study of candidemia: epidemiology, therapy, and influences on mortality in hospitalized adult and pediatric patients. | we conducted a prospective, multicenter observational study of adults (n=1447) and children (n=144) with candidemia at tertiary care centers in the united states in parallel with a candidemia treatment trial that included nonneutropenic adults. candida albicans was the most common bloodstream isolate recovered from adults and children (45% vs. 49%) and was associated with high mortality (47% among adults vs. 29% among children). three-month survival was better among children than among adults (7 ... | 2003 | 12942393 |
| routine use of a one minute trehalase and maltase test for the identification of candida glabrata in four laboratories. | to evaluate the rapid identification of candida glabrata using a one minute trehalase and maltase test in four clinical laboratories. | 2003 | 12944553 |
| the european confederation of medical mycology (ecmm) survey of candidaemia in italy: antifungal susceptibility patterns of 261 non-albicans candida isolates from blood. | to analyse the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of 261 non-albicans candida bloodstream strains isolated during the european confederation of medical mycology survey of candidaemia performed in lombardia, italy (september 1997-december 1999). | 2003 | 12951345 |
| virulence-related surface glycoproteins in the yeast pathogen candida glabrata are encoded in subtelomeric clusters and subject to rap1- and sir-dependent transcriptional silencing. | candida glabrata is an important opportunistic pathogen causing both mucosal and bloodstream infections. c. glabrata is able to adhere avidly to mammalian cells, an interaction that depends on the epa1p lectin. epa1 is shown here to be a member of a larger family of highly related genes encoded in subtelomeric clusters. subtelomeric clustering of large families of surface glycoprotein-encoding genes is a hallmark of several pathogens, including plasmodium, trypanosoma, and pneumocystis. in these ... | 2003 | 12952896 |
| antimycobacterial and antifungal isosters of salicylamides. | a set of 40 derivatives of 3-hydroxypicolinic acid and 2-sulfanylbenzoic acid, isosteric to salicylanilides was synthesized. the compounds were evaluated for in vitro activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium kansasii and mycobacterium avium, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida krusei, candida glabrata, trichosporon beigelii, aspergillus fumigatus, absidia corymbifera, trichophyton mentagrophytes and microsporum gypseum. structure-activity relationships of antimycobact ... | 2003 | 12953220 |
| fungal load and candidiasis in sjögren's syndrome. | we sought to investigate the prevalence of candida carriage and the relationships between salivary flow rates and oral candida load in patients with sjögren's syndrome (ss). | 2003 | 12973284 |
| [contribution to the knowledge of torulopsis glabrata (anderson 1917) lodder & devries 1938]. | 1952 | 13092533 | |
| [experimental pathogenic action of the yeast, torulopsis glabrata (anderson 1917) lodder & de vries 1938, productive of histopathologic lesions similar to those of histoplasmosis]. | 1952 | 13092534 | |
| [studies on vaginal mycoses. i. torulopsis glabrata in leukorrhea]. | 1956 | 13396792 | |
| apparent increase in frequency of infections involving torulopsis glabrata: procedure for its identification. | 1957 | 13462742 | |
| high-dose liposomal amphotericin b in the therapy of systemic candidiasis in neonates. | high-dose (5-7 mg/kg/day) liposomal amphotericin b was evaluated prospectively during the period 1995-2001 in 41 episodes of systemic candidiasis occurring in 37 neonates (36 of the 37 were premature infants with very low birth weights). median age at the onset of systemic candidiasis was 17 days. candida spp. were isolated from blood in all patients and from urine, skin abscesses and peritoneal fluid in 6, 5 and 1 neonates, respectively. candidiasis was due to candida parapsilosis in 17 cases, ... | 2003 | 13680398 |
| fungemia caused by certain nonpathogenic strains of the family cryptococcaceae. report of two cases due to rhodotorula and torulopsis glabrata. | 1960 | 13763698 | |
| antigenic relationships of torulopsis glabrata and seven species of the genus candida. | 1960 | 13851946 | |
| torulopsis glabrata infection in man. | 1965 | 14270963 | |
| fungal colonization in neutropenic patients: a randomized study comparing itraconazole solution and amphotericin b solution. | we assessed the impact of prophylaxis with the oral itraconazole solution and amphotericin b solution on fungal colonization and infection in a randomized study among patients with hematological malignancies and neutropenia. infecting and colonizing candida strains of patients suffering from candidiasis were genotyped by random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. a total of 106 patients were evaluated in this study: 52 patients in the itraconazole and 54 in the amphotericin b arm. ... | 2003 | 14504812 |
| serum voriconazole levels following administration via percutaneous jejunostomy tube. | 2003 | 14506064 | |
| tuboovarian abscess caused by candida glabrata in a febrile neutropenic patient. | deep-seated candida infections are strongly associated with mortality and morbidity of patients, and need early diagnosis. the frequency of deep-seated fungal infection has recently been growing. we encountered a tuboovarian abscess caused by candida glabrata after chemotherapy with an anticancer drug, methotrexate, in a febrile neutropenic patient. the susceptibilities to fluconazole and amphotericin b were 16 and 0.5 micro g/ml, respectively. although combination therapy of fluconazole and amp ... | 2003 | 14513396 |
| probing cell chemistry with time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry: development and exploitation of instrumentation for studies of frozen-hydrated biological material. | imaging static secondary ion mass spectrometry (sims) offers a powerful method of obtaining molecular information from biological systems with good spatial resolution. however, the technique needs further development to make it suitable for routine analysis of cells. we report here the development of a new freeze-facture device to facilitate the manipulation and analysis of biological cell material, with the cell chemistry preserved intact by rapid freezing. we illustrate performance characteris ... | 2003 | 14515313 |
| epidemiology and susceptibility to antifungal agents of fungi isolated from clinical specimens from patients hospitalized in the department of general and liver surgery of the medical university of warsaw. | the aim of this study was to analyze the type and antibiotic susceptibility of fungi isolated from clinical specimens obtained from patients hospitalized in the department of general, transplantation and liver surgery of the medical university of warsaw between 2000 to 2002. among the 326 clinical samples found to be positive on mycological culture, 356 strains were cultured. the most common isolates were yeastlike fungi of the genus candida 334 (93.8%), while others included 33 other types (6.2 ... | 2003 | 14529921 |
| candidemia in a tertiary care cancer center: in vitro susceptibility and its association with outcome of initial antifungal therapy. | since the 1990s, changing trends have been documented in species distribution and susceptibility to bloodstream infections caused by candida species in cancer patients. however, few data are available regarding the association between in vitro antifungal susceptibility and outcome of candidemia in this patient population. we therefore evaluated the association of in vitro antifungal susceptibility and other risk factors with failure of initial antifungal therapy in cancer patients with candidemi ... | 2003 | 14530780 |
| detection of simulated candidemia by the bactec 9240 system with plus aerobic/f and anaerobic/f blood culture bottles. | we studied the ability of the bactec 9240 automated blood culture system to detect simulated candidemia, including both candida albicans and non-albicans candida species. simulated blood cultures were produced using 50 candida isolates and bactec plus aerobic/f and anaerobic/f blood culture bottles. ten milliliters of blood and a suspension of each isolate containing 1,000 cfu were introduced into each bottle and then incubated at 35 degrees c in the bactec 9240 system. the system detected growt ... | 2003 | 14532209 |
| genetic diversity among clinical isolates of candida glabrata analyzed by randomly amplified polymorphic dna and multilocus enzyme electrophoresis analyses. | the genetic diversity of 47 clinical and reference strains of candida glabrata from several geographical origins and diverse clinical disorders, with different antifungal susceptibilities, as well as their genetic relationships were studied through multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mlee) and randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) techniques. the genetic diversity estimated for 11 mlee loci measured as average heterozygosity (h) was 0.055. a high level of genetic relatedness among isolates wa ... | 2003 | 14532225 |
| rapid identification of yeasts commonly found in positive blood cultures by amplification of the internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2. | a multiplex pcr method using one universal and eight species-specific primers was developed to rapidly identify eight yeast species found in positive blood cultures. the species-specific primers were designed from the internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 of the rrna gene, whereas the universal primer was located at the 26s rrna gene. the eight species were candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida krusei, candida lusitaniae, candida parapsilosis, candida tropical ... | 2003 | 14557922 |
| intramural gastric abscess: case history and review. | 2003 | 14560756 | |
| voriconazole salvage treatment of invasive candidiasis. | data on the salvage treatment of invasive candidiasis with voriconazole in 52 patients intolerant of other antifungal agents or with infection refractory to other antifungal agents were analyzed. patients had received a mean of two previous antifungal agents (range, 1-4 agents), and 83% had received an azole. manifestations of invasive candidiasis included candidemia (37%), disseminated disease (25%), and infection of other sites (38%). the median duration of voriconazole therapy was 60 days (ra ... | 2003 | 14564539 |
| long-term epidemiological survey of candida species: comparison of isolates found in an intensive care unit and in conventional wards. | the aim of this study was to compare the distribution of candida species in patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit (icu) and in conventional wards. a retrospective analysis was performed covering an 18-year period in a 700-bed teaching hospital. various body sites were investigated in all patients admitted during the study and isolates were identified by microscopic and macroscopic morphology, and by commercially available kits. the susceptibility of strains to amphotericin b and flucyt ... | 2003 | 14572482 |
| candidemia and the susceptibility pattern of candida isolates in blood. | candida species has become one of the most common blood isolates as well as one of the leading causes of nosocomial bloodstream infections. the purpose of our study was to determine the prevalence of candida species among our bloodstream infecting organisms and the susceptibility pattern of the candida isolates to antifungal agents. | 2003 | 14578968 |
| fluconazole resistance rate of candida species from different regions and hospital types in taiwan. | from april 15 to june 15, 1999, 581 clinical candida isolates from 19 hospitals in taiwan were collected and susceptibilities to fluconazole of these isolates were determined by a broth microdilution method. a total of 42 (7.2%) isolates were resistant to fluconazole. isolates from medical centers had a higher resistance rate to fluconazole than those from regional hospitals (10.7% vs 4.9%). candida species isolated from different regions had different degrees of susceptibility to fluconazole. a ... | 2003 | 14582563 |
| screening south indian medicinal plants for antifungal activity against cutaneous pathogens. | in this study, twenty-eight south indian medicinal plants were screened for their anti-fungal activity against six species of fungi (trichophyton mentagrophytes, t. rubrum, t. soudanense, candida albicans, torulopsis glabrata, and c. krusei). three plant species extracts, celastrus paniculatus, eriodendron anfractuosum and ficus glomerata showed inhibitory activity. an aqueous extract of galls of terminalia chebula showed inhibitory effects on three dermatophytes (trichophyton spp.) and three ye ... | 2003 | 14595602 |
| influence of antifungal polyenes on the adhesion of candida albicans and candida glabrata to human epithelial cells in vitro. | candidal adherence to mucosal surfaces is considered as the first step in the pathogenesis of oral candidiasis. we examined the effect of antifungal polyenes, amphotericin b, nystatin and natamycin, at sublethal and minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) on the adherence of candida albicans and candida glabrata to hela cervical carcinoma and hsc-3 oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. a total of six oral candida isolates were used throughout the study. two candida strains, c. albicans (44990) an ... | 2003 | 14596870 |
| species identification of medically important fungi by use of real-time lightcycler pcr. | invasive fungal infection has become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. rapid identification of pathogenic fungi to species level is critical for disease treatment. a real-time lightcycler assay aiming at rapid detection and species identification of pathogenic fungi from clinical isolates was developed. template dnas of different species were amplified and detected in real time by employing sybr green fluorescent dye. the target sequences for species-level d ... | 2003 | 14614065 |
| the omega-site sequence of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in saccharomyces cerevisiae can determine distribution between the membrane and the cell wall. | glycosylphosphatidylinositol (gpi)-anchored cell wall proteins play an important role in the structure and function of the cell wall in yeast and other fungi. although the majority of characterized fungal gpi-anchored proteins do in fact localize to the cell wall, some are believed to reside at the plasma membrane and not to traffic significantly to the cell wall. there is evidence suggesting that the amino acids immediately upstream of the site of gpi anchor addition (the omega site) serve as t ... | 2003 | 14617149 |
| rapid and unequivocal differentiation of candida dubliniensis from other candida species using species-specific dna probes: comparison with phenotypic identification methods. | candida dubliniensis is a recently described opportunistic pathogen which shares many phenotypic characteristics with candida albicans but which has been reported to rapidly acquire resistance to azole antifungal drugs. therefore, differentiation of c. dubliniensis from c. albicans becomes important to better understand the clinical significance and epidemiologic role of c. dubliniensis in candidiasis. we compared phenotypic methods for the differentiation of c. dubliniensis from c. albicans (i. ... | 2003 | 14622344 |
| a novel technique to evaluate the adhesion of candida species to gingival epithelial cells. | we developed an in vitro atp assay technique to extract cellular and fungal atp separately, which allowed to evaluate quantitatively the adhesion of the yeasts to monolayers of human gingival epithelial cells. thirteen isolates of candida spp. representing three species (i.e. candida albicans, c. tropicalis and c. glabrata) were used in the present study. when the adherent capacity of the candida species was compared, c. albicans exhibited highest capacity of adherence to gingival epithelial cel ... | 2003 | 14622386 |
| candida glabrata ste12 is required for wild-type levels of virulence and nitrogen starvation induced filamentation. | the highly conserved fungal ste12 transcription factor family of proteins play critical roles in the regulation of many cellular processes including mating, cell wall biosynthesis, filamentation and invasive growth. they are also important mediators of fungal virulence. the candida glabrata ste12 homologue was cloned. the encoded protein has a single dna binding homeodomain but lacks both a c2h2 zinc finger dna binding domain and an apparent dig1/dig2 regulatory motif. candida glabrata ste12 can ... | 2003 | 14622417 |
| oral administration of beta-lactamase preserves colonization resistance of piperacillin-treated mice. | we hypothesized that orally administered, recombinant class a beta-lactamase would inactivate the portion of parenteral piperacillin excreted into the intestinal tract, preserving colonization resistance of mice against nosocomial pathogens. subcutaneous piperacillin or piperacillin plus oral beta-lactamase were administered 24 and 12 h before orogastric inoculation of piperacillin-resistant pathogens. oral administration of beta-lactamase reduced piperacillin-associated alteration of the indige ... | 2003 | 14624388 |
| treatment of vaginitis caused by candida glabrata: use of topical boric acid and flucytosine. | the purpose of this study was to review the treatment outcome and safety of topical therapy with boric acid and flucytosine in women with candida glabrata vaginitis. | 2003 | 14634557 |
| phenotypic switching and mating type switching of candida glabrata at sites of colonization. | candida glabrata switches spontaneously at high frequency among the following four graded phenotypes discriminated on agar containing 1 mm cuso(4): white, light brown, dark brown (db), and very dark brown. c. glabrata also contains three mating type loci with a configuration similar to that of the saccharomyces cerevisiae mating type cassette system, suggesting it may also undergo cassette switching at the expression locus mtl1. to analyze both reversible, high-frequency phenotypic switching and ... | 2003 | 14638801 |
| two cases of systemic candida glabrata infection following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. | presented here are two cases of systemic candida glabrata infection diagnosed in two expectant mothers and their fetuses at 34 and 22 weeks' gestation. the underlying risk factors in case 1 were in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, recurrent yeast vaginitis and two intravenous injections of betamethasone. the risk factors in case 2 were in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer, recurrent yeast vaginitis, antibiotics for treatment of a urinary tract infection due to morganella morganii a ... | 2004 | 14652784 |
| functional characterization of cacbf1, the candida albicans homolog of centromere binding factor 1. | the centromere binding factor 1 (cbf1) is necessary for proper chromosome segregation and transcriptional activation of methionine biosynthesis genes in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and is essential for viability in the related yeasts kluyveromyces lactis and candida glabrata. to study the function of cbf1p in candida albicans, the major human fungal pathogen, we constructed strains in which both alleles of the cacbf1 gene were deleted. the deltacbf1 mutants exhibited a slow growth phenoty ... | 2003 | 14659878 |
| solution structure of alo-3: a new knottin-type antifungal peptide from the insect acrocinus longimanus. | insect peptides are key elements of the innate immunity against bacteria and fungi. these molecules offer remarkable properties: high efficacy, a low probability of resistance, limited toxicity, and immunogenicity. in this context, we are investigating several classes of peptides, and we have been successful in identifying biologically important classes of peptides and small molecules that will provide a stream of drug candidates for treating severe, life-threatening, hospital-acquired infection ... | 2003 | 14661954 |
| rapid identification of commonly encountered candida species directly from blood culture bottles. | we report a rapid-cycle, real-time pcr method for identifying six candida spp. directly from bactec blood culture bottles. target sequences in the noncoding internal transcribed spacer regions of the rrna operon were simultaneously amplified and interrogated with fluorescent probes to identify candida albicans, c. glabrata, c. parapsilosis, c. tropicalis, c. krusei, and c. lusitaniae; these account for 88% of the yeast species isolated from positive blood cultures in our laboratory. any of the f ... | 2003 | 14662958 |
| multilocus sequence typing of candida glabrata reveals geographically enriched clades. | the haploid pathogenic yeast candida glabrata is the second most common candida species isolated from cases of bloodstream infection. the clinical relevance of c. glabrata is enhanced by its reduced susceptibility to fluconazole. despite this, little is known of the epidemiology or population structure of this species. we developed a multilocus sequence typing (mlst) scheme for c. glabrata and used it to fingerprint a geographically diverse collection of 107 clinical isolates and 2 reference str ... | 2003 | 14662965 |
| caspofungin activity against clinical isolates of fluconazole-resistant candida. | a total of 7,837 clinical isolates of candida were tested against fluconazole, and 351 resistant (fluconazole mic >/=64 micro g/ml) isolates were identified (4% of the total tested). all fluconazole-resistant isolates were inhibited by caspofungin at concentrations that can be exceeded by standard doses (mic at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited, 1 micro g/ml; 99% of the mics were </=2 micro g/ml). | 2003 | 14662968 |
| expression of plasma coagulase among pathogenic candida species. | candida coagulase production was assessed by the classical tube test. all candida krusei strains were coagulase negative, but most c. albicans and c. tropicalis strains can produce coagulase. some strains agglutinated the pastorex staph-plus reagent, probably because of antigen similarities to coagulase produced by staphylococcus aureus that may cause mistakes in clinical laboratories. | 2003 | 14662985 |
| spurious automated platelet count. enumeration of yeast forms as platelets by the cell-dyn 4000. | we recently encountered a patient with thrombocytopenia secondary to multiple drug therapy, disseminated prostatic adenocarcinoma, and sepsis who had a sudden decrease in his platelet count as enumerated by the cell-dyn 4000 hematology analyzer (abbott diagnostics, santa clara, ca). a manual platelet count performed thereafter was even lower. the etiology of the spurious platelet count was clarified when numerous yeast forms were observed on routine microscopy of the peripheral blood smear. subs ... | 2003 | 14671977 |
| génolevures: comparative genomics and molecular evolution of hemiascomycetous yeasts. | the génolevures online database (http://cbi.labri.fr/genolevures/) provides data and tools to facilitate comparative genomic studies on hemiascomycetous yeasts. now, four complete genome sequences recently determined (candida glabrata, kluyveromyces lactis, debaryomyces hansenii, yarrowia lipolytica) have been added to the partial sequences of 13 species previously analysed by a random approach. the database also includes the reference genome saccharomyces cerevisiae. data are presented with a f ... | 2004 | 14681422 |
| esophageal perforation secondary to angio-invasive candida glabrata following hemopoietic stem cell transplantation. | esophageal perforation due to candida glabrata is a rare entity. this organism is uncommonly recognized to be angio-invasive and cause gastrointestinal tract perforation. herein, we describe a case of invasive c. glabrata infection leading to esophageal perforation in a patient undergoing hemopoietic stem cell transplantation. | 2003 | 14686986 |
| national surveillance of species distribution in blood isolates of candida species in japan and their susceptibility to six antifungal agents including voriconazole and micafungin. | the aim of this study was to evaluate species distribution and antifungal susceptibility of candida blood isolates in japan. | 2004 | 14688039 |
| candida glabrata is an emerging cause of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients receiving radiation for head and neck cancer. | oropharyngeal candidiasis (opc) is relatively common in patients receiving radiation for head and neck cancer occurring in approximately 25% of patients. candida albicans has been described as the primary infecting organism. recently, other organisms, particularly candida glabrata, have emerged as causative agents of opc among immunocompromised patients. this study describes the characteristics of 6 patients with head and neck cancer treated with radiotherapy at our institution, who were found t ... | 2004 | 14716255 |
| early diagnosis of candidiasis in non-neutropenic critically ill patients. | to determine a method for the early diagnosis of candidiasis in non-neutropenic critically ill patients in order to reduce mortality. | 2004 | 14720495 |
| epidemiology of candidemia in swiss tertiary care hospitals: secular trends, 1991-2000. | candida species are among the most common bloodstream pathogens in the united states, where the emergence of azole-resistant candida glabrata and candida krusei are major concerns. recent comprehensive longitudinal data from europe are lacking. we conducted a nationwide survey of candidemia during 1991-2000 in 17 university and university-affiliated hospitals representing 79% of all tertiary care hospital beds in switzerland. the number of transplantations and bloodstream infections increased si ... | 2004 | 14727199 |
| evolution of the mat locus and its ho endonuclease in yeast species. | the genetics of the mating-type (mat) locus have been studied extensively in saccharomyces cerevisiae, but relatively little is known about how this complex system evolved. we compared the organization of mat and mating-type-like (mtl) loci in nine species spanning the hemiascomycete phylogenetic tree. we inferred that the system evolved in a two-step process in which silent hmr/hml cassettes appeared, followed by acquisition of the ho endonuclease from a mobile genetic element. ho-mediated swit ... | 2004 | 14745027 |
| intravenous itraconazole for prophylaxis of systemic fungal infections in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing induction chemotherapy. | systemic fungal infections remain the leading cause of mortality in patients with newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia (aml) and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (mds). the objective of the current study was to determine whether intravenous itraconazole (i.v. itra) reduced the incidence of probable/proven fungal infections in this group of patients, and compare the results with those of a historic control group treated with fluconazole plus itraconazole capsules (f+i). | 2004 | 14745874 |
| distribution and antifungal susceptibility of candida species causing candidemia from 1996 to 1999. | susceptibilities to amphotericin b and fluconazole of 383 candida species isolated from blood were determined. candida albicans was the most common species (55.6%), followed by candida parapsilosis (17.5%), candida tropicalis (16.5%), candida glabrata (5.2%), candida guilliermondii (2.3%), and others (2.9%). all but three isolates, candida ciferrii, c. tropicalis, and c. glabrata, one each, were susceptible to amphotericin b. a total of 367 (95.8%) and 15 (4.2%) isolates were susceptible and sus ... | 2004 | 14761719 |
| viral preprotoxin signal sequence allows efficient secretion of green fluorescent protein by candida glabrata, pichia pastoris, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and schizosaccharomyces pombe. | besides its importance as model organism in eukaryotic cell biology, yeast species have also developed into an attractive host for the expression, processing, and secretion of recombinant proteins. here we investigated foreign protein secretion in four distantly related yeasts (candida glabrata, pichia pastoris, saccharomyces cerevisiae, and schizosaccharomyces pombe) by using green fluorescent protein (gfp) as a reporter and a viral secretion signal sequence derived from the k28 preprotoxin (pp ... | 2004 | 14766577 |
| comparison of mycosis ic/f and plus aerobic/f media for diagnosis of fungemia by the bactec 9240 system. | fungemia is associated with a high mortality rate. we compared the performance of the mycosis ic/f selective fungal medium and the plus aerobic/f standard bacteriological medium for the diagnosis of fungemia on the bactec 9240 automatic system. we retrospectively analyzed 550 blood culture pairs composed of one mycosis ic/f vial and one plus aerobic/f vial, drawn in 187 patients with fungemia. the positivity rate by vial was significantly higher on mycosis ic/f medium than on plus aerobic/f medi ... | 2004 | 14766852 |
| resolution of discrepant results for candida species identification by using dna probes. | candida species bloodstream isolates were collected from institutions participating in an active, population-based surveillance for candidemia. species identifications were performed locally and then confirmed at the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) by phenotype-based methods. discrepancies in species identification between the referring institution and the cdc were noted for 43 of 935 isolates (4.6%). a dna probe-based species identification system (pcr-enzyme immunoassay [eia]) ... | 2004 | 14766873 |
| comparison of two microdilution methods for testing susceptibility of candida spp. to voriconazole. | the growing number of fungal infections, coupled with emerging resistance to classical antifungal agents, has led to the development of new agents, among them voriconazole. susceptibility to voriconazole was tested by using two microdilution techniques: the reference method described in national committee for clinical laboratory standards document m27-a2 and a colorimetric method, sensititre yeastone. a total of 272 candida isolates (132 of candida albicans, 62 of c. parapsilosis, 33 of candida ... | 2004 | 14766884 |
| susceptibility of clinical isolates of candida lusitaniae to five systemic antifungal agents. | the aim of the present study was to expand the mic database for candida lusitaniae in order to further determine its antifungal susceptibility pattern. | 2004 | 14963064 |
| [multifocal fungal infections in patients after renal transplantation undergoing immunosuppression]. | the aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of fungi in monofocal and multifocal infections in renal transplant recipients and the characteristics of 60 species and intraspecies features of fungal strains isolated from the organ ontocenoses: oral cavity, rectum and genital organs in 32 patients undergoing permanent immunosuppression after renal transplantation. fungal strains were recovered in 66 out of 96 samples (68.2% off all renal transplant recipients). there were in ontocenoses: or ... | 2003 | 14974373 |
| in vitro activities of 3-(halogenated phenyl)-5-acyloxymethyl- 2,5-dihydrofuran-2-ones against common and emerging yeasts and molds. | three 3-(halogenated phenyl)-5-acyloxymethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran-2-ones were evaluated for activity against 191 strains of common and emerging yeasts and aspergillus species by the broth microdilution test performed according to nccls guidelines. the furanone derivatives displayed broad-spectrum in vitro activity against potentially pathogenic yeasts and molds, especially aspergillus spp. (mic <or= 2.0 microg/ml) and fluconazole-resistant yeast isolates, including candida glabrata and saccharomyces ... | 2004 | 14982778 |
| high-dose fluconazole therapy for cancer patients with solid tumors and candidemia: an observational, noncomparative retrospective study. | response rates for candidemia treated with standard-dose fluconazole (400 mg/day) are approximately 70%. higher doses of fluconazole have been recommended for susceptible dose-dependent candida isolates. herein, we describe the outcome of 20 patients with solid tumors and candidemia treated with high-dose fluconazole (hdf) at the university of texas m.d. anderson cancer center (1998-2002). | 2004 | 14986077 |
| a prospective epidemiological survey of candidaemia in sweden. | a prospective epidemiological survey of candidaemia was performed in central sweden from january 1998 to december 1999. in total, 191 episodes were reported with an overall rate of 0.32/1000 admissions. candida albicans was identified in 128 cases (67%), followed by candida glabrata in 30 (15.7%) and candida parapsilosis in 14 (7.3%). predisposing factors included surgery (31.4%), intensive care (18.8%), solid tumour or haematological malignancy (15.7%), and foetal immaturity (15.7%). non-albica ... | 2004 | 15000560 |
| human beta-defensins 2 and 3 demonstrate strain-selective activity against oral microorganisms. | human beta-defensins 2 and 3 (hbd-2 and hbd-3) are inducible peptides present at sites of infection in the oral cavity. a few studies have reported broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity for both peptides. however, no comprehensive study has thoroughly investigated their potential against oral pathogens. the purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of hbd-2 and hbd-3 against a collection of oral organisms (actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gin ... | 2004 | 15004048 |
| candidemia: the impact of antifungal prophylaxis in a surgical intensive care unit. | candidemia is fourfold more common in 1990 compared to 1980. in addition, a shift to non-albicans species has occurred in some institutions. antifungal prophylaxis (ap) is effective in high-risk patients including critically ill surgical patients, but its use has been attributed to a resultant shift to non-albicans candida species. we hypothesized that the use of fluconazole prophylaxis would lead to a decreased incidence of candidemia but a possible increased incidence of resistant species of c ... | 2003 | 15012861 |
| the role of antifungal susceptibility testing in the therapy of candidiasis. | prior to the introduction of azoles, no real need for antifungal susceptibility testing (afst) existed, as amphotericin b was the only agent available to treat systemic candidiasis. introduction of fluconazole and itraconazole provided alternate, less toxic antifungal therapies. intrinsic resistance of candida krusei, decreased susceptibility of candida glabrata, and development of resistance by candida albicans (in mucosal disease in aids) to azoles led to development of our current afst method ... | 2004 | 15023422 |
| evaluation of the recurrence of denture stomatitis and candida colonization in a small group of patients who received itraconazole. | the aim of the study was to determine the recurrence rate of denture stomatitis and persistence of candida in 22 patients (5 male and 17 female, mean age 71 years) over a 3-year period. | 2004 | 15024360 |
| epidemiology of candidaemia in europe: results of 28-month european confederation of medical mycology (ecmm) hospital-based surveillance study. | in order to update the epidemiological and mycological profile of candidaemia in europe, the european confederation of medical mycology conducted a prospective, sequential, hospital population-based study from september 1997 to december 1999. a total of 2,089 cases were documented by 106 institutions in seven european countries. rates of candidaemia ranging from 0.20 to 0.38 per 1,000 admissions were reported. candida albicans was identified in 56% of cases. non-albicans candida species were mos ... | 2004 | 15029512 |
| a novel small-molecule inhibitor of the chromosome segregation process in yeast. | the centromeres of budding yeasts contain specific and essential dna sequences, in contrast to the regional heterochromatic centromeres found in higher organisms. small molecules that perturb centromere function in budding yeast could be valuable candidates for identifying yeast-specific growth inhibitors. a combination of two in vivo assays, one based on transcription blockade of a reporter gene by the centromeric dna-protein complex, the other on a test for mitotic minichromosome stability, wa ... | 2004 | 15042357 |
| caspofungin for candida endocarditis. | 2004 | 15071306 | |
| inactivation of transcription factor gene ace2 in the fungal pathogen candida glabrata results in hypervirulence. | during an infection, the coordinated orchestration of many factors by the invading organism is required for disease to be initiated and to progress. the elucidation of the processes involved is critical to the development of a clear understanding of host-pathogen interactions. for candida species, the inactivation of many fungal attributes has been shown to result in attenuation. here we demonstrate that the candida glabrata homolog of the saccharomyces cerevisiae transcription factor gene ace2 ... | 2004 | 15075283 |
| tetracycline in combination with sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate show increased antimicrobial activity in resistant microorganisms. | we present evidence that sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate, at non inhibitory concentrations (1000 mg/l), is able to increase the antimicrobial activity of tetracycline in non susceptible bacterial and fungal strains. in culture inhibition tests, pretreatment with sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate caused a 52-fold decrease in the geometric mean mic to tetracycline in 10 candida albicans strains (p<0.01), a 165-fold decrease in the geometric mean mic to tetracycline in 10 e. coli strains (p<0.001) and a si ... | 2004 | 15077997 |
| interactions of candida albicans with other candida spp. and bacteria in the biofilms. | to study the interactions between candida albicans and 12 other species of candida and bacteria in biofilms. | 2004 | 15078523 |
| functional genomic analysis of fluconazole susceptibility in the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata: roles of calcium signaling and mitochondria. | the pathogenic yeast candida glabrata exhibits innate resistance to fluconazole, the most commonly used antifungal agent. by screening a library of 9,216 random insertion mutants, we identified a set of 27 genes which upon mutation, confer altered fluconazole susceptibility in c. glabrata. homologues of three of these genes have been implicated in azole and/or drug resistance in saccharomyces cerevisiae: two of these belong to the family of abc transporters (pdr5 and pdr16), and one is involved ... | 2004 | 15105111 |
| mechanism of increased fluconazole resistance in candida glabrata during prophylaxis. | candida glabrata can become resistant to fluconazole, causing persistent colonization and invasive infection during prolonged exposure to the drug. to determine the mechanism of resistance in this setting, weekly oropharyngeal cultures for c. glabrata were obtained over a 2-year period from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients who were receiving fluconazole prophylaxis. in 20 patients from whom at least two isolates of the same karyotype were obtained more than two weeks apart, fluconaz ... | 2004 | 15105134 |
| mechanisms of azole resistance in petite mutants of candida glabrata. | we previously showed that resistant colonies of candida glabrata inside the azole inhibition zones had respiratory deficiency due to mutations in mitochondrial dna. here, we analyzed the mechanisms of azole resistance in petite mutants of c. glabrata obtained by exposure to fluconazole or induced by ethidium bromide. the respiratory deficiency of these mutants was confirmed by oxygraphy and flow cytometric analysis with rhodamine 123, and its mitochondrial origin was demonstrated by transmission ... | 2004 | 15105136 |
| the predictors of outcome in immunocompetent patients with hematogenous candidiasis. | clinical parameters that predict outcome in non-immunosuppressed candidemic patients are not fully understood. | 2004 | 15109594 |
| fluconazole and itraconazole susceptibility of vaginal yeast isolates from slovakia. | vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common mucosal infection caused by opportunistic yeasts of the candida genus. in this study, we isolated and identified the yeast species in the vagina of patients treated in the gynecology clinic and tested in vitro activities of fluconazole and itraconazole against 227 clinical yeast isolates by the nccls microdilution method. c. albicans (87.6%) was the most frequently identified species followed by c. glabrata (6.2%) and c. krusei (2.2%). almost thirteen percent ... | 2004 | 15119851 |
| intrathecal amikacin for the treatment of pseudomonal meningitis. | to report a case of gram-negative bacillary meningitis (gnbm) secondary to multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa that was treated with intravenous meropenem and intrathecal and intravenous amikacin. | 2004 | 15122005 |
| distribution of candida species among bloodstream isolates. | to identify the distribution of candida species causing bloodstream infections. | 2004 | 15138521 |
| antifungal effects of melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil and its components on candida albicans, candida glabrata and saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of tea tree oil and its components against candida albicans, candida glabrata and saccharomyces cerevisiae. | 2004 | 15140856 |
| candidosis in the intensive care unit: a 20-year survey. | deep-seated candidosis is a major problem in critically ill patients. colonization with candida has been identified as an important independent risk factor for the development of candidaemia. since the 1980s routine surveillance cultures have been performed on patients admitted for six or more days to the 'e. vecla' intensive care unit (icu) of the irccs ospedale maggiore di milano. colonization was observed on admission to the icu in 59 of 117 (50%) patients in 2000 and 10 others developed colo ... | 2004 | 15142710 |