Publications

contribution to the traditional uses of medicinal plants of turgutlu (manisa--turkey).	the aim of this study is to document and describe important ethnobotanical features of 14 villages of turgutlu (manisa - turkey).	2015	26494509
copper toxicity in a natural reference soil: ecotoxicological data for the derivation of preliminary soil screening values.	the risk assessment of contaminated soils is conventionally done with the support of soil screening values (ssvs). since ssvs are still unavailable for many european countries, including portugal, standardized toxicity tests are urgently claimed for their derivation. hence, this work aimed the generation of toxicity values for copper (cu) in a natural reference soil (ptrs1) targeting different terrestrial species, endpoints and soil functions, as to derive a preliminary cu ssv. for this, the ass ...	2016	26520436
influence of diesel contamination in soil on growth and dry matter partitioning of lactuca sativa and ipomoea batatas.	phytotoxic effect of diesel contaminated soil was investigated on growth and dry matter partitioning in lactuca sativa and ipomoea batatas in greenhouse pot experiment at two concentration range (0-30 ml and 0-6 ml diesel kg(-1) soil) for 14 weeks. the results indicated thatwhole plant biomass, stem length, root length, number of leaves and leaf chlorophyll in two plants were negatively correlated with increasing diesel concentrations. the critical concentration of diesel associated with 10% dec ...	2015	26521567
diversity and evolutionary history of lettuce necrotic yellows virus in australia and new zealand.	lettuce necrotic yellows virus (lnyv) is the type member of the genus cytorhabdovirus, family rhabdoviridae, and causes a severe disease of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). this virus has been described as endemic to australia and new zealand, with sporadic reports of a similar virus in europe. genetic variability studies of plant-infecting rhabdoviruses are scarce. we have extended a previous study on the variability of the lnyv nucleocapsid gene, comparing sequences from isolates sampled from both ...	2016	26526146
an apple plus a brazil nut a day keeps the doctors away: antioxidant capacity of foods and their health benefits.	antioxidant-rich foods scavenge free radicals and other reactive species, decreasing the risk of different non-communicable chronic diseases. the objective of this study was to review the content of total antioxidant capacity of commonly foods comparing with experimental data and to explore the health benefits due to foods with moderate to high tac. the tac was analytically measured using the "total antioxidant capacity" (nx2332) test from randox® (uk) by spectrometry at 600 nm. brazil nut (bert ...	2016	26572874
genetic variation for thermotolerance in lettuce seed germination is associated with temperature-sensitive regulation of ethylene response factor1 (erf1).	seeds of most lettuce (lactuca sativa) cultivars are susceptible to thermoinhibition, or failure to germinate at temperatures above approximately 28°c, creating problems for crop establishment in the field. identifying genes controlling thermoinhibition would enable the development of cultivars lacking this trait and, therefore, being less sensitive to high temperatures during planting. seeds of a primitive accession (pi251246) of lettuce exhibited high-temperature germination capacity up to 33° ...	2016	26574598
prevalence of entomophthoralean fungi (entomophthoromycota) of aphids in relation to developmental stages.	transmission of fungal pathogens of aphids may be affected by the host developmental stage. brassica and lactuca sativa l. crops were sampled in santa fe, argentina, to determine the prevalence of fungal-diseased aphids and investigate the differences between developmental stages of aphids.	2016	26577724
paecilomyces niveus stolk & samson, 1971 (ascomycota: thermoascaceae) as a pathogen of nasonovia ribisnigri (mosley, 1841) (hemiptera, aphididae) in brazil.	nasonovia ribisnigri is a key pest of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) in brazil that requires alternative control methods to synthetic pesticides. we report, for the first time, the occurrence of paecilomyces niveus as an entomopathogen of the aphid nasonovia ribisnigri in pinhais, paraná, brazil. samples of mummified aphids were collected from lettuce crops. the fungus p. niveus (paepr) was isolated from the insect bodies and identified by macro and micromorphology. the species was confirmed by seq ...	2015	26602345
transient protein expression by agroinfiltration in lettuce.	current systems of recombinant protein production include bacterial, insect, and mammalian cell culture. however, these platforms are expensive to build and operate at commercial scales and/or have limited abilities to produce complex proteins. in recent years, plant-based expression systems have become top candidates for the production of recombinant proteins as they are highly scalable, robust, safe, and can produce complex proteins due to having a eukaryotic endomembrane system. newly develop ...	2016	26614281
effect of spl (spent pot liner) and its main components on root growth, mitotic activity and phosphorylation of histone h3 in lactuca sativa l.	spent pot liner (spl) is a solid waste from the aluminum industry frequently disposed of in industrial landfills; it can be leached and contaminate the soil, sources of drinking water and plantations, and thus may pose a risk to human health and to ecosystems. its composition is high variable, including cyanide, fluoride and aluminum salts, which are highly toxic and environmental pollutants. this study evaluated the effect of spl and its main components on root growth and the mitosis of lactuca ...	2016	26615478
elucidating the genetic basis of antioxidant status in lettuce (lactuca sativa).	a diet rich in phytonutrients from fruit and vegetables has been acknowledged to afford protection against a range of human diseases, but many of the most popular vegetables are low in phytonutrients. wild relatives of crops may contain allelic variation for genes determining the concentrations of these beneficial phytonutrients, and therefore understanding the genetic basis of this variation is important for breeding efforts to enhance nutritional quality. in this study, lettuce recombinant inb ...	0	26640696
photoprotection vs. photoinhibition of photosystem ii in transplastomic lettuce (lactuca sativa) dominantly accumulating astaxanthin.	transplastomic (chloroplast genome-modified; cgm) lettuce that dominantly accumulates astaxanthin grows similarly to a non-transgenic control with almost no accumulation of naturally occurring photosynthetic carotenoids. in this study, we evaluated the activity and assembly of psii in cgm lettuce. the maximum quantum yield of psii in cgm lettuce was <0.6; however, the quantum yield of psii was comparable with that in control leaves under higher light intensity. cgm lettuce showed a lower ability ...	2016	26644463
estimate of uptake and translocation of emerging organic contaminants from irrigation water concentration in lettuce grown under controlled conditions.	the widespread distribution of emerging organic contaminants (eocs) in the water cycle can lead to their incorporation in irrigated crops, posing a potential risk for human consumption. to gain further insight into the processes controlling the uptake of organic microcontaminants, batavia lettuce (lactuca sativa) grown under controlled conditions was watered with eocs (e.g., non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, sulfonamides, β-blockers, phenolic estrogens, anticonvulsants, stimulants, polycyclic m ...	2016	26651071
cadmium uptake in above-ground parts of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).	because of its high cd uptake and translocation, lettuce is often used in cd contamination studies. however, there is a lack of information on cd accumulation in the above-ground parts of lettuce during the entire growing season. in this study, a field experiment was carried out in a cd-contaminated area. above-ground lettuce parts were sampled, and the cd content was measured using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (aas). the results showed that the cd concentration in the above-groun ...	2016	26685781
investigating a potential auxin-related mode of hormetic/inhibitory action of the phytotoxin parthenin.	parthenin is a metabolite of parthenium hysterophorus and is believed to contribute to the weed's invasiveness via allelopathy. despite the potential of parthenin to suppress competitors, low doses stimulate plant growth. this biphasic action was hypothesized to be auxin-like and, therefore, an auxin-related mode of parthenin action was investigated using two approaches: joint action experiments with lactuca sativa, and dose-response experiments with auxin/antiauxin-resistant arabidopsis thalian ...	2016	26686984
phyotoxicity of diesel soil contamination on the germination of lactuca sativa and ipomoea batatas.	phytotoxic effect of diesel contaminated soil on germination rate of lactuca sativa and ipomoea batatas, at two concentrations ranges (0-6ml and 0-30ml), were investigated and compared. diesel soil contamination was simulated and soil samples were taken from contaminated soil at 1, 5,10, 15, 25, 50, 75 and 100 days should be after planting. the result showed that in both plant species, diesel inhibited germination in a concentration dependent manner, also, the influence of diesel contamination d ...	2015	26688970
supplemental upward lighting from underneath to obtain higher marketable lettuce (lactuca sativa) leaf fresh weight by retarding senescence of outer leaves.	recently, the so-called "plant factory with artificial lighting" (pfal) approach has been developed to provide safe and steady food production. although pfals can produce high-yielding and high-quality plants, the high plant density in these systems accelerates leaf senescence in the bottom (or outer) leaves owing to shading by the upper (or inner) leaves and by neighboring plants. this decreases yield and increases labor costs for trimming. thus, the establishment of cultivation methods to reta ...	2015	26697055
structural and sensory characterization of novel sesquiterpene lactones from iceberg lettuce.	lactuca sativa var. capitate (iceberg lettuce) is a delicious vegetable and popular for its mild taste. nevertheless, iceberg lettuce is a source of bitter substances, such as the sesquiterpene lactones. chemical investigations on the n-butanol extract led to the isolation of three novel sesquiterpene lactones. all compounds were isolated by multilayer countercurrent chromatography followed by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. the structures were verified by means of spectrosco ...	2016	26727458
ecotoxicological assessment of the potential impact on soil porewater, surface and groundwater from the use of organic wastes as soil amendments.	this study aimed to assess the potential impact on soil porewater, surface and groundwater from the beneficial application of organic wastes to soil, using their eluates and acute bioassays with aquatic organisms and plants: luminescence inhibition of vibrio fischeri (15 and 30 min), daphnia magna immobilization (48 h), thamnocephalus platyurus survival (24 h), and seed germination of lolium perenne (7 d) and lactuca sativa (5 d). some organic wastes' eluates promoted high toxic responses, but t ...	2016	26741879
co₂ enrichment can produce high red leaf lettuce yield while increasing most flavonoid glycoside and some caffeic acid derivative concentrations.	carbon dioxide (co2) enrichment is a common practice in greenhouses to increase crop yields up to 30%. yet, reports on the effect on foliar phenolic compounds vary. we studied the effect on two red leaf lettuce cultivars, grown for 25 days in growth chambers at co2 concentrations of 200 or 1,000 ppm, with some plants exchanged between treatments after 11 days. as expected, head mass increased with higher co2 concentration. regression analysis, corrected for head mass, showed increased concentrat ...	2016	26776031
anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of polyphenolic extracts from lactuca sativa (var. maravilla de verano) under different farming methods.	besides their nutritional value, vegetables are a source of health-promoting compounds, such as polyphenols, and their content can be influenced by the particular farming method. in this study polyphenolic extracts from lactuca sativa (var. maravilla de verano) plants cultivated with different farming methods were chemically characterised and tested in vitro and ex vivo inflammation models.	0	26777118
the incidence and distribution of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat vegetables in south-western nigeria.	the study investigated the incidence of listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (rte) vegetables: (cucumber, cucumis sativas; cabbage, brassica olerecea; carrot, daucus carota; tomato, solanum lycopersicum; lettuce, lactuca sativa) in six states in south-western nigeria. a total of 555 composite samples were collected from 30 traditional markets within the states and only 244 l. monocytogenes species were isolated by standard methods. the incidence of l. monocytogenes was low and not statisticall ...	2016	26788311
transcriptome profiling of caco-2 cancer cell line following treatment with extracts from iodine-biofortified lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).	although iodization of salt is the most common method used to obtain iodine-enriched food, iodine deficiency disorders are still a global health problem and profoundly affect the quality of human life. iodine is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which are crucial regulators of human metabolism, cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis and have been reported to be involved in carcinogenesis. in this study, for the first time, we evaluated the effect of iodine-biofortified lettuce on tr ...	2016	26799209
mercury induced haemocyte alterations in the terrestrial snail cantareus apertus as novel biomarker.	the aim of the present work was to study the response of a suite of cellular and biochemical markers in the terrestrial snail cantareus apertus exposed to mercury in view of future use as sensitive tool suitable for mercury polluted soil monitoring and assessment. besides standardized biomarkers (metallothionein, acetylcholinesterase, and lysosomal membrane stability) novel cellular biomarkers on haemolymph cells were analyzed, including changes in the spread cells/round cells ratio and haemocyt ...	2016	26811906
the allelopathic effects of invasive plant solidago canadensis on seed germination and growth of lactuca sativa enhanced by different types of acid deposition.	invasive species can exhibit allelopathic effects on native species. meanwhile, the types of acid deposition are gradually changing. thus, the allelopathic effects of invasive species on seed germination and growth of native species may be altered or even enhanced under conditions with diversified acid deposition. this study aims to assess the allelopathic effects (using leaves extracts) of invasive plant solidago canadensis on seed germination and growth of native species lactuca sativa treated ...	2016	26826094
biosurfactant produced by salmonella enteritidis se86 can increase adherence and resistance to sanitizers on lettuce leaves (lactuca sativa l., cichoraceae).	salmonella enteritidis se86 is an important foodborne pathogen in southern brazil and it is able to produce a biosurfactant. however, the importance of this compound for the microorganism is still unknown. this study aimed to investigate the influence of the biosurfactant produced by s. enteritidis se86 on adherence to slices of lettuce leaves and on resistance to sanitizers. first, lettuce leaves were inoculated with s. enteritidis se86 in order to determine the amount of biosurfactant produced ...	2016	26834727
incidence of lettuce mosaic virus in lettuce and its detection by polyclonal antibodies produced against recombinant coat protein expressed in escherichia coli.	lettuce mosaic virus (lmv), a member of the genus potyvirus of family potyviridae, causes mosaic disease in lettuce has recently been identified in india. the virus is seed borne and secondary infection occurs through aphids. to ensure virus freedom in seeds it is important to develop diagnostic tools, for serological methods the production of polyclonal antibodies is a prerequisite. the coat protein (cp) gene of lmv was amplified, cloned and expressed using pet-28a vector in escherichia coli bl ...	2016	26850143
c15083. chemical composition and allelopathic potential of essential oils from tipuana tipu (benth.) kuntze cultivated in tunisia.	in tunisia, tipuana tipu (benth.) kuntze is an exotic tree, which was introduced many years ago and planted as ornamental street, garden, and park tree. the present work reported, for the first time, the chemical composition and evaluates the allelopathic effect of the hydrodistilled essential oils of the different parts of this tree, viz., roots, stems, leaves, flowers and pods gathered in the area of sousse, a coastal region, in the east of tunisia. in total, 86 compounds representing 89.9-94. ...	0	26864905
roles of mpbq-mt in promoting α/γ-tocopherol production and photosynthesis under high light in lettuce.	2-methyl-6-phytyl-1, 4-benzoquinol methyltransferase (mpbq-mt) is a vital enzyme catalyzing a key methylation step in both α/γ-tocopherol and plastoquinone biosynthetic pathway. in this study, the gene encoding mpbq-mt was isolated from lettuce (lactuca sativa) by rapid amplification of cdna ends (race), named lsmt. overexpression of lsmt in lettuce brought about a significant increase of α- and γ-tocopherol contents with a reduction of phylloquinone (vitamin k1) content, suggesting a competitio ...	2016	26867015
municipal composts reduce the transfer of cd from soil to vegetables.	cadmium (cd) is a non-essential trace element that accumulates in agricultural soils through the application of cd-rich phosphate fertiliser. vegetables can accumulate cd to concentrations that sometimes exceed food safety standards. we investigated the potential of low-cost soil amendments to reduce cd uptake by spinach (spinacia oleracea l.), lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) and onion (allium cepa l.). batch sorption experiments revealed the relative sorption of cd by biosolids, charcoal, lignite, ...	2016	26874314
improving light distribution by zoom lens for electricity savings in a plant factory with light-emitting diodes.	the high energy consumption of a plant factory is the biggest issue in its rapid expansion, especially for lighting electricity, which has been solved to a large extent by light-emitting diodes (led). however, the remarkable potential for further energy savings remains to be further investigated. in this study, an optical system applied just below the led was designed. the effects of the system on the growth and photosynthesis of butterhead lettuce (lactuca sativa var. capitata) were examined, a ...	2016	26904062
chemical composition and allelopathic potential of essential oils from tipuana tipu (benth.) kuntze cultivated in tunisia.	in tunisia, tipuana tipu (benth.) kuntze is an exotic tree, which was introduced many years ago and planted as ornamental street, garden, and park tree. the present work reported, for the first time, the chemical composition and evaluates the allelopathic effect of the hydrodistilled essential oils of the different parts of this tree, viz., roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and pods gathered in the area of sousse, a coastal region, in the east of tunisia. in total, 86 compounds representing 89.9 - ...	0	26916976
plant tolerance to mercury in a contaminated soil is enhanced by the combined effects of humic matter addition and inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.	in a greenhouse pot experiment, lettuce plants (lactuca sativa l.) were grown in a hg-contaminated sandy soil with and without inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) (a commercial inoculum containing infective propagules of rhizophagus irregularis and funneliformis mosseae) amended with different rates of a humic acid (0, 1, and 2 g kg(-1) of soil), with the objective of verifying the synergistic effects of the two soil treatments on the hg tolerance of lettuce plants. our results i ...	2016	26931658
impact of mulches and growing season on indicator bacteria survival during lettuce cultivation.	in fresh produce production, the use of mulches as ground cover to retain moisture and control weeds is a common agricultural practice, but the influence that various mulches have on enteric pathogen survival and dispersal is unknown. the goal of this study was to assess the impact of different mulching methods on the survival of soil and epiphytic fecal indicator bacteria on organically grown lettuce during different growing seasons. organically managed lettuce, cultivated with various ground c ...	2016	26938806
effects of co-cropping bidens pilosa (l.) and tagetes minuta (l.) on bioaccumulation of pb in lactuca sativa (l.) growing in polluted agricultural soils.	polluted agricultural soils are a serious problem for food safety, with phytoremediation being the most favorable alternative from the environmental perspective. however, this methodology is generally time-consuming and requires the cessation of agriculture. therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate two potential phytoextractor plants (the native species bidens pilosa and tagetes minuta) co-cropped with lettuce growing on agricultural lead-polluted soils. the concentrations of pb, as ...	2016	26940382
volatile emission in dry seeds as a way to probe chemical reactions during initial asymptomatic deterioration.	the nature and kinetics of reactions in dry seeds determines how long the seeds survive. we used gas chromatography to assay volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted from seeds of three unrelated species as a means to non-invasively probe chemical changes during very dry, dry, and humid storage (seeds were dried to 5.5, 33, and 75% relative humidity at room temperature). vocs emitted from seeds stored in humid conditions reflected fermentation-type reactions, with methanol and ethanol being pre ...	2016	26956506
parasitic contamination of fresh vegetables sold at central markets in khartoum state, sudan.	fresh vegetables are considered as vital nutrients of a healthy diet as they supply the body with essential supplements. the consumption of raw vegetables is the main way for transmission of intestinal parasitic organisms. this study was aimed at detecting the parasitic contamination in fresh vegetables sold in two central open-aired markets in khartoum state, sudan.	2016	26968696
bioaccumulation of microcystins in lettuce.	the contamination of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) by water-borne crude extracts of the cyanobacterium microcystin-producing microcystis aeruginosa (kützing) kützing was investigated. the aim of the study was to determine whether bioaccumulation of microcystins occurs in lettuce foliar tissue when sprayed with solutions containing microcystins at concentrations observed in aquatic systems (0.62 to 12.5 μg · l(-1) ). microcystins were found in lettuce foliar tissues (8.31 to 177.8 μg per kg of fres ...	2012	27010003
leaf morphology, photosynthetic performance, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal development of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) exposed to different ratios of red light to blue light.	red and blue light are both vital factors for plant growth and development. we examined how different ratios of red light to blue light (r/b) provided by light-emitting diodes affected photosynthetic performance by investigating parameters related to photosynthesis, including leaf morphology, photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal development, light response curve, and nitrogen content. in this study, lettuce plants (lactuca sativa l.) were exposed to 200 μmol⋅m(-2)⋅s(-1) irradi ...	2016	27014285
abscisic acid and ethephon regulation of cellulase in the endosperm cap and radicle during lettuce seed germination.	the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cellulase in endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation during lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) seed germination. the application of abscisic acid (aba) or ethephon inhibits or promotes germination, respectively, by affecting endosperm cap weakening and radicle elongation. cellulase activities, and related protein and transcript abundances of two lettuce cellulase genes, lscel1 and lscel2, increase in the endosperm cap and radicle prior to ...	2016	27017965
standardization of unani antidiabetic tablet - qurse tabasheer.	quality control of unani polyherbal formulations is the need of the day for better acceptance of unani medicine. qurse tabasheer (qt) is a unani polyherbal formulation containing six ingredients, tabasheer (siliceous concretions) (bambosa arundinaceae retz.), gule surkh (rosa damascena mill. flower), gulnar (punica granatum linn. flower), tukhme kahu (lactuca sativa linn. seed), tukhme khurfa (portulaca oleraceae linn. seed), and gile armani (bole) widely used in treatment of diabetes. the prese ...	2017	27034607
delay of germination1 (dog1) regulates both seed dormancy and flowering time through microrna pathways.	seed germination and flowering, two critical developmental transitions in plant life cycles, are coordinately regulated by genetic and environmental factors to match plant establishment and reproduction to seasonal cues. the delay of germination1 (dog1) gene is involved in regulating seed dormancy in response to temperature and has also been associated genetically with pleiotropic flowering phenotypes across diverse arabidopsis thaliana accessions and locations. here we show that dog1 can regula ...	2016	27035986
root zone cooling and exogenous spermidine root-pretreatment promoting lactuca sativa l. growth and photosynthesis in the high-temperature season.	root zone high-temperature stress is a major factor limiting hydroponic plant growth during the high-temperature season. the effects of root zone cooling (rzc; at 25°c) and exogenous spermidine (spd) root-pretreatment (srp, 0.1 mm) on growth, leaf photosynthetic traits, and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of hydroponic lactuca sativa l. grown in a high-temperature season (average temperature > 30°c) were examined. both treatments significantly promoted plant growth and photosynthesis in ...	2016	27047532
effects of biochar and alkaline amendments on cadmium immobilization, selected nutrient and cadmium concentrations of lettuce (lactuca sativa) in two contrasting soils.	to assess the efficiency of seven treatments including biochars produced from dried faecal matter and manures as stabilizing agents of cadmium (cd)-spiked soils, lettuce was grown in glasshouse on two contrasting soils. the soils used were moderately fertile silty loam and less fertile sandy loam and the applied treatments were 7 % w/w. the reduction of bioavailable cd (ammonium nitrate extractable) and its phytoavailability for lettuce were used as assessment criteria in the evaluation of stabi ...	2016	27047723
ecotoxicity of titanium silicon oxide (tisio4) nanomaterial for terrestrial plants and soil invertebrate species.	the huge evolution of nanotechnology and the commercialization of nanomaterials (nms) positively contributed for innovation in several industrial sectors. facing this rapid development and the emergence of nms in the market, the release of this nanometric sized materials in the environment and the possible impact on different ecosystem components attracted the attention of researchers in the last few years. in our study we aimed to assess the impact of titanium silicon oxide nanomaterial (nano-t ...	2016	27060256
genetic control of water and nitrate capture and their use efficiency in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).	robustness in lettuce, defined as the ability to produce stable yields across a wide range of environments, may be associated with below-ground traits such as water and nitrate capture. in lettuce, research on the role of root traits in resource acquisition has been rather limited. exploring genetic variation for such traits and shoot performance in lettuce across environments can contribute to breeding for robustness. a population of 142 lettuce cultivars was evaluated during two seasons (sprin ...	2016	27064203
evaluating the combined toxicity of cu and zno nanoparticles: utility of the concept of additivity and a nested experimental design.	little is understood regarding the effects of mixtures of different metal-based nanoparticles (nps). using concentration-addition (ca) and independent-action (ia) models, we evaluated the combined toxicity of cu and zno nps based on five nested combinations, i.e., cu(no3)2-cunps, zn(no3)2-znonps, cu(no3)2-znonps, zn(no3)2-cunps, and cunps-znonps on root elongation of lactuca sativa l. the ca and ia models performed equally well in estimating the toxicity of mixtures of cu(no3)2-cunps, zn(no3)2-z ...	2016	27070131
allelochemicals from the rhizosphere soil of cultivated astragalus hoantchy.	astragalus hoantchy, a widely cultivated medicinal plant species in traditional chinese and mongolian medicine, has been often hampered by replant failure during cultivation, like many other herbs of the genus astragalus. root aqueous extracts of astragalus herbs were reported to exhibit allelopathic activity against other plants and autotoxic activity on their own seedlings, but the allelochemicals released by astragalus plants have not been specified so far. ten compounds were isolated from th ...	2016	27074954
stability of carotenoids and tocopherols in ready-to-eat baby-leaf lettuce and salad rocket during low-temperature storage.	minimally processed ready-to-eat baby-leaf vegetables (blvs) are the most convenient source to include the health beneficial bioactive in the daily diet. in the present study, the visual quality and storage stability of carotenoids, tocopherols were investigated in lettuce (green and red romaine) and salad rocket blvs. the commercially packed samples of blvs were stored at 0 °c and 4 °c in dark conditions and analyzed after 0, 2, 4, 8 and 12 days of storage. all the studied samples were found in ...	0	27075434
a potent phytotoxic substance in aglaia odorata lour.	aglaia odorata lour. (meliaceae) was found to have very strong allelopathic activity and a bioherbicide porganic(™) was developed from its leaf extracts. however, the phytotoxic substances causing the strong allelopathic activity of the plants have not yet been determined. therefore, we investigated allelopathic properties and phytotoxic substances in a. odorata. aqueous etoh extracts of a. odorata leaves inhibited root and shoot growth of garden cress (lepidum sativum), lettuce (lactuca sativa) ...	2016	27088639
inhibitory effect of marine green algal extracts on germination of lactuca sativa seeds.	the allelopathic potential of nine green seaweed species was examined based on germination and seedling growth of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). out of nine methanol extracts, capsosiphon fulvescens and monostroma nitidum extracts completely inhibited germination of l. sativa at 4 mg/filter paper after 24 hr of treatment. water extracts of these seaweeds generally showed low anti-germination activities than methanol extracts. of the nine water extracts, enteromorpha linza extract completely inhibi ...	2016	27097439
assessing the effect of sodium dichloroisocyanurate concentration on transfer of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium in wash water for production of minimally processed iceberg lettuce (lactuca sativa l.).	this study evaluated the impact of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 250 mg l(-1) ) in wash water on transfer of salmonella typhimurium from contaminated lettuce to wash water and then to other noncontaminated lettuces washed sequentially in the same water. experiments were designed mimicking the conditions commonly seen in minimally processed vegetable (mpv) processing plants in brazil. the scenarios were as follows: (1) washing one inoculated lettuce portion in nonchlorina ...	2016	27105015
bioavailability and risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in garden edible vegetables and soils around a highly contaminated former mining area in germany.	although soil contamination by potentially toxic elements (ptes) in europe has a history of many centuries, related problems are often considered as having been dealt with due to the enforcement of tight legislations. however, there are many unsolved issues. we aimed to assess pte levels in highly contaminated soils and in garden edible vegetables using human health risk indices in order to evaluate the availability and mobilization of arsenic (as), copper (cu), manganese (mn), mercury (hg), lea ...	0	27117508
physiological mechanisms to cope with cr(vi) toxicity in lettuce: can lettuce be used in cr phytoremediation?	this research aims at identifying the main deleterious effects of cr(vi) on the photosynthetic apparatus and at selecting the most sensitive endpoints related to photosynthesis. to achieve this goal, we used lettuce (lactuca sativa), a sensible ecotoxicological crop model. three-week-old plants were exposed to 0, 50, 150 and 200 mg l(-1) of cr(vi). these concentrations ranged from levels admitted in irrigation waters to values found in several cr industry effluents and heavily contaminated envir ...	2016	27130342
effect of soil biochar concentration on the mitigation of emerging organic contaminant uptake in lettuce.	although crop uptake of emerging organic contaminants (eoc) from irrigation water and soils has been previously reported, successful mitigation strategies have not yet been established. in this study, soil was amended with a wood-based biochar (bc) at two rates (0, 2.5 and 5% w/w) to evaluate the effect on mitigation of eoc uptake (i.e. bisphenol a, caffeine, carbamazepine, clofibric acid, furosemide, ibuprofen, methyl dihydrojasmonate, tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, triclosan, and tonalide) in l ...	2017	27143287
effects of industrial wastewater on growth and biomass production in commonly grown vegetables.	in developing countries like pakistan, irrigation of crops with industrial and municipal wastewater is a common practice. however, the impact of wastewater irrigation on vegetables growth has rarely been studied. therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the effect of industrial wastewater on the germination and seedling growth of some commonly grown vegetables in pakistan. wastewater samples were collected from two different industries (marble industry and match alam factory) at h ...	2016	27149970
phytotoxicity of soluble graphitic nanofibers to model plant species.	carbon nanomaterials are considered promising for applications in energy storage, catalysis, and electronics. this has motivated study of their potential environmental toxicity. recently, a novel nanomaterial consisting of graphene oxide wrapped around a carbon nanotube (cnt) core was synthesized. the resulting soluble graphitic nanofibers were found to have superior catalytic properties, which could result in their use in fuel cells. before this material undergoes widespread use, its environmen ...	2016	27153481
comparative study of zn deficiency in l. sativa and b. oleracea plants: nh4(+) assimilation and nitrogen derived protective compounds.	zinc (zn) deficiency is a major problem in agricultural crops of many world regions. n metabolism plays an essential role in plants and changes in their availability and their metabolism could seriously affect crop productivity. the main objective of the present work was to perform a comparative analysis of different strategies against zn deficiency between two plant species of great agronomic interest such as lactuca sativa cv. phillipus and brassica oleracea cv. bronco. for this, both species ...	2016	27181942
development of phytotoxicity indexes and their correlation with ecotoxicological, stability and physicochemical parameters during passive composting of poultry manure.	both raw and composted poultry manure is applied as soil amendment. the aims of this study were: (1) to develop phytotoxicity indexes for organic wastes and composts, and (2) to assess the correlation among phytotoxicity indexes, ecotoxicological endpoints and stability and physicochemical parameters during passive composting of poultry manure. six 2-m(3) composting piles were constructed and four parameter groups (physicochemical and microbiological parameters, ecotoxicological endpoints, and b ...	2016	27185192
macroelemental composition of cadmium stressed lettuce plants grown under conditions of intensive sulphur nutrition.	lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is moderately sensitive to cadmium (cd) and shows high accumulation of this metal. thus, this species is considered to be a good model for both identifying determinants controlling cd accumulation in plant tissues and for developing breeding strategies aimed at limiting the accumulation of this metal in edible tissues. simultaneously, lettuce is characterised by medium requirements for sulphur (s) - a macronutrient whose role is associated not only with proper growth ...	2016	27203699
uptake of antibiotics from irrigation water by plants.	the capacity of carrot (daucus corota l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), two plants that are usually eaten raw, to uptake tetracycline and amoxicillin (two commonly used antibiotics) from irrigated water was investigated in order to assess the indirect human exposure to antibiotics through consumption of uncooked vegetables. antibiotics in potted plants that had been irrigated with known concentrations of the antibiotics were extracted using accelerated solvent extraction and analyzed on a liq ...	0	27213239
assessment of the impact of aluminum on germination, early growth and free proline content in lactuca sativa l.	aluminum (al) toxicity is a major problem in crop production on acid soils. the use of industrial or municipal wastewaters, which may be contaminated with metals, for irrigation in agriculture is common over the world. this action can increase the concentration of these agents in the soil and decrease crops yields. in order to evaluate the toxicological effects of recommended al levels in irrigation water, under acidic conditions, on lettuce, seeds of two cultivars ("cv reine de mai" and "cv whi ...	2016	27229755
high-throughput growth prediction for lactuca sativa l. seedlings using chlorophyll fluorescence in a plant factory with artificial lighting.	poorly grown plants that result from differences in individuals lead to large profit losses for plant factories that use large electric power sources for cultivation. thus, identifying and culling the low-grade plants at an early stage, using so-called seedlings diagnosis technology, plays an important role in avoiding large losses in plant factories. in this study, we developed a high-throughput diagnosis system using the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence (cf) in a commercial large-scale ...	2016	27242805
review of anthraquinone applications for pest management and agricultural crop protection.	we have reviewed published anthraquinone applications for international pest management and agricultural crop protection from 1943 to 2016. anthraquinone (aq) is commonly found in dyes, pigments and many plants and organisms. avian repellent research with aq began in the 1940s. in the context of pest management, aq is currently used as a chemical repellent, perch deterrent, insecticide and feeding deterrent in many wild birds, and in some mammals, insects and fishes. criteria for evaluation of e ...	2016	27252044
do phytotoxic allelochemicals remain in ashes after burning chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera (boneseed)?	australia is facing challenges in controlling chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera (boneseed). however, burning has achieved some success in this regard. we aimed to investigate the comparative phytotoxicity of boneseed dried powder and ashes (burnt at 450°c and 250°c). phenolic compounds in powder and ashes were measured using folin-ciocalteu assay and hplc. the phytotoxicity of boneseed powder and ash extracts was assessed through germination bioassay on lactuca sativa and the phytoto ...	2016	27266307
selective toxin effects on faster and slower growing individuals in the formation of hormesis at the population level - a case study with lactuca sativa and pcib.	natural plant populations have large phenotypic plasticity that enhances acclimation to local stress factors such as toxin exposures. while consequences of high toxin exposures are well addressed, effects of low-dose toxin exposures on plant populations are seldom investigated. in particular, the importance of 'selective low-dose toxicity' and hormesis, i.e. stimulatory effects, has not been studied simultaneously. since selective toxicity can change the size distribution of populations, we assu ...	2016	27267716
root growth-promoting activities of n-acyl-l-proline derivatives.	a number of n-acyl-l-proline derivatives were synthesized and their biological activities were investigated by using lettuce (lactuca sativa l. cv. sacramento) seedling test. a wide variety of these compounds promoted root growth at 25°c both under light and in darkness. of the compounds tested, n-(2-ftuorobenzoyl)-l-proline methyl ester (4) showed the highest activity and caused a 270% increase in the root elongation compared to the control. n-(2-naphthoyl)-l-proline methyl ester (14) promoted ...	1992	27286207
ecotoxicological impact of two soil remediation treatments in lactuca sativa seeds.	pharmaceuticals have been identified as environmental emerging pollutants and are present in different compartments, including soils. chemical remediation showed to be a good and suitable approach for soil remediation, though the knowledge in their impact for terrestrial organisms is still limited. therefore, in this work, two different chemical remediation treatments (fenton oxidation and nanoremediation) were applied to a soil contaminated with an environmental representative concentration of ...	2016	27289206
radionuclides: accumulation and transport in plants.	application of radioactive elements or radionuclides for anthropogenic use is a widespread phenomenon nowadays. radionuclides undergo radioactive decays releasing ionizing radiation like gamma ray(s) and/or alpha or beta particles that can displace electrons in the living matter (like in dna) and disturb its function. radionuclides are highly hazardous pollutants of considerable impact on the environment, food chain and human health. cleaning up of the contaminated environment through plants is ...	2017	27300012
comparative transcriptome analysis of the biocontrol strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 as response to biofilm formation analyzed by rna sequencing.	the strain bacillus amyloliquefaciens fzb42 is a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (pgpr) and biocontrol agent known to keep infections of lettuce (lactuca sativa) by the phytopathogen rhizoctonia solani down. several mechanisms, including the production of secondary metabolites possessing antimicrobial properties and induction of the host plant's systemic resistance (isr), were proposed to explain the biocontrol effect of the strain. b. amyloliquefaciens fzb42 is able to form plaques (biofi ...	2016	27312701
rubisco catalytic properties and temperature response in crops.	rubisco catalytic traits and their thermal dependence are two major factors limiting the co2 assimilation potential of plants. in this study, we present the profile of rubisco kinetics for 20 crop species at three different temperatures. the results largely confirmed the existence of significant variation in the rubisco kinetics among species. although some of the species tended to present rubisco with higher thermal sensitivity (e.g. oryza sativa) than others (e.g. lactuca sativa), interspecifi ...	2016	27329223
ecotoxicity evaluation of a wwtp effluent treated by solar photo-fenton at neutral ph in a raceway pond reactor.	some pollutants can be resistant to wastewater treatment, hence becoming a risk to aquatic and terrestrial biota even at the very low concentrations (ng l(-1)-μg l(-1)) they are commonly found at. tertiary treatments are used for micropollutant removal but little is known about the ecotoxicity of the treated effluent. in this study, a municipal secondary effluent was treated by a solar photo-fenton reactor at initial neutral ph in a raceway pond reactor, and ecotoxicity was evaluated before and ...	2017	27335017
acinetobacter lactucae sp. nov., isolated from iceberg lettuce (asteraceae: lactuca sativa).	strain nrrl b-41902t and three closely related strains were isolated from iceberg lettuce. the strain was found to consist of strictly aerobic, gram-stain-negative rods that formed cocci in late stationary phase. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that strain nrrl b-41902t was most closely related to species within the genera acinetobacter, and that a grouping of it and the three other closely related strains was most closely related to the type strain of acinetobacter pittii, which was also ...	2016	27339105
ecotoxicity of arsenic contaminated sludge after mixing with soils and addition into composting and vermicomposting processes.	sludge coming from remediation of groundwater contaminated by industry is usually managed as hazardous waste despite it might be considered for further processing as a source of nutrients. the ecotoxicity of phosphorus rich sludge contaminated with arsenic was evaluated after mixing with soil and cultivation with sinapis alba, and supplementation into composting and vermicomposting processes. the enchytraeus crypticus and folsomia candida reproduction tests and the lactuca sativa root growth tes ...	2016	27348256
zinc excess triggered polyamines accumulation in lettuce root metabolome, as compared to osmotic stress under high salinity.	abiotic stresses such as salinity and metal contaminations are the major environmental stresses that adversely affect crop productivity worldwide. crop responses and tolerance to abiotic stress are complex processes for which "-omic" approaches such as metabolomics is giving us a newest view of biological systems. the aim of the current research was to assess metabolic changes in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), by specifically probing the root metabolome of plants exposed to elevated isomolar conce ...	2016	27375675
degradation and ecotoxicity of dye reactive black 5 after reductive-oxidative process : environmental science and pollution research.	this research paper describes the study of a reduction-oxidation system using commercial steel wool (fe(0)) and h2o2 for degradation of the dye reactive black 5 and aromatic compounds in water. the reductive process alone allowed the almost complete removal of color (97 ± 1 %) after 60 min of reaction. the decrease in spectral area (λ = 599 nm) associated with the chromophore group indicates breakage of the azo bonds. moreover, the significant change in uv spectra can be associated with the form ...	2017	27384167
deficit irrigation reduces postharvest rib pinking in wholehead iceberg lettuce, but at the expense of head fresh weight.	postharvest pinking is a serious issue affecting lettuce quality. previous studies suggested the possibility of using deficit irrigation to control discolouration; however, this approach may also affect yield. this study investigated the effect of varying irrigation deficits on iceberg lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) to determine the relationship between irrigation deficit, pinking and fresh weight.	2017	27404345
rapid identification of lettuce seed germination mutants by bulked segregant analysis and whole genome sequencing.	lettuce (lactuca sativa) seeds exhibit thermoinhibition, or failure to complete germination when imbibed at warm temperatures. chemical mutagenesis was employed to develop lettuce lines that exhibit germination thermotolerance. two independent thermotolerant lettuce seed mutant lines, tg01 and tg10, were generated through ethyl methanesulfonate mutagenesis. genetic and physiological analyses indicated that these two mutations were allelic and recessive. to identify the causal gene(s), we applied ...	2016	27406937
on hybridising lettuce seedlings with nanoparticles and the resultant effects on the organisms' electrical characteristics.	lettuce seedlings are attracting interest in the computing world due to their capacity to become hybrid circuit components, more specifically, in the creation of living 'wires'. previous studies have shown that seedlings can be hybridised with gold nanoparticles and withstand mild electrical currents. in this study, lettuce seedlings were hybridised with a variety of metallic and non-metallic nanomaterials: carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, aluminium oxide and calcium phosphate. toxic effects an ...	2016	27424022
molecular mapping of high resistance to bacterial leaf spot in lettuce pi 358001-1.	lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is a diploid (2n = 18) with a genome size of 2,600 mbp, and belongs to the family compositae. bacterial leaf spot (bls), caused by xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians, is a major disease of lettuce worldwide. leaf lettuce pi 358001-1 has been characterized as an accession highly resistant to bls and has white seed. in order to understand inheritance of the high resistance in this germplasm line, an f3 population consisting of 163 families was developed from the cross p ...	2016	27454703
whole-transcriptome analysis of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o157:h7 (sakai) suggests plant-species-specific metabolic responses on exposure to spinach and lettuce extracts.	verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) can contaminate crop plants, potentially using them as secondary hosts, which can lead to food-borne infection. currently, little is known about the influence of the specific plant species on the success of bacterial colonization. as such, we compared the ability of the vtec strain, e. coli o157:h7 'sakai,' to colonize the roots and leaves of four leafy vegetables: spinach (spinacia oleracea), lettuce (lactuca sativa), vining green pea (pisum sativum), a ...	2016	27462311
evaluation of the allelopathic potential of leaf, stem, and root extracts of ocotea pulchella nees et mart.	despite the increase in recent decades in herbicide research on the potential of native plants, current knowledge is considered to be low. very few studies have been carried out on the chemical profile or the biological activity of the brazilian savanna (cerrado) species. in the study reported here, the allelopathic activity of acoet and meoh extracts of leaves, stems, and roots from ocotea pulchella nees was evaluated. the extracts were assayed on etiolated wheat coleoptiles. the acoet leaf ext ...	2016	27482860
metabolomics to detect response of lettuce (lactuca sativa) to cu(oh)2 nanopesticides: oxidative stress response and detoxification mechanisms.	there has been an increasing influx of nanopesticides into agriculture in recent years. understanding the interaction between nanopesticides and edible plants is crucial in evaluating the potential impact of nanotechnology on the environment and agriculture. here we exposed lettuce plants to cu(oh)2 nanopesticides (1050-2100 mg/l) through foliar spray for one month. inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (icp-ms) results indicate that 97-99% (1353-2501 mg/kg) of copper was sequestered in t ...	2016	27483188
zn-biofortification enhanced nitrogen metabolism and photorespiration process in green leafy vegetable lactuca sativa l.	excessive rates of nitrogen (n) fertilizers may result in elevated concentrations of nitrate (no3- ) in plants. considering that many programs of biofortification with trace elements are being performed, it has become important to study how the application of these elements affects plant physiology and, particularly, n utilization in leaf crops. the main objective of the present study was to determine whether the no3- accumulation and the nitrogen use efficiency was affected by the application o ...	2017	27487980
evaluation of the toxic potential of coffee wastewater on seeds, roots and meristematic cells of lactuca sativa l.	coffee wastewater (cww) is an effluent produced through wet processing of coffee containing high concentration of organic matter, nutrients, salts and also agrochemicals. it is released directly into the argillaceous soil or into decantation tanks for later disposal into soils, by fertigation, subsurface infiltration or superficial draining. however, this practice is not followed by the monitoring the toxicity potential of this effluent. in this sense, the present work aimed to evaluate the phyt ...	2016	27497783
ecotoxicological assessment of glyphosate-based herbicides: effects on different organisms.	glyphosate-based herbicides are the most commonly used worldwide because they are effective and relatively nontoxic to nontarget species. unlimited and uncontrolled use of such pesticides can have serious consequences for human health and ecological balance. the present study evaluated the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of 2 glyphosate-based formulations, roundup original (roundup) and glyphosate akb 480 (akb), on different organisms: cucumber (cucumis sativus), lettuce (lactuca sativa), and to ...	2016	27517480
evaluation of using aluminum sulfate and water-soluble moringa oleifera seed lectin to reduce turbidity and toxicity of polluted stream water.	aluminum salts are used as coagulants in water treatment; however, the exposure to residual aluminum has been associated with human brain lesions. the water-soluble moringa oleifera lectin (wsmol), which is extracted with distilled water and isolated by chitin chromatography, has coagulant activity and is able to reduce the concentration of metal ions in aqueous solutions. this study evaluated the potential of using aluminum sulfate and wsmol to reduce the turbidity and toxicity of water from th ...	2016	27526060
karrikins identified in biochars indicate post-fire chemical cues can influence community diversity and plant development.	karrikins are smoke-derived compounds that provide strong chemical cues to stimulate seed germination and seedling growth. the recent discovery in arabidopsis that the karrikin perception system may be present throughout angiosperms implies a fundamental plant function. here, we identify the most potent karrikin, karrikinolide (kar1), in biochars and determine its role in species unique plant responses.	2016	27536995
heavy metals deposited in the culture of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) by the influence of vehicular traffic in pernambuco, brazil.	currently one of the main sources of atmospheric pollution identified in urban centers is derived from both industrial and motor vehicle emissions. these pollutants can be adsorbed to particulate matter which is present in the air or deposited in the soil and plants, eventually reaching the human food chain. in this context, the present study aimed to determine the concentration of metals such as cu, pb, cd, ni and zn in two subspecies of lactuca sativa l. and in the soil from were lettuce sampl ...	2017	27542464
phytohormone profile in lactuca sativa and brassica oleracea plants grown under zn deficiency.	phytohormones, structurally diverse compounds, are involved in multiple processes within plants, such as controlling plant growth and stress response. zn is an essential micronutrient for plants and its deficiency causes large economic losses in crops. therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse the role of phytohormones in the zn-deficiency response of two economically important species, i.e. lactuca sativa and brassica oleracea. for this, these two species were grown hydroponically wit ...	2016	27543253
phytotoxicity of 15 common pharmaceuticals on the germination of lactuca sativa and photosynthesis of chlamydomonas reinhardtii.	pharmaceuticals reach terrestrial environments through the application of treated wastewaters and biosolids to agricultural soils. we have investigated the toxicity of 15 common pharmaceuticals, classified as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids), blood lipid-lowering agents, β-blockers and antibiotics, in two photosynthetic organisms. twelve pharmaceuticals caused inhibitory effects on the radicle and hypocotyl elongation of lactuca sativa seeds. the ec50 values obtained were in the ran ...	2016	27553001
non-destructive prediction of pigment content in lettuce based on visible-nir spectroscopy.	lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is one of the most important salad vegetables in the world, with a number of head shapes, leaf types and colors. the lettuce pigments play important physiological functions, such as photosynthetic processes and light stress defense, but they also benefit human health because of their antioxidant action and anticarcinogenic properties. in this study three lettuce cultivars were grown under different farming systems, and partial least squares models were built to predic ...	0	27553517
effect of a non-woven fabric covering on the residual activity of pendimethalin in lettuce and soil.	lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) is a crop that is very sensitive to herbicide contamination owing to its short growing season. the use of long-residual herbicides and non-woven fabric coverings could therefore influence pendimethalin concentrations in soil and lettuce.	0	27558779
systemic allergic dermatitis caused by sesquiterpene lactones.	patients with compositae sensitization are routinely warned against the ingestion of vegetables, spices, teas and herbal remedies from this family of plants. the evidence for the occurrence of systemic allergic dermatitis caused by sesquiterpene lactone-containing plants is mostly anecdotal and based on statements from patients rather than scientific data. however, a few clinical reports on accidental sensitization and exposure and oral challenge prove the existence of this kind of reaction, mos ...	2017	27568784
reuse of organomineral substrate waste from hydroponic systems as fertilizer in open-field production increases yields, flavonoid glycosides, and caffeic acid derivatives of red oak leaf lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) much more than synthetic fertilizer.	effects of organic waste from a hydroponic system added with minerals (organomineral fertilizer) and synthetic fertilizer on major polyphenols of red oak leaf lettuce using hplc-dad-esi-ms(3) were investigated. interestingly, contents of the main flavonoid glycosides and caffeic acid derivatives of lettuce treated with organomineral fertilizer were equal to those synthesized without soil additives. this was found although soil nutrient concentrations, including that of nitrogen, were much lower ...	2016	27606685
vertical farming increases lettuce yield per unit area compared to conventional horizontal hydroponics.	vertical farming systems (vfs) have been proposed as an engineering solution to increase productivity per unit area of cultivated land by extending crop production into the vertical dimension. to test whether this approach presents a viable alternative to horizontal crop production systems, a vfs (where plants were grown in upright cylindrical columns) was compared against a conventional horizontal hydroponic system (hhs) using lettuce (lactuca sativa l. cv. "little gem") as a model crop. both s ...	2016	27635244
efficiency and toxicity: comparison between the fenton and electrochemical processes.	this study aimed to determine the best method to treat a textile effluent containing the dye basic blue 99 (bb). treatments by the electrochemical and the fenton processes were compared by means of a 2(3) experimental design, and the interaction of experimental conditions for bb oxidation were determined. the electrochemical treatment gave better results in the presence of nacl as electrolyte and high current density (30 ma cm(-2)); the fenton reaction provided better results at h2o2 and fe(2+) ...	2017	27642834
lettuce and rhizosphere microbiome responses to growth promoting pseudomonas species under field conditions.	plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are well described and recommended for several crops worldwide. however, one of the most common problems in research into them is the difficulty in obtaining reproducible results. furthermore, few studies have evaluated plant growth promotion and soil microbial community composition resulting from bacterial inoculation under field conditions. here we evaluated the effect of 54 pseudomonas strains on lettuce (lactuca sativa) growth. the 12 most promising strai ...	2016	27660605
removal of phyto-accessible copper from contaminated soils using zero valent iron amendment and magnetic separation methods: assessment of residual toxicity using plant and metplate™ studies.	zero valent iron (zvi) has been widely tested and used in remediation of both contaminated soils and groundwater, and in general, the in situ amendment of the contaminated media is used as remediation approach. however, concerns remain as to the potential detrimental effects of both the immobilized zvi and the adsorbed pollutants as the treated system could undergo transformations over time. accordingly, plans for soil remediation by in situ immobilization of sorbents should include a long-term ...	2016	27661723
effect of diet on carboxylesterase activity of tadpoles (rhinella arenarum) exposed to chlorpyrifos.	an outdoor microcosm was performed with tadpoles (rhinella arenarum) exposed to 125μgl-1 chlorpyrifos and fed two types of food, i.e., lettuce (lactuca sativa) and a formulated commercial pellet. acetylcholinesterase (ache) and carboxylesterase (cbe) activities were measured in liver and intestine after 10 days of pesticide exposure. non-exposed tadpoles fed lettuce had an intestinal ache activity almost two-fold higher than that of pellet-fed tadpoles. no significant differences were observed, ...	2017	27664371