Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| [effect of professional plaque removal on the recolonization of tooth surfaces by glucan-forming streptococci]. | 1984 | 6592087 | |
| immunologic profile of juvenile periodontitis. i. lymphocyte blastogenesis and the autologous mixed lymphocyte response. | studies of blastogenesis of lymphocytes in culture from juvenile periodontitis (jp) patients have been inconclusive. experiments demonstrating differences in lymphocyte blastogenesis to preparations of putative periodontopathogens in jp and phytohaemagglutinin (pha) were performed. variables in the blastogenesis assay system recently reported were controlled which included using a range of cell and activator concentrations, incubation times of 3, 5 and 7 days, conical-bottomed microtest wells an ... | 1984 | 6592318 |
| human neutrophil migration under agarose to bacteria associated with the development of gingivitis. | in clinically healthy gingiva and increasingly with the development of inflammation, neutrophils are found in the gingival tissues and sulcus. this study evaluated the relative ability of bacteria associated with gingival health and developing inflammation to stimulate this increase in neutrophil accumulation. dialyzed bacterial sonic extracts (be) in buffer and pooled human serum (phs) from pure cultures of streptococcus sanguis. actinomyces viscosus, a naeslundii, bacteroides intermedius, fuso ... | 1984 | 6592328 |
| expression of a streptokinase gene from streptococcus equisimilis in streptococcus sanguis. | using recombinant dna techniques, we introduced a previously cloned streptokinase gene from streptococcus equisimilis into the challis strain of s. sanguis (group h). the gene was expressed in the new host under the control of its own promoter and the gene product had biological properties identical to authentic streptokinase. however, the molecular weight of cloned streptokinase (42 k) as expressed by s. sanguis was substantially lower than that of authentic streptokinase (47 k). since the clon ... | 1984 | 6593564 |
| growth and acid tolerance of human dental plaque bacteria. | pure cultures of representative strains of cariogenic and non-cariogenic plaque bacteria were assessed for their ability to initiate and maintain growth in broths, adjusted to initial ph levels of 7.0, 5.5 or 5.0, and to produce lactic acid from sucrose or glucose in resting-cell suspensions at ph 6.5, 5.0, 4.5 and 4.0. streptococcus mutans, lactobacillus casei and streptococcus faecalis showed greater acid tolerance than strains of streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus ... | 1984 | 6594096 |
| a simple method for extracting human lymphocyte stimulants from human dental plaque bacteria of the genus actinomyces. | the effect of acid concentration on the hot-acid extraction of antigens from actinomyces viscosus that stimulate human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro was tested. the optimum ph for release of these antigens in a soluble low molecular-weight form was ph 2.3. preliminary purification on sepharose 4b demonstrated that most of the lympho-stimulatory material (about 90 per cent) had a mol. wt of about 100,000. this partially-purified antigenic material was mainly protein. the ph 2.3 hot-acid e ... | 1984 | 6594104 |
| the localization of blood-borne bacteria in instrumented unfilled and overinstrumented canals. | 1984 | 6594418 | |
| partial chemical characterization and biological activities of sulphated glycoproteins isolated from in-vivo pilocarpine-stimulated secretions of rat minor salivary glands. | following the incorporation of [35s]-sulphate into rats, 35s-labelled sulphated glycoproteins were isolated from the minor salivary gland secretions of pilocarpine-stimulated, immobilized animals. the secretory products were initially resolved on sepharose 4b into two major radioactive fractions, one of which appeared at the void volume and represented only 7 per cent by weight of the applied fraction. the bulk of the products were of lower molecular weight and were further resolved by deae-seph ... | 1984 | 6596032 |
| [effect of sugar substitutes on the growth and acid production of 2 types of acidogenic bacteria of the oral cavity]. | 1984 | 6597166 | |
| [structural and ecological aspects of subgingival microflora]. | 1984 | 6597611 | |
| in-vivo dental plaque-forming ability and relative cariogenicity of the bacteria streptococcus mitis and streptococcus sanguis i and ii in mono-infected gnotobiotic rats. | sixteen strains of streptococcus mitis, streptococcus sanguis i and strep. sanguis ii were tested for cariogenic potential and in-vivo plaque-forming ability in a gnotobiotic wag/rij rat test system. all strains produced far less fissure plaque in vivo than strains of streptococcus milleri or streptococcus mutans. there was less extracellular matrix around cells of strep. mitis or strep. sanguis than around strep. mutans, in the fissures. dense sheets of cells were observed only with strep. muta ... | 1984 | 6598361 |
| antibacterial effects of fluoride. | 1984 | 6599295 | |
| nonspecific induction of immunoglobulin m antibodies to periodontal disease-associated microorganisms after polyclonal human b-lymphocyte activation by fusobacterium nucleatum. | the production of antibodies to oral bacteria was determined in lymphocyte cultures stimulated with sonicated fusobacterium nucleatum, a potent inducer of polyclonal b-cell activation. after 9 days the cultures were examined by a microenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies to f. nucleatum, bacteroides gingivalis, actinomyces viscosus, and streptococcus sanguis. antibodies to these four bacteria were detected in cultures stimulated with polyclonal b-cell activatio ... | 1983 | 6604024 |
| the binding of human salivary alpha-amylase by oral strains of streptococcal bacteria. | the ability of various oral streptococci to bind salivary alpha-amylase to their cell surfaces was investigated. samples of cells were mixed with whole cleared saliva and the alpha-amylase remaining after removal of the cells was assayed by radial diffusion in starch-containing agarose. seventy-five per cent of streptococcus sanguis strains bound the enzyme but strains of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus mitior did not. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of strep. sanguis cell ... | 1983 | 6605739 |
| copper-inhibition of the growth of oral streptococci and actinomyces. | copper ions were found to inhibit the rate of growth in broth culture of streptococcus mitis, streptococcus mutans, streptococcus salivarious, streptococcus sanguis, actinomyces viscosus and actinomyces naeslundii. in all cases, 10(-3) m copper inhibited the rate of growth, whereas 10(-4) m and lower concentrations had little or no effect. at the concentrations used in mouthwashes one mode of action of copper ions is to reduce the rate of growth of oral bacteria in vitro. | 1983 | 6615987 |
| phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of alpha-methylglucoside in streptococcus sanguis atcc 10556. | spontaneous mutants defective in some undefined membrane components of the phosphoenolpyruvate:glucose phosphotransferase system were isolated by plating cells of streptococcus sanguis atcc 10556 onto an agar containing lactose and 10 mm 2-deoxyglucose. toluenized cells of these mutants were defective in their ability to catalyse the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of 2-deoxyglucose but were still able to phosphorylate alpha-methylglucoside. the phosphorylation of alpha-methylgluco ... | 1983 | 6616345 |
| cell-free released components of streptococcus sanguis inhibit human platelet aggregation. | to study the role of surface components in the selective binding and aggregation of platelet-rich plasma (prp) by strains of viridans streptococci, we treated the binding, aggregation strain streptococcus sanguis i 2017-78 by sonication or trypsinization. morphologically identifiable electron-dense fibrils were released from the cell wall, apparently from an inner electron-dense layer, under conditions that left cells intact. these controlled conditions were determined to cause submaximal loss i ... | 1983 | 6618669 |
| local anesthetics block transient expression of inducible functions for transformation in streptococcus sanguis. | procaine and tetracaine reversibly inhibit transformation by preventing the transient expression of competence-specific, inducible functions, which are usually triggered in response to cellular stimulation with competence protein. affinity studies with 14c-labeled procaine showed that the anesthetic bound to cell surface macromolecules specifically in the initiation phases of competence-specific events and blocked transfer of information imparted by cellular membrane receptor(s) upon interaction ... | 1983 | 6619099 |
| a neuraminidase from streptococcus sanguis that can release o-acetylated sialic acids. | the naturally occurring sialic acids can have different types of n- and o-substitutions, resulting in more than 20 known isomers and compounds. most methods for the detailed study of these various sialic acids require that the molecules be first released from their alpha-glycosidic linkage. when mild acid hydrolysis is used for this purpose, significant destruction of o-substituent groups occur. on the other hand, the presence of o-substituent groups renders the sialic acid molecule partially or ... | 1983 | 6630194 |
| bacteriology of dental abscesses of endodontic origin. | aspirates have been cultured from 10 dental abscesses of endodontic origin, all of which had penetrated beyond the bony alveolus to produce fluctuant swelling. sampling was by syringe aspiration. strict anaerobic techniques, including the use of an anaerobic chamber, were used for serial dilution and plating. randomly selected colonies (100) from each culture were purified, characterized, and identified. seventy percent of the bacterial isolates were either strict anaerobes or microaerophilic. o ... | 1983 | 6630460 |
| distribution and incidence of viridans streptococcal species in routine clinical specimens. | five hundred consecutive isolates of viridans streptococci were identified to the species level in an effort to determine their distribution and incidence in routine clinical specimens. viridans streptococci accounted for significant percentages of streptococcal isolates from urine, wounds, body fluids, and blood. the most commonly isolated strains belonged to the streptococcus milleri, streptococcus mitis, streptococcus sanguis i, and streptococcus sanguis ii species. patient charts were review ... | 1983 | 6637890 |
| association of neuraminidase-sensitive receptors and putative hydrophobic interactions with high-affinity binding sites for streptococcus sanguis c5 in salivary pellicles. | the relationship of neuraminidase-sensitive receptors and putative hydrophobic interactions to high- and low-affinity binding sites in experimental salivary pellicles for streptococcus sanguis c5 was investigated. nascn, an inhibitor of hydrophobic interactions, reduced the number of cells which adsorbed to pellicles to a greater extent than nacl or kcl when both low and high streptococcal concentrations were used in assays. however, nascn was not more effective than nacl or kcl in desorbing 3h- ... | 1983 | 6642656 |
| role of monocytes in polyclonal immunoglobulin production stimulated by sonicates of periodontally associated bacteria. | these studies were initiated to investigate monocyte regulation of polyclonal antibody responses of human peripheral blood lymphocytes stimulated by sonicates of periodontally associated bacteria. with pokeweed mitogen (pwm) as a positive reference, the role of monocytes in the peripheral blood lymphocyte response to streptococcus sanguis and wolinella hvs was examined by manipulating the number of monocytes and lymphocytes in culture. in comparison to pwm, optimal responses to the bacterial son ... | 1983 | 6642667 |
| spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by a viridans streptococcus or neisseria perflava. | eight patients had nine episodes of presumed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) caused by commensal bacteria that usually inhabit the oropharynx, including neisseria perflava and the viridans streptococci streptococcus milleri, streptococcus mitis, and streptococcus sanguis. nonpurulent ascites (ascitic fluid wbc count, less than 1,000/cu mm) was present in four episodes, possibly caused by either bacterial colonization or early peritonitis; purulent ascites was present in five episodes. no ... | 1983 | 6645030 |
| inhibition of bacterial aggregation by serum- and blood-derived proteins. | human and animal sera contain potent inhibitors of saliva-mediated aggregation of oral streptococci. the inhibitors consist of a high-molecular-weight heat-labile factor and a lower-molecular-weight heat-activated factor. the latter appears to be serum albumin. analyses of purified blood-derived proteins indicated that several high-molecular-weight proteins (fibrinogen, fibronectin, and ferritin) were able to inhibit aggregation at low concentrations. these data suggest that high-molecular-weigh ... | 1984 | 6690411 |
| regulation of glucose metabolism in oral streptococci through independent pathways of glucose 6-phosphate and glucose 1-phosphate formation. | in vivo rates of glucose uptake and acid production by oral streptococci grown in glucose- or nitrogen-limited continuous culture and batch culture were compared with the glucose phosphorylation activities of harvested, decryptified cells. the strains examined contained significant phosphoenolpyruvate-phosphotransferase system (pts) activity, measured by a glucose 6-phosphate (g6p) dehydrogenase-linked assay procedure, but this activity was insufficient to account for the in vivo glucose uptake ... | 1984 | 6693352 |
| role of granulocytes in the prevention and therapy of experimental streptococcus sanguis endocarditis in rabbits. | the contributions of granulocytes to the prevention and therapy of streptococcus sanguis endocarditis with procaine benzylpenicillin (pbp) was investigated in rabbits. depletion of granulocytes by treatment with mechlorethamine appeared to have no significant effect on either the prophylactic or therapeutic activities of pbp. administration of 3,000 iu of pbp before inoculation with s. sanguis retarded the course of the endocarditis for only 24 h whether granulocytes were normal or depressed in ... | 1984 | 6712203 |
| broad host range of streptococcal macrolide resistance plasmids. | four macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin b resistance plasmids transferred into 13 recipients belonging to streptococcus, staphylococcus, and listeria genera. the plasmids were stably maintained in all new hosts except streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria innocua and were identical to those found in the corresponding donor strains. | 1984 | 6712204 |
| infection caused by vancomycin-resistant streptococcus sanguis ii. | a patient with bacteremia caused by vancomycin-resistant streptococcus sanguis ii is presented. this rare occurrence suggests that vancomycin may not be a completely reliable antibiotic in the treatment of infections due to viridans species of the genus streptococcus. gram-positive isolates from blood and otherwise sterile body fluids should be tested for susceptibility to vancomycin. | 1984 | 6732222 |
| growth of oral streptococcus species and actinomyces viscosus in human saliva. | microorganisms in dental plaque live in constant association with saliva. the role of saliva in the adherence of bacteria to the teeth and the antibacterial properties of saliva have been well investigated; less interest has been shown in the possible role of saliva as a substrate for oral microorganisms. in this study it was shown that saliva can serve as a growth medium for oral streptococcus spp. and actinomyces viscosus. the cell production of these organisms on saliva was carbohydrate limit ... | 1984 | 6742834 |
| protease production by streptococcus sanguis associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis. | a viridans streptococcus (streptococcus sanguis biotype ii) isolated from the blood of a patient with subacute bacterial endocarditis was examined for protease production. in broth culture, extracellular proteolytic enzymes were not produced by this organism until after the early exponential phase of growth, with maximal protease production occurring during the stationary phase. four distinct proteases were isolated and purified from the supernatant fluids of stationary-phase cultures, employing ... | 1982 | 6759404 |
| nephelometric assay for the immunoglobulin a1-protease produced by the oral bacterium streptococcus sanguis. | streptococcus sanguis, an initiator of human dental plaque, produces an endopeptidase which cleaves immunoglobulin a1 (iga1) at the hinge region. a rapid nephelometric assay was developed for the quantitation of iga1-specific protease activity. the protease was produced in dialysis cultures which yielded cell-free fluids having 14 times the specific activity of conventional cultures. assay was based on the difference in detectable iga1 concentrations at the start and termination of the reaction; ... | 1982 | 6760837 |
| iga1 proteases from haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria meningitidis, and streptococcus sanguis: comparative immunochemical studies. | iga1 proteases from h. influenzae, n. meningitidis, s. pneumoniae, and s. sanguis were compared with respect to site of cleavage in the iga1 molecule and edta sensitivity. proteases from s. sanguis and s. pneumoniae cleaved the pro (227)-thr (228) bond within the hinge region of the alpha 1 chain and were inhibited by edta. h. influenzae iga1 protease cleaved the pro (231)-ser (232) peptide bond. the activity of iga1 proteases from h. influenzae and n. meningitidis was unaffected by edta. purifi ... | 1980 | 6768797 |
| nucleic acid transport driven by ion gradient across cell membrane. | 1980 | 6769706 | |
| conservation of cell wall peptidoglycan by strains of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguis. | turnover of the cell wall peptidoglycan fraction of six different strains of streptococcus mutans and eight different strains of streptococcus sanguis was examined. cells were grown in the presence of [3h]lysine and [14c]leucine for at least eight generations and then chased in growth medium lacking the two labels. at intervals during the chase, samples of cultures were removed, and the amounts of the two labeled precursors remaining in the peptidoglycan and protein fractions were quantitated. s ... | 1980 | 6769821 |
| role of bacterial interactions in the colonization of oral surfaces of actinomyces viscosus. | the effects of several microbial residents of human oral cavities on the attachment of actinomyces viscosus t14v to tooth surfaces were assessed by using the saliva-coated hydroxyapatite (sha) in vitro system. attachment to sha by a. viscosus t14v was not inhibited in the presence of streptococcus mutans gs5, either in the presence or absence of sucrose. precoating sha beads with s. mutans in the presence of sucrose also did not retard strain t14v attachment. however, the presence of streptococc ... | 1980 | 6772577 |
| effect of temperature on the bactericidal action of sodium hypochlorite endodontic irrigant. | when the in vitro bactericidal action of 2.6 percent sodium hypochlorite endodontic irrigating solution was compared at room temperature (22 degrees c.) and at body temperature (37 degrees c.), sterility was achieved in significantly less time at 37 degrees c. | 1980 | 6779248 |
| common antigens of streptococcal and non-streptococcal oral bacteria: immunochemical studies of extracellular and cell-wall-associated antigens from streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mutans, lactobacillus salivarius, and actinomyces viscosus. | soluble extracellular antigens (esa) were prepared from the culture supernatant of exponential growing cells of streptococcus sanguis omz 9 by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatography on a bio-gel p6 column. soluble cell wall antigens (wea) were obtained from the bacterial pellet by extraction with 1 m phosphate buffer (ph 6). antisera against whole cells of s. sanguis and s. mutans of different serotypes, 10% trichloroacetic extracts of bacterial cell walls, dextran, e ... | 1981 | 6783541 |
| secretory immunity and the bacterial iga proteases. | the characteristics and functions of microbial iga proteases are reviewed. these enzymes represent a structurally heterogeneous group of proteins that are secreted into the extracellular environment by bacteria capable of causing human disease. the iga proteases, which vary in their requirements for metal ions, are neutral endopeptidases whose role in the infectious process is not known but whose pronounced substrate specificity for human proteins of the iga1 subclass has repeatedly been demonst ... | 1981 | 6792682 |
| bacterial adhesion in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis. effect of subinhibitory antibiotic concentrations on streptococcal adhesion in vitro and the development of endocarditis in rabbits. | bacterial adhesion to the constituents of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (nbte) is important in the pathogenesis of endocarditis. subinhibitory concentrations (submic) of some antibiotics decrease bacterial adhesion to epithelial cells in vitro. we utilized an in vitro assay system to study the effect of submic of various antibiotics on streptococcal adhesion to a fibrin-platelet matrix (simulating nbte). the results were (a) bacterial adhesion of streptococcus sanguis and streptococcus fa ... | 1981 | 6795232 |
| effect of penicillin on streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis and lactobacilli in hamsters and in man. | the effect of penicillin on the number of oral streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis and lactobacilli in hamsters and in man was investigated. this is of interest as s. mutans and lactobacilli are involved in the carious process while s. sanguis is not. hamsters infected with both s. mutans and s. sanguis or only s. sanguis received penicillin in their drinking water for 14 d. the treatment reduced the proportion of s. mutans and s. sanguis in dental plaque to undetectable levels. after th ... | 1982 | 6810446 |
| common antigens of streptococcal and non-streptococcal oral bacteria: isolation and biochemical characterization of the extracellular protein antigen. | an extracellular soluble common protein (ecp) has been purified from extracellular soluble fractions of exponential phase cultures of streptococcus sanguis omz9, of a representative strain of each of bratthall's seven serological groups of streptococcus mutans, and of one strain each of lactobacillus salivarius and actinomyces viscosus. the ecp antigens from the different strains were prepared from sds-dissociated immunoprecipitates by affinity chromatography on an anti-rabbit immunoglobulin col ... | 1982 | 6816904 |
| [the role of iga in allergic disease]. | within the framework of immunological mechanisms involved in allergic forms, and view of the fact that immunoglobulins represent one of the cardinal points thereof, the attention is focused on the iga, first getting a deeper insight into the current knowledge of their structure and localization, which has recently been added to with some important details. the models set forth are aimed to show the molecular organization of monomeric and polymeric iga, and the functional significance of their di ... | 1982 | 6821451 |
| concentration-dependent multiple binding sites on saliva-treated hydroxyapatite for streptococcus sanguis. | the influence of bacterial cell concentration on estimates of the number of binding sites and the affinity for the adsorption of a strain of streptococcus sanguis to saliva-treated hydroxyapatite was determined, and the possible presence of multiple binding sites for this organism was tested. the range of concentrations of available bacteria varied from 4.7 x 10(6) to 5,960 x 10(6) cells per ml. the numbers of adsorbed bacteria increased over the entire range tested, but a suggestion of a break ... | 1983 | 6822416 |
| influence of growth conditions on adherence of streptococcus mutans ingbritt to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. | streptococcus mutans ingbritt grown under standardized conditions adhered less effectively to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads than did streptococcus sanguis g9b, and there was competition for binding. the results with ingbritt were influenced by the generation time, the ph of growth, and the carbohydrate source as shown by studies on organisms grown in continuous culture. | 1983 | 6822425 |
| effect of penicillin on the adherence of streptococcus sanguis in vitro and in the rabbit model of endocarditis. | the effect of penicillin treatment of streptococcus sanguis in vitro, on subsequent bacterial density in the bloodstream and on cardiac valves in the rabbit model of endocarditis was studied. as experimental tools for this study, isogenic pairs of s. sanguis differing in resistance to streptomycin or rifampin were prepared by genetic transformation. rabbits with traumatized heart valves received an intravenous inoculation of penicillin treated (1 mug/ml) and untreated s. sanguis, each marked by ... | 1983 | 6826729 |
| penicillin therapy of experimental endocarditis induced by tolerant streptococcus sanguis and nontolerant streptococcus mitis. | the response of tolerant streptococcus sanguis and nontolerant streptococcus mitis infections to penicillin therapy was compared in the rabbit model of endocarditis. the minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of penicillin were 0.1 and 0.1 mug/ml, respectively, for s. mitis and 0.05 and 6.2 mug/ml, respectively, for s. sanguis. time-kill studies done in vitro with penicillin concentrations of 2 and 20 mug/ml demonstrated minimal killing of the tolerant strain, with a 3 log difference ... | 1983 | 6830210 |
| production, purification, and properties of a bacteriocin from staphylococcus aureus isolated from saliva. | staphylococci from samples of human saliva were isolated on staphylococcal-selective agar plates. these strains were tested for the inhibition of the growth of staphylococcus aureus fda209p. the frequency of inhibitory strains among all of the staphylococcal isolates was 5.2%. strain iys2, which formed the biggest inhibitory zone against the growth of the indicator strain, was used as the producer of bacteriocin. iys2 was identified to be s. aureus, based on its biological properties. the bacter ... | 1983 | 6832811 |
| hydrophobicity and adherence of oral streptococci after repeated subculture in vitro. | fresh isolates of streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis, and streptococcus salivarius from human dental plaque were all highly hydrophobic. after repeated subculture in vitro on blood agar, strains of s. mutans serotype c showed decreased hydrophobicity, whereas serotype d/g strains did not. parallel to the decreased hydrophobicity in the serotype c strains, an impaired ability to adhere to hydroxyapatite was observed. a similar but less pronounced decrease in hydrophobicity in one s. sang ... | 1983 | 6832836 |
| hydrogen peroxide excretion by oral streptococci and effect of lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen peroxide. | approved type strains of streptococcus sanguis, s. mitis, s. mutans, and s. salivarius were grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. the rate of hydrogen peroxide excretion, oxygen uptake, and acid production from glucose by washed-cell suspensions of these strains were studied, and the levels of enzymes in cell-free extracts which reduced oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, or hypothiocyanite (oscn-) in the presence of nadh or nadph were assayed. the effects of lactoperoxidase-thiocyanate-hydrogen ... | 1983 | 6832837 |
| successful single-dose amoxicillin prophylaxis against experimental streptococcal endocarditis: evidence for two mechanisms of protection. | amoxicillin prophylaxis against experimental endocarditis due to one nontolerant and two tolerant strains of streptococci was studied in rats. single-dose amoxicillin protected against the two tolerant strains in animals challenged with the 90% infective dose (id90), but protection diminished with increasing inoculum sizes. protection against the nontolerant strain was successful with inocula that were 100- and 1,000-fold larger than the id90. close correlation existed between the speed of bacte ... | 1983 | 6833800 |
| therapeutic significance of penicillin tolerance in experimental streptococcal endocarditis. | tolerance to penicillin exists among the viridans group of streptococci, but its therapeutic significance is unknown. we studied the effect of penicillin alone and in combination with streptomycin, in vivo and in vitro, on three strains of dextran-producing streptococcus sanguis serotype ii which possess widely various degrees of penicillin tolerance. in rabbits with experimental endocarditis, treatment with procaine penicillin (250 mg/kg intramuscularly twice daily for 5 days) decreased the num ... | 1983 | 6838188 |
| iga1 half molecules in human multiple myeloma and the in vitro production of similar fragments from intact iga1 molecules. | this paper describes an iga related protein vla which occurred in the serum and urine of a patient with multiple myeloma. the protein was isolated from urine; it had a molecular mass of 70,000 daltons. it was shown to be a two chain iga half molecule, consisting of a deleted alpha heavy chain, with a molecular mass of 42,000 daltons, which was disulphide linked to a normal kappa type light chain. fabc fragments were produced from an unrelated myeloma iga. these had the same biochemical propertie ... | 1983 | 6839548 |
| purification and properties of pyruvate kinase from streptococcus sanguis and activator specificity of pyruvate kinase from oral streptococci. | it was found that pyruvate kinases with two different regulatory characteristics were distributed among oral streptococci. the pyruvate kinases of streptococcus mutans, streptococcus salivarius, and streptococcus bovis were activated by glucose 6-phosphate, whereas the enzymes of both streptococcus sanguis and streptococcus mitis were activated by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. pyruvate kinase (ec 2.7.1.40) from s. sanguis nctc 10904 was purified, giving a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polya ... | 1983 | 6840832 |
| cysteine toxicity for oral streptococci and effect of branched-chain amino acids. | cysteine was bactericidal to strains of streptococcus mutans and s. salivarius in concentrations that were nontoxic to s. sanguis, s. milleri, or s. mitior when these microorganisms were incubated in a saliva protein-based synthetic medium. cysteine toxicity for s. mutans also occurred after incubation in synthetic base medium supplemented with amino acids as the nitrogen source for growth. the bactericidal effect of cysteine for s. mutans or s. salivarius in the saliva protein medium was influe ... | 1983 | 6840837 |
| in vitro antiplaque activity of octenidine dihydrochloride (win 41464-2) against preformed plaques of selected oral plaque-forming microorganisms. | the antibacterial activity of octenidine dihydrochloride (win 41464-2) against intact preformed in vitro plaques of four indigenous oral plaque-forming microorganisms, streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis, actinomyces viscosus, and actinomyces naeslundii, was studied. both absolute (plaque bactericidal index) and relative (chlorhexidine coefficient) indices of antiplaque efficacy were established. octenidine dihydrochloride compared favorably with chlorhexidine digluconate with respect to ... | 1983 | 6847170 |
| common antigens of streptococcal and nonstreptococcal oral bacteria: characterization of wall-associated protein and comparison with extracellular protein antigen. | a soluble wall-associated common protein (wap) has been isolated from cell wall-extracted antigens of exponentially growing cells of streptococcus sanguis omz9, two serotypes (a and e), of streptococcus mutans and actinomyces viscosus omz104. the wap antigens from the different strains were obtained by chromatography on an anti-rabbit immunoglobulin column of sodium dodecyl sulfate-dissociated immunoprecipitates. the affinity-isolated wap antigens from the different oral bacteria were identical, ... | 1983 | 6852918 |
| modulation of bacterial aggregation by pmn and platelet extracts. | human parotid saliva contains agglutinins which bind to the surface of streptococci and induce the formation of bacterial aggregates. bacterial aggregation can be blocked by proteins released from viable pmns and platelets or by sonic extracts prepared from these cells. pmn and platelet inhibitors display characteristic differences in molecular weight, protease, and temperature sensitivity. the mechanism of action of the inhibitors appears to involve a direct interaction with the salivary agglut ... | 1983 | 6862591 |
| interaction of human plasma fibronectin with cariogenic and non-cariogenic oral streptococci. | the interaction of purified human plasma fibronectin (fn) with bacteria was studied with a variety of oral streptococci. each of the strains of streptococcus mutans, streptococcus salivarius, streptococcus sanguis, and streptococcus mitis tested was aggregated by fn to various degrees, depending on the concentration of fn added to the test mixtures. binding assays performed with radiolabeled fn and various strains of streptococci demonstrated various capabilities to bind fn, and the amount of fn ... | 1983 | 6862625 |
| purification and characterization of neutrophil chemotactic factors of streptococcus sanguis. | two neutrophil chemotactic factors were isolated from the culture filtrates of streptococcus sanguis atcc 10556 and were chemically characterized as n-terminal blocked peptides of low molecular weight. one of the factors consisted of proline, valine, methionine, isoleucine and leucine and the other of methionine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine. in both factors, methionine was detected as the sole n-terminal amino acid, but the amino group was blocked. the removal of n-terminal methionine ... | 1983 | 6871247 |
| neuraminidase production by a streptococcus sanguis strain associated with subacute bacterial endocarditis. | the properties of an extracellular neuraminidase produced by a streptococcus sanguis strain (isolated from a confirmed case of subacute bacterial endocarditis) during growth in a defined medium was examined in this investigation. this enzyme, isolated from concentrated culture supernatants of s. sanguis biotype ii, was active against human alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, n-acetylneuramin lactose, bovine submaxillary mucin, and fetuin. neuraminidase production paralleled bacterial growth in defined me ... | 1983 | 6874067 |
| structural preferences of beta-galactoside-reactive lectins on actinomyces viscosus t14v and actinomyces naeslundii wvu45. | specificities of lectins on actinomyces viscosus t14v and actinomyces naeslundii wvu45 were compared by measuring the abilities of d-galactose, n-acetyl-d-galactosamine, 14 beta-d-galacto-oligosaccharides, and 2 beta-d-fuco-oligosaccharides to inhibit coaggregation between streptococcus sanguis 34 and each actinomycete. inhibition profiles were similar, but wvu45 was significantly more sensitive to several inhibitors. d-galactose-beta(1 leads to 3)-n-acetyl-d-galactosamine glycosides were most p ... | 1983 | 6874075 |
| specific coaggregation and the cell wall of streptococcus sanguis. | sacculi prepared from streptococcus sanguis 34 by extensive extraction of cells with hot sodium dodecyl sulfate-2-mercaptoethanol retained the ability to coaggregate with actinomyces viscosus t14v. when s. sanguis 34 was disrupted by homogenization with glass beads and fractionated by differential centrifugation, only the cell wall fraction agglutinated a. viscosus t14v. when strain 34 was treated with lysozyme, the coaggregating capability of the cells was essentially unaltered. sacculi prepare ... | 1983 | 6874647 |
| genetic transformation in streptococcus sanguis. kinetics of production in different media and specific interaction of competence factor and competence factor inactivator. | the production and the persistence of competence factor (cf) and competence factor inactivator (cfi) of four different strains of streptococcus sanguis in three media (todd hewitt broth, medium ii and medium iv) have been examined with respect to kinetics. both the medium used and the strains examined offered implications on the activities of cf and cfi. cf was not detectable in the culture filtrates of strains wicky (nctc 9124) and 445. strain blackburn (nctc 10231) showed activity only in todd ... | 1983 | 6880744 |
| comparative hydrophobicities of oral bacteria and their adherence to salivary pellicles. | oral bacteria were found to differ in their surface hydrophobicities as determined by their ability to adsorb to hexadecane. strains of actinomyces viscosus, a. naeslundii, streptococcus sanguis, s. mitis, and bacteroides gingivalis proved highly hydrophobic. strains of b. intermedius, s. salivarius, s. mutans, and b. melaninogenicus were less hydrophobic, whereas strains of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans were hydrophilic. an overall correlation was noted between the adsorption of bacteria ... | 1983 | 6885158 |
| significance of penicillin tolerance in vivo: prevention of experimental streptococcus sanguis endocarditis. | to determine whether in-vitro tolerance to penicillin among viridans streptococci influences the efficacy of penicillin in vivo, we studied four strains of dextran-producing. streptococcus sanguis serotype ii. all four strains were inhibited in vitro by 0.1 mg/l penicillin or less; one was not-tolerant, one intermediate, and two were tolerant to the lethal action of penicillin. the combination of penicillin and streptomycin killed all strains completely within 24 h in vitro. sera from rabbits in ... | 1983 | 6885680 |
| role of streptococcus sanguis (strain wicky) cell surface-located deoxyribonucleic acid-binding factor in transformation of a homologous strain. | in a previous report we demonstrated the presence of a factor binding deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) in vitro (bf) in cell leakage fluids from transformable streptococcus sanguis strains wicky, challis, and blackburn. bf originating from strain wicky was purified to homogeneity, and its properties are described. in this work, it was found that bf occurs at the surface of wicky cells in two forms, loosely bound (lb-bf) and strongly bound to the cell envelope. it was demonstrated that lb-bf formed fa ... | 1981 | 6894295 |
| electron microscopic mapping of deletions on a streptococcal plasmid carrying extraordinarily long inverted repeats. | deletions delta 101, delta 102, and delta 103 which occurred within the extraordinarily long inverted repeats of the self-ligated large ecori fragment of the streptococcal mls (macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin b)-resistance plasmid psm19035 led to the formation of plasmids pdb101, pdb102, and pdb103. their molecular lengths were determined by contour length measurements to be 17.8, 17.4, and 13.9 kb, respectively. electron microscopic examination of self-annealed molecules revealed stem-l ... | 1980 | 6927813 |
| an in vitro model for studying adsorption of oral streptococci to crown and bridge cements. | a sensitive, in vitro method has been developed for the study of bacterial adsorption to dental crown and bridge cements. the method employs heavily radiolabelled cells which adhere to the wall in wells made from the cements. loss of radioactivity from the bacterial suspension during incubation is used to measure the degree of bacterial adherence to the materials. strains of streptococcus sanguis and streptococcus mutans adhered in greater numbers than a strain of streptococcus salivarius to bot ... | 1980 | 6928441 |
| effects of chlorhexidine and iodine on in vitro plaques of streptococcus mutans and streptococcus sanguis. | both chlorhexidine and iodine showed greater antimicrobial effect on in vitro grown s. mutans plaque than on plaque composed of s. sanguis. one treatment with iodine for 8 min inhibited the acid production of s. mutans plaque whereas s. sanguis plaque required 20 min to be similarly affected. in contrast one treatment with chlorhexidine for up to 20 min did not completely inhibit the acid production of plaque of either microorganism. repeated short term exposures increased the bactericidal effec ... | 1980 | 6929083 |
| effect of electrical potential on the adherence of streptococcus sanguis to gold plate. | 1980 | 6929822 | |
| hydrolysis of milk oligosaccharides by the oral bacterium streptococcus sanguis atcc 10557. | 1980 | 6931556 | |
| adherence of oral streptococci to hydroxyapatite in vitro via glycerol-teichoic acid. | 1980 | 6931558 | |
| in vitro development of chlorhexidine resistance in streptococcus sanguis and its transmissibility by genetic transformation. | three chlorhexidine-sensitive strains of streptococcus sanguis developed resistance to chlorhexidine when grown as continuous cultures in a fermenter containing medium with increasing concentrations of the drug. the mic of the test strains increased by between two and three dilution steps and these high values were maintained after daily transfer in drug-free medium for at least 15 d. in addition, the resistance of one of the strains persisted for more than 1 month of continuous growth in drug-c ... | 1980 | 6932090 |
| interaction of parotid saliva basic glycoprotein with streptococcus sanguis atcc 10557. | it is postulated that an initial step in dental plaque formation is the adherence of oral bacteria to the salivary pellicle. recently, we have found that a proline-rich and basic glycoprotein (mgp) from human parotid saliva, which is successfully purified by concanavalin a-sepharose affinity chromatography, binds to some oral streptococci such as s. mitis and s. sanguis. this paper deals with some inhibitors which affect the binding of the mgp to s. sanguis atcc 10557. the assay for the binding ... | 1980 | 6932503 |
| relationship between saliva and serum agglutination titers and post-irradiation caries activity in cancer patients. | agglutination titers in 444 saliva and 481 serum samples from 36 head and neck cancer patients and 16 control subjects were determined against formalinized cellular antigens of streptococcus and lactobacillus species. saliva agglutination titers were significantly higher in cancer patients before radiotherapy than in control subjects. changes in specific saliva agglutination titers to oral isolates following radiotherapy reflected changes in saliva iga and post-irradiation caries activity. patie ... | 1981 | 6934185 |
| switches in macromolecular synthesis during induction of competence for transformation of streptococcus sanguis. | the induction of synchronous development of competence for genetic transformation in streptococcus sanguis, by either endogenous or exogenous competence factor (cf), is manifested in the transient synthesis of a new set of at least 10 polypeptides, ranging from 14,000 to 51,000 in molecular weight. eight polypeptides (e14, e16, e24, e28, e32, e37, e44, e51) appear early, and two polypeptides (l34, l42) appear 5-10 min later. one of the newly synthesized early polypeptides, e16, is shown to be a ... | 1980 | 6934531 |
| isolation of hemagglutinin from streptococcus sanguis atcc 10557. | 1980 | 6935255 | |
| fluoride accumulation by oral microorganisms. | ten laboratory strains of oral microorganisms and 17 recent clinical isolates were examined for their ability to concentrate fluoride from a 1 ppm (0.05 mm naf( fluoride solution. the laboratory strains concentrated the ion from two- to six-fold over the surrounding media. clinical isolates of actinomyces concentrated the ion to similar levels to the laboratory strains of this organism; however, clinical isolates of streptococcus mutans and s. sanguis concentrated the fluoride significantly less ... | 1981 | 6936461 |
| establishment of potentially cariogenic streptococci in an experimental human plaque. i: streptococcus mutans. | streptococcus mutans (streptomycin resistant) was seeded to enamel slabs in the intraoral cariogenicity test (ict). after seven days in vivo, s. mutans comprised 58% of the total streptococci in the seeded plaque, compared to approximately 1% for the non-seeded control plaque. seeding s. mutans to the ict resulted in a change in the proportion of total streptococci in plaques, but no difference in ict caries compared to control slabs was recorded. | 1980 | 6937491 |
| microbiological, ultrastructural and spectroscopic analyses of the anti-tooth-plaque properties of fluoride compounds in vitro. | 1980 | 6944012 | |
| [the isolation and partial characterization of neutrophil chemotactic factor from an oral bacterium, streptococcus sanguis (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 6945350 | |
| in vitro effect of tobacco on the growth of oral cariogenic streptococci. | most pouch and plug chewing tobaccos with high sugar contents are able to support the growth of s mutans and s sanguis in vitro. snuff and unprocessed tobacco, although not able to stimulate growth of these organisms, do not inhibit growth. inhibitory agents present in tobacco leaves do not preclude use of tobacco sugars by the organisms tested. because factors other than bacterial populations play an important role in caries initiation, clinical studies are needed to identify the effects of com ... | 1981 | 6946137 |
| salivary composition, phenytoin ingestion and gingival overgrowth. | unstimulated and stimulated whole and unstimulated and stimulated parotid saliva were collected from subjected in three groups: i, control; ii, seizure subjects ingesting phenytoin and without gingival overgrowth; iii, seizure subjects receiving phenytoin and with grades 1 and 2 gingival overgrowth. unstimulated whole saliva was obtained from mentally retarded donors with grade 3 phenytoin associated gingival overgrowth. the samples were analyzed for protein, lysozyme, lactoperoxidase, lactoferr ... | 1981 | 6946208 |
| plasmid transformation of streptococcus sanguis (challis) occurs by circular and linear molecules. | transformation of streptococcus sanguis (challis) by antibiotic resistance plasmids has shown that (a) competence developed with identical kinetics for chromosomal and plasmid dna; (b) dependence of transformant yield on plasmid dna concentration was second order; (c) open circular plasmid dna transformed challis, although at reduced frequency, (d) linearization of plasmid dna by restriction enzymes cutting at unique sites inactivated the transforming capacity; (e) transforming activity was rest ... | 1981 | 6946273 |
| preliminary fractionation of fluoride-binding constituents of human oral streptococcus sanguis. | 1981 | 6946742 | |
| ultrasonic dispersion of pure cultures of plaque bacteria and plaque. | this study compared the sonic sensitivity of 12 gram-negative and two gram-positive bacteria commonly encountered in plaque associated with periodontal diseases. pure bacterial cultures were grown to standard turbidity, diluted in 1/4 strength prereduced anaerobically sterilized ringer's solution, and aliquots dispersed for 0-180 s, using an mse sonic oscillator at 6 micron under 80% n2, 10% h2 and 10% co2. viable recoveries were determined on anaerobically cultured trypticase soy 5% blood agar ... | 1981 | 6947390 |
| genetic transfer of markers for sorbitol (d-glucitol) metabolism in oral streptococci. | 1981 | 6947740 | |
| the effect of media containing sucrose and its constituent monosaccharides on the ability of streptococci to form dental plaque-like deposits on nichrome steel wire in vitro. | 1981 | 6947746 | |
| uptake of fluoride and its inhibitory effects in oral microorganisms in culture. | 1981 | 6947766 | |
| a comparative study of enzymes involved in glucose phosphorylation in oral streptococci. | the properties of two enzymes involved in the phosphorylation of glucose were studied in three oral streptococci species. the glucokinase of streptococcus mutans had a lower affinity for glucose and atp than did those from s. salivarius and s. sanguis. the enzyme had an identical ph optimum (ph 8.0) in all three bacteria. however, the result from the phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system showed a different pattern when its activity was measured using 2-deoxyglucose with toluenized cells. ... | 1982 | 6948019 |
| microbial adhesion to surfaces with different surface charges. | the adhesion behaviour of streptococcus sanguis was studied on well-defined stearic and behenic acid multilayers which were prepared by depositing fatty acids on a solid substrate according to the langmuir-blodgett technique. using this technique and by adjustment of the substrate ph it was possible to form outer surfaces consisting of either close-packed methyl or carboxyl end-groups. thus adhesion was studied on non-polar surfaces formed by the methyl end-groups and on high density negatively ... | 1981 | 6948486 |
| oral flora of children with "nursing bottle caries". | s. mutans averaged about 60% of the total cultivable flora of dental plaque obtained from caries lesions, white spot margins of these lesions, or clinically-sound areas of upper anterior teeth, and averaged about 27% in plaque from mostly clinically-sound areas of posterior teeth of six children with nursing bottle caries; its concentrations in saliva averaged about 10% of the total cultivable flora. nearly all of 107 isolated s. mutans strains belonged to the serotype group c/e/f. the proportio ... | 1982 | 6948854 |
| a microbiological analysis of human early carious and non-carious fissures. | the fissure sampling technique consisted of removing the fissure using a bur in a high-speed handpiece with water spray and then suctioning the fissural contents and the water spray into a sterile sampling container. sixty-eight teeth were sampled. total bacterial counts, total streptococcal counts, and counts of streptococcus mutans, streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus faecalis, actinomyces viscosus, and lactobacilli were performed on the fissural samples. there was a four-fold increase in the ... | 1982 | 6949945 |
| surface fibrils may be responsible for the salivary glycoprotein-mediated aggregation of the oral bacterium streptococcus sanguis. | 1981 | 6950710 | |
| effect of ph and some reagents on the sucrose-independent non-specific sorption of the oral bacterium streptococcus mutans to glass. | 1981 | 6950717 | |
| the effect of fluoride on the acid production of streptococcus mutans and other oral streptococci. | the influence of fluoride on the acid production of streptococcal strains was examined using an established method for the determination of acid production by microorganisms. the inhibitory effects of fluoride on acid production increased when the ph dropped from 5.5 to 4.0. a concentration of 5 ppm fluoride inhibited the acid production activity of streptococcus mutants at ph 5 and below. susceptibility to fluoride varied among streptococcal strains. these results suggest that fluoride in denta ... | 1982 | 6951312 |
| ionic interaction of oral streptococcal bacteria studied by partition in an aqueous polymer two-phase system. | the net surface charge of various oral streptococci were assessed by aqueous two-phase partitioning in a dextran-polyethylene glycol system. great variability was found among individual strains within all species tested. type 1 strains of streptococcus sanguis serotypes which have been found to be more adherent, exposed a lower negative net surface charge than type 2 strains. | 1981 | 6951510 |
| a competence specific inducible protein promotes in vivo recombination in streptococcus sanguis. | we describe the first example of a recombination-specific protein induced during the development of competence for transformation in streptococcus sanguis. elaborated in response to stimulation by competence-protein, the 51,000 molecular weight (mw) polypeptide is one of at least 10 new polypeptides transiently induced during the competence phase. biochemical and genetic analyses of the parental, cipa+ (competence specific inducible polypeptide a), and mutant, cipa, strains have shown that the 5 ... | 1982 | 6953305 |
| blood-group-reactive glycoprotein from human saliva interacts with lipoteichoic acid on the surface of streptococcus sanguis cells. | [3h]-glycerol-labelled lipoteichoic acid (lta) was extracted from streptococcus sanguis cells using aqueous phenol. chemical analysis of the lta yielded phosphate:glycerol:glucose:fatty acids in the mole ratio 1.0:0.97:0.76:0.03. the lta inhibited the interaction between strep. sanguis cells and a high mol. wt blood-group-reactive glycoprotein (bgr-glycoprotein) isolated from human saliva and reduced strep. sanguis-mediated haemagglutination activity. purified lta from strep. mutans strains omz6 ... | 1982 | 6953942 |