Publications

TitleAbstractYear
Filter
PMID(sorted ascending)
Filter
bacteria as trigger for chronic gastrointestinal disorders.apart from acute infections, microorganisms may also induce or perpetuate chronic inflammatory diseases and reversible or irreversible proliferation of various cells in the gastrointestinal tract (the extreme being adenocarcinoma and lymphoma). helicobacter pylori is not only involved in the pathogenesis of lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma. the steps and mechanisms of the carcinogenic process involve host predisposition, environmental factors, and strain virulence. the steps of lymphoma genes ...201121734380
identification and characterization of potential performance-related gut microbiotas in broiler chickens across various feeding trials.three broiler feeding trials were investigated in order to identify gut bacteria consistently linked with improvements in bird performance as measured by feed efficiency. trials were done in various geographic locations and varied in diet composition, broiler breed, and bird age. gut microbial communities were investigated using microbial profiling. eight common performance-linked operational taxonomic units (otus) were identified within both the ilea (180, 492, and 564-566) and ceca (140-142, 2 ...201121742925
diets supplemented with chickpea or its main oligosaccharide component raffinose modify faecal microbial composition in healthy adults.the effects of diets supplemented with either chickpea or its main oligosaccharide raffinose on the composition of the faecal microbial community were examined in 12 healthy adults (18-65 years) in a randomised crossover intervention study. subjects consumed their usual diet supplemented with soups and desserts that were unfortified, or fortified with either 200 g/d of canned chickpeas or 5 g/d of raffinose for 3 week periods. changes in faecal bacterial populations of subjects were examined usi ...201021831757
relationship between human intestinal dendritic cells, gut microbiota, and disease activity in crohn's disease.altered intestinal dendritic cell (dc) function underlies dysregulated t-cell responses to bacteria in crohn's disease (cd) but it is unclear whether composition of the intestinal microbiota impacts local dc function. we assessed the relationship between dc function with disease activity and intestinal microbiota in patients with cd.201121910165
high-level dietary fibre up-regulates colonic fermentation and relative abundance of saccharolytic bacteria within the human faecal microbiota in vitro.background: health authorities around the world advise citizens to increase their intake of foods rich in dietary fibre because of its inverse association with chronic disease. however, a few studies have measured the impact of increasing mixed dietary fibres directly on the composition of the human gut microbiota. aims of the study: we studied the impact of high-level mixed dietary fibre intake on the human faec ...201121952691
Decreased colonization of fecal Clostridium coccoides/Eubacterium rectale species from ulcerative colitis patients in an in vitro dynamic gut model with mucin environment.The mucus layer in the colon, acting as a barrier to prevent invasion of pathogens, is thinner and discontinuous in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). A recent developed in vitro dynamic gut model, the M-SHIME, was used to compare long-term colonization of the mucin layer by the microbiota from six healthy volunteers (HV) and six UC patients and thus distinguish the mucin adhered from the luminal microbiota. Although under the same nutritional conditions, short-chain fatty acid production by ...201122092917
cultured representatives of two major phylogroups of human colonic faecalibacterium prausnitzii can utilize pectin, uronic acids, and host-derived substrates for growth.faecalibacterium prausnitzii is one of the most abundant commensal bacteria in the healthy human large intestine, but information on genetic diversity and substrate utilization is limited. here, we examine the phylogeny, phenotypic characteristics, and influence of gut environmental factors on growth of f. prausnitzii strains isolated from healthy subjects. phylogenetic analysis based on the 16s rrna sequences indicated that the cultured strains were representative of f. prausnitzii sequences de ...201222101049
smokers with active crohn's disease have a clinically relevant dysbiosis of the gastrointestinal microbiota.background: patients with crohn's disease (cd) have an intestinal dysbiosis with components of the microbiota exerting differential immune effects. smoking is associated with an increased incidence of cd, more frequent relapse, and greater burden of surgery. this study aimed to investigate the association between smoking and the intestinal microbiota in patients with active cd. methods: patients with active cd (n = 103) and healthy controls (n = 66) were recruited and demographic and clinical da ...201122102318
Influence of dietary blueberry and broccoli on cecal microbiota activity and colon morphology in mdr1a(-/-) mice, a model of inflammatory bowel diseases.OBJECTIVE: Enteric microbiota has been shown to be associated with various pathological conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory colonic effects of blueberries and broccoli in mdr1a(-/-) mice (IBD mouse model) through modification of microbiota composition in the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS: The mdr1a(-/-) mice were fed either a control diet or the control diet supplemented with either 10% blueberry or broccoli for 21 wk. We inv ...201122113065
common biostructure of the colonic microbiota in neuroendocrine tumors and crohn's disease and the effect of therapy.background: the aims were to comparatively investigate the biostructure of colonic microbiota in patients with neuroendocrine tumors and crohn's disease (cd) and to study the response of the microbiota to therapy. methods: sections of fecal cylinders from 66 patients with neuroendocrine tumors (net; 25 foregut, 30 midgut, 11 hindgut), 50 patients with cd (crohn's disease activity index [cdai] ≥150), and 30 patients with chronic idiopathic diarrhea seen at the charité hospital and 25 healthy cont ...201122113988
faecal microbiota composition in vegetarians: comparison with omnivores in a cohort of young women in southern india.the effect of vegetarian diets on faecal microbiota has been explored largely through culture-based techniques. the present study compared the faecal microbiota of vegetarian and omnivorous young women in southern india. faecal samples were obtained from thirty-two lacto-vegetarian and twenty-four omnivorous young adult women from a similar social and economic background. macronutrient intake and anthropometric data were collected. faecal microbiota of interest was quantified by real-time pcr wi ...201122182464
Changes in Human Fecal Microbiota Due to Chemotherapy Analyzed by TaqMan-PCR, 454 Sequencing and PCR-DGGE Fingerprinting.We investigated whether chemotherapy with the presence or absence of antibiotics against different kinds of cancer changed the gastrointestinal microbiota.201122194876
changes of gut bacteria and immune parameters in liver transplant recipients.liver transplantation is one of the most effective therapeutic options for patients with end-stage liver diseases, and gut microbiota is actively involved in potential infections in pretransplant and posttransplant patients. however, the diversity of gut microbiota and its relationship with the immune parameter of liver transplantation recipients are not well understood.201222251469
increase in fecal primary bile acids and dysbiosis in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is a multifactorial disease for which a dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been described. bile acids (ba) could play a role as they are endogenous laxatives and are metabolized by gut microbiota. we compared fecal ba profiles and microbiota in healthy subjects (hs) and patients with diarrhea-predominant ibs (ibs-d), and we searched for an association with symptoms.201222356587
the gut anaerobe faecalibacterium prausnitzii uses an extracellular electron shuttle to grow at oxic-anoxic interphases.faecalibacterium prausnitzii is one of the most abundant bacteria in the human gut ecosystem and it is an important supplier of butyrate to the colonic epithelium. low numbers of faecalibacteria have been associated with inflammatory bowel disease. despite being extremely oxygen sensitive, f. prausnitzii is found adherent to the gut mucosa where oxygen diffuses from epithelial cells. this paradox is now explained on the basis of gas tube experiments, flavin-dependent reduction of 5,5'-dithiobis- ...201222357539
the type and quantity of dietary fat and carbohydrate alter faecal microbiome and short-chain fatty acid excretion in a metabolic syndrome 'at-risk' population.an obese-type human microbiota with an increased firmicutes:bacteroidetes ratio has been described that may link the gut microbiome with obesity and metabolic syndrome (mets) development. dietary fat and carbohydrate are modifiable risk factors that may impact on mets by altering the human microbiome composition. we determined the effect of the amount and type of dietary fat and carbohydrate on faecal bacteria and short chain fatty acid (scfa) concentrations in people 'at risk' of mets.201322410962
the antimicrobial action of chitosan, low molar mass chitosan, and chitooligosaccharides on human colonic bacteria.antibacterial effect of chitooligosaccharides (cos) and low molar mass chitosans (lmwc) is considered as one of the most important characteristics of chitosan (cs) hydrolysates. here, we show the in vitro effect of different cos, lmwc, and cs on representative anaerobic bacteria isolated from human colon as a possibility of targeting modification of colonic microflora composition by supplementation of dietary cs products by humans. specific growth rate of seven selected nonpathogenic anaerobic b ...201222528310
mucosa-associated bacteria in two middle-aged women diagnosed with collagenous colitis.to characterize the colon microbiota in two women histologically diagnosed with collagenous colitis using a culture-independent method.201222529692
molecular-phylogenetic characterization of the microbiota in ulcerated and non-ulcerated regions in the patients with crohn's disease.the dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota has been established in crohn's disease (cd), but the molecular characterization of this dysbiosis in chinese subjects with cd remains unclear. this study aims to investigate the predominant bacterial composition of the faecal and mucosal-associated microbiota in chinese cd patients using culture-independent techniques.201222529960
how can faecalibacterium prausnitzii employ riboflavin for extracellular electron transfer?faecalibacterium prausnitzii is one of the most abundant commensal microbes in the human gut. it is an important supplier of butyrate to the colonic epithelium, and low numbers of faecalibacteria have been associated with severe inflammatory bowel disease. previous studies revealed that f. prausnitzii shuttles electrons extracellularly to oxygen in systems containing flavins and thiols. since this electron shuttling to oxygen strongly stimulates growth, the present studies were aimed at elucidat ...201222607129
454 pyrosequencing reveals a shift in fecal microbiota of healthy adult men consuming polydextrose or soluble corn fiber.the relative contribution of novel fibers such as polydextrose and soluble corn fiber (scf) to the human gut microbiome and its association with host physiology has not been well studied. this study was conducted to test the impact of polydextrose and scf on the composition of the human gut microbiota using 454 pyrosequencing and to identify associations among fecal microbiota and fermentative end-products. healthy adult men (n = 20) with a mean dietary fiber (df) intake of 14 g/d were enrolled ...201222649263
unbalance of intestinal microbiota in atopic children.playing a strategic role in the host immune function, the intestinal microbiota has been recently hypothesized to be involved in the etiology of atopy. in order to investigate the gastrointestinal microbial ecology of atopic disease, here we performed a pilot comparative molecular analysis of the faecal microbiota in atopic children and healthy controls.201222672413
inflammatory bowel diseases phenotype, c. difficile and nod2 genotype are associated with shifts in human ileum associated microbial composition.we tested the hypothesis that crohn's disease (cd)-related genetic polymorphisms involved in host innate immunity are associated with shifts in human ileum-associated microbial composition in a cross-sectional analysis of human ileal samples. sanger sequencing of the bacterial 16s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene and 454 sequencing of 16s rrna gene hypervariable regions (v1-v3 and v3-v5), were conducted on macroscopically disease-unaffected ileal biopsies collected from 52 ileal cd, 58 ulcerative colit ...201222719818
sensitivity of pathogenic and commensal bacteria from the human colon to essential oils.the microbiota of the intestinal tract plays an important role in colonic health, mediating many effects of dietary components on colonic health and during enteric infections. in the context of the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance in gut bacteria, complementary therapies are required for the prevention and treatment of enteric infections. here we report the potential application of essential oils (eo) and pure eo compounds to improve human gut health. nerolidol, thymol, eugenol and ...201222878397
comparison of bacterial quantities in left and right colon biopsies and faeces.to compare quantities of predominant and pathogenic bacteria in mucosal and faecal samples.201222969206
metagenomic sequencing of the human gut microbiome before and after bariatric surgery in obese patients with type 2 diabetes: correlation with inflammatory and metabolic parameters.roux-en-y gastric bypass (rygb) has become a prominent therapeutic option for long-term treatment of morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2d). cross talk and pathogenetic consequences of rygb-induced profound effects on metabolism and gut microbiome are poorly understood. the aim of the present study therefore was to characterize intra-individual changes of gut microbial composition before and 3 months after rygb by metagenomic sequencing in morbidly obese patients (body mass index (bmi ...201323032991
microbiota of de-novo pediatric ibd: increased faecalibacterium prausnitzii and reduced bacterial diversity in crohn's but not in ulcerative colitis.the gastrointestinal microbiota is considered important in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) pathogenesis. discoveries from established disease cohorts report reduced bacterial diversity, changes in bacterial composition, and a protective role for faecalibacterium prausnitzii in crohn's disease (cd). the majority of studies to date are however potentially confounded by the effect of treatment and a reliance on established rather than de-novo disease.201223044767
in vitro fermentation of commercial α-gluco-oligosaccharide by faecal microbiota from lean and obese human subjects.the fermentation selectivity of a commercial source of a-gluco-oligosaccharides (bioecolians; solabia) was investigated in vitro. fermentation by faecal bacteria from four lean and four obese healthy adults was determined in anaerobic, ph-controlled faecal batch cultures. inulin was used as a positive prebiotic control. samples were obtained at 0, 10, 24 and 36 h for bacterial enumeration by fluorescent in situ hybridisation and scfa analyses. gas production during fermentation was investigated ...201323116939
insight into the prebiotic concept: lessons from an exploratory, double blind intervention study with inulin-type fructans in obese women.to highlight the contribution of the gut microbiota to the modulation of host metabolism by dietary inulin-type fructans (itf prebiotics) in obese women.201323135760
decreased abundance of faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the gut microbiota of crohn's disease.dysbiosis is thought to be relevant to the etiology and pathogenesis of crohn's disease (cd). in this study, we investigated the abundance of faecalibacterium prausnitzii, as well as bilophila wadsworthia, in the gut microbiota of japanese cd patients.201323216550
a diet high in resistant starch modulates microbiota composition, scfa concentrations, and gene expression in pig intestine.resistant starch (rs) is highly fermentable by microbiota in the colon, resulting in the production of scfas. rs is thought to mediate a large proportion of its health benefits, including increased satiety, through the actions of scfas. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a diet high in rs on luminal microbiota composition, luminal scfa concentrations, and the expression of host genes involved in scfa uptake, scfa signaling, and satiety regulation in mucosal tissue obtained f ...201323325922
clostridium leptum group bacteria abundance and diversity in the fecal microbiota of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study in india.alterations in the fecal bacterial flora occur in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). we examined the abundance and diversity of clostridium leptum group, an important group of carbohydrate-fermenting bacteria, in the feces of patients with ibd and compared them with healthy controls.201323351032
effect of lactobacillus salivarius ls-33 on fecal microbiota in obese adolescents.this study is a part of the clinical trials with probiotic bacterium lactobacillus salivarius ls-33 conducted in obese adolescents. previously reported clinical studies showed no effect of ls-33 consumption on the metabolic syndrome in the subject group. the aim of the study was to investigate the impact of l. salivarius ls-33 on fecal microbiota in obese adolescents.201323510724
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) allelic variants relate to shifts in faecal microbiota of cystic fibrosis patients.in this study we investigated the effects of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) gene variants on the composition of faecal microbiota, in patients affected by cystic fibrosis (cf). cftr mutations (f508del is the most common) lead to a decreased secretion of chloride/water, and to mucus sticky secretions, in pancreas, respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. intestinal manifestations are underestimated in cf, leading to ileum meconium at birth, or small bowel bacterial ...201323613805
the more the merrier: faecalibacterium prausnitzii in crohn's disease. 201323614339
faecalibacterium prausnitzii upregulates regulatory t cells and anti-inflammatory cytokines in treating tnbs-induced colitis.faecalibacterium prausnitzii (f. prausnitzii) is a common anaerobic bacteria colonized in the human gut and inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) patients are usually lack of f. prausnitzii. the aims of this study were to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory capacity of f. prausnitzii by comparing it with bifidobacterium longum (b. longum) in both cellular and animal experiments.201323643066
fecal microbial diversity in pre-weaned dairy calves as described by pyrosequencing of metagenomic 16s rdna. associations of faecalibacterium species with health and growth.in this study, we use barcoded pyrosequencing of the 16s rrna gene to characterize the fecal microbiota of neonatal calves and identify possible relationships of certain microbiota profiles with health and weight gain. fecal samples were obtained weekly from 61 calves from birth until weaning (seventh week of the calves' life). firmicutes was the most prevalent phylum, with a prevalence ranging from 63.84% to 81.90%, followed by bacteroidetes (8.36% to 23.93%), proteobacteria (3.72% to 9.75%), f ...201323646192
bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and faecalibacterium prausnitzii influence the production of mucus glycans and the development of goblet cells in the colonic epithelium of a gnotobiotic model rodent.the intestinal mucus layer plays a key role in the maintenance of host-microbiota homeostasis. to document the crosstalk between the host and microbiota, we used gnotobiotic models to study the influence of two major commensal bacteria, bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and faecalibacterium prausnitzii, on this intestinal mucus layer. b. thetaiotaomicron is known to use polysaccharides from mucus, but its effect on goblet cells has not been addressed so far. f. prausnitzii is of particular physiologi ...201323692866
colonisation by faecalibacterium prausnitzii and maintenance of clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis.although incrimination of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of ibd is widely accepted, few data are available about the role of specific bacteria. potentially, faecalibacterium prausnitzii, bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties, might be deficient in ulcerative colitis (uc).201323725320
intestinal microbiota: a source of novel biomarkers in inflammatory bowel diseases?the human intestine harbours a complex microbial ecosystem that performs manifold functions important to the nutrition and health of its host. extensive study has revealed that the composition of the intestinal microbiota is altered in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). the ibd associated intestinal microbiota generally has reduced species richness and diversity, lower temporal stability, and disruption of the secreted mucus layer structure. multiple studies have identified certa ...201323768552
faecalibacterium prausnitzii and crohn's disease - is there any connection?the aim of the study was evaluation of the correlation between the level of clinical activity of crohn's disease (cd) and the number of faecalibacterium prausnitzii, total number of bacteria and the concentration of selected short chain fatty acids (scfa) in stool. 34 individuals diagnosed with crohn's disease participated in this study in 2011. the disease activity was determined according to the crohn disease activity index (cdai). the number of faecalibacterium prausnitzii and total number of ...201323829084
faecalibacterium prausnitzii and human intestinal health.faecalibacterium prausnitzii is the most abundant bacterium in the human intestinal microbiota of healthy adults, representing more than 5% of the total bacterial population. over the past five years, an increasing number of studies have clearly described the importance of this highly metabolically active commensal bacterium as a component of the healthy human microbiota. changes in the abundance of f. prausnitzii have been linked to dysbiosis in several human disorders. administration of f. pra ...201323831042
arabinogalactan and fructo-oligosaccharides have a different fermentation profile in the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (shime ®).current prebiotics, such as fructo-oligosaccharides (fos), are limited in their persistence in the distal colon and are predominantly fermented in the proximal colon. in order to identify a potential alternative, the differences in the fermentation profile of arabinogalactan (ag) and fos have been assessed in the simulator of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem. the effect of each product on the composition and activity of the microbial community was analysed during a 3-week treatment perio ...201323864575
prebiotic stimulation of human colonic butyrate-producing bacteria and bifidobacteria, in vitro.dietary macronutrients affect the composition of the gut microbiota, and prebiotics are used to improve and maintain a healthy gut. the impact of prebiotics on dominant gut bacteria other than bifidobacteria, however, is under-researched. here, we report carbohydrate utilisation patterns for representative butyrate-producing anaerobes, belonging to the gram-positive firmicutes families lachnospiraceae and ruminococcaceae, by comparison with selected bacteroides and bifidobacterium species. growt ...201423909466
commentary: is faecalibacterium prausnitzii a potential treatment for maintaining remission in ulcerative colitis? 201323937459
faecalibacterium prausnitzii supernatant improves intestinal barrier function in mice dss colitis.objective. the intestinal microbiota plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). faecalibacterium prausnitzii (fp) is underrepresented in ibd patients and have been suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects in mice. increased intestinal permeability is common in ibd but the relationship between fp and intestinal barrier function has not been investigated. our aim was to study treatment with fp supernatant on intestinal barrier function in a dextran sodium ...201323971882
human gut microbiota changes reveal the progression of glucose intolerance.to explore the relationship of gut microbiota with the development of type 2 diabetes (t2dm), we analyzed 121 subjects who were divided into 3 groups based on their glucose intolerance status: normal glucose tolerance (ngt; n = 44), prediabetes (pre-dm; n = 64), or newly diagnosed t2dm (n = 13). gut microbiota characterizations were determined with 16s rdna-based high-throughput sequencing. t2dm-related dysbiosis was observed, including the separation of microbial communities and a change of alp ...201324013136
a decrease of the butyrate-producing species roseburia hominis and faecalibacterium prausnitzii defines dysbiosis in patients with ulcerative colitis.bacteria play an important role in the onset and perpetuation of intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). unlike in crohn's disease (cd), in which dysbiosis has been better characterised, in ulcerative colitis (uc), only small cohorts have been studied and showed conflicting data. therefore, we evaluated in a large cohort if the microbial signature described in cd is also present in uc, and if we could characterise predominant dysbiosis in uc. to assess the functional impact ...201424021287
temporal bacterial community dynamics vary among ulcerative colitis patients after fecal microbiota transplantation.fecal microbiota transplantation (fmt) from healthy donors, which is an effective alternative for treatment of clostridium difficile-associated disease, is being considered for several disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and metabolic syndrome. disease remission upon fmt is thought to be facilitated by an efficient colonization of healthy donor microbiota, but knowledge of the composition and temporal stability of patient microbiota after fmt is lacking.201324060759
xylo-oligosaccharides and inulin affect genotoxicity and bacterial populations differently in a human colonic simulator challenged with soy protein.high dietary intakes of some protein sources, including soy protein, can increase colonic dna damage in animals, whereas some carbohydrates attenuate this. we investigated whether inulin and xylo-oligosaccharides (xos) could be protective against dna strand breaks by adding them to a human colonic simulator consisting of a proximal vessel (pv) (ph 5.5) and a distal vessel (dv) (ph 6.8) inoculated with human faeces and media containing soy protein. genotoxicity of the liquid phase and microbial p ...201324064573
future for probiotic science in functional food and dietary supplement development.the purpose of this study is to provide an update of probiotic science evolving from classical approaches to the development of next-generation probiotics, parallel to advances in the understanding of the complexity of the gut microbiome and its role in human health.201324071779
starch structure modulates metabolic activity and gut microbiota profile.normal maize starch and high amylose maize starch (has) either in native or thermally treated forms were used to investigate the effect of starch structure on the production of metabolites and gut microbiota profile using an anaerobic in vitro system. the changes in starch structure during fermentation were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (sem), high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (ftir). the native normal starch showed a por ...201324113693
resistant starch induces catabolic but suppresses immune and cell division pathways and changes the microbiome in the proximal colon of male pigs.consumption of resistant starch (rs) has been associated with various intestinal health benefits, but knowledge of its effects on global gene expression in the colon is limited. the main objective of the current study was to identify genes affected by rs in the proximal colon to infer which biologic pathways were modulated. ten 17-wk-old male pigs, fitted with a cannula in the proximal colon for repeated collection of tissue biopsy samples and luminal content, were fed a digestible starch (ds) d ...201324132577
association of dietary type with fecal microbiota in vegetarians and omnivores in slovenia.the purpose of this study was to discover differences in the human fecal microbiota composition driven by long-term omnivore versus vegan/lacto-vegetarian dietary pattern. in addition, the possible association of demographic characteristics and dietary habits such as consumption of particular foods with the fecal microbiota was examined.201424173964
additional oligofructose/inulin does not increase faecal bifidobacteria in critically ill patients receiving enteral nutrition: a randomised controlled trial.patients with diarrhoea during enteral nutrition (en) have been shown to have low faecal bifidobacteria concentrations. oligofructose/inulin selectively stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria in healthy humans. this study investigates the effect of additional oligofructose/inulin on the gastrointestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (scfa) and faecal output in patients receiving en.201424290345
the abundance of fecal faecalibacterium prausnitzii in relation to obesity and gender in chinese adults.the influence of gender and obesity on the abundance of human colonic feacalibacterium prausnitzii is currently unclear. we collected fecal samples from 54 obese and 54 sex- and age-matched normal-weight chinese adults and quantified the fecal f. prausnitzii as percentage of 16s rrna gene copies of f. prausnitzii accounting to that of total gut bacteria with quantitative pcr. the fecal f. prausnitzii amount was not significantly different between obese and lean subjects. men possessed significan ...201424292154
effects of short chain fatty acid producing bacteria on epigenetic regulation of ffar3 in type 2 diabetes and obesity.the human gut microbiota and microbial influences on lipid and glucose metabolism, satiety, and chronic low-grade inflammation are known to be involved in metabolic syndrome. fermentation end products, especially short chain fatty acids, are believed to engage the epigenetic regulation of inflammatory reactions via ffars (free fatty acid receptor) and other short chain fatty acid receptors. we studied a potential interaction of the microbiota with epigenetic regulation in obese and type 2 diabet ...201424325907
altered intestinal microbiota and blood t cell phenotype are shared by patients with crohn's disease and their unaffected siblings.crohn's disease (cd) is associated with intestinal dysbiosis, altered blood t cell populations, elevated faecal calprotectin (fc) and increased intestinal permeability (ip). cd-associated features present in siblings (increased risk of cd) but not in healthy controls, provide insight into early cd pathogenesis. we aimed to (1) delineate the genetic, immune and microbiological profile of patients with cd, their siblings and controls and (2) determine which factors discriminate between groups.201424398881
the commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii is protective in dnbs-induced chronic moderate and severe colitis models.the abundance of faecalibacterium prausnitzii, an abundant and representative bacterium of firmicutes phylum, has consistently been observed to be lower in patients with crohn's disease than in healthy individuals. we have shown that both f. prausnitzii and its culture supernatant (sn) have anti-inflammatory and protective effects in a tnbs-induced acute colitis mouse model. here, we tested the effects of both f. prausnitzii and its sn in moderate and severe dnbs-induced chronic colitis mouse mo ...201424418903
a gene-targeted approach to investigate the intestinal butyrate-producing bacterial community.butyrate, which is produced by the human microbiome, is essential for a well-functioning colon. bacteria that produce butyrate are phylogenetically diverse, which hinders their accurate detection based on conventional phylogenetic markers. as a result, reliable information on this important bacterial group is often lacking in microbiome research.201324451334
increased proportions of bifidobacterium and the lactobacillus group and loss of butyrate-producing bacteria in inflammatory bowel disease.dysbiosis in the intestinal microbiota of persons with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) has been described, but there are still varied reports on changes in the abundance of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus organisms in patients with ibd. the aim of this investigation was to compare the compositions of mucosa-associated and fecal bacteria in patients with ibd and in healthy controls (hcs). fecal and biopsy samples from 21 hcs, 21 and 15 crohn's disease (cd) patients, and 34 and 29 ulcerative co ...201424478468
abundance and diversity of gi microbiota rather than igg4 levels correlate with abdominal inconvenience and gut permeability in consumers claiming food intolerances.food intolerances are an increasing global health problem. interactions between genetics and environmental changes such as microbial- and stress factors remain poorly understood. whereas the analyses of ige mediated allergic responses is based on solid concepts, the roles of microbiota, gut permeability, and igg antibodies remain widely unclear and are under fierce discussion for scientific relevance. the present pilot study analyzes forty participants, under consultation of nutritional health p ...201424502607
microbiota and epigenetic regulation of inflammatory mediators in type 2 diabetes and obesity.metabolic syndrome is associated with alterations in the structure of the gut microbiota leading to low-grade inflammatory responses. an increased penetration of the impaired gut membrane by bacterial components is believed to induce this inflammation, possibly involving epigenetic alteration of inflammatory molecules such as toll-like receptors (tlrs). we evaluated changes of the gut microbiota and epigenetic dna methylation of tlr2 and tlr4 in three groups of subjects: type 2 diabetics under g ...201424533976
disrupted intestinal microbiota and intestinal inflammation in children with cystic fibrosis and its restoration with lactobacillus gg: a randomised clinical trial.intestinal inflammation is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (cf). administration of probiotics can reduce intestinal inflammation and the incidence of pulmonary exacerbations. we investigated the composition of intestinal microbiota in children with cf and analyzed its relationship with intestinal inflammation. we also investigated the microflora structure before and after lactobacillus gg (lgg) administration in children with cf with and without antibiotic treatment.201424586292
gut-adipose tissue axis in hepatic fat accumulation in humans.recent evidence suggests that in animals gut microbiota composition (gmc) affects the onset and progression of hepatic fat accumulation. the aim of this study was to investigate in humans whether subjects with high hepatic fat content (hhfc) differ in their gmc from those with low hepatic fat content (lhfc), and whether these differences are associated with body composition, biomarkers and abdominal adipose tissue inflammation.201424613361
ecology and metabolism of the beneficial intestinal commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii.faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a major commensal bacterium, and its prevalence is often decreased in conditions of intestinal dysbiosis. the phylogenic identity of this bacterium was described only recently. it is still poorly characterized, and its specific growth requirements in the human gastrointestinal tract are not known. in this review, we consider f. prausnitzii metabolism, its ecophysiology in both humans and animals, and the effects of drugs and nutrition on its population. we list im ...201724637606
decline in presumptively protective gut bacterial species and metabolites are paradoxically associated with disease improvement in pediatric crohn's disease during enteral nutrition.the gut microbiota is implicated in the pathogenesis of crohn's disease (cd). exclusive enteral nutrition (een) is a successful treatment, but its mode of action remains unknown. this study assessed serial changes in the fecal microbiota milieu during een.201424651582
genome-scale metabolic reconstructions of bifidobacterium adolescentis l2-32 and faecalibacterium prausnitzii a2-165 and their interaction.the gut microbiota plays an important role in human health and disease by acting as a metabolic organ. metagenomic sequencing has shown how dysbiosis in the gut microbiota is associated with human metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. modeling may assist to gain insight into the metabolic implication of an altered microbiota. fast and accurate reconstruction of metabolic models for members of the gut microbiota, as well as methods to simulate a community of microorganisms, are therefo ...201424708835
mucosa-associated faecalibacterium prausnitzii and escherichia coli co-abundance can distinguish irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease phenotypes.crohn's disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc) diagnosis requires comprehensive examination of the patient. faecalibacterium prausnitzii and escherichia coli have been reported as representatives of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) dysbiosis. the aim was to determine whether or not quantification of these species can be used as a complementary tool either for diagnostic or prognostic purposes.201424713205
cd4cd8αα lymphocytes, a novel human regulatory t cell subset induced by colonic bacteria and deficient in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.how the microbiota affects health and disease is a crucial question. in mice, gut clostridium bacteria are potent inducers of colonic interleukin (il)-10-producing foxp3 regulatory t cells (treg), which play key roles in the prevention of colitis and in systemic immunity. in humans, although gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with immune disorders, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. in contrast with mice, the contribution of foxp3 treg in colitis prevention has been questioned, sugges ...201424714093
senior thai fecal microbiota comparison between vegetarians and non-vegetarians using pcr-dgge and real-time pcr.the fecal microbiotas were investigated in 13 healthy thai subjects using polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (pcr-dgge). among the 186 dna bands detected on the polyacrylamide gel, 37 bands were identified as representing 11 species: bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, bacteroides ovatus, bacteroides uniformis, bacteroides vulgatus, clostridium colicanis, eubacterium eligenes, e. rectale, faecalibacterium prausnitzii, megamonas funiformis, prevotella copri, and roseburia ...201424743571
alterations in the intestinal microbiome (dysbiosis) as a predictor of relapse after infliximab withdrawal in crohn's disease.crohn's disease (cd)-associated dysbiosis could predispose patients to relapse. gut microbiota composition of patients from the prospective cohort study designed to identify predictive factors of clinical relapse after infliximab discontinuation (stori study) was investigated to determine the impact of dysbiosis in cd relapse.201424788220
antioxidants keep the potentially probiotic but highly oxygen-sensitive human gut bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii alive at ambient air.the beneficial human gut microbe faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a 'probiotic of the future' since it produces high amounts of butyrate and anti-inflammatory compounds. however, this bacterium is highly oxygen-senstive, making it notoriously difficult to cultivate and preserve. this has so far precluded its clinical application in the treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. the present studies were therefore aimed at developing a strategy to keep f. prausnitzii alive at ambient a ...201424798051
association between faecalibacterium prausnitzii reduction and inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review of the literature.background. laboratory data suggests a reduction of faecalibacterium prausnitzii (f. prausnitzii) is confirmed both in fecal samples in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) patients. numerous observational studies have suspected dysbiosis, an imbalance between protective and harmful bacteria to be relevant to the etiology and pathogenesis of ibd. methods. medline, embase, pubmed, and others. were searched by 2 independent reviewers. of 48 abstracts reviewed, 11 studies met our inclusion criteria (su ...201424799893
microbiota and diabetes: an evolving relationship.the gut microbiota affects numerous biological functions throughout the body and its characterisation has become a major research area in biomedicine. recent studies have suggested that gut bacteria play a fundamental role in diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. data are accumulating in animal models and humans suggesting that obesity and type 2 diabetes (t2d) are associated with a profound dysbiosis. first human metagenome-wide association studies demonstrated highly s ...201424833634
intestinal dysbiosis: novel mechanisms by which gut microbes trigger and prevent disease.new research has identified specific intestinal colonizing microbes that can have significant influence on health and disease. evidence is reviewed supporting an association between fusobacterium nucleatum and colon cancer and for a protective role of faecalibacterium prausnitzii in inflammatory bowel disease, of escherichia coli nissle 1917 in acute intestinal inflammation, of bifidobacterium infantis in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, and of akkermansia muciniphila in obesity and diabetes. ...201424857830
the dual role of mapk pathway in the regulation of intestinal barrier: the role of the commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii on this regulation. 201424859300
beneficial effects of exclusive enteral nutrition in crohn's disease are not mediated by faecalibacterium prausnitzii. 201424859301
role of faecalibacterium prausnitzii in crohn's disease: friend, foe, or does not really matter? 201424859302
exploring the influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on health: a symposium report.the present report describes the presentations delivered at the 7th international yakult symposium, 'the intestinal microbiota and probiotics: exploiting their influence on health', in london on 22-23 april 2013. the following two themes associated with health risks were covered: (1) the impact of age and diet on the gut microbiota and (2) the gut microbiota's interaction with the host. the strong influence of the maternal gut microbiota on neonatal colonisation was reported, as well as rapid ch ...201424953670
high-protein diet modifies colonic microbiota and luminal environment but not colonocyte metabolism in the rat model: the increased luminal bulk connection.high-protein diets are used for body weight reduction, but consequences on the large intestine ecosystem are poorly known. here, rats were fed for 15 days with either a normoproteic diet (np, 14% protein) or a hyperproteic-hypoglucidic isocaloric diet (hp, 53% protein). cecum and colon were recovered for analysis. short- and branched-chain fatty acids, as well as lactate, succinate, formate, and ethanol contents, were markedly increased in the colonic luminal contents of hp rats (p < 0.05 or les ...201424970777
functional metabolic map of faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a beneficial human gut microbe.the human gut microbiota plays a central role in human well-being and disease. in this study, we present an integrated, iterative approach of computational modeling, in vitro experiments, metabolomics, and genomic analysis to accelerate the identification of metabolic capabilities for poorly characterized (anaerobic) microorganisms. we demonstrate this approach for the beneficial human gut microbe faecalibacterium prausnitzii strain a2-165. we generated an automated draft reconstruction, which w ...201425002542
systematic review: the role of the gut microbiota in chemotherapy- or radiation-induced gastrointestinal mucositis - current evidence and potential clinical applications.gastrointestinal mucositis is defined as inflammation and/or ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract occurring as a complication of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and affects about 50% of all cancer patients.201425040088
differential modulation by akkermansia muciniphila and faecalibacterium prausnitzii of host peripheral lipid metabolism and histone acetylation in mouse gut organoids.the gut microbiota is essential for numerous aspects of human health. however, the underlying mechanisms of many host-microbiota interactions remain unclear. the aim of this study was to characterize effects of the microbiota on host epithelium using a novel ex vivo model based on mouse ileal organoids. we have explored the transcriptional response of organoids upon exposure to short-chain fatty acids (scfas) and products generated by two abundant microbiota constituents, akkermansia muciniphila ...201425118238
potential of novel dextran oligosaccharides as prebiotics for obesity management through in vitro experimentation.the energy-salvaging capacity of the gut microbiota from dietary ingredients has been proposed as a contributing factor for the development of obesity. this knowledge generated interest in the use of non-digestible dietary ingredients such as prebiotics to manipulate host energy homeostasis. in the present study, the in vitro response of obese human faecal microbiota to novel oligosaccharides was investigated. dextrans of various molecular weights and degrees of branching were fermented with the ...201425196744
effect of prebiotics on the fecal microbiota of elderly volunteers after dietary supplementation of bacillus coagulans gbi-30, 6086.in advancing age, gut populations of beneficial microbes, notably bifidobacterium spp., show a marked decline. this contributes to an environment less capable of maintaining homoeostasis. this in vitro investigation studied the possible synergistic effects of probiotic supplementation in modulating the gut microbiota enabling prebiotic therapy to in elderly persons. single stage batch culture anaerobic fermenters were used and inoculated with fecal microbiota obtained from volunteers after takin ...201425219857
live faecalibacterium prausnitzii in an apical anaerobic model of the intestinal epithelial barrier.faecalibacterium prausnitzii, an abundant member of the human commensal microbiota, has been proposed to have a protective role in the intestine. however, it is an obligate anaerobe, difficult to co-culture in viable form with oxygen-requiring intestinal cells. to overcome this limitation, a unique apical anaerobic model of the intestinal barrier, which enabled co-culture of live obligate anaerobes with the human intestinal cell line caco-2, was developed. caco-2 cells remained viable and mainta ...201525224879
dietary supplementation with soybean oligosaccharides increases short-chain fatty acids but decreases protein-derived catabolites in the intestinal luminal content of weaned huanjiang mini-piglets.the improvement of gut health and function with prebiotic supplements after weaning is an active area of research in pig nutrition. the present study was conducted to test the working hypothesis that medium-term dietary supplementation with soybean oligosaccharides (sbos) can affect the gut ecosystem in terms of microbiota composition, luminal bacterial short-chain fatty acid and ammonia concentrations, and intestinal expression of genes related to intestinal immunity and barrier function. ten h ...201425236424
faecalibacterium prausnitzii inhibits interleukin-17 to ameliorate colorectal colitis in rats.it has been shown that faecalibacterium prausnitzii (f. prausnitzii), one of the dominant intestinal bacterial flora, may protect colonic mucosa against the development of inflammation and subsequent inflammatory bowel disease (ibd), with the underlying mechanisms being unclear.201425275569
structural modulation of gut microbiota during alleviation of type 2 diabetes with a chinese herbal formula.the gut microbiota is hypothesized to have a critical role in metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes (t2d). a traditional chinese herbal formula, gegen qinlian decoction (gqd), can alleviate t2d. to find out whether gqd modulates the composition of the gut microbiota during t2d treatment, 187 t2d patients were randomly allocated to receive high (hd, n=44), moderate (md, n=52), low dose gqd (ld, n=50) or the placebo (n=41) for 12 weeks in a double-blinded trial. patients who received the h ...201425279787
intestinal microbial variation may predict early acute rejection after liver transplantation in rats.acute rejection (ar) remains a life-threatening complication after orthotopic liver transplantation (olt) and there are few available diagnostic biomarkers clinically for ar. this study aims to identify intestinal microbial profile and explore potential application of microbial profile as a biomarker for ar after olt.201425321166
diets high in resistant starch and arabinoxylan modulate digestion processes and scfa pool size in the large intestine and faecal microbial composition in pigs.the effects of a high level of dietary fibre (df) either as arabinoxylan (ax) or resistant starch (rs) on digestion processes, scfa concentration and pool size in various intestinal segments and on the microbial composition in the faeces were studied in a model experiment with pigs. a total of thirty female pigs (body weight 63.1 (sem 4.4) kg) were fed a low-df, high-fat western-style control diet (wsd), an ax-rich diet (axd) or a rs-rich diet (rsd) for 3 weeks. diet significantly affected the d ...201425327182
in vitro fermentation of lactulose by human gut bacteria.lactulose has been known as a prebiotic that can selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. recent studies have indicated that streptococcus mutans, clostridium perfringens, and faecalibacterium prausnitzii are also able to utilize lactulose. however, the previous studies mainly focused on the utilization of lactulose by individual strains, and few studies were designed to identify the species that could utilize lactulose among gut microbiota. this study aime ...201425340538
blastocystis is associated with decrease of fecal microbiota protective bacteria: comparative analysis between patients with irritable bowel syndrome and control subjects.blastocystis is a protistan parasite living in the digestive tract of many animals, including humans. this highly prevalent intestinal parasite is suspected to be linked to irritable bowel syndrome (ibs), a chronic functional bowel disorder. here, we first compared the prevalence of blastocystis among 56 ibs patients (40 ibs with constipation (ibs-c), 9 ibs with diarrhea (ibs-d), 4 mixed ibs (ibs-m) and 3 unsubtyped ibs (ibs-u) according to the rome iii criteria) and 56 control (i.e. without any ...201425365580
enteric microbiota leads to new therapeutic strategies for ulcerative colitis.ulcerative colitis (uc) is a leading form of inflammatory bowel disease that involves chronic relapsing or progressive inflammation. as a significant proportion of uc patients treated with conventional therapies do not achieve remission, there is a pressing need for the development of more effective therapies. the human gut contains a large, diverse, and dynamic population of microorganisms, collectively referred to as the enteric microbiota. there is a symbiotic relationship between the human h ...201425400449
altered microbiota associated with abnormal humoral immune responses to commensal organisms in enthesitis-related arthritis.prior studies have established altered microbiota and immunologic reactivity to enteric commensal organisms in inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). since intestinal inflammation is present in a subset of patients with both pediatric and adult spondyloarthritis (spa), we hypothesized that spa patients may also have altered microbiota and immune responsiveness to enteric organisms.201425434931
essential oils have different effects on human pathogenic and commensal bacteria in mixed faecal fermentations compared with pure cultures.a static batch culture system inoculated with human faeces was used to determine the influence of essential oil compounds (eocs) on mixed faecal microbiota. bacteria were quantified using quantitative pcr of 16s rrna genes. incubation for 24 h of diluted faeces from six individuals caused enrichment of bifidobacterium spp., but proportions of other major groups were unaffected. thymol and geraniol at 500 p.p.m. suppressed total bacteria, resulting in minimal fermentation. thymol at 100 p.p.m. ha ...201525500493
lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-3690 and the commensal bacterium faecalibacterium prausnitzii a2-165 exhibit similar protective effects to induced barrier hyper-permeability in mice.impaired gut barrier function has been reported in a wide range of diseases and syndromes and in some functional gastrointestinal disorders. in addition, there is increasing evidence that suggests the gut microbiota tightly regulates gut barrier function and recent studies demonstrate that probiotic bacteria can enhance barrier integrity. here, we aimed to investigate the effects of lactobacillus rhamnosus cncm i-3690 on intestinal barrier function. in vitro results using a caco-2 monolayer cell ...201525517879
understanding how commensal obligate anaerobic bacteria regulate immune functions in the large intestine.the human gastrointestinal tract is colonised by trillions of commensal bacteria, most of which are obligate anaerobes residing in the large intestine. appropriate bacterial colonisation is generally known to be critical for human health. in particular, the development and function of the immune system depends on microbial colonisation, and a regulated cross-talk between commensal bacteria, intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells is required to maintain mucosal immune homeostasis. this home ...201425545102
impact of the gut microbiota on rodent models of human disease.traditionally bacteria have been considered as either pathogens, commensals or symbionts. the mammal gut harbors 10(14) organisms dispersed on approximately 1000 different species. today, diagnostics, in contrast to previous cultivation techniques, allow the identification of close to 100% of bacterial species. this has revealed that a range of animal models within different research areas, such as diabetes, obesity, cancer, allergy, behavior and colitis, are affected by their gut microbiota. co ...201425548471
Refresh
firstprev
...11121314
nextlast
Displaying items 1101 - 1200 of 1328