Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| mutational analysis of essential interactions involved in the assembly of hepatitis e virus capsid. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) capsid consists of a single structural protein, a portion of which is engaged in isosahedral contact to form a basal shell, and another portion in dimeric contact to form the homodimers protruding from the shell. previous studies revealed that homodimers of the truncated hev capsid proteins, e2 (amino acids 394-606) and p239 (amino acids 368-606), model dominant antigenic determinants of hev. immunization with these proteins protected rhesus monkeys against the virus, ... | 2005 | 15557331 |
| hepatitis e virus antibodies in hemodialysis patients: an epidemiological survey in central greece. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the causative agent for enteric non-a, non-b hepatitis. transmission is mainly via the fecal-oral route but the possibility of an additional parenteric transmission has been raised. patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (hd) have an increased risk of exposure to blood transmitted agents. previous studies concerning prevalence of antibodies to hev (anti-hev) among hd patients gave conflicting results. the aim of the study presented here was to determine the prevalenc ... | 2004 | 15560678 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in europe: regional situation regarding laboratory diagnosis and epidemiology. | hepatitis e virus (hev) was first identified in the excreta of an experimentally infected human volunteer and further confirmed by similar findings in clinical specimens from patients with acute jaundice disease different from hepatitis a and b. the hev is a 27- to 34-nm spherical non-enveloped virus obviously represented by a single serotype; however, its final taxonomic definition remains to be established. studies on molecular biology of this virus revealed some peculiar characteristics showi ... | 1993 | 15566712 |
| serological survey on hepatitis e virus infection in an endemic area: diagnosis potential of enzyme immunoassay for detection of igg antibody. | hepatitis e is a major cause of acute icteric disease widespread in tropical and sub-tropical regions but rarely occurring in industrialized countries. recently solid-phase enzyme immunoassays with recombinant antigens have been introduced for diagnosis of this infection. | 1994 | 15566775 |
| artificial mosaic proteins as new immunodiagnostic reagents: the hepatitis e virus experience. | naturally occurring viral proteins derived from cell culture and recombinant proteins expressed in procaryotic systems have been used extensively as target proteins in the development of immunoassay methods for the detection of antibodies. however, immunoassays utilizing these proteins often yield false-positive reactions suggesting that it may be possible to identify and remove regions responsible for these non-specific reactions. | 1996 | 15566875 |
| populations with high prevalence of antibody against hepatitis e virus in israel. | 1996 | 15566892 | |
| complete or near-complete nucleotide sequences of hepatitis e virus genome recovered from a wild boar, a deer, and four patients who ate the deer. | zoonosis has been implicated in hepatitis e virus (hev) transmission. we examined wild boar living in a forest of hyogo prefecture, japan, and found hev rna in three of seven boars. a full-genome hev isolate from one of them was revealed to be 99.7% identical to a previous isolate from a wild deer hunted in the same forest and to those from four patients who contracted hepatitis e after eating raw meat of the deer. these findings suggest an interspecies hev transmission between boar and deer in ... | 2004 | 15567444 |
| age-wise exposure rates to hepatitis e virus in a southern indian patient population without liver disease. | to determine the age-stratified exposure to hepatitis e virus (hev) in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in southern india, serum samples from 600 individuals were tested using a commercial hev igg enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. subjects were composed of blood donors, antenatal women, and pre-operative individuals who were negative for hepatitis b surface antigen and antibody to hepatitis c virus with no evidence of liver disease; 200 each were 1-5 and 6-15 years old and 100 each w ... | 2004 | 15569803 |
| running like water--the omnipresence of hepatitis e. | 2004 | 15575050 | |
| detection of hepatitis e virus in patients sera in southern spain. | the aim of the present study was to detect acute hepatitis e virus (hev) infection in patients with abnormal alanine transaminase (alt) in which other viral hepatitis infections had been excluded in southern spain, an area adjacent to regions where this disease is endemic. of 336 sera tested 30 (8.92%) were positive for igm antibodies against hev (anti-hev igm) and 7 (2.08%) were negative in a repeated assay. immunoblot analysis (iba) was applied to the 37 positive sera in the first assay; its r ... | 2004 | 15595216 |
| in vitro and in vivo mutational analysis of the 3'-terminal regions of hepatitis e virus genomes and replicons. | hepatitis e virus (hev) replication is not well understood, mainly because the virus does not infect cultured cells efficiently. however, huh-7 cells transfected with full-length genomes produce open reading frame 2 protein, indicative of genome replication (6). to investigate the role of 3'-terminal sequences in rna replication, we constructed chimeric full-length genomes with divergent 3'-terminal sequences of genotypes 2 and 3 replacing that of genotype 1 and transfected them into huh-7 cells ... | 2005 | 15613330 |
| [dynamic changes of serum antibody titer and liver ultrastructural pathology in acute sporadic hepatitis e virus infected patients]. | 7 acute hepatitis e patients were tested for anti-hev igm and igg antibodies by eia. it revealed that anti-hev igm and igg antibody titers were the highest at day 10-45 of the illness, and anti-hev igm declined gradually and totally lost within 2 months. anti-hev igg had a similar condition to anti-hev igm, but at 7th month there still had 3 cases (40%) remained to be antibody positive. one case was examined for ultrastructural pathology. the swelling of liver cells on the fortieth day of illnes ... | 1997 | 15617339 |
| [partial nucleotide sequencing of hepatitis e virus isolated from sera of patients with acute sporadic hepatitis e in china]. | 28 hepatitis e virus (hev) cdna isolates were obtained from 41 sera of patients with acute sporadic hepatitis e (he) in shenzhen, changchun and hangzhou by a reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction (rt-npcr) and 3 of the 28 rt-npcr products of hev cdna orf2 region were sequenced. the nucleotide homology of these three hev isolates was 80.2%, 79.9% and 79.4%, respectively, as compared with the maxico strain of hev (m); 93.4%, 92.3% and 93.8% with the burma epidemic strain of hev(b) ... | 1997 | 15619819 |
| [diagnosis of hepatitis e virus infection in sporadic acute hepatitis]. | the solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (eia) was used for detecting anti-hev immunoglobulin g (igg) and m (igm) by using a recombinant chimeric antigen (orf3-2) from the open reading frame (orf) 2 and 3 of hepatitis e virus gene. these sera were collected from the patients with sporadic acute viral hepatitis. the positive rate for anti-hev igg was 15.22% (7) among 46 patients with acute hepatitis, 5 of the 7 igg positive sera were also positive (71.4%) for anti-hev igm. 91.8% (93) and 76.4% (78) wer ... | 1997 | 15619831 |
| [hepatitis d and hepatitis e]. | 2004 | 15624471 | |
| simultaneous detection of immunoglobulin a (iga) and igm antibodies against hepatitis e virus (hev) is highly specific for diagnosis of acute hev infection. | serum samples collected from 68 patients (age, mean +/- the standard deviation [sd], 56.3 +/- 12.8 years) at admission who were subsequently molecularly diagnosed as having hepatitis e and from 2,781 individuals who were assumed not to have been recently infected with hepatitis e virus (hev; negative controls; 52.9 +/- 18.9 years), were tested for immunoglobulin m (igm) and iga classes of antibodies to hev (anti-hev) by in-house solid-phase enzyme immunoassay with recombinant open reading frame ... | 2005 | 15634950 |
| [clinical significance of detecting rna and anti hev antibody in convalesent sera in patients with acute hev hepatitis]. | to investigate the anti hepatitis e virus (hev) and hev rna in acute and convalescent sera of patients with nona-e acute hepatitis. | 2004 | 15640865 |
| a novel rt-multiplex pcr for enteroviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses and influenza a virus among infants and children with diarrhea in vietnam. | a novel reverse transcription-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (rt-multiplex pcr) assay that can detect enteroviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses and influenza a virus from various hosts (avian species, human, swine and horse) was developed. the identification of that group of viruses was performed with the mixture of four pairs of published specific primers (f1 and r1, p3 and p4, 2s and 2as, mmu42 and mmu43) for amplifying viral genomes and specifically generated four different amplicon sizes ... | 2005 | 15645373 |
| capped rna transcripts of full-length cdna clones of swine hepatitis e virus are replication competent when transfected into huh7 cells and infectious when intrahepatically inoculated into pigs. | swine hepatitis e virus (swine hev), the first animal strain of hev to be isolated, is a zoonotic agent. we report here the construction and in vitro and in vivo characterizations of infectious cdna clones of swine hev. eight overlapping fragments spanning the entire genome were amplified by reverse transcription-pcr and assembled into a full-length cdna clone, clone c, which contained 14 mutations compared to the consensus sequence of swine hev. rna transcripts from clone c were not infectious, ... | 2005 | 15650181 |
| [a case of acute hepatitis e with the travel history to an endemic area]. | hepatitis e is a self-limited and enterically transmitted acute viral hepatitis that occurs from epidemic outbreaks of developing countries and sporadic hepatitis in non-endemic areas. in endemic areas, hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of the most common causes of acute hepatitis and hepatic failure in pregnancy. its mortality rate has been reported up to 20%. in non-endemic areas, hev infection without any travel history is very rare. in korea, only one case of simple hepatitis e without any trav ... | 2004 | 15665579 |
| acute hepatitis and renal function impairment related to infection by hepatitis e virus in a renal allograft recipient. | clinicians often are faced with an increase in liver enzyme levels. in the majority of cases, the cause is found rapidly. conversely, in a few cases, the etiologic agent remains unknown and requires either liver biopsy or drug-medication modification. we report a case of acute icteric hepatitis associated with renal function impairment related to infection caused by primary hepatitis e virus (hev) in a renal transplant recipient who lived in a nonclassic endemic area and had not traveled abroad. ... | 2005 | 15696460 |
| hepatitis e virus infection with nonimmune hemolytic anemia. | 2005 | 15699702 | |
| serological markers of hepatitis b, c, and e viruses and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 infections in pregnant women in bali, indonesia. | except for hepatitis b virus (hbv), there have been few data on serological markers of hepatitis viruses such as hepatitis c virus (hcv) and e virus (hev), and human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv) in bali, indonesia. during 5 months from april to august 2003, sera were collected from 2,450 pregnant women at eight jurisdictions in bali, and they were tested for markers of these viruses. only one (0.04%) was positive for antibody to hcv, but none for antibody to hiv. hepatitis b surface antig ... | 2005 | 15714491 |
| [is endemic hepatitis e infection present in developed countries?--accumulating information about the hepatitis e virus and hepatitis e infection]. | there are several new data on the acute viral hepatitis particularly on infectious non-a-non-c hepatitis viruses. the hepatitis e virus infection was originally thought to be limited only for certain geographic areas and humans. recently, it has been demonstrated the genetic diversity and worldwide distribution of hepatitis e virus in human population, as well as, the circulation of the virus in many species of animals. it is evident, that hepatitis e virus can spread by fecally contaminated wat ... | 2004 | 15715288 |
| prevalence of antibody to hepatitis e virus among haemodialysis patients in taiwan: possible infection by blood transfusion. | a higher prevalence of anti-hepatitis e virus (hev) in non-endemic viral hepatitis such as in germany has been reported in our previous study. the aim of this study was to assess the seroepidemiology of hev among haemodialysis (hd) patients in shin-kong hospital, taiwan, and to evaluate whether there was an increased risk of infection and exposure to hev even in an area of endemic viral hepatitis. | 2005 | 15722643 |
| systematic pathogenesis and replication of avian hepatitis e virus in specific-pathogen-free adult chickens. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an important human pathogen. due to the lack of a cell culture system and a practical animal model for hev, little is known about its pathogenesis and replication. the discovery of a strain of hev in chickens, designated avian hev, prompted us to evaluate chickens as a model for the study of hev. eighty-five 60-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens were randomly divided into three groups. group 1 chickens (n=28) were each inoculated with 5 x 10(4.5) 50% chicken infe ... | 2005 | 15731237 |
| challenges in creating a vaccine to prevent hepatitis e. | recombinant hepatitis e virus capsid protein (hev cp) assembles orally immunogenic virus-like particles (vlp) when expressed in an insect cell system. we used plant expression cassettes, phev101 and phev110, for transformation of potato to express hev cp, and 10 independent transgenic lines of hev101 and 6 lines of hev110 were obtained. elisa for hev cp was performed on tuber extracts. accumulation of hev cp in tubers varied from about 5 to 30 microg/g fresh tuber depending on the transgenic pla ... | 2005 | 15734058 |
| nosocomial outbreak of hepatitis e infection in pakistan with possible parenteral transmission. | 2005 | 15736034 | |
| [acute hepatitis during pregnancy: hepatitis e virus must be considered]. | 2005 | 15738906 | |
| [recent topics on hepatitis e virus: emerging, zoonotic, and animal-to-human transmission in japan]. | hepatitis e is undoubtedly a zoonosis. recent observations suggest that the zoonotic food-borne mode of transmission has played an important role in the spread of hepatitis e virus (hev) among japanese people (who in general likes eating everything uncooked or undercooked: sushi, sashimi, tataki, namagimo, shabu-shabu, etc). moreover, the situation seems to be worsening. wild boar (and deer also) has recently been increasing in its number, becoming a more potent hev reservoir to humans than befo ... | 2004 | 15745163 |
| [seroprevalence of hepatitis e virus in casablanca]. | 2004 | 15747476 | |
| hepatitis e infections, victoria, australia. | in the first half of 2004, acute hepatitis e virus infections diagnosed in victoria, australia, increased 7-fold. of the interviewed patients with highly reactive serologic results, 90% reported recent clinically compatible illness and overseas travel. the increase is compared with a background of exposure in countries in which hepatitis e is endemic. | 2005 | 15757573 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis a and e virus infection in brazil. | this review has the objective to discuss the epidemiological aspects of the enterically transmitted hepatitis a and e in brazil. the prevalence of hepatitis a varies greatly in different brazilian regions, from 56% in south and southeast to 93% in north region (manaus, amazon). such differences are also found in different socioeconomic levels among age groups. a significantly higher prevalence was seen in the low socioeconomic group between 1-30 years. this difference is most striking in the fir ... | 2005 | 15771857 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus in residents of a district in havana, cuba. | a seroepidemiological study of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection was conducted in a district of havana, where hepatitis a virus (hav) is considered endemic. the levels of anti-hev antibodies were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on the recombinant protein gst-orf2.1. anti-hev antibodies were detected in 11 of 209 (5.3%) of serum samples, compared to 71.3% for anti-hav antibodies. no risk factors reported previously for hev infection showed a significant association wi ... | 2005 | 15779049 |
| analysis of hepatitis e virus neutralization sites using monoclonal antibodies directed against a virus capsid protein. | the dimeric form of the recombinant peptide (e2), comprising amino acid 394-606 of the capsid protein of hepatitis e virus (hev), is strongly recognized by hev reactive human serum, and when used as a vaccine, it protects rhesus monkeys against experimental hev infection. in this work, the relationship of e2 to hev has been probed using three murine monoclonal antibodies, 8c11, 13d8 and 8h3, all of which react predominantly against the e2 dimer, and can effect immune capture of the virus as well ... | 2005 | 15780737 |
| a bacterially expressed particulate hepatitis e vaccine: antigenicity, immunogenicity and protectivity on primates. | it was evaluated its antigenicity, immunogenicity and efficacy of a candidate recombinant hepatitis e virus (hev) vaccine, referred hitherto as hev 239 vaccine. the vaccine peptide has a 26 amino acids extension from the n terminal of another peptide, e2, of the hev capsid protein, which has been shown to protect monkeys against hev infection previously. the vaccine peptide is similar as e2 in that: first, the vaccine peptide migrates predominantly as dimer in sds-page and it is dissociated into ... | 2005 | 15780738 |
| replication of a recombinant hepatitis e virus genome tagged with reporter genes and generation of a short-term cell line producing viral rna and proteins. | hepatitis e virus (hev) replication has been demonstrated in hepg2 cells transfected with full-length in vitro transcripts of an infectious cdna clone. this cdna clone was modified to generate several subgenomic hev replicons with fused reporter genes. in vitro-transcribed capped rnas generated from these were transfected into hepg2 cells. negative-strand rna was detected, indicating the occurrence of replication. the replicon containing an in-frame fusion of hev orf2 with enhanced green fluores ... | 2005 | 15784913 |
| acute hepatitis e of a man who consumed wild boar meat prior to the onset of illness in nagasaki, japan. | zoonotic infection of hepatitis e virus (hev) has been suggested. to date, pigs, deer, and wild boar have been implicated as reservoirs of hev in japan. however, it is not known to what extent zoonotic transmission of hev play roles of causing hev transmission. in the present report, we describe a case of acute hepatitis e in which a transmission of hev by a zoonotic transmission is strongly suggested. the patient had eaten grilled wild boar meat 59 days prior to onset of acute hepatitis. althou ... | 2005 | 15792639 |
| associated factors in modulating aflatoxin b1-albumin adduct level in three chinese populations. | to elucidate the potential factors modulating exposure to aflatoxin b1 (afb1) in three chinese populations, an epidemiologic study was conducted in fusui county and nanning city of guangxi province and chengdu city of sichuan province. the incidence rates of hepatocelluar carcinoma (hcc) for males in these three regions were 92-97 per 100,000, 32-47 per 100,000, and 21 per 100,000, respectively. eighty-nine residents from fusui, 196 residents from nanning, and 118 residents from chengdu were scr ... | 2005 | 15810636 |
| identification of genotype 3 hepatitis e virus (hev) in serum and fecal samples from pigs in thailand and mexico, where genotype 1 and 2 hev strains are prevalent in the respective human populations. | hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, is an important public health concern in many developing countries. increasing evidence indicates that hepatitis e is a zoonotic disease. there exist four major genotypes of hev, and hev isolates identified in samples from pigs belong to either genotype 3 or 4. genotype 1 and 2 hevs are found exclusively in humans. to determine whether genotype 1 and 2 hevs also exist in pigs, a universal reverse transcription-pcr assay that is capable ... | 2005 | 15814985 |
| a truncated orf2 protein contains the most immunogenic site on orf2: antibody responses to non-vaccine sequences following challenge of vaccinated and non-vaccinated macaques with hepatitis e virus. | a candidate hepatitis e vaccine is composed of amino acids (aa) 112-607 of the 660-aa protein encoded by open reading frame 2 (orf2) of hepatitis e virus (hev). we have studied the antibody response to vaccine-associated epitopes and to epitopes excluded from the vaccine to determine if important epitopes were omitted from the vaccine and if antibody responses to these regions could be used to differentiate between infection and vaccination. elisas were developed based on genotype 1 orf2 peptide ... | 2005 | 15837215 |
| acute hepatitis e complicated by acute pancreatitis: a case report and literature review. | the coincidence of viral hepatitis and acute pancreatitis is well described. most of the cases are related to acute hepatitis a or b. hepatitis e virus (hev) infections are rare in europe, and very few reports describe hev as a causative agent of acute pancreatitis in areas of endemic hepatitis e prevalence. we report a case of acute pancreatitis in the course of acute hepatitis e in a 28-year-old male patient. the majority of reported cases, including our case, show several common epidemiologic ... | 2005 | 15841052 |
| prevention of transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e by donor-initiated self exclusion. | safety in blood transfusion has all along been focused on blood borne viruses like hiv, hepatitis b and c. however, infective agents that are not usually transmitted through blood may also pose risk to transfusion if the donor gives blood in the early-viraemic phase. a case report of potential transfusion-transmitted hepatitis e (hev) is described. it shows the virus can be transmissible via blood because of the presence of hev rna in the blood donated. pre-donation health screening was unable t ... | 2005 | 15859980 |
| comparison of a new immunochromatographic test to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for rapid detection of immunoglobulin m antibodies to hepatitis e virus in human sera. | an immunochromatographic test for rapid detection of igm antibodies in patients with acute hepatitis e infection was developed utilizing the well-characterized recombinant protein ep2.1 and monoclonal antibody 4b2. the new rapid test based on a novel reverse-flow technology was able to generate a positive result within 2 to 3 min. our study showed that this test was able to detect anti-hev igm antibodies in 96.7% of the patient samples tested (n = 151) while maintaining an excellent specificity ... | 2005 | 15879020 |
| a patient with clinical features of acute hepatitis e viral infection and autoimmune hepatitis. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of the major causative agents of acute hepatitis in many developing countries. recent intensive examination has revealed the existence of non-imported cases in industrialized countries. the patient was a 25-year-old japanese female with acute hepatitis. laboratory test demonstrated positive anti-nuclear antibody (ana), anti-smooth muscle antibody (asma) and high level of serum immunoglobulin g (igg). the patient was negative for serum markers of hepatitis a, b or c ... | 2005 | 15888974 |
| the open reading frame 3 gene of hepatitis e virus contains a cis-reactive element and encodes a protein required for infection of macaques. | an infectious cdna clone of hepatitis e virus was mutated in order to prevent synthesis of either open reading frame 2 (orf2) protein or orf3 protein. huh-7 cells transfected with an orf2-null mutant produced orf3, and those transfected with an orf3-null mutant produced orf2. silent mutations introduced into a highly conserved nucleotide sequence in the orf3 coding region eliminated the synthesis of both orf2 and orf3 proteins, suggesting that it comprised a cis-reactive element. a mutant that w ... | 2005 | 15890906 |
| receptor binding, fusion inhibition, and induction of cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies by a soluble g glycoprotein of hendra virus. | hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) are closely related emerging viruses comprising the henipavirus genus of the paramyxovirinae, which are distinguished by their ability to cause fatal disease in both animal and human hosts. these viruses infect cells by a ph-independent membrane fusion event mediated by their attachment (g) and fusion (f) glycoproteins. previously, we reported on hev- and niv-mediated fusion activities and detailed their host-cell tropism characteristics. these studies al ... | 2005 | 15890907 |
| possible risk factors for the transmission of hepatitis e virus and for the severe form of hepatitis e acquired locally in hokkaido, japan. | hepatitis e in industrialized countries has not been well studied. to define the possible risk factors for transmission of hepatitis e virus (hev) and for the severe form of hepatitis e in japan, we investigated the clinical and virological characteristics of hepatitis e in 32 patients who contracted the mild (n=23) or severe form (n=9) of domestically acquired hepatitis e between 1996 and 2004 in hokkaido, where hepatitis e is most prevalent in japan. nine patients with the severe form of hepat ... | 2005 | 15902701 |
| hepatitis e virus infection in hemodialysis patients: a seroepidemiological survey in iran. | the hepatitis e virus (hev) has a global distribution and is known to have caused large waterborne epidemics of icteric hepatitis. transmission is generally via the fecal-oral route. some reports have suggested parenteral transmission of hev. anti-hev prevalence data among chronic hemodialysis (hd) patients are few and give conflicting results. | 2005 | 15904504 |
| hepatitis e is a cause of unexplained hepatitis in the netherlands. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the major etiologic agent of enterically transmitted viral hepatitis in much of the developing world. evidence provided in recent years shows that hev is also prevalent in very low numbers in non-endemic countries. recently, a cluster of three patients with acute hepatitis e but no history of travel to endemic countries was discovered in the geographical area provided with service by the public health laboratory groningen and drenthe, the netherlands. | 2004 | 15911430 |
| [effects on health of water and food contamination by emergent human viruses]. | the development of molecular technologies applied to environmental studies has shown that even in highly industrialized countries there is a high prevalence of viruses in the environment that represents an important impact on public health and substantial economic losses mainly related to the transmission of viruses through water and food. significant concentrations of viruses are detected in the water flowed to the environment and in the biosolids generated in wastewater treatment plants. this ... | 2005 | 15913059 |
| correlation between positivity for immunoglobulin a antibodies and viraemia of swine hepatitis e virus observed among farm pigs in japan. | to evaluate the usefulness of detection of antibodies to hepatitis e virus (hev) to screen for viraemic pigs, serum samples obtained from 1425 1-6-month-old pigs in japan were tested for swine hev rna and igg, igm and iga classes of anti-hev antibody. fifty-five (5 %) of the 1071 2-5-month-old pigs were positive for swine hev rna, but none of 218 1-month-old pigs or 136 6-month-old pigs had detectable hev rna. the prevalence of anti-hev igg among the viraemic pigs (67 %, 37/55) was similar to th ... | 2005 | 15914860 |
| pcr screening for candidate etiological agents of canine hepatitis. | hepatitis, either acute or chronic, is a relatively common hepatic disease in dogs. several forms of canine hepatitis can occur, some with a defined cause, most cases have an unknown etiology. the similarities between canine hepatitis and human viral hepatitis suggest that canine hepatitis may have a viral etiology too. | 2005 | 15917133 |
| hev, ttv and gbv-c/hgv markers in patients with acute viral hepatitis. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of hev, ttv and gbv-c/gbv-c/hgv in patients with acute viral hepatitis a, b and non-a-c. we evaluated sera of 94 patients from a sentinel program who had acute hepatitis a (n = 40), b (n = 42) and non-a-c (n = 12); 71 blood donors served as controls. igm and anti-hev igg antibodies were detected by enzyme immunoassay using commercial kits. ttv and gbv-c/hgv were detected by nested pcr; genotyping was done by sequencing and phylogenetic ... | 2005 | 15917959 |
| a case of acute hepatitis with positive autoantibodies who actually had hepatitis e virus infection. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is one of the major causative agents of acute hepatitis in many developing countries. on the other hand, recent intensive investigation has revealed the existence of non-imported cases in industrialized countries. we encountered a sporadic patient with hepatitis e in 1999, who had had no recent travel abroad. he was a 67-year-old japanese, and his laboratory data were negative for serum markers of hepatitis a, b and c virus infection and positive anti-nuclear antibody, an ... | 2005 | 15923136 |
| promoter and intron-1 region polymorphisms in the ifng gene in patients with hepatitis e. | allelic and genotype variations in the promoter region and the dinucleotide (ca)(n) repeat region in intron 1 of the interferon-g (ifng) gene were analysed by direct sequencing and simple sequence length polymorphism (sslp), respectively, in patients with acute hepatitis, and the prevalence was compared with that in healthy controls. our results showed a significant association of heterozygous genotypes (ca)12/(ca)14 and (ca)12/(ca)16 in intron 1 of the ifng gene in all categories of patients wi ... | 2005 | 15932627 |
| immunological alterations in pregnant women with acute hepatitis e. | infection with hepatitis e virus (hev) is a major cause of acute viral hepatitis in several developing countries. although usually self-limiting and benign, the disease is particularly severe among pregnant women, with mortality rates reaching 15-20%. | 2005 | 15955220 |
| viroporin activity of murine hepatitis virus e protein. | the viroporin activity of the e protein from murine hepatitis virus (mhv), a member of the coronaviruses, was analyzed. viroporins are a growing family of viral proteins able to enhance membrane permeability, promoting virus budding. initially, the mhv e gene was inducibly expressed in escherichia coli cells, leading to the arrest of bacterial growth, cell lysis and permeabilization to different compounds. thus, exit of labeled nucleotides from e. coli cells to the cytoplasm was apparent upon ex ... | 2005 | 15963987 |
| [particulate recombinant hepatitis e virus capsid protein and its antigenicity and immunogenicity]. | an e. coli expressed recombinant antigen ne2 was reported to aggregate into homo-oligomer, and can induce protective antibodies on rhesus monkey, but its immunogenicty was much weak after being purified. in this study, three n-terminal extension mutant of ne2 were expressed in e. coli, one of which named hev 239 was found to aggregate into particle. hev 239 antigen had good reactivity with sera of hepatitis e patients. the reactivity of hev 239 against neutralization monoclonal antibody 8c11 was ... | 2004 | 15969119 |
| [selection of a peptide mimic the neutralization epitope of hepatitis e virus with phage peptide display technology]. | hepatitis e is an acute hepatitis casused by hepatitis e virus (hev) in developing countries, where it occurs as cases sporadic and in epidemics form. the causative agent, hepatitis e virus, is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route. hev is icosahedron non-enveloped virus, and its genome is a single-stranded, positive-sense, 3'-polyadenylated rna about 7.5 kb in length. it contains three open reading frames (orfs). of which orf1 codes for a polyprotein of 1693 amino acids and contain doma ... | 2003 | 15971579 |
| [hepatitis e virus capsid protein production by high cell density culture of recombinant escherichia coli]. | production of hepatitis e virus capsid protein by high cell density culture in recombinant e. coli has been studied in 10l and 30l fermentors. the effects of different factors on growth and producing recombinant protein of e. coli have been studied by batch culture, such as different media, the ratio of phosphate and magnesium sulfate. comparison of fermentation performance for recombinant e. coli in different fed-methods culture has been investigated by fed-batch culture. the effects of inducin ... | 2004 | 15971623 |
| serological and molecular studies on subclinical hepatitis e virus infection using periodic serum samples obtained from healthy individuals. | subclinical hepatitis e virus (hev) infection among healthy individuals was studied serologically and molecularly. serum samples collected at screening between march and april 2004 (or just before retirement) from 266 medical staff members (35 males, 231 females) who had been working for 8.8 +/- 8.5 (mean +/- standard deviation, range, 0.3-35.1) years in a city hospital in japan and serum samples that had been collected from these staff members at the start of employment were tested for iga, igm ... | 2005 | 15977233 |
| [a case of acute hepatitis e who had a history of frequent ingestion of raw meat and viscera from wild deer and boars]. | 2005 | 15981631 | |
| hepatitis e viruses in humans and animals. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is an emerging pathogen belonging to a newly recognized family of rna viruses (hepeviridae). hev is an important enterically transmitted human pathogen with a worldwide distribution. it can cause sporadic cases as well as large epidemics of acute hepatitis. epidemics are primarily waterborne in areas where water supplies are contaminated with hev of human origin. there is increasing evidence, however, that many animal species are infected with an antigenically similar vir ... | 2004 | 15984321 |
| age-specific antibody to hepatitis e virus has remained constant during the past 20 years in japan. | we investigated the presence of antibodies to hepatitis e virus (anti-hev) and hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) by enzyme immunoassays in sera from 1015 individuals collected in 1974, 1984 and 1994. age-specific profiles of anti-hev remained unchanged with a peak at 40-49 years, while those of anti-hav started to increase in individuals aged 20-29 years in 1974, 30-39 years in 1984 and 40-49 years in 1994. these results suggest that a silent hev infection has been taking place in the last 20 years o ... | 2005 | 15985017 |
| [autochthonous hepatitis e virus in southeastern france. 2 cases]. | hepatitis e virus is endemic in developing countries where it is especially lethal among pregnant women. as the circulation of goods and people grows between these countries and the industrialized nations, this virus is emerging as a cause of imported acute hepatitis in the latter, where authentic autochthonous cases also exist. | 2005 | 15988340 |
| major foodborne illness causing viruses and current status of vaccines against the diseases. | even though viruses, unlike bacteria, cannot grow in or on foods, foodborne illnesses are associated with viruses due to contamination of the fresh produce or processed food by virus-containing fecal material. the commonly reported major foodborne illnesses are due to noroviruses, hepatitis a and e viruses, rotaviruses, and astroviruses. among all illnesses caused by foodborne pathogens, recent estimates of as high as 67% have been attributed to viruses alone, and an upward trend in the of trans ... | 2004 | 15992267 |
| evidence of recombination between divergent hepatitis e viruses. | phylogenetic and recombination analysis was performed on 32 complete hepatitis e virus (hev) genomes from infected humans and pigs. for the first time, evidence for recombination between divergent hev strains was obtained, with at least two strains being found to have discordant phylogenetic relationships consistent with the occurrence of intragenotype recombination. this finding confirms that humans can be dually infected with divergent hev strains and has implications for the emergence and evo ... | 2005 | 15994825 |
| a subunit vaccine against hemorrhagic enteritis adenovirus. | hemorrhagic enteritis virus (hev) is an adenovirus that infects turkeys and causes immunosuppression and mortality. the virus used for the inactivated vaccine is extracted from spleens of infected turkeys, since its propagation in tissue cultures or embryonated eggs is unsuitable for mass production. the aim of this study was to develop a subunit vaccine based on a capsid protein of the virus. the knob protein, together with an adjacent part of the shaft domain pertaining to the fiber protein of ... | 2005 | 15998555 |
| ephrin-b2 ligand is a functional receptor for hendra virus and nipah virus. | hendra virus (hev) and nipah virus (niv) belong to the genus henipavirus of the family paramyxoviridae and are unique in that they exhibit a broad species tropism and cause fatal disease in both animals and humans. they infect cells through a ph-independent membrane fusion process mediated by their fusion and attachment glycoproteins. previously, we demonstrated identical cell fusion tropisms for hev and niv and the protease-sensitive nature of their unknown cell receptor and identified a human ... | 2005 | 15998730 |
| identification of novel human hepatitis e virus (hev) isolates and determination of the seroprevalence of hev in korea. | hepatitis e virus (hev) was originally identified as the causative agent of enterically transmitted non-a, non-b hepatitis. recently, hev isolates were subsequently identified in humans and swine in many countries, including korea. also, public concerns regarding hev as a potential zoonotic agent have been increasing. therefore, we attempted to identify hev from korean sera and compare the nucleotide sequences with those of previously identified hev isolates from other countries. in our study, v ... | 2005 | 16000413 |
| u.s. military sponsored vaccine trials and la resistance in nepal. | 2005 | 16006352 | |
| serological evidence of hepatitis e virus infection in different animal species from the southeast of brazil. | serological evidence of hepatitis e virus infection (hev) has been observed in both humans and different animal species living in non-endemic areas, suggesting that animals could be important reservoir for virus transmission to man. antibodies to hev have been detected in some brazilian population groups. nevertheless, sporadic cases of acute hev infection have never been reported. we collected 271 serum samples from several domestic animals and also from pig handlers from southeast of brazil in ... | 2005 | 16021297 |
| [a new pcr-based in vitro neutralization assay of hepatitis b virus]. | to establish a pcr-based neutralization assay of hepatitis b virus (hbv), which may be applied for detecting neutralizing antibodies against hbv and used as an in vitro model to screen new hbv vaccines. | 2005 | 16027790 |
| [genotyping of hepatitis e virus by pcr combining with single restriction endonuclease analysis]. | to develop a simple method for genotyping of hepatitis e virus (hev) and to investigate hev genotype distribution in nanjing area. | 2005 | 16027792 |
| acute viral hepatitis in third trimester of pregnancy. | 2005 | 16041115 | |
| [detection of igm antibodies against hepatitis e virus]. | hepatitis e virus is the main enterically transmitted non a non b hepatitis agent. the host igm response in the acute infection phase is short lived. therefore, only igg antibodies against e virus are usually investigated. | 2005 | 16075127 |
| [viral hepatitis e. the problems of its study]. | the paper presents the results of investigations of hepatitis e (he), which have been made at the department of viral hepatitides, m. p. chumakov institute of poliomyelitis and viral encephalitides, russian academy of medical sciences. m. s. balayan's discovery of hepatitis e virus permitted etiological interpretation of the cases of so-called non-a, non-b hepatitis with its fecal and oral transmission. the detection of antibodies to he virus among different groups of the population of russia (i ... | 2005 | 16078429 |
| sequence motif upstream of the hendra virus fusion protein cleavage site is not sufficient to promote efficient proteolytic processing. | the hendra virus fusion (hev f) protein is synthesized as a precursor, f(0), and proteolytically cleaved into the mature f(1) and f(2) heterodimer, following an hdlvdgvk(109) motif. this cleavage event is required for fusogenic activity. to determine the amino acid requirements for processing of the hev f protein, we constructed multiple mutants. individual and simultaneous alanine substitutions of the eight residues immediately upstream of the cleavage site did not eliminate processing. a chime ... | 2005 | 16083935 |
| thermal stability of hepatitis e virus. | the thermal stability of virulent hepatitis e virus (hev) and hepatitis a virus (hav) was compared. fecal suspensions of virus were heated to temperatures between 45 degrees c and 70 degrees c, and residual infectivity was determined in a cell culture system that was permissive for both viruses. although hev was less stable than was hav, some hev would most likely survive the internal temperatures of rare-cooked meat. | 2005 | 16088844 |
| [igm to recombinant antigen e2 of hev envelope protein is a sensitive and specific serological marker in diagnosis of acute hepatitis e]. | to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of igm to recombinant antigen e2 of hev envelope protein in the diagnosis of acute sporadic hepatitis e. | 2005 | 16092982 |
| acute hepatitis e virus infection in a cuban patient. | 2005 | 16099699 | |
| construction and characterization of infectious cdna clones of a chicken strain of hepatitis e virus (hev), avian hev. | hepatitis e virus (hev), the causative agent of hepatitis e, is an important human pathogen. increasing evidence indicates that hepatitis e is a zoonosis. avian hev was recently discovered in chickens with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the usa. like swine hev from pigs, avian hev is also genetically and antigenically related to human hev. the objective of this study was to construct and characterize an infectious cdna clone of avian hev for future studies of hev replication and pathogenesis ... | 2005 | 16099918 |
| [interface domain of hepatitis e virus capsid protein homodimer]. | hepatitis e is a main cause of acute viral hepatitis in developing countries where it occurs as sporadic cases and in epidemics form. the causative agent, hepatitis e virus, is transmitted primarily by the fecal-oral route. the approximately 7.5 kb positive-sense single-strand rna genome includes three open reading frames (orfs), one of which (orf2) is postulated to encode the major viral capsid protein (porf2) of 660 amino acid residues. we earlier showed that a bacterially expressed peptide, d ... | 2004 | 16108497 |
| [diagnostic tests: hepatitis e viral marker]. | 2005 | 16111291 | |
| a broadly reactive one-step real-time rt-pcr assay for rapid and sensitive detection of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is transmitted by the fecal-oral route and causes sporadic and epidemic forms of acute hepatitis. large waterborne hev epidemics have been documented exclusively in developing countries. at least four major genotypes of hev have been reported worldwide: genotype 1 (found primarily in asian countries), genotype 2 (isolated from a single outbreak in mexico), genotype 3 (identified in swine and humans in the united states and many other countries), and genotype 4 (identified ... | 2006 | 16125257 |
| non-travel-associated hepatitis e in england and wales: demographic, clinical, and molecular epidemiological characteristics. | between 1996 and 2003, 186 cases of hepatitis e were serologically diagnosed. of these, 17 (9%) were not associated with recent travel abroad. patients were >55 years old (range, 56-82 years old) and tended to be male (76%). two patients presented with fulminant hepatitis. a total of 129 (69%) cases were associated with recent travel to countries where hepatitis e virus (hev) is hyperendemic. compared with patients with travel-associated disease, patients with non-travel-associated disease were ... | 2005 | 16136458 |
| the 41-amino-acid c-terminal region of the hepatitis e virus orf3 protein interacts with bikunin, a kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor. | hepatitis e virus (hev), a human plus-stranded rna virus, contains three open reading frames (orf). of these, orf1 encodes the viral nonstructural polyprotein, orf2 encodes the major capsid protein, and orf3 codes for a phosphoprotein of undefined function. recently, using the yeast two-hybrid system to screen a human cdna liver library, we have isolated and characterized ambp (alpha1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor), which specifically interacts with the orf3 protein of hev. the orf3 protein ex ... | 2005 | 16140784 |
| phylogenetic analysis of global hepatitis e virus sequences: genetic diversity, subtypes and zoonosis. | nucleotide sequences from a total of 421 hev isolates were retrieved from genbank and analysed. phylogenetically, hev was classified into four major genotypes. genotype 1 was more conserved and classified into five subtypes. the number of genotype 2 sequences was limited but can be classified into two subtypes. genotypes 3 and 4 were extremely diverse and can be subdivided into ten and seven subtypes. geographically, genotype 1 was isolated from tropical and several subtropical countries in asia ... | 2006 | 16175650 |
| location of, immunogenicity of and relationships between neutralization epitopes on the attachment protein (g) of hendra virus. | epitopes involved in a protective immune response to hendra virus (hev) (henipavirus, paramxyoviridae) were investigated by generating five neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the virus attachment protein (g) of hev (hev g) and sequencing of the g gene of groups of neutralization-escape variants selected with each mab. amino acid substitutions occurred at eight distinct sites on hev g. relationships between these sites were investigated in binding and neutralization assays using heterol ... | 2005 | 16186240 |
| a sabin 3-derived poliovirus recombinant contained a sequence homologous with indigenous human enterovirus species c in the viral polymerase coding region. | outbreaks of poliomyelitis caused by circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cvdpvs) have been reported in areas where indigenous wild polioviruses (pvs) were eliminated by vaccination. most of these cvdpvs contained unidentified sequences in the nonstructural protein coding region which were considered to be derived from human enterovirus species c (hev-c) by recombination. in this study, we report isolation of a sabin 3-derived pv recombinant (cambodia-02) from an acute flaccid paralysis (af ... | 2005 | 16188967 |
| essential elements of the capsid protein for self-assembly into empty virus-like particles of hepatitis e virus. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is a noncultivable virus that causes acute liver failure in humans. the virus's major capsid protein is encoded by an open reading frame 2 (orf2) gene. when the recombinant protein consisting of amino acid (aa) residues 112 to 660 of orf2 is expressed with a recombinant baculovirus, the protein self-assembles into virus-like particles (vlps) (t.-c. li, y. yamakawa, k. suzuki, m. tatsumi, m. a. razak, t. uchida, n. takeda, and t. miyamura, j. virol. 71:7207-7213, 1997). vl ... | 2005 | 16189002 |
| markers of hepatitis viruses and human t-lymphotropic virus types i/ii in patients who have undergone open-heart surgery: evidence of increased risk for exposure to hbv and hev. | open-heart procedure is characterized by a high-risk for contracting blood-borne infections. we evaluated the prevalence of several markers of hepatitis viruses (b-e) and human t-cell lymphotropic virus types i/ii (htlv-i/ii) in a consecutive series of patients who had undergone open-heart surgery. | 2005 | 16198902 |
| [serological antibodies comparison of a hepatitis e outbreak]. | to compare the serological characters of an outbreak of hepatitis e and evaluate sensitivity and specificity of anti-hev e2-igm. | 2005 | 16201469 |
| [relationship between fatal severe from hepatitis occurred during chronic hepatitis b and superinfections of hepatotropic b e system status]. | to clarify the relationship between fatal severe form hepatitis occurred during chronic hepatitis b and superinfections of hepatitis a, c, d or e virus as well as hepatitis b e system status and to adopt corresponding measures to reduce the mortality of chronic hepatitis b. | 2005 | 16201474 |
| convert hepatitis c virus into a non-enveloped virus like hepatitis a, by targeting its envelope rather than the rna. | based on the current understanding of the differences between the structure of hepatitis c virus (hcv) in one hand and the hepatitis a and e viruses (hav and hev) in the other hand, we hypothesize that converting the hcv into a non-enveloped virus may be the required key step in allowing viral clearance and preventing chronic viremia. better understanding of the structure of hcv envelop, and of the mechanisms involved in its acquisition is essential for the development of agents that can interfe ... | 2006 | 16229965 |
| the effect of antigen targeting sequences on antibody responses to hepatitis e virus dna vaccines in rats and sheep. | expression of the capsid (porf2) protein of hepatitis e virus (hev) in mammalian cells results in heterogeneous intracellular processing with a mixture of stable and rapidly degraded forms, which might be expected to influence immune responses to dna immunisation. plasmids encoding the n-terminal 22 or 50 amino acids of porf2 (sig1 or sig3, respectively) fused at the n-terminus of the orf2.1 antigen of hev (amino acids 394-660 of porf2) were examined for processing in vitro and antibody response ... | 2006 | 16242219 |
| epidemiology and genotypes of hev in wuhan. | understanding the genotype and clinical features of the hepatitis e virus (hev) are important for understanding its characteristics, for evaluating region-specific diagnostic assays, and producing vaccines. | 2005 | 16246227 |
| genetic heterogeneity of hepatitis e virus in darfur, sudan, and neighboring chad. | the within-outbreak diversity of hepatitis e virus (hev) was studied during the outbreak of hepatitis e that occurred in sudan in 2004. specimens were collected from internally displaced persons living in a sudanese refugee camp and two camps implanted in chad. a comparison of the sequences in the orf2 region of 23 sudanese isolates and five hev samples from the two chadian camps displayed a high similarity (>99.7%) to strains belonging to genotype 1. but four isolates collected in one of the ch ... | 2005 | 16254969 |
| high prevalence of hepatitis e antibodies in pregnant egyptian women. | the epidemiology of hepatitis e virus (hev), an enterically-transmitted cause of acute viral hepatitis (avh), is not fully understood. during outbreaks on the indian subcontinent and elsewhere, hev causes severe avh with mortality rates around 20% during pregnancy. in egypt, where prevalence of hev antibodies (anti-hev) in rural communities is very high, severe hev-caused avh in pregnant women has not been reported. this study examined a cohort of 2,428 pregnant women in the nile delta to assess ... | 2006 | 16257426 |