Publications

mammalian stag3 is a cohesin specific to sister chromatid arms in meiosis i.	cohesins, which have been characterized in budding yeast and xenopus, are multisubunit protein complexes involved in sister chromatid cohesion. regulation of the interactions among different cohesin subunits and the assembly/disassembly of the cohesin complex to chromatin are key steps in chromosome segregation. we previously characterized the mammalian stag3 protein as a component of the synaptonemal complex that is specifically expressed in germinal cells, although its function in meiosis rema ...	2001	11483963
a membrane protein enriched in endoplasmic reticulum exit sites interacts with copii.	although all mammalian copii components have now been cloned, little is known of their interactions with other regulatory proteins involved in exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (er). we report here that a mammalian protein (yip1a) that is about 31% identical to s. cerevisiae and which interacts with and modulates copii-mediated er-golgi transport. yip1a transcripts are ubiquitously expressed. transcripts of a related mammalian homologue, yip1b, are found specifically in the heart. indirect imm ...	2001	11489904
analysis of the stress resistance of commercial wine yeast strains.	alcoholic fermentation is an essential step in wine production that is usually conducted by yeasts belonging to the species saccharomyces cerevisiae. the ability to carry out vinification is largely influenced by the response of yeast cells to the stress conditions that affect them during this process. in this work, we present a systematic analysis of the resistance of 14 commercial s. cerevisiae wine yeast strains to heat shock, ethanol, oxidative, osmotic and glucose starvation stresses. signi ...	2001	11491086
brca1 mediates ligand-independent transcriptional repression of the estrogen receptor.	mutational inactivation of brca1 confers a cumulative lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancers. however, the underlying basis for the tissue-restricted tumor-suppressive properties of brca1 remains poorly defined. here we show that brca1 mediates ligand-independent transcriptional repression of the estrogen receptor alpha (eralpha), a principal determinant of the growth, differentiation, and normal functional status of breasts and ovaries. in brca1-null mouse embryo fibroblasts and brca1-defi ...	2001	11493692
cloning and characterization of mouse ubpy, a deubiquitinating enzyme that interacts with the ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor cdc25(mm)/ras-grf1.	we used yeast "two-hybrid" screening to isolate cdna-encoding proteins interacting with the n-terminal domain of the ras nucleotide exchange factor cdc25(mm). three independent overlapping clones were isolated from a mouse embryo cdna library. the full-length cdna was cloned by race-polymerase chain reaction. it encodes a large protein (1080 amino acids) highly homologous to the human deubiquitinating enzyme hubpy and contains a well conserved domain typical of ubiquitin isopeptidases. therefore ...	2001	11500497
effects of dna nonhomologous end-joining factors on telomere length and chromosomal stability in mammalian cells.	dna repair by nonhomologous end-joining (nhej) relies on the ku70:ku80 heterodimer in species ranging from yeast to man. in saccharomyces cerevisiae and schizosaccharomyces pombe, ku also controls telomere functions. here, we show that ku70, ku80, and dna-pkcs, with which ku interacts, associate in vivo with telomeric dna in several human cell types, and we show that these associations are not significantly affected by dna-damaging agents. we also demonstrate that inactivation of ku80 or ku70 in ...	2001	11516951
interaction between growth arrest-dna damage protein 34 and src kinase lyn negatively regulates genotoxic apoptosis.	genotoxic stresses activate intracellular signaling molecules, which lead to growth arrest, dna repair, and/or apoptosis. among these molecules are the growth arrest and dna damage protein 34 (gadd34) and the src-related protein tyrosine kinase lyn. here, we report that these two proteins physically and functionally interact to regulate dna damage-induced apoptosis. multiple isolates of gadd34 and the related murine protein myd116 were identified as binding partners of lyn in a yeast two-hybrid ...	2001	11517336
characterization of a saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant with oversecretion phenotype.	an oversecreting mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae was obtained from about 400 meiotic segregants derived from thediploid cells made by crossing the hbsag-induced mutant ni-c with the wild-type strain sey6211. when transformed with a plasmid containing mouse alpha-amylase cdna, the mutant (ni-c-d4) exhibited an increased capacity (up to 13-fold) for the secretion of mouse alpha-amylase, higher than the parental strains and other standard wild-type strains. it was also shown that alpha-amylase s ...	2001	11525619
norc--a novel member of mammalian iswi-containing chromatin remodeling machines.	transcription by rna polymerase i on nucleosomal templates requires binding of the transcription termination factor ttf-i to a cognate site 160 bp upstream of the transcription start site. binding of ttf-i is accompanied by changes in the chromatin architecture which suggests that ttf-i recruits a remodeling activity to the rdna promoter. we have cloned a cdna that encodes tip5 (ttf-i-interacting protein 5), a 205 kda protein that shares a number of important protein domains with wstf (williams ...	2001	11532953
cloning and characterization of hmap126, a new member of mitotic spindle-associated proteins.	one novel gene product, hmap126, was demonstrated to interact with p29 in the yeast two-hybrid assay. the full-length cdna of hmap126 has been obtained and encodes a protein of 1120 amino acids. multiple tissue northern blot analysis showed that hmap126 was abundantly expressed in the testis. polyclonal antiserum against hmap126 was raised and affinity-purification of anti-hmap126 antibodies was performed. the subcellular distribution of hmap126 was localized to the mitotic spindle. furthermore, ...	2001	11549262
functional interaction of jun and homeodomain proteins.	we have used the yeast two-hybrid system to identify proteins that interact with the n-terminal region of c-jun, which is known to be involved in regulatory interactions. one of the proteins identified is the homeodomain-containing protein hex. the hex homeodomain is sufficient for interaction; moreover, the homeodomains of several other transcription factors also interact. mutations within helix iii of the hex homeodomain greatly reduce the interaction. in vitro, c-jun/c-fos, junb/c-fos, and ju ...	2001	11551904
connexin45 directly binds to zo-1 and localizes to the tight junction region in epithelial mdck cells.	zonula occludens protein 1 (zo-1) is a cytosolic tight junction protein that tethers transmembrane proteins such as occludin, claudin and junctional adhesion molecule to the actin cytoskeleton. the interaction between zo-1 and claudin or junctional adhesion molecule occurs via the amino-terminal psd95/dlg/zo-1 (pdz) domains in zo-1. a yeast two-hybrid screen to search for proteins that interact with the pdz domains of zo-1 identified connexin (cx) 45. cx45 interacts with the pdz domains of zo-1 ...	2001	11557048
molecular cloning of a cdna encoding mouse dna helicase b, which has homology to escherichia coli recd protein, and identification of a mutation in the dna helicase b from tsft848 temperature-sensitive dna replication mutant cells.	dna helicase b is a major dna helicase in mouse fm3a cells. a temperature-sensitive mutant defective in dna replication, tsft848, isolated from fm3a cells, has a heat-labile dna helicase b. in this study, we purified dna helicase b from mouse fm3a cells and determined partial amino acid sequences of the purified protein. by using a dna probe synthesized according to one of the partial amino acid sequences, a cdna was isolated, which encoded a 121.5 kda protein containing seven conserved motifs f ...	2001	11557815
msy2 and msy4 bind a conserved sequence in the 3' untranslated region of protamine 1 mrna in vitro and in vivo.	y-box proteins are major constituents of ribonucleoprotein particles (rnps) which contain translationally silent mrnas in gametic cells. we have recently shown that a sequence-specific rna binding activity present in spermatogenic cells contains the two y-box proteins msy2 and msy4. we show here that msy2 and msy4 bind a sequence, 5'-uccauca-3', present in the 3' untranslated region of the translationally repressed protamine 1 (prm1) mrna. using pre- and post-rnase t1-digested substrate rnas, it ...	2001	11564883
murine models for down syndrome.	the availability of the recently published dna sequence of human chromosome 21 (hsa21) is a landmark contribution that will have an immediate impact on the study of the role of specific genes to down syndrome (ds). trisomy 21 or ds is the only autosomal aneuploidy that is not lethal in the fetal or early postnatal period. ds phenotypes show variable penetrance, affecting many different organs, including brain (mental retardation, early onset of alzheimer's disease, ad), muscle (hypotonia), skele ...	2001	11566219
molecular characterization of the breakpoint region associated with a constitutional t(2;15)(q34;q26) in a patient with multiple myeloma.	the molecular cloning of the translocation breakpoints from constitutional chromosome rearrangements in patients with a variety of human diseases has consistently led to the isolation of genes important in the development of the phenotype. we used fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) to analyze the breakpoint region of a constitutional chromosome translocation involving regions 2q34 and 15q26 observed in a patient with multiple myeloma (mm), a malignant disorder of plasma cells secreting mo ...	2001	11566340
characterization of the human beta -glucan receptor and its alternatively spliced isoforms.	beta-1,3-d-glucans are biological response modifiers with potent effects on the immune system. a number of receptors are thought to play a role in mediating these responses, including murine dectin-1, which we recently identified as a beta-glucan receptor. in this study we describe the characterization of the human homologue of this receptor and show that it is structurally and functionally similar to the mouse receptor. the human beta-glucan receptor is a type ii transmembrane receptor with a s ...	2001	11567029
prpc directly interacts with proteins involved in signaling pathways.	the cellular prion protein (prp(c)) is a conserved glycoprotein predominantly expressed in neuronal cells. its purpose in living cells is still enigmatic. to elucidate on its cellular function, we performed a yeast two-hybrid screen for interactors. we used murine prp(c) (amino acids 23-231) as bait to search a mouse brain cdna expression library. several interaction partners were identified. three of them with a high homology to known sequences were further characterized. these candidates were ...	2001	11571277
pnrc2 is a 16 kda coactivator that interacts with nuclear receptors through an sh3-binding motif.	pnrc2 (proline-rich nuclear receptor co-regulatory protein 2) was identified using mouse steroidogenic factor 1 (sf1) as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screening of a human mammary gland cdna expression library. pnrc2 is an unusual coactivator in that it is the smallest coactivator identified so far, with a molecular weight of 16 kda, and interacts with nuclear receptors using a proline-rich sequence. in yeast two-hybrid assays pnrc2 interacted with orphan receptors sf1 and estrogen receptor-related ...	2001	11574675
cloning and characterization of gonadotropin-inducible ovarian transcription factors (giot1 and -2) that are novel members of the (cys)(2)-(his)(2)-type zinc finger protein family.	gonadotropins are essential for ovarian follicular development and differentiation. to identify genes that are rapidly induced by gonadotropin in the immature rat ovary, ovarian genes were screened by a subtraction cloning procedure. cdna clones encoding novel members of the (cys)(2)-(his)(2)-type zinc finger protein family giot1 and -2 (gonadotropin-inducible transcription factor 1 and 2), were identified. two isoforms of giot2 (giot2 alpha and 2 beta), which are probably produced by alternativ ...	2001	11579202
polyglutamine-expanded ataxin-7 antagonizes crx function and induces cone-rod dystrophy in a mouse model of sca7.	spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (sca7) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a cag repeat expansion. to determine the mechanism of neurotoxicity, we produced transgenic mice and observed a cone-rod dystrophy. nuclear inclusions were present, suggesting that the disease pathway involves the nucleus. when yeast two-hybrid assays indicated that cone-rod homeobox protein (crx) interacts with ataxin-7, we performed further studies to assess this interaction. we found that ataxin-7 and crx colocal ...	2001	11580893
conditional control of gene expression in the mouse.	one of the most powerful tools that the molecular biology revolution has given us is the ability to turn genes on and off at our discretion. in the mouse, this has been accomplished by using binary systems in which gene expression is dependent on the interaction of two components, resulting in either transcriptional transactivation or dna recombination. during recent years, these systems have been used to analyse complex and multi-staged biological processes, such as embryogenesis and cancer, wi ...	2001	11584291
recombineering: a powerful new tool for mouse functional genomics.	highly efficient phage-based escherichia coli homologous recombination systems have recently been developed that enable genomic dna in bacterial artificial chromosomes to be modified and subcloned, without the need for restriction enzymes or dna ligases. this new form of chromosome engineering, termed recombinogenic engineering or recombineering, is efficient and greatly decreases the time it takes to create transgenic mouse models by traditional means. recombineering also facilitates many kinds ...	2001	11584293
intracellular localization of the ret finger protein depends on a functional nuclear export signal and protein kinase c activation.	the ret finger protein (rfp) was identified initially as an oncogene product and belongs to a family of proteins that contain a tripartite motif consisting of a ring finger, a b box, and a coiled-coil domain. rfp represses transcription by interacting with enhancer of polycomb and is localized to the cytoplasm or nucleus depending on the cell type. here, we have identified the nuclear export signal (nes) located in the coiled-coil region of rfp. mutation of this nes or treatment with leptomycin ...	2001	11591718
functional interaction of yaf2 with the central region of mycn.	mycn is often amplified in advanced-stage neuroblastomas with the consequence of enhanced mycn protein expression. by employing the yeast two-hybrid system we found that yaf2 binds to the central region of mycn. binding was also seen in vitro and in vivo. ectopically expressed yaf2, like mycn, is localized in the nuclei of neuroblastoma cells. endogenous yaf2 is expressed in all three tested neuroblastoma cell lines, all of which also express mycn. yaf2 was able to enhance mycn-mediated transact ...	2001	11593398
neutralization of human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) by serum from women vaccinated with yeast-derived hpv-11 l1 virus-like particles: correlation with competitive radioimmunoassay titer.	neutralization of human papillomavirus type 11 (hpv-11) has been demonstrated using serum and cervical secretions from primates vaccinated with virus-like particles (vlps). theoretically, neutralizing antibodies could protect women from hpv infection. the immunogenicity of a yeast-derived hpv-11 l1 vlp vaccine was tested in women. serum specimens were evaluated for hpv-11 titer by competitive radioimmunoassay (cria) and for neutralization by use of the athymic mouse xenograft system. analysis of ...	2001	11598842
rhabdoviruses and the cellular ubiquitin-proteasome system: a budding interaction.	the matrix (m) proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and rabies virus (rv) play a key role in both assembly and budding of progeny virions. a pppy motif (py motif or late-budding domain) is conserved in the m proteins of vsv and rv. these py motifs are important for virus budding and for mediating interactions with specific cellular proteins containing ww domains. the py motif and flanking sequences of the m protein of vsv were used as bait to screen a mouse embryo cdna library for cellul ...	2001	11602704
characterization of the mouse dazap1 gene encoding an rna-binding protein that interacts with infertility factors daz and dazl.	dazap1 (daz associated protein 1) was originally identified by a yeast two-hybrid system through its interaction with a putative male infertility factor, daz (deleted in azoospermia). in vitro, dazap1 interacts with both the y chromosome-encoded daz and an autosome-encoded daz-like protein, dazl. dazap1 contains two rna-binding domains (rbds) and a proline-rich c-terminal portion, and is expressed most abundantly in the testis. to understand the biological function of dazap1 and the significance ...	2001	11604102
development of saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model pathogen. a system for the genetic identification of gene products required for survival in the mammalian host environment.	saccharomyces cerevisiae, a close relative of the pathogenic candida species, is an emerging opportunistic pathogen. an isogenic series of s. cerevisiae strains, derived from a human clinical isolate, were used to examine the role of evolutionarily conserved pathways in fungal survival in a mouse host. as is the case for the corresponding candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans mutants, s. cerevisiae purine and pyrimidine auxotrophs were severely deficient in survival, consistent with there ...	2001	11606528
the hairless gene mutated in congenital hair loss disorders encodes a novel nuclear receptor corepressor.	the mammalian hairless (hr) gene plays a critical role in the maintenance of hair growth. although the hr gene has been identified, the biochemical function of its encoded protein (hr) has remained obscure. here, we show that hr functions as a transcriptional corepressor for thyroid hormone receptors (trs). we find that two independent regions of hr mediate tr binding and that interaction requires a cluster of hydrophobic residues similar to the binding motifs proposed for nuclear receptor corep ...	2001	11641275
lim-domain protein cysteine- and glycine-rich protein 2 (crp2) is a novel marker of hepatic stellate cells and binding partner of the protein inhibitor of activated stat1.	activation of hepatic stellate cells is considered to be the main step in the development of liver fibrosis, which is characterized by the transition of quiescent vitamin-a-rich cells to proliferative, fibrogenic and contractile myofibroblasts. the identification of regulatory genes during early cell activation and transdifferentiation is essential to extend our knowledge of hepatic fibrogenesis. in liver, the gene csrp2 is exclusively expressed by stellate cells, whereas no transcripts are dete ...	2001	11672422
mouse atp6f, the gene encoding the 23-kda proteolipid of vacuolar proton translocating atpase.	the 23-kda proteolipid subunit of mouse vacuolar-type proton-translocating atpase (v-atpase) was predicted to be a hydrophobic polypeptide of 205 amino acid residues with five putative transmembrane segments. it exhibits sequence similarity to vma16p of saccharomyces cerevisiae and vha-4 of caenorhabdittis elegans (83 and 84%, respectively). southern blot analysis indicated that the proteolipid is encoded by a single gene, atp6f, in the mouse genome. atp6f was mapped to approximately 55 cm on ch ...	2001	11675001
a comprehensive collection of mouse zinc finger motifs compiled by molecular indexing.	the c(2)h(2) zinc finger motif found in many transcription factors is thought to be for nucleic acid binding and/or dimerization. nearly 1% of eukaryote genes are estimated to encode this motif. we investigated the gene family encoding this motif in the mus musculus mrna by molecular indexing, a technique used to select a subpopulation of cdna by ligation of adapters to cdna fragments digested by a class iis restriction enzyme(s). in place of oligo-dt primers in the original method, a polymerase ...	2001	11675002
evidence that grip, a pdz-domain protein which is expressed in the embryonic forebrain, co-activates transcription with dlx homeodomain proteins.	the dlx homeodomain proteins control development of the basal ganglia and branchial arches. to identify co-factors that regulate dlx function we utilized the yeast two-hybrid assay, and found a dlx interacting protein (dip2) which binds to the n-terminal region of dlx2 via a pdz domain. dip2 appears to be an alternatively spliced form of grip1, a protein known to bind ampa glutamate receptors via pdz domains. thus, we named it grip1b. we provide evidence that grip1b can function as a transcripti ...	2001	11675124
expression, characterization and crystallization of the fv fragment of mouse antibody 3b62 from the secondary immune response.	affinity of antibodies increases in the course of the immune response. mouse anti-nitrophenol antibody 3b62 from the secondary immune response shows higher affinity than the primary-response antibodies. an expression system for the 3b62 fv fragment was constructed by introducing coding regions for the v(l) and v(h) into the genome of the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris. each of the coding regions was placed downstream of the coding region for the secretion signal of the yeast alpha-factor. ...	2001	11679751
sorcs1, a member of the novel sorting receptor family, is localized in somata and dendrites of neurons throughout the murine brain.	the expression of the sorcs1 protein in the central nervous system of adult mice was studied by immunohistochemistry. a detailed mapping revealed a distribution of sorcs1 immunoreactivity in a widespread population of neurons throughout the brain. two different types of cellular localization were observed. many neurons exhibited a punctate cytoplasmic staining which extended into the dendrites, in other neurons sorcs1 immunoreactivity was associated with the plasma membrane. this suggests variab ...	2001	11684345
altered transcription in yeast expressing expanded polyglutamine.	expanded polyglutamine tracts are responsible for at least eight fatal neurodegenerative diseases. in mouse models, proteins with expanded polyglutamine cause transcriptional dysregulation before onset of symptoms, suggesting that this dysregulation may be an early event in polyglutamine pathogenesis. transcriptional dysregulation and cellular toxicity may be due to interaction between expanded polyglutamine and the histone acetyltransferase creb-binding protein. to determine whether polyglutami ...	2001	11687606
multi-pdz domain protein 1 (mupp1) is concentrated at tight junctions through its possible interaction with claudin-1 and junctional adhesion molecule.	claudins, most of which end in valine at their cooh termini, constitute tight junction (tj) strands, suggesting that tj strands strongly attract pdz-containing proteins. indeed, zo-1, -2, and -3, each of which contains three pdz domains, were shown to directly bind to claudins. using the yeast two-hybrid system, we identified zo-1 and mupp1 (multi-pdz domain protein 1) as binding partners for the cooh terminus of claudin-1. mupp1 has been identified as a protein that contains 13 pdz domains, but ...	2002	11689568
identification of components of the murine histone deacetylase 6 complex: link between acetylation and ubiquitination signaling pathways.	the immunopurification of the endogenous cytoplasmic murine histone deacetylase 6 (mhdac6), a member of the class ii hdacs, from mouse testis cytosolic extracts allowed the identification of two associated proteins. both were mammalian homologues of yeast proteins known to interact with each other and involved in the ubiquitin signaling pathway: p97/vcp/cdc48p, a homologue of yeast cdc48p, and phospholipase a2-activating protein, a homologue of yeast ufd3 (ubiquitin fusion degradation protein 3) ...	2001	11689694
a yeast sensor of ligand binding.	we describe a biosensor that reports the binding of small-molecule ligands to proteins as changes in growth of temperature-sensitive yeast. the yeast strains lack dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and are complemented by mouse dhfr containing a ligand-binding domain inserted in a flexible loop. yeast strains expressing two ligand-binding domain fusions, fkbp12-dhfr and estrogen receptor-alpha (eralpha)-dhfr, show increased growth in the presence of their corresponding ligands. we used this sensor t ...	2001	11689849
human homolog of mouse tescalcin associates with na(+)/h(+) exchanger type-1.	a novel regulatory protein, tescalcin (tsc), recently isolated from mouse embryonic testes, has been implicated in gonadal differentiation. employing the yeast two-hybrid system with the na(+)/h(+) exchanger type-1 (nhe1) carboxyterminal domain as a bait we have identified a novel nhe1-associated protein of 214 amino acid residues representing the human homolog of mouse tsc (96.7% identity). co-precipitation experiments demonstrated the interaction of human tsc with nhe1 in vitro and in vivo, an ...	2001	11696366
olf-1/early b cell factor is a regulator of glut4 gene expression in 3t3-l1 adipocytes.	a negative regulatory element in the 5'-flanking region of the murine glut4 gene mediates chronic insulin- and camp-induced repression in 3t3-l1 adipocytes. previous work demonstrated that members of the nuclear factor 1 (nf1) family of transcription factors and an unidentified factor bind to and mediate repression from this regulatory element. by using a yeast one-hybrid screen, olf-1/early b cell factor (o/e-1) was isolated as a candidate for this unidentified factor. a protein complex from 3t ...	2002	11696544
role of src kinases and syk in fcgamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis and phagosome-lysosome fusion.	phagocytosis is increased by fcgamma receptors (fcgammars), and studies with syk(-/-) macrophages demonstrated that syk kinase is required for fcgammar phagocytosis. similar studies with macrophages lacking the src family kinases hck, fgr, and lyn showed that these kinases are not required for phagocytosis but that they enhance the rate of particle engulfment. in this report we show that both wild-type and hck(-/-)fgr(-/-) macrophages expressed fyn, src, and yes and that these kinases were activ ...	2001	11698501
hsh2: a novel sh2 domain-containing adapter protein involved in tyrosine kinase signaling in hematopoietic cells.	we isolated a cdna clone encoding a novel src homology (sh)2 domain-containing protein of 47 kda from a human cdna library. as its transcript was predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells, this gene was termed hsh2 for hematopoietic sh2 protein. this protein contains several putative protein-binding motifs, sh3-binding proline-rich regions, and phosphotyrosine sites, but lacks enzymatic motifs. in a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified a cytokine-regulated tyrosine kinase c-fes and an act ...	2001	11700021
wdchs2p, a class i chitin synthase, together with wdchs3p (class iii) contributes to virulence in wangiella (exophiala) dermatitidis.	the chitin synthase structural gene wdchs2 was isolated by screening a subgenomic dna library of wangiella dermatitidis by using a 0.6-kb pcr product of the gene as a probe. the nucleotide sequence revealed a 2,784-bp open reading frame, which encoded 928 amino acids, with a 59-bp intron near its 5' end. derived protein sequences showed highest amino acid identities with those derived from the cichs1 gene of coccidioides immitis and the anchsc gene of aspergillus nidulans. the derived sequence a ...	2001	11705928
strains of [psi(+)] are distinguished by their efficiencies of prion-mediated conformational conversion.	yeast prions are protein-based genetic elements that produce phenotypes through self-perpetuating changes in protein conformation. for the prion [psi(+)] this protein is sup35, which is comprised of a prion-determining region (nm) fused to a translational termination region. [psi(+)] strains (variants) with different heritable translational termination defects (weak or strong) can exist in the same genetic background. [psi(+)] variants are reminiscent of mammalian prion strains, which can be pas ...	2001	11707395
physical and transcriptional map of the mouse chromosome 10 proximal region syntenic to human 6q16-q21.	toward the isolation of the grey-lethal (gl) gene, we have genetically localized this locus on mouse chromosome (chr) 10 between the fyn gene and the d10mit148 microsatellite marker. here, we have screened five yeast artificial chromosome (yac) libraries and isolated more than 100 yac clones mapping to this region. forty-two clones were characterized and assembled in an approximately 8.5 megabases (mb) contig showing high linkage conservation with the human 6q16-q21 interval. during this study, ...	2001	11707774
'srcasm: a novel src activating and signaling molecule.	the src family tyrosine kinase, fyn, can facilitate regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. mice with mutations in the fyn gene have defects in the brain, immune system, and epidermal differentiation. to identify molecules that may interact with fyn in the epidermis, we performed a yeast two-hybrid interaction screen of a murine keratinocyte library. a novel adaptor-like molecule was isolated and termed srcasm for src activating and signaling molecule. murine srcasm is a 52.7-kda p ...	2002	11711534
rescue of the friedreich's ataxia knockout mouse by human yac transgenesis.	we have generated and characterised transgenic mice that contain the entire friedreich's ataxia gene (frda) within a human yac clone of 370 kb. in an effort to overcome the embryonic lethality of homozygous frda knockout mice and to study the behaviour of human frataxin in a mouse cellular environment, we bred the frda yac transgene onto the null mouse background. phenotypically normal offspring that express only yac-derived human frataxin were identified. the human frataxin was expressed in the ...	2001	11714098
disabled-1 interacts with a novel developmentally regulated protocadherin.	disabled-1 (dab1) is an intracellular adapter protein that mediates the effect of reelin on neuronal migration and cell positioning during mammalian brain development. to identify components of the reelin-dab1 signaling pathway, we searched for proteins that interact with dab1 using a yeast two-hybrid strategy. we found that the dab1 phosphotyrosine binding (ptb) domain interacts with a novel protocadherin, orthologous to human protocadherin 18. mouse pcdh18 (mpcdh18), which consists of four exo ...	2001	11716507
interferon-induced antiviral mx1 gtpase is associated with components of the sumo-1 system and promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear bodies.	mx proteins are interferon-induced large gtpases, some of which have antiviral activity against a variety of viruses. the murine mx1 protein accumulates in the nucleus of interferon-treated cells and is active against members of the orthomyxoviridae family, such as the influenza viruses and thogoto virus. the mechanism by which mx1 exerts its antiviral action is still unclear, but an involvement of undefined nuclear factors has been postulated. using the yeast two-hybrid system, we identified ce ...	2001	11716541
raver1, a dual compartment protein, is a ligand for ptb/hnrnpi and microfilament attachment proteins.	by screening a yeast two-hybrid library with cooh-terminal fragments of vinculin/metavinculin as the bait, we identified a new protein termed raver1. raver1 is an 80-kd multidomain protein and widely expressed but to varying amounts in different cell lines. in situ and in vitro, raver1 forms complexes with the microfilament-associated proteins vinculin, metavinculin, and alpha-actinin and colocalizes with vinculin/metavinculin and alpha-actinin at microfilament attachment sites, such as cell-cel ...	2001	11724819
association of mouse sorting nexin 1 with early endosomes.	sorting nexin 1 (snx1) is a protein that binds to the cytoplasmic domain of plasma membrane receptors. we found that mouse sorting nexin 1 (snx1) (521 amino acid residues) could partially rescue a yeast vam3 mutant defective in docking/fusion of vacuolar membranes. in mammalian cells, snx1 is peripherally associated with membrane structures and localized immunochemically with eea1, a marker protein of early endosomes. these results suggest that snx1 regulates endocytic trafficking of plasma memb ...	2001	11726276
fission yeast rad50 stimulates sister chromatid recombination and links cohesion with repair.	to study the role of rad50 in the dna damage response, we cloned and deleted the schizosaccharomyces pombe rad50 homologue. the deletion is sensitive to a range of dna-damaging agents and shows dynamic epistatic interactions with other recombination-repair genes. we show that rad50 is necessary for recombinational repair of the dna lesion at the mating-type locus and that rad50delta shows slow dna replication. we also find that rad50 is not required for slowing down s phase in response to hydrox ...	2001	11726502
the arabidopsis thaliana ethylene-responsive element binding protein (atebp) can function as a dominant suppressor of bax-induced cell death of yeast.	we identified genes based on screening of an arabidopsis cdna library for functional suppressors of mouse bax-induced cell death of yeast cells. interestingly, the cdna encoding atebp, known as arabidopsis thaliana ethylene-responsive element binding protein, was isolated numerous times in the functional screen (82% of all suppressors). full-length atebp and its localization to the nucleus were essential for the suppression of bax-induced cell death. morphological abnormality of intracellular ne ...	2001	11728455
interaction of ced-6/gulp, an adapter protein involved in engulfment of apoptotic cells with ced-1 and cd91/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (lrp).	the prompt clearance of cells undergoing apoptosis is critical during embryonic development, normal tissue turnover, as well as inflammation and autoimmunity. the molecular details of the engulfment of apoptotic cells are not fully understood. ced-6 and its human homologue gulp, encode an adapter protein, whose function in engulfment is highly evolutionarily conserved; however, the upstream and downstream components of ced-6 mediated signaling are not known. recently, ced-1 has been shown to enc ...	2002	11729193
identification and characterization of agtrap, a human homolog of murine angiotensin ii receptor-associated protein (agtrap).	several classes of cytoplasmic proteins have been found to interact specifically with the carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic region of the angiotensin ii type 1 (at(1)) receptor to regulate different aspects of at(1) receptor physiology. the murine angiotensin ii receptor-associated protein (agtrap) is a new member of them. we have recently cloned a new human gene cdna that codes for a homolog of the murine agtrap protein from a human fetal brain cdna library. the deduced polypeptide product of the c ...	2002	11733189
molecular effects of eya1 domain mutations causing organ defects in bor syndrome.	eya1 is a critical gene for mammalian organogenesis. mutations in human eya1 cause branchio-oto-renal (bor) syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by varying combinations of branchial, otic and renal anomalies, whereas deletion of mouse eya1 results in the absence of multiple organ formation. eya1 and other eya gene products share a highly conserved 271 amino acid eya domain that is required for protein-protein interaction. recently, several point mutations that result in single ...	2001	11734542
correlations between mrna expression levels and gc contents of coding and untranslated regions of genes in rodents.	gene expression is regulated by a highly coordinated network of events whose efficiency may constrain the level of expression. among other factors, natural selection for increased translational efficiency and/or fidelity may shape nucleotide composition and, hence, codon usage during evolution. previous studies have shown that highly expressed genes in saccharomyces cerevisiae, caenorhabditis elegans, and drosophila melanogaster have relatively higher codon usage biases. however, in the case of ...	2002	11734896
interaction of dna polymerase beta with grip1 during meiosis.	dna polymerase beta (pol beta) is an essential enzyme that has been shown to localize as discrete foci to the synaptonemal complex during meiosis in the mouse. to identify proteins that associate with pol beta during meiosis, we employed the yeast two-hybrid screen. here we show that a multiple pdz domain-containing protein, the glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 (grip1), interacts specifically with pol beta. the pdz domain-containing proteins, including grip1, act as scaffolds to promote ...	2001	11734998
crystal structure of sar1-gdp at 1.7 a resolution and the role of the nh2 terminus in er export.	the sar1 gtpase is an essential component of copii vesicle coats involved in export of cargo from the er. we report the 1.7-a structure of sar1 and find that consistent with the sequence divergence of sar1 from arf family gtpases, sar1 is structurally distinct. in particular, we show that the sar1 nh2 terminus contains two regions: an nh2-terminal extension containing an evolutionary conserved hydrophobic motif that facilitates membrane recruitment and activation by the mammalian sec12 guanine n ...	2001	11739406
gene expression profiling of low selenium status in the mouse intestine: transcriptional activation of genes linked to dna damage, cell cycle control and oxidative stress.	the essential trace mineral selenium (se) has been shown previously to inhibit intestinal, prostate, lung and liver tumor development and associated mortality in both experimental animals and humans. although se is likely to be one of the most powerful cancer chemopreventive agents in the human diet, its mechanism of action is unknown. to better understand the biological consequences of alterations in se status, the gene expression profile associated with low se status in the intestine of c57bl/ ...	2001	11739862
expression of ccaat/enhancer binding protein family genes in monolayer and sandwich culture of hepatocytes: induction of stress-inducible gadd153.	removal of hepatocytes from their physiological environment for experimentation in vitro activates loss of liver-specific phenotype. hepatocytes cultured in a sandwich configuration reportedly maintain greater expression of certain liver-specific genes than hepatocytes in monolayer cultures. we show that sandwich culture of rat hepatocytes improves retention of expression of a liver-enriched transcription factor, c/ebpalpha (ccaat/enhancer binding protein alpha), which regulates many liver-speci ...	2001	11741281
artifactual uncoupling by uncoupling protein 3 in yeast mitochondria at the concentrations found in mouse and rat skeletal-muscle mitochondria.	western blots detected uncoupling protein 3 (ucp3) in skeletal-muscle mitochondria from wild-type but not ucp3 knock-out mice. calibration with purified recombinant ucp3 showed that mouse and rat skeletal muscle contained 0.14 microg of ucp3/mg of mitochondrial protein. this very low ucp3 content is 200-700-fold less than the concentration of ucp1 in brown-adipose-tissue mitochondria from warm-adapted hamster (24-84 microg of ucp1/mg of mitochondrial protein). ucp3 was present in brown-adipose-t ...	2002	11743882
ras participates in the activation of p38 mapk by interleukin-1 by associating with irak, irak2, traf6, and tak-1.	interleukin-1 (il-1) activates p38 map kinase via the small g protein ras, and this activity can be down-regulated by another small g protein rap. here we have further investigated the role of ras and rap in p38 mapk activation by il-1. transient transfection of cells with constitutively active forms of the known il-1 signaling components myd88, irak, and traf-6, or the upstream kinases mkk6 and mkk3, activated p38 mapk. dominant negative forms of these were found to inhibit activation of p38 ma ...	2002	11744690
nuclear localization of duplin, a beta-catenin-binding protein, is essential for its inhibitory activity on the wnt signaling pathway.	duplin binds to beta-catenin and inhibits the wnt signaling pathway, thereby leading to repression of the beta-catenin-mediated transactivation and xenopus axis formation. to find an additional function of duplin, yeast two-hybrid screening was carried out. importin alpha was isolated as a binding protein of duplin. importin alpha bound directly to basic amino acid clusters of duplin. although duplin was present in the nucleus, deletion of the basic amino acid clusters (duplin(delta 500-584)) re ...	2002	11744694
regulation of meiotic recombination and prophase i progression in mammals.	meiosis is the process by which diploid germ cells divide to produce haploid gametes for sexual reproduction. the process is highly conserved in eukaryotes, however the recent availability of mouse models for meiotic recombination has revealed surprising regulatory differences between simple unicellular organisms and those with increasingly complex genomes. moreover, in these higher eukaryotes, the intervention of physiological and sex-specific factors may also influence how meiotic recombinatio ...	2001	11746216
n4wbp5, a potential target for ubiquitination by the nedd4 family of proteins, is a novel golgi-associated protein.	nedd4 belongs to a family of ubiquitin-protein ligases that is characterized by 2--4 ww domains, a carboxyl-terminal hect (homologous to e6-ap carboxyl terminus)domain and in most cases an amino-terminal c2 domain. we had previously identified a series of proteins that associates with the ww domains of nedd4. in this paper, we demonstrate that one of the nedd4-binding proteins, n4wbp5, belongs to a small group of evolutionarily conserved proteins with three transmembrane domains. n4wbp5 binds ne ...	2002	11748237
classification of pdz domains.	a diverse family of pdz domains has been identified, but the rules that govern their ligand specificity are not clear. here we propose a novel classification of pdz domains based on the nature of amino acids in the two critical positions in the pdz domain fold. using these principles, we classified pdz domains present in the smart database. using yeast two-hybrid, in vitro pull-down and plasmon surface resonance assays, we demonstrated that in agreement with their position in the proposed classi ...	2001	11749973
the fission yeast es2 homologue, bis1, interacts with the ish1 stress-responsive nuclear envelope protein.	in fission yeast, nutrient starvation induces physiological, biochemical, and morphological changes that enable survival. collectively these changes are referred to as stationary phase. we have used a green fluorescent protein random insertional mutagenesis system to isolate two novel stress-response proteins required in stationary phase. ish1 is a nuclear envelope protein that is present throughout the cell cycle and whose expression is increased in response to stresses such as glucose and nitr ...	2002	11751918
a novel zinc finger protein that inhibits osteoclastogenesis and the function of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6.	a variety of surface receptors eliciting diverse cellular responses have been shown to recruit tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (traf) adaptor molecules. however, a few traf-interacting intracellular proteins that serve as downstream targets or regulators of traf function have been identified. in search of new intracellular molecules that bind traf6, we carried out a yeast two-hybrid cdna library screening with an n-terminal segment of traf6 as the bait. a novel human c(2)h(2)-ty ...	2002	11751921
specific tetraspanin functions.	relatively little attention has been given to the large family of abundantly expressed transmembrane proteins known as tetraspanins. now, the importance of tetraspanins is strongly supported by emerging genetic evidence, coupled with new insights into the biochemistry and functions of tetraspanin protein complexes.	2001	11756464
specific interaction of smn, the spinal muscular atrophy determining gene product, with hnrnp-r and gry-rbp/hnrnp-q: a role for smn in rna processing in motor axons?	spinal muscular atrophy (sma), the most common hereditary motor neuron disease in children and young adults is caused by mutations in the telomeric survival motor neuron (smn1) gene. the human genome, in contrast to mouse, contains a second smn gene (smn2) which codes for a gene product which is alternatively spliced at the c-terminus, but also gives rise to low levels of full-length smn protein. the reason why reduced levels of the ubiquitously expressed smn protein lead to specific motor neuro ...	2002	11773003
expression profiles of p53-, p16(ink4a)-, and telomere-regulating genes in replicative senescent primary human, mouse, and chicken fibroblast cells.	replicative senescence is known to be an intrinsic mechanism in determining the finite life span of in vitro cultured cells. since this process is recognized as an evolutionarily conserved mechanism from yeast to mammalian cells, we compared the senescence-associated genetic alterations in the p53, p16(ink4a), and telomere regulatory pathways using replicative senescent human, mouse, and chicken fibroblast cells. normal human diploid fibroblast (hdf; wi38) and chicken embryonic fibroblast (cef) ...	2002	11777345
ire1 couples endoplasmic reticulum load to secretory capacity by processing the xbp-1 mrna.	the unfolded protein response (upr), caused by stress, matches the folding capacity of endoplasmic reticulum (er) to the load of client proteins in the organelle. in yeast, processing of hac1 mrna by activated ire1 leads to synthesis of the transcription factor hac1 and activation of the upr. the responses to activated ire1 in metazoans are less well understood. here we demonstrate that mutations in either ire-1 or the transcription-factor-encoding xbp-1 gene abolished the upr in caenorhabditis ...	2002	11780124
design and application of a cytokine-receptor-based interaction trap.	ligand-induced clustering of type i cytokine receptor subunits leads to trans-phosphorylation and activation of associated cytosolic janus kinases (jaks). in turn, jaks phosphorylate tyrosine residues in the receptor tails, leading to recruitment and activation of signalling molecules. among these, signal transducers and activators of transcription (stats) are important in the direct transmission of signals to the nucleus. here, we show that incorporation of an interaction trap in a signalling-d ...	2001	11781573
molecular cloning and functional characterization of mouse coactosin-like protein.	coactosin was first isolated from dictyostelium discoideum and, as reported, human coactosin-like protein (clp) was identified in a yeast two-hybrid screen using 5-lipoxygenase (5lo) as a bait. a mouse clp (mclp) cdna clone was identified among embl/genbank est sequences. the derived amino acid sequence (142 residues) was 95.1% identical with human clp. here, we also show that mclp interacts with actin and 5lo in the two-hybrid system. high-speed cosedimentation assays and gst-binding assays con ...	2002	11785969
molecular cloning of eset, a novel histone h3-specific methyltransferase that interacts with erg transcription factor.	the ets-related gene erg encodes a transcription factor that is implicated in the control of cell growth and differentiation. to identify interacting partners of erg, we screened a yeast two-hybrid cdna library constructed from mouse hematopoietic cells using the n-terminal region of erg as a bait. we isolated a 4.6 kb full-length mouse cdna encoding a 1307-amino acid protein migrating as a 180 kd band, which was termed eset (erg-associated protein with set domain). eset is 92% identical to the ...	2002	11791185
the interaction of pax5 (bsap) with daxx can result in transcriptional activation in b cells.	pax5 (bsap) is essential for b cell development and acts both as a transcriptional activator and a repressor. using a yeast two-hybrid assay to identify potential coregulators of pax5, we identified daxx, a protein that is highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed, and essential for embryonic mouse development. the interaction between pax5 and daxx involves the partial homeodomain of pax5 and the c-terminal fragment of daxx. a component of promyelocytic leukemia protein nuclear bodies, daxx has b ...	2002	11799127
[study on anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of bagmaking tea of sanyaku].	to observe anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects of the bagmaking tea of sanyaku in rats.	2001	11799781
a role for rad23 proteins in 26s proteasome-dependent protein degradation?	treatment of cells with genotoxic agents affects protein degradation in both positive and negative ways. exposure of s. cerevisiae to the alkylating agent mms resulted in activation of genes that are involved in ubiquitin- and 26s proteasome-dependent protein degradation. this process partially overlaps with the activation of the er-associated protein degradation pathway. the dna repair protein rad23p and its mammalian homologues have been shown to inhibit degradation of specific substrates in r ...	2002	11804604
a p21(waf1)-independent pathway for inhibitory phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinase p34(cdc2) and concomitant g(2)/m arrest by the chemopreventive flavonoid apigenin.	apigenin, a nonmutagenic flavonoid, has been shown to inhibit ultraviolet light-induced skin tumorigenesis when topically applied to mouse skin. our previous studies have shown that apigenin treatment of cultured mouse keratinocytes induces g(2)/m arrest accompanied by an increase in p53 protein stability and expression of p21(waf1). in this study, we determined whether the g(2)/m arrest induced by apigenin was dependent upon the presence of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21(waf1). we ex ...	2002	11807956
role for the adaptor protein grb10 in the activation of akt.	grb10 is a member of the grb7 family of adapter proteins lacking intrinsic enzymatic function and encodes functional domains including a pleckstrin homology (ph) domain and an sh2 domain. the role of different grb10 splice variants in signal transduction of growth factors like insulin or insulin-like growth factor has been described as inhibitory or stimulatory depending on the presence of a functional ph and/or sh2 domain. performing a yeast two-hybrid screen with the c-kit cytoplasmic tail fus ...	2002	11809791
developmental defects and male sterility in mice lacking the ubiquitin-like dna repair gene mhr23b.	mhr23b encodes one of the two mammalian homologs of saccharomyces cerevisiae rad23, a ubiquitin-like fusion protein involved in nucleotide excision repair (ner). part of mhr23b is complexed with the xpc protein, and this heterodimer functions as the main damage detector and initiator of global genome ner. while xpc defects exist in humans and mice, mutations for mhr23a and mhr23b are not known. here, we present a mouse model for mhr23b. unlike xpc-deficient cells, mhr23b(-/-) mouse embryonic fib ...	2002	11809813
a yeast artificial chromosome containing the human preprotachykinin-a gene expresses substance p in mice and drives appropriate marker-gene expression during early brain embryogenesis.	we have produced a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) transgenic model containing the human preprotachykinin-a gene (hppta) that can drive appropriate expression of beta-galactosidase within the adult mouse brain. here, we investigate its embryonic expression to assess the transcriptional regulation of the ppta gene during the development of several neural pathways later affected by disease in humans. we demonstrate that the human ppta gene regulatory region is active in appropriate areas of the ...	2002	11817899
an intact nedd8 pathway is required for cullin-dependent ubiquitylation in mammalian cells.	skp1-cdc53/cul1-f-box (scf) complexes constitute a class of e3 ubiquitin ligases. recently, a multiprotein complex containing pvhl, elongin c and cul2 (vec) was shown to structurally and functionally resemble scf complexes. cdc53 and the cullins can become covalently linked to the ubiquitin-like molecule rub1/nedd8. inhibition of neddylation inhibits scf function in vitro and in yeast and plants. here we show that ongoing neddylation is likewise required for vec function in vitro and for the deg ...	2002	11818338
the activating enzyme of nedd8 inhibits steroid receptor function.	coregulator proteins, coactivators and corepressors, have a profound influence on steroid receptor activity and play a role in regulating receptor levels. to identify novel coregulators of nuclear receptors, we used the ligand-binding and hinge region of eralpha as bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen of a cdna library derived from rat uterine luminal epithelium. we report the cloning and characterization of a cdna encoding a protein homologous to yeast and human ubiquitin-activating enzyme 3 (uba3 ...	2002	11818503
insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (igfbp-5) interacts with a four and a half lim protein 2 (fhl2).	recent studies using insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) knockout mice demonstrate that igf-binding protein (igfbp)-5, an important bone formation regulator, itself is a growth factor with cellular effects not dependent on igfs. because igfbp-5 contains a nuclear localization sequence that mediates transport of igfbp-5 into the nucleus, we propose that igfbp-5 interacts with nuclear proteins to affect transcription of genes involved in bone formation. we therefore undertook studies to identify ...	2002	11821401
assembly and iron-binding properties of human frataxin, the protein deficient in friedreich ataxia.	friedreich ataxia (frda) is an autosomal recessive degenerative disease caused by a deficiency of frataxin, a conserved mitochondrial protein of unknown function. mitochondrial iron accumulation, loss of iron-sulfur cluster-containing enzymes and increased oxidative damage occur in yeast and mouse frataxin-depleted mutants as well as tissues and cell lines from frda patients, suggesting that frataxin may be involved in export of iron from the mitochondria, synthesis of iron-sulfur clusters and/o ...	2002	11823441
interaction of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 and the adapter protein sh2-b. a role in stat5 activation.	fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (fgfr3) influences a diverse array of biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and migration. activating mutations in fgfr3 are associated with multiple myeloma, cervical carcinoma, and bladder cancer. to identify proteins that interact with fgfr3 and which may mediate fgfr3-dependent signaling, a yeast two-hybrid screen was employed using the cytoplasmic kinase domain of fgfr3 as bait. we identified the adapter protein sh2-b as an fgfr3-i ...	2002	11827956
a dna vaccine encoding the 42 kda c-terminus of merozoite surface protein 1 of plasmodium falciparum induces antibody, interferon-gamma and cytotoxic t cell responses in rhesus monkeys: immuno-stimulatory effects of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor.	we have constructed a dna plasmid vaccine encoding the c-terminal 42-kda region of the merozoite surface protein 1 (pmsp1(42)) from the 3d7 strain of plasmodium falciparum (pf3d7). this plasmid expressed recombinant msp1(42) after in vitro transfection in mouse vm92 cells. rhesus monkeys immunized with pmsp1(42) produced antibodies reactive with pf3d7 infected erythrocytes by ifat, and by elisa against yeast produced msp1(19) (ymsp1(19)). immunization also induced antigen specific t cell respons ...	2002	11841841
the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter, glut4, interacts physically with daxx. two proteins with capacity to bind ubc9 and conjugated to sumo1.	in this study we have used the yeast two-hybrid system to identify proteins that interact with the carboxyl-cytoplasmic domain (residues 464-509) of the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter glut4 (c-glut4). using as bait c-glut4, we have isolated the carboxyl domain of daxx (c-daxx), the adaptor protein associated with the fas and the type ii tgf-beta (tbetarii) receptors (1,2 ). the two-hybrid interaction between c-glut4 and c-daxx is validated by the ability of in vitro translated c-glut4 to ...	2002	11842083
wasp verprolin homology, cofilin homology, and acidic region domain-mediated actin polymerization is required for t cell development.	all members of the wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein (wasp) family contain a carboxyl-terminal verprolin homology, cofilin homology, and acidic region (vca) domain that binds and activates the arp2/3 complex, thereby linking these proteins to the induction of actin polymerization. although the vca domain imbues wasp and other wasp family members with the capacity to modulate cytoskeletal organization, little is known about the impact of this domain activity on lymphoid cell function. here we demo ...	2002	11842211
the egf-like homeotic protein dlk affects cell growth and interacts with growth-modulating molecules in the yeast two-hybrid system.	levels of dlk, an egf-like homeotic protein, are critical for several differentiation processes. because growth and differentiation are, in general, exclusive of each other, and increasing evidence indicates that dlk1 expression changes in tumorigenic processes, we studied whether dlk could also affect cell growth. we found that, in response to glucocorticoids, balb/c 3t3 cells with diminished levels of dlk expression develop foci-like cells that have lost contact inhibition, display altered mor ...	2002	11846389
inhibition of human endothelial cell proliferation by shif, a vacuolar h(+)-atpase-like protein.	shif is a bone marrow stroma cell-derived factor originally identified to support proliferation of bone marrow cells in vitro. this protein shares high sequence homology to the yeast vacuolar h(+)-atpase subunit, vph1p, and the 116 kda proton pump of the rat and bovine synaptic vesicle, vpp1. we examined the function of shif in the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec). shif inhibited huvec proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. recombinant shif added at 10 and 20 ng ...	2002	11850812
noninvasive quantitative imaging of protein-protein interactions in living subjects.	we are developing methods to image molecular and cellular events in living subjects. in this study, we validate imaging of protein-protein interactions in living mice by using bioluminescent optical imaging. we use the well studied yeast two-hybrid system adapted for mammalian cells and modify it to be inducible. we employ the nf-kappab promoter to drive expression of two fusion proteins (vp16-myod and gal4-id). we modulate the nf-kappab promoter through tumor necrosis factor alpha. firefly luci ...	2002	11854471
dematin interacts with the ras-guanine nucleotide exchange factor ras-grf2 and modulates mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.	erythroid dematin is a major component of red blood cell junctional complexes that link the spectrin-actin cytoskeleton to the overlying plasma membrane. transcripts of dematin are widely distributed including human brain, heart, lung, skeletal muscle, and kidney. in vitro, dematin binds and bundles actin filaments in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. the primary structure of dematin consists of a c-terminal domain homologous to the 'headpiece' domain of villin, an actin-binding protein of the ...	2002	11856323
[heme metabolism in stress response].	heme and its metabolism fulfill significant roles in many homeostatic and adaptative reactions. for example, heme (protein) senses oxygen concentration to regulate hypoxia response genes such as erythropoietin, and free heme, a proxidant, controls levels of several oxidative stress response proteins as well as that of a few enzymes in the heme metabolic pathway. heme oxygenase (ho) is the key enzyme in heme catabolism, which degrades heme to fe, co, and biliverdin. co is known as a gaseous messe ...	2002	11868390
the second largest subunit of mouse dna polymerase epsilon, dpe2, interacts with sap18 and recruits the sin3 co-repressor protein to dna.	dna polymerase epsilon is essential for cell viability and chromosomal dna replication in budding yeast. in addition, dna polymerase epsilon may be involved in dna repair and cell-cycle checkpoint control. the enzyme consists of at least four subunits in mammalian cells as well as in yeast. the largest subunit of dna polymerase epsilon is responsible for polymerase activity. to date, the functions of the other subunits have remained unknown. with a view to elucidating the functions of the second ...	2002	11872158
the organization of physcomitrella patensrad51 genes is unique among eukaryotic organisms.	genetic recombination pathways and genes are well studied, but relatively little is known in plants, especially in lower plants. to study the recombination apparatus of a lower land plant, a recombination gene well characterized particularly in yeast, mouse, and man, the rad51 gene, was isolated from the moss physcomitrella patens and characterized. two highly homologous rad51 genes were found to be present. duplicated rad51 genes have been found thus far exclusively in eukaryotes with duplicate ...	2002	11880641