Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| the herpesvirus capsid surface protein, vp26, and the majority of the tegument proteins are dispensable for capsid transport toward the nucleus. | upon entering a cell, alphaherpesvirus capsids are transported toward the minus ends of microtubules and ultimately deposit virus dna within the host nucleus. the virus proteins that mediate this centripetal transport are unknown but are expected to be either viral tegument proteins, which are a group of capsid-associated proteins, or a surface component of the capsid itself. starting with derivatives of pseudorabies virus that encode a fluorescent protein fused to a structural component of the ... | 2006 | 16699029 |
| assembly of pseudorabies virus genome-based transfer vehicle carrying major antigen sites of s gene of transmissible gastroenteritis virus: potential perspective for developing live vector vaccines. | two severe porcine infectious diseases, pseudorabies (pr) and transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) caused by pseudorabies virus (prv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) respectively often result in serious economic loss in animal husbandry worldwide. vaccination is the important prevention means against both infections. to achieve a prv genome-based virus live vector, aiming at further tgev/prv bivalent vaccine development, a recombinant plasmid pug was constructed via inserting parti ... | 2007 | 16731004 |
| the capsid-associated ul25 protein of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus is nonessential for cleavage and encapsidation of genomic dna but is required for nuclear egress of capsids. | homologs of the ul25 gene product of herpes simplex virus (hsv) have been identified in all three subfamilies of the herpesviridae. however, their exact function during viral replication is not yet known. whereas earlier studies indicated that the ul25 protein of hsv-1 is not required for cleavage of newly replicated viral dna but is necessary for stable encapsidation (a. r. mcnab, p. desai, s. person, l. roof, d. r. thompson, w. w. newcomb, j. c. brown, and f. l. homa, j. virol. 72:1060-1070, 1 ... | 2006 | 16775311 |
| suppression of the interferon-mediated innate immune response by pseudorabies virus. | pseudorabies virus (prv) is an alphaherpesvirus related to the human pathogens herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and varicella-zoster virus. prv is capable of infecting and killing a wide variety of mammals. how it avoids innate immune defenses in so many hosts is not understood. while the anti-interferon (ifn) strategies of hsv-1 have been studied, little is known about how prv evades the ifn-mediated immune response. in this study, we determined if wild-type prv infection can overcome the es ... | 2006 | 16775323 |
| prime-boost immunization using dna vaccine and recombinant orf virus protects pigs against pseudorabies virus (herpes suid 1). | the present study demonstrates the protective potential of a novel prime-boost vaccination strategy of pigs against lethal pseudorabies virus (prv; herpes suid 1) infection. animals were primed with sindbis virus-derived plasmids that express viral glycoproteins gc and gd (gc- and gd-psin) and subsequently booster immunized with orf virus (orfv; parapoxvirus) recombinants expressing gc and gd (d1701-vrvgc and -vrvgd). the prime-boost vaccination induced strong humoral and cellular-like prv-speci ... | 2006 | 16814432 |
| cellular gene expression survey of pseudorabies virus (prv) infected human embryonic kidney cells (hek-293). | pseudorabies virus (prv) is an alpha herpesvirus that causes aujezsky disease in the pig. to characterize the impact of prv infection on cellular expression, we used microarrays consisting of 9850 oligonucleotides corresponding to human genes and examined the expression levels of mrna isolated 0.5, 3, 6, and 9 h post infection (hpi) from cultures of infected hek-293 cells. very few changes were observed during the first 3 h of infection but significant modifications in the cell expression of mor ... | 2006 | 16820135 |
| alpha-herpesvirus glycoprotein d interaction with sensory neurons triggers formation of varicosities that serve as virus exit sites. | alpha-herpesviruses constitute closely related neurotropic viruses, including herpes simplex virus in man and pseudorabies virus (prv) in pigs. peripheral sensory neurons, such as trigeminal ganglion (tg) neurons, are predominant target cells for virus spread and lifelong latent infections. we report that in vitro infection of swine tg neurons with the homologous swine alpha-herpesvirus prv results in the appearance of numerous synaptophysin-positive synaptic boutons (varicosities) along the axo ... | 2006 | 16831884 |
| transsynaptic connections between the hypothalamus and adipose tissue: relationship to reproduction. | neurophysiological mechanisms that control energy balance are reciprocally linked to those that control reproduction. neuromorphological studies using retrograde tracing methods revealed that nerve cells within the central (cns) and autonomic (ans) nervous systems in different species, including the pig, are transsynaptically connected to different fat tissue depots. in the pig, neurons localised in the paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus and arcuate nucleus were infected with pseudorabi ... | 2006 | 16866308 |
| pseudorabies virus in european wild boar from central italy. | tissue and blood samples were collected from 152 wild boars (sus scrofa) from the maremma area (grosseto district, central italy) between november 2002 and january 2003. the presence of pseudorabies virus (prv) antibodies, antigen, and dna were confirmed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction (pcr), respectively. of 152 animals, 62 (41%) were positive for viral antigen in tonsillar tissue. of the 80 serum samples that were suitable fo ... | 2006 | 16870854 |
| estimation of european wild boar relative abundance and aggregation: a novel method in epidemiological risk assessment. | wild boars are important disease reservoirs. it is well known that abundance estimates are needed in wildlife epidemiology, but the expense and effort required to obtain them is prohibitive. we evaluated a simple method based on the frequency of faecal droppings found on transects (fbii), and developed a spatial aggregation index, based on the runs test statistic. estimates were compared with hunting data, and with porcine circovirus and aujeszky's disease virus seroprevalences and mycobacterium ... | 2007 | 16893488 |
| the ul4 gene of pseudorabies virus encodes a minor infected-cell protein that is dispensable for virus replication. | although homologues of the open reading frame (orf) ul4 of herpes simplex virus 1 (human herpesvirus 1) have been found in the genomes of all hitherto-analysed alphaherpesviruses, little is known about their function. in a project to analyse systematically, in an isogenic and standardized assay system, the gene products of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv; suid herpesvirus 1), the prv ul4 gene product was identified using a monospecific rabbit antiserum prepared against a bacterial f ... | 2006 | 16894189 |
| characterization of the porcine alpha interferon multigene family. | the availability of data on the pig genome sequence prompted us to characterize the porcine ifn-alpha (poifn-alpha) multigene family. fourteen functional poifn-alpha genes and two poifn-alpha pseudogenes were detected in the porcine genome. multiple sequence alignment revealed a c-terminal deletion of eight residues in six subtypes. a phylogenetic tree of the porcine ifn-alpha gene family defined the evolutionary relationship of the various subtypes. in addition, analysis of the evolutionary rat ... | 2006 | 16901658 |
| epidemiological survey of viral diseases of pigs in the mekong delta of vietnam between 1999 and 2003. | in the mekong delta, backyard pig rearing plays an integral role in recycling nutrients in farming systems and generating valuable cash income. however, development has been hampered by fatal epizootics of piglets and reproductive failure of sows. diseases are named by symptoms and blindly treated with antibiotics. as antibiotics are often ineffectual, involvement of viral diseases are suspected. to identify the causative agent, we first sero-surveyed porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrom ... | 2006 | 16904851 |
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing the two major membrane-associated proteins of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) infection still remains today as the most significant health threat to swine and poses a challenge to current vaccination strategies. to develop a new generation of vaccine against prrsv, a live attenuated pseudorabies virus (prv) was used as vaccine vector to express the two major membrane-associated proteins (gp5 or m) of prrsv in various forms. four prv recombinants, rprv-gp5 (expressing native gp5), rprv-gp5m (expressing gp5m, a mod ... | 2007 | 16920232 |
| pseudorabies virus ep0 protein counteracts an interferon-induced antiviral state in a species-specific manner. | pseudorabies virus (prv), an alphaherpesvirus related to herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella-zoster virus, infects a broad host range of mammals. a striking characteristic of prv infection is the different symptoms and outcomes of infection in natural and nonnatural hosts. adult pigs, the natural hosts of prv, survive infection with only mild respiratory symptoms, while nonnatural hosts, including rodents and cattle, invariably die after exhibiting neurological symptoms. here, we show that ... | 2006 | 16928746 |
| attenuated pseudorabies virus-evoked rapid innate immune response in the rat brain. | ba-dupgreen (bdg) is a highly attenuated, bartha-derived pseudorabies virus (prv) expressing green fluorescent protein (gfp) with immediate-early kinetics. innate immune mechanisms underlying the low infectivity of the virus and the disappearance of infected neurons from the brain were studied at cellular level following injection of bdg into the spleen. the temporal shift in the expression between gfp and viral structural proteins allowed us to discriminate three stages of viral infection in th ... | 2006 | 16930726 |
| [secreted expression of porcine interferon beta in pichia pastoris and its inhibition effect on the replication of pseudorabies virus]. | in order to develop recombinant porcine interferon beta with high bioactivity, the rare codes that encoded 3th, 7th and 164th amino acids of porcine interferon beta mature protein were mutant into bias codes of pichia pastoris and then the modified gene was introduced to yeast secreted expression vector ppicz alphaa which resulted in ppiczalphaa-pib. the saci linearized plasmid ppiczalphaa-pib was transformed into pichia pastoris x-33 by electroporation. the transformants were identified by pcr ... | 2006 | 16933611 |
| alpha-herpesvirus infection induces the formation of nuclear actin filaments. | herpesviruses are large double-stranded dna viruses that replicate in the nuclei of infected cells. spatial control of viral replication and assembly in the host nucleus is achieved by the establishment of nuclear compartments that serve to concentrate viral and host factors. how these compartments are established and maintained remains poorly understood. pseudorabies virus (prv) is an alpha-herpesvirus often used to study herpesvirus invasion and spread in the nervous system. here, we report th ... | 2006 | 16933992 |
| generation and immunogenicity of a recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing cap protein of porcine circovirus type 2. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is associated with post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), which is an important economical disease affecting the pig industry worldwide. in order to develop an effective vaccine for pmws, a recombinant pseudorabies virus (prv) was generated and tested in piglets in this study. the pcv2 open reading frame 2 (orf2) gene was inserted into piecmv plasmid and co-transfected with prv tk-/ge-/lacz+ genome into ibrs-2 cells to generate a recombinant tk-/ge-/ ... | 2007 | 17005335 |
| multiplex pcr for the simultaneous detection of pseudorabies virus, porcine cytomegalovirus, and porcine circovirus in pigs. | the use of porcine organs is being developed as a means to alleviate the shortage of human organs for transplantation. recommendations have been published for the microbiological specifications of organ-source pigs to reduce the possibility of a microorganism from pigs being inadvertently transferred to the recipient of the xenograft. the pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine cytomegalovirus (pcmv), and porcine circovirus (pcv) are infectious agents in pigs that are considered to be of significance ... | 2007 | 17034871 |
| silencing of natural interferon producing cell activation by porcine circovirus type 2 dna. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection of natural interferon producing cells (nipcs) impairs the induction of interferon (ifn)-alpha and tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha by cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine (cpg) oligodeoxynucleotides (odns), thereby preventing both their autocrine maturation and the paracrine maturation of myeloid dendritic cells (dcs). the present study shows that the pcv2-mediated inhibition of nipcs was mediated by viral dna, although it was independent of virus replic ... | 2007 | 17038051 |
| potency analysis of inactivated vaccines for aujeszky's disease virus (adv), strain rc/79: lymphocyte stimulation in immunized pigs. | mitogenic and antigenic lymphocyte stimulation was examined in pigs that had been immunized with 2 inactivated vaccines which had been prepared with aujesky's disease virus (adv), strain rc/79. one vaccine was partially purified by ultra-centrifugation (vaccine a) the other one was not (vaccine b). a second dose of vaccine had no influence over the blastogenic response when the lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemoagglutinin (pha). lymphocyte response to the adv antigen in the immunized pig ... | 2001 | 17061498 |
| detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine circovirus type 2, swine influenza virus and aujeszky's disease virus in cases of porcine proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia (pnp) in spain. | proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia (pnp) is a severe form of interstitial pneumonia characterised by hypertrophy and proliferation of pneumocytes type 2 and presence of necrotic cells within alveoli lumen. many viral agents have been linked to pnp aetiology, with especial emphasis on porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). to gain knowledge on pnp causality, a retrospective study on 74 pnp cases from postweaning pigs from spain was carried out. coupled with histopatholo ... | 2007 | 17070659 |
| viral safety of c1-inhibitor nf. | we studied the efficacy of virus reduction by three process steps (polyethylene glycol 4000 (peg) precipitation, pasteurization, and 15nm virus filtration) in the manufacturing of c1-inhibitor nf. the potential prion removing capacity in this process was estimated based on data from the literature. virus studies were performed using hepatitis a virus (hav) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) as relevant viruses and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), canine parvovirus (cpv) and pseudorabies v ... | 2007 | 17071103 |
| porcine acute phase protein concentrations in different diseases in field conditions. | five acute phase proteins (apps) [c-reactive protein (crp), serum amyloid a (saa), haptoglobin (hp), pig-map and albumin] were measured in pigs with naturally occurring infections by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and in animals with tail and ear bites, arthritis and other acute inflammatory processes. healthy specific pathogen-free (spf) pigs were used as controls. in prr ... | 2006 | 17123428 |
| receptor-determined susceptibility of preimplantation embryos to pseudorabies virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | in the present study, the in vitro interaction of embryos with pseudorabies virus (prv) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) was investigated by viral antigen detection and by evaluating the expression of virus receptors, namely, poliovirus receptor-related 1 (pvrl1; formerly known as nectin 1) for prv and sialoadhesin for prrsv. embryonic cells of zona pellucida intact embryos incubated with prv remained negative for viral antigens. also, no antigen-positive cells cou ... | 2007 | 17123941 |
| transneuronal tracing of neural pathways that regulate hindlimb muscle blood flow. | despite considerable interest in the neural mechanisms that regulate muscle blood flow, the descending pathways that control sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscles are not adequately understood. the present study mapped these pathways through the transneuronal transport of two recombinant strains of pseudorabies virus (prv) injected into the gastrocnemius muscles in the left and right hindlimbs of rats: prv-152 and prv-bablu. to prevent prv from being transmitted to the brain stem via motor cir ... | 2007 | 17158263 |
| development of a conditionally replicating pseudorabies virus for her-2/neu-overexpressing bladder cancer therapy. | overexpression of the her-2/neu oncogene, a frequent molecular event in a variety of cancers including bladder cancer, is associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. therapeutic strategies to targeting her-2/neu-overexpressing cancer cells have shown promise. pseudorabies virus (prv), a herpesvirus of swine, may be exploited as an oncolytic agent for human cancer. herein, we generated a conditionally replicating glycoprotein e-defective prv mutant carrying glycoprotein d and herpes sim ... | 2007 | 17164784 |
| aujeszky's disease virus infection patterns in european wild boar. | evidence of exposure (i.e. seroprevalence) to aujeszky's disease virus (adv) is high among wild boars from south-central spain. this research aims to determine the presence of adv by molecular detection, and to describe the patterns of adv infection in wild boars. tonsils (tn) and trigeminal ganglia (tg) for adv molecular detection, and sera were collected from wild boars (n=192) in 39 hunting estates from south-central spain (2004/2005). a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for a fragment o ... | 2007 | 17169510 |
| molecular beacon real-time pcr detection of swine viruses. | rapid and reliable detection of viral pathogens is critical for the management of the diseases threatening the economic competitiveness of the swine farming industry worldwide. molecular beacon assays are one type of real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technology capable of fast, specific, sensitive, and reliable viral detection. in this paper, the development of molecular beacon assays as novel tools for the rapid detection of aujeszky's disease virus, african swine fever virus, porcine c ... | 2007 | 17196673 |
| tyrosine phosphorylation and lipid raft association of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein e during antibody-mediated capping. | in specific cell types infected with the alphaherpesviruses herpes simplex virus and pseudorabies virus (prv), addition of virus-specific antibodies results in redistribution of cell-surface-anchored viral proteins. this redistribution is triggered by the viral protein ge and consists of the directional movement of the antibody-antigen complexes to one pole of the cell. this viral capping process has been associated with increased antibody-resistant virus spread and strongly resembles immunorece ... | 2007 | 17240415 |
| cell biological and molecular characteristics of pseudorabies virus infections in cell cultures and in pigs with emphasis on the respiratory tract. | in the present review, several cell biological and molecular aspects of virus-cell and virus-host (pig) interactions are reviewed for pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus. concerning the virus-cell interactions, the complex cascade of events in the virus replication cycle is given together with the different mechanisms of cell-to-cell spread. the pathogenesis of pseudorabies virus infections in pigs is concentrated on the sequence of events in the respiratory tract. finally, a short overview ... | 2007 | 17257571 |
| limited protection conferred by a dna vaccine against a lethal pseudorabies virus infection at day 5 postvaccination. | no pseudorabies virus (prv)-specific neutralizing or immunoglobulin g1-type antibodies were detected in sera 5 days after injection of a dna vaccine against prv infection in pigs. prv-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells produced gamma interferon mrna in vitro. two out of five pigs recovered from lethal prv infection without attenuation of nasal viral excretion. | 2007 | 17301217 |
| in vitro culture of porcine respiratory nasal mucosa explants for studying the interaction of porcine viruses with the respiratory tract. | the mucosal surface of the respiratory tract is a common site of entry of many viruses. molecular and cellular aspects of the interactions of respiratory viruses with the respiratory nasal mucosa are largely unknown. in order to be able to study those interactions in depth, an in vitro model was set up. this model consists of porcine respiratory nasal mucosa explants, cultured at an air-liquid interface. light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, combine ... | 2007 | 17324473 |
| brn-3a suppresses pseudorabies virus-induced cell death in sensory neurons. | sensory neurons of the trigeminal ganglion (tg) are of crucial importance in the pathogenesis of many alphaherpesviruses, constituting major target cells for latency and reactivation events. we showed earlier that a subpopulation of porcine tg neurons, in contrast to other porcine cell types, is highly resistant to cell death induced by infection with the porcine alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv). here, we report that expression of brn-3a, a neuron-specific transcription factor implicate ... | 2007 | 17325346 |
| pasteurella multocida and its role in porcine pneumonia. | pasteurella multocida has been recognized as a contributor to debilitating and fatal porcine pneumonia for at least 120 years and there continues to be sustained, unabated high prevalence of the organism in cases submitted for diagnostic work up. understanding of its role in disease has been limited, in part because of difficulty in reproducing the disease experimentally with capsular type a strains of p. multocida, the predominant type associated with porcine pneumonia. this limitation has stym ... | 2006 | 17389051 |
| a missense polymorphism in porcine interferon-gamma cdna affects antiviral activity of the protein variant. | we determined the interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) cdna sequence from three porcine breeds, duroc, landrance/duroc hybrid, and landrance breeds. five single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of porcine ifn-gamma (poifn-gamma) were identified, respectively, at positions 269 (a/g), 376 (c/t), 426 (t/c), and 465 (t/c) of the coding sequence in landrance/duroc hybrid, and at position 251 (a/g) in landrance breed. among them, a269g and a251g polymorphisms resulted in q67r and k61r replacements in the matur ... | 2007 | 17416419 |
| combined dna vaccination against three animal viruses elicits decreased immunogenicity of a single plasmid in mice. | in order to investigate whether combined dna vaccines are an ideal way to combine antigens in a single vaccine formulation, we immunized mice with three plasmids (pvsg, pvgd and pve2), respectively, encoding the antigen of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), pseudorabies virus (prv) and classic swine fever virus (csfv), either alone or in a combined vaccine regimen. we also investigated the immune responses induced by a series of mixtures in which three plasmids were mixed in pairs. then we fur ... | 2007 | 17420075 |
| immune and protective abilities of ubiquitinated and non-ubiquitinated pseudorabies virus glycoproteins. | plasmids encoding ubiquitinated (ubi-) or non-ubiquitinated (non-ubi-) glycoproteins of pseudorabies virus (prv) were used for vaccination of pigs. we found that the fusion of ubiquitin to viral glycoproteins increased their degradation in proteasomes in vitro, in which ubiquitin plays a key role. in the animals immunized with the plasmids encoding prv ubi-glycoproteins and then challenged with prv, we detected a slightly decreased cellular immune response on days 13 and 19 after immunization an ... | 2007 | 17432942 |
| in vitro analysis of transneuronal spread of an alphaherpesvirus infection in peripheral nervous system neurons. | the neurotropic alphaherpesviruses invade and spread in the nervous system in a directional manner between synaptically connected neurons. until now, this property has been studied only in living animals and has not been accessible to in vitro analysis. in this study, we describe an in vitro system in which cultured peripheral nervous system neurons are separated from their neuron targets by an isolator chamber ring. using pseudorabies virus (prv), an alphaherpesvirus capable of transneuronal sp ... | 2007 | 17459934 |
| a point mutation in the putative atp binding site of the pseudorabies virus us3 protein kinase prevents bad phosphorylation and cell survival following apoptosis induction. | the multifunctional us3 protein kinase is conserved among alphaherpesviruses. like the herpes simplex virus us3 protein kinase, the pseudorabies virus (prv) us3 protein confers resistance against apoptosis. in the current report, we introduced a point mutation in the putative atp binding site of the prv us3 protein kinase. we found that, in contrast to the wild type prv us3, the point-mutated prv us3 does not protect cells from apoptosis induced by prv infection or staurosporine treatment. in ad ... | 2007 | 17499381 |
| dna vaccination against pseudorabies virus and bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections of young animals in the face of maternally derived immunity. | dna vaccination represents a unique opportunity to overcome the limitations of conventional early life vaccine strategy which is restricted by the effects of maternally derived immunity. the pseudorabies virus (prv) infection model in neonatal piglets was employed to demonstrate that a single dna vaccination was able to prime memory humoral immune responses in the face of high concentrations of maternally derived antibodies. immunity induced under these conditions protected against challenge wit ... | 2007 | 17553517 |
| proteolytic cleavage of glycoprotein b is dispensable for in vitro replication, but required for syncytium formation of pseudorabies virus. | glycoprotein b (gb) is the most conserved glycoprotein among herpesviruses and it plays important roles in virus infectivity. in most herpesviruses, including pseudorabies virus (prv), gb is cleaved by a cellular protease into two disulfide-linked subunits. in the present study, i found that the prv gb generated in human colon carcinoma lovo cells, which lack the ubiquitous protease furin, remained in the uncleaved form and the virus replicated in these cells without cell fusion. the uncleaved g ... | 2007 | 17554016 |
| simultaneous detection of three porcine viruses by multiplex pcr. | specific oligonucleotide primers were selected and combined in a multiplex arrangement, in order to detect simultaneously three economically important porcine viruses by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the pathogen panel was comprised of viruses that cause reproductive failure in infected herds: aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine parvovirus (ppv) and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv). in order to reduce the time required for the detection of the pathogens, the ass ... | 2007 | 17555292 |
| relevance of the interaction between alphaherpesvirus ul3.5 and ul48 proteins for virion maturation and neuroinvasion. | the ul3.5 and ul48 genes, which are conserved in most alphaherpesvirus genomes, are important for maturation of pseudorabies virus (prv) particles in the cytoplasm of infected cells (w. fuchs, b. g. klupp, h. j. rziha, and t. c. mettenleiter, j. virol. 70:3517-3527, 1996; w. fuchs, h. granzow, b. g. klupp, m. kopp and t. c. mettenleiter, j. virol. 76:6729-6742, 2002). in bovine herpesvirus 1 (bohv-1), the homologous gene products pul3.5 and pul48 have been demonstrated to interact physically (n. ... | 2007 | 17581981 |
| synergistic inhibition of pseudorabies virus replication by porcine alpha/beta interferon and gamma interferon in vitro. | interferon (ifn) is crucial for initiating the innate immune response and for the generation of the adaptive response. ifn, in most species, comprises ifn-alpha (ifn-alpha), ifn-beta (ifn-beta) and ifn-gamma (ifn-gamma). in this study, we compared the capacity of porcine ifn-alpha, -beta and -gamma, or a combination of them, to protect ibrs-2 cells (porcine kidney cells) from infection with pseudorabies virus (prv). the results demonstrated that porcine ifn-beta (poifn-beta) was the most efficie ... | 2007 | 17594939 |
| [monitoring of infectious diseases among wild boars]. | sixty-seven serum samples and 43 pathological material samples from wild boars, taken in 5 regions of russia and in the kharkov region of the ukraine in 2002 to 2005 were studied. wild boars in some regions of russia were shown to be carriers of aujeszky's disease virus, porcine parvovirus, porcine circovirus type 2, lymphotropic herpesvirus-1, porcine cytomegalovirus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. the classical swine fever (csf) virus genome was detected by polymerase chai ... | 2007 | 17601049 |
| pseudorabies virus induces a rapid up-regulation of nitric oxide synthases in the nervous system of swine. | nitric oxide (no) is a free radical gas with important roles in the host's immune response against viral infections. in this study, we examined the kinetics and distribution of nitric oxide synthase (nos) expression during the early steps of infection of the porcine nervous system by the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv). to this end, we examined changes in the expression of the three major nos isoforms, neuronal nos (nnos), endothelial nos (enos) and inducible nos (inos), by immunohisto ... | 2007 | 17614218 |
| a recombinant pseudorabies virus co-expressing capsid proteins precursor p1-2a of fmdv and vp2 protein of porcine parvovirus: a trivalent vaccine candidate. | pseudorabies (pr), foot-and-mouth disease (fmd), and porcine parvovirus disease are three important infectious diseases in swine worldwide. the gene-deleted pseudorabies virus (prv) has been used as a live-viral vector to develop multivalent genetic engineering vaccine. in this study, a recombinant prv, which could co-express protein precursor p1-2a of fmdv and vp2 protein of ppv, was constructed using prv tk(-)/ge(-)/lacz(+) mutant as the vector. after homologous recombination and plaque purifi ... | 2007 | 17628752 |
| development of a simple and rapid immunochromatographic strip test for diarrhea-causative porcine rotavirus in swine stool. | a rapid and simple immunochromatography (ic) strip test, for specific detection of porcine rotavirus (prv) in stool specimen, was developed. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the osu strain of prv have been produced in mice. among them, two hybridoma clones that generate mab-1 and mab-2, respectively, specific for vp6 protein of prv, have been selected. in the ic configuration, mab-1, one of the selected mabs was used to the designed coat microparticles (mp), while another mab-2 was used to fix it ... | 2007 | 17644198 |
| detection of differential expression of porcine ifn-alpha subtypes by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. | the porcine interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) multigene family is a new ifn-alpha system in recent research. characterization of the poifn-alpha multigene family has been described in our previous work, and 14 functional poifn-alpha genes were detected in the porcine genome. in this study, we designed subtype-specific primers and consensus primers for poifn-alpha. the expression of poifn-alpha was detected using the two pcr strategies in three systems, namely, poly(i).poly(c)-deae-dextran-induced pk1 ... | 2007 | 17651019 |
| the capsid and tegument of the alphaherpesviruses are linked by an interaction between the ul25 and vp1/2 proteins. | how alphaherpesvirus capsids acquire tegument proteins remains a key question in viral assembly. using pseudorabies virus (prv), we have previously shown that the 62 carboxy-terminal amino acids of the vp1/2 large tegument protein are essential for viral propagation and when transiently expressed as a fusion to green fluorescent protein relocalize to nuclear capsid assemblons following viral infection. here, we show that localization of the vp1/2 capsid-binding domain (vp1/2cbd) into assemblons ... | 2007 | 17715218 |
| hypothalamic neurons innervating fat tissue in the pig express leptin receptor immunoreactivity. | while leptin receptors have been found in both the autonomic ganglion neurons and the hypothalamic nuclei, studies dealing with the projections from the central nervous system to the adipose tissue have been conducted mainly in laboratory animals. therefore, the purpose of our study was to establish whether hypothalamic neurons are transsynaptically connected to adipose tissue depots in the pig, and if these neurons express leptin receptor immunoreactivity. pseudorabies virus (prv; bartha's k st ... | 2007 | 17720315 |
| in vivo tissue distribution and kinetics of a pseudorabies virus plasmid dna vaccine after intramuscular injection in swine. | previous biodistribution studies of plasmids following intramuscular or intradermal injections of dna vaccines have been performed in mice, rats or rabbits, but not in large mammals. the aim of the present study was to determine the biodistribution of plasmids in swine using the prv-specific dna vaccination model consisting of a single intramuscular (i.m.) injection of three plasmids individually encoding glycoproteins gb, gc and gd. the weak bioavailability of the plasmids (less than 10%) after ... | 2007 | 17728026 |
| erratum. | the article by marjorie sun "virginia oks rabies vaccine test" (news & comment, 14 july, p. 126) states that the first outdoor experiment with a genetically engineered virus is expected to be conducted by the boyce thompson institute for plant research at cornell university. the first outdoor test of a genetically modified virus actually took place in 1984, when saul kit of baylor college tested an altered pseudorabies virus on pigs. | 1989 | 17773341 |
| comparison of the antiviral potentials among the pseudorabies-resistant transgenes encoding different soluble forms of porcine nectin-1 in transgenic mice. | nectin-1 is an alphaherpesvirus receptor that binds to virion glycoprotein d by the first immunoglobulin (ig)-like domain. the possibility of making animals resistant to pseudorabies virus (prv) infection has been investigated by generating transgenic mice expressing soluble forms of porcine nectin-1. previously, transgenic mice were generated that expressed a fusion protein made of the entire ectodomain of nectin-1 fused to the fc portion of human igg, or the first ig-like domain fused to the f ... | 2007 | 17872513 |
| studies on the aetiology of non-suppurative encephalitis in pigs. | thirty-eight natural cases of aetiologically unclear non-suppurative encephalitis in pigs were studied retrospectively. brain samples were examined for the presence of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2), porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine enteroviruses (pevs), ovine herpesvirus type 2 (ovhv-2), borna disease virus (bdv) and suid herpesvirus type 1 (suhv-1) by molecular biological and immunohistochemical methods. histological examination of the brains revealed var ... | 2007 | 17951563 |
| intranasal administration of cpg oligonucleotides induces mucosal and systemic type 1 immune responses and adjuvant activity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome killed virus vaccine in piglets in vivo. | oligonucleotides containing cpg motifs (cpg odn) are strong adjuvants for immune responses, particularly in mice. recently, it has been showed that cpg odn is a promising mucosal adjuvant in mice, but data on mucosal immune responses induced by cpg odn in piglets are scarce. we have previously demonstrated that cpg odn is a potent adjuvant to pseudorabies attenuated virus (prv) vaccine when administered subcutaneously (sc) in newborn piglets. herein, we evaluated intranasal (in) delivery of cpg ... | 2007 | 17996683 |
| the relationship between infectious and non-infectious herd factors with pneumonia at slaughter and productive parameters in fattening pigs. | this paper explores the relationship between infectious and non-infectious herd factors with the occurrence of pneumonia at slaughter and productive parameters in fattening pigs on 39 fattening herds. a questionnaire was used to obtain environmental and management factors (non-infectious factors). blood samples and lungs were obtained from 35 pigs in each herd at slaughter. serological testing was performed for antibodies against three respiratory pathogens (infectious factors): porcine reproduc ... | 2009 | 18023215 |
| possible roles of transcription factors of pseudorabies virus in neuropathogenicity. | pseudorabies virus (prv) is also known by its taxonomic name, suid herpesvirus 1, or by its original name, aujeszky's disease virus. prv is a swine herpesvirus of the alphaherpesvirinae subfamily to which varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) belong. prv is a pathogen of swine resulting in devastating disease and economic losses worldwide. it causes severe neurological disorders in infected piglets and latent infection in surviving pigs. prv also ... | 2007 | 18046989 |
| in vivo oral administration effects of various oligodeoxynucleotides containing synthetic immunostimulatory motifs in the immune response to pseudorabies attenuated virus vaccine in newborn piglets. | numerous studies have demonstrated that oligonucleotides containing cpg motifs (cpg odn) are efficient immunoadjuvants to various antigens administered by parenteral routes to mice. recently, it has been found that cpg odns also is a promising mucosal adjuvant in mice. to date, there have been no studies to screen the optimal cpg sequence and modified odn backbone to piglets in vivo, when delivered by oral route. we have previously demonstrated that human-specific cpg odn is a potent adjuvant to ... | 2008 | 18063448 |
| construction and immune response characterization of a recombinant pseudorabies virus co-expressing capsid precursor protein (p1) and a multiepitope peptide of foot-and-mouth disease virus in swine. | foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) is the most contagious and devastating disease of livestock. our previous studies demonstrated that tk(-)/gg(-)/p1(+), a recombinant expressing the fmdv capsid precursor protein (p1) based on attenuated pseudorabies virus (prv) tk(-)/gg(-), could be used as a recombinant vaccine to protect pigs against both pseudorabies and fmd. however, because the p1 expression cassette is inserted into the gg locus of the genome of prv tk(-)/gg(-), this bivalent vaccine cannot be ... | 2008 | 18246420 |
| a recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing rabies virus glycoprotein: safety and immunogenicity in dogs. | several recombinant vaccines expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein have been developed, particularly for the oral vaccination of wildlife. while these vaccines induce protective immunity in some animal species such as foxes, they are less effective in others. pseudorabies virus (prv) has been licensed for use as a live vaccine in pigs and possesses an excellent safety and efficacy record. we have used it to construct a recombinant virus, rprv/egfp/rgp, expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein ... | 2008 | 18262313 |
| porcine circovirus type 2-induced interleukin-10 modulates recall antigen responses. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is the necessary agent for the occurrence of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in pigs. it has been suggested that pmws-affected pigs are immunosuppressed and, therefore, more prone to develop co-infections. in this study, we elucidated that pcv2 downregulates in vitro the immune cell functions during recall antigen responses. we showed that pcv2, but not the non-pathogenic porcine circovirus type 1, induces interleukin (il)-10 secretion by monoc ... | 2008 | 18272768 |
| porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) viral components immunomodulate recall antigen responses. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) is a single-stranded circular dna virus infecting domestic pigs worldwide. interaction of this virus with the immune system apparently modulates the immune response of the host. in the present study, the implication of different components of pcv2 in the modulation of the immune response of the host were investigated by using pcv2 viral-like particles (vlps) and 16 novel oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing cpg motifs (cpg-odns) based on the pcv2 genomic sequence ... | 2008 | 18304652 |
| transcriptomic analysis of the dialogue between pseudorabies virus and porcine epithelial cells during infection. | transcriptomic approaches are relevant for studying virus-host cell dialogues to better understand the physiopathology of infection and the immune response at the cellular level. pseudorabies virus (prv), a porcine alphaherpesvirus, is a good model for such studies in pig. since prv displays a strong tropism for mucous epithelial cells, we developed a kinetics study of prv infection in the porcine pk15 epithelial cell line. to identify as completely as possible, viral and cellular genes regulate ... | 2008 | 18331636 |
| effects of fermentation products of ganoderma lucidum on growth performance and immunocompetence in weanling pigs. | the purpose of this study was to test fermentation, for its products of a chinese medicinal mushroom, ganoderma lucidum, cultured by submerged fermentation for its effect on growth performance and immunocompetence in weanling piglets. in experiment 1, 72 weanling piglets were allotted to one of four treatments receiving these fermentation products (glf, expressed as amount of beta-glucans) at 0 (control), 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg feed for 4 weeks. the results showed that at a supplementation level ... | 2008 | 18341077 |
| rapid detection of porcine circovirus type 2 by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | a method of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) was employed to develop a rapid and simple detection system for porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2). the amplification could be finished in 60 min under isothermal condition at 64 degrees c by employing a set of four primers targeting the cap gene of pcv2. the lamp assay showed higher sensitivity than the conventional pcr, with a detection limit of five copies per tube of purified pcv2 genomic dna. no cross-reactivity was observed from the s ... | 2008 | 18355932 |
| antibody response of wild boar (sus scrofa) piglets vaccinated against aujeszky's disease virus. | 2008 | 18408198 | |
| glycoproteins required for entry are not necessary for egress of pseudorabies virus. | in the current perception of the herpesvirus replication cycle, two fusion processes are thought to occur during entry and nuclear egress. for penetration, glycoproteins gb and gh/gl have been shown to be essential, whereas a possible role of these glycoproteins in nuclear egress remains unclear. viral envelope glycoproteins have been detected by immunolabeling in the nuclear membrane as well as in primary enveloped particles in several herpesviruses, indicating that they might be involved in th ... | 2008 | 18417564 |
| transneuronal circuit analysis with pseudorabies viruses. | over the past decade there has been a dramatic increase in the use of viruses as transneuronal tracers of neuronal circuitry. the method exploits the propensity of neurotropic viruses to invade neurons and then produce infectious progeny that cross synapses to infect other neurons within a circuit. the protocols and commentaries included in this unit focus upon the use of the swine alpha herpesvirus known as pseudorabies virus (prv) for polysynaptic analysis. here, the aspects of experimental de ... | 2001 | 18428451 |
| induction of protective immunity in swine by immunization with live attenuated recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing the capsid precursor encoding regions of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) causes morbidity to livestock and serious economic consequences to its associated industry and therefore it is necessary to develop a safe and efficient vaccine to prevent or control this disease. a recombinant live attenuated virus vaccine, designated prv-p1, was generated by insertion of an expression cassette containing cmv promoter, fmdv p1 gene and sv 40 poly-a into the gg gene region of a live attenuated pseudorabies virus vaccine strain (tk-/gg-/lacz+). to det ... | 2008 | 18436351 |
| pseudorabies virus glycoprotein c attachment-proficient revertants isolated through a simple, targeted mutagenesis scheme. | pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoprotein c (gc) initiates virus attachment to cells by binding to heparan sulfate (hs) proteoglycans. the gc:hs interaction is not essential since gc null mutants still infect; however, they are more easily removed from cells during the initial stages of infection. the expendability of gc has facilitated a genetic mapping of the hs-binding domain, which is composed of three independent heparin-binding domains (hbds) of six to eight amino acids each. previous results ... | 2008 | 18462813 |
| loop-mediated isothermal amplification establishment for detection of pseudorabies virus. | a rapid, convenient and reliable pseudorabies virus (prv) detection system was developed by using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method. six special primers were designed successfully based on the prv dna-binding protein (dbp) gene. the assay was optimized to amplify prv dna by incubation at 63 degrees c for 1h. the lamp products had a ladder-like pattern of bands from 188 bp when electrophoresed on an agarose gel and its specificity was confirmed by digestion with hinc ii enz ... | 2008 | 18468699 |
| plasma membrane cholesterol is required for efficient pseudorabies virus entry. | alphaherpesviruses comprise closely related viruses of man and animal, including herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus and pseudorabies virus (prv). here, using methyl-beta-cyclodextrin and fluorescently tagged prv, we directly show that depletion of cholesterol from the plasma membrane of host cells significantly reduces prv entry. cholesterol depletion did not reduce prv attachment, but stalled virus particles at the plasma membrane before penetration of the cell. cholesterol depletion ... | 2008 | 18471850 |
| targeting of pseudorabies virus structural proteins to axons requires association of the viral us9 protein with lipid rafts. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) us9 protein plays a central role in targeting viral capsids and glycoproteins to axons of dissociated sympathetic neurons. as a result, us9 null mutants are defective in anterograde transmission of infection in vivo. however, it is unclear how us9 promotes axonal sorting of so many viral proteins. it is known that the glycoproteins gb, gc, gd and ge are associated with lipid raft microdomains on the surface of infected swine kidney cells and monocytes, and are direct ... | 2008 | 18483549 |
| [immune evasion of alphaherpesviruses]. | alphaherpesviruses represent the largest subfamily of the herpesviruses and comprise many different, closely related pathogens of man and animal, including herpes simplex virus (cold sores, genital lesions) and varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox, shingles) in man, pseudorabies virus oraujeszky's disease virus in pigs (neurological and respiratory symptoms, abortion), equine herpesvirus type 1 (neurological and respiratory symptoms, abortion), and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (respiratory symptoms, ... | 2008 | 18512358 |
| varicellovirus ul 49.5 proteins differentially affect the function of the transporter associated with antigen processing, tap. | cytotoxic t-lymphocytes play an important role in the protection against viral infections, which they detect through the recognition of virus-derived peptides, presented in the context of mhc class i molecules at the surface of the infected cell. the transporter associated with antigen processing (tap) plays an essential role in mhc class i-restricted antigen presentation, as tap imports peptides into the er, where peptide loading of mhc class i molecules takes place. in this study, the ul 49.5 ... | 2008 | 18516302 |
| a microfluidic chamber for analysis of neuron-to-cell spread and axonal transport of an alpha-herpesvirus. | alpha-herpesviruses, including herpes simplex virus and pseudorabies virus (prv), infect the peripheral nervous system (pns) of their hosts. here, we describe an in vitro method for studying neuron-to-cell spread of infection as well as viral transport in axons. the method centers on a novel microfluidic chamber system that directs growth of axons into a fluidically isolated environment. the system uses substantially smaller amounts of virus inoculum and media than previous chamber systems and y ... | 2008 | 18560518 |
| exploratory spatial analysis of aujeszky's disease during four phases of the eradication programme in catalonia, spain (2003-2007). | an exploratory spatial analysis of aujeszkys disease virus infection from 2003 to 2007 was conducted in catalonia (north eastern spain), the largest pig-producing region in the country. the analysis was divided into four periods in relation to the different eradication phases of the programme established in the region. different purely spatial analyses, based on the bernoulli model, were run with satscan v6.1 in each period. clusters of positive sow farms (farrow to weaning and farrow to finish) ... | 2008 | 18562026 |
| two viral kinases are required for sustained long distance axon transport of a neuroinvasive herpesvirus. | axonal transport is essential for the successful establishment of neuroinvasive herpesvirus infections in peripheral ganglia (retrograde transport) and the subsequent spread to exposed body surfaces following reactivation from latency (anterograde transport). we examined two components of pseudorabies virus (us3 and ul13), both of which are protein kinases, as potential regulators of axon transport. following replication of mutant viruses lacking kinase activity, newly assembled capsids displaye ... | 2008 | 18564370 |
| development of real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for rapid detection and differentiation of wild-type pseudorabies and gene-deleted vaccine viruses. | the successful eradication of pseudorabies in u.s. domestic swine was accomplished through the use of glycoprotein e (ge) deleted modified live virus vaccines and an accompanying ge differential enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). yet, pseudorabies virus (prv) was established in feral swine in the united states, becoming a potential reservoir of prv for infection of domestic swine and other native wildlife. a critical need for the current prv surveillance program in the united states is t ... | 2008 | 18599848 |
| diva diagnostic of aujeszky's disease using an insect-derived virus glycoprotein e. | commercial vaccines against aujeszky's disease are mainly formulated using deleted versions of attenuated or inactivated pseudorabies virus (prv) particles lacking of the structural glycoprotein e (ge). complementary diagnostic assays used to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (divas), are based on the detection of serum antibodies against ge. a recombinant version of the prv ge protein was expressed in a baculovirus vector system in trichoplusia ni insect larvae in order to obtain t ... | 2008 | 18638504 |
| antibodies to selected viral disease agents in wild boars from the czech republic. | blood samples were collected from wild boar (sus scrofa) shot during the hunting season from 1999 to 2005 in the czech republic. sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). indirect fluorescence antibody test was used for detection of antibodies against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and transmissible ... | 2008 | 18689671 |
| effect of different levels of mannan-oligosaccharide supplementation on some immunological variables in weaned piglets. | the effect of different doses of mannan-oligosaccharide (mos) on specific and non-specific immune responses was studied in piglets, weaned at 28 days. a total of 58 piglets were used in six groups. five groups were fed 0, 1, 2, 4 g mos product per kg diet or with growth promoting antibiotics and immunized by inactivated aujeszky’s disease virus (ayv) vaccine at week 1 and 3 of the experiment (35 and 49 days). a sixth group, receiving the same non-supplemented diets was not immunized. blood sampl ... | 2009 | 18700854 |
| tnf-alpha mediates pseudorabies virus-induced apoptosis via the activation of p38 mapk and jnk/sapk signaling. | prv infection causes apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. however, the significance of prv-induced apoptosis and its signaling pathways is still unknown. this work investigates the role of mapk pathways in mediating prv-induced apoptosis. flow cytometry, apoptosis elisa and western blotting using antibodies against cleaved caspase-3, -6 and parp demonstrated that prv induces apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. p38 and jnk/sapk inhibitors significantly protected cells from prv-induced apop ... | 2008 | 18799179 |
| a combined transcriptomic approach to analyse the dialogue between pseudorabies virus and porcine cells. | the pseudorabies virus (prv), a porcine alphaherpesvirus, is a good model for the study of virus-host cell dialog. as prv has a strong tropism for mucous epithelial cells, we chose to follow in vitro the prv time course-infection of porcine pk15 cells. the viral and cellular transcriptome modifications were simultaneously analysed using a combined sla/prv cdna microarray, the porcine qiagen-nrsp8 oligonucleotides microarray and real time quantitative pcr.ahigh increase in viral gene expression w ... | 2008 | 18817291 |
| [diagonsis establishment of fluorescen quantitative pcr assay for pseudorabies wild-type virus and vaccine virus]. | we designed two pairs of primers and their corresponding taqman probes according to gh, ge gene of prv. by optimizing the probe's concentration, mg2+ concentration, primers concentration and sample dna extraction, real-time fluorescent quantitative pcr (fq-pcr) which can quickly identity field virus and vaccine virus of prv was established. according to our results, the dynamic range of the fq-pcr assay is between 10 x 10(1) copies/microl and 10 x l0(8) copies/microl, and the detection limit of ... | 2008 | 18837387 |
| pseudorabies virus glycoprotein b can be used to carry foot and mouth disease antigens in dna vaccination of pigs. | to evaluate the feasibility of using pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoprotein b (gb) as a carrier of foot and mouth disease virus (fmdv) antigens in dna immunization, fmdv b- and t-cell epitopes were inserted either between the two b-cell epitopes of the n-term subunit of prv-gb (bt-prv-gb-n-term construct) or within the b-cell epitope of the c-term subunit of prv-gb (bt-prv-gb-c-term construct). two animal experiments were performed, each with three injections of plasmids 2 weeks apart, followed b ... | 2009 | 19103226 |
| rapid pre-clinical detection of classical swine fever by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | the usefulness of reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) for rapid pre-clinical detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv) infection was evaluated. the rt-lamp reaction could be finished in 60 min under isothermal condition at 65 degrees c by employing a set of four primers targeting the 5' untranslated region of csfv. the rt-lamp assay of csfv showed higher sensitivities than that of rt-pcr, with a detection limit of 5 copies per reaction. no cross-reactivit ... | 2009 | 19103283 |
| different replication characteristics of historical pseudorabies virus strains in porcine respiratory nasal mucosa explants. | different alphaherpesviruses, including pseudorabies virus (prv), are able to cross the basement membrane barrier in nasal respiratory epithelium. as a first step in investigating this invasion process, a detailed quantitative analysis system was set up to determine the kinetics of horizontal and vertical virus spread in nasal explants, using the virulent prv strain 89v87. plaque latitudes, total depths, depths measured from the basement membrane and volumes were determined at 0, 12, 24 and 36h ... | 2009 | 19111405 |
| polarization of protective immunity induced by replication-incompetent adenovirus expressing glycoproteins of pseudorabies virus. | replication-incompetent adenoviruses expressing three major glycoproteins (gb, gc, and gd) of pseudorabies virus (prv) were constructed and used to examine the ability of these glycoproteins to induce protective immunity against a lethal challenge. among three constructs, recombinant adenovirus expressing gb (rad-gb) was found to induce the most potent immunity biased to th1-type, as determined by the igg isotype ratio and the profile of the th1/th2 cytokine production. conversely, the gc-expres ... | 2008 | 19116444 |
| [immune responses induced by the suicidal dna vaccines co-expressing the gp5 protein of prrsv and the e2 protein of csfv in mice]. | six recombinant plasmids co-expressing the wild-type gp5 gene or the codon-optimized gp5 gene (containing pan-dr epitope) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and the e2 gene of classical swine fever virus (csfv) or the e2 fused with the ul49 of pseudorabies virus (prv) were constructed based on the suicidal dna vaccine psfv1cs-e2 described previously. expression of gp5 and e2 was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay. the immunogenicity of six plasmids was eva ... | 2008 | 19149182 |
| assessment of the cell-mediated immunity induced by alphavirus replicon-vectored dna vaccines against classical swine fever in a mouse model. | we have previously shown that an alphavirus replicon-vectored dna vaccine (psfv1cs-e2) encoding the e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) completely protected the immunized pigs from lethal challenge. these animals developed only low or moderate level viral-specific antibody titers before challenge, implying that cell-mediated immunity (cmi) probably played an important role in the protective immunity against csfv conferred by the dna vaccine. in this study, the cmi induced by ps ... | 2009 | 19150136 |
| fusion protein consisting of the first immunoglobulin-like domain of porcine nectin-1 and fc portion of human igg1 provides a marked resistance against pseudorabies virus infection to transgenic mice. | nectin-1 is a ca2+-independent ig-like cell-cell adhesion molecule and an alphaherpesvirus receptor that binds to virion glycoprotein d by the first ig-like domain. we have investigated the antiviral potentials of soluble forms of porcine nectin-1 to prv infection by generating transgenic mice expressing different types of fusion protein. previously, we reported that mice transgenic for a chimera that carried the entire ectodomain of porcine nectin-1 fused to the fc portion of porcine igg1 were ... | 2009 | 19161552 |
| a multiplex pcr for rapid and simultaneous detection of porcine circovirus type 2, porcine parvovirus, porcine pseudorabies virus, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in clinical specimens. | a multiplex pcr (mpcr) assay was developed and evaluated for its ability to simultaneously detect multiple viral infections of swine. specific primers were designed for each of the following four dna or rna viruses: porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), porcine parvovirus (ppv), pseudorabies virus (prv), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). each target produced a specific amplicon with a size of 353 bp (pcv2), 271 bp (ppv), 194 bp (prv), or 434 bp (prrsv). the assay was s ... | 2009 | 19214728 |
| serological survey on aujeszky's disease, swine influenza and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infections in italian pigs. | aujeszky's disease (ad), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) and swine influenza (si) are among the principal agents of respiratory diseases of pigs. the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to shv-1, prrsv and siv in pigs reared in sicily. an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the glicoprotein ge of pseudorabies virus, for prrsv and for siv was performed. antibodies against ge of shv-1 were detected in 171 serum samples (14.6%), whereas prrsv antibo ... | 2008 | 19227130 |
| real-time pcr to detect and analyze virulent ppv loads in artificially challenged sows and their fetuses. | to establish a real-time polymerase chain reaction with sybr green for detection and quantification of porcine parvovirus (ppv) in porcine tissues, two primers specific for the non-structural protein 1 gene were designed. the detection limit of this assay was 3-23 gene copies/reaction, equivalent to 0.001 tcid(50)/ml. the assay was linear over a 10(6) dilution range of template concentrations. other porcine pathogens involved in reproductive disorders (porcine circovirus 2, porcine reproductive ... | 2009 | 19345523 |
| risk assessment and cost-effectiveness analysis of aujeszky's disease virus introduction through breeding and fattening pig movements into spain. | movement of infected animals is considered the most likely route of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) introduction into free areas and the main obstacle to eradicating aujeszky's disease (ad) in those areas, which have achieved a low prevalence (>0 and < or =10%) status. for this reason, the spanish ad control and eradication program has established measures to enhance security in animal movements in an attempt to protect areas with free or low prevalence status; however, no studies have quantified ... | 2009 | 19362382 |
| construction and analysis of alphaherpesviruses expressing green fluorescent protein. | over the past 10 years, the use of fluorescently tagged herpesviruses has evolved from relative obscurity into a common component in the arsenal of many molecular herpesvirology laboratories. in this chapter we provide methods for construction and analysis of recombinant alphaherpesviruses using conventional co-transfection and homologous recombination procedures. in recent years many herpesviruses have been cloned into bacterial artificial chromosomes (bacs), which has facilitated their manipul ... | 2009 | 19378130 |