Publications

[cloning of full-length cdna of the shallots virus x genome and infectivity of its transcripts in sugar beet protoplasts].		2000	10732355
design of a simulated moving bed unit for sucrose-betaine separations.	the results of a series of pulse experiments carried out in a fixed bed column packed with a strongly acid ion-exchange resin and with reference to the separation of an aqueous sucrose-betaine mixture are presented. these data were used to evaluate equilibrium and diffusion parameters for both key components in the frame of linear chromatography theory. the estimated values were used to design a simulated moving bed plant aimed to separate betaine from sucrose in beet molasses.	2000	10749484
comparative analysis of the binding of antibodies prepared against the insect spodoptera exigua and against the mycopathogen nomuraea rileyi.	polyclonal antibodies were produced in mice against spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm) larval hemolymph and hemocytes and against cell wall surfaces of hyphal bodies and hyphae of the entomopathogenic hyphomycete nomuraea rileyi. in addition to exhibiting strong activity against their original antigenic substrates, all of the antibodies cross-react extensively with other substrates. the hemolymph antibody binds to hemocytes and vice versa, and both antibodies cross-react to the insect fat body ba ...	2000	10772323
characterization of a new antifungal non-specific lipid transfer protein (nsltp) from sugar beet leaves.	a novel protein (iwf5) comprising 92 amino acids has been purified from the intercellular washing fluid of sugar beet leaves using cation exchange chromatography and reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. based on amino acid sequence homology, including the presence of eight cysteines at conserved positions, the protein can be classified as a member of the plant family of non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsltps). the protein is 47% identical to iwf1, an antifungal nsltp prev ...	2000	10773337
effects of superovulated heifer diet type and quantity on relative mrna abundances and pyruvate metabolism in recovered embryos.	this study investigated the effects of quantity and type of diet fed to superovulated donor heifers on molecular and metabolic indices of embryonic development. these effects included the relative abundances of mrnas for the alpha 1 subunit of na/k-atpase and the antioxidant enzyme cu/zn-sod, as well as pyruvate utilization in bovine morulae and blastocysts developed in vivo. heifers were fed a daily ration of either grass silage and a citrus-beet pulp-based concentrate or grass silage and a bar ...	2000	10793627
p42 movement protein of beet necrotic yellow vein virus is targeted by the movement proteins p13 and p15 to punctate bodies associated with plasmodesmata.	cell-to-cell movement of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) is driven by a set of three movement proteins--p42, p13, and p15--organized into a triple gene block (tgb) on viral rna 2. the first tgb protein, p42, has been fused to the green fluorescent protein (gfp) and fusion proteins between p42 and gfp were expressed from a bnyvv rna 3-based replicon during virus infection. gfp-p42, in which the gfp was fused to the p42 n terminus, could drive viral cell-to-cell movement when the copy of t ...	2000	10796018
fermentation of plant cell wall derived polysaccharides and their corresponding oligosaccharides by intestinal bacteria.	new types of nondigestible oligosaccharides were produced from plant cell wall polysaccharides, and the fermentation of these oligosaccharides and their parental polysaccharides by relevant individual intestinal species of bacteria was studied. oligosaccharides were produced from soy arabinogalactan, sugar beet arabinan, wheat flour arabinoxylan, polygalacturonan, and rhamnogalacturonan fraction from apple. all of the tested substrates were fermented to some extent by one or more of the individu ...	2000	10820072
the dual function in virulence and host range restriction of a gene isolated from the ppath (ehg) plasmid of erwinia herbicola pv. gypsophilae.	the host range of the gall-forming bacterium erwinia herbicola pv. gypsophilae (ehg) is restricted to gypsophila whereas erwinia herbicola pv. betae (ehb) attacks beet as well as gypsophila. both pathovars contain an indigenous plasmid (ppath(ehg or ppath(ehb)) that harbors pathogenicity genes, including the hrp gene cluster. a cosmid library of ehg824-1 plasmid dna was mobilized into ehb4188 and the transconjugants were screened for pathogenicity on beet. one ehb transconjugant harboring the co ...	2000	10830268
involvement of jasmonate- and salicylate-related signaling pathways for the production of specific herbivore-induced volatiles in plants.	we compared volatiles from lima bean leaves (phaseolus lunatus) infested by either beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua), common armyworm [mythimna (pseudaletia) separata], or two-spotted spider mite (tetranychus urticae). we also analyzed volatiles from the leaves treated with jasmonic acid (ja) and/or methyl salicylate (mesa). the volatiles induced by aqueous ja treatment were qualitatively and quantitatively similar to those induced by s. exigua or m. separata damage. furthermore, both s. exigua ...	2000	10845451
fermentations of pectin-rich biomass with recombinant bacteria to produce fuel ethanol.	pectin-rich residues from sugar beet processing contain significant carbohydrates and insignificant amounts of lignin. beet pulp was evaluated for conversion to ethanol using recombinant bacteria as biocatalysts. hydrolysis of pectin-rich residues followed by ethanolic fermentations by yeasts has not been productive because galacturonic acid and arabinose are not fermentable to ethanol by these organisms. the three recombinant bacteria evaluated in this study, escherichia coli strain ko11, klebs ...	2000	10849785
[anomalies in cytoskeletal microtubules in a mutant line of sugar beets].	the morphological phenotype of meimutation acd (abnormal cytoskeleton dynamics) in beta vulgaris was analysed using a classic method of achromatic figure visualization (navashin fixative). the mutation demonstrates two different phenotypes under different growth conditions. the first variant is characterized by formation of chaotic network of microtubule bundles instead of two bipolar spindles at metaphase ii. such abnormality leads to the formation of polyads and monads. the second variant of p ...	2000	10849932
oxalate oxidases and differentiating surface structure in wheat: germins.	oxalate oxidases (oxos) have been found to be concentrated in the surface tissues of wheat embryos and grains: germin is concentrated in root and leaf sheaths that surround germinated embryos; pseudogermin (oxo-psi) is concentrated in the epidermis and bracts that 'encircle' mature grains. most strikingly, the epidermal accumulation of oxo-psi was found to presage the transition of a delicate 'skin', similar to the fragile epidermis of human skin, into the tough shell (the miller's 'beeswing') t ...	2000	10861243
dietary sugar beet fiber prevents the increase in aberrant crypt foci induced by gamma-irradiation in the colorectum of rats treated with an immunosuppressant.	we demonstrated recently that gamma-irradiation can induce aberrant crypt foci (acf) in the rat colorectum. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary sugar beet fiber (sbf) on the distribution of the cd8(+) intraepithelial lymphocyte (iel) in the colorectum and on the number of gamma-irradiation-induced acf of rats administered anti-asialo gm1 (alpha agm1) as an immunosuppressant. wistar/st rats fed a fiber-free diet or the diet supplemented with sbf (100 g/kg diet) were admini ...	2000	10867036
dietary soy protein is associated with reduced intestinal mucosal polyamine concentration in male wistar rats.	quantitation of polyamine levels has been correlated with biomarkers of proliferation in the colon mucosa where dysregulated epithelial hyperproliferation is associated with colorectal cancer risk. this study was performed to assess the response of polyamine measurements to dietary factors in an animal model. male wistar rats were fed purified diet or diets substituted by 20% lard fat, 20% beet fiber and 20% soy protein. after 2 wk, mucosal polyamines were measured along intestinal tracts by hpl ...	2000	10867056
the complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) reveals a novel gene for trna(cys)(gca).	we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial genome of an angiosperm, sugar beet (beta vulgaris cv tk81-o). the 368 799 bp genome contains 29 protein, five rrna and 25 trna genes, most of which are also shared by the mitochondrial genome of arabidopsis thaliana, the only other completely sequenced angiosperm mitochondrial genome. however, four genes identified here (namely rps13, trnf-gaa, ccb577 and trnc2-gca) are missing in arabidopsis mitochondria. in addition, four gen ...	2000	10871408
codominant analysis of banding data from a dominant marker system by normal mixtures.	amplified fragment length polymorphisms (aflps) currently are among the most widely used marker systems. in many studies, aflps are analyzed on the basis of the presence or absence of a band on an electrophoretic gel. as a result, dominant homozygous individuals are not distinguished from heterozygous individuals, resulting in a considerable loss of information. this article shows how codominant information can be obtained if the amount of pcr products is quantified. due to measurement variation ...	2000	10880503
calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum of higher plants elicited by the nadp metabolite nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate.	higher plants share with animals a responsiveness to the ca(2+) mobilizing agents inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp(3)) and cyclic adp-ribose (cadpr). in this study, by using a vesicular (45)ca(2+) flux assay, we demonstrate that microsomal vesicles from red beet and cauliflower also respond to nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (naadp), a ca(2+)-releasing molecule recently described in marine invertebrates. naadp potently mobilizes ca(2+) with a k(1/2) = 96 nm from microsomes of non ...	2000	10890899
monitoring and control of industrial downstream processing of sugar beet molasses.	in present work the determination of several amino acids during the industrial chromatographic desugarisation of molasses is presented. the use of innovative biosensor systems for highly specific detection of serine is described. using two-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry, a non-invasive method for the determination of several product fractions could be established in an industrial chromatographic procedure.	2000	10895955
enhancement in activity of homologous and heterologous baculoviruses infectious to beet armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) by an optical brightener.	the nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv) from the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner) (semnpv), was the most active virus tested against the beet armyworm (lc50 = 4.1 pibs/mm2), followed by nuclear polyhedrosis viruses from the alfalfa looper, autographa californica (speyer) (acmnpv; lc50 = 92.6 pibs/mm2), and the celery looper, anagrapha falcifera (kirby) (afmnpv; lc50 = 195.7 pibs/mm2). in the case of the nuclear polyhedrosis virus from the bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hübner), lc50s coul ...	2000	10902301
the effect of red beet (beta vulgaris var. rubra) fiber on alimentary hypercholesterolemia and chemically induced colon carcinogenesis in rats.	the effect of diet supplemented with 5% and 15% cellulose or with 15% fiber isolated from red beet (beta vulgaris var. rubra) on the development of alimentary hypercholesterolemia and chemically induced colon carcinoma was studied in male wistar rats. hypercholesterolemia was induced by a diet containing 0.3% of cholesterol and colon carcinoma was induced by treatment with dimethylhydrazine (20 mg/kg, 12 doses applied s.c. in one-week intervals). fibrous matter isolated from red beet contained 8 ...	2000	10907240
culture of red beet hairy roots by considering variation in sensitivity of tip meristems to hydraulic stress.	in the culture of red beet hairy roots in shaking flasks, a period for acclimation without lateral root generation existed at the early stage, and the root tip meristems containing growing points (gps) were found to be damaged under an elevated shear stress condition. the loading experiments of shear stress to the hairy roots revealed that the gps subjected to the acclimation acquired tolerance to shear stress, retaining relatively high viability of gps up to 0.6n/m(2) of loaded shear stress. ne ...	2000	10908861
fish to mitotic chromosomes and extended dna fibres of beta procumbens in a series of monosomic additions to beet (b. vulgaris).	the physical localization and organization of a procumbentes-specific repetitive dna sequence, pb6-4, on the chromosomes of beta procumbens (2n = 18) were studied, using fish (fluorescence in situ hybridization) to mitotic chromosomes and extended dna fibres. the chromosomes of b. procumbens were studied in metaphase complements of the species itself, as well as in preparations of a series of eight different b. procumbens-derived monosomic additions to b. vulgaris (2n = 18). fish to chromosome s ...	2000	10919719
[the actin cytoskeletal characteristics of the root meristem cells in beta vulgaris l. at different mitotic stages].	for the first time the actin cytoskeleton in meristem cells of b. vulgaris root has been studied. it was established that all discovered earlier patterns of microfilament arrangement were also specific for meristem of present species. specific rearrangements of actin in the sites of spindle (prophase) and phragmoplast formation (telophase) were revealed. it is supposed, that actin cytoskeleton determines certain position of spindle in cells and takes part in the cell plate formation.	2008	10920855
simultaneous detection of the establishment of seed-inoculated pseudomonas fluorescens strain dr54 and native soil bacteria on sugar beet root surfaces using fluorescence antibody and in situ hybridization techniques.	colonization at sugar beet root surfaces by seedling-inoculated biocontrol strain pseudomonas fluorescens dr54 and native soil bacteria was followed over a period of 3 weeks using a combination of immunofluorescence (dr54-targeting specific antibody) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (rrna-targeting eubacteria eub338 probe) techniques with confocal laser scanning microscopy. the dual staining protocol allowed cellular activity (ribosomal number) to be recorded in both single cells and micro ...	2000	10922498
atp-induced sucrose efflux from red-beet tonoplast vesicles.	sucrose efflux from the vacuole of mobilizing red-beet (beta vulgaris l.) hypocotyl cells was investigated using purified tonoplast vesicles. tonoplast vesicle purity was assured by the immunoreactivity to antibodies raised against the vacuolar atpase and by the strong inhibition exhibited by the h+-atpase to bafilomycin-a and no3-. inhibition of the h+-atpase by vanadate and azide was negligible. sucrose was loaded into tonoplast vesicles by using the ph-jump method of energization. addition of ...	2000	10923706
purification and characterization of a novel alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from pichia capsulata x91.	an intracellular alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from pichia capsulata x91 was purified and characterized. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity from a cell-free extract by ammonium sulfate treatment, concanavalin a-sepharose, ion-exchange chromatography with deae bio-gel a agarose, arabinose-sepharose 6b affinity chromatography, and hydroxyapatite column chromatography. the apparent molecular mass of the enzyme was estimated to be 250 kda by native-page. the enzyme molecule was suggested to be a t ...	2000	10923788
overproduction of an inducible extracellular serine protease improves biological control of pythium ultimum by stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain w81.	stenotrophomonas maltophilia w81 can protect sugar beet against pythium:-mediated damping-off disease through the production of an extracellular protease. here, the proteolytic enzyme of w81 was purified by anion-exchange chromatography and characterized as a serine protease. the purified enzyme was fungicidal against pythium: ultimum in vitro. its synthesis was inducible by casein in w81, and mutagenesis of this strain using the luciferase (luxab) reporter transposon tn5-764cd resulted in the i ...	2000	10931911
interaction between hsp70 homolog and filamentous virions of the beet yellows virus.	an hsp70 homolog (hsp70h), encoded by the closterovirus beet yellows virus (byv), functions in viral movement from cell to cell. a previous study revealed that in infected cells, hsp70h colocalizes with the masses of byv filamentous virions. here we demonstrate that hsp70h forms a physical complex with byv virions. this conclusion is based on both the comigration of hsp70h with byv virions in sucrose density gradients and the coimmunoprecipitation of the hsp70h and byv capsid protein using anti- ...	2000	10936104
optimisation of culture medium and conditions for alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase production by the extreme thermophilic eubacterium rhodothermus marinus.	the culture medium for rhodothermus marinus was optimised on a shake-flask scale by using statistical factorial designs for enhanced production of a highly thermostable alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (afase). the medium containing 3.6 g/l birch wood xylan and 8.2 g/l yeast extract yielded a maximum of 110 nkat/ml afase activity together with 125 nkat/ml xylanase and 65 nkat/ml beta-xylosidase activity. in addition, low levels of beta-mannanase (30 nkat/ml), alpha-galactosidase (0.2 nkat/ml), beta-g ...	2000	10938421
rhizoscan: a semiautomatic image processing system for characterization of the morphology and secondary metabolite concentration in hairy root cultures.	we describe the application of the newly developed rhizoscan software for accurate morphological analysis and determination of overall and local secondary metabolite concentrations in two clones of beta vulgaris throughout the growth period. local secondary metabolite concentrations may be determined at any point in the root, and pigment gradients in each lateral root can be followed during culture and saved to the computer. throughout the entire analysis process, an image appears in a graphical ...	2000	10940859
characterization of beet necrotic yellow vein furovirus from spanish sugar beets.	rhizomania is a viral disease, caused by beet necrotic yellow vein furovirus (bnyvv), which was detected in spanish sugar beets in 1988, it being focused on the castilla y león region. bnyvv has five rna fragments with specific functions, and the different composition and proportion of rna in the virions allow their separation and the characterization of their activities during the development of the disease. thirty-six samples of sugar beet rootlets and frozen pulps from three different sugar b ...	1999	10943398
mutational study reveals that tertiary interactions are conserved in ribosomal frameshifting pseudoknots of two luteoviruses.	expression of the putative replicase of potato leafroll virus (plrv) is regulated by -1 ribosomal frameshifting in which a primary viral transcript has two overlapping open reading frames (orfs). a region of 39 nt at the junction of the two orfs is essential for frameshifting to occur. it has been shown to harbor two signals, one active on the level of the primary structure, termed the slippery sequence, and one component that forms a secondary or tertiary level structure, described as either a ...	2000	10943894
structure and variability of the 3' end of rna 3 of beet soil-borne pomovirus--a virus with uncertain pathogenic effects.	pcr products representing c. 550 3' terminal bases of beet soil-borne pomovirus (bsbv) rna 3 were compared for sources of this virus from all major sugarbeet-growing areas in germany. in none of these areas conspicious symptoms could be attributed to the presence of bsbv. single strand conformation polymorphism analyses suggested that the bsbv genome may be very variable. this was confirmed by nucleotide sequence analysis. each pcr product which was analysed showed sequence differences to others ...	2000	10948990
relationships between transit time in man and in vitro fermentation of dietary fiber by fecal bacteria.	to assess the effects of drug-induced changes in mean transit time (mtt) on the activity of human fecal flora in vitro.	2000	10951507
dietary sugar beet fiber ameliorates diarrhea as an acute gamma-radiation injury in rats.	gamma radiation induces diarrhea as an acute injury. we have studied whether ingestion of sugar beet fiber influences radiation-induced diarrhea. abdominal irradiation with gamma rays induced diarrhea in male wistar/st rats from 2 to 7 days after a single sublethal dose. the body weight of the irradiated rats was decreased temporarily at 4 days after irradiation regardless of the ingestion of sugar beet fiber. at day 8, it returned to almost the same level as that of unirradiated rats. a change ...	2000	10956431
hepatic ldl receptor mrna in rats is increased by dietary mushroom (agaricus bisporus) fiber and sugar beet fiber.	plasma cholesterol concentration is reduced by feeding some dietary fibers and mushroom fruit body, but the mechanism is not fully understood. we examined the effects of mushroom (agaricus bisporus) fiber and sugar beet fiber on serum cholesterol and hepatic ldl receptor mrna in rats. rats were fed a cholesterol-free diet with 50 g/kg cellulose powder (cp), 50 g/kg mushroom (agaricus bisporus) fiber (msf) or 50 g/kg sugar beet fiber (bf) for 4 wk. there were no significant differences in the bod ...	2000	10958806
viscosinamide-producing pseudomonas fluorescens dr54 exerts a biocontrol effect on pythium ultimum in sugar beet rhizosphere.	growth inhibition of the root pathogen pythium ultimum by the biocontrol agent pseudomonas fluorescens dr54 inoculated on sugar beet seeds was studied in a soil microcosm. plant emergence was followed, together with bacterial rhizosphere colonization, antibiotic production and effects on fungal growth. p. fluorescens dr54 inoculation of the p. ultimum-challenged seeds improved plant emergence after 7 days compared to a control without the biocontrol strain. at this time, p. fluorescens dr54 was ...	2000	10967213
relation of beet yellows virus to the phloem and to movement in the sieve tube.	in minor veins of leaves of beta vulgaris l. (sugar beet) yellows virus particles were found both in parenchyma cells and in mature sieve elements. in parenchyma cells the particles were usually confined to the cytoplasm, that is, they were absent from the vacuoles. in the sieve elements, which at maturity have no vacuoles, the particles were scattered throughout the cell. in dense aggregations the particles tended to assume an orderly arrangement in both parenchyma cells and sieve elements. mos ...	1967	10976202
characteristics of fatty acid composition of lipids in higher plant vacuolar membranes.	the fatty acid composition of vacuolar membrane lipids from plant storage tissues and their genesis have been studied. a high content of unsaturated fatty acids (up to 77%) was observed in lipids of these membranes. linoleic acid prevailed in vacuolar lipids of carrot and red beet (54.2 and 44.2%, respectively). linolenic acid prevailed in vacuolar lipids of garden radish and turnip (39.7 and 33.9%, respectively). regarding saturated fatty acids, vacuolar lipids of garden radish, carrot, and red ...	2000	10987391
involvement of 14-3-3 proteins in the osmotic regulation of h+-atpase in plant plasma membranes.	taking the binding of fusicoccin to plasma membranes as an indicator of complex formation between the 14-3-3 dimer and h+-atpase, we assessed the effect of osmotic stress on the interaction of these proteins in suspension-cultured cells of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). an increase in osmolarity of the cell incubation medium, accompanied by a decrease in turgor, was found to activate the h+ efflux 5-fold. the same increment was observed in the number of high-affinity fusicoccin-binding sites in ...	2000	10987565
synergy between enzymes from aspergillus involved in the degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides.	synergy in the degradation of two plant cell wall polysaccharides, water insoluble pentosan from wheat flour (an arabinoxylan) and sugar beet pectin, was studied using several main-chain cleaving and accessory enzymes. synergy was observed between most enzymes tested, although not always to the same extent. degradation of the xylan backbone by endo-xylanase and beta-xylosidase was influenced most strongly by the action of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase and arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase result ...	2000	10990025
agriculture. genetically modified crops and farmland biodiversity.	the debate about genetically modified crops that are resistant to herbicides and their effects on the environment rages on. in their perspective, firbank and forcella discuss a new model (watkinson et al.) that seeks to calculate the impact of genetically modified herbicide-resistant sugar beet on growth of the weed chenopodium album and on the skylark, which feeds on the seeds of this weed.	2000	10991733
[isolation and characteristics of micromycetes--producers of neutral phenol oxidase from trophic soil with a high level of dioxins].	samples of south vietnamese soils intensely treated with agent orange defoliant were tested for the presence of fungi and actinomycetes with elevated phenol oxidase activity. as a result, fast-growing non-sporulating strain producing neutral phenol oxidases was isolated and identified as mycelia sterilia inbi 2-26. the strain formed extracellular phenol oxidases during surface growth on liquid medium in the presence of guayacol and copper sulfate, as well as during submerged cultivation in liqui ...	2006	10994189
[beta-glucosidase of leaves and roots of the common beet beta vulgaris].	beta-glucosidases detected in the leaves and roots of common beet, beta vulgaris, have been demonstrated to catalyze hydrolysis of native betacyanins. a method is described for the isolation and purification of beta-glucosidase from the roots, which involves ammonium sulfate precipitation, deae-cellulose chromatography, and sephadex gel filtration. maximum activity of the enzyme is detected at 50 degrees c and ph 8.0; it retains stability within the ph range from 5.1 to 9.2. in the leaves, beta- ...	2008	10994196
improved detection and differentiation of poleroviruses infecting beet or rape by multiplex rt-pcr.	three distinct species of virus inducing yellowing of beet, beet mild yellowing virus (bmyv), brassica yellows virus (bryv, synonym bwyv) and beet chlorosis virus (bchv) have been characterised from the genus polerovirus. until recently, no available tools were available to allow accurate and reliable distinction of the three species. based on previous nucleotide sequence alignments and phylogenetic studies, we show that the use of molecular methods enabled the discrimination of these three beet ...	2000	10996635
host-correlated morphological variation of myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae) populations in greece.	morphological variation in nine characters of 157 clones of myzus persicae (sulzer) was examined by multivariate analysis. the clones were collected from peach, prunus persica, the primary host and the secondary hosts tobacco, nicotiana tabacum, cabbage, brassica oleracea, sugarbeet, beta vulgaris and pepper capsicum annuum. the 156 clones originated from various regions of greece, both in the north, where a large part of the population has an annual bisexual generation on peach, and in more sou ...	2000	10996864
physico-chemical and technological studies on sugar beet roots.	the morphological and chemical characteristics of ten varieties of sugar beet roots were evaluated during the season of 1996-1997. the best morphological characteristics were found in top, ito and pamela varieties. the highest expected technological yield of sugar was found in pamela and top. the chemical constituents of different varieties of sugar-beet roots showed significant differences. the suitability of sugar beet juice for preparing beet syrup as a new product was also evaluated and comp ...	2000	10996902
leader proteinase of the beet yellows closterovirus: mutation analysis of the function in genome amplification.	the beet yellows closterovirus leader proteinase (l-pro) possesses a c-terminal proteinase domain and a nonproteolytic n-terminal domain. it was found that although l-pro is not essential for basal-level replication, deletion of its n-terminal domain resulted in a 1, 000-fold reduction in rna accumulation. mutagenic analysis of the n-terminal domain revealed its structural flexibility except for the 54-codon-long, 5'-terminal element in the corresponding open reading frame that is critical for e ...	0	11000252
molecular analyses of european a, b and p type sources of beet necrotic yellow vein virus and detection of the rare p type in kazakhstan.	nucleotide sequence analyses revealed that the genomes of the various european types of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv), i.e. the a, b and p types, are strongly conserved. almost identical sequences were found, for instance, for a types originating from the netherlands, italy and former yugoslavia; these sequences were also almost identical to those determined c. 15 years ago by bouzoubaa et al. (1985; 1986 and 1987). this sequence stability of bnyvv types is in contrast to a pronounced ...	2000	11003469
characterisation of a homogeneous plant aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase.	according to our knowledge, this is the first purification method developed, enabling isolation of a homogeneous aminoaldehyde dehydrogenase (amadh) from etiolated pea seedlings. the procedure involved initial purification with precipitants followed by three low pressure chromatographic steps. partially purified enzyme was further subjected to fast protein liquid chromatography on a mono q column and to affinity-interaction chromatography on 5'-amp sepharose. purity of the final enzyme preparati ...	2000	11004571
seasonal population dynamics and interactions of competing bacteriophages and their host in the rhizosphere.	we describe two prolonged bacteriophage blooms within sugar beet rhizospheres ensuing from an artificial increase in numbers of an indigenous soil bacterium. further, we provide evidence of in situ competition between these phages. this is the first in situ demonstration of such microbial interactions in soil. to achieve this, sugar beet seeds were inoculated with serratia liquefaciens cp6rs or its lysogen, cp6rs-ly-phi 1. these were sown, along with uninoculated seeds, in 36 field plots arrange ...	2000	11010859
partial characterization and localization of a novel type of antifungal protein (iwf6) isolated from sugar beet leaves.	an antifungal protein was isolated from the intercellular washing fluid (iwf) of leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l., cv. monova) and purified to homogeneity. the protein, iwf6, comprising 37 amino acids with six cysteines, was able to inhibit the growth of the pathogen cercospora beticola (sacc.) in vitro, by 75% after 120 h of growth at a concentration of 20 µg ml(-1). the amino acid sequence data were used to generate a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) clone, employed for the isolation of a ...	2000	11011090
effects of chard (beta vulgaris l. var. cicla) extract on pancreatic b cells in streptozotocin-diabetic rats: a morphological and biochemical study.	chard (beta vulgaris l. var. cicla) is used as a hypoglycemic agent by diabetic patients in turkey. the present study was carried out in order to detect whether this plant, used in folk remedies for decreasing blood glucose levels, affects pancreatic b cells and blood glucose. in the diabetic group, a decrease in the number of b cells of langerhans islets and in the secretory materials, a swollen granular endoplasmic reticulum cisternae and widened intercellular areas in some of b cells were obs ...	2000	11025163
effects of iron deficiency on the composition of the leaf apoplastic fluid and xylem sap in sugar beet. implications for iron and carbon transport.	the effects of iron deficiency on the composition of the xylem sap and leaf apoplastic fluid have been characterized in sugar beet (beta vulgaris monohil hybrid). ph was estimated from direct measurements in apoplastic fluid and xylem sap obtained by centrifugation and by fluorescence of leaves incubated with 5-carboxyfluorescein and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran. iron deficiency caused a slight decrease in the ph of the leaf apoplast (from 6.3 down to 5.9) and xylem sap (from 6.0 down to 5 ...	2000	11027735
responses of sugar beet roots to iron deficiency. changes in carbon assimilation and oxygen use.	different root parts with or without increased iron-reducing activities have been studied in iron-deficient and iron-sufficient control sugar beet (beta vulgaris l. monohil hybrid). the distal root parts of iron-deficient plants, 0 to 5 mm from the root apex, were capable to reduce fe(iii)-chelates and contained concentrations of flavins near 700 microm, two characteristics absent in the 5 to 10 mm sections of iron-deficient plants and the whole root of iron-sufficient plants. flavin-containing ...	2000	11027736
characterization of arabinose and ferulic acid rich pectic polysaccharides and hemicelluloses from sugar beet pulp.	pectic polysaccharides were extracted from sugar beet pulp to yield fractions representing homogalacturonans, rhamnogalacturonans, arabinans and relatively small amounts of glucomannans and xyloglucans. the homogalacturonans had an apparent molecular weight of 21 kda and contained relatively high amounts of methyl esters and relatively low amounts of acetyl groups as compared with the ramified 'hairy' regions. three populations which originated from the ramified 'hairy' regions of pectin were di ...	2000	11028786
oxidative cross-linking of pectic polysaccharides from sugar beet pulp.	oxidative cross-linking of three beet pectin extracts with hydrogen peroxide/peroxidase resulted in an increase in viscosity at low concentrations and in the formation of a gel at higher concentrations. gels were formed using concentrations of 1.5% for an autoclave preparation and one obtained by an acid extraction and of 3% for a second autoclaved extract. it was shown that in the autoclave extracts only rhamnogalacturonans and possibly the arabinans participated in the cross-linking reaction. ...	2000	11028787
[the manifestation of the determinative growth trait in the shoots of fodder beet seed plants].	the peculiarities of manifestation of character "determination growth of shoots" in materials of lines of mangel beet was studied. the several types of flowering shoots with various phenotypes were picked out. recessive nature of the character and its inheritance were established.	2008	11033853
[the genetic polymorphism of the dioeciousness trait in the fodder beet].	the data on the study of genetics of the monofloret-cluster trait in fodder beet were presented. three alleles of monofloret mc4, mc5 and mc6 were selected and described. available monofloret sources of fertile fodder beet was tested on allelism.	2009	11033854
detection and nucleotide analysis of rna5 of beet necrotic yellow vein virus isolated in china.	using the rt-pcr method, five isolates of beet necrotic yellow vein virus from china were used for the rna5 genomic component detection and sequence analysis. the result showed that rna5 was only found in the isolates from baotou and hohhot, but not in those of xingjiang, helongjiang, and wulate of inner mongolia. the rna5 components had 1338 nucleotides and 1358 nucleotides in the length of baotou and hohhot isolates, respectively, in which the single open reading frame (orf) encoding for a pro ...	1999	11037951
mechanical transmission of potato leafroll virus.	like typical luteoviruses, potato leafroll virus (plrv) cannot be transmitted mechanically by rubbing plants with solutions containing virus particles. however, plrv was found to be mechanically transmissible from extracts of plants that had been inoculated by viruliferous aphids and then post-inoculated with pea enation mosaic virus-2 (pemv-2). unlike the asymptomatic infections induced by either virus alone, double infections in nicotiana benthamiana induced necrotic symptoms with some line pa ...	2000	11038393
volatile compounds in the production of liquid beet sugar.	samples from different parts of a beet sugar factory and refinery were analyzed with respect to volatile compounds by means of liquid-liquid extraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). a limited number of the samples were analyzed by means of gas phase extraction (headspace) followed by gc-ms. selected compounds were followed through the sugar manufacturing process. the behavior of different compounds varied greatly throughout the process, with some compounds such as geo ...	2000	11052744
production of betacyanins by a cell suspension culture of table beet (beta vulgaris l.).	a cell suspension culture of table beet (beta vulgaris l.) was established for efficient betacyanin production from violet callus induced from the hypocotyls of aseptic seedlings. this suspension culture produced large amounts of betacyanins. the betacyanin content increased with increasing cell growth during the log phase. reducing the total nitrogen concentration (30 mm) and modifying the ratio of ammonium to nitrate (1:14) resulted in an increased betacyanin content. supplementation of fe2+ t ...	2000	11055381
tissue-specific developmental changes in cell-wall ferulate and dehydrodiferulates in sugar beet.	sugar beet (beta valgaris l.) seedlings were grown for 8-14 weeks, and then separated into leaf, petiole, inner and outer storage root and absorptive root fractions. cell-wall ferulate and dehydrodiferulate esters were analysed by hplc. in leaves, ferulate dimers were mostly 8-8 linked, while 8-o-4 and sometimes 8-5 linkages were most abundant in all other tissues. the total dimer content and percentage of dimerisation were much higher in the absorptive root than in other tissues. these results ...	2000	11065284
a modular esterase from penicillium funiculosum which releases ferulic acid from plant cell walls and binds crystalline cellulose contains a carbohydrate binding module.	an esterase was isolated from cultures of the filamentous fungus penicillium funiculosum grown on sugar beet pulp as the sole carbon source. the enzyme (ferulic acid esterase b, faeb) was shown to be a cinnamoyl esterase (ce), efficiently releasing hydroxycinnamic acids from synthetic ester substrates and plant cell walls, and bound strongly to microcrystalline cellulose. a gene fragment was obtained by pcr using partial amino-acid sequences obtained from the pure enzyme and used to a probe a p. ...	2000	11082184
phenolics and betacyanins in red beetroot (beta vulgaris) root: distribution and effect of cold storage on the content of total phenolics and three individual compounds.	the distribution of total phenolics and main betacyanins in red beetroot (beta vulgaris) root was determined. also, the subsequent effects of cold storage on the content of total phenolics, main betacyanins (betanin and isobetanin), and the main known ferulic acid ester (beta-d-fructofuranosyl-alpha-d-(6-o-(e)-feruloylglucopyranoside) were determined in the peel, which is the root part containing the largest amount of total phenolics. the content of total phenolics in the red beetroot water extr ...	2000	11087483
[viable mutant homozygotes at adh1 locus in sugar beet and their combination ablility].	selection for an increased frequency of mutant semilethal allele adh1-s of the gene for alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) was conducted in inbred families of sugar beet. starting from the fourth generation, viable plants of mutant adh1-ss homozygotes appeared. in the sixth generation of selection, the combinative ability of mutant homozygotes ss, normal homozygotes ff, and heterozygotes fs was estimated. the hybrids of mutant homozygotes outperformed the hybrids of normal homozygotes in all parameters ...	2000	11094751
a maize sesquiterpene cyclase gene induced by insect herbivory and volicitin: characterization of wild-type and mutant alleles.	plants can defend themselves from herbivorous insects by emitting volatile chemical signals that attract natural enemies of the herbivore. for example, maize seedlings attacked by beet armyworm larvae (spodoptera exigua) produce a mixture of terpenoid and indole volatiles that serve to attract parasitic wasps. a key step in terpenoid biosynthesis is the conversion of acyclic prenyl diphosphates to terpenoid compounds by specific terpenoid synthases (cyclases). we have cloned a maize sesquiterpen ...	2000	11106370
an herbivore elicitor activates the gene for indole emission in maize.	maize and a variety of other plant species release volatile compounds in response to herbivore attack that serve as chemical cues to signal natural enemies of the feeding herbivore. n-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-l-glutamine is an elicitor component that has been isolated and chemically characterized from the regurgitant of the herbivore-pest beet armyworm. this fatty acid derivative, referred to as volicitin, triggers the synthesis and release of volatile components, including terpenoids and indole i ...	2000	11106389
overproduction of spinach betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase in escherichia coli. structural and functional properties of wild-type, mutants and e. coli enzymes.	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh) catalyzes the last step in the synthesis of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine from choline. although betaine aldehyde has been thought to be a specific substrate for badh, recent studies have shown that human and sugar beet badhs also catalyze the oxidation of omega-aminoaldehydes. to characterize the kinetic and stability properties of spinach badh, five kinds of expression vectors encoding full length, mature, e103q, e103k, and chimera badhs were construc ...	2000	11106411
health benefits of gm beet.		2000	11106899
aspergillus niger i-1472 and pycnoporus cinnabarinus mucl39533, selected for the biotransformation of ferulic acid to vanillin, are also able to produce cell wall polysaccharide-degrading enzymes and feruloyl esterases.	the filamentous fungal strains aspergillus niger i-1472 and pycnoporus cinnabarinus mucl39533, previously selected for the bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillic acid and vanillin respectively, were grown on sugar beet pulp. a large spectrum of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes was produced by a. niger and very few levels of feruloyl esterases were found. in contrast, p. cinnabarinus culture filtrate contained low amount of polysaccharide-degrading enzymes and no feruloyl esterases. in order t ...	2001	11118600
structure, production characteristics and fungal antagonism of tensin - a new antifungal cyclic lipopeptide from pseudomonas fluorescens strain 96.578.	to study the antagonistic activity by pseudomonas fluorescens strain 96.578 on the plant pathogenic fungus rhizoctonia solani.	2000	11123472
simultaneous ethanol and bacterial ice nuclei production from sugar beet molasses by a zymomonas mobilis cp4 mutant expressing the inaz gene of pseudomonas syringae in continuous culture.	the aim of this work was to construct a zymomonas mobilis mutant capable of simultaneous ethanol and ice nuclei production from agricultural by-product such as sugar beet molasses, in steady-state continuous culture.	2000	11123473
monitoring gene flow from transgenic sugar beet using cytoplasmic male-sterile bait plants.	one of the most discussed environmental effects associated with the use of transgenic plants is the flow of genes to plants in the environment. the flow of genes may occur through pollen since it is the reproductive system that is designed for gene movement. pollen-mediated gene escape is hard to control in mating plants. pollen from a wind pollinator can move over distances of more than 1000 m. to investigate the efficiency of transgenic pollen movement under realistic environmental conditions, ...	2000	11123616
deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and stable carbon isotope ratio analysis/mass spectrometry of certain monofloral honeys.	quantitative deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (nmr) has been used in conjunction with stable carbon isotope ratio analysis/mass spectrometry to refine the detection of sugars that have been added to monofloral honeys. the 13c content of sugars indicates the type of photosynthetic metabolism of the plant that synthesized them; the deuterium content is more characteristic of secondary metabolism and of environmental factors. consequently, determination of the 13c content of honeys ...	2013	11128144
effects of dietary carbohydrates and buffering capacity on nutrient digestibility and manure characteristics in finishing pigs.	a 2 x 3 factorial experiment was conducted with 24 finishing pigs (yorkshire x [finnish landrace x dutch landrace]) to determine the effects of dietary buffering capacity (bc) and carbohydrate sources on apparent total tract digestibility (td), n retention, and manure characteristics. twelve of these pigs were fitted with steered ileo-cecal value cannulas to measure the apparent ileal digestibility (id) of n. experimental variables were two levels of bc (high = 600 meq/kg and low = 530 meq/kg) a ...	2000	11132824
overexpression of the bt cry2aa2 operon in chloroplasts leads to formation of insecticidal crystals.	in nuclear transgenic plants, expression of multiple genes requires introduction of individual genes and time-consuming subsequent backcrosses to reconstitute multi-subunit proteins or pathways, a problem that is compounded by variable expression levels. in order to accomplish expression of multiple genes in a single transformation event, we have introduced several genes into the chromoplast genome. we confirmed stable integration of the cry2aa2 operon by pcr and southern blot analyses in t(0) a ...	2001	11135556
a century of plant virus management in the salinas valley of california, 'east of eden'.	the mild climate of the salinas valley, ca lends itself well to a diverse agricultural industry. however, the diversity of weeds, crops and insect and fungal vectors also provide favorable conditions for plant virus disease development. this paper considers the incidence and management of several plant viruses that have caused serious epidemics and been significant in the agricultural development of the salinas valley during the 20th century. beet curly top virus (bctv) almost destroyed the newl ...	2000	11137170
invertase proteinaceous inhibitor of cyphomandra betacea sendt fruits.	this work describes a new invertase proteinaceous inhibitor from cyphomandra betacea sendt. (tomate de arbol) fruits. the proteinaceous inhibitor was isolated and purified from a cell wall preparation. the ph stability, kinetics of the inhibition of the c. betacea invertase, inhibition of several higher plant invertases and lectin nature of the inhibitor were studied. the inhibitor structure involves a single polypeptide (mr = 19000), as shown by gel filtration and sds-page determinations. n-ter ...	2000	11140613
characterization of a mak subgroup cdc2-like protein kinase from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.).	the mak-type cdc2-like protein kinases are, a relatively uncharacterized group of proteins. bvcrk2 encodes a plant mak-type kinase. its highest levels of expression occur in the secondary meristems of developing sugar beet storage organs, suggesting a role, in planta, in the regulation of cell division or early cell differentiation.	2000	11141185
rs2: a sugar beet gene related to the latex allergen hev b 5 family.	a novel gene (rs2) has been isolated from a beta vulgaris (cv. regina) cdna library. the expression of this gene was enhanced in the mature storage organ as compared to leaf tissue. the protein encoded by this gene was found to be alanine- and glutamic acid-rich and it resembles members of the latex allergen hev b 5 family.	2000	11141186
the large-scale organization of the centromeric region in beta species.	in higher eukaryotes, the dna composition of centromeres displays a high degree of variation, even between chromosomes of a single species. however, the long-range organization of centromeric dna apparently follows similar structural rules. in our study, a comparative analysis of the dna at centromeric regions of beta species, including cultivated and wild beets, was performed using a set of repetitive dna sequences. our results show that these regions in beta genomes have a complex structure an ...	2001	11157788
technical advance: reduction of fe(iii)-chelates by mesophyll leaf disks of sugar beet. multi-component origin and effects of fe deficiency.	the characteristics of the fe(iii)-chelate reductase activity have been investigated in mesophyll disks of fe-sufficient and fe-deficient sugar beet leaves. the fe(iii)-chelate reductase activity of mesophyll disks was light dependent and increased markedly when the epidermis was removed. iron(iii)-citrate was photo-reduced directly by light in the absence of plant tissue. total reductase activity was the sum of enzymatic mesophyll reduction, enzymatic reduction carried out by organelles exposed ...	2001	11158448
maintaining methylation activities during salt stress. the involvement of adenosine kinase.	synthesis of the compatible osmolyte gly betaine is increased in salt-stressed spinach (spinacia oleracea). gly betaine arises by oxidation of choline from phosphocholine. phosphocholine is synthesized in the cytosol by three successive s-adenosyl-met-dependent n-methylations of phosphoethanolamine. with each transmethylation, a molecule of s-adenosylhomo-cys (sah) is produced, a potent inhibitor of s-adenosyl-met-dependent methyltransferases. we examined two enzymes involved in sah metabolism: ...	2001	11161043
cell-to-cell movement of potato virus x involves distinct functions of the coat protein.	complementation of movement-deficient potato virus x (pvx) coat protein (cp) mutants, namely pvx.cp-xho lacking the 18 c-terminal amino acid residues and pvx.deltacp lacking the entire cp gene, was studied by transient co-expression with heterologous proteins. these data demonstrated that the potyvirus cps and both the major and minor cps of beet yellows closterovirus could complement cell-to-cell movement of pvx.cp-xho but not pvx.deltacp. these data also indicated that the c-terminally truncat ...	2001	11161285
mechanical transmission of poleroviruses.	previously, transmission of poleroviruses has relied solely on the use of their aphid vectors. biolistic inoculation allowed for the first time the mechanical transmission of beet western yellows virus (bwyv) and potato leafroll virus (plrv) to several host plants. inoculation with purified preparations and viral rna extracts of plrv resulted in 30-50% systemically infected nicotiana occidentalis p1 plants and 15-30% infected nicotiana clevelandii plants. particle bombardment was also used succe ...	2001	11164501
molecular characterization and chromosomal distribution of species-specific repetitive dna sequences from beta corolliflora, a wild relative of sugar beet.	repetitive dna sequences have been isolated from a sau3ai plasmid library of tetraploid beta corolliflora (2n = 4x = 36), a wild relative of sugar beet (b. vulgaris). the library was screened by differential hybridization with genomic dna of b. corolliflora and b. vulgaris. when used as probes for southern hybridization of genomic dna, six clones were determined to represent highly repetitive dna families present only in the b. corolliflora genome. five other sequences were highly repetitive in ...	2000	11195340
co-composting of sugarbeet vinasse: influence of the organic matter nature of the bulking agents used.	two composts were obtained by co-composting of a concentrated depotassified beet vinasse and two agricultural solid residues with different organic matter nature: grape marc (gm; lignin waste) and cotton gin trash (c; cellulosic waste). composting was carried out in aerated piles with mechanical turning, in controlled conditions during 4 months. after 71 days of composting, a new addition of vinasse similar to the initial addition was made. changes in temperature, ph and inorganic nitrogen follo ...	2001	11198182
identification of conserved traits in fluorescent pseudomonads with antifungal activity.	a collection of 29 fluorescent pseudomonads, some with known biological control activity against a range of phytopathogenic fungi, were characterized phenotypically and genotypically by comparing carbon source utilization patterns, suppression of pythium ultimum both in planta and in vitro and the potential to produce known secondary metabolites. fatty acid profiling and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis of the ribosomal dna operon (ribotyping) were used to determine the d ...	2000	11200428
effects of dietary fermentable carbohydrates on energy metabolism in group-housed sows.	the effect of dietary nonstarch polysaccharide (nsp) content on the metabolic rate in group-housed sows was studied. twelve groups of six nonpregnant sows were each fed one of four experimental diets similar in composition except for the starch and nsp content. exchanging sugar beet pulp silage (sbps) for tapioca created the difference in starch and nsp ratio in the diet. on a dm basis, diets contained 0, 10, 20, or 30% sbps. sows were group-housed and fed at 1.30 times the assumed maintenance e ...	2001	11204695
[expression of single-chain fv antibody for anti-beet necrotic yellow vein virus in escherichia coli].	the heavy chains variable region gene (vh) of monoclonal antibody against beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) was amplified from total dna extracted from anti-bnyvv hybridoma cells by pcr. sequencing showed that the vh belongs to mouse subgroup ii(a) and contains 360 bp, which code one hundred and twenty amino acids. the vh and vl genes were inserted into a plasmid which contains a linker sequence for constructing scfv gene. the new vector named ptc scfv. the scfv was produced in escherichia ...	2000	11209682
plasma cholesterol-lowering effect on rats of dietary fiber extracted from immature plants.	crude dietary fiber samples were prepared from beet, cabbage, japanese radish, onion and mung bean sprouts (bf, cf, rf, of and mf, respectively). these samples contained total dietary fiber at the levels of 814, 699, 760, 693 and 666 g/kg, respectively. to examine the effect of these dietary fiber sources on the plasma cholesterol concentration, male sprague-dawley rats were fed on a fiber-free (ff) diet or on an ff diet supplemented with 5% or 10% dietary fiber. dietary fiber extracted from veg ...	2000	11210115
production of oxalic acid from sugar beet molasses by formed nitrogen oxides.	production of oxalic acid from sugar beet molasses was developed in a series of three reactors. nitrogen oxides formed were used to manufacture oxalic acid in the second and third reactor. parameters affecting the reaction were determined to be, air flow rate, temperature, the amount of v2o5 catalyst and the concentrations of molasses and h2so4. the maximum yields in the second and third reactors were 78.9% and 74.6% of theoretical yield, respectively. also, kinetic experiments were performed an ...	2001	11211079
isolation and nmr characterisation of a (4-o-methyl-d-glucurono)-d-xylan from sugar beet pulp.	stable aqueous suspensions of purified and homogenised sugar beet pulp (sbp) cellulose were subjected to various tfa treatments which induced a flocculation of the suspension and the release of a number of polysaccharides. among these, a 4-o-methyl glucuronoxylan was isolated and characterized by 1h and 13c nmr spectroscopy. in this polysaccharide the molar proportions of d-xyl and 4-o-me-d-glca were found to be 7:1. the presence of a glucuronoxylan at the surface of the cellulose microfibrils i ...	2001	11217983
microwave assisted extraction for trace element analysis of plant materials by icp-aes.	application of microwave assisted extraction for the decomposition and dissolution of plant samples for trace metal determination by icp-aes was examined. dried onion, leaves of spinach beet and three reference materials cta-otl-1, cta-vtl-2 and cl-1 were analyzed. water, edta and hydrochloric acid (0.01, 0.10 and 1.0 m, respectively) were used as leaching solutions. the extraction efficiency was investigated by comparison of the results with those obtained after microwave wet digestion. hcl was ...	2000	11228716
new process for simultaneous removal of nitrogen and sulphur under anaerobic conditions.	a granular activated carbon (gac) anaerobic fluidised-bed reactor treating vinasse from an ethanol distillery of sugar beet molasses was operated for 90 days, the first 40 days of start-up followed by 50 days of operation at constant organic loading rate of 1.7g cod/ld. the reactor showed good performance in terms of organic matter removal but an anomalous behaviour in terms of unusual high concentrations of molecular nitrogen in the biogas. the analysis of the different nitrogenous and sulphur ...	2001	11235879
high-resolution mapping of yacs and the single-copy gene hs1(pro-1) on beta vulgaris chromosomes by multi-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization.	fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) is a powerful approach for physical mapping of dna sequences along plant chromosomes. nematode-resistant sugar beets (beta vulgaris) carrying a beta procumbens translocation were investigated by fish with two differentially labelled yacs originating from the translocation. at mitotic metaphases, the translocation was identified with both yacs in the terminal region on a pair of chromosomes. meiotic chromosomes, representing a far more extended hybridizat ...	2001	11247602
[dependence of the combining ability of mutant sugar beet plants on their phenotype].	repetitive gametic selection for a higher frequency of the adh1-s semilethal mutant allele of the alcohol dehydrogenase (adh) gene yielded viable homozygotes adh1-ss. the plants varied in phenotype from weak mutant to nearly normal (restored). phenotypically different plants were individually tested for combining ability. this parameter was high in plants with the mutant phenotype and tended to decrease, rather than further increase, in plants with a restored normal phenotype. the results are di ...	2001	11253427
food idiosyncrasies: beetroot and asparagus.	anecdotal observations scattered throughout the literature have often provided clues to underlying variations in humans' ability to handle dietary chemicals. beetroot, the red root of the garden beet used extensively as a food source, is known to produce red urine in some people following its ingestion, whereas others appear to be able to eat the vegetable with impunity. asparagus, a vegetable whose young shoots have been eaten as a delicacy since the times of the roman empire, has been associat ...	2001	11259347