Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| insecticide resistance in head lice: clinical, parasitological and genetic aspects. | insecticide treatment resistance is considered to be a major factor in the increasing number of infestations by head lice. the large insecticide selection pressure induced by conventional topical pediculicides has led to the emergence and spread of resistance in many parts of the world. possible mechanisms of resistance include accelerated detoxification of insecticides by enzyme-mediated reduction, esterification, oxidation that may be overcome by synergistic agents such as piperonyl butoxide, ... | 2012 | 22429458 |
| housing and dustbathing effects on northern fowl mites (ornithonyssus sylviarum) and chicken body lice (menacanthus stramineus) on hens. | hen housing (cage or cage-free) did not impact overall abundances of northern fowl mites, ornithonyssus sylviarum (canestrini & fanzago) (acari: macronyssidae), or chicken body lice, menacanthus stramineus (nitzsch) (phthiraptera: menoponidae). cage-free hens received a dustbox with sand plus diatomaceous earth (de), kaolin clay or sulphur. weekly use varied from none to 100% of hens; 73% of hens used the dustbox at least once. ectoparasite populations on dustbathing hens (users) were compared w ... | 2012 | 22458590 |
| insecticidal activity of individual and mixed monoterpenoids of geranium essential oil against pediculus humanus capitis (phthiraptera: pediculidae). | the major components of geranium (geranium maculatum l.) oil and their mixtures were tested against female pediculus humanus capitis de geer (phthiraptera: pediculidae). chemical analysis by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry revealed four major constituents: citronellol (38%), geraniol (16%), citronellyl formate (10.4%), and linalool (6.45%) (concentration expressed as percentage of total). topical application demonstrated that the most potent component was citronellol and geraniol ... | 2012 | 22493851 |
| ovicidal response of nyda formulations on the human head louse (anoplura: pediculidae) using a hair tuft bioassay. | using the in vitro rearing system in conjunction with the hair tuft bioassay, nyda and nyda without fragrances formulations (92% wt:wt dimeticones) were 100% ovicidal (0% of treated eggs hatched) after an 8-h exposure of the eggs of the human head louse (pediculus humanus capitis de geer) following the manufacturer's instructions. comparatively, 78 and 66% of eggs similarly exposed hatched after distilled deionized water or nix (1% permethrin) treatments, respectively. nyda and nyda without frag ... | 2012 | 22493852 |
| variable microsatellite loci for population genetic analysis of old world monkey lice (pedicinus sp.). | parasitic lice have been valuable informants of their host's evolutionary history because they complete their entire life cycle on the host and move between hosts primarily through direct host-to-host contact. therefore, lice are confined to their hosts both in ecological and evolutionary time. lice on great apes have been studied to examine details of their host's evolutionary history; however, species of pedicinus, which parasitize the old world monkeys, are less well known. we sampled lice fr ... | 2012 | 22509906 |
| detection of a knockdown resistance mutation associated with permethrin resistance in the body louse pediculus humanus corporis by use of melting curve analysis genotyping. | louse-borne diseases are prevalent in the homeless, and body louse eradication has thus far been unsuccessful in this population. we aim to develop a rapid and robust genotyping method usable in large field-based clinical studies to monitor permethrin resistance in the human body louse pediculus humanus corporis. we assessed a melting curve analysis genotyping method based on real-time pcr using hybridization probes to detect the m815i-t917i-l920f knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in the parao ... | 2012 | 22573588 |
| bartonella quintana in head lice from sénégal. | head and body lice are strict, obligate human ectoparasites with three mitochondrial clades (a, b, and c). body lice have been implicated as vectors of human diseases, and as the principal vectors of epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and bartonella quintata-associated diseases (trench fever, bacillary angiomatosis, endocarditis, chronic bacteremia, and chronic lymphadenopathy). using molecular methods (real-time and traditional pcr), we assessed the presence of bartonella quintana dna in black h ... | 2012 | 22607067 |
| permethrin and malathion resistance in head lice: results of ex vivo and molecular assays. | treatment of head lice infestation relies on the application of topical insecticides. overuse of these products has led to the emergence of resistance to pyrethroids and malathion worldwide. permethrin resistance in head lice is mostly conferred by the knockdown resistance (kdr) trait. | 2012 | 22627039 |
| insect phylogenomics: results, problems and the impact of matrix composition. | in this study, we investigated the relationships among insect orders with a main focus on polyneoptera (lower neoptera: roaches, mantids, earwigs, grasshoppers, etc.), and paraneoptera (thrips, lice, bugs in the wide sense). the relationships between and within these groups of insects are difficult to resolve because only few informative molecular and morphological characters are available. here, we provide the first phylogenomic expressed sequence tags data ('est': short sub-sequences from a c( ... | 2012 | 22628473 |
| discovery of catalytically active orthologues of the parkinson's disease kinase pink1: analysis of substrate specificity and impact of mutations. | missense mutations of the phosphatase and tensin homolog (pten)-induced kinase 1 (pink1) gene cause autosomal-recessive parkinson's disease. to date, little is known about the intrinsic catalytic properties of pink1 since the human enzyme displays such low kinase activity in vitro. we have discovered that, in contrast to mammalian pink1, insect orthologues of pink1 we have investigated-namely drosophila melanogaster (dpink1), tribolium castaneum (tcpink1) and pediculus humanus corporis (phcpink1 ... | 2011 | 22645651 |
| evidence for an african cluster of human head and body lice with variable colors and interbreeding of lice between continents. | human head lice and body lice have been classified based on phenotypic characteristics, including geographical source, ecotype (preferred egg laying site hair or clothes), shape and color. more recently, genotypic studies have been based on mitochondrial genes, nuclear genes and intergenic spacers. mitochondrial genetic analysis reclassified lice into three genotypes (a, b and c). however, no previous study has attempted to correlate both genotypic and phenotypic data. | 2012 | 22662229 |
| international guidelines for clinical trials with pediculicides. | pediculosis capitis, infestation with head lice, is common in all human societies. chemical pediculicides are often used to control head louse infestations, particularly in wealthy communities. a significant number of different protocols have been used to test the efficacy and safety of pediculicides in clinical trials; this constrains scientific comparison of the evidence for efficacy of the different pediculicides. here we recommend protocols for clinical trials of the efficacy and safety of s ... | 2012 | 22715834 |
| prevalence and risk factors of pediculus (humanus) capitis (anoplura: pediculidae), in primary schools in sanandaj city, kurdistan province, iran. | human head lice, pediculus (humanus) capitis, infest people worldwide and are most prevalent in children. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of head lice, in relation to socioeconomic status of the family and hygienic practices in the home. the prevalence rate was determined in 27 primary schools that had 810 students in sanandaj city who were selected by multistage, systematic random sampling. a total of 38 students from all grades were infested with different rates of infest ... | 2012 | 22735841 |
| a nationwide survey of prevalence of pediculosis in children and adolescents in iran. | since 2005, pediculosis is one of the obligatory reportable diseases from community to the center of disease control. this study is the first nationwide survey on the prevalence of pediculosis and some associated risk factors in iranian children and adolescents. | 2011 | 22737457 |
| carbapenem resistance and acinetobacter baumannii in senegal: the paradigm of a common phenomenon in natural reservoirs. | incidence of carbapenem-resistant acinetobacter baumannii is rising in several parts of the world. in africa, data concerning this species and its resistance to carbapenems are limited. the objective of the present study was to identify the presence of a. baumannii carbapenem-resistant encoding genes in natural reservoirs in senegal, where antibiotic pressure is believed to be low. from october 2010 to january 2011, 354 human head lice, 717 human fecal samples and 118 animal fecal samples were s ... | 2012 | 22745768 |
| prevalence of pediculus humanus capitis infestation among kindergarten children in bahía blanca city, argentina. | the human head louse, pediculus humanus capitis de geer (anoplura: pediculidae), is a worldwide public health concern. this human obligate ectoparasite usually infests school age children. the aim of this work was to investigate the prevalence of head lice in kindergarten children from bahia blanca. in addition, the influence of risk factors for pediculosis infestation, such as gender, hair characteristics, and socioeconomic class, was studied in relation to the prevalence of this ectoparasite. ... | 2012 | 22752696 |
| safety and efficacy of a non-pesticide-based head lice treatment: results of a randomised comparative trial in children. | increasing resistance to pesticide-based head lice treatments has resulted in the need for alternative products to treat head lice infestations, but there are few clinical studies that have adequately tested these products. this multicentre, randomised, assessor-blind, parallel-group phase iv trial compared the safety and efficacy of a non-pesticide-based head lice shampoo with malathion foam in children. | 2012 | 22758350 |
| detection of acinetobacter baumannii in human head and body lice from ethiopia and identification of new genotypes. | acinetobacter baumannii has previously been detected and genotyped in human body lice. the objectives of this study were to determine the presence of this bacterium in head and body lice collected from healthy individuals in ethiopia by molecular methods and to characterize the genotype. | 2012 | 22771379 |
| pediculosis capitis: an update. | head louse infestation, or pediculosis capitis, caused by pediculus humanus var. capitis, is a common health concern in pediatric age group. an itching of the scalp is the chief symptom, whereas presence of viable nits confirms the diagnosis of head louse infestation. secondary bacterial infection with impetignization with cervical and occipital lymphadenopathy can complicate the clinical scenario with physician misdiagnosing pediculosis to a primary bacterial infection. screening and treatment ... | 2012 | 22772612 |
| epidemiology of head lice infestation in primary school pupils, in khajeh city, east azerbaijan province, iran. | pediculus capitis (anoplura: pediculidae) or head louse is an obligate ectoparasite transmitted mainly through physical contact. this study was conducted to survey the prevalence of head lice infestation rate and some risk factors in primary school pupils, in khajeh city east azerbaijan province, iran | 2010 | 22808387 |
| activity of tea tree oil and nerolidol alone or in combination against pediculus capitis (head lice) and its eggs. | head lice infestation is an emerging social problem in undeveloped and developed countries. because of louse resistance increasing, several long-used insecticidal compounds have lost their efficacy, and alternatives, such as essential oils, have been proposed to treat this parasitic infestation. the present study investigated the efficacy of two natural substances: tea tree (melaleuca alternifolia) oil and nerolidol (3,7,11-trimethyl-1,6,10-dodecatrien-3-ol) against lice and its eggs. products w ... | 2012 | 22847279 |
| ivermectin (sklice) topical lotion for head lice. | 2012 | 22869290 | |
| stochastic epidemic models revisited: analysis of some continuous performance measures. | we deal with stochastic epidemic models having a set of absorbing states. the aim of the paper is to study some continuous characteristics of the epidemic. in this sense, we first extend the classical study of the length of an outbreak by investigating the whole probability distribution of the extinction time via laplace transforms. moreover, we also study two almost new epidemic descriptors, namely, the time until a non-infected individual becomes infected and the time until the individual is r ... | 2012 | 22873587 |
| an incurable itch: head lice. | head lice infestations continue to be seen frequently in many communities. some of these children require multiple treatments before eradication. what are the current treatment recommendations for head lice? | 2012 | 22893334 |
| head lice. | 2012 | 22924319 | |
| effectiveness of isopropyl myristate/cyclomethicone d5 solution of removing cuticular hydrocarbons from human head lice (pediculus humanus capitis). | in the treatment of human head lice infestation, healthcare providers are increasingly concerned about lice becoming resistant to existing pesticide treatments. traditional pesticides, used to control these pests, have a neurological mechanism of action. this publication describes a topical solution with a non-traditional mechanism of action, based on physical disruption of the wax layer that covers the cuticle of the louse exoskeleton. this topical solution has been shown clinically to cure 82% ... | 2012 | 22943314 |
| efficacy and safety of spinosad cream rinse for head lice. | 2012 | 22986861 | |
| efficacy and safety of spinosad cream rinse for head lice-reply. | 2012 | 22986862 | |
| spinosad for the treatment of head lice infestations. | head lice infestations continue to be an issue in today's society, with an increase in economic cost and resistance. spinosad 0.9% topical suspension was recently introduced in the u.s. market as a novel agent with both pediculicidal and ovicidal activity, approved in children 4 years of age and older for the treatment of head lice infestations. in clinical trials, it has demonstrated effectiveness against head lice with permethrin resistance. in two clinical trials comparing spinosad to permeth ... | 2012 | 23032800 |
| evolution of extensively fragmented mitochondrial genomes in the lice of humans. | bilateral animals are featured by an extremely compact mitochondrial (mt) genome with 37 genes on a single circular chromosome. the human body louse, pediculus humanus, however, has its mt genes on 20 minichromosomes. we sequenced the mt genomes of two other human lice: the head louse, p. capitis, and the pubic louse, pthirus pubis. comparison among the three human lice revealed the presence of fragmented mt genomes in their most recent common ancestor, which lived ∼7 ma. the head louse has exac ... | 2012 | 23042553 |
| white piedra and pediculosis capitis in the same patient. | white piedra is a superficial mycosis caused by the genus trichosporon. it is characterized by nodules on the hair shaft. pediculosis capitis is caused by pediculus humanus var. capitis of the suborder anoplura. whereas pediculosis is a common infestation, clinical reports of white piedra are rare. molecular biology procedures identified t. inkin as the agent of white piedra in this case report. the authors present associations between the two diseases in the same patient in order to highlight t ... | 2012 | 23044579 |
| simultaneous quantification of stemocurtisine, stemocurtisinol and stemofoline in stemona curtisii (stemonaceae) by tlc-densitometric method. | stemona curtisii hook. f. (family stemonaceae), a prominent species distributed in the south and southwest of thailand, has widely been used as a natural pesticide and as treatment for head lice and skin diseases. this study developed a thin-layer chromatography (tlc)-densitometric method for the simultaneous quantification of major components--stemocurtisine, stemocurtisinol and stemofoline--in the extracts from the roots of s. curtisii collected from 10 locations in thailand. components were f ... | 2016 | 23045553 |
| evidence that head and body lice on homeless persons have the same genotype. | human head lice and body lice are morphologically and biologically similar but have distinct ecologies. they were shown to have almost the same basic genetic content (one gene is absent in head lice), but differentially express certain genes, presumably responsible for the vector competence. they are now believed to be ecotypes of the same species (pediculus humanus) and based on mitochondrial studies, body lice have been included with head lice in one of three clades of human head lice (clade a ... | 2012 | 23049889 |
| biology and genetics of human head and body lice. | head lice and body lice have distinct ecologies and differ slightly in morphology and biology, questioning their taxonomic status. over the past 10 years many genetic studies have been undertaken. controversial data suggest that not only body lice but also head lice can serve as vectors of bartonella quintana, and a better understanding of louse epidemiology is crucial. here, we review taxonomic studies based on biology and genetics, including genomic data on lice, lice endosymbionts, and louse- ... | 2012 | 23069652 |
| advancements in the treatment of head lice in pediatrics. | head lice infestations occur commonly each year in children of all socioeconomic statuses. however, head lice have become more of a nuisance as resistance to first-line agents, such as permethrin 1% and pyrethrins, has increased. newer topical products provide unique mechanisms of action without current signs of resistance. as with older agents, proper application of products must be emphasized to ensure that treatment is effective. in addition, nonpharmacologic measures should be taken to avoid ... | 2012 | 23099312 |
| nationwide report on the findings of integrated school health screening program in iran. | screening of students' health problems could lead to timely prevention and control of many health disorders. this study aimed to determine the nationwide prevalence of common disorders through school health screening program in iran | 2010 | 23113001 |
| topical 0.5% ivermectin lotion for treatment of head lice. | the emergence of resistance to treatment complicates the public health problem of head-louse infestations and drives the need for continuing development of new treatments. there are limited data on the activity of ivermectin as a topical lousicide. | 2012 | 23113480 |
| topical ivermectin--a step toward making head lice dead lice? | 2012 | 23113487 | |
| single application of ivermectin lotion helps get rid of head lice. | 2012 | 23131674 | |
| epidemiological and clinical study of infested cases with pediculus capitis and p. corporis in khorasan-e-razavi, iran. | pediculosis (head lice) is considered as one of the most common health problems of the students in primary schools. the purpose of this study was to survey the prevalence rate of the infestation in the schools of gonabad city (south of khorasan-e-razavi province) to prevent its outbreak by on-time planning. | 2012 | 23133477 |
| head lice surveillance on a deregulated otc-sales market: a study using web query data. | the head louse, pediculus humanus capitis, is an obligate ectoparasite that causes infestations of humans. studies have demonstrated a correlation between sales figures for over-the-counter (otc) treatment products and the number of humans with head lice. the deregulation of the swedish pharmacy market on july 1, 2009, decreased the possibility to obtain complete sale figures and thereby the possibility to obtain yearly trends of head lice infestations. in the presented study we wanted to invest ... | 2012 | 23144923 |
| a pediculid case: autosensitization dermatitis caused by pediculosis capitis. | pediculosis capitis is a worldwide infestation caused by pediculus humanus capitis ectoparasite that only lives on the hairs of the scalp. as a result of severe itching excoriation, secondary bacterial infection, cervical and occipital lymphadenopathy are seen frequently where, sometimes bite reaction, viral exanthema mimicking hypersensitivity eruption and conjunctivitis may occur. hereby, with the presentation of a quite rarely seen pediculid case, characterized with common autosensitization d ... | 2012 | 23169166 |
| study of archaeological nits/eggs of pediculus humanus capitis by scanning electron microscopy. | this paper presents and discusses archaeological samples of pediculus humanus capitis nits/eggs in arica, northern chile, dating between 2000 b.c. and a.d. 500. eight samples of nits/eggs taken directly from seven mummified bodies of both the valley and the coast of arica, were collected and studied. samples were analysed with scanning electron microscopy (sem), uncoated, using low and variable pressure modes. the aim was to study the morphology of the nits/eggs, the different degrees of preserv ... | 2013 | 23176818 |
| the ovicidal, larvacidal and adulticidal properties of 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl against drosophila melanogaster. | insecticide resistance has limited the number of available chemical options for insect pest control. hence there is a need for new chemistries with novel modes of action. here we investigate the mode of action for an insecticide that has not yet been released for commercial use. the ovicidal, larvacidal and adulticidal effects of 5,5'-dimethyl -2, 2'-dipyridyl (termed ha44), which is being developed as a treatment for head lice, were evaluated in the drosophila melanogaster model system. ha44 de ... | 2012 | 23185497 |
| spinosad: an effective and safe pediculicide. | although head lice are not a major health hazard, they have been a source of irritation and disgust for thousands of years. despite the use of over-the-counter (otc) treatments, it has high prevalence, and epidemics occur regularly. permethrin 1% is currently recommended as a drug of choice, but many areas have shown resistance to this insecticide. a 0.9% suspension of spinosad, a naturally occurring pest control product, has recently been approved by the usfda for treatment of pediculosis capit ... | 2012 | 23189260 |
| assessment of the efficacy and safety of a new treatment for head lice. | infestation with head lice is a widespread, persistent, and recurring issue leading to serious health problems if untreated. we are facing resistance phenomena to usual pediculicides and questions about their direct or cumulative toxicity. the aim of this trial was to assess the efficacy of a new product, free of chemical insecticides but with a physical effect. this product contains components whose antilice efficacy has already been demonstrated, as well as andiroba oil which asphyxiates the l ... | 2012 | 23209928 |
| comparative efficacy of commercial combs in removing head lice (pediculus humanus capitis) (phthiraptera: pediculidae). | the use of a fine comb for removing lice from the head of the human host is a relevant tool both in the diagnosis of infestations and as part of an integrated control strategy of head lice. the effectiveness of a fine comb depends, in part, on the design and material they are built. the aim of this study was to compare in vivo the efficacy of metal and plastic combs that are currently used in the removal of head lice and eggs worldwide. the space between comb teeth and the length was 0.23 and 13 ... | 2013 | 23212391 |
| evaluation of a health education program for head lice infestation in female primary school students in chabahar city, iran. | an important health problem in students is pediculosis capitis (head lice infestation) which causes physical, mental, and social complications. social stigma induces feeling of shame, anger, and embarrassment for families and may prevent people from coming forward. | 2013 | 23273236 |
| assessment of the safety and efficacy of three concentrations of topical ivermectin lotion as a treatment for head lice infestation. | ivermectin is a broad-spectrum parasiticide in widespread systemic use, including as an off-label treatment for head lice infestation. the potential of the topical use of ivermectin as a treatment for head lice infestation was suggested by an in vitro report of a novel lotion formulation. | 2013 | 23278618 |
| pediculosis capitis among primary school children and related risk factors in urmia, the main city of west azarbaijan, iran. | pediculosis capitis is cosmopolitan health problem. in addition to its physical problems, its psychological effects especially on pupils are more important. this study was conducted to determine the pediculosis capitis among primary school pupils and also find out the role of probable related risk factors in urmia city, iran 2010. | 2012 | 23293782 |
| in vitro pediculicidal activity of herbal shampoo base on thai local plants against head louse (pediculus humanus capitis de geer). | head lice infestation, a worldwide head infestation caused pediculus humanus capitis de geer, is an important public health problem in thailand. several chemical pediculicides have lost in efficacy due to increasing resistance of lice against insecticide. therefore, non-toxic alternative products, such as natural products from plants, e.g. plant extract pediculicides, are needed for head lice control. the aims of this study were to evaluate the potential of pediculicidal activity of herbal shamp ... | 2013 | 23334727 |
| the prevalence of pediculosis capitis in primary school students in bahar, hamadan province, iran. | head lice infestation caused by pediculus humanus var capitis (pediculus capitis) is a worldwide public health concern that affects mostly school aged children. this descriptive, analytical study was carried out in 2008 to determine the prevalence of pediculosis capitis and some risk factors among primary-school pupils in bahar, hamadan province, iran. | 2009 | 23344146 |
| head lice: the feelings people have. | head lice are a source of amusement for outsiders and an embarrassing nuisance to those who have to deal with them. our study collected the emotions experienced by people dealing with head lice. an area with extremely sparse literature, our purpose is to inform the development of more effective programs to control head lice. | 2013 | 23347303 |
| [deliberate use of several products for pediculus capitis (de geer, 1778) control by parents or tutors of elementary school children]. | self-medication and use of several products as peliculicides seem to be common procedures for those persons living with schoolchildren, in order to eliminate head lice. | 2015 | 23431623 |
| insect bite reactions. | insects are a class of living creatures within the arthropods. insect bite reactions are commonly seen in clinical practice. the present review touches upon the medically important insects and their places in the classification, the sparse literature on the epidemiology of insect bites in india, and different variables influencing the susceptibility of an individual to insect bites. clinical features of mosquito bites, hypersensitivity to mosquito bites epstein-barr virus nk (hmb-ebv-nk) disease ... | 2013 | 23442453 |
| nuclear genetic diversity in human lice (pediculus humanus) reveals continental differences and high inbreeding among worldwide populations. | understanding the evolution of parasites is important to both basic and applied evolutionary biology. knowledge of the genetic structure of parasite populations is critical for our ability to predict how an infection can spread through a host population and for the design of effective control methods. however, very little is known about the genetic structure of most human parasites, including the human louse (pediculus humanus). this species is composed of two ecotypes: the head louse (pediculus ... | 2013 | 23460886 |
| topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. | 2013 | 23465113 | |
| topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. | 2013 | 23465114 | |
| topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. | 2013 | 23465115 | |
| distinguishing body lice from head lice by multiplex real-time pcr analysis of the phum_phum540560 gene. | body louse or head louse? once removed from their environment, body and head lice are indistinguishable. neither the morphological criteria used since the mid-18th century nor the various genetic studies conducted since the advent of molecular biology tools have allowed body lice and head lice to be differentiated. in this work, using a portion of the phum_phum540560 gene from the body louse, we aimed to develop a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay to differentiate between ... | 2013 | 23469145 |
| human pediculosis: a critical health problem and what about nursing policy? | lice infestation on the human body (also known as pediculosis) is very common. cases number in the hundreds of millions worldwide. three distinct presentations of lice infection exist and each is caused by a unique parasite. head lice (pediculus humanus capitis) is by far and away the most common infestation and favors no particular socioeconomic group. a genetically close "cousin," pediculus humanus corporis, is responsible for body lice and is more commonly associated with poverty, overcrowdin ... | 2012 | 23469630 |
| topical ivermectin lotion for head lice. | 2013 | 23472260 | |
| wet combing for the eradication of head lice. | manual removal (using conditioner and comb or a wet comb) can be used in the treatment of head lice. head lice infestation (pediculosis humanus capitis) is a common problem. it is diagnosed by visualising the lice. as half of people infested with head lice will not scratch, all people in contact with a person affected with head lice should be manually checked for infestations. wet combing is easily and safely performed at home, but persistence is needed. this article describes the process of hea ... | 2013 | 23529522 |
| bartonella quintana deploys host and vector temperature-specific transcriptomes. | the bacterial pathogen bartonella quintana is passed between humans by body lice. b. quintana has adapted to both the human host and body louse vector niches, producing persistent infection with high titer bacterial loads in both the host (up to 10(5) colony-forming units [cfu]/ml) and vector (more than 10(8) cfu/ml). using a novel custom microarray platform, we analyzed bacterial transcription at temperatures corresponding to the host (37°c) and vector (28°c), to probe for temperature-specific ... | 2013 | 23554923 |
| epidemiology of pediculosis capitis among schoolchildren in the eastern area of bangkok, thailand. | to determine the prevalence of infestation with head lice in primary schoolchildren in the eastern area of bangkok, thailand. | 2012 | 23569868 |
| skin conditions: emerging drug-resistant skin infections and infestations. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) skin infections are increasingly common. automated microbiology systems are now available to detect mrsa and to determine antibiotic resistance patterns. abscesses should be drained and antibiotics administered, with systemic antibiotics used to manage more severe infections. until sensitivities are known and depending on local resistance rates, clindamycin is an option for empiric management of stable patients without bacteremia. for patients w ... | 2013 | 23600335 |
| amazonian head lice-specific genotypes are putatively pre-columbian. | head and body lice are strict obligate human ectoparasites with three mitochondrial phylotypes (a, b, and c). using molecular methods for genotyping lice (cytochrome b and multi-spacer typing), and comparing our results with all the sequences of human lice that were genotyped previously, we assessed the presence of a specific american genotype that most likely predates the columbian era in head lice collected from amazonia. | 2013 | 23610158 |
| head lice prevalence and associated factors in two boarding schools in sivas. | the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of head louse infestations and the factors affecting the rate of infestation in primary school children in sivas. | 2013 | 23619043 |
| borrelia recurrentis in head lice, ethiopia. | since the 1800s, the only known vector of borrelia recurrentis has been the body louse. in 2011, we found b. recurrentis dna in 23% of head lice from patients with louse-borne relapsing fever in ethiopia. whether head lice can transmit these bacteria from one person to another remains to be determined. | 2013 | 23648147 |
| how to deal with children's head lice. | 2013 | 23672162 | |
| reservoirs of acinetobacter baumannii outside the hospital and potential involvement in emerging human community-acquired infections. | the objective of the present report was to review briefly the potentially community-acquired acinetobacter baumannii infections, to update information on the reservoirs of a. baumannii outside the hospital, and to consider their potential interactions with human infections. most reports on potentially community-acquired a. baumannii have been published during the last 15 years. they concern community-acquired pneumonia, infections in survivors from natural disasters, and infected war wounds in t ... | 2013 | 23672981 |
| identification of novel arthropod vector g protein-coupled receptors. | the control of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, and typhus fever is often achieved with the use of insecticides. unfortunately, insecticide resistance is becoming common among different vector species. there are currently no chemical alternatives to these insecticides because new human-safe classes of molecules have yet to be brought to the vector-control market. the identification of novel targets offer opportunities for rational design of new chemistries to control vector ... | 2013 | 23705687 |
| effect of households' social networks on lice infestation among vulnerable mexican children: a qualitative comparative analysis. | the prevalence of pediculosis is high among elementary and secondary school children, which favors the belief that infestation occurs more often in schools than in homes. this study explored the role of households' social networks in the transmission of head lice. seventeen school children and their social networks (n = 22) from acatlipa (morelos, mexico) participated in a prospective observational study during school vacation. the hair of all the school children was washed with shampoo containi ... | 2013 | 23751254 |
| jama patient page. head lice. | 2013 | 23757090 | |
| substantial variation in the extent of mitochondrial genome fragmentation among blood-sucking lice of mammals. | blood-sucking lice of humans have extensively fragmented mitochondrial (mt) genomes. human head louse and body louse have their 37 mt genes on 20 minichromosomes. in human pubic louse, the 34 mt genes known are on 14 minichromosomes. to understand the process of mt genome fragmentation in the blood-sucking lice of mammals, we sequenced the mt genomes of the domestic pig louse, haematopinus suis, and the wild pig louse, h. apri, which diverged from human lice approximately 65 ma. the 37 mt genes ... | 0 | 23781098 |
| [comparative activity of different groups of insecticides against permethrin-resistant lice (anoplura: pediculidae)]. | the activity of insecticides (ck50, ck95 ) from different chemical classes against permethrin-resistant body and head lice was investigated. having developed resistance to pyrethroids (permethrin, d-phenothrin, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin), the lice remain susceptible to organophosphorus compounds, phenylpyrazoles, neonicotinoids, and avermectins. the susceptibility of lice to the insecticides having a mechanism of action that is different from that of pyrethroids does not depend on the level ... | 2014 | 23805484 |
| [understanding mitochondrial genome fragmentation in parasitic lice (insecta: phthiraptera)]. | lice are obligate ectoparasites of mammals and birds. extensive fragmentation of mitochondrial genomes has been found in some louse species in the families pediculidae, pthiridae, philopteridae and trichodectidae. for example, the mt genomes of human body louse (pediculus humanus), head louse (pediculus capitis), and public louse (pthirus pubis) have 20, 20 and 14 mini-chromosomes, respectively. these mini-chromosomes might be the results of deletion and recombination of mt genes. the factors an ... | 2013 | 23853355 |
| the use of the head louse as a remedy for jaundice in spanish folk medicine: an overview. | in spain, head lice are considered a therapeutic resource for the treatment of jaundice. all folk remedies based on the ingestion of these insects meet in the present document, previously dispersed among a large number of references. | 2013 | 23876126 |
| [exanthematic typhus epidemic in chile (1932-1939)]. | after the great epidemic of the exanthematic typhus of 1918-1919 in chile, there was a gradual decrease in the number of cases , until it became endemic around 1926. starting in 1932 and until 1939 a new epidemic outbreak occured that prompted researchers to its study supported by the new clinical and technological advances of this period. subsequently, two important events occured: the erradication of the vector ( human louse) by means of effective insecticides and the discovery of an effective ... | 2013 | 23877780 |
| mitochondrial diversity in human head louse populations across the americas. | anthropological studies suggest that the genetic makeup of human populations in the americas is the result of diverse processes including the initial colonization of the continent by the first people plus post-1492 european migrations. because of the recent nature of some of these events, understanding the geographical origin of american human diversity is challenging. however, human parasites have faster evolutionary rates and larger population sizes allowing them to maintain greater levels of ... | 2013 | 23900879 |
| sklice (ivermectin) lotion for the treatment of head lice. | 2013 | 23930357 | |
| in vitro efficacy of synthetic skin repellent ir3535 on head lice (pediculus capitis). | in in vitro tests, skin repellent ir3535, applied in the form of the diffusil h prevental product in an aerosol bomb (active compound 20%), killed 100% of head lice (females and males) and nymphs 2 and 3, when directly sprayed at a dose of 0.94 mg of the active compound per square centimeter. crawling lice exposed for 1 min on the filter paper impregnated by the same concentration showed no effort to suck blood 30 min after exposition. twenty hours later, their mortality rate was 11 %. after the ... | 2013 | 23933877 |
| pediculicidal effect of herbal shampoo against pediculus humanus capitis in vitro. | human head lice infestation is an important public health problem in thailand. lice resistance is increasing, chemical pediculicides have lost their efficacy and thus alternative products such as herbal shampoos have been proposed to treat lice infestation. the present study investigated the efficacy of twenty nine herbal shampoos based on zinbiberaceae plants, piperaceae plants and native plants against human head lice and compared them with malathion shampoo (a-lices shampoo®: 1% w/v malathion ... | 2013 | 23959497 |
| malathion topical lotion: therapy for resistant head lice. | 2013 | 23989635 | |
| the prevalence of pediculus capitis among the middle schoolchildren in fars province, southern iran. | background : pediculosis capitis is a common parasitic infection of children. in this study we assessed the prevalence of head pediculosis among the middle schoolchildren in the urban and rural areas of fars province, southern iran. | 2013 | 24009945 |
| pediculosis capitis: prevalence and its associated factors in primary school children living in rural and urban areas in kayseri, turkey. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of pediculosis capitis in schoolchildren living in rural and urban areas in kayseri, a city located in central anatolia in turkey. | 2013 | 24053067 |
| heteroplasmy in the mitochondrial genomes of human lice and ticks revealed by high throughput sequencing. | the typical mitochondrial (mt) genomes of bilateral animals consist of 37 genes on a single circular chromosome. the mt genomes of the human body louse, pediculus humanus, and the human head louse, pediculus capitis, however, are extensively fragmented and contain 20 minichromosomes, with one to three genes on each minichromosome. heteroplasmy, i.e. nucleotide polymorphisms in the mt genome within individuals, has been shown to be significantly higher in the mt cox1 gene of human lice than in hu ... | 2013 | 24058467 |
| survey assessment on pediatricians' attitudes on head lice management. | pediculosis capitis is a worldwide health problem. one of the most important factor in effective head lice eradication is to ensure that infestation is adequately recognized and treated. our survey investigated the knowledge and practice among primary care italian pediatricians regarding to the prevention and treatment of head lice. | 2013 | 24090319 |
| a single application of dimeticone is superior to two applications of permethrin in ridding head lice. | 2013 | 24160659 | |
| genetic recombination events between sympatric clade a and clade c lice in africa. | human head and body lice have been classified into three phylogenetic clades (clades a, b, and c) based on mitochondrial dna. based on nuclear markers (the 18s rrna gene and the pm2 spacer), two genotypes of clade a head and body lice, including one that is specifically african (clade a2), have been described. in this study, we sequenced the pm2 spacer of clade c head lice from ethiopia and compared these sequences with sequences from previous works. trees were drawn, and an analysis of genetic ... | 2013 | 24180123 |
| microbial symbiosis and the control of vector-borne pathogens in tsetse flies, human lice, and triatomine bugs. | symbiosis is a widespread biological phenomenon, and is particularly common in arthropods. bloodsucking insects are among the organisms that rely on beneficial bacterial symbionts to complement their unbalanced diet. this review is focused on describing symbiosis, and possible strategies for the symbiont-based control of insects and insect-borne diseases, in three bloodsucking insects of medical importance: the flies of the genus glossina, the lice of the genus pediculus, and triatomine bugs of ... | 2013 | 24188239 |
| evidence of sympatry of clade a and clade b head lice in a pre-columbian chilean mummy from camarones. | three different lineages of head lice are known to parasitize humans. clade a, which is currently worldwide in distribution, was previously demonstrated to be present in the americas before the time of columbus. the two other types of head lice are geographically restricted to america and australia for clade b and to africa and asia for clade c. in this study, we tested two operculated nits from a 4,000-year-old chilean mummy of camarones for the presence of the partial cytb mitochondrial gene ( ... | 2013 | 24204678 |
| decoding the ubiquitin-mediated pathway of arthropod disease vectors. | protein regulation by ubiquitin has been extensively described in model organisms. however, characterization of the ubiquitin machinery in disease vectors remains mostly unknown. this fundamental gap in knowledge presents a concern because new therapeutics are needed to control vector-borne diseases, and targeting the ubiquitin machinery as a means for disease intervention has been already adopted in the clinic. in this study, we employed a bioinformatics approach to uncover the ubiquitin-mediat ... | 2013 | 24205097 |
| the epidemiology and geographic distribution of relapsing fever borreliosis in west and north africa, with a review of the ornithodoros erraticus complex (acari: ixodida). | relapsing fever is the most frequent bacterial disease in africa. four main vector / pathogen complexes are classically recognized, with the louse pediculus humanus acting as vector for b. recurrentis and the soft ticks ornithodoros sonrai, o. erraticus and o. moubata acting as vectors for borrelia crocidurae, b. hispanica and b. duttonii, respectively. our aim was to investigate the epidemiology of the disease in west, north and central africa. | 2013 | 24223812 |
| the biology and taxonomy of head and body lice--implications for louse-borne disease prevention. | 2013 | 24244157 | |
| topical ivermectin 0.5% lotion for treatment of head lice. | to investigate the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, adverse effects, and place in therapy of a single application of topical ivermectin 0.5% lotion for head lice treatment. | 2013 | 24259731 |
| solanum trilobatum extract-mediated synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to control pediculus humanus capitis, hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and anopheles subpictus. | titanium dioxide nanoparticles (tio2 nps) are widely used in paints, printing ink, rubber, paper, cosmetics, sunscreens, car materials, cleaning air products, industrial photocatalytic processes, and decomposing organic matters in wastewater due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. the present study was conducted to assess the antiparasitic efficacies of synthesized tio2 nps utilizing leaf aqueous extract of solanum trilobatum against the adult head louse, pediculus hum ... | 2014 | 24265057 |
| acquisition and excretion of bartonella quintana by the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis. | bartonella quintana is transmitted by the infected faeces of body lice. recently, this bacterium was detected in cat fleas (ctenocephalides felis) and in two humans with chronic adenopathy whose only risk factor was contact with cat fleas. in this study, a total of 960 c. felis were divided into 12 groups (2 control groups and 10 infected groups) each containing 80 fleas. the fleas were fed b. quintana-inoculated human blood at different dilutions (≈3.6 × 10(4) - 8.4 × 10(9) bacteria) for 4 days ... | 2014 | 24400877 |
| differential gene expression in laboratory strains of human head and body lice when challenged with bartonella quintana, a pathogenic bacterium. | human head and body lice are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites that belong to a single species, pediculus humanus. only body lice, however, are vectors of the infectious gram-negative bacterium bartonella quintana. because of their near identical genomes, yet differential vector competence, head and body lice provide a unique model system to study the gain or loss of vector competence. using our in vitro louse-rearing system, we infected head and body lice with blood containing b. quintana ... | 2014 | 24404961 |
| efficacy and safety of dimeticone in the treatment of lice infestation through prophylaxis of classmates. | we conducted a study to evaluate efficacy and safety of dimeticone 4%, a lotion with no conventional insecticide activity, to cure lice infection and to prevent spread of infestation/reinfestation by prophylaxis of classmates. | 2013 | 24427749 |