Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| oligomerization of glycolipid-anchored and soluble forms of the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein. | the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein forms noncovalently linked trimers in the endoplasmic reticulum before being transported to the golgi apparatus. the experiments reported here were designed to determine if the extracellular domain of the glycoprotein contains structural information sufficient to direct trimer formation. to accomplish this, we generated a construct encoding g protein with the normal transmembrane and anchor sequences replaced with the sequence encoding 53 c-terminal am ... | 1989 | 2555557 |
| molecular analysis of the inhibitory effect of phosphorylated ribavirin on the vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro polymerase reaction. | the effect of phosphorylated ribavirin on the vesicular stomatitis virus in vitro transcription reaction was examined. analysis of the kinetics observed when the concentrations of nucleoside triphosphates were varied was performed with vesicular stomatitis virus wild-type standard virions. double-reciprocal and eadie-hofstee plots showed competitive inhibition with all natural nucleoside triphosphates when both ribavirin diphosphate (rdp) and ribavirin triphosphate (rtp) were used. the km values ... | 1989 | 2556073 |
| [unexpected effects of a whole body irradiation on the mortality rate of baby mice after an experimental infection with the vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv)]. | the effect of total body irradiation of baby mice or their pregnant mothers with surface doses of 3.9 gy on the mortality rate after infection of the baby mice with vsv has been studied. irradiation of the newborns had no influence on the mortality rate of the infected animals. irradiation of the pregnant animals--and the foetuses in utero--caused an astonishing decrease of the mortality rate of the infected baby mice for about 50% in compare to the non irradiated controls. | 1989 | 2556869 |
| intracellular transport of the glycoprotein of vsv is inhibited by cccp at a late stage of post-translational processing. | the appearance of newly synthesized glycoprotein (g) of vesicular stomatitis virus at the surface of infected bhk cells is inhibited reversibly by treatment with carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (cccp). under the conditions used, cccp treatment depleted the cellular atp levels by 40-60%, consistent with inhibition of transport at energy-requiring stages. the g protein that accumulates in cells treated with cccp is heterogeneous. most of it is larger than the newly synthesized g protein, i ... | 1989 | 2557359 |
| the glycoprotein of vsv accumulates in a distal golgi compartment in the presence of cccp. | the post-translational modifications of the g protein of vesicular stomatitis virus, described in the preceding paper, indicate that its transport is arrested by carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (cccp) in or near the trans-golgi. immunofluorescence microscopy of bhk-21 cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus and treated with cccp shows an accumulation of g protein in the golgi area. in the same cells, the morphology of wheat germ agglutinin (wga)-staining structures in the perinucl ... | 1989 | 2557360 |
| using temperature-sensitive mutants of vsv to study membrane protein biogenesis. | 1989 | 2558277 | |
| enhancement of primary and secondary immune responses by interferon-gamma. | we have investigated the effects of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) administered with "g" glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), on the neutralizing antibody response. treatment of mice or cattle with recombinant dna-derived ifn-gamma at the time of primary immunization with "g" glycoprotein enhanced the secondary virus-neutralizing antibody response that followed a booster administration of the same antigen without ifn-gamma treatment. enhancement was statistically significant, and occu ... | 1989 | 2558524 |
| [sensitivity of different cell lines to interferons: the relative antiviral activity as a function of the interferon subtype]. | the phenomenon that rhuifn-alpha1(d) displays an apparently higher antiviral activity when assayed on bovine cells as compared to human cell lines was applied to the elucidation of the nature of recombinant huifn prepared in our institute. these investigations were carried out by using a microtitre test, which defines biological activity as the ifn concentration leading to 50% inhibition of the cytopathic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). in addition, the ability of ifn to diminish the ... | 1989 | 2559962 |
| distribution of m protein and nucleocapsid protein of vesicular stomatitis virus in infected cell plasma membranes. | the association of m protein and the nucleocapsid (n) protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) with the cytoplasmic surface of plasma membranes prepared from infected cells was examined by double label immunofluorescence. m protein in association with the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane was distributed in two distinct labeling patterns. punctate labeling of m protein in the plasma membrane was observed in association with corresponding labeling for the nucleocapsid protein. diffuse ... | 1989 | 2560291 |
| the effect of cimetidine on survival of mice infected with herpes simplex virus type 2, murine encephalomyelitis virus and vesicular stomatitis virus infections. | the effect of cimetidine on survival was investigated in mice infected with herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), murine encephalomyelitis virus (gd-vii), and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). balb/c mice, 5 weeks of age, were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 5.5 x 10(5) plaque-forming units (pfu) of virus/0.5 ml, and cimetidine (1 mg/0.5 ml) was administered simultaneously. the survival rates of 80% and 85% in the cimetidine groups were significantly greater than the 10% and 23% for the co ... | 1989 | 2561403 |
| in vitro activity of mannan sulfate, a novel sulfated polysaccharide, against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and other enveloped viruses. | mannan sulfate, a novel sulfated polysaccharide, was prepared and investigated for its activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) in vitro. mannan sulfate completely inhibited hiv-1-induced cell destruction and viral antigen expression in hiv-1-infected molt-4 (clone 8) cells at a concentration of 4 micrograms/ml. the 50% antiviral effective doses obtained with mannan sulfate in molt-4 (clone 8) cells and in mt-4 cells were 1.5 and 9.3 micrograms/ml, respectively. no toxicity f ... | 1989 | 2566484 |
| effect of analogues of s-adenosylmethionine on in vitro polyadenylation by vesicular stomatitis virus. | other workers have reported that vesicular stomatitis virus makes aberrantly long polyadenylic acid [poly(a)] tracts in the presence of s-adenosylhomocysteine (s-ado-hcy). in the work reported in this paper, the effects of various analogues of s-adenosylmethionine (s-ado-met) and atp on polyadenylation in an in vitro transcription system were examined to determine whether s-ado-hcy exerted its effect on polyadenylation due to its relationship to s-ado-met or to atp. it appeared that compounds wh ... | 1989 | 2567341 |
| mechanism of membrane anchoring affects polarized expression of two proteins in mdck cells. | the signals that direct membrane proteins to the apical or basolateral plasma membrane domains of polarized epithelial cells are not known. several of the class of proteins anchored in the membrane by glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (gpi) are expressed on the apical surface of such cells. however, it is not known whether the mechanism of membrane anchorage or the polypeptide sequence provides the sorting information. the conversion of the normally basolateral vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotei ... | 1989 | 2571189 |
| involvement of carbohydrates in vesicular stomatitis virus-cell early interaction. | the role of n-acetylneuraminic acid and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine containing molecules in vesicular stomatitis virus-cell interaction was studied using specific lectins (limulin and wheat germ agglutinin) and esoglycosidases (neuraminidase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-mannosidase, alpha-fucosidase, beta-n-acetyl-d-glucosaminidase). lectin treatment of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) indicated that carbohydrates of the vsv g envelope glycoprotein were not required for virus infectivity, whereas siali ... | 1989 | 2576593 |
| the requirement of protein synthesis for vsv inhibition of host cell rna synthesis. | published ultraviolet (uv) inactivation data and in vitro transcription studies have suggested that vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) leader rna was solely responsible for the inhibition of host cell rna synthesis by this virus. since no protein product is encoded in leader rna, this conclusion implied that no protein synthesis should be required for this effect. therefore, the inhibitory activity of vsv was examined in the presence of the protein synthesis inhibitors, cycloheximide, pactamycin, ... | 1985 | 2578240 |
| human glioblastoma cells persistently infected with simian virus 40 carry nondefective episomal viral dna and acquire the transformed phenotype and numerous chromosomal abnormalities. | a stable, persistent infection of a172 human glioblastoma cells with simian virus 40 (sv40) was readily established after infection at an input of 450 pfu per cell. only 11% of the cells were initially susceptible to sv40, as shown by indirect immunofluorescent staining for the sv40 t antigen at 48 h. however, all cells produced t antigen by week 11. in contrast, viral capsid proteins were made in only about 1% of the cells in the established carrier system. weekly viral yields ranged between 10 ... | 1985 | 2578579 |
| delayed hypersensitivity and immune protection against herpes simplex virus: suppressor t cells that regulate the induction of delayed hypersensitivity effector t cells also regulate the induction of protective t cells. | we have been studying delayed hypersensitivity (dh) to herpes simplex virus (hsv) in order to examine the role of this response in host defense against acute and recurrent hsv infections. in previous reports the basic parameters of dh to hsv have been characterized by using a murine ear swelling model, and also the regulation of dh to hsv induced by i.v. injection of the virus. in this paper, we describe a murine protection system and our use of the ability to specifically regulate dh to hsv to ... | 1985 | 2580006 |
| use of chicken cell line lscc-h32 for titration of animal viruses and exogenous chicken interferon. | the chicken embryo cell line lscc-h32 was tested for the propagation and titration of several animal viruses of the families toga-, reo-, rhabdo-, herpeto-, orthomyxo-, paramyxo-, and poxviridae and compared with secondary chicken embryo cells. the lscc-h32 cells were demonstrated to be as susceptible for most of the tested viruses as were secondary chicken embryo cells. both produced comparably sized virus plaques. the titers of sindbis and semliki forest viruses in lscc-h32 cells were 5- to 40 ... | 1985 | 2581511 |
| [effects of rabies infection on the metabolism of the host-cell: does inhibition of cellular rna synthesis take place?]. | acute infection of cloned bhk21 cells with rabies virus (cvs strain) resulted in a reduction in the amount of cellular rna, not so rapid and pronounced as with another rhabdovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). this decrease in the amount of cellular rna was shown to be caused by a differential membrane permeability of infected and uninfected bhk21 cells to [3h]-uridine and by a real inhibition of cellular rna synthesis. | 1985 | 2581678 |
| properties of a highly purified human plasma factor ix:c therapeutic concentrate prepared by conventional chromatography. | we have characterized a highly purified (hp) factor ix concentrate intended for therapy of hemophilia b. the product has been prepared from pooled human plasma using a large-scale procedure combining three conventional chromatographic steps based on deae ion exchange and affinity on immobilized heparin. the specific activity of the product was 119 +/- 10 iu factor ix:c/mg protein (n = 15), corresponding to a purification factor of about 9,000. the concentrate was free of the vitamin k-dependent ... | 1989 | 2617959 |
| glycosylation is not required for the fusion activity of the g protein of vesicular stomatitis virus in insect cells. | the gene encoding the complete glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv, indiana serotype g protein) with potential asparagine-linked glycans at amino acid residues 179 and 338 was inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector pacym1, derived from the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of autographa californica (acnpv). the gene was placed under the control of the acnpv polyhedrin promotor and expressed by the derived recombinant viruses to high levels in spodoptera frugiperda cell lines. the princ ... | 1989 | 2650461 |
| an antibody against secretogranin i (chromogranin b) is packaged into secretory granules. | we have investigated the sorting and packaging of secretory proteins into secretory granules by an immunological approach. an mab against secretogranin i (chromogranin b), a secretory protein costored with various peptide hormones and neuropeptides in secretory granules of many endocrine cells and neurons, was expressed by microinjection of its mrna into the secretogranin i-producing cell line pc12. an mab against the g protein of vesicular stomatitis virus--i.e., against an antigen not present ... | 1989 | 2663878 |
| reconstitution of transport from the er to the golgi complex in yeast using microsomes and permeabilized yeast cells. | we have developed a highly efficient in vitro-transport assay that couples translocation across the er membrane and transport to the golgi complex using the secreted pheromone alpha-factor as a marker protein. radiolabeled prepro-alpha-factor of high specific radioactivity is obtained by in vitro-translating this protein in a yeast lysate. prepro-alpha-factor synthesized in vitro is then translocated directly into microsomes or the er of permeabilized yeast cells. conversion of the 26-kda er for ... | 1989 | 2674624 |
| infection of brain cells by diverse human immunodeficiency virus isolates: role of cd4 as receptor. | cell lines originally derived from malignant tumours of the brain were infected by diverse human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (hiv-1 and hiv-2) isolates. by surface immunofluorescence it was shown that susceptible cells did not bear the cd4 antigen. they were also non-permissive for the formation of plaques by vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotypes and did not form syncytia with hiv-producing cells. virus production was of low titre, and reverse transcriptase and the p24 antigen were con ... | 1989 | 2677235 |
| htlv-1 infection in papua new guinea: evidence for serologic false positivity. | serum samples from 557 individuals participating in studies from four separate lowland and highland populations in papua new guinea exhibited consistently false-positive results for human t lymphotropic virus (htlv) type 1 (10%) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 (5%) antibody in direct antiglobulin and agglutination assays. all serum samples were negative in competitive elisas and radioimmunoassays for htlv-1 and hiv-1; selected samples of reactive sera were negative in an htlv-2 com ... | 1989 | 2723452 |
| control of carbohydrate processing: increased beta-1,6 branching in n-linked carbohydrates of lec9 cho mutants appears to arise from a defect in oligosaccharide-dolichol biosynthesis. | a correlation between increased beta-1,6 branching of n-linked carbohydrates and the ability of a cell to metastasize or to form a tumor has been observed in several experimental models. lec9 chinese hamster ovary (cho) mutants exhibit a drastic reduction in tumorigenicity in nude mice, and this phenotype directly correlates with their ability to attach an increased proportion of beta-1,6-branched carbohydrates to the g glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (j. ripka, s. shin, and p. stanle ... | 1989 | 2725506 |
| homocysteine potentiates the antiviral and cytostatic activity of those nucleoside analogues that are targeted at s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. | various adenosine analogues, i.e. (s)-9-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)adenine, (rs)-3-adenin-9-yl-2-hydroxypropanoic acid, carbocyclic 3-deazaadenosine and neplanocin a, which have been previously recognized as specific inhibitors of s-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (sah) hydrolase, gained a marked increase in their cytostatic activity (against tumor cells) and antiviral activity (against vaccinia and vesicular stomatitis virus) in the presence of l-homocysteine (10(-3) m). homocysteine did not increase the cyt ... | 1989 | 2735935 |
| structure and expression of the glycoprotein gene of chandipura virus. | a cdna copy of the mrna for the glycoprotein g of chandipura virus, a rhabdovirus, has been cloned, sequenced, and expressed in mammalian cells. the deduced amino acid sequence of g shows that the encoded protein is a typical transmembrane glycoprotein of 524 amino acids containing a cleavable amino-terminal signal peptide, two potential n-linked glycosylation sites, a hydrophobic membrane anchor domain near the carboxy terminus, and a cytoplasmic domain at the carboxy terminus. somewhat unusual ... | 1989 | 2741347 |
| brefeldin a redistributes resident and itinerant golgi proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. | brefeldin a (bfa) has been reported to block protein transport from the er and cause disassembly of the golgi complex. we have examined the effects of bfa on the transport and processing of the vesicular stomatitis virus g protein, a model integral membrane protein. delivery of g protein to the cell surface was reversibly blocked by 6 micrograms/ml bfa. pulse-label experiments revealed that in the presence of bfa, g protein became completely resistant to endoglycosidase h digestion. addition of ... | 1989 | 2745557 |
| a single-amino-acid substitution eliminates the stringent carbohydrate requirement for intracellular transport of a viral glycoprotein. | in this report, we have investigated the contribution of primary sequence to the carbohydrate requirement for intracellular transport of two closely related glycoproteins, the g proteins of the san juan and orsay strains of vesicular stomatitis virus. we used site-directed mutagenesis of the coding sequence to eliminate the two consensus sites for glycosylation in the orsay g protein. whereas the nonglycosylated san juan g protein required at least one of its two asparagine-linked oligosaccharid ... | 1989 | 2760984 |
| the absence of direct antimicrobial activity in extracts of cytotoxic lymphocytes. | an important mechanism used by the immune system in resisting infections by intracellular pathogens is the destruction of host cells by cytolytic lymphocytes. whether these lymphocytes display a more direct antimicrobial action remains unclear. we have attempted to answer this question by testing extracts of cytolytic lymphocytes, prepared by cell fractionation, against three bacterial species - escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes. we also tested these extracts a ... | 1989 | 2807399 |
| broad-spectrum in vivo antiviral activity of 7-thia-8-oxoguanosine, a novel immunopotentiating agent. | a novel immunopotentiating agent, 5-amino-3-beta-d-ribofuranosylthiazolo [4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,7(3h,6h)-dione (7-thia-8-oxoguanosine), lacks virus-inhibitory properties in vitro but induces interferon and potentiates immune functions, such as natural killer cell activity. it was evaluated in rodent models to determine the spectrum of antiviral activity and effective treatment regimens. at 50 to 200 mg/kg given as single or divided intraperitoneal (i.p.) doses 1 day before virus inoculation, signif ... | 1989 | 2817849 |
| the isolation of interferon-inducing mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus with altered viral p function for the inhibition of total protein synthesis. | we have previously reported that t1026, a temperature-sensitive (ts) noncytocidal mutant of vsv, and its ts revertant, t1026-r1, are nonconditional mutants in the vsv function "p" for the inhibition of total protein synthesis (viral plus cellular) in infected cells (c. p. stanners, a. m. francoeur, and t. lam, 1977, cell 11, 273-281; c. p. stanners, s. kennedy, and l. poliquin, 1987, virology 160, 255-258). we have also shown that p- mutants such as these are superior interferon inducers relativ ... | 1987 | 2820131 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus p function depends on cellular growth cycle. | the p function of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) is defined as the viral function which results in a reduced rate of total protein synthesis (viral plus cellular) arising from a nonspecific reduction in the efficiency of the translational machinery in infected cells. the existence of p function has been challenged by lodish and porter who were unable to detect it in l-strain mouse cells infected with wild-type vsv (hr) or, as expected, with the p- mutant, t1026-r1. although other groups have s ... | 1987 | 2820132 |
| intergenic sequences of the vesicular stomatitis virus genome (new jersey serotype): evidence for two transcription initiation sites within the l gene. | the intergenic sequences of vesicular stomatitis virus of the new jersey serotype [vsv (nj): ogden strain] have been determined by dideoxy sequencing across the gene junctions of the viral rna genome using deoxyoligonucleotide primers. the n-ns, ns-m, and m-g intergenic sequences of vsv (nj) are identical to the consensus intergenic sequence for vsv of the indiana serotype [vsv (ind)]: 3'-auacu7gauugucnnnag-5' (genome sense; n denotes any nucleotide), where 3'-auacu7-5' encodes the 3' terminus a ... | 1987 | 2820143 |
| differential sensitivity of cultured retinal neurons and photoreceptors to herpes simplex infection. | infection of the retina with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) causes devastating lesions usually leading to blindness. however, the interactions between individual retinal cell types and this virus have not been well characterized, probably because of limitations posed by the complexity of the intact retina. we have now approached this problem through the use of separate, purified populations of isolated chick embryo retinal neurons and photoreceptor cells, of glial cells, and of pigmented ep ... | 1987 | 2820771 |
| ph-dependent fusion of vesicular stomatitis virus with vero cells. measurement by dequenching of octadecyl rhodamine fluorescence. | we have studied fusion between membranes of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and vero cells using an assay for lipid mixing based on the relief of self-quenching of octadecylrhodamine (r18) fluorescence. we could identify the two pathways of fusion by the kinetics of r18 dequenching, effects of inhibitors, temperature dependence, and dependence on osmotic pressure. fusion at the plasma membrane began immediately after lowering the ph below 6 and showed an approximately exponential time course, w ... | 1987 | 2820977 |
| kinetics of intracellular transport and sorting of lysosomal membrane and plasma membrane proteins. | we have used monospecific antisera to two lysosomal membrane glycoproteins, lgp120 and a similar protein, lgp110, to compare the biosynthesis and intracellular transport of lysosomal membrane components, plasma membrane proteins, and lysosomal enzymes. in j774 cells and nrk cells, newly synthesized lysosomal membrane and plasma membrane proteins (the igg1/igg2b fc receptor or influenza virus hemagglutinin) were transported through the golgi apparatus (defined by acquisition of resistance to endo ... | 1987 | 2821012 |
| characterization of membrane components of the erythrocyte involved in vesicular stomatitis virus attachment and fusion at acidic ph. | goose erythrocyte membranes were isolated and tested for their ability to compete with red cell receptors for vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) attachment and fusion at acidic ph. crude membranes, solubilized with triton x-100, tween 80 and octyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside, showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on virus binding and haemolysis. the chemical nature of the active molecules was investigated by enzyme digestion and by separation of purified components. only the lipid moiety, specifica ... | 1987 | 2821175 |
| functional analysis of hypomethylation variants of the new jersey serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus. | the ts mutant f1 of vesicular stomatitis virus, new jersey serotype, directs the synthesis of undermethylated 5'-terminal cap structures in vitro. in order to determine the relationship between the ts and hypomethylation phenotypes, a spontaneous revertant rev(ts)f1 of the ts phenotype was analyzed. the revertant retained the hypomethylation phenotype. the four cap structures (gpppa, 7mgpppa, gpppam, and 7mgpppam) synthesized in mutant and revertant-directed reactions in the presence of low as w ... | 1987 | 2821679 |
| effects of transport inhibitors on the generation and transport of a soluble viral glycoprotein. | the generation and transport of the soluble glycoprotein (gs) of wild-type vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) were studied using cell fractionation and transport inhibitors. gs was found in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer) and the golgi-enriched membrane fractions of infected chinese hamster ovary cells. the identity of intracellular gs was confirmed by its precipitation with a monoclonal antibody to the ectodomain but not with a anti-peptide antibody directed against the first 15 amino acids ... | 1987 | 2821686 |
| effect of melittin on transcription by vesiculovirus mutant and wild-type viruses. | the bee venom peptide melittin activated the virion transcriptase activity of three vesiculoviruses with preservation of virion structure. the kinetics of rna synthesis were similar to those observed with purified transcribing nucleoprotein (tnp) preparations. six temperature-sensitive host range (tdce) mutants of chandipura virus displayed 1.7- to 5.5-fold greater efficiencies of transcription at 39 degrees with melittin-permeabilized virions in comparison with tnp preparations. comparative stu ... | 1987 | 2822606 |
| an evaluation of the contribution of membrane lipids to protection against ultraviolet radiation. | using dioleoylphosphatidylcholine liposomes incorporating various fatty acids and neutral lipids, we have examined the ability of such lipids to provide protection of escherichia coli and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) against the lethal effect of ultraviolet (254 nm) radiation. while the presence of varying amounts of saturated (palmitic) or polyunsaturated (arachidonic) fatty acids or the lipid antioxidant, alpha-tocopherol, had little effect on killing by ultraviolet radiation, considerable ... | 1987 | 2823895 |
| serum neutralizing antibody titers in dairy cattle administered an inactivated vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine. | two doses of a formalin-killed, cell culture-derived vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv)-new jersey serotype vaccine were administered intramuscularly, 30 days apart, to all lactating and nonlactating cows in a 350-cow dairy herd. serum specimens were obtained serially from 96 cows before vaccination and at 30, 52 and 80 days after vaccination and from 24 of these cows 175 days after vaccination. serum neutralizing antibody titers to vsv-new jersey serotype were determined from serum-dilution, plaq ... | 1987 | 2824413 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus (new jersey strain) infection in two california dairy herds: an epidemiologic study. | the course of vesicular stomatitis in cattle was investigated in 2 dairy herds (a and b) located in the southern san joaquin valley of california. cattle were examined and specimens were obtained for virus isolation and for serologic survey for one year after an epizootic in december 1982. all 33 lactating cows selected for study had oral lesions, but only 19 (58%) were drooling or frothing around the mouth. lesions on feet and teats were not observed. the healing time (longer than has been repo ... | 1987 | 2824414 |
| basolateral expression of a chimeric protein in which the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of vesicular stomatitis virus g protein have been replaced by those of the influenza virus hemagglutinin. | two integral membrane proteins, influenza virus hemagglutinin (ha) and vesicular stomatitis virus g protein, are transported to and accumulated on the apical and basolateral surfaces, respectively, of the plasma membrane of polarized epithelial cells. we have used chimeric constructions to identify the domains of ha and g proteins which contain the signals for polarized transport. previously, we have shown that a chimeric protein containing the cleavable leader and the ectodomain of ha fused to ... | 1987 | 2824483 |
| differential effects of oncogenic transformation on n-linked oligosaccharide processing at individual glycosylation sites of viral glycoproteins. | hamster sarcoma virus (hsv) transformation of nil-8 fibroblasts is associated with an increase in the average size of n-acetyllactosamine (complex) type n-linked glycans due to an increase in both the average number of branches/chain and in the fraction of n-linked glycans containing poly(glcnac(beta 1,3) gal-(beta 1,4)) (polylactosaminylglycan) chains. analysis of glycopeptides from the envelope glycoproteins of sindbis virus and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) grown in nil-8 and nil/hsv cells ... | 1987 | 2824491 |
| mechanism of interferon action. ii. induction and decay kinetics of the antiviral state and protein p54 in human amnion u cells treated with gamma interferon. | the kinetics of induction and decay of the antiviral state and polypeptide p54 expression induced by recombinant human interferon gamma (rifn-gamma) were examined in human amnion u cells. the kinetics of induction of the antiviral state, as measured by the single-cycle yield reduction of vesicular stomatitis virus, were first order over the period of about 6-12 h following a lag of about 2-4 h. the induction of p54 synthesis by rifn-gamma slightly preceded the induction of the antiviral state. t ... | 1987 | 2824506 |
| role for adenosine triphosphate in regulating the assembly and transport of vesicular stomatitis virus g protein trimers. | we have characterized the process by which the vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) g protein acquires its final oligomeric structure using density-gradient centrifugation in mildly acidic sucrose gradients. the mature wild-type vsv g protein is a noncovalently associated trimer. trimers are assembled from newly synthesized g monomers with a t1/2 of 6-8 min. to localize the site of trimerization and to correlate trimer formation with steps in transport between the endoplasmic reticulum (er) and golg ... | 1987 | 2824524 |
| bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) enhances expression and secretion of beta 2 interferon by human fibroblasts. | the human beta 2 interferon (ifn-beta 2) gene, a gene that also codes for b cell differentiation factor 2 (bsf-2), plasmacytoma/hybridoma growth factor (hgf), and hepatocyte-stimulating factor (hsf), is expressed in a variety of lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues. endotoxin, or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) preparations derived from the outer membrane of escherichia coli or salmonella typhimurium rapidly elevate ifn-beta 2 mrna level in human skin fibroblasts (fs-4 strain). e. coli-derived lp ... | 1987 | 2824651 |
| a human cytomegalovirus function inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus. | human embryonic lung (hel) cells infected with human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) restricted the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). a delay in hsv replication of 15 h as well as a consistent, almost 3 log inhibition of hsv replication in hcmv-infected cell cultures harvested 24 to 72 h after superinfection were observed compared with controls infected with hsv alone. treatment of hcmv-infected hel cells with cycloheximide (100 micrograms/ml) for 3 or 24 h, conditions known to result i ... | 1988 | 2824846 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus in drosophila melanogaster cells: regulation of viral transcription and replication. | vesicular stomatitis virus rna synthesis was investigated during the establishment of persistent infection in drosophila melanogaster cells. the transcription rate declined as early as 5 h after infection and was strongly inhibited after 7 h, leading to a decrease in viral mrna levels and in viral protein synthesis rates. full-length plus-strand antigenomes and minus-strand genomes were detected after a 3-h lag time and accumulated until 15 h after infection. short encapsidated plus-strand molec ... | 1988 | 2824851 |
| serologic survey for evidence of exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus, pseudorabies virus, brucellosis and leptospirosis in collared peccaries from arizona. | two hundred eighteen usable serum samples were collected from hunter-killed collared peccaries (tayassu tajacu) during march 1986, in three areas of arizona. evaluations for antibodies against vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) new jersey (nj) type, vsv indiana type, pseudorabies virus, brucellosis, and leptospirosis revealed positive test results in 8%, 0%, less than 1%, 0%, and 23% of the sera, respectively. exposure of peccaries to vsv (nj) was widespread, but variation in the prevalence of ser ... | 1987 | 2824864 |
| constitutive expression of (2'-5') oligo a synthetase confers resistance to picornavirus infection. | study of the mechanisms by which interferon (ifn) treatment of cells induces resistance to virus infections has been complicated by the multiple biochemical changes induced. over 20 proteins are increased by ifn, including the double-stranded (ds) rna-activated protein kinase, (2'-5') oligo a synthetase, surface proteins such as the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) proteins, and various proteins with unknown functions. the availability of cloned complementary dnas for several ifn-induced p ... | 1987 | 2825034 |
| evidence for endocytosis-independent infection by human rotavirus. | the effects of five lysosomotropic drugs (nh4cl, chloroquine, methylamine, amantadine and dansylcadaverine) and cytochalasin b on human rotavirus (hrv kun strain) and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv indiana strain) infection in monkey ma 104 cells were examined. these drugs had little effect on hrv yield but greatly reduced vsv yield. the results strongly suggest that hrv does not require endocytotic activity and intracellular acidic vesicles for the initial stage of infection and support our po ... | 1987 | 2825623 |
| involvement of gtp-binding "g" proteins in transport through the golgi stack. | gtp gamma s irreversibly inhibits protein transport between successive compartments of the golgi stack in a cell-free system. fluoride, potentiated by the addition of aluminum ion, also causes a strong inhibition. these are hallmarks of the involvement of a guanine nucleotide-binding or regulatory "g" protein. inhibition by gtp gamma s requires a cytosolic inhibitory factor that binds to golgi membranes during inhibition. preincubation experiments reveal that gtp gamma s blocks the function of a ... | 1987 | 2826014 |
| a critical role for the polarization of membrane recycling in cell motility. | this paper is concerned with the proposition that the insertion of membrane mass into the leading edge of a motile cell plays a critical role in directed cell migration. we show by immunofluorescence, with cells transfected with a cloned cdna encoding the g-protein of a temperature-sensitive mutant of vesicular stomatitis virus, that the first cell surface appearance of the g-protein is indeed at the leading edge of the motile cell. two drugs capable of inhibiting directed cell migration, cytoch ... | 1987 | 2826018 |
| inositol phospholipid turnover and protein kinase c translocation are stimulated by poly(i).poly(c) in human amnion cells (uac). | polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, a potent inducer of inducer of interferon (ifn) production and activator of some ifn-induced enzymes, inhibits [3h]uridine incorporation into the rna of vesicular stomatitis virus even in the absence of ifn synthesis, transiently triggers the breakdown of inositol phospholipids and activates the translocation of protein kinase c. since ifns also have similar activities these results suggest that ifn induction and ifn function are realised through common biochemic ... | 1987 | 2826250 |
| isolation and characterization of conditional lethal amber nonsense mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus. | we describe the isolation and characterization of conditional lethal amber nonsense mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), indiana serotype. the mutants were isolated from a chemically mutagenized stock of wild-type virus by their ability to grow on genetically engineered cells which express a xenopus laevis amber suppressor tyrosine trna gene (su+ cells) but not on the non-suppressor parental cells (su- cells). five mutations were assigned to complementation group i (the l gene) and one t ... | 1987 | 2826648 |
| two separate domains within vesicular stomatitis virus phosphoprotein support transcription when added in trans. | the structural phosphoprotein ns of vesicular stomatitis virus, in association with the virion-associated rna polymerase l protein, transcribes the genome ribonucleoprotein template in vitro. it contains an acidic n-terminal domain and two distinct domains at the c-terminal end that are involved in binding to the polymerase protein and the template rna enwrapped with the nucleocapsid protein. in the present study, the portions of the ns gene that encode the n- and c-terminal domains of the prote ... | 1987 | 2827161 |
| the action of recombinant bovine interferons on influenza virus replication correlates with the induction of two mx-related proteins in bovine cells. | recombinant bovine interferon-alpha and -gamma differ in their action against influenza virus on bovine cells. bovine ifn-alpha severely impairs early protein synthesis and replication of influenza virus in bovine cells in contrast to bovine ifn-gamma which fails to induce an antiviral state against influenza virus. otherwise the ifn system seems to function normally in bovine cells since both bovine ifn-alpha and -gamma induce an antiviral state against vesicular stomatitis virus. the establish ... | 1988 | 2827376 |
| l929 cells infected with temperature sensitive mutants of vesicular stomatitis virus: virus replication is necessary for induction of changes in membrane permeability. | infection of l929 murine cells with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) results in inhibition of host protein synthesis and appearance of membrane alterations at a time when cells are still actively engaged in viral protein synthesis. vsv temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants have been used to explore the role(s) played by the virus-coded proteins in the genesis of these effects. cells were infected with each of five ts mutants representing the known complementation groups of vsv indiana serotype, and ... | 1987 | 2827608 |
| inactivation of 12 viruses by heating steps applied during manufacture of a hepatitis b vaccine. | the efficacy of two heating cycles (90 sec at 103 degrees c and 10 hr at 65 degrees c) used during manufacture of a plasma-derived hepatitis-b vaccine was validated for the inactivation of 12 virus families. a period of 15 min warming up to 65 degrees c had already completely inactivated representatives of nine virus families, ie, poxvirus (vaccinia), picornavirus (encephalomyocarditis virus), togavirus (sindbis virus), coronavirus (mouse hepatitis virus), orthomyxovirus (influenza virus), rhabd ... | 1987 | 2828525 |
| expression of the m gene of vesicular stomatitis virus cloned in various vaccinia virus vectors. | initial attempts to clone the matrix (m) gene of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) in a vaccinia virus expression vector failed, apparently because the expressed m protein, and particularly a carboxy-terminus-distal two-thirds fragment, was lethal for the virus recombinant. therefore, a transient eucaryotic expression system was used in which a cdna clone of the vsv m protein mrna was inserted into a region of plasmid ptf7 flanked by the promoter and terminator sequences for the t7 bacteriophage ... | 1988 | 2828673 |
| virus receptors on lymphoid cells. | the studies described above indicate the advances made in the isolation and characterization of virus receptors of lymphoreticular cells (table i). although the examples of lymphotropic virus receptors cited in this chapter indicate that single membrane glycoproteins can serve as receptors, other nonlymphoid viruses such as vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) (table i) appear to utilize glycolipid or phospholipid components for cell attachment. these molecules may be responsible for the broad speci ... | 1987 | 2828828 |
| viral proteins required for the in vitro replication of vesicular stomatitis virus defective interfering particle genome rna. | the viral proteins required for vsv rna replication have been partially purified. with the use of monoclonal antibodies specific for the vsv n protein we have identified a putative n/ns complex present in the soluble protein fraction of infected cells. the complex is stable upon partial purification, contains the n and ns proteins in a 1:1 molar ratio, and has an elongated shape based on its hydrodynamic properties. depletion of the n/ns complex from the infected cell soluble protein fraction re ... | 1988 | 2829424 |
| inhibition of adenovirus dna replication by vesicular stomatitis virus leader rna. | vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) leader rna and a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide of the same sequence were found to inhibit the replication of adenovirus dna in vitro. in contrast, the small rna transcribed by the vsv defective interfering particle di-011 did not prevent adenovirus dna replication. the inhibition produced by leader rna was at the level of preterminal protein (ptp)-dcmp complex formation, the initiation step of adenovirus dna replication. initiation requires the adenovirus ptp-ad ... | 1988 | 2831388 |
| delayed formation of defective interfering particles in vesicular stomatitis virus-infected cells: kinetic studies of viral protein and rna synthesis during autointerference. | the time course of defective interfering (di) particle and b particle release from vesicular stomatitis virus-infected bhk-21 cells was studied at different multiplicities of defective and infective particles. particle release was progressively delayed in cells infected with an increasing di-to-b particle ratio. the delayed particle release during interference was found to be connected with a reduced but prolonged synthesis of viral proteins, a slower accumulation of viral proteins, and a delaye ... | 1988 | 2831393 |
| the vesicular stomatitis virus l protein possesses the mrna methyltransferase activities. | we have previously shown that the vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) host range mutant, hr 1, is completely defective for the mrna methyltransferase activities, but can synthesize full-length, unmethylated mrnas in vitro [s. m. horikami and s. a. moyer (1982). proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 79, 7694-7698] and in vivo [s. m. horikami, f. de ferra, and s. a. moyer (1984). virology 138, 1-15]. here we have used the hr 1 mutant to identify the viral protein which possesses the methyltransferase activities ... | 1988 | 2831658 |
| antibodies against sendai virus l protein: distribution of the protein in nucleocapsids revealed by immunoelectron microscopy. | antibodies against the l protein of sendai virus were made by immunizing rabbits with a synthetic peptide representing a carboxyl-terminal region of the protein predicted from the base sequence of its gene. these antibodies were used to localize the l protein in viral nucleocapsids by electron microscopy. immunogold labeling revealed that l protein molecules were distributed in clusters along nucleocapsids, suggesting that l molecules act cooperatively in viral rna synthesis. immunogold double-l ... | 1988 | 2831660 |
| inactivation of lipid-enveloped viruses in labile blood derivatives by unsaturated fatty acids. | virus sterilization of blood plasma derivatives by addition of several naturally occurring fatty acids was evaluated using vesicular stomatitis virus and sindbis virus as markers for lipid-enveloped virus inactivation and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). inactivation of greater than or equal to 10(4) tissue culture infectious doses (tcid50) of marker viruses added to antihemophilic factor (ahf) concentrates, with 60-100% retention of ahf activity, was achieved with oleic, 11-eicosenoic, linol ... | 1988 | 2831669 |
| interferon-induced antiviral state is inhibited by neomycin and mimicked by diacylglycerols. | the antiviral effect of human interferons alpha and beta was inhibited in dose-dependent manner by submillimolar concentrations of neomycin, known to block phosphoinositide hydrolysis and therefore the diacylglycerol formation. on the contrary, the synthetic permeant diacylglycerols (1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn or rac-glycerol) were able to induce an interferon-like antiviral state when tested against the vesicular stomatitis virus and herpes simplex type i virus. hidaka's compound h-8 (1.2 microm), ex ... | 1988 | 2831886 |
| characterization of the internal initiation of translation on the vesicular stomatitis virus phosphoprotein mrna. | internal initiation of translation on the vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) phosphoprotein (p) mrna leads to the synthesis of a second protein [herman, r. c. (1986) j. virol. 58, 797-804]. characterization of this phenomenon shows that initiation at the 5'-proximal and internal aug codons has different optima for mono- and divalent cations in the reticulocyte lysate. whereas 5' initiation is stimulated by increasing concentration of k+ over the endogenous level, internal initiation is inhibited. ... | 1987 | 2831942 |
| pyrene phospholipid as a biological fluorescent probe for studying fusion of virus membrane with liposomes. | we are using fluorescent endogenous phospholipids in virus membranes to study the factors that promote fusion on interaction with receptor membranes. to this end, vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) grown in baby hamster kidney (bhk-21) cells was biologically labeled with fluorescent lipids, primarily phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine, derived from pyrene fatty acids. the pyrene lipids present in the virions showed a fluorescence spectrum typical of pyrene with an intense monomer and ... | 1988 | 2831956 |
| absence of antiviral activity in recombinant b cell stimulatory factor 2 (bsf-2). | recombinant b cell stimulatory factor 2 (rbsf-2) did not display any detectable level of antiviral activity when using human diploid fibroblasts, dip-2, fs-4, fs-7, amnion-derived wish and fl cells with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) and sindbis virus as challenging agents (less than 2.5 x 10(2) iu/mg). furthermore anti-ifn-beta could not neutralize the immunoglobulin-inducing activity of bsf-2. moreover anti-bsf-2 could not neutralize the antiviral activity of ifn-beta. the data indicate that ... | 1988 | 2832321 |
| activation of vesicular stomatitis virus fusion with cells by pretreatment at low ph. | fusion of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) with vero cells was measured after exposure of the virus to low ph under a variety of experimental conditions. the method of relief of fluorescence self-quenching of the probe octadecylrhodamine was used to monitor fusion. incubation of the virus at ph 5.5 prior to binding to cells led to significant enhancement of fusion at the plasma membrane, whereas fusion via the endocytic pathway was inhibited. fusion of ph 5.5-pretreated vsv showed a similar ph t ... | 1988 | 2832405 |
| nucleotide sequence of the l gene of vesicular stomatitis virus (new jersey): identification of conserved domains in the new jersey and indiana l proteins. | the nucleotide sequence of the l gene of vesicular stomatitis virus, new jersey serotype (hazelhurst subtype), was determined. primer extension dideoxy sequencing of genomic rna using reverse transcriptase initiated within the adjacent g gene provided a consensus sequence of 6522 nucleotides. the g/l intergenic junction spanned 21 nucleotides and contained a pseudo transcription start signal as well as two sequences (10 and 6 nucleotides in length) which are reiterated within the l coding region ... | 1988 | 2833012 |
| radiation inactivation analysis of fusion and hemolysis by vesicular stomatitis virus. | radiation inactivation analysis was used to determine the size of the functional unit responsible for fusion of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) with cardiolipin or phosphatidylcholine-phosphatidylethanolamine (1:1) liposomes, and for vsv-induced hemolysis. when radiation-insensitive background values were subtracted, the calculated functional units for all three activities were similar, ranging from 866 to 957 kda, equivalent to about 15 g protein molecules. this is in striking contrast to resu ... | 1988 | 2833025 |
| influence of new glycosylation sites on expression of the vesicular stomatitis virus g protein at the plasma membrane. | in this report, we have asked whether asparagine-linked oligosaccharides added to new sites in the polypeptide backbone of a model plasma membrane glycoprotein, the vesicular stomatitis virus g protein, can promote its intracellular transport. we modified the coding sequence of g protein lacking the two normal consensus sites for glycosylation by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis to create new consensus sites. the expression of the mutant proteins was then analyzed in transfected cells. six o ... | 1988 | 2833523 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus g proteins with altered glycosylation sites display temperature-sensitive intracellular transport and are subject to aberrant intermolecular disulfide bonding. | in this report we have extended our studies on a panel of vesicular stomatitis virus g proteins with altered glycosylation sites. these mutant proteins were generated by oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis of the coding sequence to create new consensus sites for asparagine-linked oligosaccharide addition. we report that the intracellular transport of most of the mutant proteins is temperature-sensitive, implying a polypeptide folding step is affected. in addition, we find that the nonglycosylat ... | 1988 | 2833524 |
| early steps in the assembly of vesicular stomatitis virus nucleocapsids in infected cells. | the assembly of nucleocapsids is an essential step in the replicative cycle of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). in this study, we have examined the early events of vesicular stomatitis virus nucleocapsid assembly in bhk-21 cells. nuclease-resistant intracellular nucleocapsids were isolated at various stages of assembly and analyzed for rna and protein contents. the smallest ribonucleoprotein complex formed during nucleocapsid assembly contains the 5'-terminal 65 nucleotides of nascent viral rna ... | 1988 | 2833609 |
| in vitro synthesis of large rnas by an unusual defective interfering particle of vesicular stomatitis virus. | we analyzed an unusual defective interfering (di) particle of the new jersey serotype of vesicular stomatitis virus. in vitro transcription experiments demonstrated that this di particle was unusual in that it transcribed large rnas in addition to the standard di leader rna. s1 nuclease mapping assays indicated that the large transcripts probably resulted from polymerase reinitiation downstream of the di leader termination site. a sequence related to the indiana serotype putative polymerase prom ... | 1988 | 2833624 |
| intracellular transport of vsv g protein occurs in cells lacking a nuclear envelope. | the intracellular transport of the g protein of a temperature sensitive vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) mutant (ts 045) was examined in nucleated chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells and in cho cells subjected to enucleation with cytochalasin b. although protein synthesis was virtually unaffected, enucleated cells synthesized only 30-45% of the amount of g protein assembled in control cells. as measured by acquisition of endoglycosidase h resistance, the rate of transport of the g protein from the ... | 1988 | 2833898 |
| isolation of a fraction enriched in the trans-golgi network from baby hamster kidney cells. | incubation of cultured cells at 20 degrees c blocks the transport of newly synthesized plasma membrane proteins, and the proteins accumulate intracellularly in a terminally glycosylated form. when baby hamster kidney cells are infected with the ts o45 mutant of vesicular stomatitis virus, and incubated at 20 degrees c, the terminally glycosylated spike glycoprotein g of the virus accumulates in the membranes of a tubular network localized on the trans side of the golgi cisternae, the trans-golgi ... | 1988 | 2834210 |
| immunoselection of stably transformed mdck cells expressing the vesicular stomatitis virus g-protein at the basolateral surface. | we have used immunoisolation on a magnetic solid support for the positive selection of stable mdck transformants which express vsv-g protein via genomic integration of a cloned cdna. this method is a simple, inexpensive alternative to selection with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. the g-protein is synthesized in the absence of other viral proteins and is transported to the plasma membrane. the g-positive cells were enriched by immunoselection during normal passage of the transformed popula ... | 1988 | 2834211 |
| enhancement of a secondary antibody response to vesicular stomatitis virus "g" protein by ifn-gamma treatment at primary immunization. | ifn-gamma is a secreted polypeptide product of stimulated t lymphocytes with immunomodulatory properties as well as antiviral activity. we have investigated the effects of ifn-gamma treatment on a neutralizing antibody response to vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) when administered in conjunction with immunization using purified envelope glycoprotein "g" of vsv. administration of rifn-gamma to mice or cattle at the time of primary immunization with vsv g glycoprotein enhanced the magnitude of a s ... | 1988 | 2834443 |
| alteration of vesicular stomatitis virus l and ns proteins by uv irradiation: implications for the mechanism of host cell shut-off. | when purified, [35s]methionine-labeled vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) was exposed to ultraviolet light, an irradiation-induced change in the viral proteins was detected by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. with dose of uv irradiation in the same range as that required to inactivate vsv leader rna, a loss occurred in the bands corresponding to the l and ns proteins concomitant with the appearance of several new bands of radioactivity throughout the gel. this alteration ... | 1988 | 2834868 |
| interferon-gamma is not an antiviral, but a growth-promoting factor for t lymphocytes. | the effects of interferon (ifn)-gamma or ifn-alpha/beta on virus yield, (2'-5')oligo(a) synthetase activation, h-2 antigen expression and proliferation of t lymphocytes have been investigated. under the culture conditions used, vesicular stomatitis virus or semliki forest virus replication in t cells was not impaired by the addition of ifn-gamma, whereas it was completely inhibited by the addition of ifn-alpha/beta. in contrast, b cell lines, macrophage-transformed cell lines and fibroblasts wer ... | 1988 | 2835246 |
| reovirus type 3 synthesizes proteins in interferon-treated hela cells without reversing the antiviral state. | treatment of hela cells with human lymphoblastoid interferon (ifn-alpha) does not inhibit reovirus type 3 protein synthesis during virus infection. in contrast, reovirus translation is blocked by treatment of l cells with mouse ifn-alpha. the (2'-5')a synthetase activity is induced in hela cells by ifn-alpha treatment and is activated after reovirus infection, since cell lysates from these cells synthesize in vitro (2'-5')a oligonucleotides. the ifn-induced protein kinase activity is also trigge ... | 1988 | 2835860 |
| measles virus l protein evidences elements of ancestral rna polymerase. | we have determined the nucleotide sequence of the measles virus (mv) l gene using a cdna library encompassing the entire mv genome (j. crowley et al. (1987) intervirology, 28, 65-77). the l gene is 6639 nucleotides in length, and contains a single long open reading frame that could code for a protein of 247,611 kda. both the l gene and in particular the predicted l protein of mv bear substantial homology to their counterparts in sendai virus and newcastle disease virus, suggesting that the multi ... | 1988 | 2835864 |
| characterization of rat brain cellular membrane components acting as receptors for vesicular stomatitis virus. brief report. | the chemical nature of the binding sites for vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) was studied by measuring the ability of solubilized rat brain cell membranes (srbm) to compete with cultured cells for viral binding. srbm significantly reduced both binding and infectivity of vsv. after separation of protein and lipid components from membranes, vsv infection was unaffected by the protein fraction, whereas the lipid moiety, specifically phospholipids and glycolipids, showed a dose-dependent inhibitory ... | 1988 | 2835950 |
| antigen-presenting b cells: efficient uptake and presentation by activated b cells for induction of cytotoxic t lymphocytes against vesicular stomatitis virus. | we have evaluated the efficacy of mitogen (lps/dxso4)-activated b cells (b lymphoblasts) to function as antigen-presenting cells (apc) for vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). our studies revealed that b lymphoblasts induced potent cytotoxic thymus (t)-derived lymphocyte (ctl) activity in vsv-immune splenic t cells depleted of adherent accessory cells. dose-response curves indicated that b lymphoblasts were approximately 15-20 times more efficient apc than spleen cells for ctl induction against vsv ... | 1988 | 2836071 |
| protein sorting between mitochondrial membranes specified by position of the stop-transfer domain. | recently, we fused a matrix-targeting signal to a large fragment of vesicular stomatitis virus g protein, which contains near its cooh-terminus a well-characterized endoplasmic reticulum (er) stop-transfer sequence; the hybrid g protein was sorted to the inner mitochondrial membrane (nguyen, m., and g. c. shore. 1987. j. biol. chem. 262:3929-3931). here, we show that the 19 amino acid g stop-transfer domain functions in an identical fashion when inserted toward the cooh-terminus of an otherwise ... | 1988 | 2836433 |
| the antiviral effect of human interferon alpha is dependent on phosphoinositide-derived messengers. | neomycin the putative blocker of membrane polyphosphoinositide hydrolysis, inhibited the antiviral activity of human interferon alpha, when tested on human quiescent fibroblasts challenged with vesicular stomatitis virus. the anti-interferon effect of neomycin could be correlated in terms of dose dependence for both neomycin (0.05-1 mm) and interferon (100-5,000 iu/ml). the results suggest that the antiviral activity of interferon alpha depends on diacylglycerol formation. indeed, the synthetic ... | 1988 | 2837002 |
| detection of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) rna in the central nervous system of infected mice by in situ hybridization. | using in situ hybridization with a cloned dna probe specific for the vsv g protein, viral rna was detected and localized in cns tissue of mice infected i.c. with either wild or ts g 31 vsv mutant. in both cases, brain and spinal cord neurons were the only cells seen to contain viral rna. virus-positive neurons were observed enclosed in spongious areas induced by the ts vsv mutant. these results suggest that the vsv shows a strong tropism for the neuronal cell and indicate that the vacuole format ... | 1988 | 2837039 |
| effect of phosphorylated ribavirin on vesicular stomatitis virus transcription. | the effect of phosphorylated ribavirin on a vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) in vitro transcription reaction was examined. viral mrna synthesized in the presence of the 5' mono-, di-, and triphosphorylated forms of the drug translated with equal efficiencies under the test conditions. however, all three phosphorylated species inhibited vsv transcription. the mono- and diphosphorylated forms of the drug possessed approximately two to three times the inhibitory activity as the triphosphorylated fo ... | 1988 | 2837139 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus infection enhances invasiveness of salmonella typhimurium. | when mouse fibroblast l-929 cells were pre-infected with vesicular stomatitis virus, an enhancement of invasiveness by salmonella typhimurium was observed. the effect was more pronounced when higher virus doses were used. short-time (5 h) pre-incubation with virus caused a moderate enhancement of invasiveness. when virus pre-incubation time was increased to 8 h or 13 h, a further enhancement was observed. results obtained after pre-incubation with uv inactivated virus were similar to that achiev ... | 1988 | 2837253 |
| viral products in cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus and superinfected with rous sarcoma virus. | in cells infected with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) ts 1026 and superinfected with rous sarcoma virus (rsv) synthesis of vsrc mrna and rsv env mrna decreases. in these cells post-translational processing of rsv precursor proteins is impaired and small amounts of vsv antigens are detected. | 1988 | 2839128 |
| integration of membrane proteins into the endoplasmic reticulum requires gtp. | we have examined the requirement for ribonucleotides and ribonucleotide triphosphate hydrolysis during early events in the membrane integration of two membrane proteins: the g protein of vesicular stomatitis virus and the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) glycoprotein of newcastle disease virus. both proteins contain a single transmembrane-spanning segment but are integrated in the membrane with opposite orientations. the g protein has an amino-terminal signal sequence and a stop-transfer sequenc ... | 1988 | 2839521 |
| differential effects of mutations in three domains on folding, quaternary structure, and intracellular transport of vesicular stomatitis virus g protein. | the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (g protein) is an integral membrane protein which assembles into noncovalently associated trimers before transport from the endoplasmic reticulum. in this study we have examined the folding and oligomeric assembly of twelve mutant g proteins with alterations in the cytoplasmic, transmembrane, or ectodomains. through the use of conformation-specific antibodies, we found that newly synthesized g protein folded into a conformation similar to the mature fo ... | 1988 | 2839523 |