Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| establishment of a european-type strain of echinococcus multilocularis in canadian wildlife. | in 2009, a haplotype closely related to european strains of echinococcus multilocularis was detected in a dog from the quesnel region of british columbia, canada. we now report the establishment of this same haplotype in 7 coyotes (canis latrans) trapped within 40 km of quesnel, bc. in addition, 3 coyotes and 1 red fox (vulpes vulpes) harboured adult cestodes morphologically compatible with that of e. multilocularis (overall prevalence 33% in 33 carnivores). none of 156 potential intermediate ho ... | 2013 | 23714582 |
| measurement repeatability of tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove offset distance in red fox (vulpes vulpes) cadavers. | to describe ct image reconstruction criteria for measurement of the tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (tt-tg) offset distance, evaluate intra- and inter-reconstruction repeatability, and identify key sources of error in the measurement technique, as determined in vulpine hind limbs. | 2013 | 23718657 |
| calodium hepaticum (nematoda: capillaridae) in a red fox (vulpes vulpes) in italy with scanning electron microscopy of the eggs. | calodium hepaticum (bancroft, 1893) moravec, 1982 (syn. capillaria hepatica) is a cosmopolitan capillariid nematode, infecting mainly rodents and occasionally other mammals, including humans. reports of c. hepaticum in canids are rare and the present one is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported case in a red fox (vulpes vulpes linnaeus) in italy. scanning electron microscopy (sem) examination of the eggs of c. hepaticum allowed a precise description of the egg morphology, which is on ... | 2013 | 23724729 |
| nutrias and muskrats as bioindicators for the presence of echinococcus multilocularis in new endemic areas. | nutrias (myocastor coypus) and muskrats (ondatra zibethicus) are large invasive semi-aquatic or aquatic rodents, naturalized throughout europe. they are regarded as pests, and can be infected with several pathogens and parasites transmissible to wildlife, livestock, pets and humans. as a rule, in europe the life cycle of the cestode echinococcus multilocularis involves red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as main definitive hosts and common voles as intermediate hosts. the suitability of nutrias and muskra ... | 2013 | 23725822 |
| a range-wide synthesis and timeline for phylogeographic events in the red fox (vulpes vulpes). | many boreo-temperate mammals have a pleistocene fossil record throughout eurasia and north america, but only few have a contemporary distribution that spans this large area. examples of holarctic-distributed carnivores are the brown bear, grey wolf, and red fox, all three ecological generalists with large dispersal capacity and a high adaptive flexibility. while the two former have been examined extensively across their ranges, no phylogeographic study of the red fox has been conducted across it ... | 2013 | 23738594 |
| survey on helminths in the small intestine of wild foxes in qinghai, china. | the intestinal helminth fauna of tibetan sand foxes (vulpes ferrilata) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) inhabiting in qinghai, china, was evaluated by conducting necropsy of hunted foxes and fecal egg examination of field-collected feces. in northeast and south qinghai, 36 foxes were necropsied, and the species of foxes and the parasites detected were identified by the dna barcoding. in 27 red foxes and 9 tibetan sand foxes examined, mesocestoides litteratus (total prevalence: 64%), toxascaris leon ... | 2013 | 23749034 |
| serologic, molecular, and pathologic survey of toxoplasma gondii infection in free-ranging red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in central italy. | we tested 191 sera of red foxes (vulpes vulpes; 78 females and 113 males) for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii using an indirect immunofluorescent test. tissue samples of myocardium, lymph nodes, and brains from antibody-positive animals were tested for t. gondii dna using specific pcr and processed for histopathology and immunohistochemistry (ihc) to detect t. gondii antigen. of 192 (53.4%) antibody-positive animals, eight were positive by pcr on myocardium and one on brain. all dna extracts wer ... | 2013 | 23778603 |
| freezing to the predator odor 2,4,5 dihydro 2,5 trimethylthiazoline (tmt) is disrupted by olfactory bulb removal but not trigeminal deafferentation. | 2,4,5 dihydro 2,5 trimethylthiazoline (tmt) is a synthesized component of red fox anal secretions that reliably elicits defensive behaviors in rats and mice. tmt differs from other predator odors because it is a single molecule, it can be synthesized in large quantities, and the dose for exposure is highly controllable in an experimental setting. tmt has become a popular tool for studying the brain mechanisms that mediate innate fear behavior to olfactory stimuli. however, this view of tmt as a ... | 2013 | 23831303 |
| the safety of onrab® in select non-target wildlife. | onrab(®) is a recombinant human adenovirus type 5 (had5) with the rabies glycoprotein gene incorporated into its genome. onrab(®) has been used in canada as an oral rabies vaccine in target wildlife species such as: red fox (vulpes vulpes), raccoon (procyon lotor), and striped skunk (mepthis mephitis). we evaluated the safety of onrab(®) in non-target wildlife species likely to contact the vaccine baits during oral rabies vaccine campaigns in the united states. we investigated the effects of ora ... | 2013 | 23831321 |
| antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in escherichia coli and enterococci from red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | the aims of the study were to analyse the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and the mechanisms implicated, as well as the virulence factors, in faecal escherichia coli and enterococcus spp. from red foxes. from 52 faecal samples, 22 e. coli (42.3%) and 50 enterococci (96.2%) isolates were recovered (one/sample). a high percentage of e. coli isolates exhibited resistance to streptomycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or ampicillin (54-27%), and they harboured the aada, tet(a) a ... | 2013 | 23845583 |
| genetic strain modification of a live rabies virus vaccine widely used in europe for wildlife oral vaccination. | in europe, the main reservoir and vector of rabies has been the red fox (vulpes vulpes). oral immunization of foxes with live vaccines, using attenuated rabies strains (sad b19, sad bern), apathogenic mutants of an attenuated strain (sag2) and the vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein recombinant virus vaccine (v-rg), has been shown to be the most effective method for the control and elimination of rabies. among all vaccines currently used for wildlife oral vaccination, one vaccine (marketed as sad bern ... | 2013 | 23899697 |
| a coprological survey of parasites of wild carnivores in ireland. | the increasing movement of people to wilderness areas, shrinking of wildlife habitats and the resulting urbanisation of wildlife has led to growing concerns about the transfer of parasitic diseases, particularly from contaminated faeces. faecal samples from wild carnivores in ireland were examined for the presence of protozoan and nematode parasites. red fox (vulpes vulpes) samples (n = 91) were positive for uncinaria stenocephala (38%), eucoleus aerophilus (26%), toxocara canis (20%), trichuris ... | 2013 | 23900557 |
| comparison of bacterial culture and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection of f. tularensis subsp. holarctica in wild animals. | detection of the zoonotic pathogen francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica (ef tularensis) in wild animals with culture techniques as well as polymerase chain reaction were compared and discussed on the basis of the investigation of 60 animals. the samples originated from 55 european brown hares (lepus europaeus), two red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and one each from a wild rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus), a european beaver (castor fiber), and a lemur (lemur catta). when comparing the growth of 28 f. ... | 2013 | 23901583 |
| quantifying behavioral changes in territorial animals caused by sudden population declines. | although territorial animals are able to maintain exclusive use of certain regions of space, movement data from neighboring individuals often suggest overlapping home ranges. to explain and unify these two aspects of animal space use, we use recently developed mechanistic models of collective animal movement. we apply our approach to a natural experiment on an urban red fox (vulpes vulpes) population that underwent a rapid decline in population density due to a sarcoptic mange epizooty. by extra ... | 2013 | 23933730 |
| enhanced understanding of predator-prey relationships using molecular methods to identify predator species, individual and sex. | predator species identification is an important step in understanding predator-prey interactions, but predator identifications using kill site observations are often unreliable. we used molecular tools to analyse predator saliva, scat and hair from caribou calf kills in newfoundland, canada to identify the predator species, individual and sex. we sampled dna from 32 carcasses using cotton swabs to collect predator saliva. we used fragment length analysis and sequencing of mitochondrial dna to di ... | 2014 | 23957886 |
| first detection of leishmania infantum kinetoplast dna in hair of wild mammals: application of qpcr method to determine potential parasite reservoirs. | the data presented in this paper describe the application of a method for a reliable and non-invasive diagnosis of leishmaniosis in wild reservoirs, based on the detection of leishmania infantum kinetoplast dna (kdna) in hair samples by real time pcr (qpcr). the study has been performed on 68 ear/leg hair samples from 5 different wild species (vulpes vulpes, canis lupus, martes foina, rattus norvegicus and erinaceus europaeus) from several geographic areas of west and north spain. the presence o ... | 2013 | 23973736 |
| intestinal parasites of the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in slovenia. | in the present study, 428 foxes were collected and examined for intestinal helminths using the washing-out method. parasites were found in 93.2% of the examined animals. the most frequently identified nematodes were uncinaria stenocephala (58.9%), toxocara canis (38.3%) and molineus patens (30.6%). other nematodes found were pterygodermatites affinis (4.2%), capillaria sp. (2.8%), crenosoma vulpis (2.8%), toxascaris leonina (2.5%), trichuris vulpis (0.7%) and physaloptera sp. (0.2%). mesocestoid ... | 2013 | 23974942 |
| efficacy of anthelmintic baiting of foxes against echinococcus multilocularis in northern japan. | field application of anthelmintic baits against echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) was conducted on nemuro peninsula at the eastern edge of hokkaido, japan. the total study area was 412 km(2), of which 135 km(2) were used for bait distribution. commercial baits containing 50mg praziquantel were distributed by car along roads outside towns and villages in a density of 15/km(2). additional baits were distributed around fox breeding dens. baiting was done from november 1999 to ... | 2013 | 24001877 |
| wild boar tuberculosis in iberian atlantic spain: a different picture from mediterranean habitats. | infections with mycobacterium bovis and closely related members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc) are shared between livestock, wildlife and sporadically human beings. wildlife reservoirs exist worldwide and can interfere with bovine tuberculosis (tb) eradication efforts. the eurasian wild boar (sus scrofa) is a mtc maintenance host in mediterranean iberia (spain and portugal). however, few systematic studies in wild boar have been carried out in atlantic regions. we describe the p ... | 2013 | 24010539 |
| trichinella nativa in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) of germany and poland: possible different origins. | in germany and poland, the high population density of the red fox (vulpes vulpes) is considered a public health risk since this wild canid is one of the main reservoirs of trichinella spp. in 2010 in poland, a program to monitor the prevalence of trichinella spp. in the red fox population was launched. after two years, trichinella spp. larvae were detected in 44 (2.7%) out of 1634 foxes tested. in germany in the period 2002-2011, trichinella spp. larvae were in 27 foxes. the trichinella species ... | 2013 | 24011650 |
| environmental determinants of the spatial distribution of alaria alata in hungary. | alaria alata is a potential zoonotic parasite, which is widely distributed in eurasia. to assess the risk of human infection, it is important to know the spatial distribution pattern of the parasite and factors influencing this pattern. to investigate these relationships, 1612 red fox (vulpes vulpes) carcasses were randomly collected from the whole hungarian territory, and the intestines were examined by sedimentation and counting technique. the spatial distribution of the parasite was highly cl ... | 2013 | 24011677 |
| the concentration of manganese, iron and strontium in bone of red fox vulpes vulpes (l. 1758). | the aims of the study were to determine manganese (mn), iron (fe) and strontium (sr) concentrations in fox bone samples from north-western poland and to examine the relationships between the bone mn, fe and sr concentrations and the sex and age of the foxes. in the studied samples of fox cartilage, cartilage with adjacent compact bone, compact bone and spongy bone, the concentrations of the analysed metals had the following descending order: fe > sr > mn. the only exception was in compact bone, ... | 2013 | 24013932 |
| detection and genetic characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus (tbev) derived from ticks removed from red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and isolated from spleen samples of red deer (cervus elaphus) in croatia. | tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) is a growing public health concern in central and northern european countries. even though tbe is a notifiable disease in croatia, there is a significant lack of information in regard to vector tick identification, distribution as well as tbe virus prevalence in ticks or animals. the aim of our study was to identify and to investigate the viral prevalence of tbe virus in ticks removed from red fox (vulpes vulpes) carcasses hunted in endemic areas in northern croatia ... | 2014 | 24035586 |
| a foxy view of human beauty: implications of the farm fox experiment for understanding the origins of structural and experiential aspects of facial attractiveness. | within 20 years, experimental selection of quantified "not too aggressive, not too fearful" behavior to human approach was shown in silver foxes (vulpes vulpes) to produce a neotenic package of traits in adults: ability to seek, induce, and sustain contact (called friendly or rapport behavior); relatively short limbs and foreshortened skull/face; and light pigmentation areas. earlier sexual maturation, prolonged receptivity, and larger litters were also noted. the increased estradiol supporting ... | 2013 | 24053070 |
| temporal genetic variation of the red fox, vulpes vulpes, across western europe and the british isles. | quaternary climatic fluctuations have had profound effects on the phylogeographic structure of many species. classically, species were thought to have become isolated in peninsular refugia, but there is limited evidence that large, non-polar species survived outside traditional refugial areas. we examined the phylogeographic structure of the red fox (vulpes vulpes), a species that shows high ecological adaptability in the western palaearctic region. we compared mitochondrial dna sequences (cytoc ... | 2012 | 24068852 |
| accounting for complementarity to maximize monitoring power for species management. | to choose among conservation actions that may benefit many species, managers need to monitor the consequences of those actions. decisions about which species to monitor from a suite of different species being managed are hindered by natural variability in populations and uncertainty in several factors: the ability of the monitoring to detect a change, the likelihood of the management action being successful for a species, and how representative species are of one another. however, the literature ... | 2013 | 24073812 |
| environmental determinants of the spatial distribution of echinococcus multilocularis in hungary. | human alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the metacestode stage of echinococcus multilocularis, is one of the most pathogenic zoonoses in the temperate and arctic region of the northern hemisphere. to investigate the spatial distribution of e. multilocularis and the factors influencing this distribution in the recently identified endemic area of hungary, 1612 red fox (vulpes vulpes) carcasses were randomly collected from the whole hungarian territory from november 2008 to february 2009 and from n ... | 2013 | 24094776 |
| detection of leishmania in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from southeastern france using real-time quantitative pcr. | the role of red foxes in the natural cycle of leishmania infection is not well known. in the var area, southeastern france, from 2006 to 2012, we conducted a longitudinal epidemiologic survey of foxes using quantitative pcr. among 92 red foxes screened, prevalence of leishmania infantum infection was 9%. red foxes may be considered a bioindicator of parasite circulation in this biotope. | 2014 | 24171581 |
| spanish juniper gain expansion opportunities by counting on a functionally diverse dispersal assemblage community. | seed dispersal is typically performed by a diverse array of species assemblages with different behavioral and morphological traits which determine dispersal quality (dq, defined as the probability of recruitment of a dispersed seed). fate of ecosystems to ongoing environmental changes is critically dependent on dispersal and mainly on dq in novel scenarios. we assess here the dq, thus the multiplicative effect of germination and survival probability to the first 3 years of life, for seeds disper ... | 2013 | 24198937 |
| the prevalence of echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes in poland--current results (2009-2013). | the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in poland. overall, 1,546 intestinal samples from 15 of the 16 provinces in poland were examined by the sedimentation and counting technique (sct). the mean prevalence of e. multilocularis in poland was 16.5% and was found in 14 of the 15 examined provinces. the mean intensity of infection was 2,807 tapeworms per intestine. distinct differences in prevalence were observed between regi ... | 2014 | 24221887 |
| an evaluation of repellents to suppress browsing by possums. | the efficacy in feeding suppression trials with possums (trichosorus vulpecula kerr) of six synthetic odorous chemicals uniquely associated with various of the mustelidae species and of the red fox (vulpes vulpes) has been evaluated with respect to several proprietary repellents. the predator odors, two proprietary repellents, and two other repellent formulations (olive oil in petroleum jelly and a synthetic fermented egg odor cocktail) were applied as 5% w/v solutions in paraffin to the foliage ... | 1995 | 24233684 |
| use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores : iii. montane and meadow voles (microtus montanus andmicrotus pennsylvanicus). | this study investigated the influence of the major anal-gland compounds from the stoat (mustela erminea) and fecal and urine compounds from the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in generating an avoidance response by montane voles (microtus montanus), as well as suppressing feeding by montane and meadow (m. pennsylvanicus) voles on apple trees in orchards. in trap bioassays, a 1∶1 mixture of 2-propylthietane and 3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane significantly reduced vole captures. other mixtures of stoat compounds ... | 1988 | 24277015 |
| use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores : iv. northern pocket gophers (thomomys talpoides). | this study investigated the influence of the major anal-gland compounds from the stoat (mustela erminea) and ferret (m. putorius) in generating an avoidance response by northern pocket gophers (thomomys talpoides) in tree fruit orchards in the okanagan valley of british columbia, canada. a secondary objective assessed the impact of additional predator odors on gopher avoidance behavior in laboratory bioassays. in field bioassays, a 1: 1 mixture of 2-propylthietane and 3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane, as ... | 1988 | 24277016 |
| polymorphism of cytogenetic markers in wild and farm red fox (vulpes vulpes) populations. | analysis of the origin of domestic animals is of wide interest and has many practical applications in areas such as agriculture and evolutionary biology. identification of an ancestor and comparison with the domesticated form allows for an analysis of genetic, physiological, morphological and behavioral effects of domestication. because fox breeding has been an ongoing process for over a century, differences are expected between farm and wild populations at the chromosomal level. the aim of this ... | 2013 | 24279163 |
| 'bodyguard' plants: predator-escape performance influences microhabitat choice by nightjars. | prey are typically assumed to avoid their predators. however, habitat selection patterns of prey might depend upon their ability to use particular landscape elements to manage their escape options from predator encounters. during two breeding seasons, i studied habitat use and behaviour of red-necked nightjars (caprimulgus ruficollis) foraging under the risk of predation by red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in southwestern spain. nightjars exhibited nearly invariable foraging site choice and body positi ... | 2014 | 24286818 |
| feeding responses of snowshoe hares (lepus americanus) to volatile constituents of red fox (vulpes vulpes) urine. | this study investigated the influence of the volatile constituents of red fox (vulpes vulpes) urine in suppressing feeding by snowshoe hares (lepus americanus) on coniferous tree seedlings. pen and field bioassays indicated that the odor of fox urine and its principal component, 3-methyl-3-butenyl methyl sulfide, had a negative effect on feeding behavior of hares. the other sulfur-containing compounds, 2-phenylethyl methyl sulfide and 3-methylbutyl methyl sulfide, as well as six other constituen ... | 1986 | 24306911 |
| flow cytometric evaluation of sperm apoptosis in semen of silver foxes in the breeding period. | the objective of the study was to evaluate cytometrically the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic spermatozoa in fresh semen of silver foxes in the breeding season. in males f3 and f4 with high percentages of early apoptotic (a+pi-), late apoptotic (a+pi+) and necrotic (a-pi+) spermatozoa as well as 56-65% of living spermatozoa (a-pi-) with progressive motility, the semen was characterised by reduced fertility. in males f1 and f2 with spermatozoa showing the motility and viability of 89-90% and ... | 2014 | 24332010 |
| genotyping toxoplasma gondii from wildlife in pennsylvania and identification of natural recombinants virulent to mice. | recent studies indicated the predominance of toxoplasma gondii haplogroup 12 in wildlife in the usa. however, still little is known of the genetic diversity of this parasite circulating in wildlife. in the present study, we tested coyotes (canis latrans), red foxes (vulpes vulpes), white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), and geese (branta canadensis) from the state of pennsylvania for t. gondii infection. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 160 of 367 animals, including 92 (34.5%) of 266 c ... | 2014 | 24332401 |
| serological investigation of wild boars (sus scrofa) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as indicator animals for circulation of francisella tularensis in germany. | tularemia outbreaks in humans have recently been reported in many european countries, but data on the occurrence in the animal population are scarce. in north america, seroconversion of omnivores and carnivores was used as indicator for the presence of tularemia, for the european fauna, however, data are barely available. therefore, the suitability of wild boars (sus scrofa) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as indicators for the circulation of f. tularensis in germany was evaluated. serum samples f ... | 2014 | 24359418 |
| radiographic analysis of vocal tract length and its relation to overall body size in two canid species. | body size is an important determinant of resource and mate competition in many species. competition is often mediated by conspicuous vocal displays, which may help to intimidate rivals and attract mates by providing honest cues to signaler size. fitch proposed that vocal tract resonances (or formants) should provide particularly good, or honest, acoustic cues to signaler size because they are determined by the length of the vocal tract, which in turn, is hypothesized to scale reliably with overa ... | 2013 | 24363497 |
| oral vaccination and protection of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) against rabies using onrab, an adenovirus-rabies recombinant vaccine. | twenty-seven red foxes (vulpes vulpes) were each offered a bait containing onrab, a recombinant oral rabies vaccine that uses a human adenovirus vector to express the immunogenic rabies virus glycoprotein; 10 controls received no vaccine baits. serum samples collected from all foxes before treatment, and each week post-treatment for 16 weeks, were tested for the presence of rabies virus neutralizing antibody (rvna). in the bait group, a fox was considered a responder to vaccination if serum samp ... | 2014 | 24374501 |
| development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers for chinese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides). | chinese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides) is one of the most important fur-bearing animal species. information about the genetic background of farmed chinese raccoon dogs is limited. in this study, 17 polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and identified from an (ac)n-microsatellite-enriched library of chinese raccoon dogs. the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 8 based on 48 individuals tested. the expected and observed heterozygosity and polymorphism infor ... | 2013 | 24390984 |
| 2008-2011 sylvatic rabies epidemic in italy: challenges and experiences. | after more than 10 years of absence, in 2008 rabies re-emerged and spread in wild foxes in north-eastern italy. in order to control the infection and to minimize the risk of human exposure, three oral foxes vaccination campaigns were first carried out by manual distribution of baits between january and september 2009, followed by four emergency oral rabies vaccination (orv) campaigns by aerial distribution in the affected regions starting in december 2009. ordinary aerial orv campaigns followed ... | 2013 | 24392677 |
| first report of angiostrongylus vasorum and hepatozoon from a red fox (vulpes vulpes) from west virginia, usa. | angiostrongylus vasorum was identified in the lungs of a red fox (vulpes vulpes) from west virginia, united states (us), indicating a new geographical location for this metastrongylid nematode. the fox was euthanized and submitted for necropsy after displaying erratic behavior. we did not detect rabies virus or canine distemper virus from the fox. we observed bronchopneumonia associated with a. vasorum infection disseminated in both lungs. in addition, protozoal meronts were observed in the live ... | 2014 | 24412356 |
| survey of antibodies to leishmania spp. in wild canids from pennsylvania and tennessee. | visceral leishmaniasis (vl) is a zoonosis with worldwide distribution. infections with the leishmania donovani complex, including leishmania infantum, cause the vl. domestic dogs are the most important reservoir host for human vl, and wild canids are also susceptible. in the united states, infections with l. infantum are common in the foxhound dog breed. little information is available regarding l. infantum in wild canids in the unites states. sera from 11 foxes and 256 coyotes originating in pe ... | 2013 | 24450086 |
| molecular evidence of kobuviruses in free-ranging red foxes (vulpes vulpes). | red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are susceptible to viral diseases of domestic carnivores. in this study, by screening rectal swabs collected from 34 red foxes in italy, we identified kobuvirus rna in five samples. based on analysis of partial rdrp and full-length vp1 genes, all of the strains shared the highest identity with canine kobuviruses (cakvs) recently detected in the us, the uk and italy. these findings provide the first evidence of the circulation of these novel viruses in foxes. | 2014 | 24452667 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the tibetan red fox (vulpes vulpes montana). | in this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of the tibetan red fox (vulpes vulpes montana) was sequenced for the first time using blood samples obtained from a wild female red fox captured from lhasa in tibet, china. qinghai--tibet plateau is the highest plateau in the world with an average elevation above 3500 m. sequence analysis showed it contains 12s rrna gene, 16s rrna gene, 22 trna genes, 13 protein-coding genes and 1 control region (cr). the variable tandem repeats in cr is the main ... | 2015 | 24456141 |
| using the genetics of echinococcus multilocularis to trace the history of expansion from an endemic area. | alveolar echinococcosis, caused by the cestode echinococcus multilocularis, is the most serious parasitic disease for humans in europe, with a sylvatic life cycle generally between small rodents and red foxes. general expansion of the range of e. multilocularis has been observed across europe over the last 15years. in france, a westward spread of the known endemic areas of the parasite was described recently. for genotyping, the microsatellite emsb was used to trace expansion in five french area ... | 2014 | 24468327 |
| vaccine-induced rabies in a red fox (vulpes vulpes): isolation of vaccine virus in brain tissue and salivary glands. | oral vaccination campaigns to eliminate fox rabies were initiated in slovenia in 1995. in may 2012, a young fox (vulpes vulpes) with typical rabies signs was captured. its brain and salivary gland tissues were found to contain vaccine strain sad b19. the basic logical alignment search tool alignment of 589 nucleotides determined from the n gene of the virus isolated from the brain and salivary glands of the affected fox was 100% identical to the genbank reference sad b19 strain. sequence analysi ... | 2014 | 24484500 |
| real time pcr to detect the environmental faecal contamination by echinococcus multilocularis from red fox stools. | the oncosphere stage of echinococcus multilocularis in red fox stools can lead, after ingestion, to the development of alveolar echinococcosis in the intermediate hosts, commonly small mammals and occasionally humans. monitoring animal infection and environmental contamination is a key issue in public health surveillance. we developed a quantitative real-time pcr technique (qpcr) to detect and quantify e. multilocularis dna released in fox faeces. a qpcr technique using a hydrolysis probe target ... | 2014 | 24484767 |
| detection of anaplasma phagocytophilum in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) from brandenburg, germany. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate intracellular and tick-transmitted bacterium, which causes granulocytic anaplasmosis in animals and humans. although infection with a. phagocytophilum in domestic animals and vector ticks is documented, there is sparse information on the occurrence of a. phagocytophilum in wild animals. red foxes (vulpes vulpes) as well as raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) are wildlife species highly abundant in certain areas of germany and represent a potential wil ... | 2014 | 24512760 |
| pathological findings of angiostrongylus vasorum infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from central italy, with the first report of a disseminated infection in this host species. | in europe, the red fox (vulpes vulpes) is considered the reservoir of angiostrongylus vasorum, nematode residing in the pulmonary arteries and right heart of dogs and many species of wild carnivores. italy is considered one of the european countries where this nematode is actually spreading. between may 2007 and november 2013, 62 foxes found dead in central italy were necropsied. right heart and pulmonary arteries were opened and checked for the presence of adult parasites. impression smears fro ... | 2014 | 24532011 |
| endoparasites of the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in denmark 2009-2012 - a comparative study. | invasive species negatively influence the biodiversity of the ecosystems they invade and may introduce pathogens to native species. raccoon dogs have very successfully invaded europe, including, recently, denmark. this study included analyses of gastrointestinal helminths and trichinella spp. from 99 raccoon dogs and 384 native red foxes collected from october 2009 to march 2012. the sedimentation and counting method used revealed that raccoon dogs and foxes harboured 9 and 13 different helminth ... | 2013 | 24533328 |
| environmental conditions predict helminth prevalence in red foxes in western australia. | red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are the most common and widely distributed wild carnivore worldwide. these predators harbour a wide range of parasites, many of which may have important conservation, agricultural and zoonotic repercussions. this project investigated the occurrence of helminth parasites from the intestines of 147 red foxes across 14 sampling localities of southwest western australia. helminth parasites were detected in 58% of fox intestines: dipylidium caninum (27.7% of foxes), uncinari ... | 2013 | 24533331 |
| piroplasmosis in wildlife: babesia and theileria affecting free-ranging ungulates and carnivores in the italian alps. | piroplasmosis are among the most relevant diseases of domestic animals. babesia is emerging as cause of tick-borne zoonosis worldwide and free-living animals are reservoir hosts of several zoonotic babesia species. we investigated the epidemiology of babesia spp. and theileria spp. in wild ungulates and carnivores from northern italy to determine which of these apicomplexan species circulate in wildlife and their prevalence of infection. | 2014 | 24533742 |
| identification of animal rabies in inner mongolia and analysis of the etiologic characteristics. | to perform pathological observation and etiological identification of specimens collected from dairy cows, beef cattle and dogs which were suspected of rabies in inner mongolia in 2011, and analyze their etiological characteristics. | 2014 | 24553372 |
| infections with cardiopulmonary and intestinal helminths and sarcoptic mange in red foxes from two different localities in denmark. | monitoring parasitic infections in the red fox is essential for obtaining baseline knowledge on the spread of diseases of veterinary and medical importance. in this study, screening for cardiopulmonary and intestinal helminths and sarcoptic mange (sarcoptes scabiei) was done on 118 foxes originating from two distinct localities in denmark, (copenhagen) greater area and southern jutland. fifteen parasite species were recorded in 116 foxes (98.3%), nine parasitic species are of zoonotic potential. ... | 2014 | 24570055 |
| fatal spirocercosis in a free-ranging red fox. | 2014 | 24578435 | |
| a molecular survey of anaplasma spp., rickettsia spp., ehrlichia canis and babesia microti in foxes and fleas from sicily. | fleas (insecta: siphonaptera) are obligate bloodsucking insects, which parasitize birds and mammals, and are distributed throughout the world. several species have been implicated in pathogen transmission. this study aimed to monitor red foxes and the fleas isolated from them in the palermo and ragusa provinces of sicily, italy, as these organisms are potential reservoirs and vectors of pathogens. thirteen foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 110 fleas were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to de ... | 2013 | 24589112 |
| lack of fear response in mice (mus musculus) exposed to human urine odor. | a goal of the guide for the care and use of laboratory animals is to improve animal welfare by minimizing sources of fear, anxiety, and stress. as a result, it includes recommendations on overcrowding, frequency of cage changes, enrichment, and group housing. however, human odorants are a potential but unexplored source of fear, anxiety, and stress. although mice have been maintained for decades for animal research, whether mice perceive humans as predators is unknown. if so, this would necessit ... | 2014 | 24602539 |
| lethal control of an apex predator has unintended cascading effects on forest mammal assemblages. | disruption to species-interaction networks caused by irruptions of herbivores and mesopredators following extirpation of apex predators is a global driver of ecosystem reorganization and biodiversity loss. most studies of apex predators' ecological roles focus on effects arising from their interactions with herbivores or mesopredators in isolation, but rarely consider how the effects of herbivores and mesopredators interact. here, we provide evidence that multiple cascade pathways induced by let ... | 2014 | 24619441 |
| molecular and histopathological detection of hepatozoon canis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from portugal. | hepatozoon canis is a protozoan tick-borne pathogen of dogs and wild canids. hepatozoon spp. have been reported to infect foxes in different continents and recent studies have mostly used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection and characterization of the infecting species. surveying red foxes (vulpes vulpes) may contribute to better understanding the epidemiology of canine vector-borne diseases, including hepatozoonosis caused by h. canis in domestic dogs. the present study invest ... | 2014 | 24655375 |
| isotopic investigation of niche partitioning among native carnivores and the non-native coyote (canis latrans). | we employed stable carbon (δ(13)c) and nitrogen (δ(15)n) isotopes within a hypothetico-deductive framework to explore potential resource partitioning among terrestrial mammalian carnivores. isotope values were acquired using guard hair samples from bobcat (lynx rufus), coyote (canis latrans), gray fox (urocyon cinereoargenteus), and red fox (vulpes vulpes) in the adirondack park, ny, usa. enrichment along the δ(13)c axis was expected to reflect the use of human sources of food (reflecting a corn ... | 2014 | 24666214 |
| increase in number of helminth species from dutch red foxes over a 35-year period. | the red fox (vulpes vulpes) is host to a community of zoonotic and other helminth species. tracking their community structure and dynamics over decades is one way to monitor the long term risk of parasitic infectious diseases relevant to public and veterinary health. | 2014 | 24708710 |
| a molecular survey of babesia spp. and theileria spp. in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and their ticks from thuringia, germany. | wild canines which are closely related to dogs constitute a potential reservoir for haemoparasites by both hosting tick species that infest dogs and harbouring tick-transmitted canine haemoparasites. in this study, the prevalence of babesia spp. and theileria spp. was investigated in german red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and their ticks. dna extracts of 261 spleen samples and 1953 ticks included 4 tick species: ixodes ricinus (n=870), i. canisuga (n=585), i. hexagonus (n=485), and dermacentor reticul ... | 2014 | 24717451 |
| extraintestinal nematodes of the red fox vulpes vulpes in north-west italy. | extraintestinal nematodes of the red fox (vulpes vulpes) are a wide group of parasites that infect wild and domestic carnivores and occasionally humans. nematodes in the cardiopulmonary system, stomach, urinary apparatus and muscle tissue of 165 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from north-west italy (liguria and piedmont) were investigated between 2009 and 2012. of the cardiopulmonary nematodes, a high prevalence of angiostrongylus vasorum and eucoleus aerophilus (syn. capillaria aerophila) was found, ... | 2015 | 24725462 |
| the risks of using "species-specific" pcr assays in wildlife research: the case of red fox (vulpes vulpes) identification in tasmania. | 2014 | 24742708 | |
| toward reliable estimates of abundance: comparing index methods to assess the abundance of a mammalian predator. | due to time and financial constraints indices are often used to obtain landscape-scale estimates of relative species abundance. using two different field methods and comparing the results can help to detect possible bias or a non monotonic relationship between the index and the true abundance, providing more reliable results. we used data obtained from camera traps and feces counts to independently estimate relative abundance of red foxes in the black forest, a forested landscape in southern ger ... | 2014 | 24743565 |
| tick-borne encephalitis transmission risk: its dependence on host population dynamics and climate effects. | tick-borne encephalitis (tbe) is a human disease caused by a flavivirus that is spread by ticks (ixodes ricinus). in 2011 and 2012, the highest tbe incidence ever was recorded in sweden. it has been proposed that warmer spring temperatures result in higher survival of ticks and thus high incidence of tbe. here, analyses were done of time series of tbe for 1976-2011 in relation to the north atlantic oscillation (nao), mean summer temperatures, and yearly number of harvested european hare (lepus e ... | 2014 | 24745813 |
| toxoplasma gondii in sympatric wild herbivores and carnivores: epidemiology of infection in the western alps. | toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite that is able to infect almost all warm blooded animals. in europe, the domestic cat is the main definitive host. worldwide, 6 billion people are infected with this parasite. the goal of our research is to evaluate the prevalence of t. gondii infection in wild animals from a previously unsampled area in northern italy where 0.1% of women seroconvert during pregnancy each year. | 2014 | 24766665 |
| quantifying extinction probabilities from sighting records: inference and uncertainties. | methods are needed to estimate the probability that a population is extinct, whether to underpin decisions regarding the continuation of a invasive species eradication program, or to decide whether further searches for a rare and endangered species could be warranted. current models for inferring extinction probability based on sighting data typically assume a constant or declining sighting rate. we develop methods to analyse these models in a bayesian framework to estimate detection and surviva ... | 2014 | 24788945 |
| a survey of intestinal helminths in wild carnivores from the tatra national park, southern poland. | from january 2011 to july 2012, 144 faecal samples of wild carnivores from the tatra national park were examined to evaluate the prevalence of intestinal helminths--72 of wolves (canis lupus), 45 of red foxes (vulpes vulpes), 15 of pine martens (martes martes) and 12 of brown bears (ursus arctos). in wolves, monospecific infection with trichuris vulpis (13.9%), toxocara canis (6.9%), ancylostoma/uncinaria (5.6%) and taeniids (1.4%) was revealed. in red foxes, the most prevalent infection was 7 v ... | 2013 | 24791342 |
| dietary copper supplementation improves pelt characteristics of female silver fox (vulpes fulva) during the winter fur-growing season. | copper has an essential role in normal fur pigmentation and fur quality. this study evaluated the effects of cupric citrate (cucit) supplementation on growth, nutrients metabolism and pelt characteristics of the female silver fox (vulpes fulva). fifty age-matched female silver foxes with similar body weights were randomly divided into five dietary groups for 58 days during the winter fur-growing season. the basal diet contained 4.92 mg/kg copper. groups i-v were supplemented with 6, 30, 60, 90 o ... | 2014 | 24798300 |
| hepatozoon canis in german red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and their ticks: molecular characterization and the phylogenetic relationship to other hepatozoon spp. | in this study, the prevalence of hepatozoon spp. in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and their ticks from germany, as well as molecular characterizations and phylogenetic relationship to other hepatozoon spp. were investigated. dna extracts of 261 spleen samples and 1,953 ticks were examined for the presence of hepatozoon spp. by a conventional polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeting the 18s rrna gene. the ticks included four tick species: ixodes ricinus, ixodes canisuga, ixodes hexagonus and dermace ... | 2014 | 24802869 |
| role of wildlife in the epidemiology of leishmania infantum infection in europe. | although dogs are considered the main reservoir of leishmania infantum infection in endemic areas in europe, the existence of other wild vertebrate reservoirs has been proposed as a possible cause of the lack of success of control measures. evidence of l. infantum infection in european wildlife has been reported in carnivores, lagomorphs, and rodents. the red fox (vulpes vulpes) received most attention, probably due to its taxonomic relationship with the dog and because it is the most abundant w ... | 2014 | 24804923 |
| aujeszky's disease in red fox (vulpes vulpes): phylogenetic analysis unravels an unexpected epidemiologic link. | we describe aujeszky's disease in a female of red fox (vulpes vulpes). although wild boar (sus scrofa) would be the expected source of infection, phylogenetic analysis suggested a domestic rather than a wild source of virus, underscoring the importance of biosecurity measures in pig farms to prevent contact with wild animals. | 2014 | 24807353 |
| red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in romania are carriers of toxoplasma gondii but not neospora caninum. | brain samples from 182 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from romania were examined using a standard pcr technique. results provide evidence of toxoplasma gondii (11 foxes=6.0%) and neospora caninum (1 fox=0.5%) dna in red foxes from romania. no coinfections were found. | 2014 | 24807364 |
| dirofilaria immitis: an emerging parasite in dogs, red foxes and golden jackals in hungary. | hungary was not considered to be a heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) endemic country until 2007, when the first autochthonous canine infection was described. herein we report additional autochthonous heartworm infections in two dogs (canis familiaris), twenty red foxes (vulpes vulpes) (n=534; prevalence: 3.7%; 95% ci=2.4-5.7%) and two golden jackals (canis aureus) (n=27; prevalence: 7.4%; 95% ci=2.1-23.4%) coming from eight counties. the identification of the parasite was based on morphology, morp ... | 2014 | 24810374 |
| microsatellite polymorphism and its association with body weight and selected morphometrics of farm red fox (vulpes vulpes l.). | polymorphism of 30 canine-derived microsatellites was studied in a group of 200 red foxes kept on 2 polish farms. 22 out of 30 microsatellites were selected to study association between marker genotypes and body weight (bw), body length (bl), body circumference (bc), tail length (tl), ear height (eh), length of the right front limb (frll), length of the right rear limb (rrll), length of the right front foot (frfl) and length of the right rear foot (rrfl). a total of 112 alleles and 243 genotypes ... | 2014 | 24819338 |
| an invasive vector of zoonotic disease sustained by anthropogenic resources: the raccoon dog in northern europe. | the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) is an introduced species in europe with a continually expanding range. since the species is capable of affecting local ecosystems and is a vector for a number of severe zoonotic diseases, it is important to understand its food habits. raccoon dog diet was studied in estonia by examining the contents of 223 stomach samples collected during the coldest period of the year, august to march, in 2010-2012. the most frequently consumed food categories were ant ... | 2014 | 24852942 |
| environmental determinants of the spatial distribution of trichinella britovi and trichinella spiralis in hungary. | trichinella spiralis and trichinella britovi are the two most common species of the genus trichinella persisting in the european wildlife. to investigate the spatial distribution of these trichinella spp. and the factors influencing their circulation in hungary, 3304 red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and 0.29 million wild boars (sus scrofa) were tested for trichinella sp. infection in hungary from 2006 to 2013. trichinella spp. larvae from 68 (2.06%) foxes and 44 (0.015%) wild boars were identified by a ... | 2014 | 24867274 |
| fluoride in the bones of foxes (vulpes vulpes linneaus, 1758) and raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides gray, 1834) from north-western poland. | assessment of exposure to fluoride (f(-)) is increasingly focused on mineralized tissues, mainly bones. their periodic growth and continuous reconstruction make them a good material for studying long-term f(-) accumulation. in this study, f(-)concentrations were determined in the bones of foxes and raccoon dogs from north-western poland and relationships between bone f(-) and the age categories of the animals were attempted to be identified. bone samples were collected from femurs of 32 foxes (1 ... | 2014 | 24869802 |
| laboratory assessment of sensitive molecular tools for detection of low levels of echinococcus multilocularis-eggs in fox (vulpes vulpes) faeces. | in endemic areas with very low infection prevalence, the frequency and intensity of echinococcus multilocularis can be extremely low. this necessitates efficient, specific and sensitive molecular tools. we wanted to compare the existing molecular tools, used in the norwegian national surveillance programme, and compare these with new techniques for detection of this zoonotic pathogen in fox faeces. here we present the results of screening samples containing a known level of e. multilocularis egg ... | 2014 | 24885321 |
| viral metagenomic analysis of feces of wild small carnivores. | recent studies have clearly demonstrated the enormous virus diversity that exists among wild animals. this exemplifies the required expansion of our knowledge of the virus diversity present in wildlife, as well as the potential transmission of these viruses to domestic animals or humans. | 2014 | 24886057 |
| strain differences in mouse response to odours of predators. | sexually mature male mice of three different strains (cd-1 outbred, cba, and c57bi/6j inbred) were exposed in an arena to a small black cylinder (35 mm film container), filled with faeces of either a mouse predator (red fox, vulpes vulpes) or a non-predator (rabbit, oryctolagus cuniculus) during a 3 min test. control animals were given an empty container. locomotor activity and behavioural responses in the arena were scored. hot-plate response (50 ± 0.5°c) was measured 15 min before and immediat ... | 1994 | 24895975 |
| habitat richness affects home range size in the red fox vulpes vulpes. | the spatial behaviour of the red fox vulpes vulpes shows a great flexibility (voigt and macdonald, 1984). home range size varies from 10 to over 5000 ha (macdonald, 1987; voigt, 1987). in carnivores, variations in home range size, weighed for body mass (gittleman and harvey, 1982), are largely related to differences in habitat productivity, but the intraspecific local variation in home range size can be only partially explained by differences in productivity. macdonald (1981, 1983) suggested tha ... | 1996 | 24896422 |
| disseminated mycobacterium bovis infection in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) with cerebral involvement found in portugal. | a total of 49 road-killed red foxes were used for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc) in portugal. mtc infection was detected by pcr in 10 red foxes (20.4%; 95% confidence interval [ci] 8.8-31.2%) and confirmed in three (6.1%; 95% ci 0.0-7.9%) of them by microbiological culture. the complex was detected in 20 tissues out of 441 by pcr techniques (4.5%; 95% ci 16.3-23.7%) and in seven tissues out of 441 (1.6%; 95% ci 4.6-9.4%) by culture. mtc was most frequently detected in ... | 2014 | 24901256 |
| bottom-up and top-down processes interact to modify intraguild interactions in resource-pulse environments. | top predators are declining globally, in turn allowing populations of smaller predators, or mesopredators, to increase and potentially have negative effects on biodiversity. however, detection of interactions among sympatric predators can be complicated by fluctuations in the background availability of resources in the environment, which may modify both the numbers of predators and the strengths of their interactions. here, we first present a conceptual framework that predicts how top-down and b ... | 2014 | 24908053 |
| how does a carnivore guild utilise a substantial but unpredictable anthropogenic food source? scavenging on hunter-shot ungulate carcasses by wild dogs/dingoes, red foxes and feral cats in south-eastern australia revealed by camera traps. | there is much interest in understanding how anthropogenic food resources subsidise carnivore populations. carcasses of hunter-shot ungulates are a potentially substantial food source for mammalian carnivores. the sambar deer (rusa unicolor) is a large (≥ 150 kg) exotic ungulate that can be hunted throughout the year in south-eastern australia, and hunters are not required to remove or bury carcasses. we investigated how wild dogs/dingoes and their hybrids (canis lupus familiaris/dingo), red foxe ... | 2014 | 24918425 |
| a comparison of facial color pattern and gazing behavior in canid species suggests gaze communication in gray wolves (canis lupus). | as facial color pattern around the eyes has been suggested to serve various adaptive functions related to the gaze signal, we compared the patterns among 25 canid species, focusing on the gaze signal, to estimate the function of facial color pattern in these species. the facial color patterns of the studied species could be categorized into the following three types based on contrast indices relating to the gaze signal: a-type (both pupil position in the eye outline and eye position in the face ... | 2014 | 24918751 |
| changes in the distribution of red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in urban areas in great britain: findings and limitations of a media-driven nationwide survey. | urbanization is one of the major forms of habitat alteration occurring at the present time. although this is typically deleterious to biodiversity, some species flourish within these human-modified landscapes, potentially leading to negative and/or positive interactions between people and wildlife. hence, up-to-date assessment of urban wildlife populations is important for developing appropriate management strategies. surveying urban wildlife is limited by land partition and private ownership, r ... | 2014 | 24919063 |
| early experience with the farm environment and effects on later behaviour in silver vulpes vulpes and blue foxes alopex lagopus. | seventy-one silver fox and 141 blue fox cubs were exposed to constant visual contact with the farm environment from the age of 2 to 8 weeks. the exposure consisted in opening a door in the nest box facing the feed gang-way. control cubs (33 silver and 77 blue foxes) were reared in similar but closed nest boxes. all cubs were tested at the age of 12-16 weeks and again at the age of 23-28 weeks; during these tests the behavioural responses of the foxes towards a human being were recorded. both tes ... | 1991 | 24923975 |
| effects of whole-year nest boxes on cortisol, circulating leucocytes, exploration and agonistic behaviour in silver foxes. | an experiment was carried out for a period of 2 years, using 50 silver fox vixens kept in cages with nest boxes, and 50 vixens kept in barren wire cages without any sort of equipment. at the end of the experiment, the animals living with access to nest boxes had lower base levels of cortisol and eosinophils, and higher base levels of lymphocytes. they also were less fearful towards humans and more active/ explorative in an open field test. it was concluded that these animals were less stressed t ... | 1991 | 24923976 |
| choice of side of resting position in vulpes vulpes (l.). | in fifteen foxes held under laboratory conditions all behaviour data recorded were tested according to the foxes' resting positions and especially as to the direction in which the body lay curled up (to the right or the left). 29 055 single items of data could be extracted and processed statistically. all individuals taken together show a significant preference for the right direction in the resting position. if the data are separated according to sex the statistical significance is restricted t ... | 1979 | 24924979 |
| a continental scale trophic cascade from wolves through coyotes to foxes. | top-down processes, via the direct and indirect effects of interspecific competitive killing (no consumption of the kill) or intraguild predation (consumption of the kill), can potentially influence the spatial distribution of terrestrial predators, but few studies have demonstrated the phenomenon at a continental scale. for example, in north america, grey wolves canis lupus are known to kill coyotes canis latrans, and coyotes, in turn, may kill foxes vulpes spp., but the spatial effects of thes ... | 2015 | 24930631 |
| intestinal helminths of golden jackals and red foxes from tunisia. | forty wild canids including 31 golden jackals (canis aureus linné, 1758) and 9 red foxes (vulpes vulpes linné, 1758) collected between 2008 and 2011 in the northeast, northwest and center of tunisia were necropsied and examined for intestinal helminth parasites. all jackals and foxes were found infected with a prevalence rate of 95% for cestodes, 82.5% for nematodes and 7.5% for acanthocephalans. a total of twelve helminth species were recorded in red foxes: cestodes, dipylidium caninum (55.6%), ... | 2014 | 24938826 |
| first findings and prevalence of adult heartworms (dirofilaria immitis) in wild carnivores from serbia. | heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) is a parasitic roundworm that causes a zoonotic disease known as dirofilariosis. little is known about the role of wild carnivores serving as reservoirs in nature. therefore, we examined 738 hearts and lungs of free ranging wild carnivores from serbia to determine the presence of adult heartworms. during the period 2009-2013, the prevalence in golden jackals (canis aureus) was 7.32%, in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) 1.55%, in wolves (canis lupus) 1.43%, and in wild ca ... | 2014 | 24951168 |
| the influence of habitat structure on genetic differentiation in red fox populations in north-eastern poland. | the red fox (vulpes vulpes) has the widest global distribution among terrestrial carnivore species, occupying most of the northern hemisphere in its native range. because it carries diseases that can be transmitted to humans and domestic animals, it is important to gather information about their movements and dispersal in their natural habitat but it is difficult to do so at a broad scale with trapping and telemetry. in this study, we have described the genetic diversity and structure of red fox ... | 2014 | 24954926 |
| "reversed" intraguild predation: red fox cubs killed by pine marten. | camera traps deployed at a badger meles meles set in mixed pine forest in north-eastern poland recorded interspecific killing of red fox vulpes vulpes cubs by pine marten martes martes. the vixen and her cubs settled in the set at the beginning of may 2013, and it was abandoned by the badgers shortly afterwards. five fox cubs were recorded playing in front of the den each night. ten days after the first recording of the foxes, a pine marten was filmed at the set; it arrived in the morning, made ... | 2014 | 24954928 |
| first molecular evidence of hepatozoon canis infection in red foxes and golden jackals from hungary. | recently, hepatozoon canis infection has been detected among shepherd, hunting and stray dogs in the southern part of hungary, which is considered to be free of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato and close to the border with croatia. the aim of this study was to acquire information on the possibility that red foxes and/or golden jackals could play a role in the appearance and spread of h. canis in hungary. | 2014 | 24985073 |