Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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| differential effects of 6-ohda lesions of the frontal cortex and caudate nucleus on the ability to acquire an attentional set. | evidence from both human and animal studies indicates that catecholamine (dopamine and noradrenaline) imbalances in the fronto-striatal circuitry are associated with deficits in higher- order cognitive functions. the present study examined how catecholamines within this circuitry modulate attentional function, specifically the ability to develop, maintain, and shift an attentional set. catecholamine depletions within the frontal cortex of the common marmoset impaired the ability to acquire an at ... | 2001 | 11590111 |
| comparison of androgen receptor and oestrogen receptor beta immunoexpression in the testes of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) from birth to adulthood: low androgen receptor immunoexpression in sertoli cells during the neonatal increase in testosterone concentrations. | the aims of this study were: (i) to investigate the cellular immunoexpression of androgen receptor and oestrogen receptor beta in the testes of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) during neonatal life compared with their expression at later ages; (ii) to establish whether neonatal marmoset sertoli cells are targets for androgens or oestrogens or both; and (iii) to investigate the relationship between neonatal plasma testosterone concentrations and androgen receptor immunoexpression by aboli ... | 2001 | 11597306 |
| characterization of the expressed immunoglobulin ighv repertoire in the new world marmoset callithrix jacchus. | the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus jacchus) is a member of the callithrichinae, a family of outbred new world primates with limited mhc polymorphisms and a propensity to develop spontaneous or experimentally induced autoimmunity. c. jacchus marmosets are susceptible to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae), and spontaneously develop autoimmune colitis and thyroiditis. such disease models approximate the complexity of human autoimmune disorders, and allow an investigation of the resp ... | 2001 | 11685468 |
| subtoxic hepatic vitamin a concentrations in captive rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). | although the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) is a widely used experimental animal, its exact vitamin a requirement is unknown. an amount of 430-3600 iu/d [129-1080 retinol equivalents (re)] is recommended, largely on the basis of depletion studies. normal hepatic vitamin a appears to be 1 micromol/g liver. our goal was to determine hepatic vitamin a concentrations of captive monkeys. liver autopsy samples from rhesus and marmoset (callithrix jacchus) monkeys were obtained from the wisconsin regio ... | 2001 | 11694616 |
| methylmercury poisoning in common marmosets--a study of selective vulnerability within the cerebral cortex. | neuropathological lesions found in chronic human minamata disease tend to be localized in the calcarine cortex of occipital lobes, the pre- and postcentral lobuli, and the temporal gyri. the mechanism for the selective vulnerability is still not clear, though several hypotheses have been proposed. one hypothesis is vascular and postulates that the lesions are the result of ischemia secondary to compression of sulcal arteries from methylmercury-induced cerebral edema. to test this hypothesis, we ... | 2001 | 11695574 |
| monoamine oxidase-inhibition and mptp-induced neurotoxicity in the non-human primate: comparison of rasagiline (tvp 1012) with selegiline. | the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) has been shown to induce parkinsonism in man and non-human primates. monoamine-oxidase b (mao-b) has been reported to be implicated in both mptp-induced parkinsonism and parkinson's disease, since selegiline (l-deprenyl), an irreversible mao-b inhibitor, prevents mptp-induced neurotoxicity in numerous species including mice, goldfish and drosophyla. however, one disadvantage of this substance relates to its metabolism to (-)-meth ... | 2001 | 11716151 |
| nafenopin-, ciprofibroyl-, and palmitoyl-coa conjugation in vitro: kinetic and molecular characterization of marmoset liver microsomes and expressed mlcl1. | acyl-coa conjugation of xenobiotic carboxylic acids is catalyzed by hepatic microsomal long-chain fatty acid coa ligases (lcl, ec 6.2.1.3). marmosets (callithrix jacchus) are considered genetically closer to humans than rodents and are used in pharmacological and toxicological studies. we have demonstrated that marmoset liver microsomes catalyze nafenopin-, ciprofibroyl-, and palmitoyl-coa conjugation and that only palmitoyl-coa conjugation is significantly upregulated (1.7-fold, p < 0.02) by a ... | 2001 | 11716462 |
| the contraceptive potential of zp3 and zp3 peptides in a primate model. | it has been known for some time that antibodies raised against zp3, the major component of the glycoprotein shell that surrounds all mammalian oocytes, can successfully inhibit sperm-egg interaction in vitro. in our own studies using the non-human primate callithrix jacchus, active immunisation was successfully achieved when homologous or heterologous zp3 was used as an immunogen. however this long-term suppression of fertility was at the expense of ovarian function. an ovarian pathology was obs ... | 2002 | 11730908 |
| investigation of the sleep electrocorticogram of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) using radiotelemetry. | to evaluate the use of a totally implantable radiotelemetry system for recording the sleep electrocorticogram (ecog) of a small new world primate, the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) without restraint during data collection. | 2001 | 11738198 |
| vascularization in the primate visual cortex during development. | we studied the relationship between vascularization and neuronal activity in the visual cortex during postnatal development in the primate. analyses were focused on layer ivc that displays a sequential pattern of maturation for the magno- and parvocellular systems in separate sublayers, respectively ivc alpha and ivc beta. cytochrome oxidase and endogenous alkaline phosphatase histochemistry was used to analyse, on the same sections, the laminar patterns of cortical activity and vessel density i ... | 2002 | 11739267 |
| an extensive monoclonal antibody panel for the phenotyping of leukocyte subsets in the common marmoset and the cotton-top tamarin. | new world monkeys are valuable animal models to study human diseases. to determine the phenotype of cells involved in immune responses, we used flow cytometry to screen a large panel of anti-human monoclonal antibodies (mab) for cross-reactivity with cells of the common marmoset and the cotton-top tamarin. certain antigens (e.g., cd2, cd8, cd20) are well conserved. however, cd10, cd23, and cd33 showed a clear discrepancy in their reaction patterns in both species, indicating that significant dif ... | 2001 | 11746099 |
| rabies in marmosets (callithrix jacchus), ceará, brazil. | a new rabies virus variant, with no close antigenic or genetic relationship to any known rabies variants found in bats or terrestrial mammals in the americas, was identified in association with human rabies cases reported from the state of ceará, brazil, from 1991 to 1998. the marmoset, callithrix jacchus acchus, was determined to be the source of exposure. | 2001 | 11747745 |
| experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the new world monkey callithrix jacchus. | models that adequately reflect the complexity of human multiple sclerosis (ms) are needed, especially for preclinical testing of immunomodulatory drugs. our group has created a unique experimental system in a new world outbred primate, the common marmoset callithrix jacchus (c. jacchus). following immunization with myelin, these monkeys develop a chronic, relapsing-remitting form of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae), which pathologically recapitulates the hallmark features of lesions ... | 2001 | 11782255 |
| development and validation of a new monoclonal antibody to mammalian aromatase. | the biosynthesis of oestrogens from androgens is catalysed by the aromatase complex, an essential component of which is the aromatase cytochrome p450 (p450 arom) protein. expression of a functional p450 arom is essential for normal fertility in males and females and the sequence of the protein is highly conserved. we have raised a new monoclonal antibody against a conserved peptide and validated it on fixed tissue sections of the rat, common marmoset (callthrix jacchus) and human. the monoclonal ... | 2002 | 11786371 |
| cortical and thalamic connections of the parietal ventral somatosensory area in marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus). | microelectrode mapping methods were used to define the parietal ventral somatosensory area (pv) on the upper bank of the lateral sulcus in five marmosets (callithrix jacchus). in the same animals, neuroanatomical tracers were placed into electrophysiologically identified sites in pv and/or the second somatosensory area (s2). foci of anterograde and retrograde label were related to electrophysiological maps of cortical areas and cortical and thalamic architecture. the results lead to the followin ... | 2002 | 11793354 |
| variation in circulating and excreted estradiol associated with testicular activity in male marmosets. | concentrations of estradiol (e2) are high in the urine of male marmosets, and links between e2 and paternal behavior have been proposed in black tufted-ear marmosets, callithrix kuhlii. however, it is not clear whether urinary e2 in male marmosets: 1) represents production of e2 associated with testicular activity, 2) is associated with adrenal steroid production, or 3) merely reflects peripheral conversion of t to e2 prior to excretion. we tested the hypothesis that urinary e2 in male marmosets ... | 2002 | 11793411 |
| does the milk of callitrichid monkeys differ from that of larger anthropoids? | the generalization that anthropoid primates produce dilute milks that are low in protein and energy is based primarily on data from large monkeys of the families cebidae and cercopithecidae, as well as humans. the marmosets and tamarins (callitrichidae) are not only much smaller in body size, but also typically raise multiple offspring during a relatively brief lactation. we hypothesized that selection for small body size and high reproductive rate might favor secretion of milk of higher energy ... | 2002 | 11793418 |
| [horizontal transmission of live attenuated hepatitis a vaccine virus]. | to investigate the horizontal transmission of virus after inoculation with live attenuated hepatitis a vaccine. | 2001 | 11798919 |
| the nucleotide sequences of the parathyroid gene in primates (suborder anthropoidea). | nucleotide sequences of the parathyroid (pth) gene of 12 species of primates belonging to suborder anthropoidea were examined. the pth gene contains one intron that separates two exons that code the sequence of prepro and pth, respectively. the intron of the pth gene in cebus apella, callithrix jacchus, and saguinus oedipus was 102 bp long, whereas a 103-bp intron was observed in the remaining species. phylogenetic analysis using the nucleotide sequences of pth revealed that these 12 species of ... | 2002 | 11825036 |
| development of pituitary-adrenal endocrine function in the marmoset monkey: infant hypercortisolism is the norm. | early life stress, involving activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) system, is associated with altered functioning of stress-related systems in adulthood. in the rat, postnatal development is characterized by low basal hpa activity and stress hyporesponsiveness, and infant exposure to atypical glucocorticoid levels leads to chronic alteration of hpa function and hpa-dependent peripheral and central processes. there have been few studies of primate hpa ontogeny, and here we report ... | 2002 | 11836307 |
| amyloid-beta deposits in the cerebral cortex of the aged common marmoset (callithrix jacchus): incidence and chemical composition. | the incidence, distribution and chemical composition of amyloid-beta (a beta) peptide-positive deposits were investigated in the lower primate species common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). no a beta deposits were observed in the brains of 7 marmosets below 7 years of age. in 15 marmosets above 7 years, 60% displayed cortical a beta-immunoreactive plaques, 80% had a beta deposited in intracortical vessels and 87% displayed a beta deposits in meningeal vessels. the cerebral cortex of the oldest an ... | 2002 | 11837747 |
| molecular cytotaxonomy of new world monkeys (platyrrhini) - comparative analysis of five species by multi-color chromosome painting gives evidence for a classification of callimico goeldii within the family of callitrichidae. | chromosome rearrangements are considered as "rare genomic changes" and can provide useful markers and even landmarks for reconstructing phylogenies complementary to dna sequence data and bio-morphological comparisons. here, we applied multi-directional chromosome painting to reconstruct the chromosome phylogeny and evolutionary relationships among the new world monkey (platyrrhini) species callithrix argentata, cebuella pygmaea, saguinus oedipus, callithrix jacchus and callimico goeldii. the res ... | 2001 | 11856883 |
| increased cannabinoid cb1 receptor binding and activation of gtp-binding proteins in the basal ganglia of patients with parkinson's syndrome and of mptp-treated marmosets. | recent evidence obtained in rat models of parkinson's disease showed that the density of cannabinoid cb1 receptors and their endogenous ligands increase in basal ganglia. however, no data exists from post-mortem brain of humans affected by parkinson's disease or from primate models of the disorder. in the present study, we examined cb1 receptor binding and the magnitude of the stimulation by win55,212-2, a specific cb1 receptor agonist, of [35s]gtpgammas binding to membrane fractions from the ba ... | 2001 | 11860478 |
| hemochorial placentation in the primate: expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietins, and their receptors throughout pregnancy. | vascular development and its transformation are necessary for successful hemochorial placentation, and vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), angiopoietins, and their receptors may be involved in the molecular regulation of this process. to determine the potential role of these putative regulators in a widely studied primate, the common marmoset, we investigated their mrna expression and protein location in the placenta throughout pregnancy using in situ hybridization, northern blot analysis ... | 2002 | 11870089 |
| marmoset fine b cell and t cell epitope specificities mapped onto a homology model of the extracellular domain of human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. | aberrant association of autoantibodies with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (mog), an integral membrane protein of the central nervous system (cns) myelin, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (ms). sensitization of nonhuman primates (callithrix jacchus marmosets) against the nonglycosylated, recombinant n-terminal domain of rat mog (residues 1-125) reproduces an ms-like disease in which mog-specific autoantibodies directly mediate demyelination. to assess the interr ... | 2002 | 11895369 |
| tardive dyskinesia model in the common marmoset. | thirteen adult common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) were given once-monthly injections of haloperidol decanoate (5-15 mg/kg i.m.) for one year. thereafter, drug-free and treatment periods alternated at 3-month intervals. after 2.5 to 14 months, 12 monkeys showed symptoms of tardive dyskinesia (td), such as periocular and perioral twitchings, tongue protrusions, masticatory movements, and choreic movements in arms and legs. when td symptoms were evident, the periodic treatment was interrupted an ... | 2002 | 11921124 |
| relations among measures of body composition, age, and sex in the common marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus). | few studies of body composition have been done in new world primates. in the study reported here, four methods of assessing body composition (body weight, anthropometry, labeled-water dilution, and total body electroconductivity) were compared in 20 marmosets, aged 0.96 to 7.97 years. males and females did not differ in any measure (p > 0.05). body weight ranged from 272 to 466 g, and body fat estimates varied from 1.6 to 19.5%. strong positive correlations were observed between total body water ... | 2001 | 11924775 |
| representation of spectral and temporal envelope of twitter vocalizations in common marmoset primary auditory cortex. | cortical sensitivity in representations of behaviorally relevant complex input signals was examined in recordings from primary auditory cortical neurons (ai) in adult, barbiturate-anesthetized common marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus). we studied the robustness of distributed responses to natural and degraded forms of twitter calls, social contact vocalizations comprising several quasi-periodic phrases of frequency and am. we recorded neuronal responses to a monkey's own twitter call (moc), d ... | 2002 | 11929894 |
| experimental hepatitis a virus (hav) infection in callithrix jacchus: early detection of hav antigen and viral fate. | common marmosets (callithrixjacchus) were orally inoculated with a brazilian strain (haf-203) of hepatitis a virus (hay). three monkeys were euthanized at postinoculation hours 6, 12 and 24 to investigate the early events of hav infection. following others three inoculated and one control marmosets remained throughout the 46 day to evaluation of viral excretion. different samples were collected to detect sequential presence of hav rna by nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt ... | 2002 | 11930901 |
| the distribution of presumptive thoracic paraganglionic tissue in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | the aortic-pulmonary regions (apr) of seven adult marmosets (callithrix jacchus) and the region of the right subclavian artery of a further three marmosets were diffusion-fixed with 10% buffered formol-saline solution. in both regions serial 5 microm sections were cut and stained by the martius yellow, brilliant crystal scarlet and soluble blue method. presumptive thoracic paraganglionic (ptp) tissue was only observed in the apr. ptp tissue was composed of small groups of cells that varied in si ... | 2002 | 11960192 |
| molecular cloning of three nonhuman primate follicle stimulating hormone beta-subunit cdnas. | the follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) beta-subunit cdnas were cloned and sequenced for an old world primate, the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta), and two new world primates, the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) and pygmy marmoset (cebuella pygmaea). the cdna and predicted amino acid sequences of the rhesus monkey fsh beta-subunit were related most closely to the human fsh beta-subunit (> 96% identity). the common and pygmy marmosets have identical fsh beta-subunit cdnas, whereas the marmoset ... | 2001 | 11990528 |
| the evolution of neuroendocrine mechanisms regulating sexual behaviour in female primates. | the common marmoset is a small new world primate that lives in extended family groups. female marmosets show rhythmic changes in proceptivity during their 28-day ovarian cycle, but fluctuations in sexual receptivity are relatively subtle. receptivity persists even after ovariectomy and adrenalectomy in the female marmoset. in the intact female, increases in proceptivity at mid cycle are due to the activational effects of oestradiol. treatment of the ovariectomized female with oestradiol-17beta s ... | 2001 | 11999311 |
| working memory of action: a comparative study of ability to selecting response based on previous action in new world monkeys (saimiri sciureus and callithrix jacchus). | working memory of the outcome of one's own action is important for organizing and learning appropriate behaviors in a given condition. to examine whether non-human primates with different neocortical sizes show different abilities regarding working memory for action, the performance of squirrel monkeys (saimiri sciureus) and common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) in a kind of delayed-response task was compared. in this task, subjects were required to select a response based on short-term memory o ... | 2002 | 12044691 |
| development of telemetry system in the common marmoset--cardiovascular effects of astemizole and nicardipine. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate a telemetry system for examining the cardiovascular system in the conscious common marmoset. parameters obtained were blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, ecg, body temperature and locomotor activity, and these were continuously recorded on a data recorder via the telemetry system and then processed by a computerized system. diurnal rhythms of blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature and locomotor activity were observed in this system. we st ... | 2002 | 12058448 |
| parental failure in captive common marmosets (callithrix jacchus): a comparison with tamarins. | 2006 | 12065940 | |
| prevention of thecal angiogenesis, antral follicular growth, and ovulation in the primate by treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor trap r1r2. | this study was designed to investigate the effects of inhibition of thecal angiogenesis on follicular development in the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus). to inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), a soluble combined truncated form of the fms-like tyrosine kinase (flt) and kinase insert domain-containing receptor (kdr) receptor fused to igg (vegf trap r1r2) was administered for 10 d during the follicular phase of the cycle. changes in angiogenesis and follicular cell proliferation ... | 2002 | 12072415 |
| characterization of an epstein-barr virus-related gammaherpesvirus from common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | a gammaherpesvirus related to epstein-barr virus (ebv; human herpesvirus 4) infects otherwise healthy common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). long-term culture of common marmoset peripheral blood lymphocytes resulted in outgrowth of spontaneously immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines, primarily of b cell lineage. electron microscopy of cells and supernatants showed herpesvirus particles. there were high rates of serological cross-reactivity to other herpesviruses (68-86%), but with very low geom ... | 2002 | 12075080 |
| the actions of a d-1 agonist in mptp treated primates show dependence on both d-1 and d-2 receptor function and tolerance on repeated administration. | the potent and long acting d-1 receptor agonist, a-77636 reverses motor deficits in mptp treated common marmosets following subcutaneous or oral administration. we now explore the effects of acute versus repeated administration of a-77636 and the relative roles of d-1 and d-2 receptor involvement in its antiparkinsonian actions. acute oral administration (0.18-9.0 mg/kg) or subcutaneous administration (0.036-1.08 mg/kg) of a-77636 produced well co-ordinated bouts of discontinuous locomotor activ ... | 2002 | 12075853 |
| early deprivation and behavioral and physiological responses to social separation/novelty in the marmoset. | long-term effects of adverse early environment on neurobehavioral development have been reported for rodents and primates. the present study used daily early deprivation (ed), a paradigm developed for rats, for the first time in a nonhuman primate, the common marmoset, and investigated its effects on the behavioral and physiological responses to social separation/novelty (ssn) challenge tests in juveniles. on postnatal days (pnds) 2-28, infants (n=5 twin pairs) were removed from the parents and ... | 2002 | 12076744 |
| puzzle feeders and gum feeders as environmental enrichment for common marmosets. | common marmosets (callithrix jacchus jacchus) are highly social new world monkeys that consume a principally gummivorous and insectivorous diet. we examined the efficacy of two types of foraging devices, puzzle-feeders(tm) and gum feeders, as environmental enrichment for marmosets housed singly (n = 16) or in sibling (n = 4) and heterosexual (n = 8) pairs. in experiment 1, marmosets were exposed to each of the two types of foraging devices for three hours, once per week for two weeks. thirty-min ... | 1999 | 12086412 |
| immortalisation of ovarian granulosa and theca cells of the marmoset monkey calllithrix jacchus. | in view of the increasing need for laboratory primates in biomedical research it is desirable to develop appropriate primate-specific cell culture models that could prevent or significantly reduce the increasing use of primary cultures and experiments with living animals. follicular granulosa and theca cells are essential for the control of hormone-dependent processes such as the ovarian cycle and pregnancy, but also for the occurrence of hormone-dependent diseases. for this reason it is of grea ... | 2002 | 12096332 |
| functional domains in dorsal striatum of the nonhuman primate are defined by the dynamic behavior of dopamine. | the dorsal striatum comprises a continuum of distinct functional domains, limbic, associative, and sensorimotor. in the primate it exclusively subdivides further into two nuclei, the putamen and caudate. dopamine (da) transmission is differentially affected between these nuclei in neurodegenerative diseases such as parkinson's and by psychostimulants such as cocaine. because rodent systems can offer only limited insight into da systems of the human brain, a fuller appreciation of da transmission ... | 2002 | 12097522 |
| low doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin increase transforming growth factor beta and cause myocardial fibrosis in marmosets ( callithrix jacchus). | epidemiological studies have suggested an association between exposure to dioxins and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. however, cardiotoxic effects of low doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (tcdd) in animals have not been reported so far. we studied the hearts of male marmosets ( callithrix jacchus)after treatment with single subcutaneous doses of 1, 10 or 100 ng tcdd/kg body weight or vehicle (toluene/dmso 1+2 v/v, 100 microl/kg body weight). the animals were killed 2 or 4 wee ... | 2002 | 12107654 |
| the concept of species and the foundations of biology, a case study: the callithrix jacchus group (primates-platyrrhini). | the axiomatic theory presented in galleni and forti [1999], being part of the foundational programme of ennio de giorgi, is based on the fundamental notions of quality, relation, operation and collection, and provides a very general axiomatization of the biological notions of living object, generation, species and speciation. within this theoretical framework we consider here a difficult case of classification of species: the callithrix jacchus group of the new world monkeys. although the morpho ... | 2002 | 12109272 |
| morphine administration selectively facilitates social play in common marmosets. | common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) form extended families, and several cohorts of young may reside together. play is shown extensively among the offspring. we hypothesized that opiate activity modulates social play, and predicted that administration of morphine (0.5 mg/kg) would facilitate social play, whereas pretreatment with naloxone (0.5 mg/kg) would block morphine's effects. morphine administration was associated with significantly increased social play, and the effect of morphine was at ... | 2002 | 12115289 |
| evaluation of radioiodinated 5-iodo-3-(2(s)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine as a ligand for spect investigations of brain nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | 5-iodo-3-(2(s)-azetidinylmethoxy)pyridine (5ia), an a-85380 analog iodinated at the 5-position of the pyridine ring, was evaluated as a radiopharmaceutical for investigating brain nicotinic acethylcholine receptors (nachrs) by single photon emission computed tomography (spect). [123/125i]5ia was synthesized by the iododestannylation reaction under no-carrier-added conditions and purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with high radiochemical yield (50%), high radiochemical puri ... | 2002 | 12126044 |
| extensive mhc-dqb variation in humans and non-human primate species. | non-human primates are often used in biomedical research, and the application of these animals as a model in immune-related diseases necessitates the characterisation of their mhc system. in particular, the mhc class ii regions of the chimpanzee (pan troglodytes), the rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta)and the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) have been subject of molecular biological studies in recent years. in this study the emphasis was on mhc class ii genes of another macaque species, macaca ... | 2002 | 12136334 |
| identification of v1r-like putative pheromone receptor sequences in non-human primates. characterization of v1r pseudogenes in marmoset, a primate species that possesses an intact vomeronasal organ. | the vomeronasal organ (vno) is responsible in terrestrial vertebrates for the sensory perception of some pheromones, chemicals that elicit characteristic behaviors among individuals of the same species. two multigene families (v1r, v2r) that encode proteins with seven putative transmembrane domains that are expressed selectively in different neuron subsets of the vno have been described in rodents. pheromone-induced behaviors and a functional vno have been described in a number of mammals, but t ... | 2002 | 12142329 |
| islet hyperplasia in callitrichids. | five callitrichids (three common marmosets -callithrix jacchus -, a black tufted-eared marmoset -c. penicillata-, and a saddle-back tamarin -saguinus fuscicollis) were diagnosed with islet hyperplasia by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. all were privately-owned, unrelated callitrichids ranging from 2- to 4-year-old. relevant findings were anorexia (3/5), vomiting (2/5), ptyalism (1/5), polyuria/polydipsia (1/5), respiratory distress (1/5), hyperglycemia (2/3) and glycosuria (1/1); hyperg ... | 2002 | 12145399 |
| behavioral and cardiophysiological responses of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) to social and environmental changes. | under captive conditions common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) show socially monogamous propensities. male and female form a social bond as characterized by signs of behavioral arousal during separation of the pairmates, high levels of affiliative interactions between pairmates and agonistic responses towards strange conspecifics. in the present study behavioral and cardiophysiological responses of mated individuals of common marmosets were recorded while the animals were in an unfamiliar enviro ... | 2002 | 12145401 |
| diurnal rhythms in intraocular pressure, axial length, and choroidal thickness in a primate model of eye growth, the common marmoset. | in chickens, there are circadian rhythms in axial length, choroidal thickness, and intraocular pressure (iop), the phases of which differ, depending on visual manipulations that alter ocular growth rate. in this study, these same rhythms were sought in the common marmoset, a primate model of eye growth, to establish whether these may play a role in ocular growth regulation across species. | 2002 | 12147579 |
| sense of taste in a new world monkey, the common marmoset: recordings from the chorda tympani and glossopharyngeal nerves. | whole nerve, as well as single fiber, responses in the chorda tympani proper (ct) and glossopharyngeal (ng) nerves of common marmosets were recorded during taste stimulation with three salts, four acids, six bitter compounds and more than 30 sweeteners. we recorded responses of 49 ct and 41 ng taste fibers. the hierarchical cluster analysis distinguished three major clusters in both ct and ng: s, q, and h. the s(ct) fibers, 38% of all ct fibers, responded only to sweeteners. the s(ct) fibers did ... | 2002 | 12163511 |
| blockade of hiv-1 infection of new world monkey cells occurs primarily at the stage of virus entry. | hiv-1 naturally infects chimpanzees and humans, but does not infect old world monkeys because of replication blocks that occur after virus entry into the cell. to understand the species-specific restrictions operating on hiv-1 infection, the ability of hiv-1 to infect the cells of new world monkeys was examined. primary cells derived from common marmosets and squirrel monkeys support every phase of hiv-1 replication with the exception of virus entry. efficient hiv-1 entry typically requires bind ... | 2002 | 12186836 |
| neonatal behavioral scoring of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus): relation to physical condition and survival. | a seven-task behavioral test was performed on 86 common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) infants, 24-36 h following birth. this report describes the test outcome and its relation to physical condition and survival of the infants. the percentage of infants receiving a perfect score on a given task ranged from 30.6 (rooting) to 70.6% (grasping). heavier infants were more likely to have perfect scores for crawling (f=4.20, p=0.044) and infants with a longer knee-heel length tended to be more likely to ... | 2002 | 12190856 |
| characterisation of the gh gene cluster in a new-world monkey, the marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | in most mammals pituitary gh is encoded by a single gene with no close relatives. however, in man the gh gene has been shown to be one of a cluster of five closely related genes, four of which are expressed in the placenta. rhesus monkey also expresses at least five closely related gh-like genes, although the genomic organisation of these has not been fully reported. here we describe the cloning and characterisation of gh-like genes in a new-world monkey, the marmoset (callithrix jacchus). this ... | 2002 | 12200231 |
| effects of pravastatin sodium on mevalonate metabolism in common marmosets. | in experimental animals and humans, the concentration of serum mevalonate (mva), a direct product of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a (hmg-coa) reductase, is considered to reflect the activity of whole-body sterol synthesis. the relationship between the concentration of serum mva and the activity of sterol synthesis in tissues, however, has not been fully clarified. in the present study, we examined mva metabolism by using pravastatin, a liver-selective inhibitor of hmg-coa reductase, and c ... | 2002 | 12204108 |
| behavioural and immunohistochemical changes following supranigral administration of sonic hedgehog in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated common marmosets. | sonic hedgehog (shh) has trophic actions on dopaminergic cell cultures and protects them from mpp(+) toxicity but its in vivo actions have not been explored. we now investigate the effects of unilateral supranigral administration of shh on nigro-striatal function in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated common marmosets. shh (0.1 or 1.0 microg) or vehicle was stereotaxically injected into the region of the right substantia nigra twice with an interval of 5 weeks between administra ... | 2002 | 12207958 |
| intestinal microbial patterns of the common marmoset and rhesus macaque. | the intestinal microflora of common marmosets and rhesus monkeys were compared by enumerating bacteria from the small and large intestines. rhesus monkeys had a consistent microflora pattern manifest by higher concentrations of total and gram-negative aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria, as well as aerobic and anaerobic lactobacilli, in the large intestine as compared to the small intestine. in contrast, the marmoset microflora were considerably more variable. approximately two-thirds o ... | 2002 | 12208308 |
| striate cortex in dichromatic and trichromatic marmosets: neurochemical compartmentalization and geniculate input. | the superficial layers of primate striate cortex (v1) contain a regular pattern of dense staining for cytochrome oxidase (co) reactivity ("blobs") that receive direct input from the koniocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus. it has been suggested that the blob regions are dedicated to processing color information. here, the neurochemical compartmentalization of blobs and their input from the lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) was measured in marmosets (callithrix jacchus) identified a ... | 2002 | 12209849 |
| transfer of maternally administered fusogenic liposome-dna complexes into monkey fetuses in a pregnancy model. | materno-fetal transfer of intravenously administered liposome-plasmid dna complexes has been demonstrated only in mice. studies on its materno-fetal transfer in the pregnant monkey model is needed because of critical differences in placental structure between primates including humans and rodents. | 2002 | 12221649 |
| dopamine reuptake inhibition and failure to evoke dyskinesia in mptp-treated primates. | nonspecific monoamine reuptake inhibitors reverse motor abnormalities in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp)-treated marmosets without evoking established dyskinesia. however, it is not known whether dopamine reuptake inhibition alone explains these actions or whether noradrenaline and/or serotonin reuptake blockade also contributes. l-dopa (12.5 mg/kg, p.o.) rapidly reversed the baseline locomotor deficits and motor disabilities, but evoked dyskinesia (especially limb chorea) in ... | 2002 | 12231385 |
| the monoamine reuptake blocker brasofensine reverses akinesia without dyskinesia in mptp-treated and levodopa-primed common marmosets. | the common marmoset develops motor deficits after mptp treatment and exhibits dyskinesia after chronic levodopa (l-dopa) dosing and subsequent re-challenge with l-dopa and other dopaminergic agents. we report on the actions of the potent monoamine reuptake blocker brasofensine on motor disability, locomotor activity, and dyskinesia in the 1-methyl-4-1, 2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) -treated marmoset model of parkinson's disease. oral administration of brasofensine (0.25, 0.5, 1.0, or 2.5 mg/kg ... | 2002 | 12360536 |
| repeated administration of piribedil induces less dyskinesia than l-dopa in mptp-treated common marmosets: a behavioural and biochemical investigation. | piribedil ([1-(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)-4-(2-pyrimidinyl)piperazine]; s 4200) is a dopamine agonist with equal affinity for d(2)/d(3) dopamine receptors effective in treating parkinson's disease as monotherapy or as an adjunct to levodopa (l-dopa). however, its ability to prime basal ganglia for the appearance of dyskinesia is unknown. we now report on the ability of repeated administration of piribedil to induce dyskinesia in drug naïve 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) -lesi ... | 2002 | 12360537 |
| central olfactory connections in the microsmatic marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus). | the mammalian primary olfactory system consists of a set of different telencephalic structures, including paleo-, archi-, periarchi- and mesocortical components. we present the first characterisation of the normal and connectional anatomy of the primary olfactory cortex of the common marmoset, a microsmatic simian species increasingly used in primate research. the centrifugal and centripetal bulbar projections were determined by injections of the anterograde and retrograde tracer wheat germ aggl ... | 2002 | 12364829 |
| naloxone reduces levodopa-induced dyskinesias and apomorphine-induced rotations in primate models of parkinsonism. | using in situ hybridization, it was found that subchronic treatment with levodopa/benserazide increased preproenkephalin-a and preproenkephalin-b mrnas in the dopamine-depleted striatum. in order to examine whether dysfunction of the endogenous opioid system may underlie the development of levodopa-induced dyskinesias, the effect of naloxone, an opioid antagonist, on dyskinesias was investigated in two models of parkinsonism in the common marmoset. mptp-treated monkeys were administered a daily ... | 2002 | 12373562 |
| structure, molecular evolution, and gene expression of primate superoxide dismutases. | mn- and cu,zn-superoxide dismutase (sod) cdnas of eight primate species, pan troglodytes, pongo pygmaeus, hylobates lar, macaca fuscata, macaca fascicularis, macaca mulatta, cebus apella, and callithrix jacchus, were cloned. the whole protein-coding sequences were covered, comparing 198 and 153 (or 154) amino acids, for mn- and cu,zn-sods, respectively. residues forming metal ligands were completely conserved in the two primate sods and nucleotide/amino acid substitutions were more frequent in c ... | 2002 | 12383507 |
| complete genomic sequence of an epstein-barr virus-related herpesvirus naturally infecting a new world primate: a defining point in the evolution of oncogenic lymphocryptoviruses. | callitrichine herpesvirus 3 (calhv-3) was isolated from a b-cell lymphoma arising spontaneously in the new world primate callithrix jacchus, the common marmoset. partial genomic sequence analysis definitively identified calhv-3 as a member of the epstein-barr virus (ebv)-related lymphocryptovirus (lcv) genus and extended the known host range of lcvs beyond humans and old world nonhuman primates. we have now completed the first genomic sequence of an lcv infecting a new world primate by describin ... | 2002 | 12414947 |
| acute and repeated treatment with l-dopa increase c-jun expression in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned forebrain of rats and common marmosets. | l-dopa was acutely or repeatedly administered to rats and common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda) denervation of the dopamine inputs to the forebrain. using in situ hybridization it was found that l-dopa-treated animals exhibited a pronounced induction in the gene expression of both c-jun and c-fos in striatum and cerebral cortex restricted to the dopamine-depleted hemisphere. in contrast, acute treatment with cocaine induced c-fos mrna, but not c-jun mrn ... | 2002 | 12419516 |
| the effect of a unilateral costochondral graft on the growth of the marmoset mandible. | the purpose of the investigation was to examine growth of the mandible after costochondral grafting with special reference to the amount of cartilage included in the grafts. | 2002 | 12420265 |
| evolutionary history of chromosome 10 in primates. | we have tracked the evolutionary history of chromosomes homologous to hsa10 (phyl-10) in primates using appropriate panels of pcp, yac, and bac probes. this approach allowed us to delineate more precisely the phyl-10 constitution in the ancestor of catarrhine, platyrrhine, and prosimians. the results suggest that (i) in the ancestor of prosimians phyl-10 was organized in two separate phyl-10p and phyl-10q chromosomes; (ii) in the progenitor of new world monkeys phyl-10p was a separate chromosome ... | 2002 | 12424526 |
| dopamine, but not norepinephrine or serotonin, reuptake inhibition reverses motor deficits in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated primates. | monoamine reuptake inhibitors that do not discriminate between the transporters for dopamine (da), norepinephrine (ne), or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht, serotonin) can reverse locomotor deficits and motor disability in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp)-treated common marmosets. da reuptake inhibition is presumed to be primarily responsible, but the role played by inhibition of ne and 5-ht reuptake is unknown. we now evaluate the efficacy of a range of monoamine reuptake inhibitors ... | 2002 | 12438514 |
| prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in common marmosets using an anti-il-12p40 monoclonal antibody. | the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) model in the common marmoset approximates recognized features of the human disease multiple sclerosis (ms) with regard to its clinical presentation as well as neuropathological and radiological aspects of the lesions in brain and spinal cord. il-12 is a proinflammatory cytokine that is produced by apc and promotes differentiation of th1 effector cells. il-12 is produced in the developing lesions of patients with ms as well as in eae-affected an ... | 2002 | 12444167 |
| alterations in striatal neuropeptide mrna produced by repeated administration of l-dopa, ropinirole or bromocriptine correlate with dyskinesia induction in mptp-treated common marmosets. | chronic administration of l-dopa to mptp-treated common marmosets induces marked dyskinesia while repeated administration of equivalent antiparkisonian doses of ropinirole and bromocriptine produces only mild involuntary movements. the occurrence of dyskinesia has been associated with an altered balance between the direct and indirect striatal output pathways. using in situ hybridisation histochemistry, we now compare the effects of these drug treatments on striatal preproenkephalin-a (ppe-a) an ... | 2002 | 12453478 |
| characterization of calbindin-positive cones in primates. | the aim of this study is to characterize calbindin-positive photoreceptors and their opsin content in the retina of nocturnal prosimians (microcebus murinus), new world monkeys (callithrix jacchus), old world monkeys (macaca fascicularis), and humans. to identify the calbindin and opsin content of cones, combined multiple labeling with different fluorescent probes, antibodies directed against calbindin, short, and mid-long wavelength opsins, and lectin peanut agglutinin cytochemistry were used. ... | 2002 | 12453500 |
| diagnosis and treatment of trichospirura leptostoma infection in common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). | trichospirura leptostoma is a spirurid nematode that inhabits the pancreatic ducts of the common marmoset, callithrix jacchus, and other new world primates. this parasite was diagnosed in members of this species at the marmoset research center in oak ridge, tennessee colony after their importation from multiple colonies outside the united states. animals with few parasites in the pancreas had few tissue changes, whereas those with many parasites had moderate to severe fibrosis replacing exocrine ... | 1997 | 12456185 |
| parent-daughter relationships and social controls on fertility in female common marmosets, callithrix jacchus. | this study examined the reproductive status of mothers and daughters to determine if parent-eldest daughter interactions would influence the daughter's fertility in the cooperatively breeding common marmoset, callithrix jacchus. twice weekly fecal samples were collected for hormonal analyses from seven daughters and their mothers and analyzed for cortisol, estradiol, and progesterone by eia. behavioral data were collected three times weekly while the daughters were under three conditions: natal ... | 2002 | 12460595 |
| characterization of urinary and fecal metabolites of testosterone and their measurement for assessing gonadal endocrine function in male nonhuman primates. | the aims of the present study were (i) to provide basic comparative data on the time course, route, and characteristics of excreted [14c]testosterone (t) metabolites in three nonhuman primates: the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), the long-tailed macaque (macaca fascicularis) and the chimpanzee (pan troglodytes) and (ii) to use this information to help validate the measurement of urinary and fecal testosterone metabolites for assessing androgen status in anthropoid primates. radiolabeled 14 ... | 2002 | 12460597 |
| repeated parental deprivation in the infant common marmoset (callithrix jacchus, primates) and analysis of its effects on early development. | we describe a successful demonstration that repeated early deprivation of parental care (ed), as used to study effects of early life stress in rats, can be performed in a primate and that it constitutes an early life stressor. | 2002 | 12460687 |
| beginning-of-dose and rebound worsening in mptp-treated common marmosets treated with levodopa. | a wide range of motor fluctuations develop in parkinson's disease (pd) patients after prolonged levodopa (l-dopa) treatment, but few experimental models exist in which these can be investigated. we report on motor fluctuations occurring in mptp-treated common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) treated repeatedly with l-dopa. all animals showed an improvement in motor function in response to l-dopa, and rapidly developed peak-dose dyskinesia. during the period of l-dopa action, brief periods of immob ... | 2002 | 12465074 |
| both short- and long-acting d-1/d-2 dopamine agonists induce less dyskinesia than l-dopa in the mptp-lesioned common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | the current concept of dyskinesia is that pulsatile stimulation of d-1 or d-2 receptors by l-dopa or short-acting dopamine agonists is more likely to induce dyskinesia compared to long-acting drugs producing more continuous receptor stimulation. we now investigate the ability of two mixed d-1/d-2 agonists, namely pergolide (long-acting) and apomorphine (short-acting), to induce dyskinesia in drug-nai;ve mptp-lesioned primates, compared to l-dopa. adult common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) were ... | 2003 | 12504871 |
| feedback from v1 and inhibition from beyond the classical receptive field modulates the responses of neurons in the primate lateral geniculate nucleus. | it is well established that the responses of neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) can be modulated by feedback from visual cortex, but it is still unclear how cortico-geniculate afferents regulate the flow of visual information to the cortex in the primate. here we report the effects, on the gain of lgn neurons, of differentially stimulating the extraclassical receptive field, with feedback from the striate cortex intact or inactivated in the marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus. a hor ... | 2002 | 12507325 |
| expression and distribution of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits on parasol ganglion cells in the primate retina. | the response properties of postreceptoral sensory neurones are determined by the properties of their input neurones, by intrinsic membrane properties, and by the properties of neurotransmitter receptors on the soma and dendritic tree. we previously showed that inhibitory neurotransmitter (gaba(a) and glycine) receptors on a well-characterised sensory neurone, the parasol ganglion cell in the primate retina, are segregated towards the distal part of the dendritic tree. here we studied the distrib ... | 2002 | 12511078 |
| methylmercury poisoning in common marmosets--mri findings and peripheral nerve lesions. | common marmosets were used as model animals for methylmercury (mehg) poisoning. six marmosets were given mehg of 5 ppm hg in drinking water. the animals were divided into 3 groups of 2 each. the first group was examined for acute symptomatic mehg poisoning. they were given mehg for 70 and 90 days, respectively, to manifest severe symptoms. the second group was sacrificed after 38 days of mehg exposure, when they had acute-subclinical mehg poisoning. the third group of animals was exposed for 21 ... | 2017 | 12512874 |
| re: klintenberg et al, tardive dyskinesia model in the common marmoset. | 2003 | 12518311 | |
| congenitally caused fused labia in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | in this paper, the occurrence of an external genital abnormality in female marmoset monkeys (fused labia) is discussed. this malformation was detected, for the first time, in a group of animals at the german primate center (gpc), goettingen. the malformed vulva was completely sealed except for an opening of 1.5-2.5 mm around the urethra sufficient for urination. because of this defect the animals were not able to copulate. as a consequence, the affected females were functionally infertile althou ... | 2002 | 12519214 |
| motor effects of a dopamine stabilizer (gmc1111) in primate models of parkinson and hemiparkinsonism. | the effects on motor behavior of a new potential dopamine stabilizer: 2-amino-6-(n,n-di-n-propylamino)thiazolo[4,5-f]indan (gmc1111) were investigated in common marmosets with 6-hydroxydopamine lesions within the median forebrain bundle (12 unilateral, 6 bilateral). gmc1111 was administered orally or subcutaneously (s.c.) to unilaterally 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned monkeys, either alone or together with s.c. injections of apomorphine (0.2 mg/kg) and the effect on rotational behavior was examined. ... | 2003 | 12524151 |
| degree of social contact affects the emission of food calls in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | the aim of this study was to investigate whether the emission of food calls in common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) is influenced by different social contexts. food calls are emitted by this species only in the presence of preferred food. if these calls have any communicative function, it may be that individuals produce food calls in order to call family mates toward the food source. if this is the case, the number of calls produced should vary in accordance with the number of family mates pres ... | 2003 | 12526036 |
| in vivo imaging of brain dopaminergic neurotransmission system in small animals with high-resolution single photon emission computed tomography. | high-resolution single photon emission computed tomography (spect) provides a unique capability to image the biodistribution of radiolabeled molecules in small laboratory animals. thus, we applied the high-resolution spect to in vivo imaging of the brain dopaminergic neurotransmission system in common marmosets using two radiolabeled ligands, [123i]2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane (beta-cit) as a dopamine transporter (dat) ligand and [123i]iodobenzamide (ibzm) as a dopamine d2 rece ... | 2003 | 12558026 |
| antifertility effect of an octapeptide, a fragment of fsh binding inhibitor, in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | the follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) binding inhibitor (fshbi) has been identified as one of the factors present in follicular fluid exerting autocrine/paracrine effects on fsh actions in the ovary. our group has isolated fshbi from human ovarian follicular fluid and deduced its partial amino acid sequence from the n-terminal region. a synthetic peptide corresponding to this sequence also demonstrated fsh binding inhibitory activity in vitro. the objective of the present study was to elucidate ... | 2003 | 12586325 |
| assessment of a combination of physostigmine and scopolamine as pretreatment against the behavioural effects of organophosphates in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | there is a requirement to ensure that uk armed forces are provided with the best possible medical countermeasures to prevent or mitigate the effects of exposure to nerve agents. when pretreatments are under consideration, it is of particular importance to ensure that they do not in themselves give rise to adverse effects and do not exacerbate the effects of agent exposure. | 2003 | 12589520 |
| the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) as a model in toxicology. | the common marmoset, callithrix jacchus, is the smallest nonhuman primate commonly used in biomedical research. marmoset characteristics and propensities have enabled them to be used in a wide range of research as a model of human disease, physiology, drug metabolism, general toxicology, and reproductive biology. this paper provides a general overview of the marmoset with special emphasis on the benefits and disadvantages of this species as a model for inclusion in preclinical drug development p ... | 2003 | 12597440 |
| response to novel objects and foraging tasks by common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) female pairs. | the authors analyze the effects of enrichment devices on the behavior of common marmoset female pairs, and determine which aspects of these devices are more likely to elicit explorative behaviors, and how their presence affects aggressive and stress-related behaviors. the results support the use of enrichment devices for captive primates and show that in marmosets, their effectiveness strongly depends on location within the enclosure and the presence of hidden food. | 2003 | 12601387 |
| a new subclass of the luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor lacking exon 10 messenger rna in the new world monkey (platyrrhini) lineage. | the luteinizing hormone receptor (lhr) plays an essential role as a mediator of lh and cg action during embryonic sexual differentiation and in gametogenesis. in a hypogonadal male patient, we recently demonstrated that a genomic deletion of exon 10, located in the hinge region of the extracellular domain, results in discrimination of lh and hcg action. in the common marmoset (calltithrix jacchus), exon 10 of the lhr is naturally missing at the mrna level. in order to investigate whether this is ... | 2003 | 12606382 |
| characterization of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 in reproductive tissues of the marmoset monkey. | in contrast to the known rodent enzymes, the physiological significance of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 (17hsd7) and its presumed function in reproductive biology is not well understood in primates. as a first step, we recently cloned the complete coding regions of human and marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) 17hsd7 (cj17hsd7). in the present work the complete cdna of marmoset 17hsd1 (cj17hsd1), including the proximal promoter region, and a partial sequence of marmoset aromatase ... | 2003 | 12606385 |
| infanticide and cannibalism in wild common marmosets. | infanticide has been observed in many different species [1], including common marmosets [2-4], due to sexual selection, reproductive strategies or resource competition [3, 5, 6], which may ultimately lead to exploitation (cannibalism) [1, 7]. wild callithrichids have a very flexible mating system, including monogamy, polygynandry, polyandry and polygyny [4, 8, 9], with monteiro da cruz [10] finding all these patterns within the same population. this results from the high degree of deforestation ... | 2003 | 12606850 |
| sensory-motor interaction in the primate auditory cortex during self-initiated vocalizations. | little is known about sensory-motor interaction in the auditory cortex of primates at the level of single neurons and its role in supporting vocal communication. the present study investigated single-unit activities in the auditory cortex of a vocal primate, the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), during self-initiated vocalizations. we found that 1) self-initiated vocalizations resulted in suppression of neural discharges in a majority of auditory cortical neurons. the vocalization-induced in ... | 2003 | 12612021 |
| are subordinates always stressed? a comparative analysis of rank differences in cortisol levels among primates. | among primate species there is pronounced variation in the relationship between social status and measures of stress physiology. an informal meta-analysis was designed to investigate the basis of this diversity across different primate societies. species were included only if a substantial amount of published information was available regarding both social behavior and rank-related differences in stress physiology. four old world and three new world species met these criteria, including societie ... | 2003 | 12614636 |
| microarray analysis of nonhuman primates: validation of experimental models in neurological disorders. | nonhuman primates (nhps) have provided robust experimental animal models for many human-related diseases due to their similar physiologies. nonetheless, profound differences remain in the acquisition, progression, and outcome of important diseases such as aids and alzheimer's, for which the underlying basis remains obscure. we explored the utility of human high-density oligonucleotide arrays to survey the transcription profile of nhp genomes. total rna from prefrontal cortices of human (homo sap ... | 2003 | 12626435 |
| in vitro development of marmoset monkey oocytes by pre-antral follicle culture. | a technique for in vitro maturation of oocytes from small ovarian follicles of marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus) has been developed. we employed a two-step culture system for primary follicles (45-85 microm) and a one-step culture technique for secondary follicles (>85 microm). the two-step technique started with the culture of stromal tissue fragments for 2 days. thereafter, mechanically isolated follicles were transferred to a culture system where they attached to the culture surface and g ... | 2003 | 12654018 |
| alterations in m-rna expression for cu,zn-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the basal ganglia of mptp-treated marmosets and patients with parkinson's disease. | alterations occurring in the antioxidant enzymes, copper, zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase (cu,zn-sod) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) following nigral dopaminergic denervation are unclear. we now report on the distribution and levels of m-rna for cu,zn-sod and gpx in basal ganglia of normal and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp)-treated common marmosets, and in normal individuals and patients with parkinson's disease (pd) using in situ hybridization histochemistry and oligo ... | 2003 | 12663090 |