Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| occurrence of pneumocystis carinii organisms in a peritoneal effusion from a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | we describe a unique case of pneumocystis carinii organisms within a peritoneal effusion of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the patient, a 28-yr-old homosexual male with profound immunosuppression, presented with splenomegaly and ascites. a peritoneal tap was performed for diagnostic purposes. cytologic examination of the cytospin specimen showed reactive mesothelial cells along with aggregates of debris reminiscent of the foamy exudates seen in the alveoli of lungs inf ... | 1991 | 1954838 |
| lung 99mtc dtpa transfer in renal disease and pulmonary infection. | the half-time of transfer of 99mtc dtpa (t50) is a useful method of assessing lung epithelial permeability, which has been shown to be altered in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) who have pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). the present study was designed to assess the usefulness of the t50 measurement in evaluating patients with renal transplants, breathlessness, and fever. an assessment was also made of the effect of renal failure on the t50 result. sixty-eight non-smok ... | 1991 | 1956558 |
| [diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in hiv-positive patients]. | 1991 | 1957367 | |
| aspergillosis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the role of aspergillus species as a pathogen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) has not been clearly defined. from 1984 to 1989, more than 2,000 aids patients were seen at beth israel medical center, new york. aspergillus was isolated in ten patients; seven had invasive disease and three had noninvasive disease. invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (ipa) was diagnosed in six patients and invasive renal aspergillosis was found in one patient. five were homosexual men and two were intraveno ... | 1991 | 1959405 |
| nebulized pentamidine as prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1991 | 1960126 | |
| disseminated pneumocystis carinii infection in aids. | eight patients with aids and pneumocystis carinii infection were studied. protean manifestations were a feature not untypical of disseminated pneumocystosis. aerosolised pentamidine as prophylaxis against p carinii pneumonia was ineffective at suppressing dissemination. the knowledge that extrapulmonary infection can occur has implications for the detection and treatment of, and prophylaxis against, p carinii infection. the survival of patients with disseminated pneumocystosis is particularly po ... | 1991 | 1960214 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia despite prophylaxis in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | 1991 | 1960625 | |
| disseminated pneumocystis carinii infection in aids. | 1991 | 1962644 | |
| the risk of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia among men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1. multicenter aids cohort study group. | we assessed the risk of pneumonia due to pneumocystis carinii in 1665 participants in the multicenter aids cohort study who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) but did not have the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) and were not receiving prophylaxis against p. carinii. during 48 months of follow-up, 168 participants (10.1 percent) had a first episode of p. carinii pneumonia. the risk was greatly increased in participants with cd4+ cell counts at base line of ... | 1990 | 1967190 |
| difficulties with sputum induction for diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 1967394 | |
| the risk of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 1970853 | |
| asymptomatic patients with hiv infection. keeping them well. | primary care physicians need to be prepared to counsel and manage patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. asymptomatic seropositive patients should be seen quarterly, and t4 lymphocyte counts should be followed. other serologic markers that may detect disease progression are p24 antigen and beta 2 microglobulin. abnormalities in the levels of these markers may influence the decision to initiate early antiretroviral therapy. therapeutic regimens are now available for delaying ... | 1990 | 1971717 |
| long-term zidovudine treatment of asymptomatic hiv-1-infected subjects. | eighteen asymptomatic men with persistent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) p24 antigenemia were treated with zidovudine 250-500 mg (+/- acyclovir 800 mg) 6-hourly for 4-12 weeks, and thereafter with zidovudine 500 mg (+/- acyclovir 1600 mg) 12-hourly for 92 weeks. six additional hiv-1 p24 antigenemic subjects were treated with zidovudine 500 mg 12-hourly for 76 weeks. disease progression occurred in 4 subjects, despite sustained reduction of serum hiv-1 p24 antigen levels: pneumocysti ... | 1990 | 1972321 |
| intermittent co-trimoxazole prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1990 | 1973495 | |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in infants infected with the human immunodeficiency virus with more than 450 cd4 t lymphocytes per cubic millimeter. | 1990 | 1974030 | |
| hierarchical pattern of mucosal candida infections in hiv-seropositive women. | candida is the most common cause of opportunistic mucosal infections in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive women. we had observed an apparent correlation between the severity of immunodeficiency and the site of mucosal candida infection. the current study was designed to determine whether significant correlations existed between the sites of mucosal candida infection and the degree of immunodeficiency, as determined by subsets of lymphocyte populations. | 1990 | 1974383 |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii with dna amplification. | oligonucleotide primers and probes were used in the polymerase chain reaction to amplify pneumocystis carinii specific dna sequences from alveolar lavage samples from 47 diagnostic bronchoscopies. no p carinii dna was found in lavage from 10 immunocompetent patients; only low levels were found in 3 of 13 samples from immunosuppressed individuals without p carinii pneumonia (pcp), and the highest levels, readily demonstrated by simple ethidium bromide staining, were found in all of 16 samples fro ... | 1990 | 1974987 |
| possible transfer of pneumocystis carinii between immunodeficient patients. | 1990 | 1975393 | |
| aerosolized pentamidine for prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. the san francisco community prophylaxis trial. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) is the most frequent life-threatening opportunistic infection associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. to assess the possible value of aerosolized-pentamidine prophylaxis in different doses, a controlled clinical trial was begun in 1987 with 408 subjects at 12 treatment centers. the participants were randomly assigned to receive 30 mg of pentamidine every two weeks, 150 mg every two weeks, or 300 mg every four weeks. | 1990 | 1975426 |
| pneumocystis carinii karyotypes. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis techniques were used to examine the chromosomes of pneumocystis carinii isolated from laboratory rats and two human subjects. p. carinii organisms isolated from each of four rat colonies and from two patients each produced a distinct band pattern, but in all cases the bands ranged in size from 300 to 700 kilobase pairs. p. carinii from three rat colonies produced patterns containing 15 prominent bands. of these 15 bands, 2 stained more intensely than would be exp ... | 1990 | 1975595 |
| [when and how should primary prevention against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia be carried out in hiv infection?]. | 1990 | 1975648 | |
| [the prognostic significance of lymphocyte subpopulations and macrophages in peripheral blood and in bronchoalveolar lavage in aids patients with suspected pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | in 36 hiv seropositive patients with the clinical manifestation of aids and a suspected pneumocystis carinii infection, lymphocyte subpopulations were analyzed in the peripheral blood (pbl) and compared with the results of the bronchoalveolar lavage (bal). of those 36 patients, 29 showed a highly abnormal cd4/cd8 ratio in both the pbl and the bal. the clinical course of these 29 patients was unpredictable. in seven patients, however, the cd4/cd8 ratio in the bal was normal or only slightly alter ... | 1990 | 1976848 |
| prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in aids patients with weekly dapsone. | 1990 | 1977035 | |
| possible transfer of pneumocystis carinii between kidney transplant recipients. | 1990 | 1977036 | |
| a randomized controlled trial of a reduced daily dose of zidovudine in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the aids clinical trials group. | the initially tested dose of zidovudine for the treatment of patients with advanced disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv) was 1500 mg. although this dose is effective, it is associated with substantial toxicity. | 1990 | 1977079 |
| asymptomatic disseminated pneumocystis carinii infection detected by ophthalmoscopy. | 1990 | 1978100 | |
| detection of pneumocystis carinii. | 1990 | 1978158 | |
| human immunodeficiency virus and the primary care physician. | as the scope and size of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) epidemic grows, the primary care physician will need to assume a greater role. a knowledge of hiv risk factors and the ability to perform pretest and posttest counseling for hiv testing is essential. counseling patients on hiv risk reduction should be part of the hiv risk interview. an understanding of the benefits and contraindications of testing, as well as a respect for the impact of testing, is important. all hiv-seropositive in ... | 1990 | 1978857 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | the occurrence of unusual infections, in particular pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and the rare neoplasm kaposi's sarcoma, in previously healthy homosexual men in the late 1970s heralded the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus infection, the most severe form of which is the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1990 | 1979021 |
| cerebral pneumocystis carinii infection in aids. | 1990 | 1979413 | |
| trends in survival of danish aids patients from 1981 to 1989. | length of survival was analysed in relation to year of diagnosis, aids-indicative disease, age, risk behaviour, zidovudine therapy, and cd4 cell count and serum immunoglobulin (ig) levels at the time of diagnosis in a group of 231 consecutive adult danish aids patients reported before 1 january 1988. the cumulative survival rate was 53% (95% confidence interval 47-59%) at 1 year, 29% (22-36%) at 2 years and 18% (10-26%) at 3 years. length of survival increased significantly (p less than 0.001) o ... | 1990 | 1980821 |
| pharmacokinetics of intravenous pentamidine in patients with normal renal function or receiving hemodialysis. | the pharmacokinetics of intravenous pentamidine were studied in 10 patients with normal renal function (group 1), 9 volunteer subjects without pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who were receiving maintenance hemodialysis (group 2), and 5 patients with normal or mildly abnormal renal function (group 3) after the last dose of therapy. the concentration-time data were best represented by a three-compartment model. the peak plasma concentration, plasma clearance, and elimination half-life ranged from 2 ... | 1991 | 1984463 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. rare cause of hemoptysis. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is a frequent manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). it commonly presents with nonproductive cough, fever, and dyspnea. we report this case of p carinii pneumonia presenting with hemoptysis, since to the best of our knowledge, hemoptysis has not been reported to be a presenting manifestation of p carinii pneumonia. autopsy revealed multiple lung cavities. | 1991 | 1984969 |
| purification and characterization of a major human pneumocystis carinii surface antigen. | previous studies of pneumocystis carinii have identified the major surface antigen of rat and human isolates as proteins of 116,000 and 95,000 mol wt, respectively, that are antigenically not identical. in this study both rat and human p. carinii proteins were purified by solubilization with zymolyase followed by molecular sieve and ion exchange chromatography. the native proteins had an apparent mol wt of 290,000 or greater, based on molecular sieve studies as well as cross-linking studies. bot ... | 1991 | 1985093 |
| a cluster of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adults without predisposing illnesses. | 1991 | 1985246 | |
| pneumocystis carinii--new clinical spectrum? | 1991 | 1985248 | |
| pneumocystis carinii choroiditis after long-term aerosolized pentamidine therapy. | 1991 | 1985481 | |
| risk stratification of ambulatory patients suspected of pneumocystis pneumonia. | to determine whether aspects of clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory studies improve the diagnostic accuracy of the chest roentgenogram in the diagnosis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), we followed up 302 consecutive patients with respiratory symptoms and risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus. of the 279 patients (92%) with follow-up information available, 31 (11%) were diagnosed with pcp. only 68% of patients with pcp had typical chest roentgenograms. regressio ... | 1991 | 1985585 |
| practical utility of lactate dehydrogenase in the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1991 | 1985599 | |
| disseminated pneumocystis carinii infection with hepatic involvement in a patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. | extrapulmonary infection with pneumocystis carinii (p. carinii) in aids patients is uncommon, and is often described only at postmortem examination. although most antemortem cases involve spread to the bone marrow or spleen, p. carinii involvement of other organs has only recently been described. despite the frequency of liver enzyme abnormalities in aids patients with a history of p. carinii pneumonia, p. carinii has been observed only rarely in the liver. we present a well-documented case of p ... | 1991 | 1986558 |
| survival differences in patients with aids. | to define the clinical, demographic, and behavioral variables that may influence survival in patients with aids, we studied 526 patients with aids diagnosed through september 1987 who were cared for at a single medical center. a diversity of racial and ethnic backgrounds, ages, both men and women, and all risk behaviors except hemophilia were well represented. the initial aids defining diagnosis was the most powerful predictor of survival. the median survival was 12.8 months for patients present ... | 1991 | 1987352 |
| pneumocystis carinii infections in hiv-infected children. | since 1981, 1200 children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome have been reported to the centers for disease control. among these children, pneumocystis carinii has been the leading cause of serious morbidity and mortality. this review discusses the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of p. carinii. | 1991 | 1987519 |
| extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection: another cause of splenic "bull's-eye" lesions. | 1991 | 1987634 | |
| widespread dissemination of pneumocystis carinii infection in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome receiving long-term treatment with aerosolized pentamidine. | patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids) may be infected with many opportunistic pathogens, the most common of which is pneumocystis carinii. p. carinii infection typically presents as a subacute pneumonia. however, rare cases of localized, extrapulmonary, and disseminated disease have been described. standard therapy for p. carinii is systemically administered trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine. these agents, however, frequently are associated with serious adverse effe ... | 1991 | 1987758 |
| spontaneous pneumothorax in aids patients with recurrent pneumocystis carinii pneumonia despite aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. | aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) may predispose these patients to recurrent apical pneumocystis infection. bullous changes and pulmonary cysts develop in the lung apices due to repeated episodes of inflammation and cytotoxic effects of hiv on pulmonary macrophages. these changes progress despite prophylaxis against recurrent pneumocystis infection with aerosolized pentamidine, increasing the risk ... | 1991 | 1989819 |
| [pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with a severe combined immunodeficiency]. | we describe three patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia as the initial presentation of severe combined immunodeficiency disease. the pneumonia in the first patient was treated successfully with trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (tmp/smz). the second patient died despite therapy with tmp/smz and pentamidine. the third patient failed to respond to therapy with tmp/smz and pentamidine. he was subsequently treated with trimetrexate and leucovorin. treatment with the new folic acid antagonist tri ... | 1991 | 1990300 |
| cavitary pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients receiving aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis. | we have described two patients with aids who had cavitary pneumocystis carinii pneumonia while receiving aerosolized pentamidine prophylaxis. this is the first report of this complication. neither patient showed a clinical response to subsequent use of pentamidine either intravenously or by aerosol followed by intravenous use. clinicians should be aware of the possibility that cavitary pneumonia in patients receiving aerosolized pentamidine may be due to p carinii. | 1991 | 1990469 |
| an evaluation of the use of the statewide planning and research cooperative system of new york state as a resource planning tool for hiv infection. | hospital discharge records of patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in new york state were studied to determine whether cases of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection were identified. we estimate that as many as 13 percent of hospitalizations of patients with pcp in 1987 and 10 percent of those in 1988 were not appropriately identified as hiv related. identification of pcp as hiv related was a function of a hospital's volume of pcp admissions. | 1991 | 1990864 |
| survival trends of people with aids in washington state. | survival rates of 609 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in washington state diagnosed between 1982 and 1987 according to pre-1987 aids surveillance definition were analyzed. people with a primary diagnosis of kaposi's sarcoma survived longer than those with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. both groups survived longer than those with other diagnoses. median survival increased from 11.3, to 12.5, to 20.8 months for cases diagnosed in or before 1985, during 1986, and during 1987, re ... | 1991 | 1990865 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and respiratory failure in aids. improved outcomes and increased use of intensive care units. | to determine whether the outcome of intensive care for patients with aids, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp), and respiratory failure has changed, we studied patients admitted to the intensive care units an san francisco general hospital from 1981 to 1988. we compared the course of patients with pcp and respiratory failure admitted to the intensive care unit from 1986 to 1988 with a similar cohort hospitalized from 1981 to 1985. the hospital survival rate for the 35 patients in the 1986 to 19 ... | 1991 | 1990936 |
| dapsone as a single agent is suboptimal therapy for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | in a prospective, noncomparative study, seven patients with mild pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, characterized by room air arterial po2 greater than 60 mm hg at the time of presentation, were treated with dapsone alone at a dose of 200 mg daily. two of the seven patients required mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure on day 5 of dapsone therapy; both died. four patients experienced major side effects during dapsone therapy. none of the seven patients successfully completed a full course ... | 1991 | 1992102 |
| lack of benefit of methotrexate in severe, steroid-dependent asthma. a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | to determine the effect of low-dose methotrexate in asthmatic patients on steroid use, asthma symptom scores, pulmonary function, airway reactivity, blood cellular components, and immunoglobulin e levels. | 1991 | 1992876 |
| [glucocorticoids in aids-associated pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. | 1991 | 1993439 | |
| pneumothorax in aids. | to determine risk factors for the development of pneumothorax in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1991 | 1994791 |
| pulmonary tolerance of prophylactic aerosolized pentamidine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. | the effects of primary and secondary long-term prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with aerosolized pentamidine on pulmonary function in hiv+ patients were evaluated. eighty-one patients, none of whom were drug addicts or had pulmonary kaposi's sarcoma, were studied. fifty patients were receiving ap as secondary prophylaxis, 36 monthly and 14 twice-monthly; eight patients with a history of pcp served as control subjects. twenty-three patients were receiving ap as primary prophylaxis, 1 ... | 1991 | 1995216 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia complicating multiple myeloma. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonia complicated the course of two patients with multiple myeloma. the diagnosis was established in both cases by bronchoalveolar lavage, which demonstrated the typical pneumocysts. clinical and roentgenographic improvement in both patients was observed following a course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. one patient had lymphocyte subsets performed with a cd4/cd8 ratio of 0.8; both patients were hiv antibody-negative by elisa. both patients tolerated prophylactic tmp-s ... | 1991 | 1995221 |
| pleural pneumocystis carinii infection. | extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection is a rare occurrence in patients with aids. pleural involvement has been demonstrated in only one case, and this occurred after pneumothorax. this is a case report of pleural pneumocystosis in a patient with aids who did not have a pneumothorax. | 1991 | 1995246 |
| no detection of characteristic fungal protein elongation factor ef-3 in pneumocystis carinii. | the taxonomic status of pneumocystis carinii is uncertain, and p. carinii has been categorized both as a fungus and as a protozoan. recent comparisons of rna sequence homologies between p. carinii and several genera of fungi and protozoa suggest that p. carinii has closer affinities with the ascomycetes than with the protozoa. the translatory systems of the fungi, however, require three soluble protein factors for peptide chain elongation rather than the two necessary in other eukaryotic systems ... | 1991 | 1995744 |
| current report--hiv. recommendations for treatment of acute pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | 1991 | 1996514 | |
| [atypical forms of aids-associated pneumocystis carinii infection]. | 1991 | 1997310 | |
| pneumocystis carinii infection of the thyroid in a hypothyroid patient with aids: diagnosis by fine needle aspiration biopsy. | a 49-yr-old homosexual man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with a left-sided neck mass. he was found to have a firm goiter. he was clinically euthyroid, but had laboratory evidence of primary hypothyroidism. radioactive iodine scan of the thyroid showed homogeneous uptake over an enlarged right lobe and absence of uptake over the left lobe. two fine needle aspiration biopsies of the thyroid revealed the presence of pneumocystis carinii (p. carinii) organisms on the gomori's met ... | 1991 | 1997526 |
| changing disease patterns in patients with aids in a referral centre in the united kingdom: the changing face of aids. | to study the changes in morbidity, mortality, and survival patterns in a population of patients with aids in the united kingdom from 1982 to 1989. | 1991 | 1998759 |
| differences in access to zidovudine (azt) among symptomatic hiv-infected persons. | to evaluate socioeconomic factors that determine whether symptomatic hiv-infected persons are offered zidovudine (azt). | 1991 | 1999744 |
| persistent ulceration of the anal margin in homosexuals with hiv infection. | a study of the outcome of surgical treatment of ulceration of the anal margin occurring in male homosexuals with hiv infection was undertaken. ten patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and three patients with symptomatic hiv infection were referred to the department of surgery with painful anal ulceration which had not responded to medical treatment. the medical treatments given prior to surgical referral included high dose oral acyclovir, intravenous foscarnet and broad spectrum anti ... | 1991 | 1999821 |
| pentamidine: an inhibitor of interleukin-1 that acts via a post-translational event. | pharmacologic inhibition of cytokines, particularly interleukin-1 (il-1), potentially has numerous therapeutic applications in inflammatory diseases. we demonstrate that pentamidine, an aromatic diamidine currently used to treat pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, is a specific and effective inhibitor of cellular il-1 release from macrophages, and we have shown that this blockage occurs at neither the transcriptional nor the translational level. pentamidine induced inhibition of il-1 occurs via an a ... | 1991 | 2000641 |
| postpneumocystis aspergilloma in aids: ct features. | we describe a case of aspergilloma complicating a pulmonary cyst secondary to pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in an aids patient. the utility of ct in the diagnosis is illustrated. | 1991 | 2002112 |
| pneumocystis carinii as foamy exudate in bone marrow. | 1991 | 2002563 | |
| recent advances in the medical management of early hiv disease. | the management of patients who have hiv disease, particularly those in early, asymptomatic disease stages, has recently improved. clinical trials with zidovudine have demonstrated efficacy and greatly reduced toxicity when the drug is used for asymptomatic hiv-infected persons who have fewer than 500 cd4+ cells/mm3. also, the optimum dose of zidovudine is lower than previously believed, probably in the range of 300-500 mg daily in oral divided doses. the use of antibiotics to prevent pneumocysti ... | 1991 | 2005480 |
| pulmonary calcification caused by pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. a clinicopathological study of 13 cases in acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients. | pulmonary microcalcifications were identified in 13 patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids). several patterns of calcification were noted including bubbly, plate-like, elongate, and conchoidal forms. all calcifications contained p. carinii cysts within them as demonstrated by grocott's methenamine silver stain. in eight of the 13 cases, the typical intra-alveolar exudate of p. carinii was absent. therefore, the calcifications were the onl ... | 1991 | 2006717 |
| characterization of long-term survivors of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the long-term survivor collaborative study group. | of 4,073 reported patients diagnosed with aids from 1978 through 1983, 821 (20%) were not reported to be dead by january 1987. of these apparent long-term survivors, 780 (95%) were reported from 14 states or from local areas where collaborating health departments conducted special follow-up investigations: 119 (15%) were found to be alive, 475 (61%) were dead, and 186 (24%) were lost to follow-up. health departments obtained consent to collect additional clinical and laboratory information on 48 ... | 1991 | 2007973 |
| a controlled study of inhaled pentamidine for primary prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | current recommendations for prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) are based on data from patients who have had at least one episode of pcp (secondary prevention). we designed a study to determine the efficacy and side effects of inhaled pentamidine in the primary prevention of pcp. | 1991 | 2008181 |
| alveolar macrophage migration after lung transplantation. | pulmonary infection is a major source of morbidity and mortality in recipients of lung allografts. the alveolar macrophage plays an important role in pulmonary host defense, and to fulfill this role it must have the ability to orient and migrate in the direction of a stimulus. thus migratory activity was measured in cells recovered from lung transplant recipients by bronchoalveolar lavage. the primary patient group consisted of recipients who had no evidence of infection or rejection at the time ... | 1991 | 2008994 |
| intrapleural tetracycline for spontaneous pneumothorax in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | spontaneous pneumothorax is occurring in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and pneumocystis carinii infection with increasing frequency. these patients are typically poor surgical candidates. conservative management using tetracycline sclerosis was performed with good results in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and recurrent pneumothorax. | 1991 | 2009761 |
| [htlv-i infection: ungual t-cell lymphoma as a primary manifestation]. | a 34-year-old woman presented with leathery thickening and haemorrhagic lesions of several finger- and toe-nails as first symptoms of an htlv-i infection. histology resembled that found in mycosis fungoides. later signs of t cell deficiency (e.g. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) developed. an erythemato-papular exanthema representing t cell lymphoma with pautrier's abscesses preceded her death 1 year later. the detection of htlv-i antibodies helped to establish the diagnosis following initial con ... | 1991 | 2010288 |
| safety and pharmacokinetics of 566c80, a hydroxynaphthoquinone with anti-pneumocystis carinii activity: a phase i study in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected men. | a hydroxynaphthoquinone compound (566c80) has been shown to be effective in the prevention and treatment of murine pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis. in a phase i study, five cohorts of four human immunodeficiency virus-infected men received 100, 250, 750, 1500, and 3000 mg of the compound orally once daily for 12 days. a sixth cohort received 750 mg three times daily for 5 days, then twice daily for 16 days. evaluation included clinical, hematologic, and biochemical studies and the pharmacokinet ... | 1991 | 2010637 |
| [67ga citrate imaging in aids-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in japan]. | six aids patients with pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) underwent 67ga scan as part of their evaluation. only one patient of them showed the characteristic 67ga distribution pattern for pcp, that is, diffuse, increased, bilateral lung activity greater than liver activity. two patients who were receiving therapy for pcp and one patient with recurrent pcp showed focal or uneven 67ga lung uptake. in the four patients, the scan showed more extensive lesion than the chest radiograph. the other tw ... | 1991 | 2011481 |
| parasitic diseases. diseases associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | there are several protozoan infections that cause relatively benign illness in normal individuals but result in severe disease manifestations in patients with aids. these diseases include pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cns toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, and isosporiasis. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) caused by pneumocystis carinii, is the most common opportunistic infection in aids. it is seen in more than 80% of individuals with this syndrome. although historically classified as a pr ... | 1991 | 2011633 |
| aerosol pentamidine prophylaxis following pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in aids patients: results of a blinded dose-comparison study using an ultrasonic nebulizer. | to compare the efficacy and safety of three different doses of prophylactic aerosol pentamidine in patients with one prior episode of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | 1991 | 2012082 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with primary brain tumors. | all histologically documented episodes of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in adult patients with primary brain tumors treated at memorial sloan-kettering cancer center, new york, ny, since 1981, were retrospectively reviewed. pneumocystis carinii pneumonia was histologically documented 11 times in 10 patients. during the same 8-year interval, approximately 587 adults were seen at the center for a brain tumor, 90% of whom received ongoing therapy. therefore, in at least 1.7% (10/587) of our patien ... | 1991 | 2012515 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia associated with profound lymphopenia and abnormal t-lymphocyte subset ratios during treatment for early-stage breast carcinoma. | two women with stage ii breast carcinoma treated with lumpectomy followed by breast irradiation and adjuvant chemotherapy developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia while receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. neither woman had evidence of immunosuppression before therapy. they both had profound lymphopenia, reversed cd4/cd8 ratios, and normal peripheral blood total leukocyte counts at the time of their infections. both women were seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and had no risk fac ... | 1991 | 2013044 |
| pneumocystis carinii infection presenting as necrotizing thyroiditis and hypothyroidism. | extrapulmonary pneumocystis infection has been increasingly reported in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids), in particular, recently in association with the increasing use of aerosolized pentamidine. this report describes the unusual presentation of extrapulmonary pneumocystis infection as a thyroid neck mass and clinical hypothyroidism in a 37-year-old man with hemophilia and aids. this case differs from the previously reported single case of isolated thyroid pneumocystosis ... | 1991 | 2014774 |
| furazolidone and nitrofurantoin in the treatment of experimental pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | furazolidone and nitrofurantoin, oral nitrofuran derivatives with broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties already in clinical use, were compared for activity against pneumocystis carinii in an immunosuppressed rat model of p. carinii pneumonia. furazolidone exhibited only slight activity as a prophylactic agent but was moderately effective in the therapy of pneumocystosis. the median histologic score and organism count fell from 4+ and 10(8) to 10(9) cysts per lung, respectively, in the controls ... | 1991 | 2014971 |
| synergistic anti-pneumocystis carinii effects of erythromycin and sulfisoxazole. | pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis was effectively prevented in 90% of immunosuppressed rats by the administration of 100 mg of erythromycin and 300 mg/kg/day of sulfisoxazole. all of the untreated control and erythromycin-treated animals developed the infection and 80% of rats given sulfisoxazole alone had the pneumonitis. a similar pattern of response occurred when the drugs were used therapeutically for rats with established p. carinii pneumonitis. the erythromycin and sulfisoxazole ratio of 1: ... | 1991 | 2016690 |
| morphology of pneumocystis carinii and activation of the plasmalemmal vesicular system in alveolar epithelial cells of the host. an ultrastructural study. | lungs from rats with dexamethasone-induced pneumocystis carinii pneumonia were examined. the ultrastructure of pneumocystis carinii and their zone of attachment on type i alveolar epithelial cells are described. an activation of the plasmalemmal vesicular system of type i alveolar epithelial cells was observed and is described here for the first time. the significance of this observation is discussed. | 1991 | 2018635 |
| who should receive corticosteroids as adjunctive treatment for pneumocystis carinii pneumonia? | 1991 | 2019155 | |
| delivered dose and regional distribution of aerosolized pentamidine using different delivery systems. | aerosolized pentamidine has gained acceptance as a form of treatment for the prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. however, different studies have used different delivery systems, making comparison of results difficult. this study was designed to determine the dose to the lung, regional distribution, extrapulmonary deposition, and side effects using four different delivery systems: the respirgard ii, the aero tech ii, the portasonic, and the fisoneb. ten homosexual subjects who were infe ... | 1991 | 2019169 |
| polyamine metabolism in pneumocystis carinii. | alpha-difluoromethylornithine (dfmo) is being used to treat pneumocystis carinii pneumonia despite a lack of in vitro evidence supporting its antipneumocystis activity. dfmo is a specific inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis. to investigate polyamine metabolism in p. carinii, extracts of the organism were analyzed for polyamine content and ornithine decarboxylase activity, and [3h]ornithine and [14c]arginine incorporation into polyamines during ... | 1991 | 2019760 |
| [pneumocystis carinii infection during prophylaxis with nebulized pentamidine in a patient with aids]. | since the introduction of aerosolised pentamidine for prophylaxis against pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in hiv-seropositive persons and patients with aids, an increasing number of cases of atypical manifestations of infection with pneumocystis carinii have been reported in the united states, viz. upper lobe pneumonia, extrapulmonary pneumocystis carinii infection and spontaneous pneumothorax. an association between these atypical manifestations of pneumocystis carinii infection and the us ... | 1991 | 2020315 |
| increased recovery of surfactant protein a in aids-related pneumonia. | respiratory infection with pneumocystis carinii (pc) is the most frequent serious opportunistic infection in the clinical setting of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). the factors responsible for the predisposition of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients for pc infection are not fully understood. we postulated that changes in the alveolar lining material (alm) could play a role in the pathogenesis of pc infection in aids. we have compared constituents of alm in bronchoalv ... | 1991 | 2024816 |
| aerosol pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of aids-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. a randomized, placebo-controlled study. | to assess the safety and efficacy of aerosol pentamidine for secondary prophylaxis of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1991 | 2024862 |
| 8-aminoquinolines from walter reed army institute for research for treatment and prophylaxis of pneumocystis pneumonia in rat models. | three 8-aminoquinolines from the walter reed army institute for research (wrair), wr6026, wr238605, and wr242511, strongly inhibited pneumocystis carinii growth in vitro at 1 microgram/ml. this activity was similar to that of primaquine. in rat therapy models, the wrair compounds affected pneumocystis pneumonia at doses as low as 0.25 mg/kg (wr242511) or 0.5 mg/kg (wr6026 and wr238605). at these doses, primaquine alone was ineffective as therapy. in a rat prophylaxis model, all three wrair 8-ami ... | 1991 | 2024961 |
| in vitro activities of acridone alkaloids against pneumocystis carinii. | acridone alkaloids isolated from plants of the family rutaceae have antiplasmodial activity in rodent models of malaria. because a variety of antimalarial agents have also been shown to have activity against pneumocystis carinii, we tested six of these alkaloids in an established culture model for p. carinii. atalaphillinine and glycobismine a inhibited growth of cultured p. carinii at concentrations of 2.7 and 1.7 microm, respectively. this potency of effect is similar to that of chloroquine (3 ... | 1991 | 2024971 |
| non-invasive management of fever and breathlessness in hiv positive patients. | in a prospective study of 72 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) positive patients presenting with fever and breathlessness, a non-invasive management protocol, incorporating a scanning technique using radioactively labelled diethylenetriamine penta acetate (dtpa) and sputum induction, was found to be highly sensitive and specific in the early detection of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp). at presentation, the dtpa scan was abnormal in 34 of 36 cases of pcp, irrespective of smoking history, w ... | 1991 | 2026234 |
| dapsone in low doses prevents pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in the rat model. | less toxic drugs are needed for the prophylaxis and treatment of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) in patients with aids. rats immunosuppressed with cortisone were given dapsone, chlorproguanil (cpg) and chlorcycloguanil (ccg), alone or in combination, in the diet and the p. carinii attack rate was compared with that of untreated controls. dapsone alone at doses of 25 and 5 mg/kg/day was 100% effective in preventing pcp. the efficacy of cpg and ccg, however, could not be properly assessed bec ... | 1991 | 2026888 |
| the outcome of mechanical ventilation in patients with an aids-associated primary episode of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. | the justification for mechanical ventilation (mv) of patients with an aids-related pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (pcp) has been submitted to debate, due to poor prognosis of aids patients. since the start of the epidemic our policy has been to offer mv to this group of patients when needed. the first 28 patients who received mv because of an aids-related primary episode of pcp were reviewed (28/126 patients; 22%). 14 of these patients were discharged from hospital. their median survival time wa ... | 1991 | 2028227 |
| pneumocystis carinii pneumonia complicating low dose methotrexate treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. | low dose methotrexate has been used effectively for various rheumatic and non-rheumatic diseases. three cases of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia occurring during treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with low dose methotrexate are presented. several mechanisms might contribute to impaired immunity and the rare development of opportunist lung infection with methotrexate. a high degree of suspicion may result in earlier diagnosis and treatment. | 1991 | 2028435 |
| appropriate terminology for the features of pneumocystis carinii. | 1991 | 2028700 | |
| aids: the disease, the demographics, the devastation. | the etiology and pathophysiology of aids are reviewed: hiv-1 infection and changes in t4 lymphocytes; secondary infections, such as pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and tuberculosis; and tumors, such as kaposi's sarcoma. the cdc has classified hiv infection into four groups based on clinical manifestations and immune system changes. male homosexuals and bisexuals are most at risk for hiv infection. the incidence of infection among infants and heterosexuals will increase. public health education pr ... | 1991 | 2033483 |
| treatment modalities for patients with hiv disease. | pharmacologic and psychosocial interventions begin at the time hiv infection is diagnosed and continue to the end of the patient's life. it is important that the nurse and patient communicate effectively with one another about the significance of being hiv positive, including disease progression and treatment modalities. symptoms of and treatments for early infection (e.g., oral candidiasis, aphthous stomatitis, staphylococcal folliculitis, and herpes zoster) are reviewed. pneumocystis carinii i ... | 1991 | 2033484 |
| [multicavitating pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii]. | 1991 | 2033972 |