Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| molecular cloning, heterologous expression, and characterization of human glyoxalase ii. | a clone encoding glyoxalase ii has been isolated from a human adult liver cdna library. the sequence of 1011 base pairs consists of a full-length coding region of 780 base pairs, corresponding to a protein with a calculated molecular mass of 28,861 daltons. identities (50-60%) were found to partial 5' and 3' cdna sequences from arabidopsis thaliana as well as within a limited region of glutathione transferase i cdna from corn. a vector was constructed for heterologous expression of glyoxalase ii ... | 1996 | 8550579 |
| novel plant ca(2+)-binding protein expressed in response to abscisic acid and osmotic stress. | a cdna corresponding to an mrna which accumulates in germinating rice seeds in response to the phytohormone abscisic acid was isolated by differential hybridization. northern blotting indicated that the mrna also accumulates in vegetative tissues in response to treatment with abscisic acid and to osmotic stress. sequencing identified a major open reading frame encoding a novel protein of 27.4 kda. the identity of the open reading frame was confirmed by comparing the translation products of cellu ... | 1996 | 8550584 |
| three-dimensional structure of glutathione s-transferase from arabidopsis thaliana at 2.2 a resolution: structural characterization of herbicide-conjugating plant glutathione s-transferases and a novel active site architecture. | glutathione s-transferases (gst) are a family of multifunctional enzymes involved in the metabolization of a broad variety of xenobiotics and reactive endogenous compounds. the interest in plant glutathione s-transferases may be attributed to their agronomic value, since it has been demonstrated that glutathione conjugation for a variety of herbicides is the major resistance and selectivity factor in plants. the three-dimensional structure of glutathione s-transferase from the plant arabidopsis ... | 1996 | 8551521 |
| a chlorophyll synthetase gene from arabidopsis thaliana. | during the course of an arabidopsis thaliana genome sequencing project, we identified a gene, g4, with a derived amino acid sequence showing homology to the product of the rhodobacter capsulatus bchg locus which is involved in the esterification of bacteriochlorophyllide with geranylgeraniol. the relationship between this gene and bchg was confirmed by the isolation and analysis of a corresponding full-length cdna. comparison of genomic and cdna sequences indicated that the gene is made up of 14 ... | 1995 | 8552034 |
| novel gus expression patterns following transposition of an enhancer trap ds element in arabidopsis. | enhancer trap derivatives of the maize dissociation (ds) transposon were introduced into arabidopsis thaliana. the enhancer trap ds was so designed that upon transposition to sites containing regulatory sequences in adjacent genomic dna, transcription of a ds-borne beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene would be activated. sixty percent of all transposition events were associated with gus expression patterns including one linked to a mutant phenotype. patterns of gus expression were found in various orga ... | 1995 | 8552040 |
| multiple genes, tissue specificity, and expression-dependent modulationcontribute to the functional diversity of potassium channels in arabidopsis thaliana. | k+ channels play diverse roles in mediating k+ transport and in modulating the membrane potential in higher plant cells during growth and development. some of the diversity in k+ channel functions may arise from the regulated expression of multiple genes encoding different k+ channel polypeptides. here we report the isolation of a novel arabidopsis thaliana cdna (akt2) that is highly homologous to the two previously identified k+ channel genes, kat1 and akt1. this cdna mapped to the center of ch ... | 1995 | 8552711 |
| identification and characterization of a phloem-specific beta-amylase. | a monoclonal antibody, rs 5, was raised by injecting sieve elements isolated from tissue cultures of streptanthus tortuosus (brassicacae) into balb/c mice and screening resultant hybridoma supernatants for the labeling of phloem using immunofluorescence microscopy. the rs 5 monoclonal antibody identifies a 57-kd protein on immunoblots, which is present in phloem-forming tissue cultures of s. tortuosus but is absent in cultures that lack phloem. purified 57-kd protein of s. tortuosus is demonstra ... | 1995 | 8552713 |
| an arabidopsis thaliana thionin gene is inducible via a signal transduction pathway different from that for pathogenesis-related proteins. | two cdnas encoding thionin preproteins have been isolated from arabidopsis thaliana. the corresponding genes have been designated thi2.1 and thi2.2. southern blot analysis suggests that a. thaliana most probably contains single genes for both thionins. thi2.2 transcripts have a low basal level in seedlings and show circadian variation. thi2.2 transcripts were also detected in rosette leaves. no potent elicitors have been found for the thi2.2 gene. transcripts of the thi2.1 gene are not detectabl ... | 1995 | 8552715 |
| copper-sensitive mutant of arabidopsis thaliana. | a cu-sensitive mutant, cup1-1, of arabidopsis thaliana has a pattern of heavy-metal sensitivity different from that of the cad1 and cad2 mutants, which are deficient in phytochelatin biosynthesis. the latter are significantly sensitive to cd and hg and only slightly sensitive to cu, whereas the cup1-1 mutant is significantly sensitive to cu, slightly sensitive to cd, and not more sensitive to hg, compared to the wild type. genetic analysis has shown that the sensitive phenotype is recessive to t ... | 1995 | 8552718 |
| isolation, expression, and evolution of the gene encoding mitochondrial elongation factor tu in arabidopsis thaliana. | we have characterized a second nuclear gene (tufm) in arabidopsis thaliana that encodes a eubacterial-like protein synthesis elongation factor tu (ef-tu). this gene does not closely resemble the previously described arabidopsis nuclear tufa gene, which encodes the plastid ef-tu, and does not contain sequence elements found in all cyanobacterial and plastid tufa genes. however, the predicted amino acid sequence includes an n-terminal extension which resembles an organellar targeting sequence and ... | 1995 | 8555448 |
| organization and expression of the gene coding for the potassium transport system akt1 of arabidopsis thaliana. | we have isolated and sequenced the genomic clone coding for the potassium transport system akt1 of arabidopsis thaliana. southern blot analysis indicated that the gene is present in one copy in the arabidopsis genome. the coding sequence is interrupted by ten introns. sequence comparisons of akt1 polypeptide with the voltage-gated inward rectifying arabidopsis k+ channel kat1, and with voltage- or cyclic nucleotide-gated channels from insects and mammals, revealed a highly conserved domain found ... | 1995 | 8555458 |
| alternative oxidase from mango (mangifera indica, l.) is differentially regulated during fruit ripening. | alternative oxidase is a respiratory-chain component of higher plants and fungi that catalyzes cyanide-resistant oxygen consumption. the activity of a alternative oxidase has been detected during ripening in several climacteric fruit including mango (mangifera indica l.). synthetic oligonucleotides, corresponding to conserved regions of the sauromatum guttatum and arabidopsis thaliana nucleotide sequences, were used as primers for polymerase chain reaction to amplify genomic dna extracted from m ... | 1995 | 8555961 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of arabidopsis thaliana. application in t-dna tagging. | 1995 | 8563830 | |
| effects of gibberellins on seed germination of phytochrome-deficient mutants of arabidopsis thaliana. | experiments were carried out to explore the involvement of gibberellins (gas) in the light-induced germination of arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh, using wild type (wt) and phytochrome-deficient mutants (phya, phyb and phyaphyb deficient in phytochrome a, b and a plus b, respectively). seed germination of wt and phytochrome-deficient mutants was inhibited by uniconazole (an inhibitor of an early step in biosynthesis of ga, the oxidation of ent-kaurene) and prohexadione (an inhibitor of late steps ... | 1995 | 8564296 |
| effects of sulfate concentrations on the expression of a soybean seed storage protein gene and its reversibility in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana. | transgenic expression of genes encoding the alpha' and beta subunits of beta-conglycinin, one of the major seed storage proteins of soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.), was analyzed in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. under conditions of sulfate deficiency. temporal patterns of expression of both the intact beta subunit gene and the beta subunit gene promoter fused to the beta-glucuronidase (gus) gene are similar in soil-less cultures using rockwool, suggesting that the response to sulfate deficien ... | 1995 | 8564302 |
| touch-inducible genes for calmodulin and a calmodulin-related protein are located in tandem on a chromosome of arabidopsis thaliana. | genes for calmodulin and calmodulin-related proteins in arabidopsis are up-regulated by a variety of physical stimuli, which include rain, wind and touch [braam and davis (1990) cell 60: 357]. we have isolated five genes for calmodulin (atcal1, 2, 3, 5, 6) and one gene for a calmodulin-related protein (atcal4) from an arabidopsis genomic library. touch stimulus of arabidopsis plants induces the accumulation of mrna transcribed from atcal4 and atcal5, but not from the other isolated genes. the tw ... | 1995 | 8564305 |
| characterization of two members (acs1 and acs3) of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene family of arabidopsis thaliana. | the nucleotide sequences of two highly homologous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (acc) synthase (acs; ec 4.4.1.14)-encoding genes, acs1 and acs3, of arabidopsis thaliana (at) have been determined. the sequence analysis shows that acs3 is a pseudogene representing a truncated version of acs1. the missing region of acs3 corresponding to the fourth exon of acs1 has been shown by southern analysis to be absent in the at genome. the chromosomal locations of the five members of the at acs multigene ... | 1995 | 8566772 |
| isolation and characterization of a cdna encoding arabidopsis thaliana 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a synthase. | an 1.7-kb arabidopsis thaliana (at) cdna was isolated by complementation of a bap1 mutation affecting the transport of branched-chain amino acids (aa) in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the determination of the nucleotide (nt) sequence revealed an open reading frame of 1383 nt which may encode a protein of 461 aa with a predicted molecular mass of 51,038 da. the deduced aa sequence exhibited strong similarities with mammalian 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme a synthase (hmgs) sequences. a ... | 1995 | 8566777 |
| arabidopsis expresses two genes that encode polypeptides similar to the yeast rna polymerase i and iii ac40 subunit. | a 40-kda subunit in eukaryotic rna polymerases (pol) i and iii (e.g., yeast yac40) is related in a part of its aa sequence to the alpha subunit of prokaryotic pol and to a 35-44-kda subunit in pol ii (e.g., yeast yb44). we have cloned two cdnas, atrpac42 and atrpac43, from an arabidopsis thaliana (at) (ecotype columbia) lambda yes expression library that encode pol i and iii subunits related to yac40. the aa sequences derived from the cdna clones were found to be 72% identical to each other and ... | 1995 | 8566778 |
| kinetics and specificity of a h+/amino acid transporter from arabidopsis thaliana. | the amino acid transporter aap1/nat2 recently cloned from arabidopsis thaliana was expressed in xenopus oocytes, and we used electrophysiological, radiotracer flux, and electron microscopic methods to characterize the biophysical properties, kinetics, and specificity of the transporter. uptake of alanine was h(+)-dependent increasing from 14 pmol/oocyte/h at 0.032 microm h+ to 370 pmol/oocyte/h at 10 microm h+. aap1 was electrogenic; there was an amino acid-induced depolarization of the oocyte p ... | 1996 | 8567681 |
| mapping of the nucleolus organizer region on chromosome 4 in arabidopsis thaliana. | in arabidopsis thaliana the ribosomal rna genes (rrna genes or rdna) are clustered in tandemly repeated blocks in two nucleolus organizer regions (nors). cytogenetic analysis has shown that the nors are localized on chromosome 2 (nor 2) and 4 (nor 4). recently the map position of nor 2 was determined using a rflp which was larger than 100 kb. in the course of a fingerprint analysis of different arabidopsis ecotypes we have detected four rdna polymorphisms between the ecotypes landsberg (la) and ... | 1996 | 8569682 |
| a gene encoding a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase is induced simultaneously with genes for a mitogen-activated protein kinase and an s6 ribosomal protein kinase by touch, cold, and water stress in arabidopsis thaliana. | we describe here the cloning and characterization of a cdna encoding a protein kinase that has high sequence homology to members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) kinase kinase (mapkkk or mekk) family; this cdna is named catmekki (arabidopsis thaliana map kinase or erk kinase kinase 1). the catalytic domain of the putative atmekk1 protein shows approximately 40% identity with the amino acid sequences of the catalytic domains of mapkkks (such as byr2 from schizosaccharomyces pombe, s ... | 1996 | 8570631 |
| the expression of the athb-8 homeobox gene is restricted to provascular cells in arabidopsis thaliana. | we have characterized an arabidopsis homeobox gene coding for a putative dna binding protein that represents an early marker for vascular development. the full-length cdna encodes a protein of 833 amino acids that we have designated athb-8; it contains the conserved dna binding domain that characterizes the hd-zip family of transcription factors. rna analysis showed that the athb-8 gene is expressed during the vegetative and the reproductive phases of plant growth. a higher steady-state level of ... | 1995 | 8575317 |
| regulation of flowering time: arabidopsis as a model system to study genes that promote or delay flowering. | the time that plants flower is often tightly regulated and adapted to the locations in which they grow. the basis of this regulation has been analysed using genetic and physiological approaches since the early decades of this century. the study of flowering time in the model plant species arabidopsis thaliana has allowed many genes involved in regulating flowering time to be identified as mutations, and for the genetic interactions between these mutations to have been studied. furthermore, two g ... | 1995 | 8577847 |
| contrasting roles in ion transport of two k(+)-channel types in root cells of arabidopsis thaliana. | plant roots accumulate k+ over a range of external concentrations. root cells have evolved at least two parallel plasma-membrane k+ transporters which operate at millimolar and micromolar external [k+]: high-affinity k+ uptake is energised by symport with h+, while low-affinity uptake is assumed to occur via ion channels. to determine the role of ion channels in low-affinity k+ uptake, a characterisation of the principal k(+)-selective ion channels in the plasma membrane of arabidopsis thaliana ... | 1995 | 8580759 |
| acclimation of arabidopsis thaliana to the light environment: regulation of chloroplast composition. | the regulation by light of the composition of the photosynthetic apparatus was investigated in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. cv. landsberg erecta. when grown in high- and low-irradiance white light, wild-type plants and photomorphogenic mutants showed large differences in their maximum photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll a/b ratios; such changes were abolished by growth in red light. photosystem i (psi) and psii levels were measured in wild-type plants grown under a range of light environment ... | 1995 | 8580761 |
| isolation and classification of chlorophyll-deficient xantha mutants of arabidopsis thaliana. | mutant lines of arabidopsis thaliana that are either blocked at various steps of the biosynthetic pathway of chlorophyll (chl) or that are disturbed in one of the subsequent steps leading to the assembly of an active photosynthetic membrane were isolated by screening for chl-deficient xantha (xan) mutants. only mutants that segregated in a 3:1 ratio, that contained the same carotenoid spectrum as etiolated wild-type seedlings and less than 2% of the chl of wild-type control seedlings, and whose ... | 1995 | 8580762 |
| stimulation of radial expansion in arabidopsis roots by inhibitors of actomyosin and vesicle secretion but not by various inhibitors of metabolism. | plant morphogenesis depends on accurate control over growth anisotropy. to learn to what extent the control of growth anisotropy depends on cellular metabolism, we surveyed the response of growing roots to a range of inhibitors. seedlings of arabidopsis thaliana l. (heynh), 7-8 d old, were transplanted onto plates containing an inhibitor, and elongation and radial expansion of roots were measured over the subsequent 2-d period. fourteen inhibitors of diverse metabolic processes inhibited root el ... | 1995 | 8580764 |
| the 5' untranslated region of arabidopsis thaliana calmodulin cdna is an independent cdna containing an open reading frame. | a cdna clone, pauk1, with an open reading frame (orf) coding for a hypothetical 164-amino-acid protein was isolated from an arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh cdna library. the clone was attached, tail to tail, to the 3' end of a. thaliana hexokinase cdna. an almost identical sequence had been previously described as the 5' untranslated region (5' utr) of a. thaliana calmodulin cdna (acam-2). sequence comparison with three additional a. thaliana truncated cdna clones which appear in a database (gen ... | 1996 | 8580768 |
| purification and characterisation of soluble invertases from leaves of arabidopsis thaliana. | multiple isoforms of beta-fructofuranosidase (invertase, ec 3.2.1.26) were identified in mature green leaves of the cruciferous plant arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. there were four major and one minor isoforms of soluble acid invertase and an additional activity which could be released from the cell wall by buffers of high ionic strength. this study reports the separation and characterisation of three soluble isoforms following ammonium sulphate and polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitations, con ... | 1996 | 8580769 |
| cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase from arabidopsis thaliana l. is encoded by a small multigene family. | a second cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (capx; ec 1.11.1.11) gene from arabidopsis thaliana has been characterised. this second gene (designated apx1b) maps to linkage group 3 and potentially encodes a capx as closely related to that from other dicotyledonous species as to the other member of this gene family (kubo et al., 1993, febs lett 315: 313 317; here designated apx1a), which maps to linkage group 1. in contrast, the lack of sequence similarity in non-coding regions of the genes implies th ... | 1996 | 8580771 |
| intracellular magnetophoresis of amyloplasts and induction of root curvature. | high-gradient magnetic fields (hgmfs) were used to induce intracellular magnetophoresis of amyloplasts. the hgmfs were generated by placing a small ferromagnetic wedge into a uniform magnetic field or at the gap edge between two permanent magnets. in the vicinity of the tip of the wedge the dynamic factor of the magnetic field, delta(h2/2), was about 10(9) oe2.cm-1, which subjected the amyloplasts to a force comparable to that of gravity. when roots of 2-d-old seedlings of flax (linum usitatissi ... | 1996 | 8580774 |
| ethylene is a positive regulator of root hair development in arabidopsis thaliana. | evidence is provided that ethylene is a positive regulator of hair cell development in the root epidermis of arabidopsis thaliana. treatment of seedlings with increasing concentrations of the ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) results in progressively more root hair cells developing in positions normally occupied by non-hair cells. consistent with these findings are observations that treatments that block either ethylene synthesis or its perception reduce the number ... | 1995 | 8580964 |
| isolation of two novel myb-like genes from arabidopsis and studies on the dna-binding properties of their products. | two novel myb-like genes (atmyb6 and atmyb7) were isolated from an arabidopsis thaliana cdna library. the entire proteins or the myb domains encoded by the genes were expressed as fusion proteins in escherichia coli. the dna-binding domain of the murine c-myb was also expressed in the same way for use in comparative studies. the fusion proteins were examined for their dna-binding activity using the animal c-myb dna-binding site (mbs) and the binding site of the maize p gene product (pbs). the my ... | 1995 | 8580966 |
| metabolic regulation of asparagine synthetase gene expression in maize (zea mays l.) root tips. | differential hybridization of a cdna library constructed with poly(a)+ mrna from 24 h starved maize (zea mays l.) root tips, resulted in the isolation of a cdna (called pzss1) that was highly induced during glucose deprivation. the nucleotide sequence analysis of the full-length cdna allowed its identification by comparison with sequence data bases. the 586 amino acid sequence encoded by pzss1 was shown to be about 60% identical to sequences of asparagine synthetases (ec 6.3.5.4) from asparagus ... | 1996 | 8580967 |
| further progress towards a catalogue of all arabidopsis genes: analysis of a set of 5000 non-redundant ests. | nearly 7000 arabidopsis thaliana-expressed sequence tags (ests) from 10 cdna libraries have been sequenced, of which almost 5000 non-redundant tags have been submitted to the embl data bank. the quality of the cdna libraries used is analysed. similarity searches in international protein data banks have allowed the detection of significant similarities to a wide range of proteins from many organisms. alignment with ests from the rice systematic sequencing project has allowed the detection of amin ... | 1996 | 8580968 |
| comparative mapping in arabidopsis and brassica, fine scale genome collinearity and congruence of genes controlling flowering time. | the model dicotyledonous plant, arabidopsis thaliana, is closely related to brassica crop species. it is intended that information concerning the genetic control of basic biological processes in arabidopsis will be transferable to other species. genome collinearity and its potential to facilitate the identification of candidate genes in arabidopsis homologous to genes controlling important agronomic traits in brassica was investigated. genetic mapping in b. nigra identified two loci influencing ... | 1996 | 8580970 |
| inward rectifier potassium channels in plants differ from their animal counterparts in response to voltage and channel modulators. | we have investigated the electrophysiological basis of potassium inward rectification of the kat1 gene product from arabidopsis thaliana expressed in xenopus oocytes and of functionally related k+ channels in the plasma membrane of guard and root cells from vicia faba and zea mays. the whole-cell currents passed by these channels activate, following steps to membrane potentials more negative than -100 mv, with half activation times of tens of milliseconds. this voltage dependence was unaffected ... | 1995 | 8582318 |
| a biotechnological approach to improving the nutritive value of alfalfa. | the postruminal supply of the sulfur-containing amino acids, methionine and cysteine, has been reported to be a major limitation to wool growth in sheep. we aim to improve the protein quality of forage for ruminants by introducing into alfalfa chimeric genes encoding a ruminally stable, sulfur amino acid-rich protein from sunflower seeds. four gene constructs were transferred to australian commercial cultivars of alfalfa using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and selection with ... | 1995 | 8582868 |
| intra- and interspecific variation of the alcohol dehydrogenase locus region in wild plants arabis gemmifera and arabidopsis thaliana. | 1996 | 8587508 | |
| ultraviolet-b- and ozone-induced biochemical changes in antioxidant enzymes of arabidopsis thaliana. | earlier studies with arabidopsis thaliana exposed to ultraviolet b (uv-b) and ozone (o3) have indicated the differential responses of superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase. in this study, we have investigated whether a. thaliana genotype landsberg erecta and its flavonoid-deficient mutant transparent testa (tt5) is capable of metabolizing uv-b- and o3-induced activated oxygen species by invoking similar antioxidant enzymes. uv-b exposure preferentially enhanced guaiacol-peroxidases, asc ... | 1996 | 8587977 |
| phytochrome a regulates red-light induction of phototropic enhancement in arabidopsis. | phytochrome a (phya) and phytochrome b photoreceptors have distinct roles in the regulation of plant growth and development. studies using specific photomorphogenic mutants and transgenic plants overexpressing phytochrome have supported an evolving picture in which phya and phytochrome b are responsive to continuous far-red and red light, respectively. photomorphogenic mutants of arabidopsis thaliana that had been selected for their inability to respond to continuous irradiance conditions were t ... | 1996 | 8587979 |
| cloning of a second arabidopsis peptide transport gene. | previously, we reported the isolation of a peptide transport gene designated atptr2 from arabidopsis thaliana by functional complementation of a yeast peptide transport mutant. we now report the isolation of a second peptide transport gene (atptr2-b) from arabidopsis using the same approach. similar to the effects of transferring atptr2-a (previously called atptr2), transfer of atptr2-b to yeast peptide transport mutants restored the ability to grow on di- and tripeptides but not peptides four r ... | 1996 | 8587981 |
| arabidopsis mutants with a reduced seed dormancy. | the development of seed dormancy is an aspect of seed maturation, the last stage of seed development. to isolate mutants of arabidopsis thaliana that are affected in this process, we selected directly for the absence of dormancy among freshly harvested m2 seeds. the screen yielded two mutants exhibiting a reduced dormancy, rdo1 and rdo2, that are specifically affected in dormancy determined by the embryo. the rdo1 and rdo2 mutants show normal levels of abscisic acid and the same sensitivity to a ... | 1996 | 8587986 |
| the arabidopsis thaliana trp5 mutant has a feedback-resistant anthranilate synthase and elevated soluble tryptophan. | the first step of tryptophan biosynthesis is catalyzed by anthranilate synthase (as), which is normally subject to feedback inhibition by tryptophan. three independent trp5 mutants defective in the arabidopsis thaliana as alpha subunit structural gene asa1 were identified by selection for resistance to the herbicidal compound 6-methylanthranilate. in all three mutants these biochemical changes are caused by a single amino acid substitution from aspartate to asparagine at residue position 341. co ... | 1996 | 8587994 |
| the sequence and expression of the gamma-vpe gene, one member of a family of three genes for vacuolar processing enzymes in arabidopsis thaliana. | vacuolar processing enzymes (vpes) are responsible for the maturation of seed proteins. southern blot analysis showed that a family of genes for vpes in arabidopsis thaliana was composed of three genes, for alpha-vpe, beta-vpe and gamma-vpe, respectively. the gene for gamma-vpe was isolated from a genomic library. it was composed of nine exons and eight introns. the positions of the introns were fully conserved among the three genes, with the exception that the alpha-vpe gene was missing the fif ... | 1995 | 8589932 |
| identification and characterization of the arabidopsis thaliana chloroplast dna region containing the genes psba, trnh and rps19'. | a 1887-nucleotide chloroplast-dna region from arabidopsis thaliana was analyzed. it contains the conserved genes psba for the precursor of the d1 reaction-centre protein of photosystem ii, trnh for trnahis, and rps19' for the 6.8-kda protein of the small ribosomal subunit. northern hybridization and rnase protection experiments suggest co-transcription of a minor rna fraction over the full lengths of psba and the preceding trnk-uuu gene, but not including downstream trnh sequences. in front of t ... | 1995 | 8590463 |
| characterization of the nuclear gene encoding chloroplast ribosomal protein s13 from arabidopsis thaliana. | we have characterised a cdna clone and a nuclear gene encoding the chloroplast 30 s ribosomal protein s13 from arabidopsis thaliana. the identification is based on the high similarity of the predicted amino-acid sequence with eubacterial s13 protein sequences, and immunodetection of a 14.5-kda chloroplast ribosomal polypeptide using antibodies raised against the polypeptide produced from part of the cdna expressed in bacteria. the predicted amino-acid sequence contains an n-terminal extension wh ... | 1995 | 8590480 |
| investigation of plant organellar dnas by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | mitochondrial (mt) dnas from several higher-plant species (arabidopsis thaliana, beta vulgaris, brassica hirta, chenopodium album, oenothera berteriana, zea mays) were separated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). hybridization of the separated dna with mtdna-specific probes revealed an identical distribution of mtdna sequences in all cases: part of the dna formed a smear of linear molecules migrating into the gel, the rest remained in the well. hybridization signals in the compression z ... | 1995 | 8590487 |
| heat-inducible expression system for a foreign gene in cultured tobacco cells using the hsp18.2 promoter of arabidopsis thaliana. | a system for the controlled expression of a foreign gene in cultured tobacco cells (nicotiana tabacum, by2) by temperature shift was constructed. a 925-base-pair (bp) dna fragment containing the 5'-flanking region of a low-molecular-mass heat-shock protein gene (hsp18.2) of arabidopsis thaliana was inserted upstream of the beta-glucuronidase reporter gene (gus). the resulting hsp18.2-gus construct was introduced into by2 cells by electroporation or agrobacterium-mediated transformation. transien ... | 1995 | 8597550 |
| arabidopsis thaliana cdna isolated by functional complementation shows homology to serine/threonine protein kinases. | the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae ste6 mutant is defective in transport of a-mating factor, resulting in an inability of ste6 a cells to mate with alpha cells. the gene encodes an atp-binding cassette, abc transporter. we used functional complementation of a yeast ste6 mutant with an arabidopsis thaliana expression library in an attempt to clone an arabidopsis homolog. sequence analysis of the isolated arabidopsis complementing cdna however showed no homology to the ste6 gene. high sequence sim ... | 1996 | 8597596 |
| functional expression of the plant k+ channel kat1 in insect cells. | following the biophysical analysis of plant k+ channels in their natural environment, three members from the green branch of the evolutionary tree of life kat1, akt1, and kst1 have recently been identified on the molecular level. among them, we focussed on the expression and characterization of the arabidopsis thaliana k+ channel kat1 in the insect cell line sf9. the infection of sf9 cells with kat1-recombinant baculovirus resulted in functional expression of kat1 channels, which was monitored b ... | 1996 | 8601430 |
| promoter and expression studies on an arabidopsis thaliana dehydrin gene. | a genomic clone of a group 2 lea/rab/dehydrin gene from arabidopsis thaliana, xero2/lti30, was cloned and sequenced. promoter-gus fusions were introduced into plants to analyse the promoter and determine expression patterns. using root cultures, gus expression was found to be moderately stimulated by abscisic acid (aba), wounding, cold and dehydration. results with an aba-deficient mutant suggested endogenous aba is required for these responses. promoter deletion studies indicated multiple cis-a ... | 1996 | 8601466 |
| structural genes for mg-chelatase subunits in barley: xantha-f, -g and -h. | barley mutants in the loci xantha-f, xantha-g and xantha-h, when fed with 5-aminolevulinate in the dark, accumulate protoporphyrin ix. mutant alleles at these loci that are completely blocked in protochlorophyllide synthesis are also blocked in development of prolamellar bodies in etioplasts. in contrast to wild type, the xan-f, -g and -h mutants had no detectable mg-chelatase activity, whereas they all had methyltransferase activity for synthesis of mg-protoporphyrin monomethyl ester. antibodie ... | 1996 | 8602155 |
| a second and differentially expressed glutamyl-trna reductase gene from arabidopsis thaliana. | 5-aminolevulinic acid (ala) is the universal precursor of tetrapyrroles (e.g., chlorophylls and hemes). in the chloroplasts of plants and in several eubacterial species ala is formed in a two-step process known as the c5 pathway. in the first step, glutamyl-trna reductase (glutr), converts glutamate of glutamyl-trna to glutamate 1-semialdehyde (gsa) which is rearranged to ala by glutamate 1-semialdehyde-2,1-aminomutase (gsa-a) in the second step. since ala formation is a limiting step in chlorop ... | 1996 | 8605295 |
| molecular characterization of the gene coding for gprp, a class of proteins rich in glycine and proline interacting with membranes in arabidopsis thaliana. | the gene coding for a new class of proteins rich in glycine and proline (gprp) was cloned in arabidopsis thaliana. in the protein sequence, five amino acids - glycine, proline, alanine, tyrosine and histidine - account for 79.4% of the total composition. the protein has two different glycine-rich domains interrupted by a hydrophobic segment having a high probability of helix formation. the protein synthesized in vitro interacts with microsomes possibly through the hydrophobic domain. the gene in ... | 1996 | 8605310 |
| molecular cloning of a cdna encoding diacylglycerol kinase (dgk) in arabidopsis thaliana. | diacylglycerol kinase (dgk) synthesizes phosphatidic acid from diacylglycerol, an activator of protein kinase c (pkc), to resynthesize phosphatidylinositols. the structure of dgk has not been characterized in plants. we report the cloning of a cdna, catdgk1, encoding dgk from arabidopsis thaliana. the catdgk1 cdna contains an open reading frame of 2184 bp, and encodes a putative protein of 728 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 79.4 kda. the deduced atdgk1 amino acid sequence exhibit ... | 1996 | 8605313 |
| blasticidin s deaminase gene (bsd): a new selection marker gene for transformation of arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana tabacum. | arabidopsis thaliana and nicotiana tabacum were transformed to blasticidin s (bs) resistance with bsd (the bs deaminase gene from aspergillus terreus) using the agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. expression of bsd allowed direct selection of transformants by the fungicide, and both kinds of transgenic plants showed high level of resistance phenotype at 100 ppm of bs sprayed on the leaves. using botrytis cinerea, the causal fungus of gray mold disease, it was exemplified that applicati ... | 1995 | 8611760 |
| cloning of arabidopsis thaliana glutathione synthetase (gsh2) by functional complementation of a yeast gsh2 mutant. | glutathione (l-gamma-glutamyl-l-cysteinylglycine, gsh) plays an important role in the protection of plants against various types of stress caused by reactive oxygen species, gazeous pollutants, heavy metals and xenobiotics. a cdna fragment containing the entire coding unit for glutathione synthetase (gsh2) of arabidopsis thaliana was cloned by complementation of the methylglyoxal sensitivity of a gsh2 mutant of the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. the cdna encodes a protein of 478 amino acids (de ... | 1996 | 8612643 |
| generation of active oxygen in elicited cells of arabidopsis thaliana is mediated by a nadph oxidase-like enzyme. | suspension-cultured cells of arabidopsis thaliana generated active oxygen species (aos) (measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence) following challenge with the bacterial protein elicitor harpin or the protein kinase activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. these responses were blocked by inhibitors of superoxide dismutase (sod), nadph oxidase and protein kinase. harpin treatment also resulted in an increase in cell death, a response reduced by inhibitors of aos generation or aos scaveng ... | 1996 | 8612756 |
| functional expression of uridine 5'-diphospho-glucose 4-epimerase (ec 5.1.3.2) from arabidopsis thaliana in saccharomyces cerevisiae and escherichia coli. | it is our goal to investigate the biosynthesis of galactose-containing compounds in higher plants. searching a database of expressed sequence tags, a cdna from arabidopsis thaliana (clone 108g20t7) with sequence similarity to udp-glucose epimerase was identified and further analyzed. the 1356-bp-long cdna included an open reading frame predicted to encode a 351 amino acid protein of 39 kda. the presumed protein sequence showed a high degree of similarity to udp-glucose epimerase sequences from b ... | 1996 | 8615692 |
| differential stimulation of nad kinase and binding of peptide substrates by wild-type and mutant plant calmodulin isoforms. | calmodulin from arabidopsis thaliana consists of at least four isoforms, which differ in their deduced amino acid sequences by as many as six conservative substitutions. to determine whether these differences are biochemically significant, cdnas encoding three of the four isoforms were engineered to produce recombinant proteins in escherichia coli, purified to apparent homogeneity, and assayed for their abilities to activate pea leaf nad kinase in vitro. the cam-2 isoform was a significantly mor ... | 1996 | 8615696 |
| cell cycle-dependent accumulation of a kinesin-like protein, katb/c in synchronized tobacco by-2 cells. | immunoblot analysis with antibodies prepared against highly purified recombinant truncated kinesin-like proteins, katb(5-249) and katc(207-754), encoded by the katb and katc genes of arabidopsis thaliana revealed the presence of a kinesin-like polypeptide, termed katb/c, in cultured tobacco by-2 cells. the katb/c polypeptide cosedimented with microtubules in the presence of a nonhydrolyzable atp analogue and was released from microtubules in the presence of atp, both of which are characteristics ... | 1996 | 8616235 |
| nucleotide sequence of chinese rape mosaic virus (oilseed rape mosaic virus), a crucifer tobamovirus infectious on arabidopsis thaliana. | the complete nucleotide sequence of chinese rape mosaic virus has been determined. the virus is a member of the tobamovirus genus of plant virus and is able to infect arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh systemically. the analysis of the sequence shows a gene array that seems to be characteristic of crucifer tobamoviruses and which is slightly different from the one most frequently found in tobamoviruses. based on gene organization and on comparisons of sequence homologies between members of the toba ... | 1996 | 8616237 |
| transaldolase genes from the cyanobacteria anabaena variabilis and synechocystis sp. pcc 6803: comparison with other eubacterial and eukaryotic homologues. | we have sequenced and analysed the transaldolase (tal) genes from two cyanobacteria, anabaena variabilis (atcc 29413) and synechocystis sp. pcc 6803, which are filamentous heterocyst-forming and unicellular organisms, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequences of the two cyanobacterial tal genes are 78% identical and are highly homologous to both eubacterial and eukaryotic transaldolases (escherichia coli, two yeasts, and man) with values ranging from 54 to 60% amino acid identity. in contra ... | 1996 | 8616240 |
| two closely related cdnas encoding starch branching enzyme from arabidopsis thaliana. | two starch branching enzyme (sbe) cdnas were identified in an arabidopsis seedling hypocotyl library using maize sbe1 and sbe2 cdnas as probes. the two cdnas have diverged 5' and 3' ends, but encode proteins which share 90% identity over an extensive region with 70% identity to maize sbe iib [12]. genomic southern blots suggest that the two cdnas are the products of single, independent genes, and that additional, more distantly related sbe genes may exist in the arabidopsis genome. the two cdnas ... | 1996 | 8616246 |
| association between 36- and 13.6-kda alpha-like subunits of arabidopsis thaliana rna polymerase ii. | two subunits in rna polymerase ii (e.g. rpb3 and rpb11 in yeast) and two subunits common to rna polymerases i and iii (e.g. ac40 and ac19 in yeast) contain one or two motifs related to the alpha subunit in prokaryotic rna polymerases. we have sequenced two different cdnas (atrpb36a and atrpb36b), the two corresponding genes from arabidopsis thaliana that are homologs of yeast rpb3, and an arabidopsis cdna (atrpb13.6) that is a homolog of yeast rpb11. the b36a subunit is the predominant b36 subun ... | 1996 | 8617787 |
| initiation patterns of flower and floral organ development in arabidopsis thaliana. | sector boundary analysis has been used to deduce the number and orientation of cells initiating flower and floral organ development in arabidopsis thaliana. sectors were produced in transgenic plants carrying the ac transposon from maize inserted between the constitutive 35s promoter and the gus reporter gene. excision of the transposon results in a blue-staining sector. plants were chosen in which an early arising sector passed from vegetative regions into the inflorescence and through a mature ... | 1996 | 8620836 |
| the homeobox gene glabra2 is required for position-dependent cell differentiation in the root epidermis of arabidopsis thaliana. | the role of the arabidopsis homeobox gene, glabra 2 (gl2), in the development of the root epidermis has been investigated. the wild-type epidermis is composed of two cell types, root-hair cells and hairless cells, which are located at distinct positions within the root, implying that positional cues control cell-type differentiation. during the development of the root epidermis, the differentiating root-hair cells (trichoblasts) and the differentiating hairless cells (atrichoblasts) can be disti ... | 1996 | 8620852 |
| mutations in the perianthia gene of arabidopsis specifically alter floral organ number and initiation pattern. | an open question in developmental biology is how groups of dividing cells can generate specific numbers of segments or organs. we describe the phenotypic effects of mutations in perianthia, a gene specifically required for floral organ patterning in arabidopsis thaliana. most wild-type arabidopsis flowers have 4 sepals, 4 petals, 6 stamens, and 2 carpels. flowers of perianthia mutant plants most commonly show a pentamerous pattern of 5 sepals, 5 petals 5 stamens, and 2 carpels. this pattern is c ... | 1996 | 8620853 |
| functional and genetic characterization of the (methyl)ammonium uptake carrier of corynebacterium glutamicum. | under nitrogen starvation conditions, corynebacterium glutamicum was found to take up methylammonium at a rate of 20 +/- 5 nmol.min-1.(mg dry weight)-1. the specific activity of this uptake was 10-fold lower when growing the cells under sufficient nitrogen supply, indicating a tight regulation on the expression level. the methylammonium uptake showed michaelis-menten kinetics with an km of 44 +/- 7 microm and was completely inhibited by the addition of 10 microm ammonium. this finding and the fa ... | 1996 | 8621394 |
| mercuric ion reduction and resistance in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing a modified bacterial mera gene. | with global heavy metal contamination increasing, plants that can process heavy metals might provide efficient and ecologically sound approaches to sequestration and removal. mercuric ion reductase, mera, converts toxic hg2+ to the less toxic, relatively inert metallic mercury (hg0) the bacterial mera sequence is rich in cpg dinucleotides and has a highly skewed codon usage, both of which are particularly unfavorable to efficient expression in plants. we constructed a mutagenized mera sequence, ... | 1996 | 8622910 |
| a distinctly regulated protein repair l-isoaspartylmethyltransferase from arabidopsis thaliana. | protein-l-isoaspartate (d-aspartate) o-methyltransferases (ec 2.1.1.77) that catalyze the transfer of methyl groups from s-adenosylmethionine to abnormal l-isoaspartyl and d-aspartyl residues in a variety of peptides and proteins are widely distributed in procaryotes and eucaryotes. these enzymes participate in the repair of spontaneous protein damage by facilitating the conversion of l-isoaspartyl and d-aspartyl residues to normal l-aspartyl residues. in this work, we have identified an l-isoas ... | 1996 | 8624405 |
| a senescence-associated gene of arabidopsis thaliana is distinctively regulated during natural and artificially induced leaf senescence. | we have characterized the structure and expression of a senescence-associated gene (sen1) of arabidopsis thaliana. the protein-coding region of the gene consists of 5 exons encoding 182 amino acids. the encoded peptide shows noticeable similarity to the bacterial sulfide dehydrogenase and 81% identity to the peptide encoded by the radish din1 gene. the 5'-upstream region contains sequence motifs resembling the heat-shock- and aba-responsive elements and the tca motif conserved among stress-induc ... | 1996 | 8624406 |
| isolation and characterization of an auxin-inducible glutathione s-transferase gene of arabidopsis thaliana. | genes homologous to the auxin-inducible nt103 glutathione s-transferase (gst) gene of tobacco, were isolated from a genomic library of arabidopsis thaliana. we isolated a lambda clone containing an auxin-inducible gene, at103-1a, and part of a constitutively expressed gene, at103-1b. the coding regions of the arabidopsis genes were highly homologous to each other and to the coding region of the tobacco gene but distinct from the gst genes that have been isolated from arabidopsis thusfar. overexp ... | 1996 | 8624414 |
| two dominant photomorphogenic mutations of arabidopsis thaliana identified as suppressor mutations of hy2. | by screening suppressor mutants of the hy2 mutation of arabidopsis thaliana, two dominant photomorphogenic mutants, shy1-1d and shy2-1d, for two genetic loci designated as shy1 and shy2 (suppressor of hy2 mutation) have been isolated. both of these non-allelic, extragenic suppressor mutations of hy2 are located on chromosome 1 of the arabidopsis genome. both mutations suppress the elongated hypocotyl phenotype of hy2 by light-independent inhibition of hypocotyl growth as well as by increasing th ... | 1996 | 8624510 |
| coordinate transcriptional induction of myo-inositol metabolism during environmental stress. | the pathway from glucose 6-phosphate (g 6-p) to myoinositol 1-phosphate (ins 1-p) and myo-inositol (ins) is essential for the synthesis of various metabolites. in the halophyte mesembryanthemum crystallinum (common ice plant), two enzymes, myo-inositol o-methyltransferase (imt1) and ononitol epimerase (oep1), extend this pathway and lead to the accumulation of methylated inositols, d-ononitol and d-pinitol, which serve as osmoprotectants. this paper describes transcripts for the enzyme, inps1, e ... | 1996 | 8624516 |
| a protocol for obtaining embryogenic cell lines from arabidopsis. | embryogenic cell lines with lasting embryogenic potential can be obtained from somatic embryos induced directly from zygotic embryos of arabidopsis thaliana, ecotype columbia. the response to a critical concentration of auxin, which seems to be the all-important factor in the generation of embryogenic cell lines, is exhibited by somatic embryos but not by zygotic ones. the basis for this differential response remains obscure and will be discussed in relation to other systems. | 1996 | 8624518 |
| two independent and polarized processes of cell elongation regulate leaf blade expansion in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. | for genetic analysis of mechanisms of leaf morphogenesis, we chose arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. as a model for leaf development in dicotyledonous plants. leaves of the angustifolia mutant were the same length as but narrower and thicker than wild-type leaves. the total number of cells in leaf blades of angustifolia plants was the same as in the wild type. at the cellular level in the angustifolia mutant it was found that the cells were smaller in the leaf-width direction and larger in the le ... | 1996 | 8625845 |
| molecular analysis of the arabidopsis pattern formation of gene gnom: gene structure and intragenic complementation. | the gnom gene is required for pattern formation along the main body axis of the embryo in the flowering plant arabidopsis thaliana. mutations in the gnom gene alter the asymmetric division of the zygote and interfere with the formation of distinct apical-basal regions in the developing embryo. we have isolated the gnom gene by positional cloning, characterised its structure and determined the molecular lesions in mutant alleles. although the predicted 163 kda gnom protein has a conserved domain ... | 1996 | 8628228 |
| interaction of flc and late-flowering mutations in arabidopsis thaliana. | the phenotype caused by mutations that affect the timing of flowering in arabidopsis thaliana has been most extensively analyzed in the landsberg erecta (ler) genetic background. in ler, the late-flowering phenotype of frigida and mutations in luminidependens is suppressed by the ler allele of flc. in this study, the interactions of nine mutations conferring late flowering with the flc allele of the columbia ecotype (flc-col), which does not suppress late flowering, were examined. the effect on ... | 1996 | 8628249 |
| cleaning the genbank arabidopsis thaliana data set. | data driven computational biology relies on the large quantities of genomic data stored in international sequence data banks. however, the possibilities are drastically impaired if the stored data is unreliable. during a project aiming to predict splice sites in the dicot arabidopsis thaliana, we extracted a data set from the a.thaliana entries in genbank. a number of simple 'sanity' checks, based on the nature of the data, revealed an alarmingly high error rate. more than 15% of the most import ... | 1996 | 8628656 |
| clonal analysis of the late flowering fca mutant of arabidopsis thaliana: cell fate and cell autonomy. | plants that are homozygous for the fca mutation bolt and flower later than wild-type (fca) plants. the mutation has little or no effect on the fate map of the dry seed, except that the central cells give rise to further rosette leaves instead of the bolting stem, cauling leaves and inflorescence. the large and variable sectors affecting the late rosette leaves of fca plants were used to generate an abstract frequency-distance fate map of vegetative growth. the map relates the initiation of leave ... | 1996 | 8631249 |
| cucumber t-complex protein. molecular cloning, bacterial expression and characterization within a 22-s cytosolic complex in cotyledons and hypocotyls. | t-complex protein (tcp) found in mammalian cells and yeast has been proposed as cytosolic folding machinery. we report here the cloning and initial characterization of a plant tcp cdna. cstcp-1 cdna prepared from mrna of cotyledons of germinating cucumber seeds encodes a polypeptide composed of 535 amino acid residues. the 59157-da protein exhibits only 28% identity to both tcp-1p from yeast or and its homolog in arabidopsis thaliana. antibodies raised against the bacterially expressed plant pro ... | 1996 | 8631317 |
| arabidopsis thaliana contains two differentially expressed farnesyl-diphosphate synthase genes. | the enzyme farnesyl-diphosphate synthase (fps; ec 2.5.1.1/ec 2.5.1.10) catalyzes the synthesis of farnesyl diphosphate (fpp) from isopentenyl diphosphate (ipp) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (dmapp). this reaction is considered to be a rate-limiting step in isoprenoid biosynthesis. southern blot analysis indicates that arabidopsis thaliana contains at least 2 genes (fps1 and fps2) encoding fps. the fps1 and fps2 genes have been cloned and characterized. the two genes have a very similar organizat ... | 1996 | 8631820 |
| cloning by metabolic interference in yeast and enzymatic characterization of arabidopsis thaliana sterol delta 7-reductase. | reduction of the delta 7 double bond of sterols, a key biosynthetic step in higher eukaryotes, is lacking in lower eukaryotes like the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, leading to terminal sterols with a delta 5,7-conjugated diene structure. genes encoding two sterol reductases involved, respectively, in the reduction of sterol delta 14 and delta 24(28) double bonds have been cloned to date, but no sequence information was available on the enzyme responsible for delta 7-bond reduction. this study ... | 1996 | 8631902 |
| phenotypic expression of pseudomonas syringae avr genes in e. coli is linked to the activities of the hrp-encoded secretion system. | the specific recognition of elicitors produced by plant pathogenic bacteria carrying avirulence (avr) genes is postulated to initiate cellular defense responses in plants expressing corresponding resistance genes. the biochemical functions of most avr genes, however, are not known. a heterologous system was developed to phenotypically express pseudomonas syringae avr genes in escherichia coli cells that required the p. syringae hrp cluster. e. coli mc4100 transformants carrying the plasmic-borne ... | 1996 | 8634477 |
| a novel myb-related gene from arabidopsis thaliana. | a novel myb-like gene (atmyb5) has been isolated from a genomic library of arabidopsis thaliana. the gene contains a single intron in the region coding for the myb domains. the myb domains are highly homologous to other animal and plant myb proteins. arabidopsis plants transgenic for a chimeric atmyb5 promoter/gus gene expressed the enzyme in a developmentally controlled and tissue specific manner. the gus activity was detected in developing leaf trichomes, stipules, epidermal cells on the margi ... | 1996 | 8635574 |
| characterization of an arabidopsis thaliana gene that defines a new class of putative plant receptor kinases with an extracellular lectin-like domain. | we have characterized an arabidopsis receptor-like serine/threonine kinase gene, ath.lecrk1 (arabidopsis thaliana lectin-receptor kinase), defining a new and putatively important class of plant receptor kinases. structural features of the predicted polypeptide include an amino-terminal membrane-targeting signal sequence, a legume lectin-like extracellular domain, a single membrane-spanning domain, and a characteristic serine/threonine protein kinase domain. a recombinant protein containing the k ... | 1996 | 8637009 |
| the yeast zrt1 gene encodes the zinc transporter protein of a high-affinity uptake system induced by zinc limitation. | the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae has two separate systems for zinc uptake. one system has high affinity for substrate and is induced in zinc-deficient cells. the second system has lower affinity and is not highly regulated by zinc status. the zrt1 gene encodes the transporter for the high-affinity system, called zrt1p. the predicted amino acid sequence of zrt1p is similar to that of irt1p, a probable fe(ii) transporter from arabidopsis thaliana. like irt1p, zrt1p contains eight potential trans ... | 1996 | 8637895 |
| the pr5k receptor protein kinase from arabidopsis thaliana is structurally related to a family of plant defense proteins. | we have isolated an arabidopsis thaliana gene that codes for a receptor related to antifungal pathogenesis-related (pr) proteins. the pr5k gene codes for a predicted 665-amino acid polypeptide that comprises an extracellular domain related to the pr5 proteins, a central transmembrane-spanning domain, and an intracellular protein-serine/threonine kinase. the extracellular domain of pr5k (pr5-like receptor kinase) is most highly related to acidic pr5 proteins that accumulate in the extracellular s ... | 1996 | 8637920 |
| cloning and characterization of an arabidopsis thaliana cdna clone encoding an organellar isoform of serine acetyltransferase. | we have cloned an arabidopsis thaliana cdna encoding serine acetyltransferase (ec 2.3.1.30) by functional complementation of the escherichia coli cyse mutant jm15. the cdna clone sat-1 conferred serine acetyltransferase activity (with apparent km for the two substrates acetyl coa and l-serine of 0.043 and 3.47 mmol/dm3 respectively) on the cyse mutant. the 1515 bp full-length cdna encodes a deduced protein of 391 amino acids which includes a putative chloroplastic targeting presequence. northern ... | 1996 | 8639741 |
| molecular cloning of a sulfotransferase in arabidopsis thaliana and regulation during development and in response to infection with pathogenic bacteria. | a cdna clone (raro47) encoding a sulfotransferase (st) has been isolated from arabidopsis cell suspensions. the deduced polypeptide of 302 amino acids is highly related to plant flavonol sulfotransferases (fsts), characterized for the first time in flaveria, and also to sts from animal tissue. the expression of the arabidopsis st gene(s) corresponding to rar047 was examined during different developmental stages. it was found that, at the level of steady-state mrna, expression of gene(s) encoding ... | 1996 | 8639757 |
| a mutation in protein phosphatase 2a regulatory subunit a affects auxin transport in arabidopsis. | the phytohormone auxin controls processes such as cell elongation, root hair development and root branching. tropisms, growth curvatures triggered by gravity, light and touch, are also auxin-mediated responses. auxin is synthesized in the shoot apex and transported through the stem, but the molecular mechanism of auxin transport is not well understood. naphthylphthalamic acid (npa) and other inhibitors of auxin transport block tropic curvature responses and inhibit root and shoot elongation. we ... | 1996 | 8641277 |
| transformation of saccharomyces cerevisiae with a cdna encoding a sterol c-methyltransferase from arabidopsis thaliana results in the synthesis of 24-ethyl sterols. | using an est-cdna probe, a full-length cdna (411) sequence of 1411 bp was isolated from a. thaliana. this sequence contained features typical of methyltransferases in general and in particular showed 38% identity with erg6, a s. cerevisiae gene which encodes the zymosterol-c-24-methyltransferase. a yeast vector containing this orf (4118-pyedp60) was used to transform a wild type s. cerevisiae which accumulates predominantly ergosterol, a 24-methyl sterol as well as a mutant erg6 null mutant accu ... | 1996 | 8641446 |
| intron position as an evolutionary marker of thioredoxins and thioredoxin domains. | in contrast to prokaryotes, which typically possess one thioredoxin gene per genome, three different thioredoxin types have been described in higher plants. all are encoded by nuclear genes, but thioredoxins m and f are chloroplastic while thioredoxins h have no transit peptide and are probably cytoplasmic. we have cloned and sequenced arabidopsis thaliana genomic fragments encoding the five previously described thioredoxins h, as well as a sixth gene encoding a new thioredoxin h. in spite of th ... | 1996 | 8642611 |
| cloning and sequencing of the first plant glnrs and glurs genes. | we have cloned and sequenced glutamate-trna synthetase (glurs) and glutaminyl-trna synthetase (glnrs) from arabidopsis thaliana. they have conservative motifs found in all known glxrs genes. for lupinus luteus we found only one gene of glxrs. at the moment we do not know exactly, whether it corresponds to glnrs or glurs. | 1995 | 8643358 |
| crystal structure of a human tata box-binding protein/tata element complex. | the tata box-binding protein (tbp) is required by all three eukaryotic rna polymerases for correct initiation of transcription of ribosomal, messenger, small nuclear, and transfer rnas. the cocrystal structure of the c-terminal/core region of human tbp complexed with the tata element of the adenovirus major late promoter has been determined at 1.9 angstroms resolution. structural and functional analyses of the protein-dna complex are presented, with a detailed comparison to our 1.9-angstroms res ... | 1996 | 8643494 |
| ozone-induced responses in arabidopsis thaliana: the role of salicylic acid in the accumulation of defense-related transcripts and induced resistance. | exposure of arabidopsis thaliana to ozone results in the expression of a number of defense-related genes that are also induced during a hypersensitive response. a potential common link between the activation of defense gene expression during a hypersensitive response and by ozone treatment is the production of active oxygen species and the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. here we report that salicylic acid accumulation, which can be induced by hydrogen peroxide and is required for the expressi ... | 1996 | 8643534 |
| a novel iron-regulated metal transporter from plants identified by functional expression in yeast. | iron is an essential nutrient for virtually all organisms. the irt1 (iron-regulated transporter) gene of the plant arabidopsis thaliana, encoding a probable fe(ii) transporter, was cloned by functional expression in a yeast strain defective for iron uptake. yeast expressing irt1 possess a novel fe(ii) uptake activity that is strongly inhibited by cd. irt1 is predicted to be an integral membrane protein with a metal-binding domain. data base comparisons and southern blot analysis indicated that i ... | 1996 | 8643627 |