Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| impact of a rapid respiratory panel test on patient outcomes. | evolution of polymerase chain reaction testing for infectious pathogens has occurred concurrent with a focus on value-based medicine. | 2015 | 25152311 |
| infection with novel respiratory syncytial virus genotype ontario (on1) in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients, texas, 2011-2013. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause severe respiratory disease in adult hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients. rsv subgroups a and b have evolved into multiple genotypes. we report on a recently described rsv genotype (on1) in a cohort of adult hct recipients in texas. | 2015 | 25156562 |
| randomized, double-blind study of the safety of the liquid versus lyophilized formulation of palivizumab in premature infants and children with chronic lung disease of prematurity. | to avoid the need for reconstitution required by lyophilized palivizumab, a liquid formulation was developed. this study assessed the safety and antidrug antibodies (ada) of the liquid formulation of palivizumab compared with the lyophilized formulation. | 2014 | 25156956 |
| attenuation of human respiratory syncytial virus by genome-scale codon-pair deoptimization. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory-tract disease worldwide. a vaccine or generally effective antiviral drug is not yet available. we designed new live attenuated rsv vaccine candidates by codon-pair deoptimization (cpd). specifically, viral orfs were recoded by rearranging existing synonymous codons to increase the content of underrepresented codon pairs. amino acid coding was completely unchanged. four cpd rsv genomes were ... | 2014 | 25157129 |
| when to perform urine cultures in respiratory syncytial virus-positive febrile older infants? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are associated with clinically significant rate of urinary tract infections (utis) in young infants. previous research investigating rsv infections and utis has been performed mainly in infants younger than 2 to 3 months and has not focused on the risk of uti in infants 3 to 12 months. | 2014 | 25162692 |
| [application possibility of the macrolides for the rs virus infections]. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major causative agent of respiratory infections. common cold syndrome caused by rs virus, which is prevalent in winter, occasionally develops into bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia. in particular, severe rs virus infections in infants with underlying cardiopulmonary diseases and with low-birth weight baby have been a problem. furthermore, repetitive rs virus infections occur for the entire lifetime, and the relationship between rs virus infectio ... | 2014 | 25163248 |
| viral infections and the development of asthma in children. | viral aetiology, host susceptibility (in particular allergic predisposition and sensitization), and illness severity, timing and frequency all appear to contribute as synergistic factors to the risk of developing asthma. experimental models have shown both innate and adaptive immune responses contribute to this risk with lung inflammatory cells showing marked differences in phenotype and function in young compared with older animals, and these differences are further enhanced following virus inf ... | 2013 | 25165549 |
| maternal immunization with chimpanzee adenovirus expressing rsv fusion protein protects against neonatal rsv pulmonary infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease with high morbidity and mortality in young infants and children. despite numerous efforts, a licensed vaccine against rsv remains elusive. since young infants form the primary target group of rsv disease, maternal immunization to boost the protection in neonates is an attractive strategy. in this study we tested the efficacy of maternal immunization with a chimpanzee adenovirus expressing codon-optimized rsv ... | 2014 | 25171847 |
| baculovirus-expressed virus-like particle vaccine in combination with dna encoding the fusion protein confers protection against respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major viral agent causing significant morbidity and mortality in young infants and the elderly. there is no licensed vaccine against rsv and it is a high priority to develop a safe rsv vaccine. we determined the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of combined virus-like particle and dna vaccines presenting rsv glycoproteins (fd.vlp) in comparison with formalin inactivated rsv (fi-rsv). immunization of mice with fd.vlp induced higher ratios of igg2a/igg1 ... | 2014 | 25173478 |
| recombinant bovine adenovirus-3 co-expressing bovine respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein g and truncated glycoprotein gd of bovine herpesvirus-1 induce immune responses in cotton rats. | one of the impediments in the development of safe and cost effective vaccines for veterinary use has been the availability of appropriate delivery vehicle. we have chosen to develop and use bovine adenovirus (badv)-3 as vaccine delivery vector in cattle. here, we describe the construction of recombinant e3 deleted badv-3 vectors expressing single vaccine antigen (bav360; bovine respiratory syncytial virus g) or two vaccine antigens (bav851; bovine herpesvirus-1gdt and bovine respiratory syncytia ... | 2015 | 25173687 |
| [viral etiologies of hospitalized pneumonia patients aged less than five years in six provinces, 2009-2012]. | to analyze the viral etiologies of hospitalized pneumonia patients aged less than five years in six provinces during 2009-2012, and to describe the seasonality of the detected viral etiologies. | 2014 | 25174464 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infections in the palivizumab-prophylaxis era with implications regarding high-risk infants. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection continues to be a leading cause of infant hospitalization with a high transmission rate, recent data on nosocomial rsv infection are scarce. this study investigated the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of nosocomial rsv infection in the palivizumab-prophylaxis era. | 2014 | 25179332 |
| epidemiologic differences of four major respiratory viruses between children, adolescents, and adults in korea. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of four major respiratory viruses among the korean population. this retrospective study was conducted over four years, from january 2005 to december 2008. among a total of 23,806 specimens, 5512 virus isolates underwent culture for influenza a and b viruses (ifa/b), parainfluenza virus (piv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and adenovirus (adv). patients were divided into two groups: children/adolescents and adults. the viruses det ... | 2014 | 25179390 |
| comparison of three commercial rt-pcr systems for the detection of respiratory viruses. | due to the insensitivity of rapid tests for respiratory viruses, nucleic acid amplification tests are quickly becoming the standard of care. | 2014 | 25183359 |
| rsv infection among children born moderately preterm in a community-based cohort. | we aimed to determine the rates of proven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization and disease severity among children born moderately preterm (mp, gestational age [ga] 32-36 weeks, n = 964), children born full-term (ft, ga 38-42 weeks, n = 572), and children born early preterm (ep, ga <32 weeks, n = 524). our second aim was to identify risk factors for rsv hospitalization among mp. we extracted data from parental questionnaires and medical records, retrieved from a community-based coho ... | 2015 | 25189655 |
| [nosocomial respiratory viral infection]. | nosocomial viral infections have not been well studied. in this context, the aim of this work is to review epidemiological and therapeutic data published on the main viral agents that can produce nosocomial respiratory infection. the study thus aims to expand knowledge of behaviour of these agents in nosocomial infections and provide information to improve the implementation of preventive measures. the concepts of mimivirus, herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, respirat ... | 2014 | 25189985 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: clinical and epidemiological pattern in pediatric patients admitted to a children's hospital between 2000 and 2013. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major causative organism associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in children.the objective of this study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological pattern of rsv and identify risk factors for rsv infection. | 2014 | 25192519 |
| performance of the simplexa™ flu a/b & rsv direct kit on respiratory samples collected in saline solution. | molecular assays for diagnosis of influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) with short turnaround time are of considerable clinical importance. we have evaluated the diagnostic performance of the simplexa(™) flu a/b & rsv direct kit, which has a run time of 60 min, using different types of respiratory samples collected from patients with a suspected respiratory tract infection, including materials not previously evaluated on this kit. | 2014 | 25195649 |
| [epidemiological study of respiratory viruses detected in patients under two years old who required admission because of lower respiratory disease]. | the etiologic role of recently identified respiratory viruses for lower respiratory tract disease (lrtd) remains unclear in japan. the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of respiratory viruses in young children with lrtd. we prospectively examined 721 children who were under two years old and admitted to a single medical center in japan with lrtd between april 2007 and march 2012. viral nucleotic acids were taken from their nasal swabs. each sample was examined with (rt-) pc ... | 2014 | 25199375 |
| [analysis of coinfections detected among respiratory syncytial virus subtypes and other respiratory viruses]. | 2015 | 25205177 | |
| symptomatic and asymptomatic respiratory viral infections in the first year of life: association with acute otitis media development. | sensitive diagnostic assays have increased the detection of viruses in asymptomatic individuals. the clinical significance of asymptomatic respiratory viral infection in infants is unknown. | 2015 | 25205769 |
| comparison of the simplexa™ flu a/b & rsv kit (nucleic acid extraction-dependent assay) and the prodessa proflu+™ assay for detecting influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses. | the relative performance of 2 widely used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assays, the focus diagnostics simplexa™ flu a/b & rsv kit (nucleic acid extraction-dependent assay) and the prodessa proflu+™ assay, was evaluated using 735 prospectively and retrospectively collected nasopharyngeal swab specimens. overall, the assays showed positive and negative agreements of 100% and 99.7% for influenza a, 98.1% and 99.9% for influenza b, and 99.3% and 99.5% for respiratory syncy ... | 2014 | 25209363 |
| is radiological appearance of lower respiratory tract infection due to respiratory syncytial virus a predictor of clinical outcome? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection is the most common viral infection in childhood. rsv-infected infants demonstrate various radiographic findings. the aim of the study is to evaluate whether assessment of radiological characteristics of lower tract infection due to rsv may be a predictor of clinical outcome in newborns. | 2015 | 25211292 |
| interferon response and respiratory virus control are preserved in bronchial epithelial cells in asthma. | some investigators find a deficiency in ifn production from airway epithelial cells infected with human rhinovirus in asthma, but whether this abnormality occurs with other respiratory viruses is uncertain. | 2014 | 25216987 |
| hospital length-of-stay is associated with rhinovirus etiology of bronchiolitis. | to determine whether hospital length-of-stay (los) for bronchiolitis is influenced by the causative virus: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) or rhinovirus. | 2014 | 25222302 |
| apnea induced by respiratory syncytial virus infection is not associated with viral invasion of the central nervous system. | we aimed to study whether direct central nervous system invasion is responsible for the neurologic manifestations seen in hospitalized infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. cerebrospinal fluid from infants with rsv infection was tested for the detection of the following respiratory rna viruses: rsv, influenza a and b, pandemic influenza h1n1, parainfluenza-3, human metapneumovirus, adenovirus, parechovirus and enterovirus. all children tested negative for the presence of vira ... | 2014 | 25222310 |
| cd8+ t cell immunity against human respiratory syncytial virus. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) was first discovered in the 1950s, but despite decades of research, a licensed vaccine against it is not available. epidemiological studies indicate that antibodies directed against the fusion protein (f) partially correlate with protection. in addition, an f-specific monoclonal antibody is licensed as a prophylactic treatment in children who are at high risk of developing complications following hrsv infection. therefore, most hrsv-oriented vaccination s ... | 2014 | 25223272 |
| the use of a multiplex real-time pcr assay for diagnosing acute respiratory viral infections in children attending an emergency unit. | the use of a multiplex molecular technique to identify the etiological pathogen of respiratory viral infections might be a support as clinical signs are not characteristic. | 2014 | 25223920 |
| double-stapled respiratory syncytial virus may prevent nasopulmonary infection. | 2014 | 25226620 | |
| human respiratory syncytial virus infection is inhibited by ifn-induced transmembrane proteins. | the ifn immune system plays an essential role in protecting the host against most viral infections. in order to explore the interactions between the ifn pathway and human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, and to identify potential ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) that may be involved in suppressing the replication of rsv, we utilized an ifn pathway-specific microarray to study the effects of rsv infection on the ifn pathway in hela cells. we showed that rsv infection enhanced the expressio ... | 2015 | 25228491 |
| caesarean section and hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection: a population-based study. | hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and asthma share common determinants, and meta-analyses indicate that children delivered by caesarean section (cs) are at increased risk of asthma. we aimed to investigate whether birth by cs is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for rsv illness. | 2015 | 25232778 |
| an outbreak of acute respiratory disease in china caused by human adenovirus type b55 in a physical training facility. | to investigate the cause of an acute respiratory tract infection (arti) outbreak. | 2014 | 25236387 |
| additive protection induced by mixed virus-like particles presenting respiratory syncytial virus fusion or attachment glycoproteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important pathogen for lower respiratory tract illness in infants and a high priority for vaccine development. we previously reported that rsv virus-like particles (vlps) expressing either the fusion (f) or attachment (g) glycoprotein could confer protection against rsv challenge in balb/c mice. here, we tested the hypothesis that rsv vlp vaccine efficacy can be enhanced by mixing rsv vlp f and rsv vlp g, and we analyzed host responses to these rsv v ... | 2014 | 25239522 |
| evaluation of a rapid antigen detection point-of-care test for respiratory syncytial virus and influenza in a pediatric hospitalized population in the netherlands. | this pilot study evaluates the diagnostic performance of sofia rsv fluorescent immunoassay analyzer (fia) and sofia influenza a + b fia for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a and b. sofia had a lower-than-expected sensitivity for all viruses and a high rate of false-positive results for influenza b virus. | 2014 | 25241640 |
| seroprevalence of respiratory syncytial virus igg among healthy young adults in basic training for the republic of korea air force. | this investigation enrolled 570 healthy young males gathered from all over the country for military service at the republic of korea air force boot camp. it confirmed rsv igg seroprevalence by utilizing the enzyme immunoassay method just prior to undergoing basic training. the mean age of this study was 20.25 ± 1.34 yr old. the results of their immunoassay seroprofiles showed that 561 men (98.4%) were positive, 2 (0.4%) were negative and 7 (1.2%) were equivocal belonging to the grey zone. it was ... | 2014 | 25246755 |
| presentation of severe combined immunodeficiency with respiratory syncytial virus and pneumocystis co-infection. | severe combined immunodeficiency can cause severe, life-threatening viral, bacterial and fungal infections at an early age. we report a case of a 4-month-old boy with co-infection by respiratory syncytial virus and pneumocystis jiroveci infection that led to recognition of severe combined immunodeficiency. | 2015 | 25247585 |
| refining the balance of attenuation and immunogenicity of respiratory syncytial virus by targeted codon deoptimization of virulence genes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important pathogen for lower respiratory tract illness in children for which there is no licensed vaccine. live-attenuated rsv vaccines are the most clinically advanced in children, but achieving an optimal balance of attenuation and immunogenicity is challenging. one way to potentially retain or enhance immunogenicity of attenuated virus is to mutate virulence genes that suppress host immune responses. the ns1 and ns2 virulence genes of the rsv a2 s ... | 2014 | 25249281 |
| common questions about outpatient care of premature infants. | preterm births (deliveries before 37 weeks' gestation) comprise 12% of all u.s. births and are responsible for onethird of all infant deaths. neonatal medical advances have increased survival, and primary care physicians often care for infants who were in the neonatal intensive care unit after birth. functions of the primary care physician include coordination of medical and social services, nutritional surveillance, and managing conditions associated with prematurity. parental guidance and enco ... | 2014 | 25250998 |
| detection of respiratory tract pathogens with molecular biology methods. | this paper describes the use in routine diagnosis of virological kit, which was designed to identify the 15 most common respiratory viruses in clinical specimens of nasopharyngeal aspirates, swabs, and bronchoalveolar lavage. it is a one-step multiplex rt-pcr system for the detection of influenza virus type a and type b, human respiratory syncytial virus type a, b; human adenovirus, human metapneumovirus, human coronaviruses 229e/nl63 and oc43, human parainfluenza type 1, 2, 3, human rhinovirus ... | 2015 | 25252894 |
| detection of influenza and other respiratory viruses carried out in the influenza project - monitoring vaccine effectiveness (i-move). | the project influenza vaccine effectiveness-monitoring (i-move) is part of the european research carried out by the ecdc (european center for disease prevention and control), aimed at monitoring the effectiveness of vaccination in europe during the growing incidence of flu and influenza-like illnesses in the coming epidemic seasons. laboratory studies using molecular rt-pcr biology methods for detection of genetic material of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses were performed by voivod ... | 2015 | 25252895 |
| ribavirin: the need for exposure precautions. | ribavirin is used in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in high-risk patients, including patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, to reduce mortality from rsv pneumonia. it is classified as a hazardous drug with potential for carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. very few recent studies have examined the risk of exposure, and recommendations for exposure precautions are lacking. administration should include the use of personal protective equipment and t ... | 2014 | 25253120 |
| burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent and important cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children. it is a seasonal virus, with peak rates of infection occurring annually in the cold season in temperate climates, and in the rainy season, as temperatures fall, in tropical climates. high risk groups for severe rsv disease include infants below six mo of age, premature infants with or without chronic lung disease, infants with hemodynamically significant congen ... | 2012 | 25254161 |
| nasopharyngeal gene expression, a novel approach to study the course of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes mild infections in the vast majority of children. however, in some cases, it causes severe disease, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. development of severe rsv infection is determined by the host response. therefore, the main aim of this study was to identify biomarkers associated with severe rsv infection. to identify biomarkers, nasopharyngeal gene expression was profiled by microarray studies, resulting in the selection of five genes: ubiquitin d, t ... | 2015 | 25261323 |
| diagnosing heart failure in children with congenital heart disease and respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | the objective of this study is to examine if the b-type natriuretic peptide (bnp) can be used in diagnosing heart failure (hf) in children with congenital heart disease (chd) who present to the emergency department (ed) with acute bronchiolitis. | 2014 | 25261398 |
| the association of meningococcal disease with influenza in the united states, 1989-2009. | prior influenza infection is a risk factor for invasive meningococcal disease. quantifying the fraction of meningococcal disease attributable to influenza could improve understanding of viral-bacterial interaction and indicate additional health benefits to influenza immunization. | 2014 | 25265409 |
| impaired gamma delta t cell-derived il-17a and inflammasome activation during early respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection remains a significant global health burden disproportionately affecting infants and leading to long-term lung disease. interleukin (il)-17a has been shown to be involved in regulating viral and allergic lung inflammatory responses, which has led to a more recent interest in its role in rsv infection. using a neonatal mouse model of rsv, we demonstrate that neonates fail to develop il-17a responses compared with adult mice; the main immediate il-17a con ... | 2015 | 25267484 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: pathology, therapeutic drugs and prophylaxis. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract diseases, affecting particularly newborns and young children. this virus is able to modulate the immune response, generating a pro-inflammatory environment in the airways that causes obstruction and pulmonary alterations in the infected host. to date, no vaccines are available for human use and the first vaccine that reached clinical trials produced an enhanced hrsv-associated pathology 50 years ago, resulti ... | 2014 | 25268876 |
| an insect cell derived respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f nanoparticle vaccine induces antigenic site ii antibodies and protects against rsv challenge in cotton rats by active and passive immunization. | post-infectious immunity to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection results in limited protection as evidenced by the high rate of infant hospitalization in the face of high titer, maternally derived rsv-specific antibodies. by contrast, rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein antigenic site ii humanized monoclonal antibodies, palivizumab and motavizumab, have been shown to reduce rsv-related hospitalization in infants. immunogenicity and efficacy studies were conducted in cotton rats comparing a recomb ... | 2014 | 25269094 |
| [detection of respiratory viruses in influenza-like illness in shijiazhuang, china in 2011]. | this study aimed to investigate viral infections and the prevalence of influenza-like illness (ili) in shijiazhuang, china, in 2011 and to provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis and control of respiratory tract infections. throat swab specimens were collected from 483 cases of ili who were outpatients in the influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in shijiazhuang between january and december 2011. all specimens were examined by multiplex rt-pcr for the following 15 respiratory tract viru ... | 2014 | 25272592 |
| comparison of the imdx influenza a virus, influenza b virus, and respiratory syncytial virus a/b assay on the m2000 platform with real-time reverse transcriptase pcr assays. | 2014 | 25275003 | |
| visualizing the replication of respiratory syncytial virus in cells and in living mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of severe lower-respiratory tract disease in calves and young children, yet no human vaccine nor efficient curative treatments are available. here we describe a recombinant human rsv reverse genetics system in which the red fluorescent protein (mcherry) or the firefly luciferase (luc) genes are inserted into the rsv genome. expression of mcherry and luc are correlated with infection rate, allowing the monitoring of rsv multiplication ... | 2014 | 25277263 |
| leukemia inhibitory factor protects the lung during respiratory syncytial viral infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects the lung epithelium where it stimulates the production of numerous host cytokines that are associated with disease burden and acute lung injury. characterizing the host cytokine response to rsv infection, the regulation of host cytokines and the impact of neutralizing an rsv-inducible cytokine during infection were undertaken in this study. | 2014 | 25277705 |
| molecular evolution of human respiratory syncytial virus attachment glycoprotein (g) gene of new genotype on1 and ancestor na1. | we conducted a comprehensive genetic analysis of the c-terminal 3rd hypervariable region of the attachment glycoprotein (g) gene in human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a (hrsv-a) genotype on1 (93 strains) and ancestor na1 (125 strains). genotype on1 contains a unique mutation of a 72 nucleotide tandem repeat insertion (corresponding to 24 amino acids) in the hypervariable region. the bayesian markov chain monte carlo (mcmc) method was used to conduct phylogenetic analysis and a time scale ... | 2014 | 25283803 |
| novel respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) genotype on1 predominates in germany during winter season 2012-13. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of hospitalization especially in young children with respiratory tract infections (rti). patterns of circulating rsv genotypes can provide a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of rsv infection. we retrospectively analyzed the genetic diversity of rsv infection in hospitalized children with acute rti admitted to university hospital heidelberg/germany between october 2012 and april 2013. nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) were rout ... | 2014 | 25290155 |
| serial intervals of respiratory infectious diseases: a systematic review and analysis. | the serial interval of an infectious disease represents the duration between symptom onset of a primary case and symptom onset of its secondary cases. a good evidence base for such values is essential, because they allow investigators to identify epidemiologic links between cases and serve as an important parameter in epidemic transmission models used to design infection control strategies. we reviewed the literature for available data sets containing serial intervals and for reported values of ... | 2014 | 25294601 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations in pre-mature infants in lima, peru. | we conducted a prospective cohort study in four hospitals in lima, peru in infants with a birth weight ≤ 1,500 g followed from birth hospital discharge up to 1 year of age to determine the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalizations. we enrolled 222 infants from march of 2009 to march of 2010: 48 infants with a birth weight < 1,000 g and 174 infants with a birth weight of 1,000-1,500 g (birth weight = 1,197 ± 224 g; gestational age = 30.1 ± 2.6 weeks). there were 936 episodes ... | 2014 | 25294617 |
| safety and effectiveness of palivizumab in children at high risk of serious disease due to respiratory syncytial virus infection: a systematic review. | lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) is the leading cause of infant mortality globally in post-neonatal infants (i.e., 28-364 days of age). respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most commonly identified pathogen for infant lrti and is the second most important cause of death in post-neonatal infants. despite 50 years of rsv vaccine research, there is still no approved vaccine. therefore, passive immunity with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab is the sole regulatory-approved option for t ... | 2014 | 25297809 |
| protection and mechanism of action of a novel human respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate based on the extracellular domain of small hydrophobic protein. | infections with human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) occur globally in all age groups and can have devastating consequences in young infants. we demonstrate that a vaccine based on the extracellular domain (she) of the small hydrophobic (sh) protein of hrsv, reduced viral replication in challenged laboratory mice and in cotton rats. we show that this suppression of viral replication can be transferred by serum and depends on a functional igg receptor compartment with a major contribution of ... | 2014 | 25298406 |
| antibiotics for bronchiolitis in children under two years of age. | bronchiolitis is a serious, potentially life-threatening respiratory illness commonly affecting babies. it is often caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). antibiotics are not recommended for bronchiolitis unless there is concern about complications such as secondary bacterial pneumonia or respiratory failure. nevertheless, they are often used. | 2014 | 25300167 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and its propensity for causing bronchiolitis. | infants and young children with acute onset of wheezing and reduced respiratory airflows are often diagnosed with obstruction and inflammation of the small bronchiolar airways, ie bronchiolitis. the most common aetological agents causing bronchiolitis in young children are the respiratory viruses, and of the commonly encountered respiratory viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has a propensity for causing bronchiolitis. indeed, rsv bronchiolitis remains the major reason why previously heal ... | 2015 | 25302625 |
| humidity and respiratory virus transmission in tropical and temperate settings. | influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are similarly structured viruses with similar environmental survival, but different routes of transmission. while rsv is transmitted predominantly by direct and indirect contact, influenza is also transmitted by aerosol. the cold, dry conditions of temperate winters appear to encourage the transmission of both viruses, by increasing influenza virus survival in aerosols, and increasing influenza and rsv survival on surfaces. in contrast, the hot, we ... | 2015 | 25307020 |
| partial palivizumab prophylaxis and increased risk of hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus in a medicaid population: a retrospective cohort analysis. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is common among young children insured through medicaid in the united states. complete and timely dosing with palivizumab is associated with lower risk of rsv-related hospitalizations, but up to 60% of infants who receive palivizumab in medicaid population do not receive full prophylaxis. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of partial palivizumab prophylaxis with the risk of rsv hospitalization among high-risk medicaid-insure ... | 2014 | 25308481 |
| reprint of: perinatal and early childhood environmental factors influencing allergic asthma immunopathogenesis. | the prevalence of asthma has increased dramatically over the past several decades. while hereditary factors are highly important, the rapid rise outstrips the pace of genomic variation. great emphasis has been placed on potential modifiable early life exposures leading to childhood asthma. | 2014 | 25308874 |
| does cesarean section pose a risk of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infants and children? | to determine the risk of acquiring acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infants and children delivered by the mode of cesarean section (c-section). | 2014 | 25312107 |
| risk factors of prolonged hospital stay in children with viral severe acute respiratory infections. | severe acute lower respiratory infections (saris) are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in young children, especially in developing countries. the present study focused on detection of risk factors for prolonged hospital stays among children with viral saris. | 2014 | 25313605 |
| central nervous system alterations caused by infection with the human respiratory syncytial virus. | worldwide, the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the leading cause of infant hospitalization because of acute respiratory tract infections, including severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia. despite intense research, to date there is neither vaccine nor treatment available to control hrsv disease burden globally. after infection, an incubation period of 3-5 days is usually followed by symptoms, such as cough and low-grade fever. however, hrsv infection can also produce a larger variety of s ... | 2014 | 25316031 |
| the role of multiplex pcr in respiratory tract infections in children. | infants, toddlers, and children of primary-school age without any special risk factors generally have three to ten febrile respiratory infections per year. most such infections are of viral origin and self-limiting, but viral infection is often hard to distinguish from bacterial infection. the use of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect viruses in respiratory secretions is potentially beneficial, as it might help physicians avoid giving antibiotics unnecessarily. | 2014 | 25316519 |
| detection of respiratory viruses by real-time polymerase chain reaction in outpatients with acute respiratory infection. | viruses are the major contributors to the morbidity and mortality of upper and lower acute respiratory infections (aris) for all age groups. the aim of this study was to determine the frequencies for a large range of respiratory viruses using a sensitive molecular detection technique in specimens from outpatients of all ages with aris. nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from 162 individuals between august 2007-august 2009. twenty-three pathogenic respiratory agents, 18 respiratory viruses an ... | 2014 | 25317699 |
| therapy of respiratory viral infections with intranasal sirnas. | chemically synthesized short interfering rna (sirna) has ushered a new era in the application of rna interference (rnai) against viral genes. we have paid particular attention to respiratory viruses that wreak heavy morbidity and mortality worldwide. the clinically significant ones include respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus (piv) (two paramyxoviruses), and influenza virus (an orthomyxovirus). as the infection by these viruses is clinically restricted to the respiratory tissue ... | 2015 | 25319655 |
| reactive oxygen species at the crossroads of inflammasome and inflammation. | inflammasomes form a crucial part of the innate immune system. these are multi-protein oligomer platforms that are composed of intracellular sensors which are coupled with caspase and interleukin activating systems. nod-like receptor protein (nlrp) 3, and 6 and nlrc4 and aim2 are the prominent members of the inflammasome family. inflammasome activation leads to pyroptosis, a process of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis through activation of caspase and further downstream targets such ... | 2014 | 25324778 |
| immunity to rsv in early-life. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the commonest cause of severe respiratory infection in infants, leading to over 3 million hospitalizations and around 66,000 deaths worldwide each year. rsv bronchiolitis predominantly strikes apparently healthy infants, with age as the principal risk factor for severe disease. the differences in the immune response to rsv in the very young are likely to be key to determining the clinical outcome of this common infection. remarkable age-related differences in ... | 2014 | 25324843 |
| [respiratory virus infections in adult patients hospitalized in an internal medicine unit]. | respiratory viral infections (rvi) can be associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations. | 2014 | 25327313 |
| prolonged seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus infection among preterm infants in a subtropical climate. | there is limited epidemiological data on the seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in subtropical climates, such as in taiwan. this study aimed to assess rsv seasonality among children ≤24 months of age in taiwan. we also assessed factors (gestational age [ga], chronologic age [ca], and bronchopulmonary dysplasia [bpd]) associated with rsv-associated hospitalization in preterm infants to confirm the appropriateness of the novel taiwanese rsv prophylactic policy. | 2014 | 25333346 |
| identification of residues in the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein that modulate fusion activity and pathogenesis. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection can result in inflammation and mucus plugging of airways. rsv strain a2-line19f induces relatively high viral load and mucus in mice. the line 19 fusion (f) protein harbors five unique residues compared to the non-mucus-inducing strains a2 and long, at positions 79, 191, 357, 371, and 557. we hypothesized that differential fusion activity is a determinant of pathogenesis. in a cell-cell fusion assay, line 19 f was more fus ... | 2015 | 25339762 |
| children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection in saskatchewan pediatric tertiary care centers, 2002-2005. | to describe the epidemiology and severity of illness of children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, including those who received palivizumab prophylaxis, at royal university hospital (ruh), saskatoon and regina general hospital (rgh) from july 2002 to june 2005. | 2014 | 25344181 |
| elective cesarean delivery as a predisposing factor of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children. | to investigate the effect of cesarean delivery and other predisposing factors of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-positive acute bronchiolitis in children. | 2014 | 25345258 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus in patients with acute respiratory infection in colombia, 2000 - 2011. | to describe the epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in colombia from 2000 - 2011, including seasonal trends. | 2014 | 25345531 |
| clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. | this guideline is a revision of the clinical practice guideline, "diagnosis and management of bronchiolitis," published by the american academy of pediatrics in 2006. the guideline applies to children from 1 through 23 months of age. other exclusions are noted. each key action statement indicates level of evidence, benefit-harm relationship, and level of recommendation. key action statements are as follows: | 2014 | 25349312 |
| management of respiratory viral infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and patients with hematologic malignancies. | despite preventive strategies and increased awareness, a high incidence of respiratory viral infections still occur in patients with hematologic malignancies (hms) and in recipients of hematopoietic cell transplant (hct). progression of these viral infections to lower respiratory tract may prove fatal, especially in hct recipients. increasing evidence on the successful use of ribavirin (alone or in combination with immunomodulators) for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infections in ... | 2014 | 25352629 |
| interactome analysis of the human respiratory syncytial virus rna polymerase complex identifies protein chaperones as important cofactors that promote l-protein stability and rna synthesis. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) core viral rna polymerase comprises the large polymerase protein (l) and its cofactor, the phosphoprotein (p), which associate with the viral ribonucleoprotein complex to replicate the genome and, together with the m2-1 protein, transcribe viral mrnas. while cellular proteins have long been proposed to be involved in the synthesis of hrsv rna by associating with the polymerase complex, their characterization has been hindered by the difficulty of puri ... | 2015 | 25355874 |
| social, economic, and health impact of the respiratory syncytial virus: a systematic search. | bronchiolitis caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and its related complications are common in infants born prematurely, with severe congenital heart disease, or bronchopulmonary dysplasia, as well as in immunosuppressed infants. there is a rich literature on the different aspects of rsv infection with a focus, for the most part, on specific risk populations. however, there is a need for a systematic global analysis of the impact of rsv infection in terms of use of resources and healt ... | 2014 | 25358423 |
| infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing. | there is evidence that respiratory viruses play a key role in the development and exacerbation of obstructive respiratory diseases in children. this review attempts to juxtapose the separate profiles and prototypes of pathogenetic mechanisms represented by the two most common amongst such viruses: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human rhinovirus (hrv). rsv represents the most common agent of severe airway disease in infants and young children, and is predominant in winter months. large epi ... | 2015 | 25359340 |
| viral etiology of respiratory tract infections in children at the pediatric hospital in ouagadougou (burkina faso). | acute respiratory infections (aris) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children in africa. the circulation of viruses classically implicated in aris is poorly known in burkina faso. the aim of this study was to identify the respiratory viruses present in children admitted to or consulting at the pediatric hospital in ouagadougou. | 2014 | 25360527 |
| clinical risk factors for life-threatening lower respiratory tract infections in children: a retrospective study in an urban city in malaysia. | lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in low income countries. the aim of this study was to determine risk factors of life-threatening lrtis in hospitalised children in malaysia. | 2014 | 25360811 |
| the burden of single virus and viral coinfections on severe lower respiratory tract infections among preterm infants: a prospective birth cohort study in brazil. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is associated with severe lower respiratory tract infection (lrti), especially in preterm infants. other viruses, co-detected with rsv, may play a role in the severity of respiratory outcomes. | 2014 | 25361184 |
| utilization of viral molecular diagnostics among children hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia. | to examine whether results of a polymerase chain reaction-based respiratory viral panel (rvp) are associated with changes in antibiotic use or differential clinical outcomes among children hospitalized with pneumonia. | 2014 | 25362079 |
| detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections in young dairy and beef cattle in poland. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a major contributor to bovine respiratory disease complex in dairy and beef calves, especially during the first year of life. there is a lack of comprehensive information about the prevalence of infection in cattle herds in poland as well as in european countries outside the european union. | 2015 | 25365424 |
| viruses and disease: emerging concepts for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. | viruses cause a wide range of human diseases, ranging from acute self-resolving conditions to acute fatal diseases. effects that arise long after the primary infection can also increase the propensity for chronic conditions or lead to the development of cancer. recent advances in the fields of virology and pathology have been fundamental in improving our understanding of viral pathogenesis, in providing improved vaccination strategies and in developing newer, more effective treatments for patien ... | 2015 | 25366544 |
| toward primary prevention of asthma. reviewing the evidence for early-life respiratory viral infections as modifiable risk factors to prevent childhood asthma. | a first step in primary disease prevention is identifying common, modifiable risk factors that contribute to a significant proportion of disease development. infant respiratory viral infection and childhood asthma are the most common acute and chronic diseases of childhood, respectively. common clinical features and links between these diseases have long been recognized, with early-life respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus (rv) lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) being strongl ... | 2015 | 25369458 |
| respiratory syncytial virus receptor expression in the mouse and viral tropism. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects airway epithelium and can cause serious illnesses such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. with the discovery of cell-surface nucleolin as a fusion receptor for rsv, the question arose as to whether nucleolin could explain rsv tropism in vivo. here, we report the distribution of cell-surface nucleolin expression in tissues of normal mice and how this distribution of expression relates to what is known about rsv tropism and its clinical manifestations. ... | 2015 | 25374027 |
| specificity and effector functions of human rsv-specific igg from bovine milk. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the second most important cause of death in the first year of life, and early rsv infections are associated with the development of asthma. breastfeeding and serum igg have been shown to protect against rsv infection. yet, many infants depend on bovine milk-based nutrition, which at present lacks intact immunoglobulins. | 2014 | 25375837 |
| serologic, trace element, and fecal parasite survey of free-ranging, female mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) in eastern washington, usa. | blood and fecal samples collected from 97 free-ranging mule deer (odocoileus hemionus), from four distinct herds during the spring of 2000 or 2001 in eastern washington, us, were tested for exposure to selected pathogens, concentrations of trace elements, and presence of parasites in feces. antibodies were detected to the following: leptospira interrogans serovar bratislava (4%), leptospira interrogans serovar canicola (1%), leptospira interrogans serovar grippotyphosa (13%), bovine viral diarrh ... | 2015 | 25380366 |
| virus profile in children with acute respiratory infections with various severities in beijing, china. | acute respiratory infection (ari) is one of the most common infectious diseases in infants and young children globally. this study aimed to determine the virus profile in children with ari presenting with different severities. | 2014 | 25382323 |
| inhibitors of the interferon response enhance virus replication in vitro. | virus replication efficiency is influenced by two conflicting factors, kinetics of the cellular interferon (ifn) response and induction of an antiviral state versus speed of virus replication and virus-induced inhibition of the ifn response. disablement of a virus's capacity to circumvent the ifn response enables both basic research and various practical applications. however, such ifn-sensitive viruses can be difficult to grow to high-titer in cells that produce and respond to ifn. the current ... | 2014 | 25390891 |
| il-6 receptor α defines effector memory cd8+ t cells producing th2 cytokines and expanding in asthma. | cytokine receptors can be markers defining different t-cell subsets and considered as therapeutic targets. the association of il-6 and il-6 receptor α (il-6rα) with asthma was reported, suggesting their involvement in asthma. | 2014 | 25390970 |
| influenza in poland in 2011-2012 and in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 epidemic seasons. | this paper aimed at evaluating the epidemiological situation of influenza in poland in 2011-2012 and in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 epidemic seasons and comparing it with the situation observed in the previous years. | 2014 | 25391010 |
| rsv: immunoprophylaxis and non-invasive respiratory support in ex-preterms: a northern uk perspective. | recent guidance has suggested that immunoprophylaxis with monoclonal antibody against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) should be extended to ex-preterm infants who are moderate-to-late-preterm and discharged home during the rsv season. noninvasive respiratory support (niv) for infants with bronchiolitis is becoming widespread with little supporting evidence for efficacy over nonpressure support methods. we used multicentre prospective audit and service evaluation to evaluate whether extension o ... | 2015 | 25393723 |
| viral etiology of respiratory infections in children in southwestern saudi arabia using multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. | to investigate 15 respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory tract infections (artis) using multiplex reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), and to analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of these viruses. | 2014 | 25399211 |
| optimization of potent and selective quinazolinediones: inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus that block rna-dependent rna-polymerase complex activity. | a quinazolinedione-derived screening hit 2 was discovered with cellular antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (cpe ec50 = 2.1 μm), moderate efficacy in reducing viral progeny (4.2 log at 10 μm), and marginal cytotoxic liability (selectivity index, si ∼ 24). scaffold optimization delivered analogs with improved potency and selectivity profiles. most notable were compounds 15 and 19 (ec50 = 300-500 nm, cc50 > 50 μm, si > 100), which significantly reduced viral titer (>400,000-fold ... | 2014 | 25399509 |
| overview of the 3rd isirv-antiviral group conference--advances in clinical management. | this review highlights the main points which emerged from the presentations and discussions at the 3rd isirv-antiviral group conference - advances in clinical management. the conference covered emerging and potentially pandemic influenza viruses and discussed novel/pre-licensure therapeutics and currently approved antivirals and vaccines for the control of influenza. current data on approved and novel treatments for non-influenza respiratory viruses such as mers-cov, respiratory syncytial virus ... | 2015 | 25399715 |