Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| viral etiologies of hospitalized acute lower respiratory infection patients in china, 2009-2013. | acute lower respiratory infections (alris) are an important cause of acute illnesses and mortality worldwide and in china. however, a large-scale study on the prevalence of viral infections across multiple provinces and seasons has not been previously reported from china. here, we aimed to identify the viral etiologies associated with alris from 22 chinese provinces. | 2014 | 24945280 |
| vaccine safety and efficacy evaluation of a recombinant bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) with deletion of the sh gene and subunit vaccines based on recombinant human rsv proteins: n-nanorings, p and m2-1, in calves with maternal antibodies. | the development of safe and effective vaccines against both bovine and human respiratory syncytial viruses (brsv, hrsv) to be used in the presence of rsv-specific maternally-derived antibodies (mda) remains a high priority in human and veterinary medicine. herein, we present safety and efficacy results from a virulent brsv challenge of calves with mda, which were immunized with one of three vaccine candidates that allow serological differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva): an s ... | 2014 | 24945377 |
| recurrent wheezing 36 months after bronchiolitis is associated with rhinovirus infections and blood eosinophilia. | links between respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis and asthma are well known, but few studies have dealt with wheezing following bronchiolitis induced by other viruses. we assessed the risk factors for recurrent wheezing in infants hospitalised for acute viral bronchiolitis. | 2014 | 24948158 |
| assessment of genetic associations between common single nucleotide polymorphisms in rig-i-like receptor and il-4 signaling genes and severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in children: a candidate gene case-control study. | the majority of cases of severe pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection occur in otherwise healthy infants who have no identifiable risk factors, suggesting that additional subclinical factors, such as population genetic variation, influence the course of rsv infection. the objective of this study was to test if common single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in genes encoding for immune signalling components of the rig-i-like receptor (rlr) and il-4-signalling pathways affect the ou ... | 2014 | 24949794 |
| recombinant measles viruses expressing respiratory syncytial virus proteins induced virus-specific ctl responses in cotton rats. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of serious lower respiratory tract illnesses in infants. natural infections with rsv provide limited protection against reinfection because of inefficient immunological responses that do not induce long-term memory. rsv natural infection has been shown to induce unbalanced immune response. the effective clearance of rsv is known to require the induction of a balanced th1/th2 immune response, which involves the induction of cytotoxic t lymphocyt ... | 2014 | 24951869 |
| perinatal and early childhood environmental factors influencing allergic asthma immunopathogenesis. | the prevalence of asthma has increased dramatically over the past several decades. while hereditary factors are highly important, the rapid rise outstrips the pace of genomic variation. great emphasis has been placed on potential modifiable early life exposures leading to childhood asthma. | 2014 | 24952205 |
| phylogeny and population dynamics of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) a and b. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. rsv is characterised by high variability, especially in the g glycoprotein, which may play a significant role in rsv pathogenicity by allowing immune evasion. to reconstruct the origin and phylodynamic history of rsv, we evaluated the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of rsv a and rsv b isolated from children under 3 years old infected in italy from 2006 to 2012. phyl ... | 2014 | 24954788 |
| identification of influenza a/h7n9 virus infection-related human genes based on shortest paths in a virus-human protein interaction network. | the recently emerging influenza a/h7n9 virus is reported to be able to infect humans and cause mortality. however, viral and host factors associated with the infection are poorly understood. it is suggested by the "guilt by association" rule that interacting proteins share the same or similar functions and hence may be involved in the same pathway. in this study, we developed a computational method to identify influenza a/h7n9 virus infection-related human genes based on this rule from the short ... | 2014 | 24955349 |
| effects of surface material, ventilation, and human behavior on indirect contact transmission risk of respiratory infection. | infectious particles can be deposited on surfaces. susceptible persons who contacted these contaminated surfaces may transfer the pathogens to their mucous membranes via hands, leading to a risk of respiratory infection. the exposure and infection risk contributed by this transmission route depend on indoor surface material, ventilation, and human behavior. in this study, quantitative infection risk assessments were used to compare the significances of these factors. the risks of three pathogens ... | 2014 | 24955468 |
| integrative analysis of longitudinal metabolomics data from a personal multi-omics profile. | the integrative personal omics profile (ipop) is a pioneering study that combines genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and autoantibody profiles from a single individual over a 14-month period. the observation period includes two episodes of viral infection: a human rhinovirus and a respiratory syncytial virus. the profile studies give an informative snapshot into the biological functioning of an organism. we hypothesize that pathway expression levels are associated with disease s ... | 2013 | 24958148 |
| etiology of acute bronchiolitis and the relationship with meteorological conditions in hospitalized infants in china. | to investigate the prevalence of common viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis and study the relationship between bronchiolitis and meteorological conditions. | 2014 | 24961189 |
| modification of the respiratory syncytial virus f protein in virus-like particles impacts generation of b cell memory. | immunization with virus-like particles (vlps) containing the newcastle disease virus (ndv) core proteins, np and m, and two chimera proteins (f/f and h/g) containing the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f- and g-protein ectodomains fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of ndv f and hn proteins, respectively, stimulated durable rsv-neutralizing antibodies, f-protein-specific long-lived, bone marrow-associated plasma cells (llpcs), and b cell memory, in striking contrast to rsv infec ... | 2014 | 24965456 |
| live attenuated b. pertussis bpze1 rescues the immune functions of respiratory syncytial virus infected human dendritic cells by promoting th1/th17 responses. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract viral infection in young children and a major cause of winter hospitalization. bordetella pertussis is a common cause of bacterial lung disease, affecting a similar age group. although vaccines are available for b. pertussis infection, disease rates have recently increased in many countries. we have therefore developed a novel live attenuated b. pertussis strain (bpze1), which has recently undergone a success ... | 2014 | 24967823 |
| modelling the seasonal epidemics of respiratory syncytial virus in young children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of paediatric morbidity. mathematical models can be used to characterise annual rsv seasonal epidemics and are a valuable tool to assess the impact of future vaccines. | 2014 | 24968133 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection modulates interleukin‑8 production in respiratory epithelial cells through a transcription factor‑activator protein‑1 signaling pathway. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of respiratory duct infection that can result in severe clinical symptoms, particularly among children under 3 years of age. in the current study, the effect of rsv on airway epithelial cell function and the potential signaling pathways involved were investigated. a549 human airway epithelial cells were infected with rsv at a multiplicity of infection of 1. after 24 h, interleukin (il)‑8 secretion in the cell supernatant was analyzed. a microa ... | 2014 | 24968899 |
| [risk factors for acute respiratory syncytial virus infection of lower respiratory tract in hospitalized infants]. | to investigate the clinical epidemiologic characteristics and analyze risk factors for acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in hospitalized infants with acute lower respiratory tract infection (alri). | 2014 | 24969937 |
| a novel six consecutive monthly doses of palivizumab prophylaxis protocol for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk preterm infants in taiwan. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) circulates year round in taiwan. a novel six consecutive monthly doses of palivizumab for rsv prevention protocol has been approved for high risk preterm infants since december 2010. this study aimed to determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of this novel protocol for the prevention of rsv infection. | 2014 | 24971565 |
| ageing and respiratory infections: the airway of ageing. | respiratory infections are a leading cause of infectious disease burden worldwide especially among the elderly. furthermore, a direct relationship between ageing and susceptibility to infections has been reported, which may be caused by impaired immune function, frailty and degree of exposure to infectious diseases. many complex changes, including structural and age-associated decline in immunity are associated with increased pulmonary diseases worldwide and result in a high age-related disease ... | 2014 | 24973652 |
| the importance of the local environment in the transmission of respiratory syncytial virus. | the role of the environment in the spread of respiratory infections is poorly understood, and consequently probably underappreciated. to improve our understanding of the environmental drivers of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission, we examined rsv seasonality in two settings with unusual seasonal patterns: the gambia (where rsv epidemics occur at different times of the year) and southeast florida (where rsv seasonality differs from the rest of mainland usa). we used published data to ... | 2014 | 24973721 |
| estimates of mortality attributable to influenza and rsv in the united states during 1997-2009 by influenza type or subtype, age, cause of death, and risk status. | influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cause substantial mortality from respiratory and other causes in the usa, especially among people aged 65 and older. | 2014 | 24975705 |
| infection in severe asthma exacerbations and critical asthma syndrome. | in chronic persistent asthma and severe acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma, infectious agents are the predominant triggers that drive disease and airway pathobiology. in acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma (aeba) including near fatal and fatal asthma, viral agents, particularly human rhinovirus-c, respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a appear to be the more prevalent and recurring threats. both viral, and to a lesser extent bacterial agents, can play a role, and co-infection may al ... | 2015 | 24984968 |
| analysis of the local and systemic inflammatory response in hospitalized infants with respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus acute bronchiolitis (rsv-ab) is a major cause of hospital admission among our infants. the immune and inflammatory mechanisms involved in the rsv-ab and factors influencing severity have not been clearly established, although an imbalanced th1 and th2 response seems to be crucial. | 2015 | 24985791 |
| ion flux in the lung: virus-induced inflammasome activation. | innate immunity has a primary role in lung antimicrobial defenses. the inflammasome has evolved for this purpose and is an important surveillance system that, when triggered, fights infection and eliminates pathogens. however, there is growing evidence that the inflammasome also plays a role in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic respiratory disease. inflammasomes contribute to both the clearance of the pathogen as well as its pathogenesis - depending on the amount of inflammation triggered. h ... | 2014 | 24986075 |
| eosinophils and respiratory virus infection: a dual-standard curve qrt-pcr-based method for determining virus recovery from mouse lung tissue. | several lines of investigation have indicated a role for eosinophilic leukocytes in limiting virus infectivity and promoting virion clearance. we have established a respiratory virus infection model with pneumonia virus of mice (pvm; family paramyxoviridae), a natural mouse pathogen that replicates the more severe forms of human disease elicited by the phylogenetically related respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). in this chapter, we present a rapid and highly reproducible dual-standard curve qrt-p ... | 2014 | 24986623 |
| prophylaxis with a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) anti-g protein monoclonal antibody shifts the adaptive immune response to rsv ra2-line19f infection from th2 to th1 in balb/c mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children, yet no highly effective treatment or vaccine is available. in the present study, we investigated the effect of prophylactic treatment with the intact and f(ab')2 forms of an anti-g protein monoclonal antibody (mab), 131-2g, on the humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses to rsv ra2-line19f (r19f) challenge in balb/c mice. the f(ab')2 form of 131-2g does not ... | 2014 | 24990999 |
| differentiation of th subsets inhibited by nonstructural proteins of respiratory syncytial virus is mediated by ubiquitination. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a major cause of severe respiratory diseases, constitutes an important risk factor for the development of subsequent asthma. however, the mechanism underlying rsv-induced asthma is poorly understood. viral non-structural proteins ns1 and ns2 are critically required for rsv virulence; they strongly suppress ifn-mediated innate immunity of the host cells. in order to understand the effects of ns1 and ns2 on differentiation of th subsets, we constructed lent ... | 2014 | 24992002 |
| decreased lung function precedes severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and post-respiratory syncytial virus wheeze in term infants. | it is unknown why respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes mild disease in some children and severe disease, requiring hospitalisation, in others. we aimed to assess whether diminished premorbid lung function in healthy term infants predisposes to hospitalisation during rsv bronchiolitis, and to post-rsv wheeze. in a prospective birth cohort study of unselected term healthy children, neonatal lung function was measured before the age of 2 months (n=2133). from birth through the first year of lif ... | 2014 | 24993909 |
| comparison of virological profiles of respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus in acute lower tract respiratory infections in very young chilean infants, according to their clinical outcome. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rhinovirus (hrv) are the main cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (alrtis) in infants. viral and host-related risk factors for severe disease have also not been clearly established. | 2014 | 24994006 |
| viral disruption of olfactory progenitors is exacerbated in allergic mice. | upper airway viral infection in patients with airway allergy often exacerbates olfactory dysfunction, but the mechanism for this exacerbation remains unclear. here, we examined the effects of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, in the presence or absence of airway allergy, on olfactory receptor neurons (orns) and their progenitors in mice. immunohistological analyses revealed that cockroach allergen (cra)-induced airway allergy alone did not affect the number of omp(+) mature orns and s ... | 2014 | 24998164 |
| differential roles of lung dendritic cell subsets against respiratory virus infection. | respiratory viruses can induce acute respiratory disease. clinical symptoms and manifestations are dependent on interactions between the virus and host immune system. dendritic cells (dcs), along with alveolar macrophages, constitute the first line of sentinel cells in the innate immune response against respiratory viral infection. dcs play an essential role in regulating the immune response by bridging innate and adaptive immunity. in the steady state, lung dcs can be subdivided into cd103(+) c ... | 2014 | 24999309 |
| viral etiology and seasonality of influenza-like illness in gabon, march 2010 to june 2011. | surveillance of influenza-like illness (ili) in central africa began only recently, and few data are therefore available on the circulation of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses. in gabon, a central african country, we established a surveillance network in four major towns in order to analyze cases of ili among patients who visited health centers between march 2010 and june 2011, and to determine the viral etiology. | 2014 | 25000832 |
| do pollution and climate influence respiratory tract infections in children? | to review if pollution and climate changes can influence respiratory tract infections in children. | 2016 | 25004275 |
| type-i interferons induce lung protease responses following respiratory syncytial virus infection via rig-i-like receptors. | the role of proteases in viral infection of the lung is poorly understood. thus, we examined matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) and cathepsin proteases in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected mouse lungs. rsv-induced gene expression for mmps -2, -3, -7, -8, -9, -10, -12, -13, -14, -16, -17, -19, -20, -25, -27, and -28 and cathepsins b, c, e, g, h, k, l1, s, w, and z in the airways of friend leukemia virus b sensitive strain mice. increased proteases were present in the bronchoalveolar lavage ... | 2015 | 25005357 |
| the association between age and the development of respiratory syncytial virus neutralising antibody responses following natural infection in infants. | to determine the age at which infants mount significant neutralising antibody responses to both natural rsv infection and live vaccines that mimic natural infection, rsv-specific neutralising antibodies in the acute and convalescent phase sera of infants with rsv infection were assayed. age-specific incidence estimates for hospitalisation with severe rsv disease were determined and compared to age-specific neutralising antibody response patterns. disease incidence peaked at between 2 and 3.9 mon ... | 2014 | 25005882 |
| polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies specific for the six-helix bundle of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein as probes of the protein post-fusion conformation. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) has two major surface glycoproteins (g and f) anchored in the lipid envelope. membrane fusion promoted by hrsv_f occurs via refolding from a pre-fusion form to a highly stable post-fusion state involving large conformational changes of the f trimer. one of these changes results in assembly of two heptad repeat sequences (hra and hrb) into a six-helix bundle (6hb) motif. to assist in distinguishing pre- and post-fusion conformations of hrsv_f, we have prep ... | 2014 | 25010277 |
| factors affecting de novo rna synthesis and back-priming by the respiratory syncytial virus polymerase. | respiratory syncytial virus rna dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) initiates rna synthesis from the leader (le) and trailer-complement (trc) promoters. the rdrp can also add nucleotides to the 3' end of the trc promoter by back-priming, but there is no evidence this occurs at the le promoter in infected cells. we examined how environmental factors and rna sequence affect de novo rna synthesis versus back-priming using an in vitro assay. we found that replacing mg(2+) with mn(2+) in the reaction buf ... | 2014 | 25010481 |
| rapid spread of the novel respiratory syncytial virus a on1 genotype, central italy, 2011 to 2013. | respiratory infections positive for human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subtype a were characterised in children admitted to hospitals in rome and ancona (italy) over the last three epidemic seasons. different strains of the novel rsv-a genotype on1, first identified in ontario (canada) in december 2010, were detected for the first time in italy in the following 2011/12 epidemic season. they bear an insertion of 24 amino acids in the g glycoprotein as well as amino acid changes likely to cha ... | 2014 | 25011065 |
| intranasal dna vaccine for protection against respiratory infectious diseases: the delivery perspectives. | intranasal delivery of dna vaccines has become a popular research area recently. it offers some distinguished advantages over parenteral and other routes of vaccine administration. nasal mucosa as site of vaccine administration can stimulate respiratory mucosal immunity by interacting with the nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissues (nalt). different kinds of dna vaccines are investigated to provide protection against respiratory infectious diseases including tuberculosis, coronavirus, influe ... | 2014 | 25014738 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of new phenylimidazopyridines and n-benzylidenequinolinamines derived by molecular simplification of phenylimidazo[4,5-g]quinolines. | continuing our program of research concerning the antiviral activity of a wide series of new angular and linear azolo bicyclic and tricyclic derivatives, now we have simplified and modified the 4-chloro-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-3h-imidazo[4,5-g]quinoline 1, which previously resulted the most active derivative, through either the elimination of the central ring or the opening of the imidazole ring, obtaining various imidazopyridines and n-benzylidenequinolinamines respectively. title compounds were test ... | 2014 | 25014745 |
| etiology and clinical outcomes of acute respiratory virus infection in hospitalized adults. | etiologies and clinical profiles of acute respiratory viral infections need to be clarified to improve preventive and therapeutic strategies. | 2014 | 25024868 |
| seasonal incidence of medically attended respiratory syncytial virus infection in a community cohort of adults ≥50 years old. | diagnostic testing for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is not routinely performed in adults. we estimated medically attended rsv seasonal incidence in a community cohort of adults ≥50 years old during four influenza seasons (2006-07 through 2009-10). | 2014 | 25025344 |
| respiratory syncytial virus can infect basal cells and alter human airway epithelial differentiation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, causing severe respiratory illness in infants and immune compromised patients. the ciliated cells of the human airway epithelium have been considered to be the exclusive target of rsv, although recent data have suggested that basal cells, the progenitors for the conducting airway epithelium, may also become infected in vivo. using either mechanical or chemical injury models, we have demonstrated a robust rsv ... | 2014 | 25033192 |
| multicenter clinical performance evaluation of bd veritor™ system for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | bd veritor™ system for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a new-generation lateral flow immunochromatographic assay for objective detection of rsv in respiratory specimens from children. | 2014 | 25034375 |
| viral lower respiratory tract infections and preterm infants' healthcare utilisation. | the aim of this study was to determine whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and other viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in prematurely born infants were associated with similar effects on healthcare utilisation and related cost of care in the second compared to the first year after birth. thirteen infants who had rsv lrtis (rsv), 21 who had other viral lrtis (other viral) and 25 had no viral lrtis (no lrti) were prospectively followed. nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected w ... | 2015 | 25035163 |
| modified vaccinia virus ankara (mva) as production platform for vaccines against influenza and other viral respiratory diseases. | respiratory viruses infections caused by influenza viruses, human parainfluenza virus (hpiv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and coronaviruses are an eminent threat for public health. currently, there are no licensed vaccines available for hpiv, rsv and coronaviruses, and the available seasonal influenza vaccines have considerable limitations. with regard to pandemic preparedness, it is important that procedures are in place to respond rapidly and produce tailor made vaccines against these re ... | 2014 | 25036462 |
| using google flu trends data in forecasting influenza-like-illness related ed visits in omaha, nebraska. | emergency department (ed) visits increase during the influenza seasons. it is essential to identify statistically significant correlates in order to develop an accurate forecasting model for ed visits. forecasting influenza-like-illness (ili)-related ed visits can significantly help in developing robust resource management strategies at the eds. | 2014 | 25037278 |
| association between infant swimming and rhinovirus-induced wheezing. | infant swimming has been considered as a risk factor for wheezing, but the role that respiratory viruses play is unclear. we explored the effects of infant swimming on the risk of all wheezing illnesses and wheezing associated with rhinoviruses. | 2014 | 25041066 |
| genetic variation of human respiratory syncytial virus among children with fever and respiratory symptoms in shanghai, china, from 2009 to 2012. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) of genus pneumovirus is one of the most common pathogens causing severe acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants and children. no information on the genotype distribution of hrsv is available in east china (e.g. shanghai). from august 2009 to december 2012, 2407 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from outpatient children with fever and respiratory symptoms in shanghai. hrsv infection was determined using a multiplex rt-pcr assay. the second hyp ... | 2014 | 25046173 |
| the effect of tip on pneumovirus-induced pulmonary edema in mice. | pulmonary edema plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced respiratory failure. in this study we determined whether treatment with tip (ap301), a synthetic cyclic peptide that mimics the lectin-like domain of human tnf, decreases pulmonary edema in a mouse model of severe human rsv infection. tip is currently undergoing clinical trials as a therapy for pulmonary permeability edema and has been shown to decrease pulmonary edema in different lung injur ... | 2014 | 25047452 |
| can we improve the targeting of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis in infants born 32-35 weeks' gestational age with more informed use of risk factors? | to evaluate the key risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalisation in 32-35 weeks' gestational age (wga) infants. | 2015 | 25048748 |
| ginseng diminishes lung disease in mice immunized with formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus after challenge by modulating host immune responses. | formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) immunization is known to cause severe pulmonary inflammatory disease after subsequent rsv infection. ginseng has been used in humans for thousands of years due to its potential health benefits. we investigated whether ginseng would have immune modulating effects on rsv infection in mice previously immunized with fi-rsv. oral administration of mice with ginseng increased igg2a isotype antibody responses to fi-rsv immunization, indicating t ... | 2014 | 25051168 |
| initial radiographic features as outcome predictor of adult respiratory syncytial virus respiratory tract infection. | the purposes of this study were to evaluate the chest radiographic features of adult patients hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus respiratory tract infections and to assess whether initial chest radiographic findings help predict clinical outcome. | 2014 | 25055260 |
| an outbreak of acute respiratory infections due to human respiratory syncytial virus in a nursing home for the elderly in ibaraki, japan, 2014. | 2014 | 25056086 | |
| detection of respiratory viruses in sputum from adults by use of automated multiplex pcr. | respiratory tract infections (rti) frequently cause hospital admissions among adults. diagnostic viral reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr) of nose and throat swabs (nts) is useful for patient care by informing antiviral use and appropriate isolation. however, automated rt-pcr systems are not amenable to utilizing sputum due to its viscosity. we evaluated a simple method of processing sputum samples in a fully automated respiratory viral panel rt-pcr assay (filmarray). archived sputum and nts samp ... | 2014 | 25056335 |
| rational design of human metapneumovirus live attenuated vaccine candidates by inhibiting viral mrna cap methyltransferase. | the paramyxoviruses human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3) are responsible for the majority of pediatric respiratory diseases and inflict significant economic loss, health care costs, and emotional burdens. despite major efforts, there are no vaccines available for these viruses. the conserved region vi (cr vi) of the large (l) polymerase proteins of paramyxoviruses catalyzes methyltransferase (mtase) activities that t ... | 2014 | 25056882 |
| surface expression of the hrsv nucleoprotein impairs immunological synapse formation with t cells. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children worldwide. the recurrent hrsv outbreaks and reinfections are the cause of a significant public health burden and associate with an inefficient antiviral immunity, even after disease resolution. although several mouse- and human cell-based studies have shown that hrsv infection prevents naïve t-cell activation by antigen-presenting cells, the mechanism underlying such inhibition remains ... | 2014 | 25056968 |
| [viral respiratory tract infections in the neonatal intensive care unit]. | viral respiratory infections cause major morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. we have performed a prospective study in our neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) to determine the incidence of respiratory infections, their impact and the epidemiology and outcome in high risk neonates. | 2015 | 25066594 |
| respiratory secretion analyses in the evaluation of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a survey of current practice in pediatric critical care. | ventilator-associated pneumonia is among the most common nosocomial infections in the picu. respiratory secretion cultures and gram stains are frequently obtained for diagnosis and to guide therapy, but their specificity is questionable. we conducted a scenario-based survey of pediatric intensivists to assess their antibiotic use in response to hypothetical tracheal aspirate culture and gram stain results. | 2014 | 25068248 |
| comparison of a new transport medium with universal transport medium at a tropical field site. | limited data are available in rural honduran settings describing the etiology of respiratory infections, partially due to limited specimen transport. a new molecular transport media (mtm) preserves released nucleic acid at ambient temperature for later detection. prospective surveillance was conducted in a honduran clinic to identify 233 children less than 5 years of age presenting with respiratory symptoms. we obtained 2 nasopharyngeal samples and stored 1 in primestore® mtm at room temperature ... | 2014 | 25070008 |
| updated guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis among infants and young children at increased risk of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | guidance from the american academy of pediatrics (aap) for the use of palivizumab prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was first published in a policy statement in 1998. guidance initially was based on the result from a single randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in 1996-1997 describing an overall reduction in rsv hospitalization rate from 10.6% among placebo recipients to 4.8% among children who received prophylaxis. the results of a second randomized, placeb ... | 2014 | 25070304 |
| updated guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis among infants and young children at increased risk of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | palivizumab was licensed in june 1998 by the food and drug administration for the reduction of serious lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in children at increased risk of severe disease. since that time, the american academy of pediatrics has updated its guidance for the use of palivizumab 4 times as additional data became available to provide a better understanding of infants and young children at greatest risk of hospitalization attributable to rsv in ... | 2014 | 25070315 |
| demonstrating the use of high-volume electronic medical claims data to monitor local and regional influenza activity in the us. | fine-grained influenza surveillance data are lacking in the us, hampering our ability to monitor disease spread at a local scale. here we evaluate the performances of high-volume electronic medical claims data to assess local and regional influenza activity. | 2014 | 25072598 |
| comparison of human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus respiratory tract infections in young children admitted to hospital. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), human metapneumovirus (hmpv), and rhinoviruses (rv) are frequent causes of respiratory tract infections in young children. we compared laboratory and clinical findings in children with comparable age distribution and hospitalized due to rsv, hmpv or rv infections. viral pathogens were detected by a quantitative real time pcr from nasopharyngeal aspirates. no significant differences in the admission diagnosis, laboratory parameters, patient demographics and trea ... | 2015 | 25074284 |
| a monomeric uncleaved respiratory syncytial virus f antigen retains prefusion-specific neutralizing epitopes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading infectious cause of severe respiratory disease in infants and a major cause of respiratory illness in the elderly. there remains an unmet vaccine need despite decades of research. insufficient potency, homogeneity, and stability of previous rsv fusion protein (f) subunit vaccine candidates have hampered vaccine development. rsv f and related parainfluenza virus (piv) f proteins are cleaved by furin during intracellular maturation, producing disulf ... | 2014 | 25078705 |
| a bayesian sirs model for the analysis of respiratory syncytial virus in the region of valencia, spain. | we present a bayesian stochastic susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible (sirs) model in discrete time to understand respiratory syncytial virus dynamics in the region of valencia, spain. a sirs model based on ordinary differential equations has also been proposed to describe rsv dynamics in the region of valencia. however, this continuous-time deterministic model is not suitable when the initial number of infected individuals is small. stochastic epidemic models based on a probability of dis ... | 2014 | 25088210 |
| evaluation of the temporal association between kawasaki disease and viral infections in south korea. | this study is aimed at elucidating potential temporal associations between the occurrence of kawasaki disease (kd) and various viral infections. | 2014 | 25089137 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in infants affected by primary immunodeficiency. | primary immunodeficiencies are rare inherited disorders that may lead to frequent and often severe acute respiratory infections. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most frequent pathogens during early infancy and the infection is more severe in immunocompromised infants than in healthy infants, as a result of impaired t- and b-cell immune response unable to efficaciously neutralize viral replication, with subsequent increased viral shedding and potentially lethal lower respiratory t ... | 2014 | 25089282 |
| cross-resistance mechanism of respiratory syncytial virus against structurally diverse entry inhibitors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading pediatric pathogen that is responsible for a majority of infant hospitalizations due to viral disease. despite its clinical importance, no vaccine prophylaxis against rsv disease or effective antiviral therapeutic is available. in this study, we established a robust high-throughput drug screening protocol by using a recombinant rsv reporter virus to expand the pool of rsv inhibitor candidates. mechanistic characterization revealed that a potent newl ... | 2014 | 25092342 |
| the influence of diurnal temperature range on the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus in japan. | the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been reported to exhibit seasonal variation. however, the impact of diurnal temperature range (dtr) on rsv has not been investigated. after acquiring data related to cases of rsv and weather parameters of dtr in fukuoka, japan, between 2006 and 2012, we used negative binomial generalized linear models and distributed lag nonlinear models to assess the possible relationship between dtr and rsv cases, adjusting for confounding factors. our ana ... | 2015 | 25092407 |
| agmatine-containing poly(amidoamine)s as a novel class of antiviral macromolecules: structural properties and in vitro evaluation of infectivity inhibition. | poly(amidoamine)s (paas) are multifunctional tert-amine polymers endowed with high structural versatility. here we report on the screening of a minilibrary of paas against a panel of viruses. the paa agma1 showed antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, human papillomavirus 16, and respiratory syncytial virus but not against human rotavirus and vesicular stomatitis virus. the results suggest the contribution of both a polycationic nature and side guanidine groups i ... | 2014 | 25092704 |
| epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection among children <5 years of age in a high hiv prevalence setting, south africa, 2009-2012. | data on the epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) from high hiv prevalence settings are limited. we aimed to describe lrti hospitalizations among south african children aged <5 years. | 2015 | 25093972 |
| inhibition of the human respiratory syncytial virus small hydrophobic protein and structural variations in a bicelle environment. | the small hydrophobic (sh) protein is a 64-amino-acid polypeptide encoded by the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv). sh protein has a single α-helical transmembrane (tm) domain that forms pentameric ion channels. herein, we report the first inhibitor of the sh protein channel, pyronin b, and we have mapped its binding site to a conserved surface of the rsv sh pentamer, at the c-terminal end of the transmembrane domain. the validity of the sh protein structural model used has been confirmed ... | 2014 | 25100835 |
| programming of the lung by early-life infection. | many important human diseases, such as asthma, have their developmental origins in early life. respiratory infections in particular may alter the course of asthma and may either protect against or promote the development of this disease. it is likely that the nature of the effects depends on the type and age of infection and is determined by the impact of infection on the immune and respiratory systems. immunity in early life is plastic and can be moulded by antigen encounter, which may enhance ... | 2012 | 25102006 |
| the underrecognized burden of respiratory syncytial virus among infants presenting to us emergency departments. | 2015 | 25104728 | |
| paramyxovirus glycoprotein incorporation, assembly and budding: a three way dance for infectious particle production. | paramyxoviruses are a family of negative sense rna viruses whose members cause serious diseases in humans, such as measles virus, mumps virus and respiratory syncytial virus; and in animals, such as newcastle disease virus and rinderpest virus. paramyxovirus particles form by assembly of the viral matrix protein, the ribonucleoprotein complex and the surface glycoproteins at the plasma membrane of infected cells and subsequent viral budding. two major glycoproteins expressed on the viral envelop ... | 2014 | 25105277 |
| a comprehensive proteomic view of responses of a549 type ii alveolar epithelial cells to human respiratory syncytial virus infection. | human respiratory syncytial virus is a major respiratory pathogen for which there are no suitable antivirals or vaccines. a better understanding of the host cell response to this virus may redress this problem. the present report concerns analysis of multiple independent biological replicates of control and 24 h infected lysates of a549 cells by two different proteomic workflows. one workflow involved fractionation of lysates by in-solution protein ief and individual fractions were digested usin ... | 2014 | 25106423 |
| a systematic review of predictive modeling for bronchiolitis. | bronchiolitis is the most common cause of illness leading to hospitalization in young children. at present, many bronchiolitis management decisions are made subjectively, leading to significant practice variation among hospitals and physicians caring for children with bronchiolitis. to standardize care for bronchiolitis, researchers have proposed various models to predict the disease course to help determine a proper management plan. this paper reviews the existing state of the art of predictive ... | 2014 | 25106933 |
| development of a reverse genetics system for respiratory syncytial virus long strain and an immunogenicity study of the recombinant virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human respiratory pathogen, particularly of infants and older adults, and despite several decades of research and development, no licensed vaccine is available. studies have confirmed that enhancement of rsv disease does not occur after inoculation with rsv live-attenuated vaccine candidates, making such vaccines preferable. in this paper, reverse genetics was used to construct two recombinant viruses, a recombinant long strain (rlong) and rlong- ... | 2014 | 25107552 |
| nitazoxanide: a first-in-class broad-spectrum antiviral agent. | originally developed and commercialized as an antiprotozoal agent, nitazoxanide was later identified as a first-in-class broad-spectrum antiviral drug and has been repurposed for the treatment of influenza. a phase 2b/3 clinical trial recently published in the lancet infectious diseases found that oral administration of nitazoxanide 600mg twice daily for five days reduced the duration of clinical symptoms and reduced viral shedding compared to placebo in persons with laboratory-confirmed influen ... | 2014 | 25108173 |
| identification of cellular proteins that interact with newcastle disease virus and human respiratory syncytial virus by a two-dimensional virus overlay protein binding assay (vopba). | although it is well documented that the initial attachment receptors for newcastle disease virus (ndv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are sialic acid-containing molecules and glycosaminoglycans respectively, the exact nature of the receptors for both viruses remains to be deciphered. moreover, additional molecules at the host cell surface might be involved in the entry mechanism. with the aim of identifying the cellular proteins that interact with ndv and rsv at the cell surface, we perfo ... | 2014 | 25109545 |
| virus-like nanoparticle and dna vaccination confers protection against respiratory syncytial virus by modulating innate and adaptive immune cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen. expression of virus structural proteins produces self-assembled virus-like nanoparticles (vlp). we investigated immune phenotypes after rsv challenge of immunized mice with vlp containing rsv f and g glycoproteins mixed with f-dna (fdfg vlp). in contrast to formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) causing vaccination-associated eosinophilia, fdfg vlp immunization induced low bronchoalveolar cellularity, higher ratios of cd11c(+) versus c ... | 2015 | 25109662 |
| the genetic variability of glycoproteins among respiratory syncytial virus subtype a in china between 2009 and 2013. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children under 5years of age. the novel genotype on1 has a 72-nucleotide duplication, which is the largest duplicated genome portion of rsv. whether the on1 genotype will follow the pattern of the ba genotype, which has a 60-nucleotide duplication, and become the predominant rsv-a strain is a global concern. to obtain information regarding the prevalence of the on1 genotype in ... | 2014 | 25109878 |
| co-immunization with virus-like particle and dna vaccines induces protection against respiratory syncytial virus infection and bronchiolitis. | this study demonstrates that immunization with non-replicating virus-like particle (ffg vlp) containing rsv f and g glycoproteins together with rsv f dna induced t helper type 1 antibody responses to rsv f similar to live rsv infection. upon rsv challenge 21weeks after immunization, ffg vlp vaccination induced protection against rsv infection as shown by clearance of lung viral loads, and the absence of eosinophil infiltrates, and did not cause lung pathology. in contrast, formalin-inactivated r ... | 2014 | 25110201 |
| induction of long-term immunity against respiratory syncytial virus glycoprotein by an osmotic polymeric nanocarrier. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common causes of viral deaths in infants worldwide, yet no effective vaccines are available. here, we report an osmotically active polysaccharide-based polysorbitol transporter (pst) prepared from sorbitol diacrylate and low-molecular-weight polyethylenimine (pei) showing a potent, yet safe, adjuvant activity and acting as an effective delivery tool for rsv glycoprotein (rgp) antigen. pst showed no toxicity in vitro or in vivo, unlike pei and ... | 2014 | 25110285 |
| comparison of severe pneumonia caused by human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children. | the objective of this study is to compare the incidence and clinical characteristics of severe pneumonia caused by human metapneumovirus (hmpv) to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in children. | 2014 | 25118733 |
| immunoprophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus with palvizumab: what is new? | 2014 | 25119743 | |
| respiratory infections in children up to two years of age on prophylaxis with palivizumab. | to identify the viruses involved in acute respiratory tract infections and to analyze the rates of hospitalization and death in children on palivizumab prophylaxis. | 2014 | 25119744 |
| methyltransferase-defective avian metapneumovirus vaccines provide complete protection against challenge with the homologous colorado strain and the heterologous minnesota strain. | avian metapneumovirus (ampv), also known as avian pneumovirus or turkey rhinotracheitis virus, is the causative agent of turkey rhinotracheitis and is associated with swollen head syndrome in chickens. since its discovery in the 1970s, ampv has been recognized as an economically important pathogen in the poultry industry worldwide. the conserved region vi (cr vi) of the large (l) polymerase proteins of paramyxoviruses catalyzes methyltransferase (mtase) activities that typically methylate viral ... | 2014 | 25122790 |
| epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are the dominant cause of pneumonia in children. in order to determine the epidemiological characteristics and immune status of children with respiratory syncytial virus, a prospective study was performed among patients with rsv infection. comparisons between rsv pneumonia group and normal control group, rsv pneumonia group had lower il-2 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.8 vs. 5.1, p < 0.01), and higher il-4 (median levels, pg/ml: 3.2 vs. 2.4, p < 0.01), il-1 ... | 2015 | 25123681 |
| [modelling respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission children aged less than five years-old]. | studying respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) transmission dynamics in a population of children aged less than 5 years-old using deterministic models. | 2014 | 25124134 |
| respiratory viruses are continuously detected in children with chronic tonsillitis throughout the year. | to evaluate the oscillations on the viral detection in adenotonsillar tissues from patients with chronic adenotonsillar diseases as an indicia of the presence of persistent viral infections or acute subclinical infections. | 2014 | 25128448 |
| ifn-γ ca microsatellite polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus infection and severity. | ifn-γ, an essential cytokine in the viral cell-mediated immune response, has been associated with the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and to the severity of the infection. the aim of this study was to investigate whether ifn-γ ca microsatellite (rs3138557) polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to rsv in chinese han children and with the severity of the infection. | 2014 | 25130433 |
| a colorimetric immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus detection based on gold nanoparticles-graphene oxide hybrids with mercury-enhanced peroxidase-like activity. | a novel colorimetric immunoassay for highly sensitive detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), one of the leading causes of severe lower respiratory tract infections in all age groups, has been proposed based on hg(2+)-stimulated peroxidase-like activity of gold nanoparticles-graphene oxide (aunps-go) hybrids. this metal ion-enhanced immunoassay shows high promise in the field of biomedical sciences. | 2014 | 25131342 |
| alleviation of respiratory syncytial virus replication and inflammation by fungal immunomodulatory protein fip-fve from flammulina velutipes. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes bronchiolitis in children followed by inflammation and asthma-like symptoms. the development of preventive therapy for this virus continues to pose a challenge. fungal immunomodulatory proteins (fips) exhibit anti-inflammatory function. fip-fve is an immunomodulatory protein isolated from flammulina velutipes. to determine whether fip-fve affects the infection or consequence of immunity of rsv, we investigated viral titers of rsv and inflammatory cytokine ... | 2014 | 25131377 |
| lactate dehydrogenase and caspase activity in nasopharyngeal secretions are predictors of bronchiolitis severity. | bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants. biomarkers of disease severity might help in clinical management. | 2014 | 25132512 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants - an update on palivizumab prophylaxis. | morbidity due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease is still high in infants and children worldwide during the first two to five years of life. certain categories of high-risk infants with increased morbidity and mortality attributed to rsv disease have been identified and are included in national recommendations for prophylaxis with the monoclonal rsv antibody palivizumab. most guidelines recommend palivizumab for preterm infants born less than or equal to 32 weeks gestational age with o ... | 2014 | 25132870 |
| the burden of influenza and rsv among inpatients and outpatients in rural western kenya, 2009-2012. | in kenya, detailed data on the age-specific burden of influenza and rsv are essential to inform use of limited vaccination and treatment resources. | 2014 | 25133576 |
| 'they said it was bronchiolitis; is it going to turn into asthma doctor?'. | acute bronchiolitis is a common paediatric disease of infancy. its association with subsequent asthma development has puzzled clinicians and epidemiologists for decades. this article reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the role of acute bronchiolitis in the inception of asthma. there is little doubt that acute bronchiolitis is associated with an increased risk of recurrent wheezing throughout the primary school years although the direction of causality--i.e. whether bronchiolitis in ... | 2014 | 25138566 |
| oral gs-5806 activity in a respiratory syncytial virus challenge study. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of infant hospitalizations and is increasingly recognized as a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality. no accepted antiviral treatment exists. | 2014 | 25140957 |
| challenges and future in vaccines, drug development, and immunomodulatory therapy. | pulmonary diseases and infections are among the top contributors to human morbidity and mortality worldwide, and despite the successful history of vaccines and antimicrobial therapeutics, infectious disease still presents a significant threat to human health. effective vaccines are frequently unavailable in developing countries, and successful vaccines have yet to be developed for major global maladies, such as tuberculosis. furthermore, antibiotic resistance poses a growing threat to human heal ... | 2014 | 25148426 |