Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| diagnosis of hepatitis a infection: comparative specificity of igm capture assays using antigens derived from tissue cultures and marmoset faeces. | hepatitis a virus (hav) antigens from two tissue culture sources were compared with that from the faeces of infected marmosets to determine whether the former were satisfactory substitutes. sera from 313 healthy blood donors and 417 patients with various clinical conditions were tested for igm class antibody to hav (anti-hav igm) using an igm antibody capture assay (macria) with each of the 3 antigens. forty-eight specimens, all from cases of acute hepatitis, were positive in macria with all 3 a ... | 1984 | 6094607 |
| propagation and assay of hepatitis a virus in vitro. | ten strains of hepatitis a virus (hav) originating from far distant geographical locations were adapted to growth in plc/prf/5 (human hepatoma derived and/or mrc-5 (human embryonic lung) cells. in the course of primary adaptation some of these strains exhibited a predilection for distinct cultural conditions such as type of host cell and temperature of incubation. with progressive passage, variant viruses with quite different requirements could be selected; yet, it proved impossible to isolate a ... | 1984 | 6094609 |
| the heat sensitivity of hepatitis a virus determined by a simple tissue culture method. | a method for estimating residual infectious hepatitis a virus (hav) after heat treatment of suspensions of the virus was devised. it made use of a readily maintained cell line (frhk-4) in which the rate of release of hav antigen into the tissue culture medium was directly proportional to the size of the inoculum. loss of viral infectivity after heating could be estimated by inoculating heat-treated hav suspensions into cell monolayers and measuring antigen released from the cultures during 5 wee ... | 1984 | 6094725 |
| [antibodies against hepatitis a virus in patients hospitalized with liver diseases and other diseases of the digestive system]. | 1984 | 6095228 | |
| [antigen of hepatitis a virus detected in shellfish using the elisa test]. | 1984 | 6095526 | |
| sex-related differences in immunoglobulin m and in total antibody response to hepatitis a virus observed in two epidemics of hepatitis a. | sixty symptomatic and 42 asymptomatic cases of hepatitis a detected during two epidemics on the greek island of crete in autumn-winter, 1978-1979 were tested for serum total and immunoglobulin m (igm) specific antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav and igm anti-hav) by commercially available solid phase radioimmunoassays. all cases of symptomatic hepatitis a tested during the first eight weeks from onset were igm anti-hav positive with a geometric mean titer of 1:3,575 at 0-28 days from onset. ... | 1984 | 6095654 |
| stability of hepatitis a virus. | the stabilities of hepatitis a virus (hav) and of poliovirus type 2 were compared under strictly controlled, identical conditions of ph value, temperature, and salt concentration. although the resistance of the viruses proved to be the same from ph 3 to 11, the temperature at which 50% of poliovirus particles became disintegrated during heating at ph 7.0 for 10 min (t50,10 = 43 degrees) differed significantly from that characteristic for hav (t50,10 = 61 degrees). in the presence of 1 m mgcl2, t ... | 1984 | 6096294 |
| hepatitis a virus: growth characteristics of in vivo and in vitro propagated wild and attenuated virus strains. | serial passage of the ms-1 strain hepatitis a virus (hav) in marmosets was shown to increase the yield of virus and to shorten the incubation period from approximately 55 days in the first passage to 3-7 days in the ninth and higher passages. intravenous inoculation of susceptible chimpanzees with ms-1 hav was found to result in a typical course of disease in two animals who had received eighth marmoset-passage virus, including the occurrence of elevated alt activity, presence of hav antigen in ... | 1984 | 6096505 |
| [cloning of hepatitis a virus genomes]. | the hepatitis a virus (hav) belongs to the family of picorna viruses/enteroviridae. its growing pattern in cell cultures deviates from the pattern found in other picorna viruses: hav does not have cytopathic effects and the replication rate of the virus in cell culture is lower than that one of comparable enteroviruses. in order to be able to understand the biochemistry and gene structure of this virus the genomic virus rns was cloned molecularly as cdns and the nucleotid sequence of the genom w ... | 1984 | 6096653 |
| [viruses in the feces of patients with viral hepatitis and other enterovirus infections]. | direct and immune electron microscopy was used to determine the frequency of finding of hepatitis a virus (hav) and other viral agents in feces of patients in relation to the diagnosis and epidemiological situation. hav-containing excretions from patients were analysed ultrastructurally. the highest frequency of hav detection was established in patients in a water-borne and food-borne outbreak of hepatitis a (ha) and was 40.9% and 36.9%, respectively. in patients with ha diagnosis in the period ... | 1984 | 6097043 |
| [viral hepatitis a: specific immunological aspects before and after exposure to risk]. | the serum samples collected from 1279 healthy subjects were studied by radio-immunologic methods before they were given polyvalent immunoglobulin for hepatitis a prophylaxis. they departed all together for the endemic area at the same time. 1220 remained healthy, and serum samples (120 th day) were studied once again. hepatitis a occurred in 59 cases. for 30 studied of them, the proof had been given at the initial phase, either by the discovery of the virus in the stool, or by detection of anti- ... | 1984 | 6099083 |
| [radioimmunological determination of hav and anti-hav iga in the feces of patients with acute type-a hepatitis]. | 58 fecal specimens from 14 patients (10 hepatitis a, 2 hepatitis b and 2 infectious mononucleosis) were tested for the hepatitis a virus (hav) and iga anti-hav by micro-solid-phase-radioimmunoassay. only patients with hepatitis a were positive for hav and/or iga anti-hav. in the first days of the disease we found hav in the feces of 4 patients but it was never present after the sixth day. in all hepatitis a we found iga anti-hav in at least one fecal specimen and the titer of the antibodies incr ... | 1982 | 6100166 |
| prevalence of hepatitis a virus infection in normal individuals and hospital patients in kuala lumpur. | 1983 | 6100990 | |
| viral hepatitis markers in blood donors and patients with a history of jaundice. | selected blood donors, antenatal patients, and hospital patients with a history of jaundice were investigated for evidence of prio exposure to hepatitis a and b viruses. two markers of hepatitis b-infection were sought--surface antibody (anti-hbs) and core antibody (anti-hbc). the prevalence of both markers was low in jaundice history donors and antenatal patients and was no different from the prevalence in random populations of both groups. in contrast, the prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a ... | 1980 | 6101690 |
| antibodies to hepatitis a virus in immune serum globulin. | 1980 | 6106129 | |
| epidemic and endemic hepatitis in india: evidence for a non-a, non-b hepatitis virus aetiology. | 69 serum pairs from two common-source water-borne outbreaks and one series of endemic cases of hepatitis in three parts of india were tested for hepatitis a and hepatitis b virus infections. none of the patients had evidence of hav infection and only 10.1% had evidence of hbv infection. a large proportion of hepatitis in india seems to be caused by previously unrecognised agents. | 1980 | 6107544 |
| [hepatitis viruses of man: transmission, epidemiology and immunology (author's transl)]. | the isolation and characterization of the hepatitis a virus (hav) and the hepatitis b virus (hbv) resulted in great advances in the serological diagnosis and the prophylaxis. about 20% of the viral hepatitis cases are caused by the hav. the hepatitis a never becomes chronic and can be diagnosed by the detection of hav antibodies of the igm type. the hbv is the etiologic agent in 60% of the hepatitis cases and 10% of these become chronic. it is possible to immunize against the hbv and to reduce t ... | 1980 | 6107830 |
| anti-hepatitis-a-virus potency of immunoglobulin. | 1981 | 6113330 | |
| effect of drying and storage at 25 degrees c on immunological reactivity of hepatitis a virus antigen in stool specimens. | 1981 | 6113430 | |
| hepatitis a virus in primates outside captivity. | 1981 | 6117705 | |
| hepatitis a virus among captive panamanian owl monkeys. | 1981 | 6118799 | |
| relapsing hepatitis associated with hepatitis a virus. | 1982 | 6123879 | |
| polyomavirus in fetal rhesus monkey kidney cell lines used to grow hepatitis a virus. | 1983 | 6132304 | |
| enzyme-immunoassay in the diagnosis of human hepatitis a: specific and non-specific reactions. | solid-phase enzyme-immunoassay (eia) used for the detection of hepatitis a virus (hav) often reveals a non-specific activity which can be reduced or fully eliminated in the presence of normal serum. the factor responsible for this activity appeared to be a non-viral eia-active material (nveam) that non-specifically reacted with normal serum of some mammalian species (human, monkey, rabbit, cattle). the hav and nveam have been separated by csc1 gradient centrifugation, where the hav banded in a n ... | 1983 | 6133430 |
| prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a virus (hav) in blood donors of 13 western hemisphere countries and territories. | 1980 | 6158353 | |
| new bacterial absorption method for determination of hepatitis a igm and iga antibodies. | antibodies against hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) can be determined by a commercially available radioimmunoassay (ria) (havabtm, abbott). to discriminate between recent and past hepatitis a infection this ria was used in combination with absorption with protein a-containing staphylococci. however, nonabsorbable anti-hav was repeatedly detected in late-convalescent sera using this methods. the nature of these antibodies was studied in serum samples from 12 such patients. in all patients, the late-c ... | 1980 | 6164748 |
| [gamma globulin as a prophylactic measure in an outbreak of hepatitis a in an institution for mentally retarded children (author's transl)]. | an outbreak of hepatitis a was observed in an institution for mentally handicapped children. within 2 months 21 cases occurred in 4 out of 7 groups. by means of gamma-globulin administration and measures of general hygiene, the outbreak, although not immediately stopped, was brought under control. the number of overt cases was reduced and further transmission to 3 other groups was prevented. the detection of igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus proved to be very suitable for diagnostic purposes. ... | 1981 | 6171105 |
| the physicochemical properties of infectious hepatitis a virions. | the propagation of hepatitis a virus (hav) in the cell line plc/prf/5 made possible the radiolabelling in vivo of mature, infectious hepatitis a virions and the determination of their physicochemical properties. in contrast to poliovirus type 2 (160s, 1.340 g/ml), hav had a sedimentation coefficient of 156 +/- 2s and a buoyant density of 1.332 g/ml in cscl. the genome of hav consisted of linear single-stranded rna which sedimented at 32.5s under non-denaturing conditions. compared to the size an ... | 1981 | 6172556 |
| demonstration of a single antigen-antibody system in 26 patients with non-a, non-b viral hepatitis. | 26 patients with viral hepatitis were selected on the basis of negative responses to serological tests for hepatitis b virus and hepatitis a virus infections. the illness was acute in 19 patients and chronic persistent in the remaining 7. immunodiffusion tests showed a single antigen-antibody system in the sera of all 26 patients. each patient had at least one serum sample positive for antigen or antibody. in 1 post-transfusion case, the corresponding immunological marker was found in the donor. ... | 1982 | 6181364 |
| primary hepatocellular carcinoma following non-a, non-b posttransfusion hepatitis. | in 1964 a 42-year-old woman was hospitalized with clinical and laboratory signs of posttransfusion hepatitis five weeks after administration of six whole blood transfusions. during the following 17 years anicteric chronic liver disease was repeatedly documented by elevations of serum aspartate aminotransferase (sgot) and alkaline phosphatase enzymes. in 1981 hepatomegaly, progressive jaundice, and a serum alphafetoprotein level of 516,000 ng/ml were observed. percutaneous liver biopsy showed a p ... | 1983 | 6193933 |
| antigenic relatedness of two strains of hepatitis a virus determined by cross-neutralization. | cell culture-adapted hm-175 (australia) and pa-21 (panama) strains of hepatitis a virus were compared in a cross-neutralization radioimmunofocus inhibition assay. the ratio of antibody titers achieved with two sera against the two viruses differed by less than twofold, indicating a high degree of antigenic relatedness between epidemiologically disparate strains of virus. | 1983 | 6194118 |
| [antibodies to hepatitis a and b viral antigens in commercial gamma-globulin preparations]. | radioimmunoassay was used to study the presence of antibodies to hepatitis a and b virus antigens in commercial gamma-globulin preparations produced in 20 towns of the ussr. antibodies to hepatitis a virus were found in all gamma-globulin lots tested, their titres varying from 1:10 to 1:1000. anti-hbs in titres from 1:1 to 1:32 were found only in 66% of the lots tested, being present in all the lots produced in moscow and gorkiy and only in half of the lots produced in tashkent. antibodies to hb ... | 1983 | 6197815 |
| a microcarrier cell culture system for large scale production of hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus (hav) was isolated from human faeces using a fetal rhesus monkey kidney cell line (frhk-4). infectious medium from passage 12 was used to inoculate a large (5000 cm2) microcarrier cell culture maintained in suspension. the microcarriers used were swollen, collagen-coated dextran beads on which it was easy to propagate frhk-4 cells. intra- and extra-cellular virus levels were assayed and compared with conventional cultures in 25 cm2 plastic flasks. the results show that virus pr ... | 1984 | 6200491 |
| detection of non-a, non-b hepatitis antigen by immunocytochemical staining. | liver tissue obtained from a chimpanzee during the acute phase of an experimental non-a, non-b (nanb) hepatitis virus infection was studied by a sensitive immunocytochemical staining procedure for the presence of nanb viral antigens. initial investigations were conducted with a model system of hepatitis b virus (hbv) antigens for purposes of comparing two immunocytochemical staining methods. of these two procedures, an immunoperoxidase procedure, utilizing an avidin-biotinylated enzyme complex, ... | 1984 | 6203116 |
| neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis a virus: partial localization of a neutralizing antigenic site. | balb/c mice were immunized with purified preparations of hepatitis a virus (hav) isolated after 21 days of growth in llc-mk2 cells. the hav antigen was isolated from cscl gradients and consisted primarily of the following three proteins as analyzed after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and coomassie blue staining: vp-1 at 33,000 daltons, vp-2 at 29,000 to 30,000 daltons, and vp-3 at 27,000 daltons. the spleen cells isolated from two balb/c mice, immunized with two inocu ... | 1984 | 6208377 |
| sexual transmission of hepatitis a in homosexual men: incidence and mechanism. | we performed monthly examinations and serologic tests for antibody to hepatitis virus a (anti-ha) in a study of 57 heterosexual men and 102 homosexual men followed prospectively for a mean of 8.9 months and 6.1 months, respectively. the initial prevalence of anti-ha was 30 per cent in homosexual men and 12 per cent in heterosexual men p less than 0.01). the annual incidence of hepatitis a in susceptible (seronegative) homosexual men was 22 per cent, whereas no heterosexual men acquired hepatitis ... | 1980 | 6243391 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus in the feces of patients with naturally acquired infections. | a prospective study was carried out on 200 patients admitted to fairfield hospital, melbourne, australia, with acute hepatitis a to determine the frequency with which virus could be detected in their feces. evidence of infection with hepatitis a virus (hav) was obtained by detecting igm specific for hav in a single serum sample or by demonstrating a rising titer of antibody in paired sera by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. hav was detected in the feces of 59 of the 200 patients by solid-phase radi ... | 1980 | 6245150 |
| viral hepatitis a and b: a seroepidemiological study of a non-hepatitic sydney population. | the age-specific prevalence rates of hepatitis a and b virus markers in 683 patients of all ages with non-hepatitic illnesses admitted to a sydney hospital over the period from 1971 to 1974 were determined. the pattern of prevalence rates of hepatitis a antibody (anti-hav) appeared to be a cumulative one, with steadily increasing rates in patients up to the age of 40 years. thereafter a large increase in prevalence occurred. in contrast, prevalence rates for hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers were ... | 1980 | 6246406 |
| antibody to hepatitis a virus in plasma of danish blood donors and in immune serum globulin produced in denmark. | antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) was studied in 225 danish blood donors. the prevalence was found to be 3% in individuals younger than 30 years but then rising with age to 78% in individuals older than 55 years. the titer of anti-hav in 51 lots of danish immune serum globulin (isg) produced from june 1969 to june 1977 was found to vary between 2300 and 5900 except for 2 with titers of 14000 and 28000. the titers did not change during the period and compared well to 3 lots of isg produced ... | 1980 | 6246571 |
| hepatitis viruses: characterization and diagnostic techniques. | two human hypatitis viruses have been identified and characterized, but one or more additional agents exist. hepatitis b virus (hbv) is a complex 42-nm predominantly double-stranded dna virus with distinct surface and core antigens and an endogenous dna polymerase. hepatitis a virus (hav) is a 27-nm rna virus with enterovirus-like properties. progressively more sensitive and specific immunologic assays have been applied to the study of viral hepatitis and are available for routine diagnostic pur ... | 1980 | 6246688 |
| hepatitis a virus in the liver and intestine of marmosets after oral inoculation. | a total of 12 seronegative marmosets (saguinus mystax) were inoculated orally with hepatitis a virus (hav) and sacrificed at 3- to 4-day intervals. tissues from the livers, intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleens were obtained for immunofluorescence studies, and bile and intestinal contents were obtained for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay studies. two marmosets sacrificed on days 34 and 41 after inoculation developed antibody to hav and demonstrated hav in their livers but not in any ... | 1980 | 6247287 |
| comparison of solid phase test systems for demonstrating antibodies against hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) of the igm-class. | three methods were compared for determining anti-hav of the igm class. in the first method flat-bottomed microtiter plates coated consecutively with anti-hav of the igg class and haag were incubated with patient serum and, after washing, peroxidase conjugated anti-mu was added. after subsequent incubation with substrate the enzymatic reaction was stopped and the optical density was measured. in the second method the solid phase was coated first with antibodies to igm and after incubation with pa ... | 1980 | 6247442 |
| viral hepatitis a and b in hemodialysed patients. | in 113 hemodialysed patients, 167 hospitalized patients, and 143 outpatients the frequency of hav and hbv markers were studied by testing hbsag, anti-hbs, anti-hbc, hbeag, anti-hbe, and anti-hav. the hemodialysis patients in a dialysis-center had significantly more often hbv markers (85.7%) than those maintained on home-dialysis (46.5%). 29.9% of the hospitalized patients and 32.1% of the outpatients had hbv markers. by the anti-hbc test up to 41% of additional hbv infections could be detected.- ... | 1980 | 6248680 |
| [antibodies to hepatitis a virus in the population of sap vojvodina]. | 1980 | 6249042 | |
| radioimmunoassay for detection of antibody to hepatitis a virus. results of clinical evaluation. | the performance of a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (havab) for the detection of antibody to hepatitis a virus (hav) was evaluated in clinical studies. the procedure was reproducible by eight investigators, and laboratory-to-laboratory variations were minimal. the sensitivity of the test was about equal to or slightly greater than that of immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha) for detecting antibody in serum, but iaha gives somewhat higher titer values than havab. a survey of the incidence of an ... | 1980 | 6249116 |
| immunoglobulin m-specific serologic testing in an outbreak of foodborne viral hepatitis, type a. | ninety-seven symptomatic and five asymptomatic infections with viral hepatitis, type a (102 cases) were identified in members, guests and employees of a private country club in an outbreak associated with consuming food and ice prepared or handled by an employee of the club's kitchen pantry. twenty-three symptomatic persons were tested by differential radioimmunoassay for immunoglobulin m (igm) (acute-phase) hepatitis a antibody (anti-hav) and all 23 were documented to be infected with hepatitis ... | 1980 | 6249120 |
| specific immunoglobulin m response to hepatitis a virus determined by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. | immunoglobulin m antibody to hepatitis a virus (igm anti-hav) is found in most patients with acute type a hepatitis. to determine the duration of this igm response as well as to confirm that igm anti-hav is a specific marker for acute infection, we developed a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for igm anti-hav. this new assay is 25-fold more sensitive than a conventional blocking radioimmunoassay for anti-hav, and interference due to rheumatoid factor was eliminated by simultaneously testing sera aga ... | 1980 | 6249750 |
| negative serology for hepatitis a and b viruses in 18 cases of neonatal cholestasis. | serologic evidence of hepatitis a virus (hav) or hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection was sought in 14 patients with biliary atresia and in four patients with neonatal hepatitis; maternal serum was also analyzed. specific sensitive radioimmunoassays were used to detect hbv surface antigen (hbsag) and antibody (anti-hbs); complement fixation was used to detect antibody to hbv core antigen (anti-hbc). antibody to hav (anti-hav) was assayed by radioimmunoassay, as well as by immune adherence hemagglut ... | 1980 | 6250125 |
| [the incidence of antibodies against hepatitis a virus in various age groups in the basle population 1978-79]. | in a study on the prevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) exposure among the basel population in 1978/79, 763 sera matched for age were tested for hav antibodies by radioimmunassay (havab). sera of patients with a recent history of liver disease were not included. the results show that the prevalence of hav antibodies increases with age, a situation similar to that in poliomyelitis before vaccination. the prevalence of hav antibodies rises from 15% in the 11-20 year age group to 90% in the over-71 ... | 1980 | 6252603 |
| [above-average synthesis of anti-hav by a booster effect after viral hepatitis a (author's transl)]. | above-average high antibody titres without repeat illness were obtained in 31 persons who, after having recovered from viral hepatitis a had renewed contact with the hepatitis-a virus. the titre was five to thirty-fold above the level usually observed after the initial infection. the time of second or third infection appears to be decisive for the level of the titre rise, which is probably a booster effect. | 1980 | 6253260 |
| coproantibodies in hepatitis a: detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immune electron microscopy. | a collection of 104-fecal specimens from 45 patients with hepatitis a, 14 patients with hepatitis b, 10 patients with non-a, non-b hepatitis, 6 patients with diseases other than hepatitis, and 18 healthy adults were studied for the presence of secretory immunoglobulin a and immunoglobulin m to hepatitis a virus by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immune electron microsopy. specific fecal antibody was found only in patients with hepatitis a. of 54 specimens from patients with hep ... | 1980 | 6253518 |
| hepatitis a and b: serologic survey of human and nonhuman primate sera. | sera of humans and seven species of nonhuman primates were tested by radioimmunoassay and enzyme immunoassay for the presence of hepatitis a antibody, hepatitis b surface antigen and antibody to hepatitis b surface antigen. the outcome of testing a total of 276 serum or plasma specimens was as follows: with the exception of squirrel monkeys (0%) and cotton-top marmosets (0%), a considerable percentage of all other species tested had detectable antibodies to hepatitis a virus: humans 45.9%, chimp ... | 1980 | 6253744 |
| [hepatitis a virus antibodies in preparations of normal immunoglobulin of polish production]. | 1980 | 6253962 | |
| seroepidemiology of viral hepatitis: correlation with clinical findings. | antibody to hepatitis a antigen (anti-ha) is detectable in the serum shortly after infection with hepatitis a virus. the presence of igm antibody indicates acute infection; igg signifies past infection. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) indicates infectiousness and is usually present when hepatitis b virus causes active liver disease; its antibody (anti-hbs) is neutralizing and confers immunity. antibody to core antigen (anti-hbc) is an index of hepatitis b viral replication when present in hi ... | 1980 | 6253973 |
| igm responses to hepatitis-a virus and hepatitis-b core antigen in acute and chronic liver disease in malawi; possible role of non-a, non-b, hepatitis. | of 33 patients with acute hepatitis in malawi, 21 had infection by hepatitis-b virus (hbv), five by hepatitis-a virus (hav) and seven, who had no markers of current hbv or hav infections, were probably infected by the agent(s) of non-a, non-b, hepatitis. 87 of 88 sera from persons without liver disease contained antibody to hav and 49 antibody to hepatitis-b surface antigen (anti-hbs) (six were positive for hepatitis-b surface antigen). the diagnosis of recent infection by hav was made by detect ... | 1980 | 6254219 |
| [antibody against hepatitis a virus--radioimmunological proof in convalescents and in immunoglobulins (author's transl)]. | 1980 | 6254657 | |
| absence of an association between past infection with hepatitis a virus and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. | serum samples from 77 caucasians of greek origin with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (phc) and 77 age- and sex-matched controls were tested for antibody to the hepatitis a virus (anti-hav). anti-hav was detected in 63 patients with phc (82%) and in 70 controls (91%). these data suggest that past infection with hepatitis a virus is not related to the development of phc, in marked contrast to the strong association between phc and hbv. | 1980 | 6254892 |
| iodination of hepatitis a virus reveals a fourth structural polypeptide. | hepatitis a virus present in the feces of two patients with naturally acquired hepatitis a was purified, radiolabeled with 125i, and analyzed by discontinuous sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. in addition to the three structural polypeptides previously reported, a fourth polypeptide with a molecular weight of 14,000 was detected and shown to be a component of hepatitis a virus by immune precipitation techniques. intact virions were also shown to sediment at 160s on sucro ... | 1980 | 6255196 |
| hepatitis a-virus in cell culture: i. propagation of different hepatitis a-virus isolates in a fetal rhesus monkey kidney cell line (frhk-4). | a fetal rhesus monkey kidney cell line (frhk-4) was infected with different hepatitis a-virus (hav) isolates gbg, gbm, gja. the time-dependent absorption of the hav isolates of fhrk-4 cells was measured. replication of all three isolates in these cells could be demonstrated intracellularly 8--10 weeks after infection, and release of hav into the supernatant some 10--15 weeks after infection could be shown. the specificity of the virus determination by ria from supernatants of hav-infected cells ... | 1980 | 6255301 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis virus infections in restaurant workers in taipei (author's transl)]. | hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and anti-hepatitis a virus antibody (antihav) in sera or saliva of restaurant workers in chung shan district, taipei, were tested by radioimmunoassay from october 1978 to march 1979. among the 2006 serum samples 387 (19.3%) were hbsag positive. while significant difference between male and female restaurant workers was observed, no age difference was noted. the workers originated from taiwan demonstrated the highest frequency of hepatitis b antigenemia (20.9%) ... | 1980 | 6256133 |
| evaluation of a finger-stick specimen collection method for seroepidemiology of antibody to hepatitis a virus. | a finger-stick swab method of collecting blood specimens was shown to compare favorably with the conventional venipuncture method in serological determinations of antibody to hepatitis a virus by radioimmunoassay. | 1981 | 6257754 |
| hepatitis a virus infections in voyvodina. | sera of 1000 persons in voyvodina were tested with radioimmunoassay for antibodies against hepatitis a virus (hav). the morbidity and age incidence of positive findings have been analysed and compared with relevant findings in other countries. below the age of 19 years the morbidity rates are higher (0.138 to 0.595 per mill) and the prevalences of seropositives are lower (17.1-64.0%) than the respective frequencies above that age (0.011 to 0.052 per mill and 85.7-98.7% respectively). below the f ... | 1981 | 6257777 |
| diagnosis of recent hepatitis a infection: a comparison of two methods for detecting specific igm. | radioimmunoassay (ria) tests for anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) igm were carried out on 728 sera: 283 were tested by both a method using an anti-mu serum bound to a solid phase and a method involving preliminary separation of igm by sucrose density gradient (sdg) centrifugation, 354 by the anti-mu method alone and two by the sdg method alone. similar proportions of sera were found to be positive by each method (42.5%, 41.7%), but equivocal results were commoner by the sdg method (4.7% compared wit ... | 1981 | 6257778 |
| epidemiological and serological study of hepatitis a virus outbreaks in france: a comparison between immunoadherence and radioimmunoassay. | an epidemiological study and the simultaneous evaluation of anti-hav antibody using radio immunoassay (ria) and immunoadherence hemagglutination assay (iaha) was performed during three hepatitis a epidemics in the tours area (france). fifty-seven sera from 35 subjects with viral hepatitis type a and 16 sera from nine children who did not develop any clinical signs of hepatitis were studied. the more explosive epidemic occurred in an institution for mentally retarded children (attack rate 68%). t ... | 1981 | 6257781 |
| patterns of shedding of hepatitis a virus antigen in feces and of antibody responses in patients with naturally acquired type a hepatitis. | serial stools and sera from 13 patients with hepatitis a were collected during an epidemic in 1978 in a rural village near hangzhou, china, and were studied to determine the patterns of shedding of hepatitis a antigen (haag) and of antibody response in some cases. of 44 stool specimens, 31 were haag-positive by a radioimmunoprecipitation-polyethylene glycol assay. the highest percentage of haag positivity was in stools collected one week before and one week after the peak elevation of serum glut ... | 1980 | 6257794 |
| use of igm-hepatitis a antibody testing. investigating a common-source, food borne outbreak. | an outbreak of hepatitis, type a, affecting 30 employees of a large metropolitan department store was investigated using traditional case findings, a food preference questionnaire, and case-control methods. in addition, the new serological tests for igm and igg antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) were employed to establish a serological diagnosis of hepatitis a infection, to define the control group, and to identify the index case, an asymptomatic food handler. twenty-five of 25 cases teste ... | 1981 | 6257940 |
| age-specific prevalence of hepatitis a virus antibody in thailand. | serum specimens drawn at random from three geographically defined populations of healthy thais were tested for antibody to the hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) by radioimmunoassay. a total of 746 specimens were tested. the age by which 50 per cent were antibody positive was 4-5 years for residents of an urban bangkok housing project, 8-9 years for rural villagers, and 10-11 years for urban bangkok government school pupils. overall, specimens from 97 per cent of thai adults 16 years of age or older w ... | 1981 | 6258428 |
| [prevalence of antibody to hepatitis a virus in healthy umbrian population (author's transl)]. | 1980 | 6258498 | |
| antibody to hepatitis a virus in liberians. | 1980 | 6259782 | |
| hepatitis a virus infection in taiwan. a hospital-based study. | one hundred and thirty-four healthy subjects and 220 patients with liver diseases were studied for antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) with radio-immunoassay. the frequency of anti-hav related closely to the age of healthy subjects; the rate of positivity increased with age, being 5.9% in those under four years, 13.3% in the late first decade and over 90% after the third decade. taking meals at stalls with poor sanitary standards is suspected to cause the prevailing infection in teenagers, ... | 1980 | 6259786 |
| [antibodies against hepatitis a virus in the healthy (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 6260360 | |
| propagation of human hepatitis a virus in african green monkey kidney cell culture: primary isolation and serial passage. | human hepatitis a virus (hav) was propagated in primary african green monkey (cercopithecus aethiops) kidney (agmk) cell cultures. three strains of hav were used: ms-1, sd-11, and hm-175. cells were inoculated with marmoset-passaged material or human clinical specimens and were stained by direct immunofluorescence to establish the identity of the virus. both clinical samples and marmoset-passaged material produced immunofluorescence. hav antigen was found scattered throughout the cytoplasm of in ... | 1981 | 6260685 |
| restricted replication of human hepatitis a virus in cell culture: intracellular biochemical studies. | when hepatitis a virus was inoculated into vero cells, virus-specified protein and rna synthesis was detected. production of viral protein was detected by electrophoretic analysis in polyacrylamide gels by using a double-label coelectrophoresis and subtraction method which eliminated the contribution of host protein components from the profiles of virus-infected cytoplasm. eleven virus-specified proteins were detected in the net electrophoretic profiles of hepatitis a virus-infected cells. the m ... | 1981 | 6260975 |
| evidence that the genome of hepatitis a virus consists of single-stranded rna. | nucleic acid was extracted from purified hepatitis a virus, radiolabeled with 125i, and shown to consist of single-stranded rna which sediments at 35s and contains sequences of polyadenylic acid. these findings are consistent with hepatitis a virus being a member of the genus enterovirus within the family picornaviridae. | 1981 | 6260995 |
| [non-a, non-b hepatitis: a new form of serum hepatitis]. | forty-seven patients with acute icteric form of "non-a-non-b" hepatitis which was diagnosed on the basis of clinico-epidemiological data, confirmed by the lack of hbsag in the blood serum of the patients tested by sensitive methods (ria, elisa), and by the lack of rise in antibody titers to hbsag and hepatitis a virus were observed. all the patients had undergone parenteral manipulations including blood transfusions in 34% of the cases. the incubation period was 66.9 +/- 7.07 days. "non-a, non-b ... | 1980 | 6261458 |
| [detection of hepatitis a virus by means of electron microscopy (author's transl)]. | during an outbreak of hepatitis a in an institution, 34 stools of children were investigated by means of electron microscopy. hepatitis a virus was found in four samples. all four children had previously received gammaglobulin injections and did not develop any clinical symptoms. | 1981 | 6261463 |
| hepatitis a virus infection: pathogenesis and serodiagnosis of acute disease. | the early development of immune electron microscopic (iem) methods for the detection of hav in acute-phase stool suspensions and antibody to hav (anti-hav) in serum made it possible to serologically identify cases of hepatitis a using paired acute and convalescent phase sera. introduction of less cumbersome and time-consuming serologic test methods, including complement fixation (cf) and immune adherence hemagglutination (iaha), made it feasible to rapidly assay larger numbers of specimens for h ... | 1980 | 6262342 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis a in amsterdam, october 1978--december 1979. | the epidemiology of hepatitis a was studied in amsterdam during a 15 month period from october 1978 through december 1979. 349 cases of viral hepatitis were reported of which 135 were serologically identified as hepatitis a. the diagnosis was established by testing a single acute-phase serum sample with elisa for the detection of hepatitis a igm antibodies. most cases were sporadic; there were no outbreaks involving more than three cases. a seasonal variation was recognized with the highest inci ... | 1980 | 6262343 |
| evidence of prior hepatitis b and hepatitis a virus infections in an ambulatory geriatric population. | ninety-five randomly selected patients attending an ambulatory geriatric medical clinic were tested for the presence in their sera of hepatitis b surface antigen and of antibody to hepatitis b and a viruses. such evidence of past hepatitis infection was correlated with current liver function and history of having received blood transfusions. the results showed that 94% of patients had antibody to hepatitis a virus, and 32% had antibody to hepatitis b virus. patients with abnormal liver function ... | 1981 | 6262400 |
| [sero-epidemiology of hepatitis a. results obtained in senegal (fleuve and casamance regions) (author's transl)]. | the sero-epidemiological study carried out in senegal consisting of 10 main points taken from two very different geographical areas--senegal river and lower casamance, based on the evidence of anticorps against the hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) showed that: 1) the speed of infection in very young children; 2) the large spread of this virus in rural african communities, accounted for by the living and hygiene conditions favours the spread to large numbers of people by way of mouth of the original ... | 1981 | 6262704 |
| isolation of hepatitis a virus in vitro in cell culture directly from human specimens. | 1981 | 6262835 | |
| propagation of human hepatitis a virus in cell lines of primary human hepatocellular carcinomas. | 1981 | 6262863 | |
| [an outbreak type a hepatitis in a family group living in a village near parma. epidemiologic evaluation and prophylaxis (author's transl)]. | the most recent data concerning the characteristics of hepatitis a virus, as well as epidemiology and prophylaxis of type a hepatitis are described. an epidemic of hepatitis a which occurred in a village near parma is analysed. the diagnosis was based on the detection, by radioimmunoassay, of specific antibody to hepatitis a antigen (anti-hav) at the beginning of the infection and during the convalescence. in addition the occurrence of high levels of specific immunoglobulins type m anti hav, dur ... | 1980 | 6263293 |
| hepatitis b virus, hepatitis a virus and persistently elevated aminotransferases in hemophiliacs. | to determine the exposure to hepatitis a and hepatitis b viruses (hav, hbv) following intravenous replacement therapy in patients with classic hemophilia and to assess the role of these viruses in persistently elevated aminotransferases, sera were studied from 136 patients from 9 months to 67 years of age were transfused with either single-donor cryoprecipitate (cryo) or antihemophilic factor concentrate (ahf) for periods ranging from a few months to 15 years. serologic evidence of past or prese ... | 1980 | 6264019 |
| hepatitis a antibody in israel defence forces recruits. | sera drawn from a sample of 1,147 military inductees, representative of the conscript population entering service in the israel defence forces (idf), in 1977, were examined by radioimmunoassay for hepatitis a virus (hav) antibody. the prevalence of hav antibody is considerably higher in males of eastern origin (84.4%) than of western origins (39.7%) and in females of eastern origin (79.9%) as compared with those of western origin (30.3%). the difference between males and females is not statistic ... | 1981 | 6264023 |
| characterization and classification of virus particles associated with hepatitis a. iii. structural proteins. | hepatitis a virus was purified from fecal samples collected at various times in the incubation period of patients with naturally acquired hepatitis a. the proteins of particles banding at around 1.34 g/ml in cscl and sedimenting at about 160s were radioiodinated in vitro and separated by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels in the presence of 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 8 m urea. under these conditions, the capsid proteins resolved into four polypeptides with molecular weights of approxima ... | 1981 | 6264098 |
| serodiagnosis of viral hepatitis a by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay specific for igm antibodies. | a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detecting specific igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus (hav) was developed and characterized. the test utilized microtiter plates coated with anti-igm to specifically absorb the igm antibodies from the test serum. the anti-hepatitis a igm antibodies are measured by the specific consecutive binding of hepatitis a antigen and radiolabelled anti-hepatitis a antibodies (anti-ha). in 6 chimpanzees infected with hav, igm anti-ha was detected from about the first date ... | 1981 | 6264589 |
| [the hepatitis a and b virus markers (anti-hav, hbsag, hbsab, hbeag, hbeab) in leprous patients (author's transl)]. | the hepatitis a and b virus markers (anti-hav, hbsag, hbsab, hbeag, hbeab) were studied in the serum of 25 patients at the leprosy hospital of messina. anti-hav were detected, by ria in 100% of the patients; by the same method hbsag was found in 12% and hbsab in 48% of the cases. in no patient hbeag was detected by immunodiffusion; on the contrary, hbsab was found in 4% of the cases. no significant difference between lepromatous and tuberculoid leprosy was found. | 1980 | 6264868 |
| cloning of hepatitis a virus genome. | hepatitis a virus (hav) was highly purified from faeces. the genomic rna was transcribed to cdna and this dna was then cloned into plasmid pbr 322 at the pst i site, and clones were selected in presence of tetracycline. most clones contained inserts which hybridized to hav-specific rna isolated from hav-infected cell cultures derived from a human hepatocellular carcinoma. two clones expressed low amounts of viral antigens. | 1981 | 6267095 |
| susceptibility of monkeys to human hepatitis a virus. | a stump-tailed monkey, newly caught and without antibody to hepatitis b virus (hav), was successfully infected with human hav. the following alterations were observed in the monkey's functions: (1) elevation in activities of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and its type 5 isoenzyme (electrophoretically the fastest moving); (2) development of antibody to hav; and (3) shedding of hav antigen in feces. the virus isolated from the monkey, designated the hangzhou a-1a strai ... | 1981 | 6267143 |
| the risk of nosocomial hepatitis a and b virus infections from patients under care without isolation precaution. | the risk of nosocomial viral hepatitis cross-infection was investigated in a prospective study of 248 adult patients hospitalized in the infectious diseases hospital of athens for acute viral hepatitis. they were followed-up clinically, biochemically, and serologically for 100 to 250 days after admission to the hospital. commercially available radioimmunoassays were used for the detection of the surface antigen of hbv (hbsag), its antibody (anti-hbs), and antibody to the core of the hbv (anti-hb ... | 1981 | 6267188 |
| viral hepatitis in southeast asian refugees. | five hundred sixty-four vietnam refugees were studied for past or present infection with hepatitis a and b virus (hav and hbv) by sensitive serological assays for hepatitis b surface and e-antigen and antibodies to hbsag, hbeag, hbcag, and hav. fifteen percent of the men and 6% of the women were hbsag-positive. of these 66% were also positive for hbeag. serum transaminase values did not effectively differentiate between the infectious hbeag carriers and the less infectious anti-hbe carriers. the ... | 1981 | 6267189 |
| serodiagnosis of type a hepatitis by detection of immunoglobulin m-type antibody to hepatitis a virus. | serum specimens from 12 patients with type a hepatitis were analyzed for immunoglobulin m-type antibody to hepatitis a virus (igm anti-ha). a recently developed solid-phase radioimmunoassay kit for igm anti-ha (havab-m, abbott laboratories) and a competitive binding radioimmunoassay kit (havab, abbott laboratories) with or without 2-mercaptoethanol treatment, as modified by yano et al. (acta hepatol. jpn. 21, 704-712, 1980) were used to obtain an m-index. all specimens obtained within 60 days of ... | 1981 | 6269362 |
| propagation of hepatitis a virus in human embryo fibroblasts. | human diploid fibroblasts and human primary liver cell carcinoma cells (plc/prf/5) were infected with hepatitis a virus (hav) adapted to growth in cell culture or derived directly from human stool. viral antigen was expressed in plc/prf/5 cells 28 days after infection with cell culture-adapted hav, and 50 days after infection with virus from human stool. in human fibroblasts the periods until first expression of viral antigen were 90 and 210 days, respectively. during further passages of hav in ... | 1981 | 6270280 |
| a "reverse" solid-phase radio-immuno-assay for igm-antibodies to hepatitis a virus. | a "reverse"solid-phase radio-immuno-assay for igm antibodies to hepatitis a virus (hav) was developed. anti-human igm immunoglobulins were bound on the wells of polyvinylchloride microtiter plates. serum specimens were incubated in the anti-human igm coated wells and bound igm antibodies were then assayed for antigen specificity by subsequent incubations with hav antigen and 125i-labelled human anti-hav igg. the test showed a high sensitivity and specificity for anti-hav igm antibodies. no false ... | 1981 | 6270954 |
| pathogenetic aspects of hepatitis a virus infection in enterally inoculated marmosets. | experimental hepatitis a virus (hav) infection was studied in marmosets after enteral (intragastric) inoculation with special reference to the primary sites of hav replication and immunopathology of the disease. the experiment was carried out using 28 saguinus mystax negative for antibody to hav (anti-hav) and with statistically uniform baseline values of serum isocitrate dehydrogenase (sicd) activity. each animal was infected with 1 ml of a 15% w/v stool suspension that was derived from marmose ... | 1981 | 6271006 |
| studies on the transmission of human hepatitis a virus to stump-tailed monkey. | the newly-caught stump-tailed monkeys (macaca speciosa) with negative antibody to hepatitis a were inoculated with human hepatitis a virus. the following findings were observed in the monkeys after inoculation: (i) the elevation of activities of the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme (ldh5), (ii) the seroconversion of antibody to hepatitis a virus. (iii) the shedding of hepatitis a antigen in feces. these findings show that the stump-tailed monkey (macac ... | 1981 | 6272388 |
| determination of immunoglobulin m antibodies against hepatitis b core antigen and hepatitis a virus by reorienting sucrose gradient high-speed centrifugation for diagnosis of acute viral-hepatitis. | immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies against hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc) and hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) were determined in 41 cases of acute viral hepatitis. in sera positive for anti-hbc or anti-hav, igm was separated from igg by reorienting sucrose gradient high-speed centrifugation, and the igg- and igm-containing serum fractions were tested for the presence of specific antibody by radioimmunoassay. at the onset of illness, 4 of the 41 cases were classified as hepatitis a, 31 were hepa ... | 1981 | 6273454 |
| [a preliminary study of hepatitis a virus in chinese tupaia (author's transl)]. | 1981 | 6274524 | |
| increased risk of infection with hepatitis a and b viruses in men with a history of syphilis: relation to sexual contacts. | serum samples from 269 men with at least one episode of syphilis were tested for the presence of markers of hepatitis a and b viruses. the patients were divided into three groups: 177 homosexual men, 35 heterosexual men, and 57 men with unknown sexual contacts. the incidence of hepatitis b surface antigen or its antibody (anti-hbs) was three times greater in the homosexual men (67%) than in the men with unknown sexual contacts (25%) and the heterosexual men (23%). the incidence of anti-hbs incre ... | 1982 | 6274966 |