Publications
Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
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[study on the hepatitis-b virus surface anti-antigen antibody using a radioimmunologic method in solid phase and using passive hemagglutination]. | 1975 | 1231840 | |
hbc and hbs antigen in hepatocytes. | the relationship between the electron microscopical structures and the immunofluorescent appearance of hb antigen found in the hepatocytes of patients with hb antigenemia was carefully studied, with the purpose to clarify the nature of those structures. the nuclei of hepatocytes, containing numerous virus-like particles, showed positive immunoflourescence by antiserum against the core of dane particles. the areas in which filamentous structures were observed in the cisternae of endoplasmic retic ... | 1975 | 1234097 |
hbs-ag, hbc-ag and virus-like particles in liver tissue. | hepatitis b surface antigen (hbs-ag) and hepatitis b core antigen (hbc-ag) in hepatic tissue of 3 cases with various liver diseases were investigated by immunofluorescent method. virus-like particles were demonstrated by electron microscopy in the nuclei of these 3 cases. the localization of hbs-ag was restricted in cytoplasma or on the surface of hepatocyte, while hbc-ag was almost in the hepatocytic nuclei. however, there was unexplainable discrepancy between the distribution of hbs-ag and tha ... | 1975 | 1234098 |
immunologic mechanisms in hepatitis b assayed by antigen-binding lymphocytes. | immune mechanisms in hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection were investigated in 16 persons with and without hepatitis using tests for hbs ag, anti-hbs, anti-hbc and 125i-labeled hbs ag binding lymphocytes (abl) in peripheral blood. anti-hbc, which is an evidence of a recent or current hbv infection, was detected in all hbs ag positive sera. high counts of abl correlated with the presence of anti-hbs in serum but not with anti-hbc or with hbs ag. in patients with chronic hepatitis, and in asymptomati ... | 1975 | 1235466 |
vertical transmission of the hepatitis b surface antigen. | vertical transmission implies transmission of the hepatitis b virus from mother to infant. this occurs with great frequency (70 to 100 per cent) when the mother has acute hepatitis b near delivery. studies indicate that transmission may occur transplacentally or during the birth process, once infected, the infants apparently remain hepatitis b surface antigen carriers with persistent hepatitis indefinitely; the rate of transmission of the hepatitis b surface antigen from asymptomatic carrier mot ... | 1975 | 1235469 |
natural history of viral hepatitis in greenland. | epidemiological data indicate that endemic hepatitis in greenland is immunologically different from hepatitis type a occurring in large epidemics. the endemic type is characterized by sporadicity, a high incidence in urban areas, and predominance of adult cases indicative of a hepatitis b virus (hbv) etiology. the distribution of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in the healthy population suggests the existence of a hyperendemicity of hbv in some rural areas showing few overt hepatitis cases b ... | 1975 | 1235471 |
hbc ag, anti-hbc, and dna polymerase activity in transfused recipients followed prospectively. | hepatitis b core antigen, antibody to core antigen, and dna polymerase activity were measured in sera from a select group of post-transfusion hepatitis b patients who had been followed prospectively following blood transfusion. preliminary results of this study have revealed (1) that ria testing of blood would not eliminate but would reduce post-transfusion hepatitis b infections by about 50 per cent; (2) that infection with hb virus is modified or aborted in the presence of pre-existing antibod ... | 1975 | 1235476 |
viral hepatitis type b: prospects for active immunization. | studies with heat-activated serum containing hepatitis b virus (ms2 strain) revealed 1) it was not infectious, 2) it was antigenic and 3) it was protectie. acitve immunization with this preparation was associated with the detection of antibody to the hepatitis b surface antigen (anti-hbs) and no detectable core antibody (anti-hbc). in addition, various investigators have prepared a synthetic hepatitis b peptide vaccine, these findings indicate that it should be feasible to develop an inactivated ... | 1975 | 1235480 |
[studies on the infection of hbv between mothers and children (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 1237651 | |
the epidemiology of hepatitis b antigen and antibody among panamanian cuna indians. | previous studies of hepatitis b antigen (hbsag) and antibody to it (anti-hbs) showed widely differing exposures between panamanian indian tribes. cuna indians living on islands appeared infrequently exposed to hbsag; we found no one antigenemic and low age specific anti-hbs rates. in contrast, mainland dwelling guaymi and chocó indians had a high prevalence of anti-hbs. we have now measured hbsag by counterelectrophoresis and anti-hbs by radioimmunoassay in two cuna indian groups who live in the ... | 1975 | 1238027 |
[mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis b virus. report of a case and review of the literature (author's transl)]. | 1975 | 1241657 | |
letter: virus-like particles in hbsag-positive-chronic aggressive hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. | 1976 | 1245280 | |
[autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis and chronic glomerulonephritis in children infected with hepatitis b virus]. | 1976 | 1246473 | |
[the recently detected systems of antigens and antibodies associated with hepatitis (author's transl)]. | 1976 | 1253218 | |
[detection of hbsag in cerebrospinal fluid by means of a radioimmunoassay technique (author's transl)]. | hbsag was demonstrated radioimmunologically in cerebrospinal fluid in 7 out of 11 seropositive children with acute viral hepatitis b (1/2), fulminant viral hepatitis (0/1), chronic active hepatitis (2/4), chronic persistent hepatitis (1/1), cirrhosis (1/1), and asymptomatic carrier status (2/2). counterelectrophoresis and complement fixation test lacked the necessary sensitivity to detect the antigen even in patients with high serum concentrations. the pass over of the cerebrospinal barrier appe ... | 1976 | 1254317 |
hepatitis b virus infection in the wiskott-aldrich syndrome. | testing of paired serum samples of 12 children with the wiskott-aldrich syndrome for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) antibody to hb, ag, and antibody to the hepatitis b core antigen revealed evidence of hepatitis b virus infection in three. none of the three, however, developed overt clinical hepatitis or the chronic hbsag carrier state. these data suggest that the immunologic defects seen in the wiskott-aldrich syndrome permit adequate immune responses to the hepatitis b vir ... | 1976 | 1255311 |
[prevention of hepatitis b]. | 1976 | 1256162 | |
hepatitis b virus and hepatitis b surface antigen in human albumin products. | a collection of 1,985 lots of normal serum albumin (nsa) and 1,361 lots of plasma protein fraction (ppf) prepared between 1958 and 1974 were tested for the presence of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). twenty-one percent of nsa lots and 71 per cent of ppf lots were hbsag-positive by radioimmunoassay. there was considerable variation in frequency of hbsag-positive lots among the 17 different manufacturers of nsa and the six manufacturers of ppf. in general, those lots prepared from volunteer ... | 1976 | 1258115 |
an outbreak of type b hepatitis associated with transfusion of plasma protein fraction. | an outbreak of type b hepatitis followed transfusion with a single lot of plasma protein fraction (ppf) at a 1200-bed hospital in june and july 1973. of 51 recipients of the product, 31 were available as a study population and 19 (61%) had an illness compatible with hepatitis. epidemiologic and serologic investigations provided firm evidence that this material was the vehicle for transmission of disease to its recipients. recipients of four other ppf lots from the same manufacturer were studied. ... | 1976 | 1258864 |
[prevention of hbs antigen-positive serum hepatitis with hyperimmune-globulin anti-hbs]. | selection of donors to prevent hbs-antigen positive serum hepatitis has been only partially successful. for this reason the attempt was made to prevent the disease by passive immunisation with anti-hbs antibodies. a prerequisite for the systematic use of such immunisation is the determination of antibody threshold which would still provide protection. plasma elimination of transmitted. hbs antibodies was serially measured in five children with terminal renal failure and ten normal subjects after ... | 1976 | 1261399 |
cellular immunity in type b viral hepatitis. | 1976 | 1263582 | |
lack of an autosomal recessive genetic influence in vertical transmission of hepatitis b antigen. | 1976 | 1264244 | |
[proceedings: hb-ag inviral hepatitis patients]. | 1976 | 1266176 | |
adsorption of hepatitis b surface antigen to matrix-boudn long chain hydrocarbon structures. | the binding of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) to various matrix bound long-chain hydrocarbon structures has been studied. it was found that hbsag was strongly bound to straight hydrocarbon chains with more than seven carbon atoms. the adsorbents can probably be used for removal and/or detection of hepatitis b infectious material. | 1976 | 1269645 |
hepatitis b antigen (hbsag) and/or antibodies (anti-hbs and anti-hbc) in fulminant hepatitis: pathogenic and prognostic significance. | hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) and antibodies to both the surface and core antigens of the hepatitis b virus (anti-hbs and anti-hbc) have been studied in 64 consecutive cases of fulminant hepatitis. hbsag was detected by counterelectrophoresis in 23 (35-9%) but by radioimmunoassay in 38 (59-3%). anti-hbs was detected by passive haemagglutination in 26 (40-6%), coexisting hbsag and anti-hbs were found in 16 cases (25%). using an indirect immunofluorescence technique, anti-hbc was found in al ... | 1976 | 1269974 |
editorial: hepatitis b. | 1976 | 1272221 | |
genetic mimicry by hepatitis b virus. | 1976 | 1272404 | |
hepatitis b in retreat from dialysis units in united kingdom in 1973. public health laboratory service survey. | a prospective study of hepatitis in over two-thirds of the dialysis units in the united kingdom has continued since 1968. after the introduction of a control and preventive programme in 1970 there was a sustained decline in the incidence of hepatitis b to the low level of 0-3% among patients and 0-1% among staff in 1973--a greater than tenfold decrease in four years. comparisons with data from other countries suggest that the almost complete elimination of hepatitis b from dialysis units in the ... | 1976 | 1276774 |
the interrelationship between hbv-markers and hiv antibodies in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. | to determine the interrelationship between hepatitis b viral markers (hbv), the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in hcc patients, a total of 282 subjects were included in the study. out of 282 subjects, 182 were hcc patients as determined by raised alpha-feto-protein (afp) of greater than 1,000 ng/ml. the other 100 control patients presented with other conditions and had detectable afp of less than 1,000 ng/ml in their sera. on presentation, 10 ml of venous ... | 1992 | 1279108 |
mutations of p53 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma: roles of hepatitis b virus and aflatoxin contamination in the diet. | mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene have been reported in 50% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) from china and south africa. these reports suggested an association of p53 mutations with high levels of aflatoxin in the diet. most studies of p53 and hcc, however, have not fully evaluated the possible role of the hepatitis b virus (hbv). aflatoxin is a substance produced by food mold that is known to cause hcc in experimental animals. | 1992 | 1279184 |
[interferon therapy of chronic hepatitis]. | the current state of interferon (ifn) therapy for chronic hepatitis b and c in japan is reviewed. the administration of ifn results in induction of 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase (2-5as). 2-5as produces 2-5a capable of activating a latent rnaase that degrades viral rna. in patient with chronic hepatitis b, prominent reduction of hbv dna, hbe antigen and hbs antigens is observed, when ifn is administered. however, the replication of hbv starts again after stopping of ifn administration, because ... | 1992 | 1279242 |
determination of the minimal length of pres1 epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody which inhibits attachment of hepatitis b virus to hepatocytes. | the minimal amino acid sequence sufficient to be recognized efficiently by virus-attachment inhibiting murine monoclonal anti-pres1 antibody ma18/7 has been determined. we have constructed a recombinant gene library using the cloned coat protein gene of escherichia coli rna bacteriophage fr as a carrier. different fragments of pres1 region from cloned hepatitis b virus (hbv) genomes, subtype ayw and adw, were inserted at position 2 of the 129 amino acid-long fr coat protein gene in the appropria ... | 1992 | 1279369 |
hepatitis c virus seroprevalence in the developmentally disabled. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is the principal cause of nonenteric non-a, non-b hepatitis worldwide. while it has been well documented that people with developmental disabilities are at an increased risk for infections with hepatitis b virus, little is known of the prevalence of hcv infection among this population. | 1992 | 1280075 |
occurrence of oval-type cells in hepatitis b virus-associated human hepatocarcinogenesis. | proliferation of a new population of epithelial cells with distinct structure, as well as cytokeratin and alpha-fetoprotein expression, was observed in nonneoplastic liver tissues from 14 cases (13 hepatitis b virus-positive) of human hepatocellular carcinoma. these cells were characterized by oval nuclei; scant, pale cytoplasm; small cell size; and cross-reaction with a monoclonal antibody against rat oval cells. these putative human oval cells were strongly positive for cytokeratin 19 and disp ... | 1992 | 1280243 |
hepatitis b virus, alpha-fetoprotein synthesis, and hepatocellular carcinoma in zaire. | we investigated the epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) in zaire, and evaluated the association between exposure to hepatitis b virus (hbv) and the development of hcc. two hundred and twenty-three consecutive cases of hcc diagnosed over 19 years (1966-1985) were reviewed. hcc represented 8.32% of all carcinomas and 5.56% of all cancers. frequency was higher in males (75.7%) than in females (24.3%); a sex ratio of 3/1. the majority (82.1%) of patients were aged 14 to 55 years with a pe ... | 1992 | 1280314 |
pres antigen expression and anti-pres response in hepatitis b virus infections: relationship to serum hbv-dna, intrahepatic hbcag, liver damage and specific t-cell response. | the diagnostic value of pres antigens and anti-pres antibodies during hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections have not yet been clearly elucidated. therefore, the objectives of this study were: 1) to better understand the clinical significance of the expression of both pres1 and pres2 antigens (pres1ag and pres2ag) in the serum of chronic hbsag carriers, and 2) to define the respective role of antibody responses to hbs-, pres2- and pres1-specific determinants in the course of acute hepatitis b (ah-b) ... | 1992 | 1280500 |
properties of a recombinant yeast-derived hepatitis b surface antigen containing s, pres2 and pres1 antigenic domains. | yeast cells have been engineered to express mixed hbsag particles containing the s and a modified large (l*) protein. their construction resulted in reduced protease sensitivity, reduced glycosylation and complete inactivation of the polymerized human albumin binding site. the particles exposed the s, pres1 and pres2 antigenic determinants and induced an immune response against the three domains. highly purified preparations have been obtained and are presently being tested in human volunteers. | 1992 | 1280502 |
fine specificity of the human t cell response to hepatitis b virus core antigen. | the fine specificity of the human t cell response to the hepatitis b virus core antigen (hbcag) was investigated in 23 patients with acute hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection using a panel of short synthetic peptides covering the entire core region. an immunodominant t cell epitope which was recognized by all except one patient, was identified within the core sequence 50-69. two further important t cell recognition sites were represented by the amino acid sequences 1-20 and 117-131, which were sti ... | 1992 | 1280506 |
prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in austria. | in 12 of 54 (22%) patients with histologically verified hepatocellular carcinoma, antibodies to hepatitis c virus were found. in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma the frequency of anti-hepatitis c virus positivity was similar whether cirrhosis (6 of 22 patients (27%)) was present or not (2 of 15 (13%)). out of 54, 23 patients (43%) were negative both for hepatitis b or c markers. out of 53, 22 (42%) had positive hepatitis b markers, 8 of 22 were hbsag positive. patients with hepatocellular ... | 1992 | 1280509 |
interferon treatment for hepatitis b-associated membranous glomerulonephritis in two chinese children. | two chinese boys, aged 3.5 and 5 years, developed nephrotic syndrome and were chronic carriers of hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) and hepatitis b virus e antigen (hbeag). renal biopsy showed membranous glomerulonephritis and liver biopsy showed chronic persistent hepatitis. they were given interferon-alpha-2a at a dose of 5 mu/m2 on alternate days for 12 and 16 weeks after 2 years of persistent nephrotic syndrome. patient 1 showed complete remission and resolution of hepatosplenomegaly ... | 1992 | 1280987 |
loss of the common "a" determinant of hepatitis b surface antigen by a vaccine-induced escape mutant. | a previous study (carman, w. f., a. r. zanetti, p. karayiannis, j. a. waters, g. manzillo, e. tanzi, a. j. zuckerman, and h. c. thomas. 1990. lancet. 336:325-329) demonstrated a variant hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in a vaccinated child born to a hepatitis b virus-infected mother. a substitution of arginine for glycine at amino acid 145 in hbsag was observed. in this study the effect of this substitution on the common "a" determinant of this protein, against which protective immunity is d ... | 1992 | 1281839 |
duck hepatitis b virus polymerase produced by in vitro transcription and translation possesses dna polymerase and reverse transcriptase activities. | activities of the hepadnavirus polymerases are known to include those of dna polymerase, reverse transcriptase and rnase h. to date, it has been difficult or impossible to clone and express the product as an active enzyme. in this study, full length capped rna encoding duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv) polymerase was produced by in vitro transcription from a t7 promoter. the rna was translated in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system and produced an 35s-methionine labelled 79 kd band on sds-polyacryla ... | 1992 | 1281990 |
tattooing as a risk of hepatitis c virus infection. | the association of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection and tattooing was studied in 87 tattooed and 126 tattoo free healthy young men who did not engage in intravenous drug use or multiple sexual activity. antibody against hcv (anti-hcv) was tested in serum specimens by enzyme immunoassay with c100-3, ns3, and core antigens; 11 of the 87 (12.6%) tattooed and 3 of the 126 (2.4%) tattoo free subjects were positive for anti-hcv (odds ratio = 5.9, 95% ci = 1.6-22.0). a relationship was demonstrated by ... | 1992 | 1282147 |
on the early emergence of reverse transcription: theoretical basis and experimental evidence. | reverse transcriptase (rt) was first discovered as an essential catalyst in the biological cycle of retroviruses. however, in the past years evidence has accumulated showing that rts are involved in a surprisingly large number of rna-mediated transpositional events that include both viral and nonviral genetic entities. although it is probable that some rt-bearing genetic elements like the different types of aids viruses and the mammalian line family have arisen in recent geological times, the po ... | 1992 | 1282161 |
prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in patients with various types of liver diseases. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) is known to be a major cause of non-a, non-b hepatitis (nanbh) and is thought to be an important causative agent of serious liver disease. recently the role of hcv in the development of various liver disease is suggested. | 1992 | 1282365 |
[uses of duck hepatitis b virus polymerase and reverse transcriptase in the evaluation of anti-hepatitis b virus drugs]. | the method of dhbv replication complexes (rcs) purification was modified. in order to screen anti-hbv drugs from chinese medicinal herbs, the inhibitory effects of the extracts of 14 chinese recipes and herbs, 30 compounds isolated from chinese herbs on dhbv dna polymerase (dnap) and reverse transcriptase (rt) have been studied. the results showed that extracts of xiao chai hu tang (small bupleurum decoction) inhibited dhbv dnap and rt in less extent. of the 7 herbs, the components of xiao chai ... | 1992 | 1282399 |
[detection of serum antibody against hepatitis c virus in patients with hepatitis and liver diseases]. | antibody against hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) was tested in 658 cases of hepatitis and liver diseases with elisa, ninety of these cases were positive, with a total infection rate of 13.68% (90/658). the positive rate of anti-hcv was highest in patients with chronic severe hepatitis (33.78%) and cah accompanied by cirrhosis of liver(31.58%). the infection rate in other types of hepatic diseases in order of frequency was as follows: fulminant hepatitis (18.18%), cah without cirrhosis (15.13%), sub ... | 1992 | 1282451 |
[peptides from the principal neutralizing and cd4-binding domain: similar immunoreactive properties and structure pattern]. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) proteins gp120 and gp41 are the principal immune target in hiv infection. one of the most important trends in the study of aids is linked to the mapping of sites involving in the binding to the cell receptor cd4 and in the induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies (vna). recent studies have revealed that gp120 as the major domain contains inducing type-specific bna (pnd) and a binding region with cd4 (cd4-br). pnd is located in the hypervariable loop of gp ... | 1992 | 1283721 |
[persistent viruses in serological diagnosis of hiv infection]. | specific antibodies to persistent viruses (cmv, ebv, hbv) were detected by elisa in groups of hiv-infected patients and persons showing indefinite results of the immunoblotting test for hiv-1 antigens, on the one hand, and in hiv-seronegative donors and patients with clinical manifestations of viral infection (cmvi) on the other. the findings indicate that the persons with indefinite immunoblotting test results show elevated blood cmv and hbv antigen levels than in the matched group of seronegat ... | 1992 | 1283724 |
sero-surveillance of transmissible hepatitis b & c viruses in asymptomatic hiv infection in haemophilics. | in a group of 37 haemophilics, 9 (24.3%) were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), while 9 (24.3%) and 10 (27%) were positive for hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) respectively. haemophilics who were hiv seropositive had higher prevalence of hbv and hcv. seropositivity for hiv was more in patients with severe haemophilia a who required frequent factor viii replacement. the need for long term surveillance of voluntary blood donors for transfusion associated virus ... | 1992 | 1283980 |
anti-hepatitis c virus antibodies amongst italian homo-bisexual males. | the authors report on an anti-hepatitis c virus antibody (hcv ab) prevalence (6.9%) in 622 homo-bisexual males from northern italy, voluntarily attending an hiv and stds screening program in the period 1984-89. the anti-hcv antibody prevalence shows a significant correlation with: i) presence of serological markers for hbv (o.r. = 3.12, 95% c.i. = 1.53-6.52) and hiv (o.r. = 12.09; c.i. = 6.52-22.52) infection; ii) a stable relationship with an anti-hcv antibody positive partner (o.r. = 7.79; 95% ... | 1992 | 1284116 |
[the inhibitory effects of catechin derivatives on the activities of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and dna polymerases]. | catechin derivatives including (-)-epicatechin gallate (ecg), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg), (-)-epigallocatechin (egc) and green tea extract (gte) were found to inhibit the activities of cloned human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (hiv-1 rt), duck hepatitis b virus replication complexes reverse transcriptase (dhbv rcs rt), herpes simplex virus 1 dna polymerase (hsv-1 dnap) and cow thymus dna polymerase alpha (ct dnap alpha). egcg and ecg were shown to be very potent i ... | 1992 | 1284389 |
synthesis of 23 k acute-phase protein by hbv genome carrying plc/prf/5 human hepatoma cells. | elevated synthesis of 23 k protein by human hepatoma plc/prf/5 cells was observed after their treatment with conditioned medium from concanavalin a stimulated peripheral-blood monocytes. increased amount of this protein was first determined 4 hr after the treatment and its maximal level was reached 48 hr later. the role of the 23 k protein remains so far unknown. | 1992 | 1284869 |
[an etiological study on fulminant viral hepatitis]. | viral markers were studied in 79 cases of viral hepatitis with hepatic failure. the results were shown as follows: 8 cases were positive for anti-hav igm (10.12%); 76 cases positive for hbsag or anti-hbc igm (96.20%) and 41 cases positive for anti-hcv antibodies (51.89%). among those with anti-hcv positive, 35 cases were co-infected with hbv, 5 cases with hav and/or hcv, only one was infected with hcv alone 2 cases were hd-ag positive (2.52%) and one not identified (1.27%). with the reference of ... | 1992 | 1284878 |
exposure to hepatitis b virus: guidance on post-exposure prophylaxis. phls hepatitis subcommittee. | this paper summarises the views of the phls hepatitis subcommittee on prophylaxis after exposure to known and potential sources of hepatitis b virus (hbv) at work and in the community, and expands on the guidance on hepatitis b immunisation and the prevention of occupational exposure to blood given elsewhere. it defines significant exposure and gives guidance on incident recording, risk assessment, testing and storage of incident-related blood specimens and follow-up. it recommends that hbv prop ... | 1992 | 1284942 |
hazardous incidents and immunity to hepatitis b. | in the period march 1989 to october 1990, leeds public health laboratory received reports of 2975 needlestick and similar incidents involving national health service staff where there was a risk of transmission of hepatitis b virus. despite an active immunisation programme in the hospitals where staff worked, 50% of those involved showed no evidence of immunity. in reviewing their immunisation programmes, health authorities should take account of those groups of staff who are at risk of exposure ... | 1992 | 1285096 |
antibodies to non-structural hepatitis c virus antigens: a link with liver disease activity? | the aim of our study was to evaluate the aetiopathogenetic role of hepatitis c virus (hcv) in the genesis of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma and the relationship between presence of circulating antibodies against non-structural hcv antigens and disease activity. | 1992 | 1285245 |
prevention of perinatal transmission of hepatitis b virus carrier state. | by means of passive and active immunization with hepatitis b immunoglobulin and hepatitis b vaccine, 396 of 407 babies born to hepatitis b antigen-positive carrier mothers, were protected from establishing the hepatitis b virus (hbv) carrier state during a follow-up period of 12 months or longer. four infants developed the hbv carrier state before the completion of the immunoprophylaxis schedule, and another seven developed the state after the completion of the schedule. seroconversion of anti-h ... | 1992 | 1285514 |
[collection of anti-hbs hyperimmune plasma: stimulation by genhevac b in weakly immunized donors]. | the need for anti hbs globulin is still important in spite of the development of the hbs vaccination. twenty-two plasma donors, immunized against hepatitis b virus (hbv) with titers of anti hbs between 100 and 6,000 milli international units per ml (mui/ml), received two injections of genhevac b pasteur at a one-month interval, and a third injection two months later whenever the answer was still under 6,000 mui/ml, which is the minimum necessary in order to obtain a specific globulin compatible ... | 1992 | 1285811 |
a pilot study of steroid withdrawal followed by oral acyclovir in the treatment of chronic type b hepatitis. | ten patients with chronic type b hepatitis were treated for four weeks with a rapidly tapered dose of oral prednisone (initial dose, 40 mg/d) followed by two weeks of no therapy followed by four weeks of oral acyclovir (600 mg/d). liver biochemistry, hbsag, hbeag, dna-polymerase and hbv-dna levels in serum were determined prior to, during and for six months following therapy. the mean age +/- sd of the study population was 33 +/- 15 years (range 18-58). nine of the patients were male. four patie ... | 1992 | 1286532 |
[tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 6 in hepatitis c virus infection]. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf) was determined with elisa in 72 patients with hepatitis c and hepatitis b virus infections. interleukin 6 (il-6) was determined at the same time. tnf and il-6 were significantly increased in patients with hepatitis c virus infections when compared with normal subjects and hepatitis b patients. there was a significant positive correlation between tnf and il-6. it is suggested that increased tnf and il-6 may play an important role in pathogenesis of hepatitis c virus in ... | 1992 | 1286584 |
epidemiology and long-term consequences of hepatitis delta virus infection in the yucpa indians of venezuela. | to define better the epidemiology and clinical impact of hepatitis delta virus (hdv) infection among hepatitis b virus (hbv) carriers in less developed countries, the authors prospectively studied a cohort of 216 yucpa indian hbv carriers in venezuela. hbv carriers were followed regularly between 1983 and 1988 by physical examination, laboratory testing for liver enzymes and hbv and hdv markers, and epidemiologic history. among the cohort, 74 (34%) were initially positive for hdv infection, and ... | 1992 | 1288280 |
[unconventional culture of the human hepatitis b virus (hbv)]. | the investigation of the key stages of the hbv vital cycle was realised recently through an unconventional cultivation technique, using transfection with an adequate dna, cloned in plasmids. transfections was achieved in cell lines, differentiated or not. the results showed that expression of some of the hbv genes is under the control of hepatospecific factors. | 1992 | 1288633 |
the evolution of hepatitis b virus infection in children with symptomatic aids. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers were determined in 80 children under 5 years of age with hiv symptomatic infection. because of high carrier rate of hepatitis b virus in romania we investigated as control a group of age matched 36 hiv negative children offsprings of hbsag carrier mothers. serological and epidemiological investigations in families of hiv infected children support horizontal nosocomial and not vertical transmission for hiv in contrast with hbv whose perinatal transmission can not b ... | 1992 | 1288642 |
[problems associated with the development of vaccines based on recombinant vaccinia virus]. | a collection of single and double vaccinia virus recombinants was prepared. the recombinants contained either genes for different forms of surface protein or core protein of hbv or the gene for glycoprotein i of varicella-zoster virus. cells infected with the recombinants produced the respective foreign antigens. specific antibodies against the heterologous antigens were induced in mice immunized with the recombinants. the insertion of the second foreign gene into the genome of single recombinan ... | 1992 | 1288884 |
[affinity of antibody anti-hbs in patients after asymptomatic or symptomatic infection with hepatitis b virus and in individuals vaccinated against this virus]. | 1992 | 1293562 | |
low risk of mother to infant transmission of hepatitis b virus in guipúzcoa (basque country, northern spain). | the prevalence of hbsag carriers in 18,196 pregnant women (64% of women who gave birth in guipúzcoa in 1986-1991) was 0.61% (0.43% for the last two years of the study). three of the carriers were also hbeag/hbv-dna positive and two were anti-hdv positive. anti-hbc prevalence was 6.5% in 602 20-40 year old women and 1.6% in 428 girls 10-11 years old (0.47% of gypsy ethnic subjects are not included). | 1992 | 1294397 |
identification and characterization of mutations in 'x' region of a hepatitis b virus carrier. | a defective form of hepatitis b virus (hbv) was identified in an apparently healthy voluntary blood donor, who was positive for the presence of hbv by dot blot hybridization, but did not have any serological markers of hbv infection. two regions, part of x and part of surface antigen genes, were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, cloned and sequenced by sanger's dideoxy chain termination method. the base sequence analysis revealed that the hbv mutant belonged to ayw serotype and showed thre ... | 1992 | 1294468 |
delta virus infection in egypt. | the present study was carried out on 124 serum samples of acute hepatitis b, 51 with chronic hbv infection, and 41 chronic hbsag carriers. sera were tested by elisa for hbv markers and anti-delta (anti-hdv). delta infection (anti-hdv) in acute hb was found to be 16.9% (21 out of 124), 23.5% in chronic hb cases (12 out of 51), and 21.9% among chronic hbsag carriers (9 out of 41). out of the twelve delta positive in chronic hb patients, ten (83%) were suffering from cah (chronic active hepatitis) ... | 1992 | 1295943 |
non-a, non-b viral hepatitis in egypt. | a study was carried out on 200 patients of ages 20-40 years suffering from acute viral hepatitis. sera were tested for markers of hepatitis b (hbsag, and igm anti-hbc) and hepatitis a (igm-anti-hav) by the elisa technique. sera negative for the markers of both viruses: hepatitis a (hav) and hepatitis b (hbv) were subsequently tested for igm heterophil antibodies against epstein-barr virus (ebv) by the monospot slide test to diagnose acute infectious mononucleosis and tested for anti-cmv (igm) by ... | 1992 | 1295944 |
evidence of a 1985-1987 outbreak of acute and chronic hepatitis in egypt caused by a mutant hepatitis-b virus detected by spot-dna hybridization test. | sera from 65 acute and 113 chronic sporadic hepatitis were screened for serological markers of hepatitis-b virus (hbv) and hepatitis delta virus (hdv) and for hbv-dna. the enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (elisa) and dot-dna hybridization tests were used. two hbv-dna probes and their labelling systems (biotin, radiolabelling with 32p and digoxigenin) were compared for sensitivity and specificity. the 65 acute sera had serological parameters of hbv infection in 38 (58%) when all these sera were ... | 1992 | 1295945 |
the incidence of hepatitis delta virus infection in chronic liver diseases in hungary. | a study of hepatitis b and d virus markers in 118 hepatitis b virus seropositive patients suffering from histologically confirmed chronic liver disease is reported. the prevalence of hepatitis delta infection amounted to 13.6%, whereas active hepatitis delta virus replication was proven in 6 of the cases. on the basis of these findings, conclusions--similar to those published earlier--are drawn about the role of hepatitis delta virus in the progression of chronic liver diseases. it is suggested ... | 1992 | 1296180 |
the significance of detailed hepatitis b virus serology in chronic liver diseases. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers were studied with sorin ria kits in serum samples from 390 patients suffering from histologically confirmed chronic liver disease. on the basis of negative hbsag, anti-hbs, anti-hbc tests, hbv infection was excluded in 235 of the cases. the diagnosis was fatty liver and/or alcoholic hepatitis in 52%, while chronic active hepatitis and/or liver cirrhosis only in 21.7%. part or present hbv infection was proven in 155. in 53% of these cases the diagnosis was chronic ... | 1992 | 1296181 |
the host immune response may be responsible for selection of envelope and precore/core variants of hbv. | the appearance of replication-competent variants of hbv with mutations in the envelope and precore/core proteins emphasizes that these proteins are the focus of immune selection pressure in the human host. the sequence and speed of application of the multiple selection pressures (humoral and possibly cellular) will determine the virological and clinical outcome. when these variant viruses are passed to a new host, in the absence of the immune selection pressures or modified immune pressures whic ... | 1992 | 1296232 |
[results of liver examination in drug addicts infected with hiv virus]. | investigations included 52 drug-addicts with asymptomatic hiv virus infection. 8 of them suffered some years ago, from virus hepatitis of type b. physical examinations did not reveal in examined persons any deviations from normal condition except for hepatomegaly. results of liver biochemical investigations remained within normal limits. in each of them one confirmed presence of serological markers of hbv infection and in 35 of them of hcv and in 5 of them in parallel hdv. in all the examined pe ... | 1992 | 1296240 |
markers of hepatitis b infection in tari district, southern highlands province, papua new guinea. | serum samples collected from two groups in the tari district of southern highlands province were assayed for markers of hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. 85% of women of childbearing age were found to have markers of hbv infection; 37% were positive for hbv surface antigen (hbsag), indicative of the chronic carrier state, and 6.6% were positive for hbv e antigen (hbeag), indicating the presence of actively replicating virus. 75% of women negative for hbsag were positive for antibody to hbv core ... | 1992 | 1296422 |
hepatitis c virus infection in blood donors in egypt. | a study was carried out on 90 serum samples from non-professional blood donors to find out the relative prevalence of hbv and hcv among those blood donors. results demonstrated overall positivity rate of 14.4% for anti-hcv by riba test. the percentage of reactive sera was 6% for the age group of 20 to below 30 years, and 37.5% in those aged above 30 years, and this difference was statistically significant. considering the combined reactivity of the tested 90 sera for anti-hbs and anti-hcv, the r ... | 1992 | 1296960 |
new developments in hepatitis c. | since the detection of hepatitis b virus (hbv) in the 1960s and hepatitis a virus in the 1970s, a considerable proportion of infections of (probably viral) hepatitis could not be classified. about 90% of transfusion-related hepatitis was identified as non-a/non-b. in 1988 investigators from the chiron company (usa) detected the non-a, non-b agent and named it hepatitis c virus (hcv). an anti-hcv antibody assay (elisa) and subsequently confirmation tests (immunoblot and polymerase chain reaction) ... | 1992 | 1298054 |
hepatitis b virus-related markers in secondary and in essential mixed cryoglobulinemias: a multicentric study of 596 cases. the italian group for the study of cryoglobulinemias (gisc). | the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hbv-related markers in cryoglobulinemias and the possible association between hepatitis b virus (hbv) and essential mixed cryoglobulinemia (emc). a retrospective survey of the prevalence of hbv infection in cryoglobulinemic patients was carried out in 596 cases of cryoglobulinemia. on the basis of clinical and laboratory criteria the cases were grouped as secondary to connective tissue disease, to lymphoproliferative disorders, to chronic liv ... | 1992 | 1298331 |
[monitoring of maternal-fetal hepatitis b virus transmission by molecular hybridization technique]. | maternal venous blood (mb), umbilical blood (ub) and placental tissue (pt) were collected from 40 hbsag positive mothers and their neonates, and also blood from 17 babies aged 3-6 months old of this group (bb). all samples were determined for hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna by molecular hybridization technique using bio-hbv dna probe. the results showed: hbv dna positive rate of mb was 35.0%, 47.5% for ub, 75.0% for pt and 29.4% for bb. 32 p-hbv dna probe was also used to examine mb and pt. the posi ... | 1992 | 1298583 |
[prevention of hepatitis b infection in the neonatal care section of the biella hospital during a 5-year period from 1986 to 1991. results and conclusions]. | the paper reports the passive and/or active prophylaxis against hepatitis b virus infection carried out in the neonatal section of biella hospital during the 5-year period 1986-1991. all neonates and non-neonatal subjects at risk of vertical and/or horizontal contagion were vaccinated. the aim of this study was to compare the levels of compliance in relation to serum controls during pregnancy, acceptance of vaccination, percentages of seroconversion and collateral effects. in conclusion, the aut ... | 1992 | 1300469 |
[the effect of long-term hepatitis b virus carriage on the late treatment results in stage iii breast cancer patients]. | 1992 | 1300729 | |
[the effect of an infection due to the hepatitis b virus on the treatment results in breast cancer patients with bone metastases]. | the study deals with the influence of persistent hepatitis b virus infection on immediate and end results of chemotherapy for breast cancer with bony metastases. the infection was shown to be associated with lower complete and partial remission rates, lower 3-year survival rate and higher rate of combination chemotherapy toxic effects such as nausea, vomiting and increased activity of aminotransferases. | 1992 | 1300739 |
[seroepidemiological study of hepatitis b virus x antigen (hbxag) and anti-hbx antibodies in patients with hepatitis b]. | a total of 437 patients with hepatitis b were tested for serum hbxag and anti-hbx in a seroepidemiological study. it was shown that the hbxag positivity rate was 3.66% (16/437), the anti-hbx positivity rate was 2.97% (13/437). hbxag was most frequently present in hbsag, hbeag, and anti-hbc positive, but anti-hbe negative sera. anti-hbx was most frequently present in hbeag and anti-hbc positive, but hbsag and anti-hbe negative sera. both the presence of hbxag and anti-hbx antibodies showed no sig ... | 1992 | 1301263 |
[immunogenicity of a recombinant vaccine against viral hepatitis b]. | the introduction in italy of recombinant dna hepatitis b vaccines has allowed to plan out a very important programme of vaccination; in italy the compulsory vaccination against hepatitis b virus begun from 1991. because of the reduction of vaccine cost, the screening for serum markers of hbv infection is needless. on the contrary, the test of antihbs titres after the vaccination is important in order to take into account a booster vaccine dose and to carry out revaccination strategies. in this s ... | 1992 | 1303051 |
[an investigation on hepatitis b infection in the women with sexual abuse]. | a serological investigation on hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection in women with sexual abuse was made in mainland china. in such women, the hbv infection rate and the positivity rate of hbsag were higher than those in normal healthy conditions. it was suggested that sexual abuse was a important factor for hbv infection and the women with sexual abuse were one of the most dangerous sources of the hbv infection. the results of investigation also showed that in women with sexual abuse, hbv infection ... | 1992 | 1303311 |
[the possible role of sperm in family hbv infection]. | the paper investigated hbv infectious markers in the sperm and spermatozoa of 31 male patients with hepatitis b, in the serum of their 31 spouses and 35 children respectively. hbv markers were found in 12 sperm samples, hbv-dna was detected in 6 samples of spermatozoa (3 integrated forms and 3 free forms). the samples were hybridized repeatedly with probes of 82p labeled hbv-dna 82p labeled lambda dna and 82p labeled pbr822 to exclude false-positive possibility. 8 out of 12 wives (66.67%), were ... | 1992 | 1303312 |
[evaluation of long-term efficacy on plasma-derived hepatitis b vaccine]. | from april 1986 to may 1990, 265 pupils aged 5 to 9 years in xian suburbs were studied to evaluate long-term efficacy of plasma-derived hepatitis b vaccine made in china. anti-hbs titers in vaccine group reached the highest at twelfth month after the first injection and decreased afterwards. the positive rate of anti-hbs decreased slow, but geometric mean titers of anti-hbs fell sharply. compared with placebo group, the differences were all significant. the peak anti-hbs titers and the response ... | 1992 | 1303319 |
detection of hepatitis b virus dna in donor blood by the polymerase chain reaction. | blood collected from voluntary donors at local blood banks and blood donation camps was screened for the hepatitis b virus genome using the polymerase chain reaction and for viral markers by standard serological techniques. the sensitivities of the two screening strategies were compared. | 1992 | 1304259 |
hepatitis b virus dna in pcr. | 1992 | 1304309 | |
in situ hybridisation: principles and applications. | in situ hybridisation (ish) is based on the complementary pairing of labelled dna or rna probes with normal or abnormal nucleic acid sequences in intact chromosomes, cells or tissue sections. compared with other molecular biology techniques applicable to anatomical pathology, ish enjoys better rapport with histopathologists because of its similarity to immunohistochemistry. it has the unique advantage over other molecular biology techniques--largely based on probe hybridisation with nucleic acid ... | 1992 | 1304627 |
[hepatitis b virus dna in the serum of anti-hbs positive persons]. | in order to investigate the significance of hbv dna in the serum of anti-hbs positive persons, the serum of 76 anti-hbs positive persons was studied for hbv dna by means of polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the results showed that 21 (32.2%) out of 65 cases without hepatitis b vaccination were positive for hbv dna detected with pcr (pcr-hbv dna), but no one was positive for pcr-hbv dna in 11 cases inoculated against hepatitis b. it was also found that 6 cases were positive for hbsag-ab immunocomp ... | 1992 | 1306457 |
perinatal prevalence of b hepatitis markers. | the present investigation describes the prevalence of markers detected in immunoenzymatic methods, for infection by the hepatitis b virus in sera of mothers and newborn umbilical cord blood in merida, venezuela. the sample population was composed of 500 mothers who attended the obstetrics department, university hospital of los andes, for their delivery between may and october 1990. the global prevalence figure of 11.8% showed a balanced distribution for surface antigen and its antibody. prevalen ... | 1992 | 1308803 |
hepatitis c virus infection as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis. a case-control study. | to determine whether chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is an independent risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma and whether it increases the cirrhosis-related risk for hepatocellular carcinoma. | 1992 | 1309286 |
the prevalence of anti-hepatitis c virus among chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. | to evaluate the role of hepatitis c virus (hcv) in chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc), the antibodies to hcv (anti-hcv) were detected by enzyme immunoassay in 41 (12.6%) of the 326 patients with hcc. however, none of 35 patients with metastatic carcinoma of the liver had detectable anti-hcv. the prevalence of anti-hcv was significantly higher in patients with hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag)-negative hcc than those with hbsag-positive hcc (37.3% versus 4.1%, p less than 0.00 ... | 1992 | 1309428 |
hepatitis b virus. new and evolving issues. | recent developments in molecular biology have advanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of hbv-induced disease. new data derived from the molecular analysis of clinical material have begun to bridge the gap between bench research and the clinical arena. in this review, we consider topics that have relevance to clinical management and that have not been summarized in the recent literature. the recent advances that have been made in the areas of hbv variants, in vitro cell culture systems, an ... | 1992 | 1309448 |
hepatitis b virus markers and antibodies to hepatitis c virus in japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. | sera from japanese patients with chronic liver disease were tested for hepatitis b virus (hbv) markers and antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv), and the results were correlated to the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma. in chronic non-a, non-b liver disease, anti-hcv prevalence was high both in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (78/89, 88%) and without it (66/84, 79%), while previous hbv infection was more common in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (65/89, 73%) than in those w ... | 1992 | 1309450 |
importance of primer selection for the detection of hepatitis c virus rna with the polymerase chain reaction assay. | we compared four primer sets from conserved regions of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) genome for their ability to detect hcv rna in a "nested" cdna polymerase chain reaction assay on sera from 114 anti-hcv antibody-positive individuals from around the world. the different primer sets had equivalent sensitivity, detecting less than 1 chimpanzee id50 (dose that infects 50%) when tested against reference strain h of hcv. we tested equal amounts of rna extracted from the serum of each individual with t ... | 1992 | 1309604 |
integration of hepatitis b virus dna through a mutational hot spot within the cohesive region in a case of hepatocellular carcinoma. | integrated hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna previously cloned from a hepatocellular carcinoma genomic library derived from a japanese patient was characterized further. sequence analysis of restriction fragments bearing the virus-host junctions defined 3125 nucleotides of essentially un-rearranged hbv dna of the adr subtype with the right junction mapping within the cohesive region at position 1970 and the left within the pre-core at position 1886. the right viral-host junction contains a 7 bp repeat ... | 1992 | 1309858 |
production of infectious hepatitis delta virus in vitro and neutralization with antibodies directed against hepatitis b virus pre-s antigens. | hepatitis delta virus (hdv) particles were produced in huh7 human hepatoma cells by transfection with cloned hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna and hdv cdna. the particles were characterized by their buoyant density, the presence of encapsidated viral rna, and their ability to infect primary cultures of chimpanzee hepatocytes. successful infection was evidenced by the appearance of increasing amounts of intracellular hdv rna after exposure to particles. infection was prevented when particles were incub ... | 1992 | 1309901 |