Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| clinical and molecular genetic characterisation of a family segregating autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa and sensorineural deafness. | to characterise clinically a large kindred segregating retinitis pigmentosa and sensorineural hearing impairment in an autosomal dominant pattern and perform genetic linkage studies in this family. extensive linkage analysis in this family had previously excluded the majority of loci shown to be involved in the aetiologies of rp, some other forms of inherited retinal degeneration, and inherited deafness. | 1997 | 9135384 |
| [immunopathology of borna disease in the horse: clinical, virological and neuropathologic findings]. | tissues from nine horses and one donkey suffering from natural borna disease were investigated. clinically, all animals demonstrated progressive reduced mentation and aggravating gait disturbances. during the clinical course anorexia and progressive loss of proprioception were observed. cranial nerve failure was accompanied by signs of pharyngeal paralysis, sialorrhea, bruxism, and by blindness. virologically, infectious virus was detected in the brain of all animals investigated but was not fou ... | 1996 | 9139422 |
| pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor as a diagnostic marker for adult-onset type ii citrullinemia. | adult-onset type ii citrullinemia is characterized by which deficiency of argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) protein is found specifically in the liver of patients. our recent study using differential messenger rna (mrna) display showed that the expression of human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (hpsti) mrna increases significantly in the liver of all type ii patients tested. in the present work, we found that the concentration of hpsti protein was higher in the liver of type ii patients ... | 1997 | 9141434 |
| fine localization of the torsion dystonia gene (dyt1) on human chromosome 9q34: yac map and linkage disequilibrium. | the dyt1 gene, which maps to chromosome 9q34, appears to be responsible for most cases of early-onset torsion dystonia in both ashkenazic jewish (aj) and non-jewish families. this disease is inherited in an autosomal dominant mode with reduced penetrance (30%-40%). the abnormal involuntary movements associated with this disease are believed to be caused by unbalanced neural transmission in the basal ganglia. previous linkage disequilibrium studies in the aj population placed the dyt1 gene in a 2 ... | 1997 | 9149944 |
| localization of regulatory peptides in the male urogenital apparatus of domestic equidae: a comparative immunohistochemical study in equus caballus and equus asinus. | an immunohistochemical study was carried out on specimens of testis, excurrent duct including the male accessory glands and urethra in its various tracts in the horse and the donkey, in order to localize nine regulatory peptides. immunoreactivities were tested by means of labelled strept avidin-biotin (lsab) method. the study has shown that equine male genitalia are supplied by many peptide immunoreactive nerves containing npy-, vip-, leu- and met-enkephalin-, substance p-, cgrp- and bombesin/gr ... | 1997 | 9151118 |
| differences in a ribosomal dna sequence of lungworm species (nematoda:dictyocaulidae) from fallow deer, cattle, sheep and donkeys. | the second internal transcribed spacer (its2)* of the ribosomal dna of dictyocaulus viviparus from cattle, d eckerti from fallow deer. d filaria from sheep and d arnfieldi from donkeys has been sequenced to investigate the genetic relationships among lungworm species, especially between d viviparus and d eckerti, because the latter is not generally accepted as a separate species. the length of the its2 varied between 403 and 481 bases, and its gc content ranged from 25 to 33 per cent. intraspeci ... | 1997 | 9160418 |
| simulation studies of vaccination strategies in african horse sickness. | a simulation model including two hosts (horses and donkeys) and one vector (culicoides imicola) for african horse sickness in spain is extended to consider vaccination strategies. if hosts were protected prior to virus introduction, elimination of simulated epidemics was related nonlinearly to the fraction protected. protecting donkeys as well as horses increased the effectiveness of vaccination. prevention of 50% of epidemics required 75% coverage of horses and donkeys or 90% coverage of horses ... | 1997 | 9160519 |
| glucocorticoids play an important role in mediating the enhanced metabolism of arginine and glutamine in enterocytes of postweaning pigs. | weaning is associated with increased intestinal metabolism of glutamine and arginine as well as elevated plasma concentrations of cortisol (the major circulating glucocorticoid) in pigs. the objective of this study was to determine if cortisol plays an important role in mediating the enhanced amino acid metabolism in enterocytes of weaned pigs by administering ru486 (a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist). eighteen 21-d-old pigs were randomly assigned to three groups of six. two of these groups r ... | 1997 | 9164994 |
| [secondary prevention of ischemic strokes: effect of dosage of aspirin]. | the value of acetylsalicylic acid (ass) in the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke is well established. however, the optimum dose of aas for stroke-threatened patients remains unsettled. this paper reviews the pattern of adverse reactions to aas and their relationship to the dosage of ass evaluated. | 1997 | 9172913 |
| the effect of ammonium chloride on hepatic and renal metabolism in the rat. | the metabolic effects of an ammonium salt on the liver and kidney were investigated. rats were allowed free access to a 0.28 m ammonium chloride (nh4cl) solution for 7- and 8-day periods. serum urea concentration was significantly increased after 8 days of nh4cl ingestion. however the following hepatic urea cycle enzymes remained unchanged: cps, otc, ass and asl. the pattern of urinary urea excretion was variable. when the data for the 7-day period were pooled, there was no significant differenc ... | 1997 | 9192912 |
| cloning, sequencing and in vitro functional expression of recombinant donkey follicle-stimulating hormone receptor: a new insight into the binding specificity of gonadotrophin receptors. | among all mammalian fsh receptors (fsh-r; including donkey (dk) fsh-r), only horse (hs) fsh-r does not bind hslh/chorionic gonadotrophin (cg). in order to delineate the structural origin of hsfsh-r specificity precisely, we have cloned dkfsh-r cdna from donkey testis mrna by rt-pcr. transiently expressed dkfsh-r endowed cos-7 cells with both hslh/cg- and fsh-binding activity, as well as fsh-induced camp production. the deduced dkfsh-r amino acid sequence shares 96% identity with the hsfsh-r: not ... | 1997 | 9195473 |
| serodiagnosis of babesia equi infection--a comparison of dot-elisa, complement fixation test and capillary tube agglutination test. | the present study aimed to develop dot-elisa, complement fixation test (cft) and capillary tube agglutination test (cat) for serodiagnosis of babesia equi infection and to compare their sensitivity with each other. for this study, sequential serum samples were collected from four donkeys experimentally infected with b. equi up to 90 days post infection (p.i.). b. equi antigen was prepared from the blood of a donkey showing more than 80% parasitaemia. dot-elisa, cf and ca tests were standardized ... | 1997 | 9195726 |
| a quantitative morphological study of age-related changes in the donkey testis in the period between puberty and senium. | the testis of the donkey was used as a model to study age-related changes in the period between puberty and senium. from the age of 1.5 years to the middle of sexual maturity (5 to 6 years) a number of histophysiological features, all indicative of the spermatogenetic efficiency, increase continuously. then without a longer-lasting plateau of maximal performance these features undergo continuous retrogression. thus, the adult testis is an organ in permanent change. during its progressive period ... | 1997 | 9197920 |
| failure to establish chronic infection of the reproductive tract of the male horse with a south african asinine strain of equine arteritis virus (eav). | eight sexually mature horse stallions were inoculated intranasally with a south african asinine strain of eav, a strain that was isolated from the semen of a donkey carrier. all horses developed fever, with maximum rectal temperatures of 38.9-39.9 degrees c recorded 3-6 d post challenge. six horses showed very mild clinical signs of equine viral arteritis and two were asymptomatic. the virus was recovered from the nasopharynxes of six horses 2-7 d after inoculation, and from buffy-coat samples o ... | 1997 | 9204499 |
| citrulline-argininosuccinate-arginine cycle coupled to ca2+-signaling in rat pancreatic beta-cells. | pancreatic beta-cells possess nitric oxide (no) synthases (noss) which synthesize no and l-citrulline from l-arginine. the present study was designed to explore the mechanism of citrulline and arginine metabolism in beta-cells and its possible coupling to beta-cell functions. the enzymes involved in citrulline-arginine metabolism, argininosuccinate synthetase (ass), argininosuccinate lyase (asl), and nos were expressed in rat islets and insulinoma hit t15 cells. in the presence of stimulatory gl ... | 1997 | 9207208 |
| the additional value of free prostate specific antigen to the battery of age-dependent prostate-specific antigen, prostate-specific antigen density and velocity. | this study describes the value of using the fraction of free prostate-specific antigen as a further marker in the early detection of prostate cancer. this newly introduced marker is compared to the usual battery of age-dependent total prostate-specific antigen, prostate-specific antigen density (microg/l x g tissue) and prostate-specific antigen velocity (microg/l x year). determination of total prostate-specific antigen and free prostate-specific antigen was performed on fresh serum samples obt ... | 1997 | 9228332 |
| topographical and functional investigation of escherichia coli penicillin-binding protein 1b by alanine stretch scanning mutagenesis. | penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) are the targets of beta-lactam antibiotics. we have used a systematic five-alanine substitution method (called ass [alanine stretch scanning] mutagenesis) to investigate the functional or structural role of various stretches of amino acids in the pbp1b of escherichia coli. to probe the specific activity of each variant, the antibiotic discs assay was used with strain qcb1 (delta ponb) in the presence of cefaloridine, which totally inhibits the complementing act ... | 1997 | 9244263 |
| fish mapping of the igf2 gene in horse and donkey-detection of homoeology with hsa11. | three genomic subclones derived from a phage clone containing the equine igf2 gene were used to fish map the gene on horse (eca) and donkey (eas) metaphase chromosomes. the gene mapped on eca 12q13 band and is the first locus mapped to this horse chromosome. in donkey the gene mapped very terminal on the long arm of one small submetacentric chromosome that shows almost identical dapi-banding pattern with eca12. this is the first locus mapped in donkey genome. cross species chromosome painting of ... | 1997 | 9250862 |
| comparative pharmacokinetics of caffeine and three metabolites in clinically normal horses and donkeys. | to determine whether clearance of capacity-limited drugs in horses differs from that in donkeys by comparing the serum disposition of caffeine and its metabolites, theophylline, theobromine, and paraxanthine after i.v. administration of caffeine to horses and donkeys. | 1997 | 9256975 |
| [length of gestation of freiberger mares with mule and horse foals]. | in a retrospective study the gestation lengths of two groups, each consisting of 193 "freiberger" mares, were compared. the mares of the first group were bred by a donkey, those of the second group by a stallion of the "freiberger" breed. on average, the gestation length of mares with "freiberger" foals lasted 336.5 days, and that of mares with mule foals 343.1 days. the difference between both groups was significant (p < 0.001). the shortest and longest observed gestation length of mares with " ... | 1997 | 9281060 |
| morphologic evidence for l-citrulline conversion to l-arginine via the argininosuccinate pathway in porcine cerebral perivascular nerves. | results from biochemical and pharmacologic studies suggest that lcitrulline is taken up by cerebral perivascular nerves and is converted to larginine for synthesizing nitric oxide (no). the current study was designed using morphologic techniques to determine whether lcitrulline is taken up into axoplasm of perivascular nerves and to explore the possibility that conversion of lcitrulline to larginine in these nerves is through the argininosuccinate pathway in porcine cerebral arteries. results fr ... | 1997 | 9290586 |
| plasma glucose and cortisol responses to exogenous insulin in fasted donkeys. | susceptibility to equine hyperlipaemia is increased by poor food intake. to assess the contribution of changes in insulin sensitivity, plasma glucose and cortisol responses to an intravenous insulin challenge (0.4 iu kg-1 bodyweight) were compared with those observed after saline administration in six donkeys fasted either overnight or for three days. three days of fasting decreased both the rate of insulin-induced hypoglycemia and the maximal hypoglycemic response. a transitory increase in plas ... | 1997 | 9300546 |
| nadph-diaphorase and cytosolic urea cycle enzymes in the rat spinal cord. | nitric oxide synthase (nos), argininosuccinate synthetase (ass), and argininosuccinate lyase (asl) compose a cyclic pathway to form nitric oxide (no). these enzymes, however, are localized differentially in most regions of the brain. to find out whether nos, ass, and asl are colocalized in neurons of the spinal cord, we examined the distribution of these enzymes by using a double-labeling procedure combining fluorescent immunohistochemistry with an assay for reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleo ... | 1997 | 9302108 |
| characterization and phylogenetic significance of rhinoceros luteinizing hormone beta (lhbeta) subunit messenger rna structure, complementary dna sequence and gene copy number. | the luteinizing hormone (lh) beta subunit gene is expressed in the pituitary glands of all mammals, whereas the closely related chorionic gonadotropin (cg) beta subunit genes have been identified only in primates and equids, and are expressed in placenta. in the case of horses, there is a single-copy equine (e) luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin hormone beta subunit gene (elh/cgbeta) that (1) is expressed in both pituitary gland and placenta, (2) encodes a characteristic carboxyl termina ... | 1997 | 9305757 |
| reference ranges and the influence of age and sex on haematological values of the endangered catalonian donkey. | 1997 | 9308403 | |
| central overexpression of the trh precursor gene induces hypertension in rats: antisense reversal. | extrahypothalamic trh participates in cardiovascular regulation and spontaneous hypertension of the rat. to investigate whether an increase in central trh activity produces hypertension we studied the effect of the pretrh overproduction induced by i.c.v. transfection with a naked eukaryotic expression plasmid vector which encodes pretrh (pcmv-trh). northern blot analysis and rt-pcr showed that pcmv-trh was transcribed in vitro and in vivo. at 24, 48, and 72 hours, pcmv-trh (100 microg) in a sign ... | 1997 | 9323019 |
| cosegregation of open-angle glaucoma and the nail-patella syndrome. | to evaluate two families ascertained only for the presence of glaucoma in which both nail-patella syndrome and glaucoma occur in several generations and to determine whether the two diseases are genetically related. | 1997 | 9323941 |
| clinical features of blister beetle poisoning in equids: 70 cases (1983-1996). | to document clinical signs and gross pathologic changes associated with naturally acquired cantharidiasis (blister beetle poisoning) in equids. | 1997 | 9343547 |
| the recognition of methylated dna by the gtp-dependent restriction endonuclease mcrbc resides in the n-terminal domain of mcrb. | mcrbc is a gtp-dependent restriction endonuclease of e. coli k12, selectively directed against dna containing modified cytosine residues. mcrb, one of its components, is responsible for the binding and, together with mcrc, for the cleavage of dnas containing two 5'-pu(m)c sites separated by 40-80 base pairs. gel retardation assays with wild-type and mutant mcrb reveal that (i) single 5'-pu(m)c sites in dna can be sufficient to elicite binding by mcrb. binding to such substrates is, however, weak ... | 1997 | 9348106 |
| effect of the south african asinine-94 strain of equine arteritis virus (eav) in pregnant donkey mares and duration of maternal immunity in foals. | clinical, virological and serological responses were investigated in five pregnant donkey mares after experimental exposure to the south african asinine-94 strain of equine arteritis virus (eav), and the duration of maternal immunity to eav was studied in their foals. in four intranasally inoculated mares, fever with maximum rectal temperatures of 39.1-40.7 degrees c was recorded 2-11 d after challenge. all the inoculated mares developed mild depression, and a serous ocular and nasal discharge; ... | 1997 | 9352564 |
| orthotopic liver transplantation for adult-onset type ii citrullinaemia. | citrullinaemia is a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to a deficiency of argininosuccinate synthetase (ass). while the clinical course of the adult onset form (type ii) is unpredictable, many patients undergo sudden deterioration with progressive cerebral oedema. two patients with type ii citrullinaemia were referred for liver transplantation. one patient was successfully transplanted, and his plasma citrulline level decreased from 300 to 69 mumol/l (normal range 20-60 mumol/l); fisher's rat ... | 1997 | 9361940 |
| alteration of anionic sites in renal glomerular basement membrane of pigs. | ultrastructural alteration of anionic sites (ass) in the glomerular basement membrane (gbm) was studied in 10 cases of swine mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis using a cationic ultrastructural tracer, 0.5% polyethyleneimine (m.w. = 1,800). glomerular ass were seen as discrete electron-dense particles in the gbm, mesangial matrix and epithelial cell surfaces by electron microscopy. in the lamina rara externa (lre) of the normal gbm, ass were distributed regularly in a single layer. in tho ... | 1997 | 9362031 |
| l-citrulline conversion to l-arginine in sphenopalatine ganglia and cerebral perivascular nerves in the pig. | the presence of nitric oxide synthase (nos), argininosuccinate synthetase (ass), and argininosuccinate lyase (asl) and their coexistence with nadph-diaphorase (nadphd), a marker for nos, in the porcine sphenopalatine ganglia (spg), pial veins, and the anterior cerebral arteries was examined using immunohistochemical and histochemical staining techniques. nos-immunoreactive (i), ass-i, and asl-i fibers were found in pial veins and the anterior cerebral arteries. nos, ass, and asl immunoreactiviti ... | 1997 | 9374753 |
| interspecific and extraspecific pregnancies in equids: anything goes. | equids possess the unusual ability to interbreed freely among the phenotypically and karyotypically diverse member species of the genus to produce viable, but usually infertile, offspring. the mule (female horse x male donkey) was humanity's first successful attempt at genetic engineering and its clear expression of both parental phenotypes has contributed much to our understanding of genetic inheritance over the centuries. even more surprising, mares and donkeys have been shown to be capable of ... | 1997 | 9378914 |
| "the law is a ass--a idiot". | 1997 | 9385815 | |
| [the research of radioimmunoassay using double abs for bradykinin]. | bradykinin (bk) is a potent vasodilative substance, and plays great physiological and pathological roles in animals and human beings. to measure the quantity of bk, the radioimmunoassay (ria) has been devised, but the traditional ria method has certain defects, such as presence of numerows interfering factors and errors and time consuming. now, we produce anti-bk serum in rabbits by using bk-ovalbumin conjugate as an immunogen, and the 125i labeled tyr8-bk by using a modified chloramine-t method ... | 1996 | 9388945 |
| regulation of argininosuccinate synthetase mrna level in rat foetal hepatocytes. | expression of the hepatic gene for argininosuccinate synthase (ass), one of the key enzymes of the urea cycle, was analysed during the perinatal period in the rat. to this end, the amount of specific mrna was measured in the liver at various stages of development and in cultured foetal hepatocytes maintained in different hormonal conditions. the ass mrna was first detected in 15.5-day foetuses and its level increased concomitantly with a rise in the enzyme activity, suggesting that the appearanc ... | 1997 | 9395312 |
| making an ass of the law. | 1997 | 9401388 | |
| evidence that the alpha-subunit influences the specificity of receptor binding of the equine gonadotrophins. | horse lh/chorionic gonadotrophin (elh/cg) exhibits, in addition to its normal lh activity, a high fsh activity in all other species tested. donkey lh/cg (dklh/cg) also exhibits fsh activity in other species, but about ten times less than the horse hormone. in order to understand the molecular basis of these dual gonadotrophic activities of elh/cg and dklh/cg better, we expressed, in cos-7 cells, hybrids between horse and donkey subunits, between horse or donkey alpha-subunit and human cg beta (h ... | 1997 | 9415058 |
| differential effects of somatostatin analogues on proliferation of murine colonic cancer cells in vitro. | the effects of somatostatin analogues octreotide (sms 201-995), ass-51 and ass-52 on [3h]-thymidine incorporation into dna of the murine colon 38 cancer cells in vitro were investigated. it was found that sms 201-995 and ass-51 inhibited the tritiated thymidine incorporation in a dose-dependent manner. in contrast, analogue ass-52 in spite of a very similar structure to ass-51, which differed from the latter only by one ch2oh group, was devoid of remarkable antiproliferative activity. these resu ... | 1997 | 9418016 |
| carbon dioxide laser as a surgical instrument for sarcoid therapy--a retrospective study on 60 cases. | the objective of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate the carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of single and multiple sarcoids in 60 animals (44 horses, 13 donkeys, 2 mules, and 1 pony). only animals that had been operated on 6 mo or more ago were included. recurrence, new manifestation rate, and cosmetic outcome were determined. recurrence was observed in 23 (38%) individuals. animals with new sarcoid manifestation with or without recurrence of a sarcoid were observed in 35 cases ... | 1997 | 9426943 |
| genus-specific detection of alphaviruses by a semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed for the genus-specific detection of alphaviruses. based on the available published sequences, degenerate primers were designed to ensure hybridization to a conserved region within the nonstructural protein 1 gene of all alphavirus species. the expected 434-basepair (bp) cdna fragment was amplified from all 27 alphavirus species by using rna extracted from 200 microl of infected cell culture supernatant. in addition, eight s ... | 1997 | 9430533 |
| pharmacokinetics and cardiopulmonary effects of guaifenesin in donkeys. | five donkeys and three horses were given guaifenesin, intravenously, by gravity administration, until recumbency was produced. the time and dose required to produce recumbency, recovery time to sternal and standing were recorded. blood samples were collected for guaifenesin assay at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min, and 2, 3, 4 and 6 h after guaifenesin administration. serum was analysed for guaifenesin using hplc and pharmacokinetic values were calculated using a computer software package (rstrip). i ... | 1997 | 9430767 |
| an epizootic of besnoitiosis in goats in fars province of iran. | over 100,000 goats were grazing freely in isolated herds of 100 to 600 goats in a mountainous area of more than 2000 km2 to the north-east of darab city in fars province in southern iran. twenty to fifty percent of the goats in this area were infected with besnoitiosis. sheep, cattle and donkeys grazing in the same area showed no clinical manifestations of the infection. the diagnosis of the infection in the clinically suspected animals was confirmed by histological studies on skin biopsies from ... | 1997 | 9444079 |
| overloading of donkeys. | 1997 | 9447682 | |
| [prospective study on the prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip replacement. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents versus radiation therapy]. | two prospective trials were undertaken to assess the comparative efficacy of early postoperative irradiation with different radiation doses versus the postoperative use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (nsaid) for prevention of heterotopic ossification (ho) following prothetic total hip replacement (thp). | 1997 | 9454352 |
| elucidation of the mechanism enhancing the avidity of lectin with oligosaccharides on the solid phase surface. | the mechanism underlying molecular recognition of lectins was elucidated by a novel solid phase binding assay system based on surface plasmon resonance. when the apparent affinities of interactions between chitooligosaccharides and wheat germ agglutinin were compared between lectin-immobilized and oligosaccharide-immobilized assay systems, the affinity constants (ka) calculated for the former system were in good agreement with the previously reported values measured in solution. on the other han ... | 1997 | 9455921 |
| distribution and co-localization of nitric oxide synthase and argininosuccinate synthetase in the cat hypothalamus. | argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) and nitric oxide synthase (nos) comprise part of the cyclic metabolic pathway to produce nitric oxide (no). ass is one of the arginine synthesis enzymes which synthesizes argininosuccinate from aspartate and citrulline, and nos forms no and citrulline from arginine. this study examines the localization of ass and nos in the cat hypothalamus using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (nadph-d) histochemistry and immunohistochemistry against ass ... | 1997 | 9477156 |
| [pathophysiology and therapeutic concepts in coronary restenosis]. | demonstration of a reduced restenosis rate after stent implantation (benestent, stress) has initiated rapid increase in stent implantation rates with widening indications. at present, the majority of stents are implanted in "none-benestent/stress-lesions" with the consequence of a higher restenosis rate as previously expected. stent restenosis has therefore become a relevant problem in interventional cardiology. in contrast to balloon angioplasty, where acute and subacute recoil represents the m ... | 1997 | 9483438 |
| screening for bovine papillomavirus in peripheral blood cells of donkeys with and without sarcoids. | papillomaviral dna has been identified in peripheral blood cells of both cattle and humans with and without associated disease and it has been suggested that such cells may act as sites of viral latency. in order to investigate the possibility of latent papillomaviral infection in the aetiopathogenesis of the equine sarcoid, peripheral blood derived dna samples from 20 healthy and 34 sarcoid-affected donkeys were subject to polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using papillomaviral specific primers. a ... | 1997 | 9491459 |
| babesiosis in china. | the importance of babesiosis in livestock in china is discussed and mainly focused on bovine and equine babesiosis. babesiosis is still one of the most important diseases affecting livestock and has caused great economic loss. nine species of babesia have been recognized in livestock: b. bigemina, b. bovis, b. major, b. motasi, b. ovis, b. perroncitoi, b. trautmanni, b. equi (theileria equi), b. caballi. the distribution of babesia follows the distribution of the tick vectors. the main vectors o ... | 1997 | 9512738 |
| [prospective randomized pilot study of ambulatory prevention of thromboembolism. 2 times 500 mg aspirin (ass) vs. clivarin 1750 (nmh)]. | from march 1994 to march 1996, 287 patients, presenting with lower extremity injuries, who required immobilizing bandages or casts, where included in a prospective, randomized study. these patients received either low-molecular heparin or acetylsalicylic acid for thrombosis prophylaxis. in all patients a clinical examination and a colour-coded duplex sonography were performed after removal of the cast for detection of lower extremity venous thrombosis. a plebography was performed when thrombosis ... | 1998 | 9522671 |
| expression of epidermal growth factor and its receptor in equine placental tissues. | northern blot and in situ hybridization techniques have demonstrated a marked increase in mrna encoding epidermal growth factor (egf) in the endometrium of mares, coincident with the start of interdigitation between the allantochorion and endometrium during placentation. in the present study, the unusually high egf expression in the epithelium of the endometrial glands was shown to be maintained until at least day 250 of gestation (term = 320-340 days) in mares carrying normal horse conceptuses. ... | 1998 | 9538329 |
| clinical biochemical parameters of the endangered catalonian donkey breed: normal values and the influence of sex, age, and management practices effect. | twelve clinical biochemical parameters were determined in 97 animals of all age groups and both sexes of the endangered catalonian donkey breed. significant sex differences were observed for phospholipid concentration (p<0.01). evaluating the effect of management practices on the various parameters showed significant differences for total bilirubin (p<0.001) and creatinine (p<0.05) concentrations and gamma-glutamyltransferase (p<0.05) activity. moreover, it was observed that inorganic phosphorus ... | 1998 | 9557798 |
| in vitro propagation of theileria annulata infected schizonts in different media supplemented with heterologous sera. | efficacy of medium rpmi-1640 (supplied by gibco usa, centron and hi-media) supplemented with horse, donkey, sheep and goat sera was evaluated for in vitro propagation of theileria annulata (hisar) infected bovine mononuclear cells. the results were compared with the growth rate in rpmi-1640 supplemented with foetal bovine serum (gibco). rpmi-1640 (gibco) proved to be the best medium for in vitro cultivation of the parasite infected cells. foetal bovine serum could be easily, safely and reliably ... | 1997 | 9567745 |
| serpin-like properties of alpha1-antitrypsin portland towards furin convertase. | recent studies have demonstrated that a serpin variant, alpha1-antitrypsin portland (at-pdx), can inhibit the mammalian convertase furin. here, we examine the mechanism by which this inhibition takes place. we find that furin, which does not belong to the trypsin-like serine protease family, the usual targets of serpins, forms an sds-heat denaturation-resistant complex with at-pdx both in vitro and in vivo. at-pdx inhibited furin with an association rate constant (k(ass)) of 1.5 x 10(6) m(-1) s( ... | 1998 | 9598975 |
| culicoides in relation to transmission of african horse sickness virus in the gambia. | twelve light trap collections made near overnight shelters of horses and donkeys in four villages in the central river division of the gambia captured fourteen species of biting midge of the genus culicoides. five species new to the gambia were identified. this brought the number of recognized species of culicoides (after a revision of c. schultzei) to twenty-nine in the gambia. species known or suspected as vectors of african horse sickness virus (ahsv) and bluetongue virus (btv) comprised 83% ... | 1998 | 9622369 |
| homologous plasma-stored tendon grafting in equids--gross and histomorphological observations. | the efficacy of homologous plasma-stored tendon grafting in the superficial digital flexor tendon severed in the mid-metacarpal region was evaluated in 10 donkeys. experimental tenectomies were performed, followed by grafting using plasma-stored tendon and human amniotic membrane encasement in group i (n=8) but no grafting or encasement in group ii (control) (n=2). gross observations in group i showed no peritendinous adhesions, except in one animal, while control animals showed thick fibrous ad ... | 1998 | 9625461 |
| conformation defects in draught donkeys. | 1998 | 9634713 | |
| [the action of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazol against acetylsalicylic acid-induced gastroduodenopathy in comparison to ranitidine. an endoscopic controlled, double blind comparison]. | in a randomised double-blind parallel study the gastroduodenal tolerability of 300 mg acetylsalicilic acid daily (asa, cas 50-78-2) has been evaluated in the presence of placebo (n = 8), 40 mg pantoprazole (cas 102625-70-7) daily (8 a.m.) (n = 16) and 300 mg ranitidine (cas 66357-35-5) daily (8 a.m.) (n = 16) in healthy volunteers using upper gi-endoscopy. the treatment period lasted 14 days, endoscopic controls were performed at entry and repeated at day 14. at entry, the mean endoscopic score ... | 1998 | 9638315 |
| induction of micronuclei in the domestic cat (felis domesticus) peripheral blood by colchicine and cytosine-arabinoside. | one advantage of bioassays over other kinds of tests is the processing or metabolism of the compound by the organism. in a previous work, in which we reported the number of micronucleated erythrocytes (mne) in the peripheral blood of 35 species, the cat was one of the species with the highest number of micronuclei (mn). cats have a low level of circulating polychromatic erythrocytes (pce), i.e. 0.05%, which is much lower than in the laboratory mouse, but higher than in species such as cows, donk ... | 1998 | 9639702 |
| increased excretion of aromatic amino acid catabolites in animals infected with trypanosoma brucei evansi. | aromatic amino acid catabolism by trypanosoma brucei evansi was investigated in vivo using c3heb/fej mice. the major catabolites detected by gas chromatography in the urines of infected animals were phenylpyruvic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid, and indole-3-pyruvic acid. identity of each compound was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. concentrations of catabolites in urine of infected mice were correlated with parasitemia and returned to normal following suramin treatment. oth ... | 1998 | 9645841 |
| chromosomal rearrangements in a somali wild ass pedigree, equus africanus somaliensis (perissodactyla, equidae). | chromosome analyses were conducted on 15 animals in a pedigree of somali wild ass, equus africanus somaliensis. g- and c-banded karyotypes are presented for the first time on this endangered species. the diploid number ranged from 62 to 64. numerical chromosomal variation was the result of a centric fission which was accompanied by a heterochromatic deletion. the fission polymorphism involved acrocentric elements 19 and 21 as determined by g-banding. these autosomes are homologous to those invol ... | 1998 | 9678344 |
| [solid-phase immunoenzyme ass for detecting giardia lamblia antigens]. | an elisa sandwich for the detection of giardia lamblia antigens in human faeces was standardized. 175 samples were studied: 77 positive, 61 negative to cysts and/or trophozoites by direct faeces test, and 19 positive to other parasite different from g. lamblia. the sensitivity of the technique was 94.8% and the specificity 98.3%. the method detects an antigen concentration of 31 ng. the procedure is simple, sensitive and specific so, it may be useful for diagnosis and in epidemiological studies. | 1997 | 9685962 |
| pharmacokinetics of sulfonamides and trimethoprim in the donkey (equus asinus). | the body disposition of sulfadimidine (sdm), sulfadiazine (sdz), sulfamethoxypyridazine (smpz) and a trimethoprim-sulfadimethoxine combination (tmp-sdmx) was investigated in the donkey. the four sulfonamides and tmp were injected intravenously at doses of 20 mg/kg (sdm, sdz, smpz), 12.5 mg/kg (sdmx) and 2.5 mg/kg (tmp). the body clearance (clb) of sdz (1.70 +/- 0.14 ml/min/kg) was significantly higher than those of sdm (1.13 +/- 0.18 ml/min/kg), smpz (1.10 +/- 0.09 ml/min/kg) and sdmx (0.75 +/- ... | 1998 | 9697419 |
| a comparative study of mast cells and eosinophil leukocytes in the mammalian testis. | the existence of a physiological integration between the immune and endocrine systems has long been recognized. in spite of the abundant literature data on the presence of cells of the immune system in the testis, mast cells and eosinophil leukocytes have received little attention. we have studied the presence, distribution and numbers of mast cells and eosinophils in the testes of 12 mammalian species. mast cells were frequently found in equine (stallion, ass and mule) and human testis, whereas ... | 1998 | 9697421 |
| hyperlipaemia in a donkey. | 1998 | 9700398 | |
| a case of open multiple fractures of both forearms caused by a donkey bite. | 1998 | 9707818 | |
| an outbreak of equine leukoencephalomalacia at oaxaca, mexico, associated with fumonisin b1. | equine leukoencephalomalacia (elem), swine pulmonary oedema and human oesophageal cancer have been associated with fumonisine b1 (fb1) ingestion. for the first time in this study it is reported that fb1 was identified as being associated with an outbreak of elem at oaxaca, mexico. symptoms of elem and equine venezuelan encephalitis (eve) are similar and a different diagnosis is obligatory. in the geographical area (oaxaca, mexico) where donkeys died showing a neurological syndrome, 14 corn sampl ... | 1998 | 9719762 |
| effect of density and weight of load on the energy cost of carrying loads by donkeys and ponies. | two experiments were designed to compare the energy used in carrying loads by donkeys and ponies. in the first experiment 3 donkeys and 3 ponies were compared on treadmills in the uk. density of load (lead shot or straw) had no significant effect on the energy cost of carrying loads; however, the energy cost of carrying a load decreased significantly (p < 0.001) as the weight of the load increased (in donkeys 6.44, 4.35 and 3.03 j/kg load/m, in ponies 5.82, 3.75 and 3.68 j/kg load/m, for loads o ... | 1998 | 9719832 |
| [lead in the blood and protoporphyrin levels in erythrocytes in glass workers exposed to lead]. | this paper investigates how the indicators of lead exposure (blood lead-pbb, delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase-delta-alad, erythrocyte protoporphyrin-ep), relate to the exposure duration prior to the analyses, alcohol intake, gamma-glutamyltranspherase (ggt), and smoking habits of 25 glass workers exposed to lead oxide over a period between 1988 and 1994. the pbb was analyzed with the et ass method, (alad with standardized european method) while ep with the spectrofluorometric method. the al ... | 1997 | 9721457 |
| immunologic, microscopic, and molecular evidence of encephalitozoon intestinalis (septata intestinalis) infection in mammals other than humans. | encephalitozoon intestinalis (septata intestinalis) is the second most prevalent microsporidian species infecting humans, but it has not been described in other animal species. this investigation examined 10 domestic animal stool samples (8 mammalian, 2 avian) containing spores detected by anti-encephalitozoon monoclonal antibody immunofluorescence (fa). the presence of e. intestinalis but not encephalitozoon hellem or encephalitozoon cuniculi was confirmed in 6 of 8 mammalian stool samples by s ... | 1998 | 9728552 |
| enterococcus asini sp. nov. isolated from the caecum of donkeys (equus asinus). | several gram-positive, non-spore-forming and non-motile bacteria consisting of pairs or chains of cocci were isolated during an investigation of the bacterial flora of the caecum of donkeys. physiological and metabolic data indicated that the strains belong to the genus enterococcus; phenotypic traits of these organisms were not consistent with any of the currently known enterococcus species. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis placed these strains in the genus enterococcus. their closest relatives ... | 1998 | 9731276 |
| compartmentation and kinetics of urea cycle enzymes in porcine enterocytes. | we have recently reported the synthesis of urea from ammonia, glutamine and arginine in enterocytes of postweaning pigs. the present study was conducted to determine the compartmentation and kinetics of urea cycle enzymes in these cells. carbamoyl phosphate synthase i (cps i) and ornithine carbamoyltransferase (oct) were located exclusively in mitochondria, whereas argininosuccinate synthase (ass) and argininosuccinate lyase (asl) were found in the cytosol. arginase isozymes were present in both ... | 1998 | 9734336 |
| the icd in france: money problem or donkey syndrome? | 1998 | 9744428 | |
| helminth levels of working donkeys kept under different management systems in the moretele 1 district of the north-west province, south africa. | in southern africa, where 150,000 working donkeys provide an important alternative to mechanisation in resource-poor communities, very little is known about their helminth status, or about the impact of helminths on their work output. the aim of this study was to investigate the helminth status of working donkeys under different management systems. donkey owners in three different areas (one rural and two semi-rural) of the moretele 1 district of north-west province, south africa, were visited a ... | 1998 | 9746286 |
| [effects of high sodium intake on ventricular remodeling in mice]. | despite extensive research, controversy still exists regarding the role of dietary sodium intake on hypertension and left ventricular (lv) hypertrophy. echocardiography is a powerful tool to assess lv hypertrophy and recent technical developments allow now its use in small animals. | 1998 | 9749140 |
| comparative neurovirulence and tissue tropism of wild-type and attenuated strains of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus administered by aerosol in c3h/hen and balb/c mice. | to assess the potential for aerosol administration of vaccines for venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (vee), we compared the neurovirulence and tissue tropism of the wild-type trinidad donkey (trd) strain to those of the attenuated tc83 and v3526 strains of vee in mice. six to 8-week-old female c3h/hen and balb/c mice were aerosol exposed to one of the three vee strains. three mice of each strain were euthanatized at different times and their tissues were processed and stained using hematoxyli ... | 1998 | 9754544 |
| pedal osteosarcoma in a donkey. | an 18 1/2-year-old castrated male donkey with progressively worsening right forelimb lameness presented with a mass on the distal dorsal aspect of its p3 bone. grossly, the firm, gritty mass was infiltrative, disrupted the contours of the overlying hoof wall, and had mottled and cavitated areas on cut surface. histologically, the growth was composed of densely cellular sheets of mildly pleomorphic mesenchymal cells forming irregularly shaped islands of poorly mineralized osteoid. the neoplastic ... | 1998 | 9754546 |
| beta-amyloid precursor protein and ss-amyloid peptide immunoreactivity in the rat brain after middle cerebral artery occlusion: effect of age. | background and | 1998 | 9756603 |
| pig, donkey and buffalo meat as a source of some coccidian parasites infecting dogs. | experimental infection of dogs with meat samples (oesophagus, heart and diaphragm) from each of 105 pigs, 11 donkeys and 17 egyptian water buffaloes indicated that they contained the infective stages of some coccidian parasites of dogs. the dogs which were fed pig meat shed in their faeces isospora ohioensis, i. canis oocysts and sarcocystis miescheriana sporocysts after prepatent periods of 3-5, 4-7 and 9-10 days, respectively. the dogs which were fed donkey meat excreted only i. ohioensis oocy ... | 1998 | 9760058 |
| codistribution of procathepsin b and mature cathepsin b forms in human prostate tumors detected by confocal and immunofluorescence microscopy. | cathepsin b (cb) is involved in invasion and metastasis of a variety of solid organ tumors, including human prostate cancer. the tertiary structures of the proenzyme and mature forms of cb are related closely, as revealed by crystallographic studies. however, the cellular distributions of the cb forms have not been defined in human prostate and its tumors. our objective was to investigate the distribution and codistribution of cb and procathepsin b (procb) in human prostate tumors. human prostat ... | 1998 | 9776083 |
| the matrix effects on kinetic rate constants of antibody-antigen interactions reflect solvent viscosity. | this study describes the influence of different matrices on two model antibody-antigen interactions; that between beta2microglobulin and anti beta2microglobulin, and that of rabbit anti mouse fc fragment (ramfc) with mouse igg. the matrices investigated were; phosphate-buffered saline ph 7.4 containing 0.05% tween 20 detergent, horse serum, a 50:50 mixture of phosphate-buffered saline/tween 20 and horse serum, and four glycerol solutions of differing concentrations. a recently developed optical ... | 1998 | 9776574 |
| an annotated checklist by genus and species of 93 species level names for 51 recognized species of small strongyles (nematoda: strongyloidea: cyathostominea) of horses, asses and zebras of the world. | the results of an international collaborative effort to prepare a recommended list of scientific names for the small strongyles (nematoda: strongyloidea: cyathostominea) of horses, donkeys and zebras are reported. fifty-one valid species are recognized in 13 genera, including cyathostomum, coronocyclus, cylicodontophorus, cylicocyclus, cylicostephanus, skrjabinodentus, tridentoinfundibulum, petrovinema, poteriostomum, parapoteriostomum, hsiungia, cylindropharynx and caballonema. in addition, 42 ... | 1998 | 9777726 |
| epidemiology of african horse sickness and the role of the zebra in south africa. | zebra are the only equine species native to south africa. these animals roamed over much of the country in the 17th century when horses and donkeys were first imported. the first cases of african horse sickness (ahs) then occurred in the horses of hunters who entered zebra territory. ahs continued to occur on a country-wide basis until the beginning of the 20th century, though the number of outbreaks decreased as the populations of zebra collapsed through overhunting. for most of the 20th centur ... | 1998 | 9785491 |
| serological and virological responses in mules and donkeys following inoculation with african horse sickness virus serotype 4. | two groups, comprising 4 donkeys and 4 mules (group 1) and 4 donkeys and 3 mules (group 2), were used to determine the duration of viraemia and to monitor the development of antibodies following inoculation with african horse sickness virus (ahsv). one group of animals was given a single dose of attenuated ahsv serotype 4 (ahsv 4) vaccine. the second group was inoculated with a virulent field strain of ahsv 4. both groups were subsequently challenged with the virulent field strain of ahsv 4, 51 ... | 1998 | 9785493 |
| donkeys as reservoirs of african horse sickness virus. | investigations have been carried out to elucidate the possible role of the donkey in the epidemiology of african horse sickness (ahs). these studies have shown that despite the absence of pyrexia or other observable clinical signs, donkeys become infected with virulent ahs virus serotype 4 (ahsv 4) and that they develop a viraemia which can persist for at least 12 days, albeit at a comparatively lower titre than that recorded for similarly infected ponies. ahsv 4 showed a similar tissue tropism ... | 1998 | 9785494 |
| clinical, virological and immune responses of normal and immunosuppressed donkeys (equus asinus africanus) after inoculation with african horse sickness virus. | to elucidate the role that donkeys may play in african horse sickness virus (ahsv) persistence during inter-epizootic periods we looked for clinical signs of infection and studied the viraemia and neutralising antibody kinetics in 3 immunocompetent and 3 immunosuppressed donkeys inoculated with ahsv-4. none of the donkeys developed signs of ahs. however infectious ahsv was isolated from the blood of the immunocompetent donkeys for up to 17 days post infection (dpi) and viral antigens were detect ... | 1998 | 9785495 |
| simulation studies of african horse sickness in spain. | factors affecting epidemics of african horse sickness in spain were studied using a mathematical model. the model examined the likelihood of an epidemic after the introduction of the virus, and the effectiveness of vaccination strategies. two host species (horses and donkeys) and one vector species (the biting midge culicoides imicola) were included. a stratified random sampling method (latin hypercube sampling) was used for sensitivity analysis of the likelihood of an epidemic. systematic varia ... | 1998 | 9785500 |
| application of an indirect fluorescent antibody assay for the detection of african horse sickness virus antibodies. | an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) technique was used to screen and quantify antibodies against african horse sickness virus (ahsv) in equine sera. results obtained with the ifa assay were compared directly with those obtained with standard complement fixation (cf) and virus neutralisation (vn) tests using horse sera from experimental studies and samples from the field. positive fluorescent antibody titres were detected from as early as 7 days after primary vaccination and persisted for at l ... | 1998 | 9785515 |
| use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and dot-blot hybridisation for the detection and identification of african horse sickness virus nucleic acids. | a coupled reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay (rt-pcr) for the detection of african horse sickness virus (ahsv) dsrna, has been developed using genome segment 7 as the target template for primers. rna from isolates of all nine ahsv serotypes were readily detected. the potential inhibitory effects of either ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (edta) or heparin on the rt-pcr were eliminated by washing blood samples before lysis of the red blood cells and storage. there was a close ... | 1998 | 9785517 |
| the evolution of aging: a new approach to an old problem of biology. | most gerontologists believe aging did not evolve, is accidental, and is unrelated to development. the opposite viewpoint is most likely correct. genetic drift occurs in finite populations and leads to homozygosity in multiple-alleled traits. episodic selection events will alter random drift towards homozygosity in alleles that increase fitness with respect to the selection event. aging increases population turnover, which accelerates the benefit of genetic drift. this advantage of aging led to t ... | 1998 | 9792199 |
| immunolocalization of regulatory peptides and 5-ht in bovine male urogenital apparatus. | specimens of testis, excurrent duct including the accessory genital glands and urethra throughout its extension were investigated in adult bovines, in order to immunohistochemically localize both the peptidergic innervation and the epithelial cell types belonging to the diffuse endocrine system (des). immunoreactivities to grp, met- and leu-enkephalins, cgrp, npy, substance p, vip, somatostatin, beta-endorphin and 5-ht antisera were tested by means of a labelled streptavidin-biotin (lsab) method ... | 1998 | 9810501 |
| resistance to alpha/beta interferons correlates with the epizootic and virulence potential of venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses and is determined by the 5' noncoding region and glycoproteins. | we compared the alpha/beta interferon (ifn-alpha/beta) sensitivities of the tc-83 vaccine strain and 24 enzootic and epizootic venezuelan equine encephalitis (vee) isolates. the ifn-resistant or -sensitive phenotype correlated well with epizootic or enzootic potential. ifn-alpha/beta resistance of trinidad donkey (trd) virus correlated with virulence determinants in the 5' noncoding region and glycoproteins. infection of mice lacking a functional ifn system with the ifn-sensitive tc-83 virus res ... | 1998 | 9811777 |
| argininosuccinate synthetase: localization in astrocytes and role in the production of glial nitric oxide. | an antiserum raised against the peptide representing the partial sequence 196-222 of mouse liver argininosuccinate synthetase (ass) was used to detect and localize the enzyme in cells of neural primary cultures. no ass immunoreactivity was detected by western blotting in homogenates of mouse pure astroglial cultures and rat astroglia-rich cultures. however, when the cultures had been treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide, interferon-gamma, or a combination of both, ass immunoreactivity was d ... | 1998 | 9814823 |
| the guttural pouch is not present in the white rhinoceros (ceratotherium simum); morphology of the eustachian tube and nasopharynx. | the nasopharynx and eustachian tube (auditory tube) were morphologically examined in the white rhinoceros. the narrow nasopharynx cavity was enlarged dorsoventrally. the most lateral part of both sides sharply rises in a dorsal direction and the volume is estimated at 173 cc. the eustachian tube is 145 mm in length from the auditory bulla to the nasopharynx. the hyaline cartilage is well-developed in the middle region of the eustachian tube wall. the results demonstrated that the white rhinocero ... | 1998 | 9818452 |
| phylogenetic relationships within the genus equus and the evolution of alpha and theta globin genes. | sequences of the alpha1, alpha2 and theta globin genes from six equid species have been determined to investigate relationships within the genus equus. analyses using standard phylogenetic methods, or an approach designed to account for the effects of gene conversion between the alpha genes, gave broadly similar results and show that the horses diverged from the zebra/ass ancestor approximately 2.4 million years ago and that the zebra and ass species arose in a rapid radiation approximately 0.9 ... | 1998 | 9847419 |
| necrosis of the femoral head after kidney transplantation. | we reviewed the medical records of 750 patients (445 men, 305 women), who had received a kidney transplant during the period 1968-1995, for any sign of necrosis of the femoral head. for post-operative immunosuppression, 374 patients had received high-dose corticosteroids (average 12.5 g during the first year post-operatively), while 376 patients had received low-dose corticosteroids (average 6.5 g during the first year post-operatively) and cyclosporin a. survival curves according to kaplan and ... | 1998 | 9850453 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in egyptian donkeys using elisa. | a serological survey of toxoplasma gondii was conducted using elisa on 121 sera from adult donkeys from monofia province, egypt. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 65.6% of 121 donkeys. | 1998 | 9877073 |
| performance and management of draught animals in agriculture in sub-saharan africa: a review. | use of animal power generally enables farmers in sub-saharan africa to increase agricultural production and improve the quality of life. effective use of working animals depends on an understanding of the capabilities of the animals for work, their husbandry requirements and the factors which can influence their performance. these issues are reviewed in this paper in the context of the use of animal power in agriculture in sub-saharan africa. the type of animal used for work determines power ava ... | 1998 | 9881437 |