Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted ascending) Filter |
|---|
| antigen specific correlations of cellular immune responses in human leishmaniasis suggests mechanisms for immunoregulation. | regulation of the immune response directed against leishmania is critical for the establishment of effective control of the disease. it is likely that some types of immune responses directed against leishmania can lead to more severe clinical forms of leishmaniasis causing a poor control of the pathogen and/or pathology, while others lead to resolution of the infection with little pathology as in cutaneous leishmaniasis. to gain a better understanding of the possible role that subpopulations of ... | 2004 | 15086400 |
| parameters of leishmania braziliensis transmission by indoor lutzomyia ovallesi in venezuela. | we developed a mathematical model of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) transmission predicting cl incidence based on field data of number of positive sand flies, new cl cases, and number of susceptible people. we estimated the following parameters: a cl incubation period of one month, the overall susceptibility (phi = 0.793), the serologic force of infection (lambda(m) = 0.108 /person/year, sd = 0.014), the clinical force of infection (lambda(l)= 0.114/year), the proportion of infections that result ... | 2004 | 15100449 |
| evaluation of serological assays based on a novel excreted antigen preparation for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in panama. | the objective of the present study was to determine the efficacy of prototype diagnostic serological assays for american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) in panama. as such, we prospectively sampled 100 cutaneous leishmaniasis case-patients and tested their sera in two serological assays based upon novel soluble antigen preparations made from propagating the parasites in a protein-free, serum free media. using serum and a leishmania mexicana antigen preparation to sensitize plates, the assay correc ... | 2004 | 15134886 |
| subcellular localization of an extracellular serine protease in leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis. | extracellular proteolytic activity was detected in a leishmania ( l.) amazonensis culture supernatant and a 56-kda protein was purified using (nh4)2so4 precipitation followed by affinity chromatography on aprotinin-agarose. a rabbit serum obtained against the 56-kda extracellular serine protease was used in order to analyze its location in l. ( l.) amazonensis parasites. immunocytochemistry studies revealed that the enzyme is mainly found in the flagellar pocket and cytoplasmic vesicles of proma ... | 2004 | 15185145 |
| epidemiology of andean cutaneous leishmaniasis: incrimination of lutzomyia ayacuchensis (diptera: psychodidae) as a vector of leishmania in geographically isolated, upland valleys of peru. | the southernmost limit of the distribution of endemic andean cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl), commonly known as uta, is localized in the western andean valleys of ayacucho, peru. this area is completely isolated from other regions endemic for this disease. identification of the insect vector for andean cl was carried out by combining entomologic and parasitologic approaches. two lutzomyia species were captured: lutzomyia ayacuchensis and lu. noguchii. the former species was considered responsible f ... | 2004 | 15211000 |
| development of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis in the sand fly lutzomyia migonei (diptera: psychodidae). | development of leishmania braziliensis (vianna) and leishmania amazonensis (lainson and shaw) in the sand fly lutzomyia migonei (frança) was compared by studying the parasite microhabitats in the alimentary tract, the sequence of parasite morphological changes leading to the metacyclogenesis process, and the parasite transmission to the vertebrate susceptible host. although the infections by the 2 leishmania species were initiated with the same number of amastigotes, le. amazonensis developed a ... | 2000 | 15218917 |
| distribution of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in the state of rio grande do norte, brazil. | visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are major endemic diseases in northeast brazil. the objective of the current study was to determine the species and geographic distribution of potential sand fly vectors of leishmania in the state of rio grande do norte. sand flies were captured using cdc light traps in 30 municipalities distributed throughout the 8 geographic zones of the state. twelve lutzomyia species were identified. lutzomyia longipalpis lutz & neiva was the most prevalent and accounted ... | 2000 | 15218921 |
| wild and synanthropic hosts of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in the endemic cutaneous leishmaniasis locality of amaraji, pernambuco state, brazil. | evidence of leishmania infection was found in small mammals captured between 1996 and 2000 in the amaraji region, pernambuco state, brazil. the kdna polymerase chain reaction (pcr), using primers specific for subgenus l. (viannia), was positive for 43/153 water rats (nectomys squamipes), 13/81 black rats (rattus rattus), 15/103 grass mice (bolomys lasiurus), 1/14 marsh mice (holochilus scieurus), 2/50 field mice (akodon arviculoides), 2/12 woolly opossums (marmosa sp.), and 5/37 common opossums ... | 2003 | 15228244 |
| new world cutaneous leishmaniasis in returned travellers: treatment failures using intravenous sodium stibogluconate. | treatment outcome was determined among a cohort of travellers who returned to the uk between february 2000 and february 2001 with new world cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by species of the leishmania (viannia) subgenus. among 18 patients who completed treatment with 20 mg/kg/d of i.v. sodium stibogluconate (nasb) for 20 d, early relapse of disease occurred in 2 patients with regional dissemination in 1 and mucocutaneous involvement in the other. drug susceptibility testing in vitro of the clinic ... | 2003 | 15259478 |
| leishmania braziliensis: partial control of experimental infection by interleukin-12 p40 deficient mice. | resistance to infection by leishmania major has been associated with the development of a th1 type response that is dependent on the presence of interleukin 12 (il-12). in this work the involvement of this cytokine in the response to infection by l. braziliensis, a less virulent species in the mouse model, was evaluated. our results show that while interferon (ifn-gamma) deficient (-/-) mice inoculated l. braziliensis develop severe uncontrolled lesions, chronic lesions that remained under contr ... | 2004 | 15273802 |
| anti-leishmanial activity of alkaloidal extract from aspidosperma ramiflorum. | infections due to protozoa of the genus leishmania are a major worldwide health problem, with high endemicity in developing countries. the drugs of choice for the treatment of leishmaniasis are the pentavalent antimonials (sbv), which present renal and cardiac toxicity. besides, the precise chemical structure and mechanism of action of these drugs are unknown up to date. in order to find new drugs against leishmaniasis, we have been studying extracts of brazilian trees. in the present study, we ... | 2004 | 15273808 |
| effect of thiadiazine derivatives on intracellular amastigotes of leishmania amazonensis. | current therapy for leishmaniasis is not satisfactory. we describe the in vitro antiproliferative effects of new thiadiazine derivatives against leishmania amazonensis. the compounds were found to be active against the amastigote form of the parasite, inhibiting parasite growing, from 10 to 89%, at a concentration of 100 ng/ml. this activity suggests that thiadiazine derivatives could be considered as potential antileishmanial compounds. | 2004 | 15273809 |
| clinical presentations of leishmania braziliensis braziliensis. | leishmania braziliensis braziliensis (lbb) is probably the most serious, leishmanial infection of the new world. although epidemiological information is incomplete, its distribution is believed to extend from belize in central america to northern argentina, involving all countries east of the andes. lbb causes a variety of clinical lesions and is one of the most difficult forms of leishmaniasis to treat. we still do not know how many patients suffer from mucosal disease requiring treatment. in t ... | 1985 | 15275583 |
| a survey of leishmania braziliensis genome by shotgun sequencing. | we have carried out a survey of the genome of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis by shotgun sequencing. approximately 15% of the haploid genome of the parasite (5.15 mb of genomic sequence) was obtained. a large number of known and putative genes, predicted to be involved in several cellular processes, were identified. some genomic features were investigated, such as the general g + c content, which was found to be lower than l. major (57% versus 63%). blastn searches revealed that 60.2% of the c ... | 2004 | 15279954 |
| clinical status and parasitic infection in a wichí aboriginal community in salta, argentina. | in a study, carried out in 2000, of the clinical and parasitological status of a wichi aboriginal community living in the suburbs of tartagal, northern salta, argentina, 154 individuals were screened for parasitic infections. ninety-five faecal samples were also obtained from the same population. ninety-three percent of the subjects were positive for 1 or more of the parasites investigated by direct test and 70.5% of them had parasitic superinfection. the most frequent helminths were strongyloid ... | 2003 | 15307425 |
| leishmania braziliensis isolates differing at the genome level display distinctive features in balb/c mice. | leishmania braziliensis is the species responsible for the majority of cases of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in brazil. in the present study, l. braziliensis isolates from two different geographic areas in brazil were studied by rapd, using arbitrary primers. we also evaluated other biological features of these two isolates. we compared (a) the clinical features they initiate or not once delivered subcutaneously as stationary-phase promastigotes in the footpad of balb/c mice; (b) the parasite l ... | 2004 | 15345228 |
| molecular characterization of the leishmania braziliensis l6 ribosomal protein. | by screening a leishmania braziliensis complementary dna library with a pool of sera from leishmaniasis patients, the gene coding for l6 ribosomal protein was isolated. the sequence, genomic organization, and transcription of this gene are described in this article. the sequence analysis of the l. braziliensis l6 gene shows a single open reading frame, which codes for a protein of 192 amino acids (aa) with a hypothetical molecular mass of 20.9 kda. the protein exhibits significant sequence simil ... | 2004 | 15357103 |
| immune response induced by new world leishmania species in c57bl/6 mice. | in the present study, c57bl/6 mice were inoculated with metacyclic leishmania amazonensis or l. braziliensis promastigotes. while these animals were capable of controlling the infection by l. braziliensis, they developed chronic lesions with elevated numbers of parasites when infected by l. amazonensis. the differences in parasite control were associated with a decreased production of ifn-gamma and tnf by lymph node cells from l. amazonensis-infected mice. furthermore, these animals presented de ... | 2004 | 15378352 |
| viruses of parasitic protozoa. | recently, specific viruses have been identified among the parasitic protozoa trichomonas vaginalis, giardia lamblia, leishmania braziliensis, the eimeria spp and the babesia spp. these viruses share many features: they are all rna viruses and most, if not all, doublestranded (ds) rna viruses with nonsegmented genomes ranging between 5 and 7 kilobases (kb); they are spherical or icosahedral with an average diameter of 30-40 nm. the giardiavirus is one of the best characterized and can infect viru ... | 1991 | 15463448 |
| leishmania (viannia): genetic analysis of cutaneous and mucosal strains isolated from the same patient. | ten pairs of leishmania (viannia) strains isolated from mucosal and cutaneous lesions of the same patient were analyzed genotypically in order to determine whether populations that had metastasized to mucosal sites differed from those in the cutaneous lesion. the strains were previously characterized by multi locus enzyme electrophoresis and/or monoclonal antibodies reactivity, and, for this study, only isolates from the same patient which were identified as the same species were employed. pcr-r ... | 2004 | 15491550 |
| life tables and reproductive parameters of lutzomyia spinicrassa (diptera: psychodidae) under laboratory conditions. | lutzomyia spinicrassa is a vector of leishmania braziliensis in colombia. this sand fly has a broad geographical distribution in colombia and venezuela and it is found mainly in coffee plantations. baseline biological growth data of l. spinicrassa were obtained under experimental laboratory conditions. the development time from egg to adult ranged from 59 to 121 days, with 12.74 weeks in average. based on cohorts of 100 females, horizontal life table was constructed. the following predictive par ... | 2004 | 15558171 |
| new world mucosal and cutaneous leishmaniasis: an emerging health problem among british travellers. | mucosal leishmaniasis (ml) is an important complication of new world cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) caused by species of the leishmania viannia subgenus. previous reports of ml among travellers to latin america are few. | 2004 | 15569809 |
| leishmania parasites (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) reversibly inhibit visceral muscle contractions in hemimetabolous and holometabolous insects. | female sand flies can acquire protozoan parasites in the genus leishmania when feeding on an infected vertebrate host. the parasites complete a complex growth cycle in the sand fly gut until they are transmitted by bite to another host. recently, a myoinhibitory peptide was isolated from leishmania major promastigotes. this peptide caused significant gut distension and reversible, dose-dependent inhibition of spontaneous hindgut contractions in the enzootic sand fly vector, phlebotomus papatasi. ... | 2004 | 15579321 |
| positive montenegro skin test among patients with sporotrichosis in rio de janeiro. | we studied 52 patients with sporotrichosis confirmed by isolation of sporothrix schenckii and reactivity to the montenegro skin test (mst) during an ongoing outbreak of this mycosis in rio de janeiro. the objective was to emphasize the importance of parasitological confirmation and the possibility of incorrect diagnosis based on the lesion's appearance, epidemiological information, and immunological tests. the antigen used for the mst was conserved in either thimerosal 1:10,000 (group 1) or 0.4% ... | 2005 | 15589796 |
| antibody response in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis infected by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis or leishmania (viannia) guyanensis in brazil. | the antibody response against leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis crude antigen was measured through the indirect immunofluorescent assay (ifa) and the immunoenzymatic assay (elisa) in 114 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in brazil. fifty-four patients were infected by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, and 60 patients had l. (v.) guyanensis infection. patients were comparable by age, sex, disease duration and the montenegro skin test diameter. l. (v.) braziliensis-infected patients sh ... | 2005 | 15589797 |
| expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in the cutaneous lesions of balb/c mice infected with leishmania amazonensis. | the hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (hif-1alpha) is expressed in response to hypoxia and has been recently demonstrated in a variety of cells such as tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages. several characteristics of leishmanial lesions in humans and in animal models, such as microcirculation impairment, metabolic demand for leukocyte infiltration into infected tissue, parasite proliferation, and secondary bacterial infection, are strong indications of a hypoxic microenvironment in the les ... | 2005 | 15596060 |
| evaluation of the trypanocidal and leishmanicidal in vitro activity of the crude hydroalcoholic extract of pfaffia glomerata (amarathanceae) roots. | three different concentrations (1, 10 and 50 microg/ml) of lyophilized hydroalcoholic crude extract of pfaffia glomerata roots were assayed in vitro against strains of trypanosoma cruzi (y) and leishmania braziliensis. it was observed that p. glomerata hydroalcoholic extract was relatively active within the tested concentrations for l. (v) braziliensis, but inactive against t. cruzi. despite the fact that both protozoans belong to the trypanosomatidae family, we suggest that the difference obser ... | 2004 | 15636182 |
| american tegumentary leishmaniasis: antigen-gene polymorphism, taxonomy and clinical pleomorphism. | multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis is the current gold standard for the genetic characterisation of leishmania. however, this method is time-consuming and, more importantly, cannot be directly applied to parasites present in host tissue. pcr-based methods represent an ideal alternative but, to date, a multi-locus analysis has not been applied to the same sample. this has now been achieved with a sample of 55 neotropical isolates (leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, l. (v.) peruviana, l. (v.) guya ... | 2005 | 15639742 |
| eco-epidemiological survey of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis american cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in ribeira valley river, paraná state, brazil. | leishmaniasis is endemic since last century in adrianópolis municipality, ribeira valley and is a serious public health. a study carried out during 1993-2003 on epidemiological surveys conducted in rural communities showed 339 new cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) detected from four municipalities (adrianópolis, cerro azul, doutor ulysses and rio branco do sul). a larger prevalence of cutaneous lesions was observed in rural workers (36%), women with domestic activities (18%), and younger stu ... | 2004 | 15652328 |
| activity of a paromomycin hydrophilic formulation for topical treatment of infections by leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis and leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | studies on in vitro skin permeation and in vivo anti-leishmanial activity in mice experimentally infected with leishmania (leishmania) major pointed out to the potential of a new paromomycin (pa) formulation (hydrophilic gel) for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). in this study, the activity of this formulation was evaluated in animals experimentally infected by leishmania species that prevail in the new world. pa gel activity was compared to antimony treatment, since it is still the fir ... | 2004 | 15652330 |
| epidemiology of leishmaniasis in ecuador: current status of knowledge -- a review. | although leishmaniasis is regarded as a significant health problem in ecuador by the ministry of health, and the incidence has increased over the last years, an official map on the geographic distribution of disease and sand fly vectors or a control strategy do not exist yet. this article reviews the current situation based on published information to improve our knowledge and understand the epidemiological situation of leishmaniasis in ecuador in order to help future research and to develop a n ... | 2004 | 15654419 |
| antileishmanial activity of lapachol analogues. | the antileishmanial activity of lapachol, isolapachol, and dihydrolapachol, along with soluble derivatives (potassium salt) and acetate was obtained. all the compounds were assayed against metacyclic promastigotes of two different species of leishmania associated to tegumentar leishmaniasis: l. amazonensis and l. braziliensis. all compounds presented significant activity, being isolapachol acetate the most active against promastigotes, with ic50/24h = 1.6 +/- 0.0 microg/ml and 3.4 +/- 0.5 microg ... | 2004 | 15654435 |
| single step polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the diagnosis of the leishmania (viannia) subgenus. | in brazil, the main etiologic agent of leishmaniasis that frequently presents with mucosal involvement belongs to the viannia subgenus. the therapeutic conduct in this disease depends on the parasitological diagnosis, and classical methods are restricted in identifying the agent. in this paper we describe a polymerase chain reaction (pcr), which uses primers designed from mini-exons repetitive sequences. the pcr amplifies a 177bp fragment that can distinguish (viannia) from (leishmania) subgenus ... | 2004 | 15654480 |
| distinct leishmania braziliensis isolates induce different paces of chemokine expression patterns. | inflammatory events during leishmania braziliensis infection in mice were investigated. large lesions were directly correlated with the inflammatory reaction but not with parasite burden. different l. braziliensis strains induce different paces of chemokine expression patterns, leading to diverse cell recruitment and differential inflammatory responses. | 2005 | 15664963 |
| leishmania (viannia) braziliensis: human mast cell line activation induced by logarithmic and stationary promastigote derived-lysates. | herein we investigate the ability of live promastigotes and total lysate of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, derived from parasites in the logarithmic (l-lb) or stationary phase (s-lb), to induce human mast cell line (hmc-1) activation. in comparison with medium-treated cells, a significant histamine release was observed in hmc-1 cultures stimulated with s-lb. lipophosphoglycan also induced histamine release by hmc-1 cells. in immunocytochemical assays, we found a marked staining for tryptase ... | 2005 | 15687013 |
| [risk factors for cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in children aged 0 to 5 years in an endemic area of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis]. | with the purpose of identifying risk factors for cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in children from 0 to 5 years, a matched case-control study was carried out in corte de pedra, bahia, brazil, an endemic area of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. children with a positive leishmanin skin test and one or more active lesions or scars consistent with cutaneous leishmaniasis were defined as cases. forty cases and 71 controls were selected and matched by age and place of residence. the presence of ... | 2005 | 15692649 |
| case records of the massachusetts general hospital. weekly clinicopathological exercises. case 4-2005. a 35-year-old man with nasal congestion, swelling, and pain. | 2005 | 15703426 | |
| the susceptibility of domestic cats (felis catus) to experimental infection with leishmania braziliensis. | over the last few years, several cases of feline leishmaniasis (fl) with cutaneous and visceral forms have been reported around the world. nonetheless, the real susceptibility of cats to infection with leishmania spp. and the outcome of leishmaniasis in these animals are poorly understood. experimental studies on feline models will contribute to the knowledge of natural fl. thus, in order to determine the susceptibility of domestic cats (felis catus) to experimental infection with leishmania bra ... | 2004 | 15710520 |
| cutaneous leishmaniasis associated with extensive lymphadenopathy during an epidemic in ceará state, northeast brazil. | during an epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniais in northeast brazil a prospective study was conducted in order to assess clinical, parasitological and immunological features of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a representative sample of patients. a general examination was done and demographic and anthropometric data as well as numbers, duration, location, size, consistency and tenderness of enlarged lymph nodes and lesions recorded. hematologic and biochemical parameters as well as leishmania-specific an ... | 2005 | 15716050 |
| [performance analysis of the research of igg antibodies alive promastigote anti-forms of leishmania (v.) braziliensis (aapv-igg), for flow cytometry in the diagnosis of the leishmaniasis american tegumentar]. | 2003 | 15719766 | |
| leishmania braziliensis: a novel mechanism in the lipophosphoglycan regulation during metacyclogenesis. | during metacyclogenesis of leishmania in its sand fly vector, the parasite differentiates from a noninfective, procyclic form to an infective, metacyclic form, a process characterised by morphological changes of the parasite and also biochemical transformations in its major surface lipophosphoglycan (lpg). this lipid-anchored polysaccharide is polymorphic among species with variations in sugars that branch off the conserved gal(beta1,4)man(alpha1)-po4 backbone of repeat units and the oligosaccha ... | 2005 | 15722076 |
| comparison of meglumine antimoniate and pentamidine for peruvian cutaneous leishmaniasis. | pentamidine was compared with meglumine antimoniate (glucantime) for 80 patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis due to leishmania braziliensis in peru. of the 40 patients administered glucantime (20 mg of antimony [sb]/kg/day intravenously for 20 days), 31 cured (78%), 6 failed (15%), of which 5 were due to relapse, and 3 were lost to follow-up (7%). of the 40 patients administered pentamidine (2 mg/kg every other day for seven injections), 14 were cured (35%), 23 failed (58%), and 3 were lost to ... | 2005 | 15741547 |
| micro-geographical variation among male populations of the sandfly, lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia, from an endemic area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. | the genetic relationships among male lutzomyia (nyssomyia) intermedia (lutz & neiva) (diptera: psychodidae) from three populations from the same endemic area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil, were compared. the sandflies were collected in three ecologically different habitats: domestic, extra-domestic and sylvatic over a total range of 800 m. three molecular markers were employed to assess population variation. based on mlee markers, it could not b ... | 2005 | 15752175 |
| leishmania (viannia) subgenus kdna amplification for the diagnosis of mucosal leishmaniasis. | the utility of 2 polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assays amplifying genus or viannia subgenus leishmania minicircle kdna for the diagnostics of ml was assessed. the viannia subgenus product was yielded after pcr from isolates of l. (viannia) braziliensis, l. (viannia) colombiensis, and l. (viannia) guyanensis, whereas no product was obtained with the non-viannia-pertaining species: l. (leishmania) amazonensis, l. (leishmania) donovani, and l. (leishmania) chagasi. with both assays, 11 of 13 ... | 2005 | 15766604 |
| polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is highly sensitive for diagnosis of mucosal leishmaniasis. | we evaluated the use of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for diagnosis of mucosal leishmaniasis (ml) in an endemic area in acre, brazil, where leishmania braziliensis is present. leishmania dna was detected 34 of 35 cases, yielding a positivity rate of 97.1%, which was higher than the positivity rates for all of the other diagnostic methods studied, namely montenegro skin test (mst), anti-leishmania serological testing and microscopic examination of lesion biopsy specimens. these findings have le ... | 2005 | 15777720 |
| flow cytometric assessment of leishmania spp metacyclic differentiation: validation by morphological features and specific markers. | characterization of infective metacyclic promastigotes of leishmania spp can be an essential step in several experimental protocols. metacyclic forms of all leishmania species display a typical morphology with short, narrow cell body, and an elongated flagellum. this feature suggests that metacyclics can be distinguished from procyclic forms by non-fluorimetric flow cytometric parameters thus enabling the follow-up of their appearance and acquisition of specific properties, during metacyclogenes ... | 2005 | 15804377 |
| [immunoglobulin isotype and igg subclass profiles in american tegumentary leishmaniasis]. | the present work investigated the serum antibody profiles in 37 patients with american tegumentary leishmaniasis, who were attended at hospital de clinicas - universidade federal de uberlandia, mg, brazil. the immunoglobulin class and igg subclass profiles were analyzed by indirect elisa using leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis soluble antigen. the antibody avidity was determined by 6 m urea treatment after incubation with immunoenzymatic conjugate. it was observed that 97% of the serum samples ... | 2005 | 15821787 |
| [prevalence of canine infection from endemic areas of american cutaneous leishmaniasis in paracambi district, rio de janeiro state, between 1992 and 1993]. | in the district of paracambi, state of rio de janeiro an epidemiological survey for american tegumentary leishmaniasis in canine population was carried out in endemic localities. a total of 179 dogs was registered and 138 (77.1%) examined for their clinical aspects, development of delayed hypersensitivity (dhs) with imunoleish(r) antigen and serological responses by indirect immunofluorescent reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. in 9 (6.5%) dogs with active cutaneous lesions or suspec ... | 2005 | 15821792 |
| domestic and wild mammals infection by trypanosoma evansi in a pristine area of the brazilian pantanal region. | the objective of this study was to estimate the trypanosoma evansi infection rate and epizootical status of wild and domestic animals from the brazilian pantanal region using a standardized polymerase chain reaction (pcr). we used a simple dna extraction method based on chelex resin (biorad, usa) on blood eluted from filter paper confetti. primers directed to repetitive nuclear dna sequences were used in the pcr, and could detect 30 fg of t. evansi dna. the analytical specificity of the assay wa ... | 2005 | 15824901 |
| [slowly progressing skin ulcers following a stay in costa rica]. | 2005 | 15826551 | |
| amplification of human dna by primers targeted to leishmania kinetoplast dna and post-genome considerations in the detection of parasites by a polymerase chain reaction. | we evaluated the leishmania viannia-specific primers b1-b2 to detect leishmania in normal skin and peripheral blood monocytes of patients with active cutaneous leishmaniasis. southern blotting and sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products confirmed the specificity of kinetoplast dna (kdna) amplification from tissue fluid from healthy skin, whereas the pcr with monocytes also amplified a human sequence of a size similar (718 basepairs) to the expected kdna product (750 basepairs), re ... | 2005 | 15827280 |
| effect of lack and kmp11 on ifn-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis patients. | the immune modulatory properties of recombinant antigens kinetoplasmid membrane protein-11 (kmp11) and leishmania homologue of receptors for activated c kinase (lack) in cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) and mucosal leishmaniasis (ml) patients were evaluated. the mean levels of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) in soluble leishmania antigen (sla) stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of ml and cl patients were 5625 +/- 2333 pg/ml and 4422 +/- 3665 pg/ml, respectively. ifn-gamma was not dete ... | 2005 | 15853916 |
| case 4-2005: sodium stibogluconate for cutaneous leishmaniasis. | 2005 | 15872214 | |
| the 3a1-la monoclonal antibody reveals key features of leishmania (l) amazonensis metacyclic promastigotes and inhibits procyclics attachment to the sand fly midgut. | in this work, we characterise metacyclic promastigotes of leishmania amazonensis, the causative agent of cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in the new world. to purify metacyclics from stationary culture by negative selection, we used the monoclonal antibody 3a1-la produced against procyclic promastigotes. the purified forms named 3a1-la(-) promastigotes, present key metacyclic characteristics: slender cell body and long flagella, ultrastructural features, resistance to complement lys ... | 2005 | 15885694 |
| effect of a juvenile hormone analogue on leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis. | 2005 | 15888299 | |
| species assignation of leishmania from human and canine american tegumentary leishmaniasis cases by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis in north argentina. | sixteen leishmania stocks, 15 isolated from patients with cutaneous (cl), mucocutaneous (mcl), or recurrent cutaneous leishmaniasis, plus one from a dog with cl in salta and corrientes provinces, argentina, were studied by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. thirteen of the stocks from humans were grouped in two zymodemes; nine termed as kms 1, four as kms 2, and assigned to leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. two additional stocks from cl cases expressed a kms 4 enzyme profile, corresponding to l ... | 2005 | 15891136 |
| [american tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in military training area of zona da mata in pernambuco]. | the aim of work was to study the epidemiology of american tegumentary leishmaniasis in a military training unit situated in zona da mata region of pernambuco state. between 2002 and 2003 twenty-three cases were notified by clinical exam, detection and/or isolation of parasite and montenegro skin test. seven stocks of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis were obtained from patients, identified by a panel of specific monoclonal antibodies and isoenzymatic electrophoresis profiles. an epidemiologic su ... | 2005 | 15895173 |
| american tegumentary leishmaniasis: a quantitative analysis of langerhans cells presents important differences between l. (l.) amazonensis and viannia subgenus. | a quantitative study was conducted on the density of langerhans cells (lcs) cd1a+ in specimens obtained from patients with american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) lesions without previous treatment, as well as from control healthy individuals. lc density was significantly higher among infected patients when compared to controls and also higher in longer term ones. regarding parasite quantities, these were proportionally inverse and diminished in chronic patients. localized cutaneous leishmanias ... | 2005 | 15935321 |
| is leishmania (viannia) braziliensis preferentially restricted to the cutaneous lesions of naturally infected dogs? | nineteen dogs naturally infected with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis were studied in order to determine the presence of the parasite outside cutaneous lesions. eleven (57.9%) animals showed single cutaneous or mucosal lesions and eight (42.1%) presented two or three lesions. twenty-eight active lesions were biopsied. isolation in culture and characterization by enzyme electrophoresis were possible in 100% of cases and amastigote forms were visualized upon histopathological examination in thre ... | 2005 | 15986254 |
| familial aggregation of mucosal leishmaniasis in northeast brazil. | to evaluate whether familial clustering occurs in mucosal leishmaniasis (ml), patients with ml (index cases) were randomly selected from medical records at a health post in an endemic area for leishmania braziliensis infection. control individuals (index controls) matched by age, gender, and place of residence to index cases were selected. family members of index cases and controls were compared with respect to environmental factors and the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) and ml. delay ... | 2005 | 16014836 |
| successful treatment of refractory cutaneous leishmaniasis with gm-csf and antimonials. | therapeutic failure in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) occurs in 5% of patients infected by leishmania braziliensis. this study evaluates the use of topically applied granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) combined with the standard dose of antimony to treat refractory cases of cl. five patients who had received three courses or more of antimony were enrolled in an open-label clinical trial. one to 2 ml of the gm-csf solution (10 mug/ml in 0.9% saline) was reappl ... | 2005 | 16014838 |
| detection of leishmania braziliensis in human paraffin-embedded tissues from tucumán, argentina by polymerase chain reaction. | american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) is an endemic disease in northern argentina. we applied the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) followed by a hybridization labelled probe to 21 paraffin embedded human skin biopsies, already analyzed histologically, from leishmaniasis endemic areas in the province of tucumán, argentina. we used primers previously designed to detect a leishmania-specific 120-base-pair fragment of kinetoplast dna minicircle, other two primer pairs that amplify kdna minicircles b ... | 2005 | 16021307 |
| [validation of pcr as a tool for the detection of leishmania (vianna) spp. parasites in the lutzomyia (diptera: psychodidae) vector]. | the applicability of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was evaluated for the detection and identification of parasites in sand fly vectors and thereby precluding the necessity of dissecting them. dna was extracted from individual, laboratory infected sand flies, and subjected to pcr amplification using specific b1 and b2 primers for parasites of the leishmania (viannia) subgenus. | 2005 | 16022381 |
| tgf-beta-associated enhanced susceptibility to leishmaniasis following intramuscular vaccination of mice with leishmania amazonensis antigens. | leishmania amazonensis and leishmania braziliensis are the main causal agents of anergic diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis and hyperergic mucosal leishmaniasis in man, respectively. in this work we demonstrate that intramuscular vaccination of balb/c mice with whole antigens of l. amazonensis (laag) but not l. braziliensis (lbag) results in increased susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis. laag vaccination resulted in an increased capacity of the draining lymph nodes to produce il-10 and tgf-be ... | 2005 | 16027022 |
| successful liposomal amphotericin b treatment of leishmania braziliensis cutaneous leishmaniasis. | existing systemic treatments for new world cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) caused by leishmania (vianna) braziliensis are unsatisfactory. liposomal amphotericin b has been used extensively for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis, but in few cases of cl, and an appropriate regimen for cl has not been described. we successfully treated a patient with multiple l. braziliensis cl lesions acquired in belize. liposomal amphotericin b (ambisome) was given to our patient as an inpatient for seven daily ... | 2005 | 16029352 |
| host humoral immune response to leishmania lipid-binding protein. | summary we report on the use of leishmania donovani lipid-binding proteins (lbps) as antigens capable of being recognized by serum from immunocompetent patients from southern spain suffering from visceral leishmaniasis and from peruvian patients with localized cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis. the absorbance found by immunoenzymatic techniques gave significantly different results for the serum samples from patients with and without leishmaniasis. specificity by elisa tes ... | 2005 | 16048642 |
| atypical clinical variants in new world cutaneous leishmaniasis: disseminated, erysipeloid, and recidiva cutis due to leishmania (v.) panamensis. | in recent times, there has been an increase in the number of reports for new and rare variants of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl). here, we describe three unusual clinical forms of cl identified in ecuadorian children. a total of 131 patients with cl were diagnosed over a 2-year period of active search. in 3 (2.29%), the lesions were very unusual; these included erysipeloid, recidiva cutis (lrc), and disseminated leishmaniasis (dl). the erysipeloid case is characterized by erythematous and indurate ... | 2005 | 16103590 |
| axenic promastigote forms of leishmania (viannia) lainsoni as an alternative source for leishmania antigen production. | the present study demonstrates that axenic cultures of leishmania (viannia) lainsoni produce larger cell masses in nnn-lit medium, as well as higher amounts of total proteins in cell extracts, than leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis. antigenicity of l. (v.) lainsoni whole promastigotes is similar to that of l. (l.) amazonensis, as demonstrated by an indirect immunofluorescence diagnostic test using sera from human patients and dogs infected with visceral leishmaniasis. infectivity of the l. (v. ... | 2005 | 16108545 |
| toward a novel experimental model of infection to study american cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania braziliensis. | leishmania spp. cause a broad spectrum of diseases collectively known as leishmaniasis. leishmania braziliensis is the main etiological agent of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. in the present study, we have developed an experimental model of infection that closely resembles acl caused by l. braziliensis. in order to do so, balb/c mice were infected in the ear dermis with 10(5) parasites and distinct aspects of the infection were evaluated. following inocul ... | 2005 | 16113301 |
| leishmania (viannia) braziliensis growth in vitro culture relies more on folic acid availability than leihsmania (leishmania) amazonensis. | we compared the in vitro growth of promastigotes from two leishmania species in tc-100 and schneider media. leishmania (leishmania) amazonensis replication rates were similar in both tissue culture media and reached maximum rates by 48 h. in contrast leishmania (viannia) braziliensis growth was significantly greater in tc-100 but maximum rates were achieved by 96 h. folic acid appears to be the limiting factor and supplementation of schneider media with this nutrient improved l. (v.) braziliensi ... | 2005 | 16113874 |
| flow cytometric analysis of cellular infiltrate from american tegumentary leishmaniasis lesions. | cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes play different roles in the outcome of leishmaniasis. however, t-cell distribution in lesions shows significant variability in in situ immunocytochemical studies. | 2005 | 16120139 |
| identification of naturally infected lutzomyia intermedia and lutzomyia migonei with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis in rio de janeiro (brazil) revealed by a pcr multiplex non-isotopic hybridisation assay. | to identify naturally infected lutzomyia spp. by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, a pcr multiplex non-isotopic hybridisation assay was developed for the analysis of insect samples collected in distinct areas of the municipality of rio de janeiro (brazil), from march to december 2003. data from experimental infection indicate that the method can detect one individual infected insect out of ten. wild sand flies were classified and grouped into pools of 10 specimens each, reaching a total of 40 f ... | 2005 | 16143358 |
| complexity of the major surface protease (msp) gene organization in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis: evolutionary and functional implications. | the major surface protease (msp or gp63) of leishmania plays a major role in the host-parasite interaction. we analysed here the structure of the msp gene locus in leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and compared it to results obtained in other species. physical mapping of cosmid contigs revealed a minimum of 37 genes per haploid genome and at least 8 different msp gene families. within the same organism, these genes showed a nucleotide sequence varying in certain stretches from 3 to 34%, and a mo ... | 2005 | 16145937 |
| leishmania (viannia) braziliensis: interaction of mannose-binding lectin with surface glycoconjugates and complement activation. an antibody-independent defence mechanism. | the activation of complement on the surface of leishmania promastigotes appears to be an important factor for parasite infectivity in the mammalian host, allowing their attachment and the invasion of macrophages via complement receptors. mannose-binding lectin (mbl) is a well-known complement activator and an efficient opsonine. we have investigated here whether serum and purified mbl bind to and promote lysis of live promastigotes of l. braziliensis; and evaluated the deposition of mbl, c1q, c4 ... | 2005 | 16149991 |
| mucocutaneous leishmaniasis presenting as facial cellulitis. | we report a case of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by leishmania viannia braziliensis. despite several courses of both oral and intravenous antibiotics no improvement was seen. this case highlights the importance of taking a thorough history, including details of recent travel, and considering rarer causes when no improvement with antibiotics is seen. our patient was infected with a particularly virulent strain and destruction of the mucous membranes is not uncommon. rapid diagnosis and trea ... | 2005 | 16175986 |
| a zymographic study of metalloprotease activities in extracts and extracellular secretions of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis strains. | proteolytic activities of 5 strains of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis isolated from brazilian and colombian patients, presenting distinct clinical manifestations, were characterized and compared using whole-promastigote extracts and extracellular secretions. zymographic assays concerning whole-cell extracts and supernatants resulted in the detection of high molecular weight bands, ranging from 50 to 125 kda. proteolytic activities from both whole-cell extracts and supernatants were optimal in ... | 2006 | 16197592 |
| mixed infection with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) chagasi in a naturally infected dog from rio de janeiro, brazil. | we report here the first case of co-infection with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis and leishmania (leishmania) chagasi in a naturally infected dog from rio de janeiro, brazil. isoenzyme characterisation identified the parasites isolated in culture from the cutaneous lesion as l. (v.) braziliensis and the isolates from blood and lymph node as l. (l.) chagasi. pcr analysis using specific primers followed by molecular hybridisation for direct leishmania species identification in tissue fragments ... | 2006 | 16257024 |
| use of full-length recombinant calflagin and its c fragment for improvement of diagnosis of trypanosoma cruzi infection. | serological diagnosis of trypanosoma cruzi infection is hampered by issues related to test specificity due to the cross-reactivity of most antigens with proteins of related parasites such as leishmania spp. the recombinant calflagins are considered relevant antigens for the diagnosis of infection by trypanosoma cruzi. in the present work, we describe two genes coding for putative calflagins in leishmania major with the n-terminal moieties presenting high similarity with t. cruzi genes. this fact ... | 2005 | 16272476 |
| leishmania (viannia) panamensis: cloning of the histone h1 genes by representational difference analysis. | we report the use of representational difference analysis to identify genes that have up-regulated expression in the amastigote life-cycle stage of leishmania (viannia) panamensis. this simultaneous process of selection and amplification allowed the cloning of several specific dna fragments. one of them shows a high percentage of similarity with histone h1 genes from other trypanosomatids and, as expected, is up-regulated in the amastigote life-cycle stage. the gene is present in two copies that ... | 2006 | 16289088 |
| decreased in situ expression of interleukin-10 receptor is correlated with the exacerbated inflammatory and cytotoxic responses observed in mucosal leishmaniasis. | human infection with leishmania braziliensis can lead to cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) or mucosal leishmaniasis (ml). we hypothesize that the intense tissue destruction observed in ml is a consequence of an uncontrolled exacerbated inflammatory immune response, with cytotoxic activity. for the first time, this work identifies the cellular sources of inflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines, the expression of effector molecules, and the expression of interleukin-10 (il-10) receptor in ml and cl ... | 2005 | 16299275 |
| leishmania (viannia) lainsoni (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae), a divergent leishmania of the viannia subgenus--a mini review. | leishmania (viannia) lainsoni is the leishmania species that presents the most distinct biological (morphology, growth in axenic culture medium), biochemical (enzymatic electrophoresis profile), and molecular biology characteristics, when compared to other species of the viannia subgenus. development of promastigote forms of this parasite attached to the wall of the pyloric and hind gut regions of sand fly vectors is a solid characteristic that allows its positioning in the viannia subgenus. how ... | 2005 | 16302071 |
| antiprotozoal and molluscicidal activities of five brazilian plants. | leishmaniasis, chagas' disease and schistosomiasis (bilharzia) are parasitic diseases with wide distribution on the american continent, affecting millions of people. in the present study, biological assays for antiprotozoal and molluscicidal activities were carried out with ethanolic extracts of plant species from the brazilian part of the upper paraná river. crude extracts were obtained by percolation with absolute ethanol from the leaves of cayaponia podantha cogn., nectandra falcifolia (nees) ... | 2005 | 16302102 |
| characterization of cell cultures derived from lutzomyia spinicrassa (diptera: psychodidae) and their susceptibility to infection with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. | the sand fly lutzomyia spinicrassa (morales, osorno-mesa, osorno & de hoyos, 1969) is a vector of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis, an etiological agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in colombia. the present article describes, for the first time, the morphological, karyotypical, and isozymatic characteristics of cell cultures derived from l. spinicrassa embryonic tissues as well as the interaction of l. braziliensis with these cell cultures. | 2005 | 16319783 |
| comparative protein profiling identifies elongation factor-1beta and tryparedoxin peroxidase as factors associated with metastasis in leishmania guyanensis. | parasites of the leishmania viannia subgenus are major causative agents of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (mcl), a disease characterised by parasite dissemination (metastasis) from the original cutaneous lesion to form debilitating secondary lesions in the nasopharyngeal mucosa. we employed a protein profiling approach to identify potential metastasis factors in laboratory clones of l. (v.) guyanensis with stable phenotypes ranging from highly metastatic (m+) through infrequently metastatic (m+/m-) ... | 2006 | 16325936 |
| isolation of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis glycolipid antigens and their reactivity with mab sst-1, specific for parasites of viannia subgenus. | specific glycolipids (gls) from leishmania (viannia) braziliensis promastigotes were isolated and purified. a monoclonal antibody directed to carbohydrate epitopes of these gls was produced. mab sst-1 recognizes a low molecular weight gl as established by solid-phase radioimmunoassay and hptlc immunostaining, and does not cross-react with lipophosphoglycan isolated from l. (v.) braziliensis promastigotes. an indirect immunofluorescence study indicated that the antigenic gls are present at the l. ... | 2005 | 16336727 |
| mucosal leishmaniasis patients display an activated inflammatory t-cell phenotype associated with a nonbalanced monocyte population. | leishmania braziliensis is a parasite that can induce at least two clinical forms of leishmaniasis in humans: cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) and mucosal leishmaniasis (ml). in humans, the specific mechanisms that determine which form will develop following infection are not well established. in this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 17 cl and 9 ml patients were compared both ex vivo and after culture with soluble leishmania antigen (sla). patients with ml presented a higher frequency ... | 2006 | 16398703 |
| sandfly fauna in a military training area endemic for american tegumentary leishmaniasis in the atlantic rain forest region of pernambuco, brazil. | the aim of this study was to characterize the sandfly fauna in a military training area situated in the "zona da mata" region of pernambuco state, brazil, where human cases of american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) had been observed, caused by leishmania (viannia) braziliensis. the occurrence of 16 sandfly species in the marshall newton cavalcanti military training camp (cimnc) indicates an important diversity of sandfly species in this study area. lutzomyia complexa was the most common specie ... | 2006 | 16410860 |
| [canine american cutaneous leishmaniasis in municipalities of northern paraná state, brazil]. | american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) is an endemic disease in northern paraná state, where it affects humans and dogs. this study aimed to verify the occurrence of the canine disease in acl endemic areas. from september 1999 to july 2002, dogs were investigated in 7 rural areas of 5 municipalities where autochthonous human cases of acl had been reported. parasitological and serological methods were used. fourteen of 67 dogs studied (20.9%) had lesions suggestive of acl, of which 3 (21.4%) were ... | 2006 | 16410884 |
| isolation and isoenzyme characterization of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis from a case of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in northeast centre of the state of são paulo. | the diagnosis of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in small towns is sometimes made without the species identification of the leishmania, even in areas without previous epidemiological surveys. here we report the isolation of a leishmania strain from a patient of rincão, state of são paulo, that was identified by isoenzyme characterization as l. (viannia) braziliensis. sand fly collections were made in the area where the patient live in order to investigate the likely vector species. | 2006 | 16410960 |
| in vitro responses of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to whole-cell, particulate and soluble extracts of leishmania promastigotes. | whole-cell and soluble extracts of leishmania promastigotes have both been used as skin test antigens and have also been tested as vaccine candidates. however, the differences in antigenicity between soluble and particulate leishmania fractions are not known. we evaluated in vitro responses of pbmc from 30 american tegumentary leishmaniasis (atl) patients and seven noninfected donors to different antigen preparations from leishmania promastigotes, namely leishmania amazonensis and l. braziliensi ... | 2006 | 16412059 |
| leishmaniasis recidiva cutis due to leishmania (viannia) panamensis in subtropical ecuador: isoenzymatic characterization. | information regarding leishmaniasis recidiva cutis (lrc), a clinical variant of cutaneous leishmaniasis, in the new world is scarce. lrc is characterized by slowly progressing lesion(s) that appear after a variable period of time, from months to years, in or around the scar of an apparently clinically healed sore. | 2006 | 16445499 |
| clinical value of anti-live leishmania (viannia) braziliensis immunoglobulin g subclasses, detected by flow cytometry, for diagnosing active localized cutaneous leishmaniasis. | to evaluate the clinical value of flow cytometry anti-live promastigate antibody (fc-alpa), for diagnosing active cutaneous leishmaniasis. | 2006 | 16451339 |
| molecular epidemiology of leishmania (viannia) guyanensis in french guiana. | little information is available about the genetic variability of leishmania populations and the possible correlations with ecoepidemiological features of leishmaniases. the present study was carried out in french guiana, a country where cutaneous leishmaniases (cl) are endemic over the whole territory. the genetic polymorphism of a nuclear sequence encompassing the end of the ribosomal small subunit and the internal transcribed spacer 1 of 265 isolates from patients with cl was examined by restr ... | 2006 | 16455900 |
| development of a genetic assay to distinguish between leishmania viannia species on the basis of isoenzyme differences. | tegumentary leishmaniasis in latin america is caused mainly by leishmania viannia braziliensis complex parasites. l. braziliensis and leishmania viannia peruviana are the 2 predominant leishmania species in peru. l. braziliensis is more virulent, because it can cause mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, known as espundia, that results in severe facial destruction. early identification of the species that causes the initial cutaneous infection would greatly help to prevent mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, be ... | 2006 | 16477557 |
| a pyrimidine-beta-carboline and other alkaloids from annona foetida with antileishmanial activity. | bioassay-guided fractionation of the bark extract of annona foetida afforded a new antileishmanial pyrimidine-beta-carboline alkaloid, n-hydroxyannomontine (1), together with the previously reported annomontine (2), o-methylmoschatoline (3), and liriodenine (4). the structure of compound 1 was established on the basis of extensive 1d and 2d nmr and ms analyses. this is the third reported pyrimidine-beta-carboline-type alkaloid and is particularly important for annona genus chemotaxonomy. in addi ... | 2006 | 16499336 |
| [clinical findings of tegumentary leishmaniasis in children under five years of age in an endemic area of leishmania (viannia) braziliensis]. | a retrospective study was performed in a field clinic to characterize the clinical findings of tegumentary leishmaniasis in children from 0 to 5 years old. the clinical records of 4,464 patients were analyzed at the primary health center of corte de pedra, presidente tancredo neves, bahia, brazil, from may 1987 to december 1995. four hundred and ninety one (11.8%) children were identified among 4,275 new cases of tegumentary leishmaniasis registered at this unit. the gender ratio (m:f) for child ... | 2006 | 16501761 |
| post mortem parasitological evaluation of dogs seroreactive for leishmania from rio de janeiro, brazil. | a parasitological study was conducted on 66 dogs seroreactive for leishmania captured as a control measure of visceral leishmaniasis in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil. biological samples from different anatomical sites were collected during autopsy of the animals and cultured on biphasic medium (nnn/schneider). the leishmania isolates were characterized by isoenzyme electrophoresis. leishmania was isolated from 80.3% of the animals: 12 animals with leishmania (viannia) braziliensis isolated ... | 2006 | 16520002 |
| new administration model of trans-chalcone biodegradable polymers for the treatment of experimental leishmaniasis. | the present study was designed to investigate a new administration model and the antileishmanial activity of a semi-synthetic chalcone, benzylideneacetophenone (trans-chalcone). the antileishmanial activity of this product was first tested in vitro against promastigotes of l. braziliensis, l. tropica, l. infantum and l. amazonensis. an in vivo experiment was carried out using subcutaneous administration of trans-chalcone and implants of synthetic biodegradable polymers, polylactic acid (pla) and ... | 2006 | 16529707 |
| natural infection of lutzomyia neivai with leishmania spp. in northwestern argentina. | the natural infection of lutzomyia neivai with leishmania in the endemic area of american cutaneous leishmaniasis (acl) in northwestern argentina was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-hybridization technique. phlebotominae sand flies were captured in the provinces of tucumán and salta between 1999 and 2003. from a sample of 440 lu. neivai females analysed for the detection of the leishmania (viannia) and leishmania (leishmania) subgenera, 9.1% of the samples resulted infected with ... | 2006 | 16529708 |
| in vitro leishmanicidal activity of tityus discrepans scorpion venom. | leishmania parasites are sensitive to peptides with antimicrobial and ion-channel inhibitory activity. because scorpion venoms are rich sources of such peptides, the leishmanicidal effect of tityus discrepans venom was investigated. a negative correlation between cell growth and venom concentration was observed for venom-treated cultures of leishmania (l.) mexicana mexicana promastigotes; 50% growth inhibition was obtained at 0.4 microg/ml. light microscopy showed rounded, highly vacuolated l. ( ... | 2006 | 16538481 |